广州外国语学校2022-2023学年八年级上学期开学考英语试卷(含答案)

这是一份广州外国语学校2022-2023学年八年级上学期开学考英语试卷(含答案)，共17页。试卷主要包含了完形填空，阅读理解，短文填空题等内容，欢迎下载使用。

一、完形填空
When I was yung, I really wanted a new bike! As a 1 by, I 2 my parents my birthday wish, and I knew there was 3 hpe because my family culd hardly have that mney.
4 my birthday, my parents tld me they had my gift utside in the backyard. At nce, I rushed ut t the yard. There was my bike, but it wasn’t the bike 5 I thught it wuld be. This ne was pink, ld and wrn with age. It was s 6 ! I thught I hurt my parents feeling because I culd see the disappintment n their faces and I was sure they culd see it n 7 . I gt n the bike and rde it, feeling bad that I had made my parents 8 this way. S I rde as 9 as I culd and didn’t lk back.
As time went by, I had many 10 experiences and began t understand I 11 smething mre than just a rusty(生锈的) ld bike. My parents gave me a life lessn abut lve. When yu give smething ut f lve, it desn’t matter 12 in fact. What matter is 13 lve that is in it. I like t remember this stry 14 giving a gift is nt abut mney. It is abut hw much lve yu can feel frm it. D remember, a gift that csts tw dllars isn’t any less valuable than ne that csts tw 15 dllars, r even mre.
1．A. 12 years ldB. 12 year ldC. 12-year-ldD. 12-years-ld
2．A. tellB. t tellC. tellingD. tld
3．A. a fewB. a littleC. fewD. little
4．A. InB. AtC. OnD. Fr
5．A. whB. whseC. whereD. which
6．A. disappintingB. disappintedC. disappintD. disappints
7．A. IB. myC. mineD. me
8．A. feelB. t feelC. feelingD. felt
9．A. fastB. fasterC. mre fasterD. fastest
10．A. antherB. the therC. therD. thers
11．A. giveB. am givenC. was givenD. was giving
12．A. what was itB. what it wasC. what is itD. what it is
13．A. aB. anC. theD. /
14．A. becauseB. thughC. ifD. unless
15．A. hundredB. hundredsC. hundred fD. hundreds f
Once, in a small village, lived a family with eight children. Tw f the children lved 1 very much, but the family was s pr that it was 2 t send bth f them t study at the art cllege at the same time. After many discussins, the tw bys finally wrked ut a plan. They wuld tss a cin. The lser wuld g dwn int the mines(煤矿) and, with his 3 , pay his brther studying at the cllege. Then, when the brther wh wn the tss finished his studies, after fur years, he wuld supprt the ther brther studying at the cllege.
James 4 the tss and Jack went dwn int the mines. James wrked with all his heart and his paintings were much 5 than thse f mst his teachers, and by the time he 6 , he was beginning t make a lt f mney fr his paintings.
James 7 . When he tld Jack he culd g t the art cllege, Jack said 8 , “Brther, the fur years in the mines has dne t much t my hands, s it’s t 9 . Nw I can’t even hld a glass.”
T shw his great lve and respect, James drew his brther’s 10 with fingers twards the sky.
He called his drawing “The Praying Hands”, which became very famus years later.
16．A. swimmingB. skatingC. paintingD. dancing
17．A. imprtantB. pssibleC. unimprtantD. impssible
18．A. familyB. mneyC. artD. cllege
19．A. wnB. lseC. likedD. accepted
20．A. cheaperB. wrseC. betterD. lder
21．A. waitedB. graduatedC. walkedD. arrived
22．A. returnedB. leftC. studiedD. wrked
23．A. happilyB. bravelyC. sftlyD. angrily
24．A. lateB. earlyC. gdD. helpful
25．A. handsB. feetC. armsD. legs
二、阅读理解
Teenager Jake Deham was skiing with his family in the US when he fell ver and lst ne f his skis. His family didn’t knw that he had a prblem. They kept n skiing. When they gt t the ft f the muntain, there was n sign f Jake.
Jake culdn’t find his ski anywhere. In the end, he decided t take ff his ther ski and walk dwn the muntain. But he culdn’t wrkut the right way lg.
