湖南省邵阳市2024届高三下学期第三次联考英语试卷(含答案)

这是一份湖南省邵阳市2024届高三下学期第三次联考英语试卷(含答案)，共21页。试卷主要包含了阅读理解，七选五，完形填空，填空题，书面表达，读后续写等内容，欢迎下载使用。

一、阅读理解
Are yu ready t get dwn t a thrilling jurney thrugh the pages f captivating stries and prfund knwledge? Jin us fr an unfrgettable reading event that prmises t ignite yur passin fr literature and braden yur hrizns!
Celebrating the Richness f American Literature
Immerse yurself in a treasure f literary masterpieces that shwcase the cultural richness and diversity f American vices. Frm timeless classics t cntemprary gems, there’s smething fr everyne t discver and enjy.
Bk Highlights:
T Kill a Mckingbird by Harper Lee: Delve int the timeless tale f justice, mrality, and cmpassin set against the backdrp f the American Suth.
The Great Gatsby by F. Sctt Fitzgerald: Experience the glitz, glamur, and disillusinment f the Jazz Age thrugh the eyes f the enigmatic Jay Gatsby.
Belved by Tni Mrrisn: Jurney int the haunting wrld f slavery’s legacy and the enduring pwer f lve and memry.
Meet the Authrs: Signed Cpies and Bk Giveaways!
Dn’t miss the pprtunity t meet renwned authrs and get yur bks persnally signed! Plus, stand a chance t win exclusive giveaways and limited editin merchandise.
Event Details:
Date: Saturday, March 23rd
Time: 10:00 AM-5:00 PM
Lcatin: Central Public Library, 123 Main Street, Anytwn, USA
Wh Shuld Attend?
This event is perfect fr crazy readers, literature enthusiasts, and anyne eager t explre the diverse landscape f American literature. Whether yu’re a high schl student preparing fr cllege r a seasned bkwrm, there’s smething here fr yu!
Registratin and Mre Infrmatin:
Visit ur website at t register fr this exciting event and learn mre abut the featured authrs and bk selectins.
Why It Matters:
By celebrating the rich tapestry f American literature, we nt nly hnr the vices f the past but als inspire future generatins t embrace diversity, empathy, and the pwer f strytelling.
1．Which bk is NOT mentined as an emphasis f the event?
A. T Kill a Mckingbird.B. The Great Gatsby.
C. Mby-Dick.D. Belved.
2．What can attendees d at the event?
A. Sign their wn names n bks.B. See and greet famus authrs.
C. Participate in a reading cmpetitin.D. Watch a mvie screening.
3．Where is the text mst prbably taken frm?
A. A fd magazine.B. An astrnaut’s jurnal.
C. A sci-fi handbk.D. A reading website.
When Lucy was ten, she went t the theatre t see a play The Huse at Ph Crner with her parents. Immediately, Lucy fell in lve. But althugh she tk part in schl and cllege plays, she never thught it culd lead t a career. Instead, she studied business at university, wrking fr the Land Register f Sctland until she retired in 2012. Her newly free time reignited (重新,点燃) a decades-ld spark. “I still wanted t d smething with my brain s I went back t university t study theatre and perfrmance,” says Lucy.
That year, she tk part in a flk drama wrkshp and discvered mumming, an ancient masked frm, in which male actrs travel thrugh villages, perfrming simple plays, ften in exchange fr fd r shelter. “It’s a simpler stry than cnventinal plays. It has ne central cnflict rather than slw character develpment. It’s rted in histry and invlves mre imprvisatin (即席创作) because the play is always tailred t a lcal audience,” says Lucy.
Interest grew and Lucy set up her grup—the Meadws Mummers—as a charity, t attract wider supprt and dnatins. Its first perfrmance was in 2015, at the Meadws festival in Edinburgh. Things snwballed frm there. As well as turing central Sctland, the grup went t the Internatinal Mumming Sympsium and Uncnventin in Glucestershire in 2016, and learned mre abut the histry f flk drama.
Mre recently, life circumstances have made perfrming difficult. “I’ve had health prblems.” She says that, at times, she has cnsidered giving up, but gets t much jy frm ding it t stp. “We’ve just dne ne perfrmance this year but I’m really excited that we’re getting ready fr mre festivals next year.”
The drive t keep ging is inspired by an experience mre than 30 years ag. “I was in a natinal park in Yugslavia when I saw a wman staring attentively at this green river,” she says. “She tld me she was ging blind and wanted the river t be the last beautiful thing she ever saw.” Whenever dubt creeps in (不知不觉产生), Lucy recalls that encunter and feels frced t cntinue grasping life with bth hands. “Just because yu’ve reached 60, it desn’t mean the drawbridge has been pulled up,” says Lucy.
4．Why did Lucy study theatre and perfrmance after retirement?
A. T further her study.B. T please her parents.
C. T recllect her interest.D. T find a better jb.
5．What des paragraph 2 mainly talk abut in terms f mumming?
A. Its histry.B. Its characteristics.C. Its imprtance.D. Its prspect.
6．What des the underlined wrd “snwballed” in paragraph 3 mean?
A. Stuck.B. Cllapsed.C. Develped.D. Frze.
7．What des Lucy intend t tell us by the encunter?
