广东省珠海市斗门第一中学2023-2024学年高三下学期3月考试英语试卷(含答案)

这是一份广东省珠海市斗门第一中学2023-2024学年高三下学期3月考试英语试卷(含答案)，共20页。试卷主要包含了阅读理解，七选五，完形填空，短文填空，选词填空，书面表达等内容，欢迎下载使用。

一、阅读理解
Sharn, Aged 22
The mst imprtant thing t keep in mind when ging int high schl is t be yurself. Besides, I dn’t knw what yur middle schl was like, but high schl teachers will nt care abut things such as hw much hmewrk yu already have fr ne night. It’s best t just learn t deal with things and manage yur time wisely s yu can achieve everything yu need t d.
Frank, Aged 21
I think almst every kid feels bth anxius and excited befre their first day. Yu will prbably lve it. I knw I did. Yu shuld jin in sme sprts r activities that will make yur high schl experience mre enjyable. Gd luck!
David, Aged 19
I’m nt ging t lie. The first day is kind f frightening. But yu’ll get used t it. Dn’t be afraid f anyne; upperclassmen will pick n yu mre if yu let them knw yu’re afraid. Just take it easy. Making sme friends and staying with them will greatly help yu get used t high schl quickly. After the first week it’s really nt bad at all. Dn’t wrry.
Eddie, Aged 20
When I started high schl, I was really nervus t, especially since I had been hmeschled all thrugh middle schl and didn’t really knw anyne. I suppse the best advice wuld be t just relax. The first cuple f days can be a little bit hard, but things will becme easier befre yu knw it.
1．What can we infer frm Sharn’s wrds abut high schl?
A. Teachers are quite strict.B. Students ften stay up at night.
C. Teachers prvide little care fr students.D. Students shuld make gd use f their time.
2．Wh mentins the imprtance f friends?
A. David.B. Frank.C. Sharn.D. Eddie
3．Hw did Eddie feel n his first day f high schl?
A. Excited.B. Wrried.C. Bred.D. Relaxed.
“Clur” and “clr”, “favurite” and “favrite”, “hnur” and “hnr”… Have yu ever wndered why Americans spell thse wrds withut a “u”? Is it because they are lazy? Of curse nt. In fact, the difference in spelling was started by Nah Webster (1758-1843). He was a teacher wh refrmed (改革) English t make American identity (特征) strnger. Linguists (语言学家) celebrate his birthday n Octber 16 every year.
After the Revlutinary War (1775-1783), Webster believed that Americans shuld have their wn dictinary, rather than rely n British dictinaries. He drpped the British “u” in sme wrds. And he changed “centre” int “center” fr children t learn English by spelling wrds mre like what they sunded. He used “subway” instead f British wrd “undergrund”. Sme ther examples are “sccer” and “ftball”, “fall” and “autumn”.
Webster wasn’t shy abut expressing his pinins. In defining (定义) prepsterus (unreasnable), he wrte: “A republican gvernment in the hands f female is prepsterus.”
Webster spent 28 years n the prject befre cmpleting the 70,000-wrd dictinary with his American-style spelling in 1828. He als added lcal wrds.
His dictinary was widely used in schls. Linguists believed it helped a new cuntry achieve unity (统一) and cultural independence at a time when mst peple cared abut plitical freedm.
“He was the creatr f ur language and the creatr f American identity,” said Jshua Kendall, wh is wrking n a bk abut Webster. “He at last brught us tgether thrugh ur language.”
4．Which is NOT true abut Webster’s dictinary?
A. It has lcal wrds in it.B. It is a 70,000-wrd dictinary.
C. All the wrds are spelled withut “u”.D. Its wrds are in American-style spelling.
5．What des the underlined phrase “rely n” in Paragraph 2 mean?
A. 依赖B. 信任C. 容忍D. 放弃
6．What d peple think f Webster’s dictinary?
A. It is the nly dictinary that Americans still use tday.
B. It helped t bring Americans tgether besides its cultural influence.
C. It has n influence n the develpment f American English.
D. It helped t make American English mre useful than British English.
7．What’s the main idea f the passage?
A. The develpment f the British English.
B. American English is better than British English.
C. Nah Webster added lcal wrds t the dictinary.
D. Nah Webster wrte an American English dictinary and refrmed English.
Earlier this mnth, TikTk annunced that it will be intrducing screen time limits fr the accunts f users aged under 18. Children under 13 will require a parent r guardian t type in a passwrd t cntinue scrlling (滚屏) thrugh their feed, and thse aged 13-17 will be asked t set their wn passwrds when the viewing time ges beynd the limit.
