译林版高中英语选择性必修第三册分层跟踪检测(一)UNIT 2 含答案

这是一份译林版高中英语选择性必修第三册分层跟踪检测(一)UNIT 2 含答案，共9页。
UNIT 2分层跟踪检测(一)Welcome to the unit & ReadingA级 必备知识基础练Ⅰ.单句语法填空1.You should have accounted for your 　　　　　　(absent) for two days’ off,but you kept silent at that moment. 2.You had better put down your goals on paper where they are 　　　　　　(vision) so that they can help to monitor your progress. 3.She wants to have an 　　　　　　　(occupy) where her management skills can be put to good use. 4.I have given up my flat in Paris because I’m going to live 　　　　　　　(permanent) in London. 5.There is no doubt that the protection of folk culture is 　　　　　　great significance. 6.In addition to the lunar program,China’s 　　　　　　　(astronaut) have entered the space station of the country’s own construction many times. 7.The vaccination program will also cover those who plan to work or study in countries and regions with medium or high risks 　　　　　　　(expose) to the virus. 8.It 　　　　　　(bother) me to think of her alone in that big house. 9.Since the late 1990s,across huge areas of the tropics,coral reefs have suffered a catastrophic loss of life and 　　　　　　(vital). 10.The spoken word is immediate but lacks 　　　　　　　(permanent). Ⅱ.短语填空cast new light on,in view of,in the circumstances,differ from,come to an end,lead to,take place,at a speed of1.Despite a weight of up to 300 kg,the bears can run 　　　　　　　　　　64 km/h. 2.　　　　　　　　　　　　,his words were of little comfort. 3.What kind of changes would 　　　　　　　　　　　if cats,rats and rabbits were introduced to an environment like this? 4.Human facial expressions 　　　　　　　　　those of animals in the degree to which they can be controlled. 5.Recent research has 　　　　　　　　　　　the causes of the disease. 6.The English corner did not 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　until about ten o’clock last night. 7.We’ll have to revise our original plan 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　the present situation. 8.When stress gets out of control,it can 　　　　　　　　　　　　　poor performance and ill health. Ⅲ.单句写作1.失去两个重要的选手是一个巨大的挑战。(动名词短语作主语)　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　was a big challenge. 2.有那么多不同形式的诗歌可以选择,学生可能最终想写自己的诗。(with的复合结构)　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　,the students are eventually likely to write poetry of their own. 3.维持公司的好名誉是很重要的。(of+n.)　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　to keep up the good reputation of the firm. 4.尽管林天十分努力,但他做的工作似乎永远不能令人满意。(as)　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　,he never seems able to do the work satisfactorily. 5.在攀岩的时候,你需要保持非常专注,这样你就不会犯任何危险的错误。(so that)While rock-climbing,you need to remain very focused 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　. B级 能力素养提升练Ⅳ.阅读理解AScientists have found evidence of a giant planet far out in our solar system.In a statement,the California Institute of Technology—Caltech—said this planet travels in a strange orbit in the distant solar system.The discovery was made by two researchers at Caltech:Konstantin Batygin and Mike Brown.They used mathematical modelling and computer simulations to find the planet.So far,there have not been any direct observations of the planet.“My jaw hit the floor,” said astronomer Mike Brown when he realized there might be a ninth planet. The scientists said it would take the planet 10,000 to 20,000 years just to make one full orbit around the sun.The new planet which is called “Planet Nine” has a mass about 10 times the size of the earth.If they are right,the newly-found planet will be the ninth planet in our solar system.It is believed that the planet orbits,or travels,around the sun from a great distance.The planet Neptune’s average distance to the sun is about 4.5 billion kilometres.But “Planet Nine” could be 20 times farther away from the sun than that.While they did not get a picture of “Planet Nine” yet,the scientists say they are using the biggest and the best telescopes on earth to try to find “Planet Nine”.They want to find out more about its orbit and its impact on the outer part of our solar system.Brown and Batygin reported their findings in the Astronomical Journal.They say that this new planet is so large that there should be no doubt that it is a true planet.Robert Massey is with the Royal Astronomical Society in London.He said that the planet had been predicted before,and then was not found.But he said the work of these researchers was definitely worth following up.1.