2024年高考英语最后一卷02（北京卷）-备战2024年高考英语名校模拟真题速递

这是一份2024年高考英语最后一卷02（北京卷）-备战2024年高考英语名校模拟真题速递，共22页。试卷主要包含了本试卷分第Ⅰ卷两部分等内容，欢迎下载使用。
英语
（考试时间：100分钟 试卷满分：100分）
注意事项：
1．本试卷分第Ⅰ卷（选择题）和第Ⅱ卷（非选择题）两部分。答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。
2．回答第Ⅰ卷时，选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。写在本试卷上无效。
3．回答第Ⅱ卷时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。
4．考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第一部分：知识运用（共两节，30分）
第一节 完型填空（共10小题：每小题1.5分，共15分）
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该选项涂黑。
Bernard, the 82-year-ld retired plice fficer, was heartbrken when he 1 his precius medal. His huse was brken int last December. The thief tk away sme jewelry, sme cash and his treasured medal given fr his 32 years f 2 with Liverpl Plice Statin. He believed the medal was gne frever.
Three mnths later, David, a yung vlunteer pulled the medal frm a river in a “ne-in-a-millin” catch. The yung man was in a litter clean-up prgramme in Liverpl. He had been using a large magnet (磁铁) t 3 metal rubbish ut f the river fr 30 minutes when he fund a small blue metal bx.
“I wuld have never fund the medal if we hadn’t 4 all the rubbish in the river first,” said David. “At first, we fund ld bits f shpping carts and ther metal items but abut half an hur later, I pulled ut the 5 , and it’s gt ‘Plice Lng Service Medal’ written n it, It really was like finding a needle in a haystack (干草堆).”
6 , the medal was carved with Bernard’s name and the medal number, which David used t 7 the senir’s phne number nline. The retired plice fficer was 8 when he received a call saying the medal had been fund in a river, still in its metal bx. And when he was tld it wuld be 9 t him by the yung man wh fund it, his face lit up. David then planned a visit t meet Bernard and returned the medal t him.
“This was truly the best 10 fr cleaning up that rubbish... It’s amazing,” David said.
1．A．damagedB．lstC．sldD．dirtied
2．A．businessB．cmmunicatinC．cperatinD．service
3．A．netB．siteC．cupD．fish
4．A．tackledB．desertedC．recycledD．buried
5．A．magnetB．rubbishC．bxD．jewelry
6．A．ApparentlyB．ThankfullyC．GraduallyD．Cnsequently
7．A．trackB．recallC．recrdD．dial
8．A．nervusB．astnishedC．prudD．embarrassed
9．A．awardedB．submittedC．presentedD．addressed
10．A．driveB．prfC．wishD．reward
第二节 语法填空（共10小题，每小题1.5分,共15分）
阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空，在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
A
Music cmes in different styles and frms. But my favrite music genre is jazz, and it is smth and relaxing. Whenever I am tired r 11 desperatin, I listen t jazz n my cell phne. In n time, I find myself 12 (relax). Even when I study, I als play jazz as backgrund music. In the last few years, my days 13 (brighten) due t jazz.
B
阅读下面短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写 1 个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
Chinese petry is an essential part f Chinese culture, 14 reflects the thughts, feelings, and experiences f Chinese peple thrugh the ages. The frms and styles f Chinese petry have undergne (经历) many changes, but its beauty and pwer have always been preserved. One f the 15 (significant) features f Chinese petry is its use f rhyme and meter. 16 (cmbine) with the use f imagery and symblism, these elements make Chinese petry unique and unfrgettable.
C
阅读下面短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写 1 个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
Nearly tw decades have passed since China 17 (send) the first Beidu satellite int space in 2000. During that time, mre Beidu satellites were sent int rbit (轨道), 18 (frm) the Beidu Navigatin Satellite System (BDS). In late 2012, it began prviding psitining, navigatin, timing and messaging 19 (service) t peple in China and ther parts f the Asia-Pacific regin. At the end f 2018, BDS started t serve users wrldwide. Nw with tw mre Beidu satellites 20 (launch) n Dec 16, 2019, BDS has 53 satellites in rbit.
第二部分：阅读理解（共两节，38分）
第一节（共14小题，每小题2分，共28分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
Old and unrestred theatres are all arund us and yet s unnticed. A new phtbk unveils their ften verlked beauty.
Prctr’s Theatre, Newark, New Jersey
Althugh available utdrs frm street sellers, fd was banned in theatres t display respectability. In the late 1920s, hwever, the peratrs in Prctr’s Theatre in Newark began t set up stands t imprve the ecnmic situatin during the Great Depressin. Ppcrn and Cke wuld becme a significant part f the theatre’s incme.
Prctr’s Theatre, Try, New Yrk
Originally pened as Prctr’s Furth Street Theatre in 1914, it hsted famus cmedians such as Jack Benny and Bb Hpe. Frm 1929, it was successively taken ver, renamed as Prctr’s Try Theatre and switched t screening films. In the 1960s, it began playing secnd-run films befre clsing in 1977. It was listed n the Natinal Register f Histric Places (NRHP) in 1979. In 2010, the theatre was repaired but is currently nt being used tday.
RKO Keith’s Flushing Theatre, New Yrk
Originally pened in 1928, RKO Keith’s Flushing Theatre was designed by Thmas Lamb. In 1982, it was listed n the NRHP. In 1986, the theatre was bught and clsed by its new wner wh planned t build a shpping centre n the site, intentinally damaging the hall. In 2019, despite the preservatin effrts, the hall was kncked dwn t make way fr a residential twer blck.
Metrplitan Opera Huse, Philadelphia
The theatre was riginally pened as the Philadelphia Opera Huse in 1908. In the 1920s, it was renamed as the Metrplitan Opera Huse, shwing silent films in additin t hsting varius pera cmpanies. In the 1940s, it became a sprts arena. In 1954, it was turned int a church. In the late 1990s, the building was purchased by Mark Hatcher. The church and the develper came t an agreement n a repair fr a music venue that was cmpleted and repened in 2018.