Studies suggest that 30 minutes may be the sweet spt fr scial media use, where users are able t stay cnnected with friends and family and view entertainment. Hwever, many ther studies shw that verly-heavy scial media use can lead t a lt f prblems, such as physical issues and depressin.
By suggesting 100 minutes as a hard line where a passwrd is required t be created by the user, TikTk is gradually making the standards clear as t what may be regarded as prblematic scial media habit in yung peple. Althugh these passwrds fr lder teenagers can bviusly be bypassed, they are a step in the right directin in encuraging children t use scial media respnsibly.
Als, parents wh wn their wn TikTk accunts will be able t link with their children’s accunts, gaining additinal, such as muting ntificatins (消息免打扰) and custmizing time limits fr different days in the week.
Algrithms (算法) that culd tell parents if the child has been viewing dangerus material culd sn be put int use. Hwever, the difficulty in this is the amunt f cntent available n the internet.
Ultimately, apps such as TikTk and Instagram will need t cntinue intrducing mre measures t imprve nline safety fr children.
Lawmakers arund the wrld are paying clse attentin t the effect scial media has n the yung, meaning that the develpment f new tls t imprve its use will n dubt take place sn if big tech wishes t avid additinal legal issues.
8．Why did TikTk intrduce screen time limits fr teenagers?
A. T prtect their privacy.
B. T develp their self-cntrl.
C. T imprve family relatinship.
D. T prevent veruse f scial media.
9．What’s the authr’s attitude twards TikTk’s new plicy?
A. Favurable.B. Objective.C. Cncerned.D. Disapprving.
10．What can parents d t help children use scial media respnsibly?
A. Type in a passwrd t stp the use.
B. Send a link t the children’s accunt.
C. Set time limits thrugh their wn accunt.
D. Use algrithms t remve dangerus cntent.
11．What des the last paragraph mainly talk abut cncerning scial media?
A. Its effects n the yung.B. Legal pressure n its imprvement.
C. Its applicatin t lawmaking.D. Slutins t its technlgical issues.
The baguette, a lng, thin French bread, is being added t UNESCO Intangible Cultural Heritage (ICH,非物质文化遗产) list. UNESCO experts gathering in Mrcc this week decided that the simple French bread—made nly f flur, water, salt, and yeast—was wrth U.N. recgnitin, after France’s culture ministry warned f a “cntinuus drp” in the number f traditinal bakeries (烘焙坊), with sme 400 clsing every year ver the past half century.
The UN cultural agency’s chief, Audrey Azulay said, “The decisin hnrs mre than just bread; it recgnizes the ‘graceful skills f bakers’ and ‘a daily ritual (仪式)’.” Azulay added, “It is imprtant that such baking knwledge and scial practices can cntinue t exist in the future.”
With the bread’s new status (地位), the French gvernment said it planned t create a baguette day, called the “Open Bake huse Day”, t cnnect the French better with their heritage. Bakers in France seemed prud, if unsurprised. “Of curse, it shuld be n the list because the baguette symblizes the wrld. It’s universal,” said Asma Farhat, a baker at Julien’s Bakery. “If there’s n baguette, yu can’t have a prper meal. In the mrning yu can tast it, fr lunch it’s a sandwich, and then it accmpanies dinner.”
Despite the decline in traditinal bakery numbers, France’s 67 millin peple still buy baguettes at a variety f sales pints, including in supermarkets. Accrding t France’s “Bread Observatry”, the French eat 320 baguettes f ne frm r anther every secnd. The prblem is, bservers say, that they can ften be pr in quality. “It’s very easy t get bad baguette in France. It’s the traditinal baguette frm the traditinal bakery that is in danger. It’s abut quality nt quantity,” said ne lcal resident, Marine Furchier.
12．Why did UNESCO’s decide t add the French bread t UNESCO Intangible Cultural Heritage list?
A. Because it has a lng histry.B. Because it is made f simple materials.
C. Because it is in danger f disappearing.D. Because it is made in traditinal bakeries.
13．What did Audrey Azulay think f UNESCO’s decisin?
A. He felt hnred.B. His attitude was unclear.
C. He thught it was embarrassing.D. He thught it was meaningful.
14．What can we learn frm Asma Farhat’s wrds?
A. Baguettes shuld be served all the day.
B. Baguettes are cmmn in the French diet.
C. Baguettes shuld have been put n the list earlier.
D. Baguettes and sandwiches are equally imprtant.
15．What can be a prper title fr this article?