A. We shuld try t live in the mment.B. Rman was nt built in a day.
C. Where there’s a will, there is a way.D. Art is lng, life is shrt.
Amelia, a ninth-grade student at Carsn Middle Schl, wanted t help her grandmther wh struggled t pen bttle caps. She fund a slutin in her engineering class, where students were tasked with adapting existing prducts t make daily life easier fr peple with difficulties.
Amelia’s creativity kicked in as she researched existing bttle-pening devices. “The shape and size f a cellphne are familiar,” she said. T create a better bttle pener, Amelia used a piece f wd. It was shaped like a cellphne. Next, she put three hles in the wd. The hles were in different sizes s that they culd match cmmn bttle cap sizes. Each hle als had a layer f dried ht glue, prviding a strng hld fr the bttle caps. With a simple twisting mtin, her grandmther culd pen bttles withut assistance.
While addressing challenges thse with learning disabilities, mvement challenges and ther issues face, students like Amelia used mre than their math, physics, and tl skills. They als learned abut empathy (共情). “Empathy is lking at prblems frm anther persn’s pint f view,” Amelia’s teacher, Mark Blt, said. “It’s an imprtant part f engineering. Engineers need t put themselves in their prduct users’ shes t build effective slutins. “It was empathy, while watching friends and family deal with daily tasks, that pushed ther students’ prjects.”
Student Michael nticed hw reading disrder made it difficult fr his friends t fllw alng n pages full f text. Their brains tend t cnfuse the rder f numbers, letters, and ther images. S Michael created a small adjustable windw-blind-style device. “My friend culd separate small sectins f text while reading,” he said.
In the prcess, students tried different versins f their prducts t make the best ne t shw the class. Rather than having step-by-step directins fr the prjects. Blt preferred t leave students’ creative paths pen. “If we want t d better, we have t have a chance t fail,” he said.
8．What might be a slutin t Amelia’s engineering class task?
A. T invent new prducts.
B. T better a hearing aid.
C. T raise mney fr the disabled.
D. T teach lwer-grade students engineering.
9．Why are the three hles’ sizes different in Amelia’s bttle pener?
A. T make the pener easier t hld.B. T make the mst f space.
C. T beautify the bttle pener.D. T ensure a wider use.
10．What shuld engineers d while designing prducts accrding t Mark Blt?
A. Ask fr the users’ advice.B. Imprve their wrk effectiveness.
C. Be cnsiderate tward their users.D. Fcus mre n the peple arund them.
11．Hw des Michael’s device wrk?
A. By putting small sectins tgether.
B. By adding a dictinary t the text.
C. By putting wrds in different clrs.
D. By fcusing users’ attentin n specific reading areas.
In the secnd half f the 18th century, a British dctr named Edward Jenner gave his gardener’s sn cwpx (牛痘) and then deliberately infected him with smallpx (天花) t test his assumptin that peple wh were frequently expsed t cwpx, a similar but less severe virus, wuld avid catching smallpx. It wrked and cwpx as the vaccine (疫苗) was highly effective. “Vaccinatin”, frm the Latin wrd fr cw, sn became cmmnplace.
Challenge trials are frms f research where, rather than relying n data frm natural infectins, we intentinally expse smene t a disease in rder t test the effectiveness f a vaccine r treatment. Things have changed a lt since Jenner’s time, f curse, when it was nt uncmmn fr dctrs t cnduct this kind f research. Even s, there’s a cntinuus sense that there’s smething immral abut making smene ill n purpse.
But this shuldn’t blind us t the extrardinary pwer f challenge trials. They culd becme increasingly imprtant weapns in the medical research, in a situatin where vaccine technlgy is advancing and the threat f diseases jumping frm animals int human beings is increasing.
Much has been dne t reduce the risks f challenge trials. Like respiratry syncytial virus (RSV), researchers have invlved adults wh are at a lw risk f severe illness. These acts have already cut dwn a massive range f vaccine candidates. But nt all diseases are like these nes. We dn’t always knw the dangers vlunteers might face; we dn’t always have treatments ready. What then?
We culd, f curse, just avid these questins entirely, and rely n ther types f research. But that desn’t always wrk: smetimes, animal testing is tricky and uninfrmative, because the disease desn’t develp in the same way as it wuld in humans. In cntrast, challenge trials can be deeply infrmative within weeks, with far fewer vlunteers. And the benefits can be surprisingly high.
In rder t make sure we are as prtected as pssible frm current and future threats, we shuld try t get rid f the misbelief in challenge trials, making them a mre familiar part f ur tl kits. Perhaps the greatest reward f all wuld be t make sure participants’ effrts are wrthwhile: by designing trials t be fair and effective and applying them when and where they might make a real difference. In shrt, by helping them t save thusands, if nt millins f lives.
12．The authr tells the stry f Edward Jenner with the intentin f ________.
A. defining what are challenge trials.
B. shwing the rigin f the wrd “vaccinatin”.
C. emphasizing the imprtance f his vaccine.
D. intrducing the tpic f challenge trials.
13．What can be inferred frm the passage?
A. The issues behind challenge trials are easy t slve.
B. Despite the risks, challenge trials can benefit numerus lives.
C. The dangers f challenge trials utweigh the benefits they bring.
D. Challenge trials can prevent the develpment f vaccine technlgies.
14．What des the authr intend t tell us?