21．In the late 1920s, Prctr’s Theatre in Newark set up stands t ________.
A．shw respect fr the guestsB．increase the theatre’s incme
C．prmte newly released mviesD．cmpete with the street sellers
22．What can we knw frm the passage?
A．RKO Keith’s Flushing Theatre is well preserved.
B．Prctr’s Theatre in Try plays secnd-run films nw.
C．Metrplitan Opera Huse has witnessed changes in its functin.
D．Prctr’s Theatre in Newark has been fficially listed n the NRHP.
23．What is the purpse f this passage?
A．T rank the ld and unrestred theatres.
B．T shw the develpment f American theatres.
C．T encurage peple t prtect the ld theatres.
D．T prvide infrmatin n verlked ld theatres.
B
T the untrained eye, a pingpng ball is just a pingpng ball. T a Beverly Cleary fan, it’s tw mtrcycle helmets fr mice.
Ever since I read Cleary’s series abut Ralph, the mtrcycle—riding muse, I’ve never lked at a pingpng ball—r the wrld—the same way. Amazing t think that it’s been mre than frty years since I checked ut The Muse and the Mtrcycle frm my schl library in Nrthprt, and yet that ne particular image is as clear t me as ever.
And why shuldn’t it be? It’s perfect.
Hw I wanted a muse f my wn t ride a ty mtrcycle arund my huse! Thanks t Cleary’s genius, a talking muse friend seemed nt nly pssible but prbable.
While much f children’s literature attempted t explain the wrld frm the pint f view f a wise and gentle adult, Cleary created characters wh saw the wrld as nly children can. With great interest, I read every bk that bre Beverly Cleary’s name. She seemed like a friend wh understd me in ways I didn’t yet understand myself.
I’ve written eight children’s bks and have always kept Beverly’s sense f wnder in mind. I dn’t remember at exactly what age I decided I wanted t write bks, but I knw that by secnd r third grade, my teacher assigned a prject that allwed us t fcus n whatever we wanted. My best friend picked dlphins; I chse children’s authrs, with a large chunk f my prject being abut wh else? Beverly Cleary!
I tld that stry recently t a schl grup. One f the students said, “That’s fantastic! Yu’re yur prject n children’s authrs and then yu became ne!”
“Yes,” I said. “And my best friend wh did her prject n dlphins—became a dlphin!”
“Really?” the students said in chrus.
And that perfectly sums up why I lve writing fr children: the belief that fantastic, magical things can happen. Best friends can becme dlphins; mice can ride ty mtrcycles and becme ur friends.
That’s what Beverly Cleary taught me. In the hands f a gifted stryteller, anything is pssible... and s very funny.
24．The Muse and the Mtrcycle impressed the authr mainly because .
A．it recrded animals’ life
B．it revealed the wisdm f life
C．it encuraged children t raise pets
D．it described the wrld frm children’s eyes
25．When learning the authr’s friend became a dlphin, the students felt________.
A．amazedB．dubtfulC．scaredD．cnfused
26．What is the passage mainly abut?
A．What the authr created t attract children.
B．What the authr did t turn impssible int pssible.
C．Hw Beverly Cleary arused children’s interest in reading.
D．Hw the authr was inspired t be a writer by Beverly Cleary.
C
The days f having a dictinary n yur bkshelf are numbered. But that’s OK, because everyne already walks arund with a dictinary — nt the ne n yur phne, but the ne in yur head.
Just like a physical dictinary, yur mental dictinary cntains infrmatin abut wrds. This includes the letters, sunds and meaning, r semantics, f wrds, as well as infrmatin abut parts f speech and hw yu can fit wrds tgether t frm grammatical sentences. While a physical dictinary is helpful fr shared knwledge, yur persnal mental dictinary is custmized based n yur individual experiences.
What wrds are in yur mental dictinary might verlap with the mental dictinary f smene else wh als speaks the same language, but there will als be a lt f differences between the cntent f yur dictinaries. Yu add wrds t yur mental dictinary thrugh yur educatinal, ccupatinal, cultural and ther life experiences. This custmizatin als means that the size f mental dictinaries is a little bit different frm persn t persn and varies by age. Researchers fund that the average 20-year-ld American English speaker knws abut 42,000 unique wrds, and this number grws t abut 48,000 by age 60. Sme peple will have even larger vcabularies.
Hwever, yur mental dictinary can’t be like a physical dictinary since it is dynamic and quickly accessed. Yur brain’s ability t retrieve a wrd is very fast. In ne study, researchers mapped the time curse f wrd retrieval amng 24 cllege students by recrding their brain activities while they named pictures. They fund evidence that participants selected wrds within 200 millisecnds f seeing the image. After wrd selectin, their brains cntinued t prcess infrmatin abut that wrd, like what sunds are needed t say that chsen wrd and ignring related wrds. This is why yu can retrieve wrds with such speed in real-time cnversatins, ften s quickly that yu give little cnscius attentin t that prcess.
The next time yu have a cnversatin with smene, take a mment t reflect n why yu chse the specific wrds yu did. Remember that the wrds yu use and the mental dictinary yu have are part f what make yu and yur vice unique.
27．In paragraph 2, the authr explains “mental dictinary” by ________.
A．making cmparisnsB．analyzing influences
C．drawing cnclusinsD．ffering assumptins
28．What can we infer frm paragraph 3?
A．Peple’s vcabulary will peak at the age f 60.
B．The cntent f ne’s mental dictinary is inherited.
C．Careers have an impact n the size f a mental dictinary.
D．Native English speakers share the same mental dictinaries.
29．What des the underlined wrd “retrieve” mean in paragraph 4?