It was nw getting dark and he was a lng way frm anyplace f safety. He knew that he might die that night because f the lw temperature. But Jake kept calm. At hme, Jake watched a lt f prgrammes abut living in difficult situatins. He remembered the advice frm these prgrammes and knew that he shuld build a hle in the snw. He made a hle s the wind culdn’t blw int it. Outside his hle the temperature fell t a dangerus -15℃ that night, but inside it Jake was safe frm the cld.
After the lng evening passed, Jake began t think his way ut. He had t get dwn the muntain. The TV prgrammes always said, “If yu are lst, yu shuld find smene else’s tracks (足迹) thrugh the snw and fllw them.” “I wanted t live my life.” Remembered Jake. “S I gt up and I fund sme ski tracks and I fllwed thse.” He walked and walked and finally saw lights ...
His mum was very happy when she heard his sn was saved. Amazingly, Jake didn’t even have t g t hspital. He gt thrugh the terrible experience withut any injuries.
S, the next time smene says that watching TV is a waste f time, think f Jake. Smetimes TV can save yur life!
26．When did Jake’s parents knw that he was missing?
A. When Jake cntacted them n the phne.
B. When they began t ski dwn the muntain.
C. When they reached the ft f the muntain.
D. When Jake lst ne f his skis.
27．What was the mst imprtant decisin Jake made fr his safety?
A. T g skiing with his family in the US.
B. T search fr the ski that he had lst in the snw.
C. T take ff his ther ski and walk dwn the muntain.
D. T build a hle in the snw t keep himself warm.
28．In what rder did the fllwing take place in the stry?
a. Jake made a hle in the shw.
b. Jake lst ne f his skis.
c. Jake finally saw lights.
d. Jake fllwed sme tracks.
e. Jake tk ff his ther ski.
A. b-e-a-d-cB. a-b-e-c-dC. d-e-b-a-cD. b-c-e-a-d
29．What prbably happen t Jake when he saw lights?
A. Jake's parents came t search and saved him.
B. Jake went back t the hle and waited there.
C. Jake fund his lst ski and skied dwn by himself.
D. Jake fund a team f men wh came t save him.
30．What can we learn frm the stry?
A. It is dangerus fr us t travel alne.
B. Keep calm when feeling difficulties.
C. Never give up and yu will be successful.
D. It is a waste f time t watch TV.
When I was a kid in Minnesta, watermeln was expensive. One f my father’s friends, Bernie, was a rich businessman, wh wned a large stre in St. Paul.
Every summer, when the first watermelns arrived, Bernie wuld call us. Dad and I wuld g t Bernie’s place. We’d sit n the edge f the dck(码头), swung ur legs and gt ready fr a big meal.
Bernie wuld take his knife, cut ur first watermeln, hand us bth a big piece and sit dwn next t us. Then we’d hide ur faces in watermeln, eating nly the heart—the reddest, juiciest, firmest, sweetest, mst seed-free part—and thrw away the rest. Bernie just smiled and lked at it patiently with satisfactin.
Bernie was my father’s idea f a rich man. I always thught it was because he was such a successful businessman. Years later, I realized that it was nt Bernie’s wealth itself but his way f dealing with it that my father liked. Bernie knew hw t stp wrking, get tgether with friends and eat nly the heart f the watermeln.
What I learned frm Bernie is that being rich is a state f mind. Sme f us, n matter hw much mney we have, will never be free enugh t eat nly the heart f the watermeln. If yu dn’t take the time t dangle yur feet ver the dck and enjy life’s small pleasure, yur wrk is prbably hurting yur life.
Fr many years, I frgt that lessn I’d learned as a kid n the lading dck. I was t busy making all the mney I culd.
Well, I’ve relearned it. I hpe I have time left t enjy the success f thers and t take pleasure in the day. That’s the heart f the watermeln. I have learned again t thrw the rest away.
31．Accrding t the secnd paragraph, hw were the writer and his father feeling?
A. relaxed.B. wrried.C. hungry.D. tired.
32．Hw did the writer and his father eat the watermeln?
A. They ate it in a plite way.B. They nly ate its best part.
C. They ate every part f it.D. They shared nly ne piece.
33．In the eyes f the writer’s father, Bernie _________.
A. was just a rich businessmanB. wrked hard all the time
C. lived a rich but healthy lifeD. knew hw t make mney
34．The underlined part “the heart f the watermeln” in the last paragraph refers t _________.
