福建省泉州第一中学2022-2023学年高二下学期期中考试英语试卷(含答案)

这是一份福建省泉州第一中学2022-2023学年高二下学期期中考试英语试卷(含答案)，共21页。试卷主要包含了阅读理解，七选五，完形填空，短文填空，书面表达，读后续写等内容，欢迎下载使用。


一、阅读理解
There are three things yu can watch frever: Instagram feeds, YuTube vides and water. Amng them, water is definitely smething n ne argues abut, and there are many unusual water attractins that yu can find arund the wrld.
Bangkk Flating Markets
There are many flating markets where gds are sld frm bats. While mdern markets are mre ppular, flating markets still are a huge attractin fr lcal turism. Any visitrs can purchase lcal fds and traditinal handcrafted (手工的) suvenirs. Bargaining is a part f experience. S, start lw and get the price yu are ready t pay.
Bregenzer Festspiele
The Bregenz Festival is held every year frm July t August in Vrarlberg. It has the wrld’s largest stage n the water. The perfrmances are different every year but they are usually united by ne theme. The decratins are very impressive and are wrth seeing.
Marina Bay Stadium
This stadium was built as a temprary slutin while Singapre Natinal Stadium was rebuilt. The stadium was used fr the pening and clsing ceremnies during 2010 Summer Yuth Olympics. It was a flating platfrm where the Frmula One Grand Prix event was successfully held.
Archipelag Cinema
Archipelag Cinema is prbably ne f the wrld’s mst scenic pen-air cinemas that flats in the middle f a lake. The cinema was designed by German architect Ole Scheeren, wh built it using techniques ppular amng lcal peple. This cinema stage was built specially fr the film festival Film n the Rcks Ya Ni.
1．What is special abut Bangkk Flating Markets?
A. Lcal fds are free t taste.
B. Visitrs can make bats by themselves.
C. Bargaining fr a gd price is an experience.
D. Perfrmances n water are impressive t see.
2．Which ne was used fr Frmula One Grand Prix event?
A. Archipelag Cinema.B. Marina Bay Stadium.
C. Bregenzer Festspiele.D. Bangkk Flating Markets.
3．What d Marina Bay Stadium and Archipelag Cinema have in cmmn?
A. They bth hld ceremnies every year.
B. They bth used lcal building techniques.
C. They were bth built fr a special purpse.
D. They bth prvide visitrs with sprts events.
In 2007,Bianca Valenti had an experience which nearly killed her. When she paddled ut at Ocean Beach in San Francisc, she met a wave the length f a garage and as tall as a tw-stry huse.
“The secnd I went under water, I was just getting kncked and spun every which way. And then my feet tuched the sand bttm there. I swam t the surface. At this pint my lungs were burning painfully. I just thught t myself, ‘If there’s ne mre wave after this, I’m ging t die.’ Luckily there wasn’t anther wave. ”That was when Valenti knew she had the drive and skill t surf big waves.
By 2014, Valenti surfed and wn her first big waves cntest at Nelsctt Reef in Oregn. There, she met fellw prfessinals Paige Alms, Andrea Mller, and Keala Kennelly. “Tw things gt me fired up at that pint,” she said. “I wanted t have the pprtunity t win mre events, but there weren’t mre events fr wmen. Als I nticed that just the sight f wmen surfing big waves was pening peple’s minds... That’s really annying.” Luckily, Valenti, Alms, Mller, and Kennelly became a dynamic fursme and decided t stick tgether, supprt each ther, and then fight tgether.
The fur surfers frmed Cmmittee fr Equity in Wmen’s Surfing(CEWS) t fight fr entrance at Mavericks—a cntest set in the surfing lcatin f the same name, nrth f Half Mn Bay. Mavericks was invitatin-nly and was pen t nly men when CEWS was frmed. Nw, thrugh the rganizatin’s hard wrk with the State f Califrnia, wmen are awarded12 spts t surf.
When Valenti was yung, there weren’t many wmen represented in surfing culture. “I think it’s imprtant fr yung kids t have all kinds f rle mdels. That way they knw all the peple wh they see as superheres are just nrmal peple wh have crazy dreams. And smetimes the dreams aren’t even that crazy. If yu wrk hard and yu stick tgether with yur friends, yu can d anything. Yu can mve muntains.”
4．What inspired Valenti t surf big waves?
A. Her gift in learning surfing skills.B. Her near-death experience in 2007.
C. Her curage t challenge men surfers.D. Her ambitin t be the best rle mdel.
5．What des the underlined phrase “fired up” in paragraph 3 mean?
A. Angry.B. Excited.
C. DepressedD. Cncerned.
6．What d we knw abut Mavericks in Valenti’s time?
A. It was named after the bay.
B. All surfers were admitted t it freely.
C. It pened 12 spts fr wmen surfers.
D. Surfers culd nly attend it by invitatin.
7．Which f the fllwing phrases can best describe Valenti?
A. Ambitius and curageus.B. Emtinal and stubbrn.
C. Tugh and impractical.D. Simple-minded and helpful.
Let’s say yu want t purchase a camera, and yu’re cmparing tw different advertisements. In ne, the pictures, clrs, and instructins make the infrmatin easy t read. The ther has an unclear style that takes mre time fr yu t understand. If yu decide t purchase the secnd camera with the mre cnfusing advertisement, new research ut f Rensselaer Plytechnic Institute shws that, ver time, yu’ll likely be happier with yur chice.
