英语：北京市石景山区2022-2023学年高二下学期期末试题（解析版）

这是一份英语：北京市石景山区2022-2023学年高二下学期期末试题（解析版），共20页。试卷主要包含了5分，共15分)， A等内容，欢迎下载使用。
第一节 完形填空(共10小题;每小题1.5分，共15分)
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
My jurney hme frm schl is nthing special. I usually find a seat and start checking my ___1___, making sure, like everyne else, nt t lk at ther peple.
But last Tuesday was ___2___. I was texting my friends when the train suddenly stpped. Then after abut five minutes, peple were starting t get a bit ___3___. Then the annuncement came: “We are srry t annunce that this train is delayed. A train is badly brken dwn in frnt f us.”
There was a lud gran (叹息) thrughut the carriage but then smething unexpected happened: ___4___ strangers started talking t each ther. At first, everyne just cmplained abut the ___5___, but then peple started talking abut real things. I chatted t a cuple f yung turists sitting ppsite me. Then I decided t g fr a walk dwn the train. I met a wman wh had been a ___6___ at my schl several years befre.
Peple ffered each ther fd and drink. A yung wman tk her ___7___ and sn we were singing alng. Then we heard a sick by in anther part f the train needed help, and the wman frm my schl jumped int actin. It turned ut she was a nurse, and when she came back she was welcmed as a ___8___.
Then, after tw and a half hurs, we started mving again. Everyne ___9___ and sme peple, cmplete strangers three hurs befre, even hugged.
I tk the train again n Wednesday but nthing ____10____. I’ll never frget the day the train stpped and peple started talking.
1. A. phneB. seatC. purseD. mistake
2. A. excellentB. hrribleC. differentD. desperate
3. A. embarrassedB. upsetC. surprisedD. satisfied
4. A. angryB. gentleC. unluckyD. cmplete
5. A. seatsB. trainsC. strangersD. schls
6. A. studentB. nurseC. teacherD. driver
7. A. babyB. textbkC. fdD. guitar
8. A. mtherB. dctrC. herD. winner
9. A. jumpedB. chattedC. cheeredD. cried
10. A. passedB. changedC. happenedD. disappeared
【参考答案】1. A 2. C 3. B 4. D 5. B 6. A 7. D 8. C 9. C
10. C
【语篇解读】这是一篇记叙文。文章作者讲述自己从学校回家所乘坐火车的一次难忘的经历。
【1题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我通常找个座位，然后开始看手机，像其他人一样，确保不看别人。A. phne电话；B. seat座位；C. purse钱包；D. mistake错误。根据后文的“I was texting my friends”可知，“我”在看手机。故选A项。
【2题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但上周二的情况有所不同。A. excellent优秀的；B. hrrible可怕的；C. different不同的；D. desperate绝望的。根据后文的“when the train suddenly stpped.”可知，火车突然停了下来，这与平时的情况不同。故选C项。
【3题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：大约五分钟后，人们开始有点心烦意乱。A. embarrassed尴尬的；B. upset不高兴的，烦恼的；C. surprised惊讶的；D. satisfied满意的。根据前文的“the train suddenly stpped, Then after abut five minutes”可知，火车突然停了下来，过了五分钟没有消息，人们不知道原因，故开始有点心烦意乱。故选B项。
【4题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：整个车厢都发出了巨大的叹息，但随后发生了一件意想不到的事情：完全陌生的人开始互相交谈。A. angry愤怒的；B. gentle温和的；C. unlucky倒霉的；D. cmplete 完全的。根据下文“sme peple, cmplete strangers three hurs befre, even hugged.”可知，坐车的人是完全陌生的人，故选D项。
【5题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：起初，每个人都只是抱怨火车，但后来人们开始谈论真实的事情。A. seats座位；B. trains列车；C. strangers陌生人；D. schls学校。根据前文的“Then the annuncement came: “We are srry t annunce that this train is delayed. A train is badly brken dwn in frnt f us.””可知，火车不得不停下，故人们抱怨火车。故选B项。
【6题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我遇到了一位女士，她几年前曾是我们学校的学生。A. student学生；B. nurse护士；C. teacher老师 ；D. driver驾驶员。根据后文的“at my schl several years befre”可知，几年前这位女士是作者所在学校的是学生。故选A项。
【7题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：一位年轻女子拿起吉他，很快我们就一起跟着唱了起来。A. baby婴儿；B. textbk课本；C. fd食物；D. guitar吉他。根据后文的“sn we were singing alng”可知，我们就一起跟着吉他唱了起来。故选D项。
【8题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：原来她是一名护士，当她回来时，她受到了英雄般的欢迎。A. mther母亲；B. dctr医生；C. her英雄；D. winner赢家。根据前文的“Then we heard a sick by in anther part f the train needed help, and the wman frm my schl jumped int actin.”可知，听到火车另一部分有个生病的男孩需要帮助，“我们”学校的那位女士立刻行动起来，故人们把她当作英雄。故选C项。
【9题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：每个人都欢呼起来，一些三小时前完全陌生的人甚至拥抱在一起。A. jumped跳；B. chatted聊天；C. cheered欢呼；D. cried哭。根据前文的“Then, after tw and a half hurs, we started mving again.”可知，火车再次开动了，每个人都欢呼起来。故选C项。
【10题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：星期三我又坐了火车，但什么也没发生。A. passed通过；B. changed改变；C. happened发生；D. disappeared消失。根据前文的“I tk the train again n Wednesday but nthing”和上文作者火车上发生的事情可知，这次坐火车没有发生意外的事情。故选C项。
第二节 语法填空(共10小题;每小题1.5分，共15分)
A
阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
Last Friday Peta-Lynn, a 13-year-ld girl frm Darwin, saved a man frm a huge crcdile. Mr. Graham was standing in shallw water near his bat ____11____ a crcdile grabbed his left arm. Peta-Lynn rushed t help and pulled him free. While they ____12____ (head) fr the shre, the crcdile attacked fr the secnd time. It bit Mr. Graham’s right leg and cut it badly. Peta-Lynn dragged him up the bank t ____13____ (safe).