A. the best part f the watermeln
B. the writer’s busy life
C. the writer’s decisin f making mney
D. the writer’s hpe f enjying life
35．What can be learned frm the passage?
A. One has t wrk hard t reach his gal.
B. One shuld help a friend in truble.
C. Watermeln is the healthiest fruit
D. One shuld keep wrk-life balance.
Artist and cyclist explrer(骑自行车探险家) Simn Gansai has just returned hme in Birmingham after a 900-mile trip alng the cast f Ireland n her bike. Sima Gansai learned mre abut Ireland frm stries and recmmendatins(建议) frm Irish friends in Birmingham and thse she met n the way.
The idea f having the trip was started by her Irish friends wh always share their memries and stries abut living in Ireland. She lved strytelling and decided t lk fr mre and speak t members f the Irish Welfare Club. They marked all the places they came frm n a map, which gave her the idea f cycling cast-t-cast in Ireland and see by herself where their stries came frm.
Staring frm Dublin and finishing in Belfast during six weeks, she cycled 40 miles a day passing thrugh many cities, twns and villages, asking lcal peple where t travel next. Sima Gansai met many kind-hearted strangers. Her daily plan was t cycle 4 hurs a day, find a place t stay, g ut fr sme fd and then visit the pubs t find stries. Pubs were like cmmunity centers and she fund after a few hurs peple wuld be lining up t tell her their recmmendatins and stries.
Sima Gansai said, “I filmed as much f the jurney as I culd.” Sima Gansai’s explratin will nw be written int a bk and made int a film abut the special side f Ireland, Yu can see mre f her jurney n her Myspace page.
36．We can learn the fllwing frm the first paragraph EXCEPT ________.
A. where Sima Gansai lived
B. hw Sima Gansai traveled in Ireland
C. hw lng Sima Gansai’s jurney was
D. when Sima Gansai finished her travel
37．Why did Sima Gansai start her cast-t-cast trip in Ireland?
A. T make much f her jurney int film.
B. T meet mre kind-hearted Trish peple.
C. T cllect mre stries abut Ireland.
D. T share her explratin with readers.
38．Whm des the underlined wrd “they” refer t in the secnd paragraph?
A. Kind-hearted strangers.B. Sima Gansai’s family members.
C. Sima Gansai’s Irish friends.D. Irish strangers.
39．We are tld in the passage that________ .
A. it was the first time that Sima Gansai cycled t travel
B. Sima Gansai started her jurney in Belfast, Ireland
C. Sima Gansai's friends visited Ireland with her tgether
D. many Irish peple waited t tell Sima Gansai stries
40．What did Sima Gansai d during her jurney?
A. She lined up t listen t stries.B. She mad ca map f Ireland.
C. She cycled 40 miles a day.D. She wrte a bk abut her explratin.
Rbts are suppsed t run n batteries, right? Well nt all f them.
Scientists in England have built a kind f small rbts that get their energy frm dead flies, bad apples, r sugar.
One rbt, called Slugbt, was even designed t hunt(猎取) garden slugs fr dinner!
What’s up with all that fd?
Well, scientists at the Bristl Rbtics Labratry want t invent rbts that can perate fr a lng time in dark, dirty, r dangerus places.
Many f thse spts, like the seaflr r Antarctica, dn’t have electrical sckets(插座).
S inventr Chris Melhuish came up with a better idea: Build rbts that get their energy just like animals d by hunting and eating fd frm their envirnment.
One rbt, called Ecbt Ⅱ, culd run fr 12 days n a diet f eight flies! Of curse, it’d still get a lt mre pwer frm ne AA battery, thugh.
Melhuish says his team is nw wrking n a new and imprved rbt, called Ecbt III, which will have a better digestin system.
It seems that after an eight-fly dinner, Ecbt II culdn’t deal with the leftver(剩下的) “waste”.
Maybe restrms in the future will have signs fr bys, girls, and rbts.
41．An rdinary rbt usually ________.
A. gets its energy frm sugar
B. depends n batteries t wrk
C. can get fd fr itself
D. can wrk a few minutes withut energy
42．Frm the passage, we can infer that a slug ________.
A. is a kind f insectB. is a kind f fish
C. can’t see SlugbtD. can eat Slugbt
43．What kind f rbts d inventr Chris Melhuish want?