In a paper c-authred by Gaurav Jain, an assistant prfessr f marketing in the Lally Schl f Management at Rensselaer, researchers fund that nnstp stimuli (刺激), r the difficulty fr an individual t prcess a message, increases peple’s attitudes tward that message after a time delay.
“This research has a real-life impact,” Jain said. “Mst f the time, marketing cmmunicatrs try t make their message clear. What we learned, hwever, is that there are certain times, especially when peple need t make chices, when we shuld actually use nnstp stimuli s that whatever peple are chsing, they will like it nce time has passed.”
Using primary data cllectin designed by Jain f abut 500 diverse individuals, researchers als fund that cnsumers judge the time spent in the decisin-making prcess wrngly. Rather than recgnizing that the lengthy decisin came frm trying t understand the infrmatin, when lking back n the prcess, cnsumers instead believe they spent the time n making the decisin. This leads the cnsumer t believe the decisin they made was infrmed and wrthy.
These findings are meaningful fr marketing cmmunicatins in many fields.
“When peple are making decisins,” Jain said, “like chsing insurance prducts, retirement funds, r even when chsing an elected fficial, marketers and designers need t remember that if we can make an individual spend sme time in that chsing prcess, it’s mre likely peple will stick with the ptin they chse ver time.”
Jain says that when cnsumers’ attitudes abut a prduct increase, the impact n pst-purchase decisins like returns and reviews f the prduct will be mre favrable t the brand.
8．Hw des the authr intrduce the tpic?
A. By listing figures.B. By giving examples.
C. By using thers’ wrds.D. By shwing peple’s reviews.
9．What shuld marketing cmmunicatrs d accrding t Gaurav Jain?
A. Make their message shrt.B. Make their message attractive.
C. Make their message easy t understand.D. Make their message hard t understand.
10．In which aspect can this discvery be used fr marketers?
A. Writing a paper.B. Selling a prduct.
C. Chsing a camera.D. Designing a new brand.
11．Which f the fllwing culd be the best title fr the text?
A. Time Delay: What is itB. Suggestins t the Marketers
C. Hw t Make Cnsumers HappyD. Difficult Decisin, Satisfactry Chice
Arguably, the biggest science develpment f the year t date has been the images f the very depths f the universe taken by the James Webb Space Telescpe (JWST). Thse images beg a cmparisn between the external and internal universes that science is bent n bserving and understanding.
Decades ag, astrphysicist Carl Sagan famusly said, “The universe is als within is. We’re made f star-stuff. We are a way fr the universe t knw itself. ” He was cmmenting then n the reality that ur internal universe was as cmplex and as fantastic as the uter space.
There are many similarities between the prgress we’ve made in understanding the universe and in piecing tgether life’s inner wrkings. Like the technlgical develpments that tk us frm Galile’s telescpe t the Hubble t the JWST, life science tls have als imprved rapidly. Frm early light micrscpes t mdern super-reslutin nes, these develpments have affrded researchers a deep lk int bilgy’s infinitesimal (无限小的) landscape. Learning that living things were cmpsed f cells was, nt a terribly lng time ag, a revlutinary bservatin. Since then, scientists have been able t dive ever deeper int the cmpnents f life.
Ging beynd merely bserving the cmplicated makeup f rganisms, life scientists can nw discver the wrkings f mlecules (分子). And that is where scanning the universe differs frm peering int bilgy. Understanding the universe, especially frm a functinal standpint, is nt necessarily an immediate urgency. Understanding bilgy n that level is. Simply bserving the amazing internal structure f cells is nt enugh. Bilgists must als characterize hw all thse parts interact and change in different envirnments and when faced with varius challenges. Being able t image a virus r bacterium is nice at the level f basic science. But knwing hw viruses gain entry int cells and spread, infect, and disable can literally save lives. Thrugh time, bilgy has risen t this mechanistic challenge. Nt nly can life science tls prduce images f cell cmpnents, even mre imprtantly, they can help predict the effects f drugs n receptrs, f immune cells n freign invaders (入侵者), and f genetic perturbatins (基因干扰) n develpment and aging.
This is nt t belittle the wrk f scientists researching int universe. They shuld rightly be praised fr delivering views f impssibly distant, impssibly massive phenmena. My aim is t celebrate these accmplishments while at the same time recgnizing that science’s inward search fr detail and insight is equally impressive and, in my view, mre urgent. The utput f bth the utward and inward explratins shuld stimulate wnder in everyne. After all, it’s all star-stuff.
12．Why des the authr qute Carl Sagan’s cmment in Paragraph 2?
A. T intrduce the backgrund.B. T prve an assumptin.
C. T make a cmparisn.D. T present an idea.
13．Like the study f the universe, life science has been advancing in ________.
A. study apprachesB. system management
C. research facilitiesD. technlgy integratin
14．We can infer frm Paragraph 4 that bilgists’ wrk is ________.
A. practicalB. riskyC. flexibleD. ppular
15．As fr life science, which wuld the authr agree with?