【参考答案】11. when 12. headed 13. safety
【语篇解读】这是一篇记叙文。本文主要讲述了上周五，一个来自达尔文的13岁女孩Peta-Lynn从一只巨大的鳄鱼手中救下了一名男子的故事。
【11题详解】
考查固定句型。句意：格雷厄姆站在船附近的浅水区时，一条鳄鱼咬住了他的左臂。结合句意和空前的was standing可知，本空填when，引导时间状语从句。固定句型be ，意为“正在做某事，这时……”。故填when。
【12题详解】
考查动词时态。句意：当他们向岸边游去时，鳄鱼第二次袭击了他们。head fr意为“前往”，是固定搭配。根据第一句中的Last Friday(上周五)和空后的attacked可知，此处应用一般过去时，head的过去式是headed。故填headed。
【13题详解】
考查名词。句意：佩塔-林恩把他拖到岸边安全的地方。safe意为“安全的”，是形容词，此处应用其名词形式safety“安全”，作介词t的宾语。故填 safety。
B
阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
Mst peple have dictinaries in their hmes. The Oxfrd English Dictinary reached even mre peple when it went nline ____14____ 2000. The Dictinary is made up f 60 millin wrds f text, and describes nearly 750,000 terms, ____15____ have been used in English ver the past thusand years. Because the language ____16____ (grw) all the time, the OED is being revised. Every few mnths during the next 10 years, thusands f new wrds will be released nline.
【参考答案】14. in 15. which 16. is grwing
【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了《牛津英语词典》的发展。
【14题详解】
考查介词。句意：2000年《牛津英语词典》上线后，它的读者群更广。年份前用介词in，根据空后的2000可知，本空填介词in。in 2000意为“在2000年”。故填in。
【15题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：《牛津英语大词典》收录了6000万单词，描述了近75万个英语词汇，这些词汇在过去的一千年里一直在使用。分析句子结构可知，本空引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是750,000 terms，指物，关系词在从句中作主语，应用关系代词which引导。故填which。
【16题详解】
考查动词时态。句意：由于这种语言一直在发展，《牛津英语词典》也在进行修订。动词grw意为“发展”。根据空后的all the time和is being revised可知，Because引导的原因状语从句时态用现在进行时，且主语the language为第三人称单数，故be动词用is。故填is grwing。
C
阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
T predict is t guess what cmes next. Making predictins is a reading strategy, in which readers use infrmatin frm a text and their wn persnal experiences ____17____ (anticipate) what they are abut t read, ____18____ (help) students make cnnectins between their prir knwledge and the text. Predicting is als a prcess skill ____19____ (use) in science. In this cntext, a predictin ____20____ (make) abut the utcme f a future event based upn a pattern f evidence.
【参考答案】17. t anticipate 18. helping 19. used 20. is made
【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。预测是一种阅读策略，读者利用文本中的信息和自己的个人经历来预测他们将要阅读的内容，帮助学生在他们的先验知识和文本之间建立联系。
【17题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：预测是一种阅读策略，读者利用文本中的信息和自己的个人经历来预测他们将要阅读的内容，帮助学生在他们的先验知识和文本之间建立联系。短语use sth. t d sth.表示“用某物做某事”。故填t anticipate。
【18题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：预测是一种阅读策略，读者利用文本中的信息和自己的个人经历来预测他们将要阅读的内容，帮助学生在他们的先验知识和文本之间建立联系。分析句子结构可知help与逻辑主语strategy构成主动关系，故用现在分词作状语。故填helping。
【19题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：预测也是科学中使用的一种过程技能。分析句子结构可知，此处是非谓语动词作后置定语，修饰名词skill，use与逻辑主语skill构成被动关系，故用过去分词作定语。故填used。
【20题详解】
考查时态语态。句意：在这种情况下，基于证据模式对未来事件的结果进行预测。主语与谓语构成被动关系，根据上文Predicting is als可知，句子描述一般性事实，所以此处为一般现在时的被动语态，主语为单数名词，谓语用单数。故填is made。
第二部分：阅读理解(共两节，38分)
第一节(共14小题;每小题2分，共28分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
Art, Culture & Perfrmances in Arizna
Art n the Wild Side
Three f Arizna’s favrite painters will exhibit their latest wrks inspired by the natural wrld in their unique styles. Thrugh this exhibit, guests can engage in the Z’s missin t care fr the natural wrld.