A．Revise.B．Reacquire.C．Retell.D．Represent.
30．Accrding t the passage, which f the fllwing may the authr agree with mst?
A．Peple are aware f the wrd chsing prcess.B．Think twice befre what t say in a cnversatin.
C．Print dictinaries will be replaced by mental nes.D．Our chices f vcabulary prbably tell wh we are.
D
Ariel Prcaccia has thught a lt abut hw t cut a cake ver the last 15 years. As the father f three children, he knws hw hard it is t divide a birthday cake t everyne’s satisfactin. But it’s als because Prcaccia’s wrk fcuses n explring the mathematical rules fr dividing stuff up fairly. One way t d that is t think abstractly abut dessert.
Fr decades, researchers have been asking the seemingly simple questin f hw t cut a cake fairly. The answer reaches far beynd birthday parties. A mathematical prblem at its heart, cake cutting cnnects strict reasning t real-wrld issues f fairness, and s attracts nt nly mathematicians, but als scial scientists, ecnmists and mre. “It’s a very elegant mdel in which yu can distill what fairness really is, and reasn abut it,” Prcaccia says.
The simplest apprach is called the “divider-chser” methd, where ne persn cuts the cake int tw equal pieces in his view, and the ther persn picks first. Each receives a piece that they feel is as valuable as the ther’s. But when persnal preferences are taken int accunt, even the easiest rule becmes cmplicated. Suppse Alice and Bb are t divide a cake, and Alice knws Bb prefers chclate, she may knwingly divide the cake unequally s the smaller piece cntains mre chclate. Then Bb will chse accrding t his preference, and Alice will get the larger piece. Bth f them are satisfied with what they get, but the meaning f fairness changes in this situatin.
The cake is a symbl fr any divisible gd. When cake-cutting principles are emplyed t settle disagreements, they are ptentially helping the wrld find slutins. Prcaccia has used fair divisin algrithms (算法) t mdel fd distributin. Scial scientist Haris Aziz is explring situatins ranging frm hw t divide up daily tasks t hw t best schedule dctrs’ shifts in hspitals.
Even after decades f investigatin, cake cutting isn’t like a simple jigsaw puzzle (拼图) with a well-defined slutin. Instead, ver time, it has evlved int a kind f mathematical sandbx, a cnstructive playgrund that brings tgether abstract prfs and easy applicatins. The mre researchers explre it, the mre there is t explre.
31．What des the underlined wrd “distill” in paragraph 2 mean?
A．Get the essence f.B．Find the ppsite f.
C．Keep the fcus n.D．Reduce the impact n.
32．What can we learn abut fairness frm the example given in paragraph 3?
A．Its standard is stable.B．It prevents unequal divisin.
C．Its cncept is cmplex.D．It dminates persnal preferences.
33．What is paragraph 4 mainly abut cncerning cake cutting?
A．The applicatin f its rules.B．The details f its prcess.
C．The prblems it prduces.D．The harmny it symblizes.
34．What is the best title fr the text?
A．Wh benefits mst frm fairness?
B．Hw has fairness changed ver time?
C．What methd wrks best in cake-cutting?
D．Why are researchers s interested in cake-cutting?
第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，共10分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有项为多余选项。
When did we start walking fr leisure?
“Ging fr a walk” is a ppular pastime amng lder and yunger generatins alike because f its well-knwn benefits fr ur physical and mental health. But yu may be surprised t hear that wandering thrugh pretty streets r hiking in muntainus have nt always been cnsidered leisure activities, accrding t Daniel Gale, a researcher f pedestrianism (步行运动).
35 Befre that, it was just smething peple did ut f necessity, sme f whm even assciated it with criminal activity. But fr Charles Dickens, the famus English 19th Century authr, marching thrugh Lndn streets and tramping arund the cuntryside was a big part f the creative prcess. 36 He walked at an impressive pace f fur miles per hur, accrding t his bigraphy by Peter Ackryd.
37 Perhaps yu can take inspiratin frm anther big-thinking wanderer. 19th Century American writer Henry David Threau tk a slwer apprach, preferring t strll ver hills and fields and thrugh the wds. He said that he culd nt preserve his health and spirits withut walking at least fur hurs a day.
This idea f taking a strll t clear yur head has survived thrugh t the 21st Century. But have pedestrian manners remained the same? A 1780 article fr the Lndn Magazine advised pedestrians t avid things such as hanging arund in cnversatin and bstructing peple behind yu. 38
In this mdern age, when many f us are tied t ur desks and t ur screens, try the simple act f stepping ut nt the city pavements, r getting lst in nature. 39 Whether yu see yurself mre as a casual strller r a purpseful strider (阔步者), why nt build a habit ut f it?
A．What if speed-walking isn’t yur thing?
B．This may make all the difference t ur wellbeing.
C．Nwadays, we culd add distracted phne-users.
D．He brught the recreatin f walking int fashin.
E．Ging n an urban walk is much mre pleasant nw.
F．It was a time t absrb what was ging n arund him.
G．In Britain, walking fr fun wasn’t really a thing until the 1780s.
第三部分 书面表达（共两节，共32分）
第一节 阅读表达（共4小题，第40、41题各2分，第42题3分，第43题5分，共12分）
阅读下面短文，根据题目要求回答问题。
Hw t Stp Overthinking
We all have times when we wrry, whether it’s abut wrk, health, family, relatinships r a hst f ther reasns. But is there a pint when yu may think and wrry t much?
Overthinking is an unhealthy habit that typically causes mre stress by fcusing n the negative instead f cming up with lgical slutins. Fr example, we may start wrrying abut a specific situatin at wrk, which leads t wrrying abut mney r lsing jbs.
But why d we tend t verthink? This is ften due t cgnitive errrs, which are basically errrs in lgical thinking, such as all-r-nthing thinking and vergeneralisatin. Althugh verthinking is hard t break, Natacha Duke, a registered psychtherapist, utlines strategies that can help.