A. It has received universal recgnitin.
B. It shuld enjy pririty in develpment.
C. It can be applied in the majrity f areas.
D. It is mre cmplicated than space science.
二、七选五
16．Why Bundaries at Wrk Are Essential
What is a bundary, yu ask? A bundary is a limit defining yu in relatin t smene r smething. ① _______ If yu have infrmed smene that this is yur ffice space, yur desk, r yur chair, yu have attempted t set physical bundaries.
Letting c-wrkers knw yu are nt cmfrtable shaking their hands r hugging them at a hliday party, especially with Cvid at this time, is anther example f setting a physical bundary. It is ften easier t understand a physical bundary. Emtinal r mental bundaries may be subtler (更微妙的). ② _______
Emtinal bundaries are related t ur feelings and hw smething r smene’s behavir affects us. Fr example, if a bss treats yu disrespectfully by yelling at yu r a clleague frequently interrupts yu in meetings, yu are likely t feel hurt, embarrassed, and perhaps angry. Understandably, by having a curageus cnversatin with bth yur bss and c-wrker abut their behavir, the impact it has n yu, and yur expectatins regarding future behavir, yu are setting healthy emtinal bundaries fr yurself at wrk.
Smetimes we set a bundary that is a cmbinatin f bth a physical and emtinal ne. ③ _______ One example f this is being repeatedly asked t wrk late during the week/weekends r while n vacatin. Anther example is being required t see t many clients r patients t the pint we feel tired at the end f the day and exhausted by Friday. Often, the abve wrkplace demands lead t increased stress and a high ptential fr burnut (倦怠) ver time.
Mental bundaries are related t ur beliefs, values, cultural nrms, ethics (道德), and standards. Fr example, yu value a wrkplace culture that treats emplyees and clients with respect and dignity and acts ethically. After six mnths, yu realize that cmpany leaders are repeatedly behaving in ways nt cnsistent with this. ④ _______ Over time, this may lead t significant stress and physical symptms within.
⑤ _______ Bundaries serve many functins. They help prtect us, clarify ur respnsibility, preserve ur physical and emtinal energy, and live ur values and standards. Learning the skill f bundary setting helps empwer us t priritize ur values and well-being and better manage ur stress. Identifying, setting, and maintaining bundaries are skills — valuable skills that, unfrtunately, we are ften nt taught in schl r the wrkplace.
A. Why are bundaries imprtant?
B. Hwever, they are equally, if nt mre, imprtant.
C. Therefre, we need t tell the difference between them.
D. Setting a bundary in the abve example may be quite helpful.
E. Bundaries can be physical, mental, emtinal, tangible, r intangible.
F. Yur values and ethical standards dn’t match with yur cmpany’s, which likely will lead t internal cnflict.
G. Such bundaries ften invlve being asked t d mre than we feel capable f fr an extended perid f time.
三、完形填空（15空）
In Bthell, Washingtn. First, smebdy shwed up with ballns. Then a 1 . Then a big Happy Birthday banner (条幅) 2 next t the Beca’s Cffee stand. And peple just kept shwing up. It was a party — just as Beca had imagined fr her friend Jack. May 10 was his birthday, and she wanted t 3 him.
Jack, 32, brn with develpmental disabilities, lves peple. Beca, 30, thught he was wnderful. S she 4 an arrangement: If he shwed up every day fr an hur and chatted with the custmers at her drive-thrugh windw, she’d give him a free drink. Pretty sn, an hur turned int the whle day. Beca gave him a(n) 5 . “It’s 6 ,” Jack tld KOMO News. “I lve chatting with peple here, and she pays me a lt f mney!”
7 , nt everybdy appreciated Jack’s enthusiasm. “One custmer was extremely 8 ,” she says. 9 this, she psted Jack’s stry n a cmmunity blg and als mentined his appraching birthday. Withut any planning, 10 shwed up t celebrate his birthday, and he 11 everyne with a hug.
Inspired by the spntaneus (自发的) gd spirit, Beca suggested Bthell 12 every May 10 as Cup f Kindness Day. The city agreed. On the first Cup f Kindness Day, Beca 13 her shp and delivered ckies t plice fficers, 14 , teachers and thers “wh serve ther peple”.
If yu want a cup f cffee in Bthell, just head ver t Beca’s. Yu knw yur drink will cme with smething extra-special: 15 .
17．A. cakeB. cardC. phneD. gift
18．A. expandedB. displayedC. prducedD. stretched
19．A. frceB. defineC. surpriseD. teach
20．A. delayedB. suggestedC. cancelledD. exchanged
21．A. breakB. ideaC. careerD. raise
22．A. nrmalB. demandingC. wnderfulD. embarrassing
23．A. CnsequentlyB. HweverC. InsteadD. Finally
24．A. disrespectfulB. dishnestC. dishnrableD. disabled
25．A. Upset abutB. Fnd fC. Related tD. Skeptical abut
26．A. citizensB. clleaguesC. strangersD. neighbrs
27．A. metB. drivenC. greetedD. addressed
28．A. regardB. establishC. treatD. use
29．A. recmmendedB. dnatedC. sharedD. left
30．A. shppersB. driversC. firefightersD. walkers
31．A. respectB. kindnessC. lveD. calmness
四、短文填空
32． Chinese pera ① _______ (date) back t the Tang Dynasty, is ne f the three ldest dramatic art frms in the wrld. During the Qing Dynasty, it became ② _______ (fashin) amng rdinary peple. ③ _______ (perfrm) were watched in tearms, restaurants and even arund makeshift stages.