A. Rbts that can prvide peple with fd.
B. Rbts that can wrk in dangerus places.
C. Rbts that can get energy fr themselves.
D. Rbts that can be very small.
44．Which f the fllwing is NOT true accrding t this passage?
A. Rbts need t wrk in places that have n sckets fr pwer.
B. Melhuish is nt very satisfied with Ecbt Ⅱ.
C. Maybe there will be three kinds f restrms in the future.
D. Ecbt Ⅱ can turn its flies int energy cmpletely.
45．What des the passage mainly tell us?
A. Rbts are hard things t invent.
B. Scientists are wrking t imprve rbts.
C. Rbts in the future need t eat fd like human.
D. Scientists at the Bristl Rbtics Labratry are gd at rbts.
Flights are ften canceled fr many different reasns, including snw, cluds, r even a bird getting caught in an airplane’s engine. But yu never think that t much sunshine wuld stp a plane frm taking ff.
Unfrtunately fr passengers in Phenix, US this summer, their travel plans were ruined when mre than 40 flights f the lcal airprt were canceled after temperatures went t 48℃. This is the maximum temperature that many smaller planes are allwed t fly at.
S what is it that makes flying in extreme heat s dangerus? The answer lies in hw thick the air is.
“As air warms up, it expands(膨胀), and there’s fewer mlecules(分子) under yur wings,” a prfessr at Embry-Riddle Aernautical University in the US said.
When the temperature is high and the air becmes thin, “Yu need mre f everything. Yu need mre thrust(推力) t take ff. Yu need mre distance t take ff. Yu need mre distance t land. It’s t much fr sme planes,” the prfessr explained.
The US’ Suthwest, where Phenix is lcated, is experiencing an unusually ht summer. This June was its third-httest n recrd. Up t 10 peple are thught t have died as a result f the ht weather.
The unexpected heat tk airlines by surprise, causing them t cancel all flights running in smaller planes fr the safety f their passengers.
But what abut cities whse temperatures are high every summer?
Many airlines in ht Gulf cuntries such as the United Arb Emirates perate many flights at night r in the early mrning t avid the prblem f thin air. They als mainly use larger planes, which are able t perate in greater heat than smaller jets.
After the temperature in Phenix cntinued t climb ver 40℃ thrughut the rest f the summer, maybe nw wuld be a gd time fr airlines t buy bigger planes in time fr next year’s heat wave.
46．Which f the fllwing reasns f canceling flights is NOT mentined in the passage?
A. Snw.B. Cluds.C. Sandstrm.D. Birds.
47．When the weather is t ht, ________.
A. planes are easier t breakdwn
B. planes need mre pwer and distance t take ff
C. there is much mre air under the wings f a plane
D. smaller planes are safer fr passengers
48．Hw d airlines in Gulf cuntries deal with high temperatures?
A. They perate less flights in summer.
B. They mainly use small planes.
C. They build lng runways fr planes.
D. They perate fewer flights at nn.
49．What des the underlined wrd “maximum” in the secnd paragraph mean?
A. highestB. lwestC. bestD. wrst
50．What’s the article mainly abut?
A. Flight accidents caused by extreme heat.
B. Perfect flying cnditin fr airplane.
C. The latest change f flight safety rules.
D. Hw ht weather influences flights.
三、短文填空题
51．Mst f us think the telephne was invented by Alexander Graham Bell. ①_______ In fact, an Italian named Antni Meucci was fficially recgnized（认定）as the inventr a few years ag. Wh is Meucci and why wasn’t he knwn fr his inventin at the time?
Antnin Meucci was brn in Italy in 1808. He studied engineering and drawing. During his studies, Meucci started t experiment with electricity. ②_______ When tw places were cnnected with wire, peple in thse places culd hear each ther talk.
In 1850, Meucci and his wife Ester mved t New Yrk. Meucci was wrried abut his wife, because she had becme very ill. ③_______ T slve this prblem, he cnnected metal cables between his hme and his wrkshp. This way, they culd talk t each ther cnveniently.
Meucci invited a grup f peple t see his new inventin. They listened in amazement as the vice f a singer was heard thrugh the wires. ④_______ Even wrse, Meucci never applied fr a patent（专利）n his inventin. Meanwhile, Alexander Graham Bell was wrking n the same idea and in 1876 the patent fr the telephne was given t him.