A. A cautius attitude shuld be taken twards challenge trials.
B. Challenge trials guarantee participants prtectin against threats.
C. Peple shuld be mre pen t challenge trials.
D. The accuracy f challenge trials can be imprved with mre vlunteers invlved.
15．What can be the best title fr the passage?
A. Can challenge trials blck medical prgress?
B. Shuld we use challenge trials t find cures?
C. Can challenge trials put an end t infectius diseases?
D. Shuld we replace animal testing with challenge trials?
二、七选五
16． In the jurney f life, there’s an ften ignred her—labr. Yes, that’s right, gd ld-fashined hard wrk. Whether it’s mwing lawns, babysitting, r washing dishes, the act f labring nt nly fills pckets but als shapes characters and mlds futures.
Let’s face it, we live in a wrld where instant satisfactin is the nrm (标准). But what if we tld yu that delaying that satisfactin and putting in sme gd, hnest sweat can actually be beneficial? It’s true! ①______
②______ Imagine a teenager tasked with mwing lawns fr a summer jb. Suddenly, they’re respnsible fr shwing up n time, ding a thrugh jb, and managing their earnings. These are life skills that n classrm lecture can match.
Mrever, labr breeds (培养) perseverance. ③______ Instead f thrwing in the twel, they persevere, learning frm each setback and grwing strnger in the prcess. This perseverance becmes a crnerstne (基石) fr success in all aspects f life.
But perhaps the mst prfund impact f labr is its ability t fster empathy and appreciatin. ④______ As teenagers serve meals t the less frtunate, they gain a newfund perspective n privilege and gratitude. Suddenly, that new smartphne desn’t seem as imprtant as lending a helping hand t thse in need.
In cnclusin, labr isn’t just abut earning a paycheck but it’s als abut shaping character and building a fundatin fr success. S, the next time yu see a teenager sweating it ut n a ht summer day, remember—⑤______
A. Labur is significantly beneficial t health.
B. Take, fr instance, vlunteering at a lcal sup kitchen.
C. labr isn’t just abut earning mney and training skills.
D. First, labr gradually acquires a sense f respnsibility.
E. Imagine a yung adult facing rejectin after rejectin while jb hunting.
F. they’re nt just mwing lawns, they’re paving their path t a brighter future.
G. The prcess f labring teaches invaluable lessns that textbks simply can’t cnvey.
三、完形填空（15空）
On a sunny afternn, Anthny Perry stepped ff the train at Chicag’s 69th Street statin. The 20-year-ld, wh wrked nights in a grcery stre, was n his way t see his 1 .
On the platfrm, smething unthinkable happened: a man 2 the edge and nt the electrified train tracks! As Perry and ther 3 passengers watched, he shk uncntrllably as the 4 mved thrugh his bdy.
“Help him!” smene cried. “Please, smene!”
Perry culdn’t just stand there and 5 . He sat at the edge f the platfrm and eased himself dwn. 6 all rails between the man and him were electrified, he quickly leaped twards the victim, using a high-knee technique frm his high schl ftball days.
Perry sn 7 dwn and grasped the victim’s wrist. 8 , he felt a pwerful electric shck sht thrugh his bdy. Perry jumped back. He reached dwn a secnd time, and was shcked again. But the third time he seized the man’s wrist and frearm, and managed t mve the guy’s bdy away frm the 9 .
“Give him chest cmpressins!” yelled an ld lady n the platfrm.
Perry was n expert, but fr a few mments he wrked n the man’s heart until the victim regained 10 . Then, first-aiders arrived. Perry let the prfessinals 11 . Heart still racing frm the electric shcks, he 12 back up nt the platfrm, grabbed his 13 and cntinued n t his grandfather’s.
The evening news reprted the incident, 14 an unnamed her with saving the victim’s life. T many, Perry’s 15 deeds demnstrated the pwer f chsing cmpassin ver persnal safety.
17．A. managerB. clientC. grandfatherD. aunt
18．A. fell verB. fell inC. fell dwnD. fell behind
19．A. delightedB. excitedC. depressedD. hrrified
20．A. currentB. xygenC. waveD. bld
21．A. imagineB. watchC. shutD. recrd
22．A. HpingB. AssumingC. CmplainingD. Recalling
23．A. climbedB. grabbedC. reachedD. stretched
24．A. InstantlyB. SlightlyC. NrmallyD. Surprisingly
25．A. trainB. crwdsC. platfrmD. rails
26．A. strengthB. balanceC. cnsciusnessD. cntrl
27．A. lk aheadB. take verC. get arundD. keep away
28．A. climbedB. jumpedC. wundD. walked
29．A. clthesB. thingsC. pssessinsD. bks
30．A. prvidingB. engagingC. assistingD. crediting
31．A. generusB. gratefulC. curageusD. faithful
四、填空题
32． The abacus (算盘), a manually perated cunting aid that riginated in China, was knwn as the ①______ (five) great inventin in China by Jseph Needham, a well-knwn British bichemist and histrian. Befre the advent f Arabic numerals, the abacus was a widely used cunting tl glbally.
As early as the Western Han Dynasty (206 BC—24 AD), the Chinese used wden r bne rds fr calculatins. Hwever, the rds were ②______ (gradual) develped int the abacus fr the time-cnsuming calculatins.