④ _______ (accmpany) by traditinal musical instruments like the Erhu, the Huqin and the flute, actrs present unique meldies as well as dialgues which are ⑤ _______ (beautiful) written. What appeals ⑥ _______ freigners mst may be the different styles f facial make-up which requires special techniques f painting. This technique may have riginated frm ancient religins and dance. Besides, peple ⑦ _______ (impress) with anther technique, the acrbatics (杂技). Actrs can make fire ut f their muths when they act as ghsts. This reflects ⑧ _______ famus saying amng actrs: “One minute n stage takes ten years f practice.” Over the past 800 years, Chinese pera ⑨ _______ (grw) int many different reginal varieties based n lcal accents. Tday, there are ver 100 impressive reginal pera styles, amng ⑩ _______ is Beijing pera, the best-knwn Chinese pera style frmed frm the mixture f different styles.
五、书面表达
33． 假如你是李华，近期你校开展了以“远离白色污染，拥抱绿色生活”为主题的环保周，你作为志愿者参与了这次活动。请给你的英国朋友Lucas写一封信，内容包括：
1.活动背景及经过；
2.活动的心得体会。
注意：
1.词数100左右；
2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Dear Lucas,
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yurs,
Li Hua
六、读后续写
34．A 92-year-ld hunter getting lst in the wds
Bill McDnnell was ging hunting. Deer seasn had begun, but it was clder than usual. Up until his late 80s, Bill hadn’t minded hunting in sub-zer temperatures, but he had slwed in the past few years. The snw-dusted muntains f the Shenandah Valley were n place fr a 92-year-ld. He knew it. But he had made up his mind t get utside. His wife, Janna McDnnell, knew what he was up t. But this particular day, Janna didn’t even try t talk sense int her husband.
The next mrning, Bill wke up at fur, grabbed his gun, and drve his Jeep tward Shenandah Muntain, a place where he hadn’t hunted fr a lng time. At the end f the ld Laurel Run lgging rad, he hit the trail n ft.
It was abut 7:30 a.m. when the sun peeked (微微露出) thrugh the trees. Bill had strict instructins frm Janna t be ut f the wds by 2 p.m. and hme by 3 p.m. — plenty f time befre sunset, in case he missed the deadline, which he ften did. Nt lng int the hike, he came upn a path he didn’t remember. Maybe this was a secret rute. He tk it.
Then, arund 11 a.m., he emerged (出现) int a clearing alng a valley. It seemed that his path up the muntain had meandered( 蜿蜒) quite a bit. When thughts f shrt-cuts came t mind, Bill culdn’t help himself. “I’ll just be extra careful,” he reasned, and began cutting his wn path. Befre lng, the canyn (峡谷) narrwed t a dead end. The next thing he knew was that he was lst.
He pulled ut his phne, nly t find it had died. He dug int his pants fr the GPS device he always brught in case f emergency and pushed the “n” buttn. Nthing. He had frgtten t charge it. He hadn’t brught a flashlight either. During this perid, he culd hear the sund f a helicpter flying ver his head. He yelled and waved, but in vain. He culdn’t make himself heard.
注意：
1. 续写词数应为150左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Paragraph 1:
It was abut 9:45 p.m. and the sund f the helicpter gradually disappeared in the distance.
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Paragraph 2:
The next mrning, Bill had wken befre dawn.