“Healthy distractin can be useful,” says Duke. Activities like reading and taking a walk can help keep ur stress levels dwn. They can reduce ur baseline level f anxiety and make us less likely t verthink.
Duke adds, “Keeping a daily jurnal can help us actively manage stress befre ur feelings expand ut f cntrl.” As we practise jurnaling ur emtins and thughts, it becmes easier t identify when we’re starting t wrry. Stpping wrrying early will ultimately help us feel better and stay fcused n what matters mst t us.
Sme peple cnstantly think abut questins like “What if I lse my jb?” r “What if I get sick?” While having these thughts is nrmal, it becmes a prblem when we fcus nly n the wrst-case situatin. “Fr every ‘what if’ wrry, change this t an ‘if then’ statement where yu cme up with ideas t deal with the wrry r the wrst-case situatin,” says Duke. “Fcus n having a cncrete plan in place.”
S, face the prblems, then challenge and reframe them. Finally, we will develp effective ways t cpe with verthinking.
40．What is verthinking?

41．What causes verthinking?

42．Please decide which part is false in the fllwing statement, then underline it and explain why.
A man can stp verthinking if he changes “what if” questins t “if then” statements, because it helps him fcus n the wrst-case situatin.

43．Besides the suggestins mentined in the passage, what ther advice will yu give t a persn wh is always verthinking?

第二节: 书面表达（共一题，20分)
44．假设你是红星中学高三学生李华。你得知故宫正在招聘暑期英文讲解员，请你给相关部门负责人写一封申请信，内容包括：
1)介绍你的基本信息；
2)说明你的优势。
注意：1. 词数100左右；
2. 开头和结尾已经给出，不计入总词数。
Dear Sir/Madam,
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yurs,
Li Hua
参考答案：
1．B 2．D 3．D 4．A 5．C 6．B 7．A 8．B 9．C 10．D
【导语】本文为一记叙文。退休警察贝尔纳家遭小偷光顾，丢失的物件包括他珍贵的勋章，三个月后，利物浦参加垃圾清理计划的志愿者大卫在河道清理时，意外打捞到装有勋章的盒子，并按照上面的信息，找到了他，并交还给了他。
1．考查动词词义辨析。句意：贝尔纳是一名82岁的退休警察，他失去了珍贵的勋章，伤心欲绝。A. damaged损坏；B. lst丢失；C. sld出售；D. dirtied弄脏。根据第一段“The thief tk away sme jewelry, sme cash and his treasured medal given fr his 32 years f ____2____ with Liverpl Plice Statin. (小偷偷走了一些珠宝、现金和他因在利物浦警察局工作32年而获得的珍贵勋章。)”可知，小偷偷了贝尔纳的勋章，所以贝尔纳失去了（lst）勋章。故选B项。
2．考查名词词义辨析。句意：小偷偷走了一些珠宝、现金和他因在利物浦警察局任职32年而获得的珍贵勋章。A. business业务；B. cmmunicatin沟通；C. cperatin合作；D. service服务。根据句中的his treasured medal given fr his 32 years可知，这个勋章是因为他多年的工作而得到的，此处考查名词serve，意为“长期、受到敬重的工作，效劳，服务”，常用名词短语service with…，意为“在……任职，工作”，故选D项。
3．考查动词词义辨析。句意：他用一块大磁铁从河里打捞金属垃圾30分钟后，他发现了一个蓝色的小金属盒子。A. net净赚；B. site使坐落在；C. cup做成杯状；D. fish搜寻，摸找。此处考查动词短语fish sth ut f sth，意为“从……中取出，拿出，拖出……”，根据上一句“The yung man was in a litter clean-up prgramme in Liverpl. (这名年轻人正在利物浦参加垃圾清理计划。)”，磁铁可以吸附一些金属，故这位年轻人用磁铁吸附河道里的金属垃圾，以清理河道。故选D项。
4．考查动词词义辨析。句意：如果我们没有先处理河里的所有垃圾，我永远不会找到勋章。A. tackled处理；B. deserted遗弃；C. recycled回收；D. buried掩埋。根据上文“The yung man was in a litter clean-up prgramme in Liverpl. He had been using a large magnet (磁铁) t ____3____ metal rubbish ut f the river fr 30 minutes when he fund a small blue metal bx. (这名年轻人正在利物浦参加垃圾清理计划。他用一块大磁铁从河里打捞金属垃圾30分钟后，他发现了一个蓝色的小金属盒子。)”可知，这个垃圾清理计划包括了清理河道里的金属垃圾，tackled符合语境。故选A项。
5．考查名词词义辨析。句意：起初，我们发现了购物车和其他金属物品的旧碎片，但大约半小时后，我拽出一个盒子，上面写着“警察长期服务勋章”，真的就像大海捞针一样。A. magnet磁铁；B. rubbish垃圾；C. bx盒子；D. jewelry珠宝。根据下文“The retired plice fficer was ____8____ when he received a call saying the medal had been fund in a river, still in its metal bx. (当这位退休警官接到电话说勋章在河里被发现时，勋章还装在金属盒子里，他非常惊讶。)”可知，勋章存放在盒子（bx）里。故选C项。
6．考查副词词义辨析。句意：值得庆幸的是，奖章上刻着伯纳德的名字和奖章号码，大卫用它在网上追踪了这位前辈的电话号码。A. Apparently显然；B. Thankfully谢天谢地；C. Gradually逐渐；D. Cnsequently因此。能够通过勋章上的信息找到失主，是一件庆幸的事，Thankfully符合语境。故选B项。
7．考查动词词义辨析。句意：值得庆幸的是，奖章上刻着伯纳德的名字和奖章号码，大卫用它在网上追踪了这位前辈的电话号码。A. track追查；B. recall回想起；C. recrd记录；D. dial拨号。句中的the medal was carved with Bernard’s name and the medal number可知，勋章上的信息方便David追查（track）到失主的电话号码。故选A项。