The early abacus used small rund beads instead f lng rds, ③______ were cmparatively clumsy. Over time, the number f beads increased, ④______ (lead) t the seven-bead abacus frm its five-bead predecessr t adapt t the hexadecimal system.
The existing abacuses have different shapes and are made f different ⑤______ (material). A typical abacus is mstly made f wd and cnsists f a series f beads ⑥______ (arrange) in a rectangular wden frame. A crssbeam in the middle divides the beads int tw parts. Each bead in the upper half represents five, and each bead in the lwer half represents ne. Each string f beads represents the values f nes, tens, hundreds, thusands, and tens f thusands frm right t left.
As it was simple t make, affrdable, and easy ⑦______ (use), the abacus was widely used in China, frm where it gradually spread t cuntries and regins such as Krea, the U.S. and Sutheast Asia.
In tday’s era f cmputers and ther electrnic devices, althugh few peple use abacuses, it has becme a symbl f cunting in China. In recent years, it ⑧______ (appear) frequently n pstage stamps and pstcards. It is als part f sme special ccasins. Fr instance, “Zhuazhu” is a ⑨______ (traditin) Chinese celebratin f a ⑩______ (child) first birthday when several bjects are placed befre the child t chse. The chsen bject is suppsed t indicate the child’s future career. The abacus is amng these bjects, representing business r wealth.
五、书面表达
33． 假定你是李华,你校英文报专栏节目Vices f Yuth就是否在校内成立心理健康俱乐部(Mental Health Club)征询学生的意见。请你给该栏目编辑写一封邮件。
内容包括：
1. 你的观点；
2. 你的理由(至少两条)。
注意：
1. 写作词数应为80个左右；
2. 请按如下格式作答。
Dear editr,
I’m Li Hua, a student f Class 1.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yurs sincerely,
Li Hua
六、读后续写
34． 阅读下面材料,根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段,使之构成一篇完整的短文。
I was wrking as a supervisr in a small, rural hspital n a bitter cld Midwestern winter in 1992. I wasn’t even suppsed t be wrking the evening shift, but had agreed t swap with a clleague wh needed the night ff. Amng my many duties was t assist in the emergency rm (ER) if ur ER nurse needed help. Suddenly, my pager (寻呼机) eched dwn the hallway that quiet evening.
“I need yur help nw,” a nurse in ER said urgently. “We have an ambulance ut n a little by. Nt many details, but it desn’t sund gd. He was fund utside in a snw bank, and the first respnders have started CPR. “My heart sank. It was thirty degrees belw zer with windchill. The child didn’t have a chance.
I entered the emergency rm. The ambulance was just pulling up, and when the gurney (轮床) rlled int the ER it was met with dead silence. CPR was in prgress. The blnd by lay lifeless and pale with little hands frzen s slid. Because f the circumstances, we were bligated t cntinue CPR until his cre bdy temperature was raised. N ne in the rm seemed t hld any hpe f bringing back this little by.
The next hur passed quickly as many ways were cnducted t warm him up. I std silently ver him, tears running dwn my cheeks, as I prayed silently fr him and his family. I culdn’t even help understanding the pain his parents were experiencing.
He was the same age as my little by, with the same beautiful blue eyes and blnd hair. I thught f hw much I lved my sn and tried t remember the last time I tld him I lved him s. What if he died tnight? Wuld he die knwing hw much I lved him? I realized, watching a grup f dctrs and nurses desperately trying t d the impssible, that I hadn’t even hugged him befre leaving fr wrk. And I deeply regretted that nw.
注意：
1. 续写词数应为150左右；
2. 请按照如下格式作答。
Then a miracle ccurred.
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Watching the scene, I made a prmise t myself that night.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
参考答案
1．答案：C