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
参考答案
1．答案：C
解析：细节理解题。根据Bangkk Flating Markets下列段落中“Bargaining is a part f experience. (讨价还价是体验的一部分。)”可知，在Bangkk Flating Markets，讨价还价是一种体验。故选C项。
2．答案：B
解析：细节理解题。根据Marina Bay Stadium下列段落中“It was a flating platfrm where the Frmula One Grand Prix event was successfully held. (这是一个浮动平台，一级方程式大奖赛在这里成功举行。)”可知，在Marina Bay Stadium举行了一级方程式大奖赛。故选B项。
3．答案：C
解析：细节理解题。根据Marina Bay Stadium下列段落中第一句“This stadium was built as a temprary slutin while Singapre Natinal Stadium was rebuilt. (这座体育场是在重建新加坡国家体育场时临时修建的。)”以及Archipelag Cinema下列段落中最后一句“This cinema stage was built specially fr the film festival Film n the Rcks Ya Ni. (这个电影舞台是为电影节Film n the Rcks Ya Ni而专门建造的。)”可知，它们的共同之处是它们都是出于特殊目的而建造的。故选C项。
4．答案：B
解析：细节理解题。根据第二段的“That was when Valenti knew she had the drive and skill t surf big waves.(那是瓦伦蒂知道她有动力和技巧在大浪中冲浪。)”可知，2007年她的濒死经历激发了瓦伦蒂去冲浪，故选B。
5．答案：A
解析：词句猜测题。根据第三段的“I wanted t have the pprtunity t win mre events, but there weren’t mre events fr wmen. Als I nticed that just the sight f wmen surfing big waves was pening peple’s minds... That’s really annying.(我想有机会赢得更多的项目，但没有更多的女子项目。我还注意到，仅仅是看到女人在大浪中冲浪，就能打开人们的思想……真烦人。 )”可知，当时没有女子冲浪项目，这让她很生气，fired up意为“生气的”，由annying(令人生气的)也可知道答案，故选A。
6．答案：D
解析：细节理解题。根据第四段的“Mavericks was invitatin-nly and was pen t nly men when CEWS was frmed.(在CEWS成立时，Mavericks只能通过邀请参加，且只对男性开放)”可知，只有受到邀请的冲浪者才能参加Mavericks，故选D。
7．答案：A
解析：推理判断题。根据倒数第二段的“Nw, thrugh the rganizatin’s hard wrk with the State f Califrnia, wmen are awarded12 spts t surf.(现在，通过该组织与加利福尼亚州的努力，女性被授予12个冲浪地点。)”和最后一段的“If yu wrk hard and yu stick tgether with yur friends, yu can d anything. Yu can mve muntains.(如果你努力工作，和你的朋友在一起，你可以做任何事。你可以移山。)”可知，Valenti是有抱负的，勇敢的，故选A。
8．答案：B
解析：推理判断题。根据第一段“Let’s say yu want t purchase a camera, and yu’re cmparing tw different advertisements. In ne, the pictures, clrs, and instructins make the infrmatin easy t read. The ther has an unclear style that takes mre time fr yu t understand. If yu decide t purchase the secnd camera with the mre cnfusing advertisement, new research ut f Rensselaer Plytechnic Institute shws that, ver time, yu’ll likely be happier with yur chice. (假设你想买一个相机，你在比较两个不同的广告。其中，图片、颜色和说明使信息易于阅读。另一种风格不清晰，你需要更多时间才能理解。伦斯勒理工学院的一项新研究表明，如果你决定购买第二台广告更令人困惑的相机，随着时间的推移，你可能会对自己的选择感到更满意)”可推知，作者是通过举例(买相机)来引出文章话题的。故选B。
9．答案：D
解析：推理判断题。根据第二段“In a paper c-authred by Gaurav Jain, an assistant prfessr f marketing in the Lally Schl f Management at Rensselaer, researchers fund that nnstp stimuli (刺激), r the difficulty fr an individual t prcess a message, increases peple’s attitudes tward that message after a time delay.(在伦斯勒莱利管理学院营销学助理教授Gaurav Jain合著的一篇论文中，研究人员发现，不间断的刺激，或个体处理信息的困难，会在一段时间延迟后增加人们对该信息的态度)”可以推知，Gaurav Jain建议营销传播者加强他们的信息的难度，让人难以理解。故选D项。
10．答案：B
解析：推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中Jain所说“When peple are making decisins, like chsing insurance prducts, retirement funds, r even when chsing an elected fficial, marketers and designers need t remember that if we can make an individual spend sme time in that chsing prcess, it’s mre likely peple will stick with the ptin they chse ver time. (当人们做决定时，选择保险产品、退休基金，甚至在选择一个民选官员，营销人员和设计师需要记住，如果我们能让一个人花一些时间在选择过程中，更有可能随着时间的推移人们会坚持他们选择的选项。)”可推知，设计师应该在销售产品的时候利用消费者的心理。故选B项。
11．答案：D
解析：主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其根据第一段If yu decide t purchase the secnd camera with the mre cnfusing advertisement, new research ut f Rensselaer Plytechnic Institute shws that, ver time, yu’ll likely be happier with yur chice. (伦斯勒理工学院的一项新研究表明，如果你决定购买第二台广告更令人困惑的相机，随着时间的推移，你可能会对自己的选择感到更满意)以及第四段中“Rather than recgnizing that the lengthy decisin came frm trying t understand the infrmatin, when lking back n the prcess, cnsumers instead believe they spent the time n making the decisin. This leads the cnsumer t believe the decisin they made was infrmed and wrthy. (当回顾这个过程时，消费者并没有意识到这个漫长的决定来自于试图理解信息，而是认为他们花了时间来做这个决定。这使得消费者相信他们所做的决定是明智的和有价值的)”可知，文章介绍了一种心理现象—消费者花更多时间所做出的决定往往会增加其后期的满足感。D项“困难的决定，满意的选择”突出文章主题，适合做标题。故选D项。