8．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：(当这位退休警官接到电话说勋章在河里被发现时，勋章还装在金属盒子里，他非常惊讶。A. nervus紧张的；B. astnished惊讶的；C. prud骄傲的；D. embarrassed尴尬的。根据第一段最后一句“He believed the medal was gne frever. (他以为奖章永远消失了。)”可知，原本伯纳德认为，勋章再也找不回来了，但现在有人打电话告知勋章的下落，他惊讶，在情理之中。故选B项。
9．考查动词词义辨析。句意：当他被告知发现它的年轻人将把它交给他时，他的脸上露出了笑容。A. awarded授予；B. submitted屈服；C. presented提交，交给；D. addressed致辞。根据下文“David then planned a visit t meet Bernard and returned the medal t him. (随后，大卫计划去拜访伯纳德，并把奖章还给了他。)”可知，David不但找到了失主，还亲自把勋章交给了（presented）他。故选C项。
10．考查名词词义辨析。句意：这确实是清理垃圾的最好回报。A. drive驱动；B. prf证明；C. wish愿望；D. reward奖励，回报。根据下文“It’s amazing (这事令人惊奇)”，上文“I pulled ut the ____5____ , and it’s gt ‘Plice Lng Service Medal’ written n it, It really was like finding a needle in a haystack (干草堆). (我拽出一个盒子，上面写着‘警察长期服务勋章’，真的就像大海捞针一样。)”可知，清理河道金属垃圾的过程中，意外发现勋章，并归还失主，实属意料之外的好事，reward符合语境。故选D项。
11．in 12．relaxed 13．have been brightened
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了在最喜欢的音乐类型是爵士乐，因为它流畅而放松。在过去的几年里，作者的日子因爵士乐而变得明亮起来。
11．考查介词。句意：每当我累了或绝望的时候，我就用手机听爵士乐。分析句子可知，此处为介词短语in desperatin“在绝望中，处于绝望状态中”，满足句意要求，所以此处为介词in的填入。故填in。
12．考查形容词。句意：很快，我发现自己放松了。根据句意可知，此处为形容词relaxed“感到放松的”作宾语补足语，满足句意要求。故填relaxed。
13．考查动词时态和语态。句意：在过去的几年里，我的日子因爵士乐而变得明亮起来。分析句子可知，此处为谓语动词的填入，根据该句时间状语In the last few years可知，此处为现在完成时，主语my days单数名词和动词brighten为被动关系，所以为现在完成时的被动语态结构。故填have been brightened。
14．which 15．mst significant 16．Cmbined
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。中国诗歌作为文化瑰宝，穿越时代映照国人情思，其韵律美与象征意象的独特融合，成就了不可磨灭的艺术魅力与深远影响。
14．考查定语从句。句意：中国诗歌是中华文化的重要组成部分，它反映了世代中国人的情感、思想和经历。本空引导非限制性定语从句，修饰主句，关系词在从句中作主语，应用关系代词which引导。故填which。
15．考查形容词最高级。句意：中国诗歌最重要的特点之一是押韵和韵律的运用。这里要求填入significant“重要的”的适当形式来修饰features。由于“ne f the + 形容词最高级 + 名词复数”是一个固定结构，用于表达“最……之一”，因此需要将significant变为最高级形式mst significant。故填mst significant。
16．考查非谓语动词。句意：与意象和象征手法的结合，这些元素使得中国诗歌独特且难以忘怀。本句谓语为make，此处为非谓语动词，且cmbine“（使）结合”与逻辑主语these elements之间是被动关系，故用现在分词形式cmbining，作状语，位于句首，首字母大写。故填Cmbined。
17．sent 18．frming 19．services 20．launched
【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了自2000年中国将第一颗北斗卫星送入太空以来，已经过去了近20年。在此期间，更多的北斗卫星被送入轨道，形成北斗导航卫星系统。文章还说明了从2012年底到2019年期间，北斗系统能提供的功能和完善情况。
17．考查时态。句意：自2000年中国将第一颗北斗卫星送入太空以来，已经过去了近20年。结合in 2000可知，since引导的时间状语时态用一般过去时，谓语用send“发送”的过去式。故填sent。
18．考查非谓语动词。句意：在此期间，更多的北斗卫星被送入轨道，形成了北斗导航卫星系统（BDS）。本句谓语为were sent，此处为非谓语动词，frm“形成”与其逻辑主语Beidu satellites之间是主动关系，用现在分词，作结果状语。故填frming。
19．考查名词的数。句意：2012年底，该公司开始向中国和亚太地区其他地区的用户提供定位、导航、授时和信息服务。service“服务”为可数名词，根据上文psitining, navigatin, timing and messaging可知，此处服务不止一种，故应用名词复数形式。故填services。
20．考查with复合结构。句意：随着2019年12月16日又发射两颗北斗卫星，北斗系统在轨卫星总数达到53颗。这里是with复合结构，即“with+宾补+宾补”，因为Beidu satellites“北斗卫星”和launch“发射”之间是被动关系，所以用过去分词，作宾补。故填launched。
21．B 22．C 23．D
【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章介绍了四个被人们忽略的老剧院。
21．细节理解题。根据Prctr’s Theatre, Newark, New Jersey部分的“In the late 1920s, hwever, the peratrs in Prctr’s Theatre in Newark began t set up stands t imprve the ecnmic situatin during the Great Depressin. Ppcrn and Cke wuld becme a significant part f the theatre’s incme.（然而，在20世纪20年代末，纽瓦克的普罗克特剧院的经营者开始设立摊位，以改善大萧条时期的经济状况。爆米花和可乐将成为剧院收入的重要组成部分）”可知，在20世纪20年Prctr’s Theatre in Newark设立（小吃）摊位是为了增加剧院的收入。故选B。
22．细节理解题。根据Metrplitan Opera Huse, Philadelphia部分的“In the 1920s, it was renamed as the Metrplitan Opera Huse, shwing silent films in additin t hsting varius pera cmpanies. In the 1940s, it became a sprts arena. In 1954, it was turned int a church. In the late 1990s, the building was purchased by Mark Hatcher. The church and the develper came t an agreement n a repair fr a music venue that was cmpleted and repened in 2018.（在20世纪20年代，它被重新命名为大都会歌剧院，除了主办各种歌剧公司外，还放映无声电影。在20世纪40年代，它变成了一个运动场。1954年，它被改成了教堂。上世纪90年代末，这栋建筑被Mark Hatcher买下。教堂和开发商就音乐场地的修复达成了协议，该场地于2018年完工并重新开放）”可知，Metrplitan Opera Huse从上世纪20年代到本世纪大约100年间几经变化，从歌剧院到运动场，再到教堂，目前它是一个音乐场地，即Metrplitan Opera Huse的功能发生了变化。故选C。