A. The baguette—a cultural heritage that is f pr quality.
B. Prtecting the baguette—everyne can make a difference.
C. Prtecting the baguette—quality is mre imprtant than quantity.
D. The baguette—a new cmer n the UNESCO Intangible Cultural Heritage list.
二、七选五
16．Hw Weather Affects Our Md
The weather supplies many metaphrs (隐喻) fr ur changeable minds. Mds can brighten and darken, futures can be under a clud, and relatinships can be strmy. ①______, but des it als influence ur mds?
Of the many aspects f weather, sunshine is the mst clsely tied t md. Althugh the link is weaker than many peple imagine, sunlight has repeatedly been fund t increase psitive mds and reduce tiredness. ②______. Happy peple tend t be mre favrable tward ne anther, and peple are mre helpful when the sun is shining. One study even fund that diners in Minnesta, US, tipped mre generusly n sunny days.
③______. A study shwed that university admissins fficers stressed the academic qualificatins f applicants mre n cludy days, and their nn-academic qualities mre n sunny nes.
④______. The mre it departs (偏离) frm an ideal f arund 20℃, the mre discmfrt we feel. One study fund that rates f helping thers decreased as temperatures drpped belw r rse abve this value.
Indeed, the effects f weather n md depend n ur behavir and n hw we think. ⑤______. A study by US psychlgy researcher Matthew Keller and his clleagues shwed that beneficial effects f warm and sunny cnditins n md were nly seen in peple wh had spent mre than 30 minutes utdrs that day. Gd weather even had negative effects n md fr peple cnfined (限制) indrs, wh perhaps lked enviusly (嫉妒地) utside at the slar fun they were missing.
A. Similarly, grey weather may encurage serius and calm thinking
B. Aspects f weather beynd heat and sunshine have als been shwn t affect md
C. Weather prvides a vivid language fr describing ur emtinal atmsphere
D. Temperature can als affect ur mind and behavir
E. But the effects f weather n md are nt entirely bilgical
F. Anything that changes ur mds can affect ur behavir
G. Basically, weather will nly influence us if we are utdrs experiencing it
三、完形填空（15空）
A man landed n a deserted island after a shipwreck (船只失事). Every day he prayed, 1 smene culd pass and save him, but t his 2 , n ne ever came.
Mnths went by and this man learned t 3 fd and firewd frm the island and stred them in a hut (小屋) which 4 him n the deserted island. One day when he returned t his hut after hunting fr fd, 5 , he saw his hut was n fire, alng with almst everything he had! The nly thing 6 was the clthes n his back. The man grew s 7 that he fell n his hands and knees crying heavily when he happened t lk up and 8 a ship cming in his directin. The man was 9 . As they were heading back t civilizatin, the man asked the captain, “Hw were yu able t 10 me?” The captain 11 , “We were vyaging acrss the cean 12 a clud f smke ging up 13 ur attentin. We decided t g t check it ut and that’s why we fund yu!”
In life we will always be 14 with challenges, prblems and disasters. Always keep in mind that a disaster can smetimes be gd 15 .
17．A. realizingB. designingC. hpingD. dubting
18．A. excitementB. disappintmentC. amazementD. embarrassment
19．A. cllectB. receiveC. rderD. share
20．A. shelteredB. sufferedC. suppliedD. served
21．A. naturallyB. unexpectedlyC. insteadD. anyway
22．A. valuedB. lstC. mvedD. left
23．A. excitedB. tiredC. weakD. hpeless
24．A. spttedB. sughtC. caughtD. searched
25．A. prtectedB. rewardedC. welcmedD. saved
26．A. trustB. keepC. seizeD. find
27．A. declaredB. explainedC. addedD. fund
28．A. whileB. whyC. whenD. where
29．A. caughtB. paidC. attackedD. adapted
30．A. suppliedB. satisfiedC. facedD. delighted
31．A. experienceB. luckC. infrmatinD. prgress
四、短文填空
32． An rganizatin has taken measures ①______(add) chpsticks t the Shanghai Intangible Cultural Heritage List recently. Xu Hualng, chairman f the rganizatin, says chpsticks are ②______ (increasing) ignred in mdern China despite the fact that they are unique Chinese items. August 4th ③______ (set) aside as Chpstick Day by China’s neighbr Japan already.
Chpstick culture in Shanghai ④______ (date) back t the Tang Dynasty, when these items ⑤______ (make) in the City Gd Temple area, enjyed widespread ppularity.
After pening as a cmmercial prt, Shanghai is prud f ⑥______ (have) the first mechanized(机械化的) prductin line fr chpsticks, ⑦______are nt nly supplied t Zhngnanhai and Diayutai State Guesthuse but als presented t freign friends ⑧______gifts.
At present, at least 1.8 billin peple use chpsticks wrldwide. Chpsticks, thugh small, serve as ⑨______means t pass dwn Chinese civilizatin. It’s believed that recgnizing the cultural value f the custm matters in the ⑩______ (prmte) f Chinese traditins.