12．答案：D
解析：推理判断题。根据第二段中Decades ag，astrphysicist Carl Sagan famusly said，"The universe is als within us.We're made f star-stuff.We are a way fr the universe t knw itself."He was cmmenting then n the reality that ur internal universe was as cmplex and as fantastic as the uter space.（几十年前，天体物理学家卡尔萨根说过一句名言："宇宙也在身体之内。我们是由恒星组成的。我们是宇宙认识自己的一种方式。"他当时的评论是，我们的内部宇宙和外太空一样复杂、一样奇妙。）可知，作者在第2段引用卡尔•萨根的评论，是为了提出一个想法，即我们的身体像宇宙一样复杂和奇妙，故选D。
13．答案：C
解析：细节理解题。根据第三段Like the technlgical develpments that tk us frm Galile's telescpe t the Hubble t the JWST，life science tls have als imprved rapidly.Frm early light micrscpes t mdern super-reslutin nes，these develpments have affrded researchers a deep lk int bilgy's infinitesimal（无限小的）landscape.（就像将我们从伽利略望远镜带到哈勃望远镜再到JWST的技术发展一样，生命科学工具也得到了快速改进。从早期的光学显微镜到现代的超分辨率显微镜，这些发展使研究人员能够深入观察生物学的微小景观。）可知，就像对宇宙的研究一样，生命科学的研究设施也在不断发展，故选C。
14．答案：A
解析：推理判断题。根据第四段中Bilgists must als characterize hw all thse parts interact and change in different envirnments and when faced with varius challenges. Being able t image a virus r bacterium is nice at the level f basic science. But knwing hw viruses gain entry int cells and spread，infect，and disable can literally save lives. Thrugh time，bilgy has risen t this mechanistic challenge. Nt nly can life science tls prduce images f cell cmpnents，even mre imprtantly，they can help predict the effects f drugs n receptrs，f immune cells n freign invaders （入侵者），and f genetic perturbatins（基因干扰）n develpment and aging.（生物学家还必须描述所有这些部分在不同环境中以及在面临各种挑战时是如何相互作用和变化的。能够对病毒或细菌进行成像在基础科学水平上是很好的。但了解病毒如何进入细胞并传播、感染和致残可以真正拯救生命。随着时间的推移，生物学已经适应了这一机械挑战生命科学工具可以产生细胞成分的图像，更重要的是，它们可以帮助预测药物对受体的影响，免疫细胞对外来入侵者的影响，以及基因扰动对发育和衰老的影响。）可知，生物学家的工作是很实用的，故选A。
15．答案：B
解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段My aim is t celebrate these accmplishments while at the same time recgnizing that science's inward search fr detail and insight is equally impressive and，in my view，mre urgent.（我的目标是庆祝这些成就，同时认识到科学对细节和洞察力的内在探索同样令人印象深刻，在我看来更为紧迫。）可知，作者认为生命科学应优先发展，故选B。
16．答案：EBGFA
解析：①根据下文“If yu have infrmed smene that this is yur ffice space, yur desk, r yur chair, yu have attempted t set physical bundaries.(如果你告诉别人这是你的办公室，你的桌子，或你的椅子，你已经试图设置物理边界)”可知，此处在讲述界限的类型。由此可知，E. Bundaries can be physical, mental, emtinal, tangible, r intangible.(界限可以是身体上的、精神上的、情感上的、有形的或无形的)能够衔接下文，符合此处语境。故选E。
②根据上文“It is ften easier t understand a physical bundary. Emtinal r mental bundaries may be subtler (更微妙的).(物理边界通常更容易理解。情感或精神界限可能更加微妙)”可知，此处在对比物理边界和情感或精神界限。由此可知，B. Hwever, they are equally, if nt mre, imprtant.(然而，它们即使不是更重要，也同样重要)能够承接上文，其中they指代上文中的“物理边界和情感或精神界限”，符合此处语境。故选B。
③根据下文“One example f this is being repeatedly asked t wrk late during the week/weekends r while n vacatin. Anther example is being required t see t many clients r patients t the pint we feel tired at the end f the day and exhausted by Friday.(其中一个例子就是反复被要求在工作日/周末或假期加班。另一个例子是，我们被要求看太多的客户或病人，以至于我们在一天结束时感到疲惫，到周五就筋疲力尽了)”可知，此处讲述的是我们会被要求做一些超出我们感觉能力范围的事情。由此可知，G. Such bundaries ften invlve being asked t d mre than we feel capable f fr an extended perid f time.(这种界限经常包括在很长一段时间内被要求做一些超出我们感觉能力范围的事情)能够衔接下文，符合此处语境。故选G。