解析：细节理解题。根据第三段Bk Highlights可知：文章提到了T Kill a Mckingbird (《杀死一只知更鸟》)、The Great Gatsby (《了不起的盖茨比》)和Belved (《宠儿》)被强调显示，Mby-Dick (《白鲸》)没有被提及。故选C。
2．答案：B
解析：细节理解题。根据第三段“Meet the Authrs: Signed Cpies and Bk Giveaways! Dn’t miss the pprtunity t meet renwned authrs and get yur bks persnally signed! Plus, stand a chance t win exclusive giveaways and limited editin merchandise. (不要错过见到著名作家的机会,并请他们亲自给你的书签名!另外,我们也有机会赢得独家赠品和限量版商品。)”可知,参加者可以见到著名作家的机会,并请作家给你的书签名。故选B。
3．答案：D
解析：推理判断题。根据“Registratin and Mre Infrmatin: Visit ur website at t register fr this exciting event and learn mre abut the featured authrs and bk selectins. (注册及更多信息：访问我们的网站来报名参加这个令人兴奋的事件,并了解更多关于特色作者和书籍的选择。)”可知,该文章很可能选自网站。故选D。
4．答案：C
解析：细节理解题。根据第一段“Her newly free time reignited (重新点燃) a decades-ld spark. “I still wanted t d smething with my brain s I went back t university t study theatre and perfrmance,” says Lucy.(她最近的空闲时间重新点燃了几十年前的火花。“我仍然想用我的大脑做点什么,所以我回到大学学习戏剧和表演,”Lucy说)”可知,Lucy退休后学习戏剧和表演是为了重拾兴趣。故选C。
5．答案：B
解析：主旨大意题。根据第二段“That year, she tk part in a flk drama wrkshp and discvered mumming, an ancient masked frm, in which male actrs travel thrugh villages, perfrming simple plays, ften in exchange fr fd r shelter. “It’s a simpler stry than cnventinal plays. It has ne central cnflict rather than slw character develpment. It’s rted in histry and invlves mre imprvisatin (即席创作) because the play is always tailred t a lcal audience,” says Lucy. (那一年,她参加了一个民间戏剧研讨会,并发现了一种古老的蒙面表演一戴面具化装表演(mumming),男演员穿梭于村庄,表演简单的戏剧,通常以换取食物或住所。“这是一个比传统戏剧更简单的故事。它有一个中心冲突,而不是缓慢的角色发展。它根植于历史,包含更多的即兴创作,因为戏剧总是为当地观众量身定制的,”Lucy说)”可知,第二段主要讲了戴面具化装表演(mumming)的特点。故选B。
6．答案：C
解析：词句猜测题。根据划线词后文“As well as turing central Sctland, the grup went t the Internatinal Mumming Sympsium and Uncnventin in Glucestershire in 2016, and learned mre abut the histry f flk drama. (除了在苏格兰中部巡回演出外,该团队还参加了2016年在格洛斯特郡举行的国际戴面具化装表演研讨会和非正式大会,并了解了更多关于民间戏剧的历史)”可知,这个团队得到了很大发展,去了很多地方演出。故划线词意思是“发展”,故选C。
7．答案：A
解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段“The drive t keep ging is inspired by an experience mre than 30 years ag. “I was in a natinal park in Yugslavia when I saw a wman staring attentively at this green river,” she says. “She tld me she was ging blind and wanted the river t be the last beautiful thing she ever saw.” (30多年前的一次经历激发了我们继续前进的动力。她说：“我在南斯拉夫的一个国家公园里,看到一个女人聚精会神地盯着这条绿色的河流。”“她告诉我她快要失明了,希望这条河成为她见过的最后的美丽的事物”)”以及“Whenever dubt creeps in (不知不觉产生),Lucy recalls that encunter and feels frced t cntinue grasping life with bth hands (每当疑虑袭来时,Lucy就会回忆起那次偶遇,她觉得不得不继续用双手抓住生活)”可推知,Lucy想通过这次偶遇告诉我们：我们应该努力活在当下。故选A。
8．答案：B
解析：推理判断题。根据第一段中的“She fund a slutin in her engineering class, where students were tasked with adapting existing prducts t make daily life easier fr peple with difficulties. (她在工程课上找到了一个解决方案,让学生们改造现有产品,让有困难的人的日常生活更轻松。)”可知,在工程课上,学生们改造现有产品,让有身体困难的人的日常生活更轻松。所以,Amelia的工程课任务可能是改进助听器。故选B。
9．答案：D
解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的“The hles were in different sizes s that they culd match cmmn bttle cap sizes. (这些孔有不同的尺寸,这样它们就可以与常见的瓶盖尺寸相匹配。)”可知,Amelia的开瓶器上有三个大小不同的孔是为了与常见的瓶盖尺寸相匹配,即确保开瓶器的更广泛的使用。故选D。
10．答案：C
解析：细节理解题。根据第三段中的“It’s an imprtant part f engineering. Engineers need t put themselves in their prduct users’ shes t build effective slutins. (这是工程的重要组成部分。工程师需要设身处地为产品用户着想,以制定有效的解决方案。)”可知,Mark Blt认为,在设计产品时,工程师应该为用户着想。故选C。
11．答案：D
解析：推理判断题。根据第四段中的“S Michael created a small adjustable windw-blind-style device. “My friend culd separate small sectins f text while reading,” he said. (于是,Michael发明了一种小型可调节百叶窗式装置。他说：“我的朋友在阅读时可以把文本的小部分分开。”)”可知,Michael的设备是可调节的,在阅读时读者可以把文本的小部分分开。也就是说该装置通过将用户的注意力集中在特定的阅读领域。故选D。
12．答案：D