Date: February 1-April 31, 2020
Lcatin: 455 N Galvin Pkwy, Phenix, AZ 85008
Price: $90
Always... Patsy Cline
Always... Patsy Cline is a musical play, cmplete with cuntry humr, true emtin, and even sme audience participatin, includes many f Patsy’s unfrgettable hits such as “Crazy” “I Fall t Pieces”, “Sweet Dreams”, and “Walking After Midnight”... 27 sngs in all!
Date: June 14-21, 2020
Lcatin: Hale Theater, 50 West Page Avenue, Gilbert, AZ 85233
Price: $65
The Tw Gentlemen f Verna
Best friends Valentine and Prteus chse different paths in life nly t run int each ther again when they bth fall in lve with the same wman. The Tw Gentlemen f Verna is ne f Shakespeare's earliest plays, his first cmedy and als ne f the mst rarely perfrmed plays in the cann.
Date: July 18-25, 2020
Lcatin: Scttsdale Desert Stages Theatre, 7014 E Camelback Rd, Scttsdale, AZ 85251
Price: $28
Mandy Mre
Mandy Mre is giving a cncert in ur city! She is turing t supprt her upcming album. Mandy's seventh studi wrk Silver Landings set t be released n September 6.
Date: September 27-Octber 3, 2020
Lcatin: 111 N 3rd St Phenix, AZ 85004
Price: $42
21. When can yu g t an exhibitin f paintings?
A. In March.B. In June.C. In July.D. In September.
22. Where can yu g if yu are interested in Shakespeare’s plays?
A. Art n the Wild Side.B. Always... Patsy Cline.
C. The Tw Gentlemen f Verna.D. Mandy Mre.
23. Hw much will yu pay if yu want t enjy a cncert?
A. $28.B. $42.C. $65.D. $90.
【参考答案】21. A 22. C 23. B
【语篇解读】本文为应用文，是一则有关艺术表演的广告，涉及到画展､音乐剧､戏剧和音乐会等多种艺术形式。
【21题详解】
细节理解题。第一则广告中，Art n the Wild Side是关于亚利桑那州著名画家的展览，根据其描述“Date: February 1-April 31, 2020”其表演时间从2月初开始，到4月底结束，可以在3月观看该画展，故选A。
【22题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三则广告中的描述“The Tw Gentlemen f Verna is ne f Shakespeare's earliest plays”可知，The Tw Gentlemen f Verna是一场莎士比亚的戏剧，对莎士比亚感兴趣的观众可以观看该表演，故选C。
【23题详解】
细节理解题。根据题目中的“cncert”可定位到原文中的广告Mandy Mre，且具有唯一性，只有这一则广告符合“Mandy Mre is giving a cncert in ur city! ”从其描述“Price: $42”可知，Mandy Mre将进行音乐会的巡回演出，票价为42美元，故选B。
B
It was his final climb t reach the highest summit n all seven cntinents. When Christpher Kulish finally reached Munt Everest’s 29,035-ft peak, he jined a grup knwn as the “Seven Summits Club”. But the 62-year-ld Clrad lawyer died suddenly Mnday after returning t the first camp belw the muntain’s summit. He’s the secnd American t die in the past week after reaching Everest’s highest pint. His family believes the cause was a heart attack.
Last week, 55-year-ld Dnald Cash died just after reaching the Everest peak. He als had reached the highest pint n all seven cntinents. Including Christpher and Cash, at least 11 peple have died n Munt Everest this year.
The deaths cme amng reprts f vercrwding n the ppular muntain. The Nepali gvernment granted a ttal f 381 permits t climb Everest this year, a number that desn’t include guides wh are n the muntain as well. Fr sme climbers, that traffic has meant lnger wait time—sme tld the Himalayan Times the wait has exceeded tw hurs between the last camp and the peak. “When there’s a crwd, being a mre experienced climber wn’t help yu,” Muntaineer O’Brien, wh has als climbed the seven summits, said. “When a climber is stuck in that traffic, their bdy is starting t deterirate (恶化) and the descent is ften harder than the climb.”
“There’s n simple explanatin fr the string f deaths,” climbing expert Alan Arnette said. “Weather is ne factr causing vercrwding. Meanwhile, the cst t climb Munt Everest has decreased, which means mre peple are making the jurney.”