In 2002, mre than a century after Meucci’s death, his wrk was finally recgnized by the gvernment. ⑤_______
A. He discvered that sund culd travel thrugh metal cables.
B. Hwever he wasn’t the first persn t think f the idea.
C. Unfrtunately, nly a few peple attended this talk.
D. He will nw be knwn all ver the wrld as the telephne’s inventr.
E. He needed t keep in tuch with her at all times.
参考答案
1．答案：C
解析：考查短语词辨析．A12岁，作表语，后不能跟名词；B错误；C12岁，相当于形容词，作定语，后要跟名词；D错误；根据后面by，名词，前面要用形容词，故答案是C．
2．答案：D
解析：考查动词辨析．A原形；B不定式；C现在分词；D过去式； 根据前面When I was yung可知时态是一般过去时，故动词要用过去式，故答案是D．
3．答案：D
解析：考查形容词辨析．A几个，后面加可数名词复数形式；B一点点，后面加不可数名词；C几乎没有，表否定，后面加可数名词复数；根据后面hpe because my family culd hardly have that mney，hpe是不可数名词，排除A、C，根据后面几乎没有钱，所以也没有希望，故答案是D．
4．答案：C
解析：考查介词辨析．A在……里，加一段时间；B在……加时刻；C在具体某一天；D为……加一段时间；根据后面my birthday我的生日，是具体某一天，故答案是C．
5．答案：D
解析：考查代词辨析．A谁；B谁的；C哪儿；D哪个；根据题干是定语从句，先行词是the bike物，故答案是D．
6．答案：A
解析：考查形容词辨析．A令人失望的，主语一般是物；B令人失望的，主语一般是人；C失望的，动词；D失望的，第三人称单数形式；根据 It was s，要有形容词作表语，主语是物，故答案是A．
7．答案：C
解析：考查代词辨析．A我，主格，B我的，形容词性物主代词；C我的，名词性物主代词；D我，宾格形式；根据I thught I hurt my parents' feeling because I culd see the disappintment n their faces and I was sure they culd see it n我想我伤害了父母的感情，因为我可以看到他们脸上的失望，我相信他们能看到我的脸上的，要用名词性物主代词，故答案是C．
8．答案：A
解析：考查动词辨析．A原形；B不定式；C现在分词；D过去式；根据前面made，后面要用动词原形，故答案是A．
9．答案：A
解析：考查形容词辨析．A快的；B更快的；C错误；D最快的；根据题干，as…as中间要用原形，故答案是A．
10．答案：C
解析：考查代词辨析．A另一个（一般指三者及以上）；B另一个；指两者中另一个；C另外的，后面一般要加名词复数形式；D别的，其它的，相当于形容词加名词；根据后面experiences 是名词复数形式，故答案是C．
11．答案：C
解析：考查动词辨析．A原形；B被动语态，一般现在时；C被动语态，一般过去时；D过去进行时；根据 began t understand I（11）smething mre than just a rusty（生锈的） ld bike可知时态是一般过去时结合句意，应该是我被给予的不仅仅是一辆生锈的自行车，主语是动词的承受者，要用被动语态，构成是was/were+过去分词，故答案是C．
12．答案：D
解析：考查短语辨析．根据 it desn't matter可知时态是一般现在时，排除A、B；后面要用陈述语序，故答案是D．
13．答案：C
解析：考查冠词辨析．A一，用于首字母是辅音音素前；B一，用于首字母是元音音素前；C特指，D不填；根据What matter is（13）lve that is in it，重要的是爱在里面，特指，故答案是C．
14．答案：A
解析：考查连词辨析．A因为；B即使；C如果；D除非；根据 I like t remember this stry（14）giving a gift is nt abut mney，我喜欢记住这个故事，后面说给予礼物不仅仅是钱，因果关系，故答案是A．
15．答案：A
解析：考查名词辨析．根据题干，考查固定用法，根据前面tw，thundred前面有具体数时，只能用单数形式，且不加f，故答案是A．
16．答案：C
解析：句意:两个孩子非常喜欢画画。swimming游泳;skating滑冰;painting画画;dancing跳舞。根据“study at the art cllege”可知，是喜欢画画，故选C。
17．答案：D
解析：句意:但是家里太穷了，不可能同时送他们两个去艺术学院学习。imprtant重要的;pssible可能的;unimprtant不重要的;impssible不可能的。根据“but the family was s pr”可知，家里太穷了，所以同时送两个孩子去艺术学院学习是不可能的，故选D。
18．答案：B
解析：句意:输了的人会到矿井里去，用他的钱给他上大学的兄弟支付学费。family家人;mney金钱;art美术;cllege大学。根据“The lser wuld g dwn int the mines(煤矿) and, with his ..., pay his brther studying at the cllege”可知，去煤矿工作的那个人用得来的工资支付另一个人的学费，故选B。
