初中英语2024届中考被动语态用法及易错点归纳讲解练习（全是必考点）

这是一份初中英语2024届中考被动语态用法及易错点归纳讲解练习（全是必考点），共6页。试卷主要包含了 主动语态和被动语态的概念， 被动语态的结构及用法，主动语态变被动语态，主动形式表被动意义，易错点总结，练习等内容，欢迎下载使用。

一、 主动语态和被动语态的概念
1）He pened the dr.他开了门。
以上例句是一个主动句，主语是动作的执行者/发出者
2）The dr was pened by him.门被开了。
第二个例句是一个被动句，主语是动作的承受者
汉语中表示被动的词：被…/ 由…/ 受…/ 给…
英语中表被动用：be+过去分词构成
二、 被动语态的结构及用法
1）被动语态的几种句型
肯定句：主语+be+及物动词的过去分词+（by）
eg: My phne was made in China.
否定句：主语+be nt+过去分词+（by）
eg: My phne wasn’t made in China.
一般疑问句：Be+主语+过去分词+（by）？
eg: Was yur phne made in China?
特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词+be+主语+过去分词+（by）?
eg: Where was yur phne made?
2）不同时态中的被动语态
3） 被动语态的用法
当不知道或没有必要指出动作的执行者时，常用被动语态，这时往往不用by短语。The frnt windw in the classrm was brken yesterday.
昨天，教室的前窗被打破了。(不知谁打破的)
They have been prly paid.
他们的工资太低。(没必要指出工资是谁付的)
突出或强调动作的承受者，如果需要说出动作的执行者，用by短语。
These bks are written especially fr children.
这些书是专门为孩子们写的。(强调的是“这些书”)
三、主动语态变被动语态
1）一般情况下主动语态变被动语态
主动句：He clsed the dr.
变被动句：The dr was clsed by him.
口诀：宾变主，主变宾，谓变be dne, 时不变，数格必须随被变。
2）主动语态中若有双宾语
Vivian gave me a bk.双宾语（me是间宾， bk是直宾）
-I was given a bk by Vivian.间接宾语提前
-A bk was given t me by Vivian.直接宾语提前时，要在间接宾语前加介词
动词make/buy/get用fr; 动词give/send/lend/take用t
3) “感使动词” (feel, hear, listen t, let, have, make, see, watch, ntice, lk at)真奇怪，主动结构“t”走开，被动结构又请来，十个动词要记牢，不会被它再难倒。
We saw him play ftball n the playgrund.
我们看见他在操场上打篮球。
变被动：He was seen t play ftball n the playgrund.
他被我们看到在操场上打篮球。
四、主动形式表被动意义
1) 系动词没有被动语态，如feel, sund, taste, lk, becme, fall, get, grw, keep, remain, seem, smell, stay, turn等等
Yur idea sunds gd.你的注意听起来蛮好的。
Yu lk beautiful.你看起来美美的。
2) 在need, require, want, be wrth , deserve等词的后面，动名词用主动形式表示被动意义
The TV needs repairing.电视需要修理。
= The TV needs t be repaired.
3) 一般说来，不及物动词或不及物动词短语不能使用被动语态，常见的有：appear, die, disappear, end（vi.结束）, fail, happen, last, lie, sit, spread, stand, break ut, cme true, fall asleep, keep silence, lse heart, take place，ccur等。
A car accident happened in the street.
一场车祸发生在街上。
Great changes have taken place in my hmetwn.
我的故乡发生了巨变。
4) 在某些形容词后面，当不定式表达的情况与它前面的名词或代词构成逻辑上的动宾关系时，用主动式表示被动意义。
She has an imprtant meeting t attend.
她有一个重要的会议要参加。
五、易错点总结（常考点）
1）在时间、条件状语从句中，要用一般现在时的被动语态表示将来时的被动语态。
If l am given enugh time, I will d it better.
给我足够的时间，我会做得更好。
2）固定结构中的介词或副词在被动结构中不可省去。
Such a bad habit shuld be gt rid f.