解析：推理判断题。根据第一段“In the secnd half f the 18th century, a British dctr named Edward Jenner gave his gardener’s sn cwpx (牛痘) and then deliberately infected him with smallpx (天花) t test his assumptin that peple wh were frequently expsed t cwpx, a similar but less severe virus, wuld avid catching smallpx. (18世纪后半叶,一位名叫爱德华·詹纳(Edward Jenner)的英国医生让他的园丁的儿子染上牛痘,然后故意让他感染天花)以检验他的假设,即经常接触牛痘(一种类似但不那么严重的病毒)的人会避免感染天花)”以及第二段“Challenge trials are frms f research where, rather than relying n data frm natural infectins, we intentinally expse smene t a disease in rder t test the effectiveness f a vaccine r treatment. (挑战试验是一种研究形式,我们不是依靠自然感染的数据,而是故意让某人接触某种疾病,以测试疫苗或治疗的有效性)”可知,作者讲述爱德华·詹纳的故事是为了介绍挑战试验的话题。故选D项。
13．答案：B
解析：推理判断题。根据第二段“Even s, there’s a cntinuus sense that there’s smething immral abut making smene ill n purpse. (即便如此,人们仍然认为故意让别人生病是不道德的)”以及第三段“But this shuldn’t blind us t the extrardinary pwer f challenge trials. They culd becme increasingly imprtant weapns in the medical research, in a situatin where vaccine technlgy is advancing and the threat f diseases jumping frm animals int human beings is increasing. (但这不应该让我们忽视挑战试验的非凡力量。在疫苗技术不断进步、疾病从动物传染给人类的威胁日益增加的情况下,它们可能成为医学研究中越来越重要的武器)”可知,尽管有风险,但挑战试验可以使许多生命受益。故选B项。
14．答案：C
解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段“In rder t make sure we are as prtected as pssible frm current and future threats, we shuld try t get rid f the misbelief in challenge trials, making them a mre familiar part f ur tl kits. Perhaps the greatest reward f all wuld be t make sure participants’ effrts are wrthwhile: by designing trials t be fair and effective and applying them when and where they might make a real difference. In shrt, by helping them t save thusands, if nt millins f lives. (为了确保我们尽可能免受当前和未来的威胁,我们应该努力消除对挑战试验的误解,使其成为我们工具箱中更为常见的一部分。也许最大的回报将是确保参与者的努力是值得的：通过设计合理、有效的试验,并在可能产生真正差异的时间和地点应用这些试验。简而言之,通过帮助他们即使不能拯救数百万人的生命,也能拯救成千上万人)”可知,本文作者想告诉我们对挑战试验应采取更开放的态度。故选C项。
15．答案：B
解析：主旨大意题。根据第二段“Challenge trials are frms f research where, rather than relying n data frm natural infectins, we intentinally expse smene t a disease in rder t test the effectiveness f a vaccine r treatment. (挑战试验是一种研究形式,我们不是依靠自然感染的数据,而是故意让某人接触某种疾病,以测试疫苗或治疗的有效性)”以及最后一句“In shrt, by helping them t save thusands, if nt millins f lives. (简而言之,通过帮助他们即使不能拯救数百万人的生命,也能拯救成千上万人)”可知,B项“Shuld we use challenge trials t find cures?”是本文最好的标题。故选B项。
16．答案：GDEBF
解析：①上文“But what if we tld yu that delaying that satisfactin and putting in sme gd, hnest sweat can actually be beneficial? It’s true!”(“但如果我们告诉你,推迟这种满足,投入一些好的、诚实的劳动实际上是有益呢？这是真的!”)这是肯定劳动是有好处的,那么下文将说明劳动有哪些好处。The prcess f labring teaches invaluable lessns that textbks simply can’t cnvey. (劳动的过程教会了教科书无法传达的宝贵教训。)符合语境。故选G。
②这是段首句,是标题句。下文“Suddenly, they’re respnsible fr shwing up n time, ding a thrugh jb, and managing their earnings. These are life skills that n classrm lecture can match. (突然之间,他们很负责,会按时到场,从头到尾多做工作,并管理自己的收入。这些都是任何课堂讲座都无法匹配的生活技能。)”这是说明劳动会培养责任感。“First, labr gradually acquires a sense f respnsibility (首先,劳动逐渐获得了一种责任感。)”,同时,First与下文的Mrever,呼应。故选D。
③上文“Mrever, labr breeds perseverance. (此外,劳动还能培养出毅力。)”。下文“Instead f thrwing in the twel, they persevere, learning frm each setback and grwing strnger in the prcess. This perseverance becmes a crnerstne fr success in all aspects f life. (他们没有认输,而是坚持不懈,从每一次挫折中学习,并在这个过程中变得更强大。这种毅力成为了在生活的各个方面取得成功的基石。)”,“Imagine a yung adult facing rejectin after rejectin while jb hunting. (想象一下,一个年轻人在求职时面临被一而再的拒绝。)”符合此语境。故选E。
④上文“But perhaps the mst prfund impact f labr is its ability t fster empathy and appreciatin. (但也许劳动最深刻的影响是它培养共情心和欣赏的能力。)”,下文“As teenagers serve meals t the less frtunate, they gain a newfund perspective n privilege and gratitude. (当青少年为不幸的人提供食物时,他们对特权和感激有了一种新的看法。)”,“Take, fr instance, vlunteering at a lcal sup kitchen. (以在当地的施粥所做志愿者为例。)”符合此语境。故选B。