五、选词填空
1. We can get the mst __________ infrmatin frm large databases.
2. She believes that it is highly imprtant t bridge the digital divide and make sure that everyne has __________ t the Internet and knws hw t use new technlgy.
3. Trlls ften use several __________ names s that they can stay n a site.
4. Getting t knw a little bit abut British histry will help yu slve this __________.
5. Finally, in the 20th century, the suthern part f Ireland __________ the UK, which resulted in the full name we have tday.
6. And dwn by the sea, the __________ f the cean waves and cries f the seabirds make up the music f the cast.
7. Imagine having the __________ t sing tgether with hundreds f ther peple while yu are at hme alne.
8. Virtual chir members recrd themselves while they __________ alne n vide.
9. Tw years ag, I was tld I had a serius __________ which was difficult t cure.
10. At the same time, we all g thrugh __________ perids when we feel sad r alne.
六、书面表达
34． 假定你是李华,你的英国朋友Ben寒假想来北京旅游。请你根据以下要点用英语给他写一封信。内容主要包括：
1.介绍北京的著名旅游景点(故宫、长城等),观看京剧表演；
2.在北京胡同和当地人一起欢度春节；体验中国文化。
注意：
1. 词数80左右；
2. 可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。
3. 开头和结尾已经给出。
参考词汇：京剧Beijing Opera,胡同Hutng
Dear Ben,
Hw is everything?
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Lking frward t seeing yu in Beijing.
Best wishes!
Yurs,
Li Hua
参考答案
1．答案： D
解析：推理判断题。根据“Sharn, Aged 22”下文中“Besides, I dn’t knw what yur middle schl was like, but high schl teachers will nt care abut things such as hw much hmewrk yu already have fr ne night. It’s best t just learn t deal with things and manage yur time wisely s yu can achieve everything yu need t d. (此外,我不知道你的中学是什么样的,但是高中老师不会关心你一个晚上有多少作业。最好是学会明智地处理事情和管理你的时间,这样你就可以完成你需要做的一切。)”可知,高中老师不会关心你一个晚上有多少作业,在高中阶段需要学会明智地处理事情和管理你的时间；由此可知,Sharn认为在高中阶段要充分利用自己的时间,学会处理事情。故选D项。
2．答案： A
解析：细节理解题。根据“David, Aged 19”下文中“Making sme friends and staying with them will greatly help yu get used t high schl quickly. (交一些朋友并和他们待在一起将极大地帮助你迅速适应高中生活。)”可知,David认为结交朋友、与朋友相处有助于快速适应高中生活；由此可知,David提到结交朋友的重要性。故选A项。
3．答案： B
解析：细节理解题。根据“Eddie, Aged 20”下文中“When I started high schl, I was really nervus t, especially since I had been hmeschled all thrugh middle schl and didn’t really knw anyne. (当我刚进高中时,我也非常紧张,尤其是因为我整个初中都是在家里接受教育,我不认识任何人。)”可知,Eddie刚进高中的时候感到很焦虑紧张。故选B项。
4．答案： C
解析：细节理解题。根据第四段“Webster spent 28 years n the prject befre cmpleting the 70,000-wrd dictinary with his American-style spelling in 1828. He als added lcal wrds. (韦伯斯特花了28年的时间才在1828年完成了这部7万词的美式拼写词典。他还加入了当地的词汇)”可知,韦伯斯特词典中包含当地词汇,有7万词,且单词是美式拼写,C项“所有单词的拼写都没有u”不符合文意。故选C项。
5．答案： A