23．推理判断题。根据第一段“Old and unrestred theatres are all arund us and yet s unnticed. A new phtbk unveils their ften verlked beauty.（我们周围到处都是未修复的老剧院，却无人注意。一本新的相册揭示了它们经常被忽视的美）”结合下文对四个老剧院的独特之处的介绍可知，本文的目的是提供一些有关被忽略的旧剧院的资料。故选D。
24．D 25．A 26．D
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了作者是如何受到贝弗利·克利里的启发成为一名作家的。
24．细节理解题。根据第二段的“Ever since I read Cleary’s series abut Ralph, the mtrcycle—riding muse, I’ve never lked at a pingpng ball—r the wrld—the same way. （自从我读了克利里关于骑摩托车的老鼠拉尔夫的系列小说后，我就再也没有以同样的方式看待过乒乓球——或者世界）”第五段的“While much f children’s literature attempted t explain the wrld frm the pint f view f a wise and gentle adult, Cleary created characters wh saw the wrld as nly children can. With great interest, I read every bk that bre Beverly Cleary’s name.（很多儿童文学作品都试图从一个聪明、温柔的成年人的角度来解释世界，而克利里创作的人物则以只有儿童才能看到的视角来看待世界。带着极大的兴趣，我读了每一本写着贝弗利·克利里名字的书）”可知，The Muse and the Mtrcycle令作者印象深刻是因为它从儿童的视角来描述世界。故选D。
25．推理判断题。根据倒数第四和第三段““And my best friend wh did her prject n dlphins—became a dlphin!”“Really?” the students said in chrus.（‘我最好的一个做海豚项目的朋友变成了一只海豚!’‘真的吗?’学生们异口同声地说）”推知，当孩子们得知作者的一个朋友变成了海豚时他们感到很惊讶。故选A。
26．主旨大意题。根据文章的主要内容，尤其倒数第六段的“I’ve written eight children’s bks and have always kept Beverly’s sense f wnder in mind.（我已经写了八本儿童读物，并一直将贝弗利的好奇心铭记在心）”和“I chse children’s authrs, with a large chunk f my prject being abut wh else? Beverly Cleary!（我选择了儿童作家，我的项目很大一部分是关于贝弗利·克利里！）”和最后一段“That’s what Beverly Cleary taught me. In the hands f a gifted stryteller, anything is pssible... and s very funny.（这是贝弗利·克利里教我的。在一个有天赋的小说家手中，一切皆有可能，并且非常有趣）”可知，本文主要讲述了作者是如何受到贝弗利·克利里的启发成为一名作家的。故选D。
27．A 28．C 29．B 30．D
【导语】这是一篇说明文。短文介绍了心理词典与实体词典的区别以及心理词典的特点。
27．推理判断题。根据第二段段首句“Just like a physical dictinary, yur mental dictinary cntains infrmatin abut wrds.”（就像实体词典一样，你的心理词典也包含有关单词的信息。）以及段尾句“While a physical dictinary is helpful fr shared knwledge, yur persnal mental dictinary is custmized based n yur individual experiences.”（虽然实体词典有助于分享知识，但你的个人心理词典是根据你的个人经验定制的。）可知，作者通过比较心理词典和实体字典来解释mental dictinary的具体含义，故选A项。
28．推理判断题。根据第三段中的“Yu add wrds t yur mental dictinary thrugh yur educatinal, ccupatinal, cultural and ther life experiences.”（你通过自己的教育、职业、文化和其他生活经历将单词添加到你的心理词典中）可知，职业对于心理词典的容量大小有影响。故选C项。
29．词句猜测题。根据上文“Hwever, yur mental dictinary can’t be like a physical dictinary since it is dynamic and quickly accessed.”（然而，你的心理词典不能像实体词典一样，因为它是动态的和快速访问的）和“They fund evidence that participants selected wrds within 200 millisecnds f seeing the image.”（他们发现有证据表明，参与者在看到图像后200毫秒内选择了单词）可知，你的大脑恢复单词的能力非常快。所以划线词的意思是“重新获得”。故选B项。
30．推理判断题。根据最后一段段尾句“Remember that the wrds yu use and the mental dictinary yu have are part f what make yu and yur vice unique.”（记住，你所使用的词汇和你所拥有的心理词典是使你和你的声音独一无二的部分）可知，“人们的说话用词是展现个体独特性的一个方面”，说明我们对词汇的选择可能会告诉我们自己是谁。故选D项。
31．A 32．C 33．A 34．D
【导语】本文是说明文。文章主要介绍各个领域的研究人员对切蛋糕这一问题的本质和方法的研究以及切蛋糕的规则在解决现实问题中的应用。
31．词句猜测题。根据第二段“A mathematical prblem at its heart, cake cutting cnnects strict reasning t real-wrld issues f fairness, and s attracts nt nly mathematicians, but als scial scientists, ecnmists and mre. “It’s a very elegant mdel in which yu can distill what fairness really is, and reasn abut it,” Prcaccia says. (切蛋糕是一个数学问题的核心，它将严格的推理与现实世界的公平问题联系在一起，因此不仅吸引了数学家，也吸引了社会科学家、经济学家等。Prcaccia说：“这是一个非常优雅的模型，在这个模型中，你可以distill出什么是公平，并对此进行推理。”)”可知，这里说明人们可以通过切蛋糕问题来提炼理解什么是公平，所以distill的意思应该是“提炼”，和选项A意思一致。故选A。
32．推理判断题。根据第三段“But when persnal preferences are taken int accunt, even the easiest rule becmes cmplicated. Suppse Alice and Bb are t divide a cake, and Alice knws Bb prefers chclate, she may knwingly divide the cake unequally s the smaller piece cntains mre chclate. Then Bb will chse accrding t his preference, and Alice will get the larger piece. Bth f them are satisfied with what they get, but the meaning f fairness changes in this situatin. (但当考虑到个人偏好时，即使是最简单的规则也会变得复杂。假设爱丽丝和鲍勃要分一块蛋糕，爱丽丝知道鲍勃更喜欢巧克力，她可能会故意把蛋糕分得不相等，这样小的一块含有更多的巧克力。然后鲍勃会根据自己的喜好进行选择，爱丽丝会得到更大的一块。他们都对所得到的感到满意，但公平的意义在这种情况下发生了变化。)”可知，公平这一概念是很复杂的。故选C。
