浙教版七年级数学下册专题3.7整式的除法运算(专项训练)(原卷版+解析)
展开1.计算:
(1)(9x5+12x3﹣6x)÷3x; (2)(﹣2x+1)(3x﹣2).
2.计算:
(1)3x2(2x﹣1); (2)(12a3﹣6a2+3a)÷3a.
3.计算:
(1)(x﹣3)(x+1); (2)(15a2b﹣10ab2)÷5ab.
4.计算:
(1)3y•5y2; (2)(15y2﹣5y)÷5y.
5.计算:
(1)a2(5a﹣3b); (2)(m2n+2m3n﹣3m2n2)÷(m2n).
6.计算:(12x3﹣18x2+6x)÷(﹣6x).
7.计算:.
7.计算:[4y(2x﹣y)+2x(y﹣2x)]÷(4x﹣2y).
8.计算:
(1)a3•a•a4+(﹣2a4)2+(a2)4;
(2)(a4b7﹣a2b6)÷(﹣ab3)2.
10.计算:
(1)(4a2b+6a2b2﹣ab2)÷2ab; (2)(2x+1)(3x2﹣2x+2).
11.计算:(12a4﹣4a3﹣8a2)÷(2a)2.
12.计算:
(1)(8x3y2﹣4x2y2)÷(2xy)2; (2)(x﹣3)4÷(x﹣3)2.
13.计算:[x(x2y2﹣xy)﹣y(x2﹣x3y)]÷3x2y.
14.(2023秋•沙坪坝区期末)计算:
(1)a8÷a2﹣a•a5+(a2)3; (2)[(x+y)(x﹣y)﹣x(x﹣2y)]÷y.
15.(2023秋•汉南区校级期末)计算:
(1)(﹣a2)2b2÷4a4b2; (2)(x+2)2+(x+2)(x﹣2)﹣2x2.
16.(2023秋•雄县校级期末)计算:
(1); (2)(﹣m+n)(m+n)﹣(m﹣2n)2.
17.(2023秋•邯山区校级期末)计算:
(1)(a+2b)(a﹣2b)﹣(a﹣b)2; (2)﹣2x2x4﹣(﹣3x3)2﹣x9÷x3.
18.(2023秋•灵宝市校级期末)计算:
(1)(15x2y﹣10xy2)÷5xy; (2)(2x﹣1)2﹣(2x+5)(2x﹣5);
(3)[2a2•8a2+(2a)3﹣4a2]÷2a.
19.(2023秋•天山区校级期末)计算:
(1)4a4b3÷(﹣2ab)2; (2)(3x﹣y)2﹣(3x+2y)(3x﹣2y).
20.(2023秋•番禺区校级期末)计算:
(1)(﹣a2)3•(3a)2; (2)4(x+1)2﹣(2x+3)(2x﹣3).
21.(2023秋•阿瓦提县期末)计算
(1)x3y3÷(xy)2. (2)[(xy﹣2)(xy+2)﹣2x2y2+4]÷(xy).
22.(2023秋•宝山区期末)计算:(21x6y6﹣42x5y4)÷7x5y3+2y.
23.(2023秋•越秀区校级期末)计算:[(x﹣y)2﹣(x+3y)(x﹣3y)]÷2y.
24.(2023秋•和平区校级期末)化简
(1)(5x+2y)(3x﹣2y) (2)(2a﹣1)(2a+1)﹣a(4a﹣3)
25.(2023秋•平城区校级期末)计算:
(1)a4+(﹣2a2)3﹣a8÷a4; (2)(m+3n)(m﹣3n)+(2m﹣3n)2.
26(2023秋•宽城区校级期末)计算
(1)(2m2﹣m)2÷(﹣m2); (2)(y+2)(y﹣2)﹣(y﹣1)(y+5).
27.(2023秋•洪山区校级期末)计算:
(1)a3•a+(﹣3a3)2÷a2; (2)(2a+b)(2a﹣b)﹣2(a﹣b)2.
28.(2023•蒲城县一模)计算:(﹣3)﹣2=( )
A.9B.C.D.﹣9
29.(2023春•镇巴县期末)计算﹣3﹣2的结果是( )
A.﹣9B.﹣6C.D.
30.(2023春•江都区月考)若,则a、b、c大小关系正确的是( )
A.a<b<cB.b<a<cC.a<c<bD.b<c<a
31.(雨花台区校级期末)计算:﹣(3×2﹣4)0+(﹣)﹣3﹣4﹣2×(﹣)﹣3.