解析：词句猜测题。根据划线词的上文“After the Revlutinary War (1775-1783), Webster believed that Americans shuld have their wn dictinary (独立战争(1775-1783)后,韦伯斯特认为美国人应该有自己的词典)”和下文“He drpped the British “u” in sme wrds. And he changed “centre” int “center” fr children t learn English by spelling wrds mre like what they sunded. He used “subway” instead f British wrd “undergrund”. (他在一些单词中省略了英式的u。他把centre改成了center,让孩子们通过拼写更接近发音的单词来学习英语。他用subway代替了英国的undergrund)”可知,韦伯斯特编写该词典是在美国独立战争后,是为了让美国人拥有自己的词典,词典中的一些单词与英式英语不同。由此推知,他希望美国人在词典这方面能够独立,不依赖英式词典,划线词意思应该是“依赖”。故选A项。
6．答案： B
解析：细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中“Linguists believed it helped a new cuntry achieve unity (统一) and cultural independence at a time when mst peple cared abut plitical freedm. (语言学家认为,在大多数人关心政治自由的时候,它帮助一个新国家实现了统一和文化独立)”和最后一段““He was the creatr f ur language and the creatr f American identity,” said Jshua Kendall, wh is wrking n a bk abut Webster. “He at last brught us tgether thrugh ur language.” (正在撰写一本关于韦伯斯特的书的约书亚·肯德尔说：“他是我们语言的创造者,也是美国身份的创造者。他最终通过我们的语言让我们走到了一起。”)”可知,人们认为这部词典具有文化影响,并且帮助美国人团结起来,实现了身份的独立。故选B项。
7．答案： D
解析：主旨大意题。通读全文可知,文章第一段引出韦伯斯特开启了美式英语的拼写,第二至四段主要介绍了他编写词典的目的和词典的情况,第五和六段说明了这本词典的影响力。由此可知,D项“诺亚·韦伯斯特写了一本美式英语词典,改革了英语”契合文章大意。故选D项。
8．答案： D
解析：细节理解题。根据第二段“Studies suggest that 30 minutes may be the sweet spt fr scial media use, where users are able t stay cnnected with friends and family and view entertainment. Hwever, many ther studies shw that verly-heavy scial media use can lead t a lt f prblems, such as physical issues and depressin.(研究表明,30分钟可能是使用社交媒体的最佳时间点,在这段时间里,用户可以与朋友和家人保持联系,并观看娱乐节目。然而,许多其他研究表明,过度使用社交媒体会导致很多问题,比如身体问题和抑郁。)”可知,TikTk会对青少年设置屏幕时间限制是为了防止过度使用社交媒体。故选D。
9．答案： A
解析：推理判断题。根据第三段最后一句“Althugh these passwrds fr lder teenagers can bviusly be bypassed, they are a step in the right directin in encuraging children t use scial media respnsibly.(虽然年龄较大的青少年显然可以绕过这些密码,但这是鼓励孩子们负责任地使用社交媒体的正确方向。)”可知,作者对TikTk的新政策持支持态度。故选A。
10．答案： C
解析：细节理解题。根据第四段“Als, parents wh wn their wn TikTk accunts will be able t link with their children’s accunts, gaining additinal, such as muting ntificatins (消息免打扰) and custmizing time limits fr different days in the week.(此外,拥有自己的抖音账户的父母将能够与孩子的账户链接,获得额外的功能,例如静音通知和定制一周中不同日子的时间限制。)”可知,父母可以通过自己的账户设定时间限制来帮助孩子负责任地使用社交媒体。故选C。
11．答案： B
解析：主旨大意题。根据最后一段“Lawmakers arund the wrld are paying clse attentin t the effect scial media has n the yung, meaning that the develpment f new tls t imprve its use will n dubt take place sn if big tech wishes t avid additinal legal issues.(世界各地的立法者都在密切关注社交媒体对年轻人的影响,这意味着,如果大型科技公司希望避免额外的法律问题,改善社交媒体使用的新工具的开发无疑将很快展开。)”可知,关于社交媒体,最后一段主要讲了对其改进的法律压力。故选B。
12．答案： C
解析：细节理解题。根据第一段中“UNESCO experts gathering in Mrcc this week decided that the simple French bread—made nly f flur, water, salt, and yeast—was wrth U.N. recgnitin, after France’s culture ministry warned f a “cntinuus drp” in the number f traditinal bakeries (烘焙坊), with sme 400 clsing every year ver the past half century. (本周,联合国教科文组织的专家们齐聚摩洛哥,认为这种简单的法式面包—仅由面粉、水、盐和酵母制成—值得联合国认可。此前,法国文化部警告称,传统面包店的数量正在“持续下降”,在过去的半个世纪里,每年大约有400家面包店倒闭)”可知,联合国教科文组织将法式长棍面包列入世界非物质文化遗产的名单之中是因为它面临消失的危险。故选C项。