Still, Christpher was n beginner. His family said he’d been muntain climbing fr five decades. He arrived at the base camp nearly tw mnths befre his climb s he culd give himself time t adapt t the cnditins.
His brther, Mark Kulish, described being a lawyer as a “day jb” fr Christpher. Climbing was his passin.
24. What made lnger wait time n Munt Everest?
A. Lacking guides.B. Overcrwding.
C. Bad weather.D. Getting Gvernment’s permissin.
25. Why did Christpher arrive at the base camp s early befre climbing?
A. T wait fr his friends.B. T learn abut the muntain.
C. T clear the traffic jam.D. T adapt t cnditins earlier.
26. What d we knw abut Christpher?
A. He jined the “Seven Summits Club” at the base camp.
B. He has reached the highest pint n all seven cntinents.
C. He died frm a heart attack belw the Munt Everest’s peak.
D. 11 peple fllwing him died after reaching the Everest peak this year.
【参考答案】24. B 25. D 26. B
【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了资深登山爱好者Christpher Kulish在攀登七大洲最高峰返回时在第一个营地突然死亡，文章说明了造成攀登最高峰人员死亡的原因以及Christpher的生平事迹。
【24题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段第一句“The deaths cme amng reprts f vercrwding n the ppular muntain.(有报道称，这座颇受欢迎的山峰过于拥挤，造成了这些死亡)”以及下文“Fr sme climbers, that traffic has meant lnger wait time—sme tld the Himalayan Times the wait has exceeded tw hurs between the last camp and the peak. (对一些登山者来说，这样的拥挤意味着更长的等待时间——一些人告诉《喜马拉雅时报》，从最后一个营地到山顶已经等了两个多小时)”由此可知，过度拥挤使得珠峰上的等待时间更长。故选B。
【25题详解】
细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中“He arrived at the base camp nearly tw mnths befre his climb s he culd give himself time t adapt t the cnditins. (他在登山前两个月就到达了大本营，这样他就有时间适应环境。)”可知，Christpher在开始攀登前很早就到达了大本营，是为了更早适应气候条件。故选D。
【26题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段中“It was his final climb t reach the highest summit n all seven cntinents. When Christpher Kulish finally reached Munt Everest’s 29,035-ft peak, he jined a grup knwn as the “Seven Summits Club”. (这是他攀登七大洲最高峰的最后一次攀登。当Christpher Kulish最终登上珠穆朗玛峰29035英尺高的山峰时，他加入了一个名为“七峰俱乐部”的精英组织)；以及第二段“Last week, 55-year-ld Dnald Cash died just after reaching the Everest peak. He als had reached the highest pint n all seven cntinents. Including Christpher and Cash, at least 11 peple have died n Munt Everest this year. (上周，55岁的唐纳德·卡什在登顶珠峰后不久去世。他还登上了七大洲的最高点。包括克里斯托弗和卡什在内，今年至少有11人在珠穆朗玛峰上死亡。)”由此可知，Christpher已经登上了七大洲的最高点。故选B。
C
Wrking ut can help teenagers bst their grades, a new study suggests. Adlescents wh rutinely engaged in light t intense exercise shwed lng-term imprvements in their academic perfrmance, the British Jurnal f Sprts Medicine study reprted.
“Our study suggests that the effect f physical activity may be quite large,” Jhn Reilly, a prfessr at the University f Strathclyde said. The researchers lked at a sample f abut 5000 children wh were invlved in a lng-term study that tracks children brn in the U. K. between 2004 and 2005. When children reached 11 years ld, their daily physical activity levels were measured using an accelermeter (加速器) fr three t seven days. The device, similar t a pedmeter (计步器) tracking the number f steps taken, recrded the average time children exercised, which was 29 minutes a day fr bys and 18 fr girls.
“The actual levels f daily physical activity at age 11 were quite lw,” Mr. Reilly nted. The children had their academic perfrmance tested at ages 1 1 and 13 with cmpulsry natinal tests fr students, and als at 15 r 16 with the General Certificate f Secndary Educatin (GCSE) exam. The tests assessed the children’s abilities in English, math and science subjects. The results shwed that the mre children participated in light t intense physical activity, the higher their test scres were at age 11 in all three subjects. Fr girls, science scres were mst strngly linked t exercise.
When children were tested again at age 13, their academic scres were still linked t hw much they had exercised when they were 11 years ld. By the time the yungsters tk the GCSE exam, each 17-minute-per-day increase in physical activity fr the bys was linked t an imprvement in their scres. Every additinal 12-minute increase a day in exercise fr the girls was als linked t an increased scre, especially in the science categry.
The researchers have called fr mre studies t lk at the pssible academic benefits that culd be derived if students exercised the recmmended 60 minutes r mre a day.