32.(2023秋•开远市期末)计算:﹣()2×9﹣2×(﹣)÷+4×(﹣0.5)2
33.(顺义区期末)计算:(﹣1)﹣2018+()2﹣(π﹣4)0﹣3﹣2;
34.(2023•高淳区二模)计算:.
35.(普宁市期末)计算:0.25×(﹣2)﹣2÷(16)﹣1﹣(π﹣3)0.
36.(南海区期末)计算:(﹣1)2018+(﹣)﹣2﹣()0+16×2﹣3
专题3.7 整式的除法运算(专项训练)
1.计算:
(1)(9x5+12x3﹣6x)÷3x;
(2)(﹣2x+1)(3x﹣2).
【解答】解:(1)(9x5+12x3﹣6x)÷3x=3x4+4x2﹣2;
(2)(﹣2x+1)(3x﹣2)
=﹣6x2+4x+3x﹣2
=﹣6x2+7x﹣2.
2.计算:
(1)3x2(2x﹣1);
(2)(12a3﹣6a2+3a)÷3a.
【解答】解:(1)原式=6x3﹣3x2.
(2)原式=4a2﹣2a+1.
3.计算:
(1)(x﹣3)(x+1);
(2)(15a2b﹣10ab2)÷5ab.
【解答】解:(1)原式=x2+x﹣3x﹣3
=x2﹣2x﹣3.
(2)原式=15a2b÷5ab﹣10ab2÷5ab
=3a﹣2b.
4.计算:
(1)3y•5y2;
(2)(15y2﹣5y)÷5y.
【解答】解:(1)原式=3×5(y•y2)
=15y3;
(2)原式=15y2÷5y﹣5y÷5y
=3y﹣1.
5.计算:
(1)a2(5a﹣3b);
(2)(m2n+2m3n﹣3m2n2)÷(m2n).
【解答】解:(1)原式=5a3﹣3a2b;
(2)(m2n+2m3n﹣3m2n2)÷(m2n)
=m2n÷m2n+2m3n÷m2n﹣3m2n2÷m2n
=1+2m﹣3n.
6.计算:(12x3﹣18x2+6x)÷(﹣6x).
【解答】解:(12x3﹣18x2+6x)÷(﹣6x)=﹣2x2+3x﹣1.
7.计算:.
【解答】解:原式=3x2y2÷xy﹣2xy2÷xy+xy÷xy
=6xy﹣4y+2.
7.计算:[4y(2x﹣y)+2x(y﹣2x)]÷(4x﹣2y).
【解答】解:[4y(2x﹣y)+2x(y﹣2x)]÷(4x﹣2y)
=[4y(2x﹣y)﹣2x(2x﹣y)]÷[2(2x﹣y)]
=2(2x﹣y)(2y﹣x)÷[2(2x﹣y)]
=2y﹣x.
8.计算:
(1)a3•a•a4+(﹣2a4)2+(a2)4;
(2)(a4b7﹣a2b6)÷(﹣ab3)2.
【解答】解:(1)原式=a3+1+4+(﹣2)2a4×2+a2×4
=a8+4a8+a8
=6a8;
(2)原式=(a4b7﹣a2b6)÷()
=(a4b7)÷()﹣(a2b6)÷()
=24a2b﹣4.
10.计算:
(1)(4a2b+6a2b2﹣ab2)÷2ab; (2)(2x+1)(3x2﹣2x+2).
【解答】解:(1)(4a2b+6a2b2﹣ab2)÷2ab
=4a2b÷2ab+6a2b2÷2ab﹣ab2÷2ab
=2a+3ab﹣.
(2)(2x+1)(3x2﹣2x+2)
=2x•3x2+2x•(﹣2x)+2x•2+1•3x2+1•(﹣2x)+1×2
=6x3﹣4x2+4x+3x2﹣2x+2
=6x3﹣x2+2x+2.
11.计算:(12a4﹣4a3﹣8a2)÷(2a)2.
【解答】解:原式=(12a4﹣4a3﹣8a2)÷4a2
=3a2﹣a﹣2.
12.计算:
(1)(8x3y2﹣4x2y2)÷(2xy)2;
(2)(x﹣3)4÷(x﹣3)2.
【解答】解:(1)原式=(8x3y2﹣4x2y2)÷(4x2y2)
=8x3y2÷(4x2y2)﹣4x2y2÷(4x2y2)
=2x﹣1;
(2)(x﹣3)4÷(x﹣3)2
=(x﹣3)2
=x2﹣6x+9.