13．答案： D
解析：推理判断题。根据第二段中Audrey Azulay所说的话“The decisin hnrs mre than just bread; it recgnizes the ‘graceful skills f bakers’ and ‘a daily ritual (仪式)’. (这一决定不仅仅是对面包的尊重；它是对‘面包师的精湛技艺’和‘日常仪式’的认可)”和“It is imprtant that such baking knwledge and scial practices can cntinue t exist in the future. (重要的是,这些烘焙知识和社会实践能够在未来继续存在)”可知,Audrey Azulay认为这一决定既能体现对面包本身、面包师的技艺和其仪式感的认可,也能帮助其蕴含的烘焙知识和社会实践传承下去。由此推知,他觉得这是很有意义的。故选D项。
14．答案： B
解析：推理判断题。根据第三段中Asma Farhat所说的话“If there’s n baguette, yu can’t have a prper meal. In the mrning yu can tast it, fr lunch it’s a sandwich, and then it accmpanies dinner. (如果没有法式长棍面包,你就不能吃一顿像样的饭。早上你可以把它烤一下,午餐是三明治,晚餐是配菜)”可知,法国人三餐都会吃法式长棍面包,饮食不能少了它。由此推知,法式长棍面包在法国饮食中很常见。故选B项。
15．答案： D
解析：主旨大意题。通读全文可知,文章主要报道了法式长棍面包被联合国教科文组织列入世界非物质文化遗产的名单之中这一事件,介绍了这一决定的目的是避免这一传统面包消失,且对认可这种面包以及保护它的传承有重要意义,还补充了法国政府计划设立“开放烘焙坊日”来加强法国人与其文化遗产的联系。由此可知,D项“法式长棍面包—联合国教科文组织非物质文化遗产名录的新成员”概括了事件核心内容,适合作为标题。故选D项。
16．答案：CFADG
解析：①根据上文“The weather supplies many metaphrs (隐喻) fr ur changeable minds. Mds can brighten and darken, futures can be under a clud, and relatinships can be strmy.(天气为我们多变的思想提供了许多隐喻。情绪有明有暗,未来可能阴云密布,人际关系也可能风雨飘摇)”举了一些使用描写天气的表达来描述我们情感的例子,C选项“天气为描述我们的情感氛围提供了生动的语言”可概括这一内容,且C选项的主语Weather可与后半句的it构成指代关系,提问天气是否会影响我们的心情,引出下文。故选C。
②根据上文“Of the many aspects f weather, sunshine is the mst clsely tied t md. Althugh the link is weaker than many peple imagine, sunlight has repeatedly been fund t increase psitive mds and reduce tiredness.(在天气的诸多方面中,阳光与心情的关系最为密切。尽管这种联系比许多人想象的要弱,但人们一再发现阳光能增加积极情绪,减少疲劳)”提出阳光会让人们心情更好的发现,后文“Happy peple tend t be mre favrable tward ne anther, and peple are mre helpful when the sun is shining. One study even fund that diners in Minnesta, US, tipped mre generusly n sunny days.(快乐的人往往更喜欢彼此,当阳光灿烂的时候,人们更乐于助人。一项研究甚至发现,美国明尼苏达州的食客在晴天给的小费更慷慨)”则举出人们会更友好、更乐于助人,甚至出去吃饭时会给更多的小费,说明天气会影响我们的行为,F选项“任何改变我们情绪的事情都会影响我们的行为”符合语境,故选F。
③根据后文“A study shwed that university admissins fficers stressed the academic qualificatins f applicants mre n cludy days, and their nn-academic qualities mre n sunny nes.(一项研究表明,大学招生人员在阴天更强调申请者的学历,在晴天更强调他们的非学术素质)”可知,本段提到研究发现,大学的招生官在cludy days会更客观,更加看重学术成绩,而在阳光明媚的天气会更注重申请者的非学术品质,A选项“同样地,阴沉的天气可能鼓励严肃和冷静的思考”能概括本段的主要意思,且Similarly表明了本段与前段的关系,都在说明天气对人们心情的影响,故选A。
④根据后文“The mre it departs (偏离) frm an ideal f arund 20℃, the mre discmfrt we feel. One study fund that rates f helping thers decreased as temperatures drpped belw r rse abve this value.(温度离理想的20摄氏度越远,我们就越感到不舒服。一项研究发现,当气温低于或高于这个数值时,帮助他人的比率就会下降)”本段主要在讲气温对我们的影响,D选项“温度也会影响我们的思想和行为”能够概括本段大意,且D选项主语Temperature可与后句的it构成指代关系,故选D。