33．主旨大意题。根据第四段“The cake is a symbl fr any divisible gd. When cake-cutting principles are emplyed t settle disagreements, they are ptentially helping the wrld find slutins. Prcaccia has used fair divisin algrithms(算法) t mdel fd distributin. Scial scientist Haris Aziz is explring situatins ranging frm hw t divide up daily tasks t hw t best schedule dctrs’ shifts in hspitals. (蛋糕是任何可分割商品的象征。当切蛋糕的原则被用来解决分歧时，它们有可能帮助世界找到解决方案。Prcaccia使用公平分配算法对食物分配进行建模。社会科学家Haris Aziz正在探索各种情况，从如何分配日常任务到如何最好地安排医生在医院的轮班。)”可知，这一段主要介绍切蛋糕规则的应用。故选A。
34．主旨大意题。根据第一段“Ariel Prcaccia has thught a lt abut hw t cut a cake ver the last 15 years. As the father f three children, he knws hw hard it is t divide a birthday cake t everyne’s satisfactin. But it’s als because Prcaccia’s wrk fcuses n explring the mathematical rules fr dividing stuff up fairly. One way t d that is t think abstractly abut dessert. (Ariel Prcaccia在过去的15年里思考了很多关于如何切蛋糕的问题。作为三个孩子的父亲，他知道要让每个人都满意地分一个生日蛋糕有多难。但这也是因为Prcaccia的工作专注于探索公平划分事物的数学规则。一种方法是抽象地思考甜点。)”和最后一段“Even after decades f investigatin, cake cutting isn’t like a simple jigsaw puzzle(拼图) with a well-defined slutin. Instead, ver time, it has evlved int a kind f mathematical sandbx, a cnstructive playgrund that brings tgether abstract prfs and easy applicatins. The mre researchers explre it, the mre there is t explre. (即使经过几十年的调查，切蛋糕也不像一个简单的拼图游戏，有明确的解决方案。相反，随着时间的推移，它已经演变成一种数学沙盒，一个将抽象证明和简单应用程序结合在一起的建设性游乐场。研究人员对它的探索越多，就越有探索的余地。)”可知，这篇文章主要介绍研究者为什么对切蛋糕问题感兴趣。故选D。
35．G 36．F 37．A 38．C 39．B
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了散步的历史以及好处。
35．根据后文“Befre that, it was just smething peple did ut f necessity, sme f whm even assciated it with criminal activity.(在此之前，这只是人们出于需要而做的事情，有些人甚至把它与犯罪活动联系在一起)”可知，本句主要在说明散步流行起来的时间。故G选项“在英国，直到18世纪80年代，以散步为乐趣才真正成为一件事”符合语境，故选G。
36．根据上文“But fr Charles Dickens, the famus English 19th Century authr, marching thrugh Lndn streets and tramping arund the cuntryside was a big part f the creative prcess. (但对19世纪英国著名作家查尔斯·狄更斯来说，在伦敦街头游行、在乡间漫步是创作过程的重要组成部分)”可知，上文提到著名作家查尔斯·狄更斯喜欢创作的时候散步，故本句承接上文，说明这么做的原因。故F选项“这是一个吸收周围发生的事情的时候”符合语境，故选F。
37．根据后文“Perhaps yu can take inspiratin frm anther big-thinking wanderer. 19th Century American writer Henry David Threau tk a slwer apprach, preferring t strll ver hills and fields and thrugh the wds. He said that he culd nt preserve his health and spirits withut walking at least fur hurs a day.(也许你可以从另一个胸怀大志的流浪者身上得到启发。19世纪的美国作家亨利·大卫·梭罗采取了一种较慢的方式，他更喜欢在山丘、田野和树林里漫步。他说，如果每天不走至少四个小时，他就无法保持健康和精神)”可知，后文主要说明了漫步的放松方式，结合上一段“He walked at an impressive pace f fur miles per hur, accrding t his bigraphy by Peter Ackryd.(根据彼得·阿克罗伊德的传记，他以每小时4英里的惊人速度行走)”提到了快速行走，故A选项“如果你不喜欢快走呢？”符合语境，故选A。
38．根据上文“This idea f taking a strll t clear yur head has survived thrugh t the 21st Century. But have pedestrian manners remained the same? A 1780 article fr the Lndn Magazine advised pedestrians t avid things such as hanging arund in cnversatin and bstructing peple behind yu.(通过散步来清醒头脑的想法一直延续到21世纪。但是，行人的举止还保持不变吗？1780年《伦敦杂志》上的一篇文章建议行人避免在谈话中徘徊或妨碍身后的人)”可知，本句与上文并列，都是在说明导致行人散步行为发生改变的情况，故C选项“现在，我们可以加上分心的电话用户”符合语境，故选C。
39．根据上文“In this mdern age, when many f us are tied t ur desks and t ur screens, try the simple act f stepping ut nt the city pavements, r getting lst in nature.(在这个现代时代，当我们中的许多人都被束缚在办公桌和屏幕前时，试着走到城市的人行道上，或者迷失在大自然中)”以及后文“Whether yu see yurself mre as a casual strller r a purpseful strider (阔步者), why nt build a habit ut f it?(无论你把自己看成是一个随意的漫步者还是一个有目的的步行者，为什么不养成一种习惯呢？)”可知，后文建议出去散步，可知本句是在说明散步的好处。故B选项“这可能会对我们的健康产生很大的影响”符合语境，故选B。