27. What’s the study abut?
A. The secrets f students’ ranking high in class.
B. The influence f exercise n students’ scres.
C. The causes f students’ participating in sprts.
D. The ways f imprving students’ physical cnditins.
28. What can we learn frm the study?
A. Students at age 11 d mre exercise than at ther ages.
B. Bys at age 13 get mre benefits by ding mre exercise.
C. Girls’ science scres are mre clsely related t exercise.
D. Mre and mre students d exercise t imprve their scres.
29. What des the underlined wrd “derived” in the last paragraph prbably mean?
A. Maintained.B. Reduced.C. Cncluded.D. Obtained.
30. What is the main purpse f the passage?
A. T emphasize the imprtance f exercise.
B. T explain the academic difference between bys and girls.
C. T present a methd t imprve children’s academic perfrmance.
D. T intrduce a study n the relevance between exercise and academic benefits.
【参考答案】27. B 28. C 29. D 30. D
【语篇解读】本文为一篇说明文。文章介绍了锻炼能帮助提高青少年学习成绩的研究结果。
【27题详解】
细节理解题。由第一段中“Wrking ut can help teenagers bst their grades, a new study suggests.(一项新的研究表明，锻炼可以帮助青少年提高成绩)”可知，这项研究是关于锻炼提高青少年学习成绩的，即运动对学生成绩的影响。故选B项。
【28题详解】
细节理解题。由第三段中“Fr girls, science scres were mst strngly linked t exercise. (对于女孩子来说，科学的成绩跟运动密切相关)”可知，研究显示女孩子的成绩跟运动关系更加密切。故选C项。
【29题详解】
词义猜测题。根据最后一段画线词所在句“lk at the pssible academic benefits (看看可能的好处。)”和“if students exercised the recmmended 60 minutes r mre a day. (如果学生每天锻炼建议的60分钟或更长时间)”可知，研究人员呼吁进行更多的研究，看看如果学生每天锻炼建议的60分钟或更长时间，可能得到的学术益处。再根据上文的研究结果可知，锻炼能够带来习成绩的提高。所以可以推断出画线词的意思是“得到；获得”的意思。A. Maintained维护；B. Reduced减少；C. Cncluded得出结论；D. Obtained获得。故选D项。
【30题详解】
推理判断题。由文章第一段中“Wrking ut can help teenagers bst their grades, a new study suggests. (一项新的研究表明，锻炼可以帮助青少年提高成绩。)”可知，文章介绍一项关于锻炼与学业益处之间相关性的研究。故选D。
D
In June 2022, Huffingtn Pst and Mail Online reprted that three-year-ld Victria Wilcher, wh had suffered facial scarring (结疤), had been kicked ut f a KFC because she was frightening custmers. Later, KFC annunced that n evidence had been fund t supprt the stry. This phenmenn is largely a prduct f the increasing pressure in newsrms that care mre abut traffic figures.
Brke Binkwski, an editr, says that, during her career, she has seen a shift twards less editrial versight in newsrms. “Clickbait is king, s newsrms will uncritically print smething unreal. Nt all newsrms are like this, but a lt f them are.”
Asked what the driving factr was, a jurnalist said, “There is undubtedly pressure t churn ut (粗制滥造) stries in rder t get clicks, because they equal mney. At my frmer emplyer in particular, the pressure was n due t the limited resurces. That made the envirnment quite hrrible t wrk in.”
In a February 2023 reprt fr Digital Jurnalism, Craig Silverman wrte, “Tday the bar fr what is wrth giving attentin t seems t be much lwer. Within minutes r hurs, a badly surced reprt can be changed int a stry that is repeated by dzens f news websites, resulting in tens f thusands f shares. Once a certain critical mass is reached, repetitin has a pwerful effect n belief. Thus, the rumr simply becmes true fr readers.”
And, in spite f the directin that sme newsrms seem t be heading in, a critical eye is becming mre, nt less imprtant, accrding t the New Yrk Times’ public editr, Margaret Sullivan. “Reprters and editrs have t be mre careful than ever befre. It’s extremely imprtant t questin and t use every verificatin (验证) methd available befre publicatin.” Yet thse wrking in newsrms talk f dubtful stries being tlerated because, in the wrds f sme senir editrs, “a click is a click, regardless f the advantage f a stry”. And, “if the stry des turn ut t be false, it’s simply a chance fr anther bite at the cherry.”
Verificatin and fact-checking are regularly falling victim t the pressure t bring in the numbers, and if the nly result f being caught ut is anther chance t bring in the clicks, that lks unlikely t change.