⑤根据后文“A study by US psychlgy researcher Matthew Keller and his clleagues shwed that beneficial effects f warm and sunny cnditins n md were nly seen in peple wh had spent mre than 30 minutes utdrs that day. Gd weather even had negative effects n md fr peple cnfined (限制) indrs, wh perhaps lked enviusly (嫉妒地) utside at the slar fun they were missing.(美国心理学研究员马修·凯勒和他的同事进行的一项研究表明,温暖和阳光的环境对情绪的有益影响只出现在那些当天在户外待了30分钟以上的人身上。好天气甚至对被关在室内的人的情绪也有负面影响,他们可能会羡慕地看着窗外错过的阳光)”可知,只有在人们当天在户外待30分钟以上,好天气才会对人们的心情产生积极影响,而好天气甚至会对只能待在室内的人产生消极影响,说明我们只有身处户外,心情才会受到天气的影响,G选项“基本上,只有当我们在户外经历天气时,天气才会影响我们”概括了这个意思。故选G。
17．答案： C
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：他每天都在祈祷,希望有人能过来救他,但令他失望的是,从来没有人来过。A. realizing意识到,实现；B. designing设计；C. hping希望；D. dubting怀疑。根据前文“A man landed n a deserted island after a shipwreck.”可知,这个人遇到了船只失事,登上了一个荒岛,应该是希望有人来救他。故选C。
18．答案： B
解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：他每天都在祈祷,希望有人能过来救他,但令他失望的是,从来没有人来过。 A. excitement兴奋,激动；B. disappintment失望；C. amazement惊奇；D. embarrassment尴尬。根据后文“n ne ever came.”可知,没有人来救他,因此他应该是很失望。故选B。
19．答案： A
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：几个月过去了,这个人学会了从岛上收集食物和柴火,并将它们储存在给他遮风避雨的小屋里。A. cllect收集；B. receive收到；C. rder命令；D. share分享。根据后文“fd and firewd frm the island and stred them in a hut”可知,他应是先收集食物和柴火,再把它们放到小屋里。故选A。
20．答案： A
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：几个月过去了,这个人学会了从岛上收集食物和柴火,并将它们储存在给他遮风避雨的小屋里。A. sheltered保护,掩蔽；B. suffered遭受；C. supplied提供；D. served服务。根据前文可知,他会将食物和柴火储存在小屋里,因此小屋是能够保护他的,是他的避难所。故选A。
21．答案： B
解析：考查副词词义辨析。句意：令他意外的是,他发现他的小屋和几乎所有的东西都着了火。A. naturally自然地；B. unexpectedly意外地；C. instead相反；D. anyway无论如何。根据前文可知,他搜寻食物回来时才发现小屋和其他东西着了火,说明他应该是很意外。故选B。
22．答案： D
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：只留下他身上的衣服了。A. valued珍惜；B. lst失去；C. mved移动,搬家；D. left离开,留下。根据前文“He saw his hut was n fire, alng with almst everything he had!”可知,他所有的东西都化为乌有了,身上的衣服是唯一留下来的东西。故选D。
23．答案： D
解析：考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这个人变得非常绝望,以至跪倒在地大哭起来,这时,他碰巧抬头向上看,发现一艘船朝他的方向驶来。A. excited兴奋的；B. tired疲劳的；C. weak虚弱的；D. hpeless绝望的。根据上文可知,他几个月来每天都在希望有人能来救他,结果自己在荒岛上的一切由于着火化为乌有,对于他来说,应该是感到绝望的。故选D。
24．答案： A
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：这个人变得非常绝望,以至跪倒在地大哭起来,这时,他碰巧抬头向上看,发现一艘船朝他的方向驶来。A. sptted发现；B. sught寻找；C. caught抓住；D. searched搜寻。根据上文可知,他是碰巧抬头才发现一艘朝他方向驶来的船只。故选A。
25．答案： D
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：这个男人获救了。A. prtected 保护；B. rewarded奖励；C. welcmed欢迎；D. saved营救。根据上文可知,有船向他的方向驶来。再根据后文“the man asked the captain”提及他向船长提问,可以推断他获救了。故选D。
26．答案： D
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：你们是怎么找到我的?A. trust信任；B. keep保持；C. seize抓住；D. find发现。根据后文可知,船长解释了如何找到他的原因,可以推断本句是在表达他向船长询问是如何发现他的。故选D。
27．答案： B
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：船长解释道,我们正在横渡大洋时,上升的一团烟雾引起了我们的注意。A. declared宣布；B. explained解释；C. added增加；D. fund发现。根据前文他向船长的发问可知,此处船长是在解释如何找到他的。故选B。