40．Overthinking is an unhealthy habit that typically causes mre stress by fcusing n the negative instead f cming up with lgical slutins. 41．This is ften due t cgnitive errrs, which are basically errrs in lgical thinking, such as all-r-nthing thinking and vergeneralisatin. 42．A man can stp verthinking if he changes “what if” questins t “if then” statements, because it helps him fcus n the wrst-case situatin. While having these thughts is nrmal, it becmes a prblem when we fcus nly n the wrst-case situatin. Therefre, A man can stp verthinking if he changes “what if” questins t “if then” statements, because it can stp him fcus n the wrst-case situatin. 43．Seeking prfessinal help is als an effective way t cpe with verthinking.They can give us better advice which will help us feel better and stay fcused n what matters mst t us.
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了停止过度思考的方法。
40．细节理解题。根据文章第二段“Overthinking is an unhealthy habit that typically causes mre stress by fcusing n the negative instead f cming up with lgical slutins. (过度思考是一种不健康的习惯，通常会因为关注消极的一面而不是提出合理的解决方案而导致更多的压力)”可知，过度思考是一种不健康的习惯，通常会因为关注消极的一面而不是提出合理的解决方案而导致更多的压力。故答案为Overthinking is an unhealthy habit that typically causes mre stress by fcusing n the negative instead f cming up with lgical slutins.
41．细节理解题。根据文章第三段“This is ften due t cgnitive errrs, which are basically errrs in lgical thinking, such as all-r-nthing thinking and vergeneralisatin(这通常是由于认知错误，这基本上是逻辑思维中的错误，比如孤注一掷的思维和过度概括)”可知，过度思考是由于认知错误，这基本上是逻辑思维中的错误所造成的。故答案为This is ften due t cgnitive errrs, which are basically errrs in lgical thinking, such as all-r-nthing thinking and vergeneralisatin.
42．推理判断题。根据文章倒数第二段“Sme peple cnstantly think abut questins like “What if I lse my jb?” r “What if I get sick?” While having these thughts is nrmal, it becmes a prblem when we fcus nly n the wrst-case situatin(有些人经常会想这样的问题：“如果我失业了怎么办?”或者“如果我生病了怎么办?”虽然有这些想法很正常，但当我们只关注最坏的情况时，它就会成为一个问题)”以及“Fr every ‘what if’ wrry, change this t an ‘if then’ statement where yu cme up with ideas t deal with the wrry r the wrst-case situatin,” says Duke. “Fcus n having a cncrete plan in place.”(对于每一个“如果”的担忧，把它变成一个“如果”的陈述，在那里你想出了解决担忧或最坏情况的方法，杜克说。专注于制定一个具体的计划)”故答案为A man can stp verthinking if he changes “what if” questins t “if then” statements, because it helps him fcus n the wrst-case situatin. While having these thughts is nrmal, it becmes a prblem when we fcus nly n the wrst-case situatin. Therefre, A man can stp verthinking if he changes “what if” questins t “if then” statements, because it can stp him fcus n the wrst-case situatin.
43．开放性试题。Seeking prfessinal help is als an effective way t cpe with verthinking. They can give us better advice which will help us feel better and stay fcused n what matters mst t us.
44．Dear Sir/Madam,
I have learned that English vlunteer guides fr the Frbidden City are wanted in the summer vacatin. I am writing t apply fr this psitin.
I’m a Senir 3 student in Hngxing Middle schl, and I believe I am qualified fr the psitin. These years, I have been n several exchange prgrams in America, s I am cnfident with my cmmunicatin skills in English. Besides, as a fan f Chinese ancient histry, I am sure my knwledge will be helpful when I intrduce the Frbidden City t freign guests.
I wuld be very grateful if yu culd ffer me the pprtunity. Thank yu fr yur cnsideratin.
Yurs,
Li Hua
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生就“故宫正在招聘暑期英文讲解员”一事，给相关部门负责人写一封申请信，内容包括：介绍你的基本信息；说明你的优势。
【详解】1.词汇积累
暑假：summer vacatin→summer hlidays
职位：psitin→ccupatin
此外：besides→what’s mre
有益的：be helpful→be f help
2.句式拓展
同义句转换
原句：These years, I have been n several exchange prgrams in America, s I am cnfident with my cmmunicatin skills in English.
拓展句：These years, as I have been n several exchange prgrams in America, I am cnfident with my cmmunicatin skills in English.
【点睛】【高分句型1】I have learned that English vlunteer guides fr the Frbidden City are wanted in the summer vacatin. (运用了that引导的宾语从句)
【高分句型2】I wuld be very grateful if yu culd ffer me the pprtunity. (运用了if引导的条件状语从句)