19．答案：A
解析：句意:詹姆斯掷币赢了，杰克下了矿。wn赢;lse失去;liked喜欢;accepted接受。根据“James... the tss and Jack went dwn int the mines”可知，杰克下矿，说明他输了，相对的就是詹姆斯赢了，故选A。
20．答案：C
解析：句意:詹姆斯全身心地投入工作，他的画比他大多数老师的画都要好得多。cheaper更便宜的;wrse更差的;better更好的;lder更老的。根据“James wrked with all his heart and his paintings were very thse f mst his teachers”可知，詹姆斯画得比老师还好，故选C。
21．答案：B
解析：句意:到他毕业的时候，他已经开始靠画赚很多钱了。waited等待;graduated毕业;walked走路;arrived到达。根据“he was beginning t make a lt f mney fr his paintings”可知，毕业之后开始靠画赚钱，故选B。
22．答案：A
解析：句意:詹姆斯回来了。returned返回;left离开;studied学习;wrked工作。根据“When he tld Jack he culd g t the art cllege”可知，詹姆斯回来告诉杰克可以去读大学了，故选A。
23．答案：C
解析：句意:当他告诉杰克他可以去上艺术学院时，杰克轻声说:“兄弟，在矿里的四年对我的手造成了很大的伤害，所以已经太迟了。” happily开心地;bravely勇敢地;sftly轻声地;angrily生气地。根据“Brther, the fur years in the mines has dne t much t my hands, s it's t...”可知，杰克讲话时带着遗憾，所以轻声说，故选C。
24．答案：A
解析：句意:当他告诉杰克他可以去上艺术学院时，杰克轻声说:“兄弟，在矿里的四年对我的手造成了很大的伤害，所以已经太迟了。”late晚的，晚;early早地;gd好的;helpful乐于助人的。根据“Nw I can't even hld a glass.”可知，连杯子都握不住了，所以去学画太迟了，故选A。
25．答案：A
解析：句意:为了表示他对哥哥的爱和尊重，詹姆斯用手指把他的手指向天空。hands手;feet脚;arms胳膊;legs腿。根据“He called his drawing The Praying Hands”可知，这幅画是与“手”有关，故选A。
26．答案：C
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27．答案：D
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28．答案：A
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29．答案：D
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30．答案：B
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31．答案：A
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32．答案：B
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33．答案：C
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34．答案：D
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35．答案：D
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36．答案：D
解析：细节理解题。第一段主要介绍了Sima Gansai沿爱尔兰海岸旅行的情况,包括了她的旅行方式、路程、收获和她个人的基本情况,因此只有选项D“Sima Gansai何时结束旅行”没有提到。故选D。
37．答案：C
解析：推理判断题。根据第二段中“She lved strytelling and decided t lk fr mre and speak t members f the Irish Welfare Club.”可推断,她旅行的目的是搜集更多的关于爱尔兰的故事。故选C。
38．答案：C
解析：代词指代题。第二段讲述了爱尔兰的朋友给Sima Gansai讲那里的故事及他们对她的帮助。由此可知，they指代Sima Gansai的爱尔兰朋友。故选C。
39．答案：D
解析：细节理解题。根据第三段中“ wuld be lining up t tell her their recmmendatins and stries.”可知,许多爱尔兰人等着给Sima Gansai讲故事。故选D。
40．答案：C
解析：细节理解题。根据第三段中“Starting frm Dublin and finishing in Belfast during six weeks, she cycled 40 miles a day passing thrugh many cities”可知,Sima Gansai在旅途中每天骑行40英里。故选C。
41．答案：B
解析：细节理解题。由第一段第一句可知，普通的机器人一般靠电池来工作。故选B。
42．答案：A
解析：推理判断题。由第二段中的“frm dead flies”及第三段中的“t hunt garden”可推断，a slug是一种昆虫。故选A。
43．答案：C