“Planet Nine” is thought to exist because 　　　. A.scientists have got a picture of itB.astronomers once discovered it in spaceC.scientists have discovered it by using a simulating methodD.researchers have found it by using the most advanced telescopes2.The underlined sentence(Para.3,Line 1) means 　　 A.he fell on the floor.B.it was a blow to him.C.he hurt his jaw badly.D.he was surprised by the discovery.3.The author refers to Neptune in the text to 　　　. A.prove there are many planets in the solar systemB.indicate “Planet Nine” is too far from the sunC.suggest it is hard for “Planet Nine” to orbitD.imply “Planet Nine” is larger than Neptune4.What is the best title for the text?A.Have the Scientists Discovered A New Planet?B.Is the Ninth Planet Far From the Solar System?C.Is There A Ninth Planet in Our Solar System?D.Has Any Evidence Been Found for the Ninth Planet?B(2023辽宁高二凤城第一中学校联考期中)Shenzhou ⅩⅤ astronauts moved into the Tiangong space station on Nov.30 as they started their six-month stay.The station orbits Earth in about 90 minutes at an altitude of 400 kilometres.The temperature changes greatly,ranging from 150℃ when the station is exposed to the sun to -100℃ when over the night side of the planet.On Earth,we have heating systems or air conditioners at home to keep us warm.In Tiangong,what do they have?The answer lies in the designs of thermal(热量的)control system by the China Academy of Space Technology.The fluid loop(流体回路),with liquid circulating(循环)through its pipes,is one of the technologies used.“Just like the blood vessels(血管)in the human body,the loop pipes run all over the station modules(舱),” Huang Lei,one of the designers of the system,told Xinhua.“They maintain a temperature balance by removing heat from the parts that tend to overheat and adding heat to other components that tend to get cold,” Huang added.For the material outside,scientists have developed a silver-colored metallic-based coating to keep a balance between the deep freeze of space and the sun’s heat.It is similar to coating the spaceship with “sunscreen”.The coating can not only absorb less solar energy but also block heat release from the inside.Being able to do this double duty job,the coating keeps the environment inside between 18 and 26℃,allowing astronauts to stay comfortably in their orbiting home.It was first used on the Shenzhou spaceship,which was launched on Oct.16,2021.Cargo(货物)spacecraft adopts another kind of design—multilayer insulation(多层隔热组件).For example,the Tianzhou 4’s cargo cabin was given a gray colored material to absorb more sunlight for human activities.Another part that was filled with equipment was painted with a white material to cool off.5.What can we learn about the Tiangong space station from the first two paragraphs?A.It orbits the sun at a high speed.B.It is about 150 kilometres away from Earth.C.It has a heating system to keep warm.D.It goes through sharp temperature changes.6.What is the main function of the loop pipes?A.Supplying energy.B.Balancing temperature.C.Reducing pressure.D.Controlling speed.7.How does the silver-colored metallic-based coating work?A.By reflecting all the sunlight.B.By producing and releasing heat.C.By changing the sun’s heat into power.D.By absorbing heat and preventing heat loss.8.What is the last paragraph mainly about?A.The launch of a cargo spacecraft.B.A new recently designed spacecraft.C.Other materials used outside the cargo spacecraft.D.The difference of the Tianzhou 4’s cargo cabin.Ⅴ.