⑤上文“In cnclusin, labr isn’t just abut earning a paycheck but it’s als abut shaping character and building a fundatin fr success. (总之,劳动不仅仅在于挣钱,还在于塑造性格和为成功奠定基础。)”,此句“S, the next time yu see a teenager sweating it ut n a ht summer day, remember—they’re nt just mwing lawns, they’re paving their path t a brighter future (所以,下次当你看到一个青少年在炎热的夏天大汗淋漓的时候,请记住—他们不只是在修剪草坪,他们还在为通往更光明的未来铺平道路。)”符合语境。故选F。
17．答案：C
解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：20岁的佩里在一家杂货店上夜班,当时佩里正准备去看他的祖父。A. manager经理；B. client客户；C. grandfather祖父；D. aunt姑妈,伯母。根据后文"Heart still racing frm the electric shcks, he climbed back up nt the platfrm, grabbed his things and cntinued n t his grandfather’s. (电击后心脏还在加速跳动,他爬上平台,抓起东西,继续向祖父的家走去。) "可知,佩里正准备去看他的祖父。故选C。
18．答案：A
解析：考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：在站台上,不可思议的事情发生了：一个人从站台边缘掉到电轨上了!A. fell ver 从……跌落；B. fell in排队,到期,服从；C. fell dwn倒下,跪拜；D. fell behind落后。根据后文“and nt the electrified train tracks! (到电轨上了!)”可知,一个人从站台边缘掉下去了。故选A。
19．答案：D
解析：考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当佩里和其他惊恐的乘客看到时,电流流过他的身体,他无法控制地颤抖着。A. delighted高兴的；乐意的；B. excited激动的；C. depressed情绪低落的；D. hrrified惊恐的。根据前文“a man fell ver the edge and nt the electrified train tracks! (一个人从站台边缘掉到电轨上了!)”可知,乘客看到这一幕时是惊恐的。故选D。
20．答案：A
解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：见3题。A. current气流；电流；B. xygen氧气；C. wave海浪；大海；D. bld血。根据上句“On the platfrm, smething unthinkable happened: a man fell ver the edge and nt the electrified train tracks! (在站台上,不可思议的事情发生了：一个人从站台边缘掉到电轨上了!)”可知,掉到电轨上,电流会流过他的身体。故选A。
21．答案：B
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：佩里不只是站在那里看着。A. imagine想象；B. watch看；C. shut呼喊；D. recrd记录。根据后句“He sat at the edge f the platfrm and eased himself dwn. (他坐在月台边上,慢慢地放松下来)”可知,他准备营救这个人,并不是站在那里看着。故选B。
22．答案：B
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：他以为他和那人之间的铁轨都通电了,于是迅速向受害者跳去。A. Hping希望；B. Assuming假设,认为：C. Cmplaining抱怨；D. Recalling回忆。根据本句“he quickly leaped twards the victim (他迅速向受害者跳去)”可知,他认为自己和受害者之间的铁轨都通电了,所以他迅速向受害者跳去。故选B。
23．答案：C
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：佩里快速朝下伸手,抓住了受害者的手腕。A. climbed爬；B. grabbed攫取；抓；C. reached伸出手臂；到达；D. stretched伸展,拉紧。根据本句“and grasped the victim’s wrist. (抓住了受害者的手腕。)”以及后文“He reached dwn a secnd time (他再一次朝下伸手)”可知,佩里快速朝下伸手去拉。故选C。
24．答案：A
解析：考查副词词义辨析。句意：他立刻感到一阵强烈的电击穿过他的身体。A. Instantly立刻地；B. Slightly轻微地；C. Nrmally通常,平常；D. Surprisingly惊人地,出乎意料地。根据“ 6 all rails between the man and him were electrified, he quickly leaped twards the victim (他以为他和那人之间的铁轨都通电了,于是迅速向受害者扑去)”可知,他立刻感到一阵强烈的电流穿过他的身体。故选A。
25．答案：D
解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：但第三次,他抓住了那个人的手腕和前臂,并设法将他的身体从铁轨上移开。A. train火车；B. crwds人群；C. platfrm平台；D. rails铁路。根据上文“On the platfrm, smething unthinkable happened: a man fell ver the edge and nt the electrified train tracks! (在站台上,不可思议的事情发生了：一个人从站台边缘掉到电轨上了!)”可知,受害者掉到了铁轨上,他将受害者的身体从铁轨上移开。故选D。
26．答案：C
解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：但他在那个人的心脏上按压了一会儿,直到受害者恢复了意识。A. strength体力；B. balance平衡；C. cnsciusness意识；D. cntrl控制,掌管。根据本句“he wrked n the man’s heart (他对受害者进行胸部按压)”可知,受害者失去了意识,所以进行胸部按压。故选C。
27．答案：B
解析：考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：佩里让专业人士接手。A. lk ahead向前看；B. take ver接管；C. get arund规避,逃避；D. keep away远离,避开。根据上句“Then, first-aiders arrived (随后,急救人员赶到了)”可知,急救人员赶到后,佩里让他们接手。故选B。
28．答案：A
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：他的心脏还因电击跳得很快,他往上爬回到站台,抓起他的东西,继续往爷爷家里赶。A. climbed攀登；爬；B. jumped跳；C. wund使气急,蜿蜒；上发条；D. walked陪伴……走；散步。根据后文“back up nt the platfrm, grabbed his things and cntinued n t his grandfather’s.(回到站台,抓起他的东西,继续往爷爷家里赶。)”可知,佩里爬回到站台,抓起自己的东西。故选A。
29．答案：B
解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：见12题。A. clthes衣服；B. things (个人的)物品；物；C. pssessins个人财产；占有；D. bks书。根据后文“and cntinued n t his grandfather’s. (继续往爷爷家里赶。)”可知,佩里拿起他的东西。故选B。
30．答案：D
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：晚间新闻报道了这一事件,并称赞一位无名英雄挽救了受害者的生命。A. prviding提供；B. engaging参加；C. assisting帮助；D. crediting赞扬。根据本句“an unnamed her with saving the victim’s life (一位无名英雄挽救了受害者的生命)”可知,英勇救人的事迹是值得赞扬的。故选D。