解析：细节理解题。由“S inventr Chris Melhuish came up with a better idea: Build rbts that get their energy just like animals d by hunting and eating fd frm their envirnment.”可知，Chris Melhuish想要一种能自己获取能量的机器人。故选C。
44．答案：D
解析：推理判断题。由“It seems that after an eight fly dinner, Ecbt II culdn't deal with the leftver(剩下的)‘waste’.”可知，EcbtⅡ不会处理掉它消化后剩下的“垃圾”，故推知它不能完全把食物转化为能量。故选D。
45．答案：B
解析：主旨大意题。本文通过对新型机器人的介绍及科学家们的设想，让我们了解到了科学家们正在努力改进机器人。故选B。
46．答案：C
解析：细节理解题。根据第1段" Flights are ften canceled fr many different reasns, including snw, cluds, r even a bird getting caught in an airplane’s engine."（航班经常因为各种不同的原因被取消，包括下雪、云层，甚至是一只鸟被困在飞机的引擎里。）可知，航班被取消的原因很多，包括雪、云，甚至是一只鸟被困在飞机的引擎里，故选C。
47．答案：B
解析：细节理解题。根据第5段"When the temperature is high and the air becmes thin， "Yu need mre f everything.Yu need mre thrust（推力） t take ff.Yu need mre distance t take ff.Yu need mre distance t land.It's t much fr sme planes，" the prfessr explained."（当气温升高，空气变得稀薄时，"你需要更多的东西。你需要更大的推力才能起飞。你需要更多的距离才能起飞。你需要更长的距离才能着陆。这对某些飞机来说太大了，"教授解释道。）可知，高温时需要更多推力，更长的距离来起飞。故选B。
48．答案：D
解析：细节理解题。根据第9段" Many airlines in ht Gulf cuntries such as the United Arb Emirates perate many flights at night r in the early mrning t avid the prblem f thin air."（在炎热的海湾国家，如阿联酋，许多航空公司在夜间或清晨运营许多航班，以避免空气稀薄的问题。）可知，为避免高温，海湾国家航班更多在夜里或清晨，减少中午的飞行次数。故选D。
49．答案：A
解析：词义猜测题。根据第2段" Unfrtunately fr passengers in Phenix，US this summer，their travel plans were ruined when mre than 40 flights f the lcal airprt were canceled after temperatures went t 48℃.This is the maximum temperature that many smaller planes are allwed t fly at."（不幸的是，今年夏天，美国凤凰城的乘客们的旅行计划被毁了，当地机场的40多个航班因气温达到48℃而取消。这是许多小型飞机允许飞行的最高温度。）可知，温度达到48℃，航班就被取消了，可见这个温度是允许飞行的最高温度，所以划线单词与highest词义相近，故选A。
50．答案：D
解析：主旨大意题。根据第一段" But yu never think that t much sunshine wuld stp a plane frm taking ff."（但你永远不会想到太多的阳光会阻止飞机起飞。）可知，文章主要说明高温如何影响飞机飞行。故选D。
51．答案：BAECD
解析：①考查上下文理解，根据下文“In fact, an Italian named Antni Meucci was fficially recgnized as the inventr a few years ag.”可知，Alexander Graham Bell 不是第一个发明电话的人。故答案选 B。
②考查上下文理解，根据下文“When tw places were cnnected with wire, peple in thse places culd hear each ther talk.”可知，前文应是说声音可以通过金属电缆传递。故答案选A。
③考查上下文理解，根据上文"she had becme very ill"和下文"This way, they culd talk t each ther cnveniently."可知，Antni Meucci 的妻子生病了，他想与妻子保持联系，所以发明了电话。故答案选E。
④考查上下文理解，根据上文“They listened in amazement as the vice f a singer was heard thrugh the wires.”可知，很少人相信他的发明，所以很少人出席他的演讲。故答案选 C。
⑤考查上下文理解。根据上文“In 2002, mre than a century after Meucci's death, his wrk was finally recgnized by the gvernment.”可知，在他死后的一个多世纪，他的发明被政府认定了，所以现在他被世界知道他是电话的发明者。故答案选D。