④根据上文“Fr example, yu value a wrkplace culture that treats emplyees and clients with respect and dignity and acts ethically. After six mnths, yu realize that cmpany leaders are repeatedly behaving in ways nt cnsistent with this.(例如，你看重一种尊重员工和客户、行为合乎道德的职场文化。六个月后，你意识到公司领导的行为一再与此不一致)”据常识可知，当个人价值观和道德标准与公司不一致时，可能会导致内部冲突。由此可知，F. Yur values and ethical standards dn’t match with yur cmpany’s, which likely will lead t internal cnflict.(你的价值观和道德标准与公司不一致，这可能会导致内部冲突)能够承接上文，符合此处语境。故选F。
⑤根据下文“Bundaries serve many functins. They help prtect us, clarify ur respnsibility, preserve ur physical and emtinal energy, and live ur values and standards.(边界有很多功能。它们有助于保护我们，明确我们的责任，保持我们的身体和情感能量，并实现我们的价值观和标准)”可知，本段主要介绍的是边界对我们很重要。由此可知，A. Why are bundaries imprtant? (为什么界限很重要？)能够统领本段，符合此处语境。故选A。
17．答案：A
解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：然后是蛋糕。A. cake蛋糕；B. card卡片；C. phne电话；D. gift礼物。根据下文“Then a big Happy Birthday banner”可知，这是个生日聚会的场景，应该会有一个生日蛋糕。故选A。
18．答案：D
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：然后，一个大大的生日快乐横幅在贝卡咖啡摊旁边展开来。A. expanded扩大；B. displayed展示；C. prduced产生；D. stretched延展。根据上文“Then a big Happy Birthday banner”可知，此处指生日快乐的横幅展开来，stretched“延展”符合语境。故选D。
19．答案：C
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：5月10日是他的生日，她想给他一个惊喜。A. frce强迫；B. define定义；C. surprise使惊喜;D. teach教。根据上文“May 10 was his birthday”可知，这天是杰克的生日，贝卡应该是想给杰克惊喜。故选C。
20．答案：B
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：所以她提议了一个安排：如果他每天在她的免下车购物窗口出现一个小时，和顾客聊天，她就给他一杯免费的饮料。A. delayed推迟；B. suggested提议；C. cancelled取消；D. exchanged交换。根据下文“If he shwed up every day fr an hur and chatted with the custmers at her drive-thrugh windw, she’d give him a free drink”可推知，贝卡应该是向杰克提议了一个安排，如果杰克每天和她的顾客聊天一小时，她就送他一杯免费的饮料。故选B。
21．答案：D
解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：贝卡给他加薪了。A. break休息；B. idea想法；C. career事业；D. raise加薪。根据下文“I lve chatting with peple here, and she pays me a lt f mney!”可知，贝卡付给了杰克很多钱，所以应该是给他加薪了。故选D。
22．答案：C
解析：考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这很棒。A. nrmal正常的；B. demanding苛刻的；C. wnderful极好的；D. embarrassing尴尬的。根据下文“I lve chatting with peple here”可知，杰克很喜欢与客人聊天这件事，所以应该是觉得非常棒。故选C。
23．答案：B
解析：考查副词词义辨析。句意：然而，并不是每个人都欣赏杰克的热情。A. Cnsequently结果；B. Hwever然而；C. Instead相反；D. Finally最后。根据下文“nt everybdy appreciated Jack’s enthusiasm”可知，并非所有人都欣赏杰克的热情，此处和上文杰克的开心形成了转折，应用Hwever“然而”。故选B。
24．答案：A
解析：考查形容词词义辨析。句意：一位顾客非常无礼。A. disrespectful无礼的；B. dishnest不诚实的；C. dishnrable不光彩的；D. disabled残废的。根据上文“nt everybdy appreciated Jack’s enthusiasm”可知，并非所有人都欣赏杰克的热情，所以一位顾客应该是非常无礼。故选A。
25．答案：A
解析：考查形容词短语词义辨析。句意：对此，她很难过，她在社区博客上发布了杰克的故事，还提到了他即将到来的生日。A. Upset abut为……难过；B. Fnd f喜欢；C. Related t与……有关；D. Skeptical abut怀疑。根据上文“nt everybdy appreciated Jack’s enthusiasm”可知，并非所有人都欣赏杰克的热情，所以贝卡应该会对此感到难过。故选A。
26．答案：D
解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：没有任何计划，邻居们都来为他庆祝生日，他和每个人都拥抱打招呼。A. citizens公民；B. clleagues同事；C. strangers陌生人；D. neighbrs邻居。根据上文“she psted Jack’s stry n a cmmunity blg”可知，贝卡在社区博客上分享了杰克的故事，所以出现的应该是社区的邻居们。故选D。
27．答案：C
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：没有任何计划，邻居们都来为他庆祝生日，他和每个人都拥抱打招呼。A. met遇到；B. driven驱赶；C. greeted打招呼；D. addressed致辞。根据下文“with a hug”可推知，杰克应该是用拥抱的方式和邻居们打招呼。故选C。
28．答案：B
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：受到自发的善良精神的启发，贝卡建议博塞尔将每年的5月10日定为“善意杯日”。A. regard认为；B. establish建立；C. treat对待；D. use使用。根据下文“every May 10 as Cup f Kindness Day”可推知，贝卡应该是建议博塞尔市政府将杰克的生日这一天设立为“善意之日”。故选B。
29．答案：D
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：在第一个“善意杯日”，贝卡离开了她的店，给警察、消防员、老师和其他“为他人服务的人”送去了饼干。A. recmmended推荐；B. dnated捐赠；C. shared共享；D. left离开。根据下文delivered ckies t plice fficers, ________, teachers and thers “wh serve ther peple”可知，贝卡会给这些服务他人的人送饼干，所以应该是离开自己的店。故选D。
30．答案：C
解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：在第一个“善意杯日”，贝卡离开了她的店，给警察、消防员、老师和其他“为他人服务的人”送去了饼干。A. shppers购物者；B. drivers司机；C. firefighters消防员；D. walkers步行者。根据下文“wh serve ther peple”可知，贝卡是给这些服务他人的人送饼干，所以应该包括消防员。故选C。