31．答案：C
解析：考查形容词词义辨析。句意：对许多人来说,佩里的勇敢事迹表明了选择同情别人而非考虑个人安全的力量。A. generus慷慨的；B. grateful感谢的,感激的；C. curageus勇敢的；D. faithful忠实的,忠诚的。根据上文“But the third time he seized the man’s wrist and frearm, and managed t mve the guy’s bdy away frm the 9 . (但第三次,他抓住了那个人的手腕和前臂,并设法将他的身体从铁轨上移开。)”可知,佩里在火车站不顾个人的安危,勇敢地拯救了跌落在铁轨上的受害者。故选C。
32．答案：fifth；gradually；which；leading；materials；arranged；t use；has appeared；traditinal；child’s
解析：①考查序数词。句意：算盘是一种起源于中国的手动计数辅助工具,被英国著名的生物化学家和历史学家Jseph Needham称为中国第五大发明。分析句子结构可知,填空处应用序数词作定语。故填fifth。
②考查副词。句意：早在西汉(公元前206年至公元24年),中国人就使用木棒或骨棒进行计算。然而,由于计算时间长,这些棒子逐渐发展成为算盘。分析句子结构可知,填空处应用副词作状语。故填gradually。
③考查关系代词。句意：早期的算盘使用小圆珠而不是长杆,这是相对笨拙的。分析句子结构可知,填空处需用关系词引导非限制性定语从句,关系词在从句中作主语。故填which。
④考查非谓语动词。句意：随着时间的推移,珠子的数量增加,导致七珠算盘从原来的五珠算盘适应了十六进制。分析句子结构可知,填空处应用现在分词作状语,故填leading。
⑤考查名词。句意：现存的算盘形状各异,材料也不尽相同。填空处需用名词复数形式。故填materials。
⑥考查非谓语动词。句意：一个典型的算盘大多是木制的,由一系列排列在长方形木制框架中的珠子组成。分析句子结构可知,填空处应用过去分词作定语。故填arranged。
⑦考查非谓语动词。句意：算盘制作简单、价格实惠、使用方便,在中国得到了广泛应用,并从那里逐渐传播到韩国、美国和东南亚等国家和地区。分析句子结构可知,填空处应用不定式作状语。故填t use。
⑧考查谓语动词时态、语态和主谓一致。句意：在今天的计算机和其他电子设备时代,虽然很少有人使用算盘,但它已经成为中国计数的象征。近年来,它频繁出现在邮票和明信片上。由时间状语In recent years可知,填空处要用现在完成时态。故填has appeared。
⑨考查形容词。句意：例如“抓周”是中国传统的庆祝孩子一岁生日的活动,在孩子面前摆放几件物品供孩子选择。分析句子结构可知,填空处应用形容词作定语。故填traditinal。
⑩考查名词所有格。句意：见⑨。分析句子结构可知,填空处应用名词所有格作定语。故填child’s。
33．答案：
Dear editr,
I’m Li Hua, a student f Class 1. In tday’s cmpetitive wrld, it’s nt unusual fr yung peple t suffer frm mental prblems. S I am fully in favr f establishing a Mental Health Club in ur schl.
Fr ne thing, it prvides a safe and supprtive envirnment fr us students t pur ut ur hearts freely. Fr anther, in the club, we can gain prfessinal guidance n hw t cpe with stress, emtins and relatinships with thers, which will in turn imprve ur well-being. Furthermre, a Mental Health Club will help fster a culture f understanding and break dwn the invisible prejudice against mental prblems.
Persnally, I think mental health is f equal imprtance t academic recrd. Hpe that the Mental Health Club will be set up as early as pssible.
Yurs sincerely,
Li Hua
解析：
[高分句型] 1. In tday’s cmpetitive wrld, it’s nt unusual fr yung peple t suffer frm mental prblems. (运用了it作形式主语)
[高分句型] 2. Fr anther, in the club, we can gain prfessinal guidance n hw t cpe with stress, emtins and relatinships with thers, which will in turn imprve ur well-being. (运用了“疑问词+不定式”固定结构作宾语,which引导非限制性定语从句)
34．答案： Then a miracle ccurred. The little by’s heart began t beat. Slwly at first and then mre steadily. In ten minutes, his clr turned a beautiful shade f pink and his pupils became reactive. All dctrs and nurses present were wild with delight. And relief swept ver my bdy and tears streamed dwn my face. I was in awe knwing I had received a very special invitatin t witness a miracle. When I tld the gd news t his parents, they were chked with tears and culdn’t wait t see their sn.
Watching the scene, I made a prmise t myself that night. A prmise t never again let a day g by when I didn’t hug my sn and tell him that I lved him. He wuld never leave this Earth withut knwing hw much I lved him. It n lnger mattered if he returned my lve r if he pushed me away. I just wanted him t be healthy and grw up in an envirnment surrunded by lve. In the mnths and years that fllwed, I kept my prmise. He has dne very well and is tday a very happy, lving little by.
解析：
1. 段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“然后奇迹发生了”可知,第一段可描写男孩逐渐恢复生命体征的过程以及作者告知其父母。
②由第二段首句内容“看着这一幕,那天晚上我对自己许下了一个承诺”可知,第二段可描写作者从这件事中得到的感悟和承诺。
2. 续写线索：奇迹发生—男孩幸存—告知父母作者承诺—作者感悟
[高分句型1] When I tld the gd news t his parents, they were chked with tears and culdn’t wait t see their sn. (运用了when引导时间状语从句)
[高分句型2] In the mnths and years that fllwed, I kept my prmise. (运用that引导定语从句)