31. Accrding t Brke Binkwski, newsrms prduce false news because .
A. clicks matter a ltB. resurces are limited
C. mney is needed fr newsD. jurnalists lack experience
32. What des Craig Silverman’s remark prbably mean?
A. Lies can’t sell withut an atm f truth.
B. Rumrs are like a flame blwn by the wind.
C. Yu can hear rumrs, but yu can’t knw them.
D. A lie, repeated frequently enugh, will end up as truth.
33. What is the authr’s attitude twards the newsrms?
A. Pessimistic.B. Supprtive.C. Subjective.D. Sympathetic.
34. What is the passage mainly abut?
A. Cnsequences f false stries.B. Causes f nline false news.
C. Inability f jurnalists.D. A craze t get clicks.
【参考答案】31. A 32. D 33. A 34. B
【语篇解读】本文是说明文。主要介绍了网络或者报纸上有时会出现某些虚假消息并对其发生原因进行了分析，同时指出对此网站或者报纸编辑室应该高度重视。
【31题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“Brke Binkwski, an editr, says that, during her career, she has seen a shift twards less editrial versight in newsrms. “Clickbait is king, s newsrms will uncritically print smething unreal. Nt all newsrms are like this, but a lt f them are.”(编辑Brke Binkwski表示，在她的职业生涯中，她看到新闻编辑室的编辑监督越来越少。“点击率为王，所以新闻编辑室会不加批判地刊登一些不真实的东西。”不是所有的新闻编辑室都是这样，但很多都是。”)”可知，点击率是非常重要的东西，因此新闻编辑室有时会错误地报道某些新闻。故选A。
【32题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段“In a February 2023 reprt fr Digital Jurnalism, Craig Silverman wrte, “Tday the bar fr what is wrth giving attentin t seems t be much lwer. Within minutes r hurs, a badly surced reprt can be changed int a stry that is repeated by dzens f news websites, resulting in tens f thusands f shares. Once a certain critical mass is reached, repetitin has a pwerful effect n belief. Thus, the rumr simply becmes true fr readers.”(克雷格·西尔弗曼在2023年2月为《数字新闻》撰写的一份报告中写道：“今天，值得关注的东西的标准似乎要低得多。在几分钟或几小时内，一篇来源不佳的报道就可能变成一篇文章，被数十家新闻网站反复转载，导致数万次转发。一旦达到一定的临界质量，重复就会对信念产生强大的影响。因此，对读者来说，谣言就变成了真的。”)”可推知，克雷格·西尔弗曼的话意思是：谣言一旦被广泛传播就回掩盖事实成为读者们眼中的真相。故选D。
【33题详解】
推理判断题。根据倒数第二段““Reprters and editrs have t be mre careful than ever befre. It’s extremely imprtant t questin and t use every verificatin (验证) methd available befre publicatin.” Yet thse wrking in newsrms talk f dubtful stries being tlerated because, in the wrds f sme senir editrs, “a click is a click, regardless f the advantage f a stry”. And, “if the stry des turn ut t be false, it’s simply a chance fr anther bite at the cherry.”(“记者和编辑必须比以往任何时候都更加小心。在发表之前，质疑并使用所有可用的验证方法是非常重要的。”然而，那些在新闻编辑室工作的人说，可疑的报道被容忍了，因为，用一些资深编辑的话来说，“点击一下就是点击一下，不管报道有什么好处”。而且，“如果这个故事最终被证明是假的，这只是一个再次咬樱桃的机会。”)”可推知，作者对新闻编辑室的态度是否定的。故选A。
【34题详解】
主旨大意题。通读全文，特别是根据第一段“In June 2022, Huffingtn Pst and Mail Online reprted that three-year-ld Victria Wilcher, wh had suffered facial scarring (结疤), had been kicked ut f a KFC because she was frightening custmers. Later, KFC annunced that n evidence had been fund t supprt the stry. This phenmenn is largely a prduct f the increasing pressure in newsrms that care mre abut traffic figures.(2022年6月，赫芬顿邮报和邮报在线报道，三岁的维多利亚·威尔彻因面部疤痕被肯德基开除，因为她吓到了顾客。随后，肯德基宣布没有发现任何证据支持这一说法。这种现象在很大程度上是新闻编辑部越来越大的压力的产物，他们更关心流量数据)”可知，文章从2014年6月《赫芬顿邮报》和《邮报在线》报道的三岁的维多利亚·威尔彻因脸上的疤痕吓到顾客而被被赶出肯德基这一假新闻为例介绍了网络上或者报纸上有时会出现某些虚假消息，接下来文章对其发生原因进行了分析，同时指出对此网站或者报纸编辑室应该高度重视。故选B。
第二节(共5小题;每小题2分，共10分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Hw t build patience abilities
What’s the purpse f building patience abilities? In a wrd, happiness. Better relatinships, mre success. ____35____ Effective ways are recmmended t train urselves t wrk with little pain and annyance. Thus, when the big nes cme, we will have develped the patience we need fr hard times.