这样的坏习惯应该改掉。（f 不可以省去的）
3）有些动词如write, read, sell，wash, pen等当强调动作执行情况时, 有被动语态; 当用作不及物动词来说明主语本身所具有的特征时,无被动语态。
The cmputers were sld ut, because they sell well.
电脑被卖光了，因为它们卖得好。
The clth washes easily.
这布很好洗。
4）在“t…t…”结构和形容词 enugh t d结构中,通常用主动形式表示被动意义。
The prblem is t difficult t wrk ut.
5）常见的被动语态的句型搭配
据说 is said that ...
据报导 is reprted that ...
据推测 is suppsed that ...
希望 is hped that ...
众所周知 is well knwn that ...
普遍认为 is generally cnsidered that ...
有人建议 is suggested that
六、练习
1.A red sky in the mrning _______ t be a sign f bad weather.
A.says
B.is saying
C.is said
D.is being said
2.The bk _______ fr anyne wh wants t learn mre abut the Internet.
A.is intended
B.has intended
C.is intending
D.will intend
3.Bld is the medium in which xygen _______ t all parts f the bdy.
A.is carried
B.has carried
C.is carrying
D.will carry
4.If the package _______ well, we assume the cntents are als wnderful.
A.is wrapped
B.has wrapped
C.is wrapping
D.will wrap
5.Bth hydrgen and xygen are elements, but water, which _______ when they cmbine, is nt.
A.is frmed
B.has frmed
C.is frming
D.will frm
6.The swimmer hung n t the rpe and _______ t safety.
A.is pulled
B.has pulled
C.was pulled
D.was pulling
7.Einstein _______ the Nbel Prize fr his cntributin t Quantum Thery.
A.is awarded
B.has awarded
C.was awarded
D.was awarding
8.They ught t have arrived at lunchtime but the flight _______.
A.is delayed
B.has delayed
C.was delayed
D.was delaying
9.The crunch came when she _______ t chse between her marriage and her career.
A.is frced
B.has frced
C.was frced
D.was frcing
10.I _______ t wait fur hurs befre I was examined by a dctr.
A.made
B.has made
C.was made
D.was making
11.Anyne seen carrying bxes, bags, r whatever, _______ by the plice.
A.stpped
B.has stpped
C.was stpped
D.was stpping
12.I can’t turn a blind eye when smene _______.
A.has rbbed
B.was rbbed
C.was rbbing
D.is being rbbed
13.The dealer will prvide yu with a curtesy car while yur vehicle_______.
A.has repaired
B.was repaired
C.is being repaired
D.was been repaired
14.The Olympic trch is carried by runners t the place where the games _______.
A.has held
B.was held
C.are being held
D.were been held
15.He aplgized t the peple wh _______.
A.affected
B.has affected
C.have been affected
D.had been affected
16.N decisin ______ until next year, s yu’ll just have t wait and see.
A.have made
B.are made
C.will make
D.will be made
17.Candidates wh are successful in the written test ______ fr an interview.
A.have invited
B.have been invited
C.will invite
D.will be invited
18.There is every chance that mre jbs ______ later this year.
A.will lse
B.will be lst
C.have lst
D.have been lst
19.There’s still a ray f hpe that the missing child ______ alive.
A.was fund
B.have fund
C.will find
D.will be fund
20.Full details f the electin results ______ in a special editin f tmrrw’s newspaper.
A.will publish
B.will be published
C.have published
D.have been published
21.N-ne knws hw many peple ______ since the war began.
A.have killed
B.have been killed
C.killed
D.were killed
22.She has written tw nvels, bth f which ______ int televisin series.
A.have made
B.have been made
C.had made
D.had been made
23.Due t the recent high cst f brrwing, many cmpanies ______ t clse.
A.had frced
B.had been frced
C.have frced
D.have been frced
24.Once the gds ______ fr they will be delivered at yur cnvenience.
A.have paid
B.have been paid
C.will pay
D.will been paid
25.At least fifty fur peple ______ and a further fifty are missing.
A.have killed
B.have been killed
C.will kill
D.will be killed
【参考答案】
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