13.计算:[x(x2y2﹣xy)﹣y(x2﹣x3y)]÷3x2y.
【解答】解:原式=[x3y2﹣x2y﹣(x2y﹣x3y2)]÷3x2y
=(x3y2﹣x2y﹣x2y+x3y2)÷3x2y
=(2x3y2﹣2x2y)÷3x2y
=2x3y2÷3x2y﹣2x2y÷3x2y
=xy﹣.
14.(2023秋•沙坪坝区期末)计算:
(1)a8÷a2﹣a•a5+(a2)3;
(2)[(x+y)(x﹣y)﹣x(x﹣2y)]÷y.
【解答】解:(1)原式=a6﹣a6+a6
=a6;
(2)原式=(x2﹣y2﹣x2+2xy)÷y
=(﹣y2+2xy)÷y
=﹣y+2x.
15.(2023秋•汉南区校级期末)计算:
(1)(﹣a2)2b2÷4a4b2;
(2)(x+2)2+(x+2)(x﹣2)﹣2x2.
【解答】解:(1)(﹣a2)2b2÷4a4b2
=a4b2÷4a4b2
=;
(2)(x+2)2+(x+2)(x﹣2)﹣2x2
=x2+4x+4+x2﹣4﹣2x2
=4x.
16.(2023秋•雄县校级期末)计算:
(1);
(2)(﹣m+n)(m+n)﹣(m﹣2n)2.
【解答】解:(1)原式=
=(16x2﹣3xy)÷4x
=;
(2)原式=n2﹣m2﹣(m2﹣4mn+4n2)
=n2﹣m2﹣m2+4mn﹣4n2
=﹣2m2+4mn﹣3n2.
17.(2023秋•邯山区校级期末)计算:
(1)(a+2b)(a﹣2b)﹣(a﹣b)2;
(2)﹣2x2x4﹣(﹣3x3)2﹣x9÷x3.
【解答】解:(1)原式=a2﹣4b2﹣(a2﹣2ab+b2)
=a2﹣4b2﹣a2+2ab﹣b2
=﹣5b2+2ab;
(2)原式=﹣2x6﹣9x6﹣x6
=﹣12x6.
18.(2023秋•灵宝市校级期末)计算:
(1)(15x2y﹣10xy2)÷5xy;
(2)(2x﹣1)2﹣(2x+5)(2x﹣5);
(3)[2a2•8a2+(2a)3﹣4a2]÷2a.
【解答】解:(1)(15x2y﹣10xy2)÷5xy
=15x2y÷5xy﹣10xy2÷5xy
=3x﹣2y;
(2)(2x﹣1)2﹣(2x+5)(2x﹣5)
=4x2﹣4x+1﹣(4x2﹣25)
=4x2﹣4x+1﹣4x2+25
=﹣4x+26;
(3)[2a2⋅8a2+(2a)3﹣4a2]÷2a
=(16a4+8a3﹣4a2)÷2a
=16a4÷2a+8a3÷2a﹣4a2÷2a
=8a3+4a2﹣2a.
19.(2023秋•天山区校级期末)计算:
(1)4a4b3÷(﹣2ab)2;
(2)(3x﹣y)2﹣(3x+2y)(3x﹣2y).
【解答】解:(1)4a4b3÷(﹣2ab)2
=4a4b3÷4a2b2
=a2b;
(2)(3x﹣y)2﹣(3x+2y)(3x﹣2y)
=9x2﹣6xy+y2﹣9x2+4y2
=5y2﹣6xy.
20.(2023秋•番禺区校级期末)计算:
(1)(﹣a2)3•(3a)2;
(2)4(x+1)2﹣(2x+3)(2x﹣3).
【解答】解:(1)(﹣a2)3•(3a)2
=﹣a6•9a2
=﹣9a8;
(2)4(x+1)2﹣(2x+3)(2x﹣3)
=4(x2+2x+1)﹣(4x2﹣9)
=4x2+8x+4﹣4x2+9
=8x+13.
21.(2023秋•阿瓦提县期末)计算
(1)x3y3÷(xy)2.
(2)[(xy﹣2)(xy+2)﹣2x2y2+4]÷(xy).
【解答】解:(1)原式=(xy)3÷(xy)2
=xy.
(2)原式=(x2y2﹣4﹣2x2y2+4)÷(xy)
=(﹣x2y2)÷(xy)
=﹣xy.