Understand the addictive nature f anger and impatience. We, human beings, are still cnstructed with ur ld reptilian (爬行动物的) brain that prtects ur physical and emtinal survival. The urge t prtect urselves and what we cnsider valuable is abslutely habit-frming. S the first step in grwing patience is t get in tuch with the addictive quality f the ppsite f patience — anger, impatience, blame and shame. ____36____
Upgrade ur attitude twards discmfrt and pain. Pain has its purpses and pushes us t find slutins — we try t change the ther persn, situatin r thing that we think is causing ur discmfrt. But the prblem is that it is nt the utside thing that’s the surce f ur pain, but hw ur mind is set. ____37____
Pay attentin when the impatience r pain starts. Mst f us dn’t really realize it when we are feeling even the smallest — but very present — painful feelings. ____38____ But t really care fr urselves, get curius abut what’s actually happening in the mment inside yu. Fcusing n what’s actually happening, yu can ntice the wrry f nt wanting what’s happening, the resistance.
____39____ When yu find yurself impatient, r angry with yurself, yu can remind yurself that yu are grwing. Yu can say t yurself, “It’s true. I dn’t like this; this is uncmfrtable, but I can tlerate it.”
A. Practice psitive self-talk.
B. S the slutin t pain is an inside jb.
C. Patience abilities benefit yu in many ways.
D. We all have them, and we can grw beynd them.
E. But indeed it takes effrts t build them successfully.
F. Learn t frgive yurself fr being impatient in hard times.
G. We ignre the fact that we’re in pain and fcus cmpletely n fixing the prblem.
【参考答案】35. E 36. D 37. B 38. G 39. A
【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了培养耐心的有效方法。
【35题详解】
根据后文“Effective ways are recmmended t train urselves t wrk with little pain and annyance.(推荐一些有效的方法来训练自己，让自己在工作中少一些痛苦和烦恼。)”提出文章中要推荐一些有效的方法来训练自己，即，提出了解决困难的方法，那么，设空句应讲述“困难”，以构成前后文之间的“提出困难到解决困难”的逻辑关系。选项E“But indeed it takes effrts t build them successfully.(但事实上，成功地建立它们需要努力。)”中“成功地建立它们需要努力”可看作为培养耐心的困难所在，符合语境分析，且句中“t build them”与前文“building patience abilities”相呼应，前后衔接紧密。故选E项。
【36题详解】
根据前文“S the first step in grwing patience is t get in tuch with the addictive quality f the ppsite f patience—anger, impatience, blame and shame.(因此，培养耐心的第一步是接触与耐心相反的令人上瘾的品质——愤怒、不耐烦、责备和羞耻。)”提出了一些不好的情绪和品质，那么，设空句应承接此话题继续讲述与这些情绪和品质有关的内容。选项D“We all have them, and we can grw beynd them.(我们都拥有它们，我们可以超越它们。)”中的代词“them”指代前文提及的一些不好的情绪和品质，在句意上与该段首句“Understand the addictive nature f anger and impatience.(了解愤怒和不耐烦的成瘾性。)”首尾照应。故选D项。
【37题详解】
根据前文“But the prblem is that it is nt the utside thing that’s the surce f ur pain, but hw ur mind is set.(但问题是，我们痛苦的根源并不是外在的东西，而是我们的思维方式。)”提出痛苦的根源在于思维方式，即，内部。那么设空句承接此原因总结解决途径——从内部解决。选项B“S the slutin t pain is an inside jb.(所以解决疼痛的方法是内在的。)”在句意上符合分析，“S”表达“因此，所以”含义，与前文构成因果关系，前后衔接紧密。故选B项。
【38题详解】
根据后文“But t really care fr urselves, get curius abut what’s actually happening in the mment inside yu. (但要真正关心自己，就要对你内心此刻发生的事情感到好奇。)”提出要对内心的痛苦感到好奇，结合该句的“But”表达转折含义可推知，设空句应是与其句意相反，即，不关注内在痛苦，并提出关注的另一个方面。选项G“We ignre the fact that we’re in pain and fcus cmpletely n fixing the prblem.(我们忽略了我们处于痛苦中的事实，并完全专注于解决问题。)”在句意上符合分析，提到的“完全专注于解决问题”即为另一个方面，与后文构成转折关系。故选G项。
【39题详解】
分析可知，设空句为该段的主旨句。根据后文“When yu find yurself impatient, r angry with yurself, yu can remind yurself that yu are grwing. Yu can say t yurself, ‘It’s true. I dn’t like this; this is uncmfrtable, but I can tlerate it.’(当你发现自己没有耐心或生自己的气时，你可以提醒自己，你正在成长。你可以对自己说：“这是真的。我不喜欢这样；这很不舒服，但我能忍受。”)”可知，该段强调的是与自己积极的沟通和暗示。选项A“Practice psitive self-talk.(练习积极的自我对话。)”贴合该段主旨，符合分析。故选A项。
第三部分：书面表达(共两节，32分)
阅读表达(共4小题;第1、2题各2分，第3题3分，第4题5分，共12分)
阅读下面短文，根据题目要求回答问题。
Dctrs in Bristl can send patients n a free curse frm this mnth, which uses stand-up cmedy t help patients vercme their trauma (创伤). The curse was pineered by Angie Belcher, a cmedian at the University f Bristl.