七选五Some of the world’s most important scientists think the idea of people living on Mars will come true one day.　1　 Robert Zubrin,a rocket scientist,agrees and thinks starting with Mars makes the most sense. However,scientists will need to terraform(地球化)Mars for people to be able to live,which means changing the environment on Mars so that it is similar to Earth’s.One of the main goals of terraforming Mars is to warm it up because the average temperature is about -60℃.　2　 This could take many centuries.However,it should lead to rainfall and growth of plants,resulting in more air for people to breathe. Another big concern for scientists is whether humans can move to Mars and still stay healthy in mind and body.As a test,six people lived in a Mars-like environment in Hawaii for a year before “returning to Earth” recently.　3　 Some people living there said that one of the biggest issues was feeling bored.So humans on Mars would always need to keep themselves busy with various activities.　4　 One particular organization is planning to send the first humans to Mars before 2030.The organization believes that its project is giving people worldwide the chance to be part of the first human crew ever to live on Mars for good.　5　 Regardless,it seems that humans living on Mars may well happen a lot sooner than people believe. A.However,many experts think it can cost too much money.B.Stephen Hawking believed humans must move into space to survive.C.NASA believes new astronauts should be chosen for future missions without delay.D.One idea for warming Mars is to build factories there that produce greenhouse gases.E.It will prevent us from learning about the ability of humans to live in a different environment.F.It was a 1,200-square-foot room that was on the side of a volcano and used the sun for energy.G.Another important thing was that the people living together should all be able to get along and work together.分层跟踪检测(一)Welcome to the unit & ReadingⅠ.1.absence　2.visible　3.occupation　4.permanently5.of　6.astronauts　7.exposure　8.bothers　9.vitality10.permanenceⅡ.1.at a speed of　2.In the circumstances　3.take place4.differ from　5.cast new light on　6.come to an end　7.in view of　8.lead toⅢ.1.Losing two important players　2.With so many different forms of poetry to choose from　3.It’s of great importance4.Hard as Lin Tian tries　5.so that you won’t make any dangerous errorsⅣ.【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了科学家们在太阳系中发现了“第九行星”存在的证据,介绍了他们是如何发现这颗行星的以及这颗行星的一些基本情况。1.C　细节理解题。根据第二段第二句“They used mathematical modelling and computer simulations to find the planet.”可知,“第九行星”之所以被认为存在,是因为科学家们通过模拟方法发现了它。故选C项。2.D　句意猜测题。根据第二段可知,两位研究人员在没有对行星进行直接观测的情况下就寻找到了这颗行星,对此应当是感到惊讶的。画线句直译为“我的下巴掉在了地上”,表明非常惊讶。故选D项。3.B　推理判断题。根据第五段可知,人们相信这颗行星从很远的地方绕着太阳运行。海王星到太阳的平均距离约为45亿千米。但“第九行星”离太阳的距离可能是它的20倍。由此可推断,作者在文中提到海王星是为了说明“第九行星”离太阳更远。故选B项。4.C　标题概括题。文章主要说明了科学家们在太阳系中发现了“第九行星”的证据,介绍了他们是如何发现这颗行星的以及这颗行星的一些基本情况。因此,本文的最佳标题应是“太阳系中有第九颗行星吗?”。故选C项。【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要解释了天宫空间站是如何维持内部温度平衡的。5.D　细节理解题。根据文章第一段中的“The temperature changes greatly,ranging from 150℃ when the station is exposed to the sun to -100℃ when over the night side of the planet.”可知,天宫空间站经历了剧烈的温度变化。故选D项。6.B　推理判断题。根据文章第四段可知,环管就像人体内的血管一样,遍布空间站的各个模块,通过帮助过热的部件散热以及向容易变冷的部件增加热量来保持温度平衡。故选B项。7.D　细节理解题。根据文章第六段中的“The coating can not only absorb less solar energy but also block heat release from the inside.”可知,这种银色的金属基涂层可以吸收热量以及防止热量散失。故选D项。8.C　主旨大意题。根据文章最后一段可知,本段主要介绍了天舟四号的货舱外部使用的其他用来隔热的材料。故选C项。Ⅴ.【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。很多科学家正在研究将火星“地球化”,使人类得以生存,一个特别的组织计划在2030年前将第一批人类送上火星。1.B　根据下文可知,火箭科学家罗伯特·祖布林对此表示同意,并认为从火星开始最有意义。由此可推断,该空是罗伯特·祖布林对另一个人的观点表示同意,B项表明斯蒂芬·霍金的观点。故选B项。2.D　根据上文可知,火星地球化的主要目标之一是使其升温,因为其平均温度约为-60℃,不利于人类生存,因此,D项承接上文,阐述了使火星升温变暖的方法是建造制造温室气体的工厂,且该选项中的“warming”与上文中的“warm”相呼应。故选D项。3.F　根据上文可知,作为一项测试,六个人在夏威夷类似火星的环境中生活了一年,直到最近“返回地球”;根据下文可知,一些住在那里的人说,最大的问题之一是感到无聊。由此可推断,该空应该阐述这六个人具体生活的环境是怎样的,因此,F项符合语境。该选项中的“room”对应下文中的“living there”。故选F项。4.G　根据上文六个人在夏威夷类似火星的环境中生活了一年,反馈了一些问题可知,接下来很可能提到另一些问题,因此,G项符合语境,该选项提到另一个问题是住在一起的人都应该能够相处,且该选项中的“Another important thing”与上文“one of the biggest issues”相呼应。故选G项。5.A　根据上文可知,一个特别的组织计划在2030年前将第一批人类送上火星。由此可推断,该空将阐述这个计划可能会产生的问题,承接上文,A项符合语境,阐述这个计划可能会花费太多的钱。故选A项。