22.(2023秋•宝山区期末)计算:(21x6y6﹣42x5y4)÷7x5y3+2y.
【解答】解:(21x6y6﹣42x5y4)÷7x5y3+2y
=3xy3﹣6y+2y
=3xy3﹣4y.
23.(2023秋•越秀区校级期末)计算:[(x﹣y)2﹣(x+3y)(x﹣3y)]÷2y.
【解答】解:原式=[x2﹣2xy+y2﹣(x2﹣9y2)]÷2y
=(x2﹣2xy+y2﹣x2+9y2)÷2y
=(﹣2xy+10y2)÷2y
=﹣x+5y.
24.(2023秋•和平区校级期末)化简
(1)(5x+2y)(3x﹣2y)
(2)(2a﹣1)(2a+1)﹣a(4a﹣3)
【解答】解:(1)(5x+2y)(3x﹣2y)
=15x2﹣10xy+6xy﹣4y2
=15x2﹣4xy﹣4y2;
(2)(2a﹣1)(2a+1)﹣a(4a﹣3)
=4a2﹣1﹣4a2+3a
=3a﹣1.
25.(2023秋•平城区校级期末)计算:
(1)a4+(﹣2a2)3﹣a8÷a4;
(2)(m+3n)(m﹣3n)+(2m﹣3n)2.
【解答】解:(1)原式=a4﹣8a6﹣a4
=﹣8a6;
(2)原式=(m2﹣9n2)+(4m2﹣12mn+9n2)
=m2﹣9n2+4m2﹣12mn+9n2
=5m2﹣12mn.
26(2023秋•宽城区校级期末)计算
(1)(2m2﹣m)2÷(﹣m2);
(2)(y+2)(y﹣2)﹣(y﹣1)(y+5).
【解答】解:(1)原式=(4m4﹣4m3+m2)÷(﹣m2)
=﹣4m2+4m﹣1;
(2)原式=y2﹣4﹣(y2+5y﹣y﹣5)
=y2﹣4﹣y2﹣4y+5
=﹣4y+1.
27.(2023秋•洪山区校级期末)计算:
(1)a3•a+(﹣3a3)2÷a2;
(2)(2a+b)(2a﹣b)﹣2(a﹣b)2.
【解答】解:(1)原式=a4+9a6÷a2
=a4+9a4
=10a4;
(2)原式=4a2﹣b2﹣2(a2﹣2ab+b2)
=4a2﹣b2﹣2a2+4ab﹣2b2
=2a2﹣3b2+4ab.
28.(2023•蒲城县一模)计算:(﹣3)﹣2=( )
A.9B.C.D.﹣9
答案:B
【解答】解:,
故选:B.
29.(2023春•镇巴县期末)计算﹣3﹣2的结果是( )
A.﹣9B.﹣6C.D.
答案:C
【解答】解:﹣3﹣2=﹣=﹣,
故选:C.
30.(2023春•江都区月考)若,则a、b、c大小关系正确的是( )
A.a<b<cB.b<a<cC.a<c<bD.b<c<a
答案:C
【解答】解:a=﹣,b=9,c=1,
∴a<c<b,
故选:C.
31.(雨花台区校级期末)计算:﹣(3×2﹣4)0+(﹣)﹣3﹣4﹣2×(﹣)﹣3.
【解答】解:﹣(3×2﹣4)0+(﹣)﹣3﹣4﹣2×(﹣)﹣3
=﹣1﹣8﹣×(﹣64)
=﹣9+4
=﹣5
32.(2023秋•开远市期末)计算:﹣()2×9﹣2×(﹣)÷+4×(﹣0.5)2
【解答】解:
=×××+4×
=+1
=1
33.(顺义区期末)计算:(﹣1)﹣2018+()2﹣(π﹣4)0﹣3﹣2;
【解答】解:原式=1+﹣1﹣
=.
34.(2023•高淳区二模)计算:.
【解答】解:原式=﹣8÷4+4﹣2+1
=﹣2+4﹣2+1
=1.
35.(普宁市期末)计算:0.25×(﹣2)﹣2÷(16)﹣1﹣(π﹣3)0.
【解答】解:原式=0.25×÷﹣1
=÷﹣1
=1﹣1
=0.
36.(南海区期末)计算:(﹣1)2018+(﹣)﹣2﹣()0+16×2﹣3
【解答】解:原式=1+9﹣1+2
=11
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