31．答案：B
解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：你知道你的饮料会带来一些特别的东西：善意。A. respect尊重；B. kindness善良；C. lve爱；D. calmness冷静。结合上文贝卡帮助杰克，社区的邻居们为杰克过生日，以及“Cup f Kindness Day”可知，文章主要体现的是善意这一主题，所以kindness“善良”符合语境。故选B。
32．答案：dating; fashinable; Perfrmances; Accmpanied; beautifully; t; are impressed; a; has grwn; which
解析：①考查非谓语动词。句意：中国戏剧的历史可以追溯到唐代，是世界上最古老的三大戏剧艺术之一。分析句子可知，句子主干成分完整，空处为非谓语动词，作句子的伴随状语，逻辑主语Chinese pera和date之间是主谓关系，应用date的现在分词形式dating。故填dating。
②考查形容词。句意：在清朝，它在普通百姓中流行起来。分析句子可知，空处作句子的表语，应用fashin的形容词形式fashinable，意为“流行的”。故填fashinable。
③考查名词复数。句意：人们在茶室、餐馆甚至临时搭建的舞台周围观看表演。分析句子可知，空处作句子的主语，是watched的对象，应用perfrm的名词形式perfrmance，意为“表演”，空后有were，perfrmance应用复数形式，且空处位于句首，首字母需大写。故填Perfrmances。
④考查非谓语动词。句意：在传统乐器如二胡、胡琴和长笛的伴奏下，演员们呈现出独特的曲子和优美的对白。分析句子可知，句子主干成分完整，空处为非谓语动词，作句子的伴随状语，accmpany和逻辑主语actrs之间是动宾关系，应用accmpany的过去分词形式accmpanied，且空处位于句首，首字母需大写。故填Accmpanied。
⑤考查副词。句意：在传统乐器如二胡、胡琴和长笛的伴奏下，演员们呈现出独特的曲子和优美的对白。分析句子可知，空处修饰从句中的表语written，作状语，应用beautiful的副词形式beautifully，意为“优美地”。故填beautifully。
⑥考查介词。句意：最吸引外国人的可能是不同风格的面部化妆，这需要特殊的绘画技巧。根据“appeals”可知，此处用固定短语appeal t，意为“吸引”，空处应用介词t。故填t。
⑦考查时态语态和主谓一致。句意：此外，人们对另一种技艺——杂技也印象深刻。分析句子可知，空处作句子的谓语，句子描述的一般性的事实，应用一般现在时，且主语peple和impress之间是被动关系，应用一般现在时的被动语态，主语为复数，be动词用are。故填are impressed。
⑧考查冠词。句意：这反映了演员之间的一句名言：“台上一分钟，台下十年功。”分析句子可知，空处表示泛指，意为“一个，一句”，应用不定冠词，且famus以辅音音素开头，应用a。故填a。
⑨考查时态和主谓一致。句意：在过去的800年里，中国戏剧根据地方口音发展成许多不同的地方戏剧。分析句子可知，空处作句子的谓语，时间状语为Over the past 800 years，句子应用现在完成时，且主语Chinese pera为单数，助动词用has。故填has grwn。
⑩考查定语从句。句意：今天，有100多种令人印象深刻的地方戏剧风格，其中最著名的是京剧，它是由不同风格混合而成的。分析句子可知，空处引导非限制性定语从句，补充说明先行词reginal pera styles，先行词为物，从句中amng缺少宾语，应用关系代词which。故填which。
33．答案：Dear Lucas,
Hw is it ging?
Recently, a campaign whse tpic is “Stay Away frm White Pllutin, Embrace Green Life” was carried ut in ur schl t battle white pllutin and develp a green cmmunity. As yu knw, white pllutin negatively impacts the natural envirnment and the well-being f bth animals and humans. Firstly, we cleaned up plastic waste at and arund the campus. What’s mre, we called n residents t use recyclable items instead f plastic bags and prvide them with free cttn bags.
I really appreciate this experience as it raised my awareness f white pllutin. I’d avid using dispsable plastics and prmpt thers t d the same.
Have yu ever participate in similar events? Please write and tell me.
Lking frward t yur reply.
Yurs,
Li Hua
解析：
34．答案： It was abut 9:45 p.m. and the sund f the helicpter gradually disappeared in the distance. Bill guessed they wuldn’t be back until mrning. He tried t g t bed but culdn’t quiet his head. He lst sleep because he’d taken ne t many shrt-cuts. And Janna — his ld lady was prbably terrified. He wanted s badly t get up and walk thrugh the darkness, but he knew he’d nly end up in mre truble. At the same time, after the helicpter returned empty-handed, the rescue team called ff the aerial search until the first light. But shrtly after midnight, the cunty’s ffice gave a call t them, ffering t send ut its search-and-rescue drne in the early mrning.
The next mrning, Bill had wken befre dawn. He went back t replaying his wrng turns and imagining his wife’s despair. Just after 7 a.m. the sky lightened and the thicket arund him began t reappear. After abut 15 minutes, Bill came t a spt where he culd mre clearly see the landscape arund him. In the camera f the drne, a nen-range dt was mving beneath the line f trees. The peratr zmed his camera in and saw that the range dt was the hunter’s cap. “I think we have him!” he shuted. The ld man was finally saved by the plice drne, and the family was grateful. Bill agreed t swear he wuldn’t g ut hunting r hiking alne again.
解析：