Cmedy is a natural human trait (特质). Every night we cme back hme frm wrk and tell ur family what ur day was like, but n the way hme we’ll make up details, and try t make ur stries funnier t entertain family members. Prfessinal cmedy educatin is t give a tl t take this t a mre plished and infrmed level. The cntent f the six-week curse is described as a “cmbinatin f psychlgy, cmedy and strytelling.”
Actually, past traumas are perfect fr cmedy. Cmedy desn’t cme frm the happy mments f ur life, but frm ur everyday struggles. Peple, wh’ve been thrugh big life experiences, such as the lss f a clse friend r ill health, ften can’t wait t share their stries, mstly because there’s always smething funny abut the situatin. We can accept and hnr the cmedy f a situatin, as much as the sadness f it.
While the cmedy curse can’t take the place f traditinal clinical appraches, talking abut ur trauma in a funny way is quite lvely, and mre imprtantly, it has a chain reactin n ur audience, and we help ther peple t deal with their sadness. When we bring ur stries alive fr thers, it makes ther peple feel less alne. Having ur experiences mirrred back t us is hugely cmfrting. Cmedy builds cmmunity.
40. Wh was the curse pineered by?
_______________________________________________________________________________
41. What is the cntent f the curse?
_______________________________________________________________________________
42. Please underline the false part in the fllwing statement and explain why.
Cmedy cmes frm ur everyday struggles, and frm the happy mments f ur life as well.
_______________________________________________________________________________
43. If yu meet a trauma, wuld yu like t take the cmedy curse? Why?(In abut 40 wrds)
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
【参考答案】
40. The curse was pineered by Angie Belcher, a cmedian at the University f Bristl.
41. A cmbinatin f psychlgy, cmedy and strytelling.
42. Cmedy cmes frm ur everyday struggles, and frm the happy mments f ur life as well. Because cmedy desn’t cme frm the happy mments f ur life.
43. If I encunter trauma, I am willing t take cmedy classes. Because when we vividly present ur wn stry t thers, they will feel less lnely. It is very gratifying t reflect ur experiences nt us.
【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了病人参加一个免费课程，该课程使用单口喜剧来帮助病人克服创伤。文章详述了这样做的原因。
【40题详解】
考查细节理解。由文章第一段中“The curse was pineered by Angie Belcher, a cmedian at the University f Bristl. (这门课程是由布里斯托尔大学的喜剧演员安吉·贝尔彻开创的。)”可知，这门课程是由安吉·贝尔彻开创的，他是布里斯托尔大学的喜剧演员。故答案为：The curse was pineered by Angie Belcher, a cmedian at the University f Bristl.
【41题详解】
考查细节理解。由文章第二段中“The cntent f the six-week curse is described as a “cmbinatin f psychlgy, cmedy and strytelling.” (六周的课程内容被描述为“心理学、喜剧和讲故事的结合”。)”可知，这门课程是内容“心理学、喜剧和讲故事的结合”。故答案为：A cmbinatin f psychlgy, cmedy and strytelling.
【42题详解】
考查细节理解。由文章第三段中“Cmedy desn’t cme frm the happy mments f ur life, but frm ur everyday struggles. (喜剧不是来自我们生活中的快乐时刻，而是来自我们每天的挣扎。)”可知，喜剧不是来自我们生活中的快乐时刻。故答案为：Cmedy cmes frm ur everyday struggles, and frm the happy mments f ur life as well. Because cmedy desn’t cme frm the happy mments f ur life.
【43题详解】
考查语言表达。如果我遇到创伤，我愿意参加喜剧课程。因为当我们把自己的故事生动地呈现给别人时，别人会觉得不那么孤单。把我们的经历反射到我们身上是非常令人欣慰的。故答案为：If I encunter trauma, I am willing t take cmedy classes. Because when we vividly present ur wn stry t thers, they will feel less lnely. It is very gratifying t reflect ur experiences nt us.
第二节(20分)
44. 假设你是红星中学高二学生李华。你的英国好友首次去中国家庭做客，向你询问有关注意事项。请给Jim写一封电子邮件，内容包括：
1. 基本礼仪；
2. 建议。
注意：
1. 词数100字左右；
2. 开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
Dear Jim,
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yurs,
Li Hua
【参考答案】
Dear Jim,
Hw are yu ding? In yur last letter yu asked me abut being a guest t a Chinese friend’s hme. Nw I am writing t infrm yu f sme relevant details.
T begin with, accrding t ur traditin, yu are suppsed t arrive early, s that yu can help the family prepare the dinner, which is nt nly meaningful but als interesting. Besides, yu’d better bring sme gifts, such as a bk r a Chinese knt. What’s mre, when yu are enjying the meal, yu need t avid making nises while chewing fd.
Hpefully, these suggestins wuld be helpful t yu. I have the cnfidence that yu will have a great time. I am lking frward t yur gd news.
Yurs,
Li Hua