28．答案： C
解析：考查连接词词义辨析。句意：船长解释道,我们正在横渡大洋时,上升的一团烟雾引起了我们的注意。A. while当……时候；B. why……的原因；C. when当……时候；D. where在……地方。分析句子可知,此处应是时间状语从句,且从句动作应是非延续性动词,应用when引导。故选C。
29．答案： A
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：船长解释道,我们正在横渡大洋时,上升的一团烟雾引起了我们的注意。A. caught抓住；B. paid支付；C. attacked攻击；D. adapted适应。catch ne’s attentin为固定结构,意为“吸引了……的注意”。故选A。
30．答案： C
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：在一生中,我们总会面对挑战、困难和灾难。A. supplied供应；B. satisfied使……满足；C. faced面对；D. delighted使……愉悦。根据with后宾语“challenges, prblems and disasters”可知,句意应是表达生活中会面对挑战、问题和灾难。be faced with为固定结构,意为“面对”。故选C。
31．答案： B
解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：永远记住,灾难有的时候很可能是一个好运。A. experience经历,经验；B. luck运气；C. infrmatin信息；D. prgress进步。分析句意可知,此处是对这个人的遭遇进行了总结。着火使他失去了在荒岛上的一切,这是灾难；但着火的浓烟却带来了营救他的船,这是好运。因此总结为“灾祸有时也会带来好运”。故选B。
32．答案：t add；increasingly；has been set；dates；made；having；which；as；a；prmtin
解析：①考查非谓语动词。句意：近日,某组织采取措施将筷子列入上海市非物质文化遗产名录。非谓语动词担当目的状语,用动词不定式形式。故填t add。
②考查副词。句意：该组织主席徐华龙表示,尽管筷子是独特的中国物品,但在现代中国却越来越被忽视。担当本句的状语,用副词形式,意为“越来越……”。故填increasingly。
③考查时态和语态。句意：中国的邻国日本已经将8月4日定为“筷子节”。这里为本句谓语动词,根据时间状语“already”可知,本句时态为现在完成时；主语为“August 4th”,单数,和动词短语“set aside”之间为被动关系,所以用被动语态。故填has been set。
④考查时态和主谓一致。句意：上海的筷子文化可以追溯到唐朝,当时这些在城隍庙地区制作的物品广受欢迎。这里为本句谓语动词,主语为“Chpstick culture in Shanghai”,单数,谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。故填dates。
⑤考查非谓语动词。句意：上海的筷子文化可以追溯到唐朝,当时这些在城隍庙地区制作的物品广受欢迎。非谓语动词担当后置定语,被修饰词“these items”和动词“make”之间为被动关系,用过去分词形式。故填made。
⑥考查非谓语动词。句意：作为商埠开放后,上海自豪地拥有第一条机械化筷子生产线,这些筷子不仅供应给中南海和钓鱼台国宾馆,而且还作为礼品赠送给外国朋友。非谓语动词担当介词后的宾语,主动关系,用动名词形式。故填having。
⑦考查定语从句。句意：作为商埠开放后,上海自豪地拥有第一条机械化筷子生产线,这些筷子不仅供应给中南海和钓鱼台国宾馆,而且还作为礼品赠送给外国朋友。这里为定语从句的关系词,先行词为“chpsticks”,在非限制性定语从句中担当主语,用关系代词which引导。故填which。
⑧考查介词。句意：作为商埠开放后,上海自豪地拥有第一条机械化筷子生产线,这些筷子不仅供应给中南海和钓鱼台国宾馆,而且还作为礼品赠送给外国朋友。这里为介词的用法,意为“作为”,用介词“as”。故填as。
⑨考查冠词。句意：筷子虽小,却是传承中华文明的一种手段。修饰可数名词单数“means”,表示泛指,用不定冠词。故填a。
⑩考查名词。句意：人们认为,认识到这种习俗的文化价值对于弘扬中国传统很重要。分析句子成分可知,空处为名词形式。故填prmtin。
33．答案：updated；access；false；puzzle；brke away frm；rar；pprtunity；perfrm；disease；varius
解析：1.考查形容词。句意：我们可以从大型数据库中获得最新的信息。分析句子成分可知,空处为形容词,修饰空后的名词“infrmatin”；再根据空后的“frm large databases”可推测,空处指的是“新的”。单词“updated”,形容词,意为“更新的”,符合句意。故填updated。
2.考查名词。句意：她认为,弥合数字鸿沟,确保每个人都能访问互联网并知道如何使用新技术是非常重要的。分析句子成分可知,空处为名词形式；根据下文“knws hw t use new technlgy”可知,空处指的是“访问”互联网。单词“access”,可构成短语：have access t,意为“可进入、可使用”,符合句意。故填access。
3.考查形容词。句意：喷子经常使用几个假名字,这样他们就可以留在一个网站上。分析句子成分可知,空处为形容词形式,修饰空后的名词“names”；再根据下文的“they can stay n a site”可推测,空处指的是“虚假的”。单词“false”,形容词,意为“假的”,符合句意。故填false。
4.考查名词。句意：了解一点英国历史将有助于你解开这个谜题。分析句子成分可知,空处为名词形式,担当宾语。根据上文“Getting t knw a little bit abut British histry”可推测,空处指的是“谜题、谜团”。单词“puzzle”,名词,意为“谜题”,符合句意。故填puzzle。
5.考查动词短语。句意：最后,在20世纪,爱尔兰南部从英国分离出来,形成了我们今天的全名。分析句子成分可知,空处为本句谓语动词。根据空前“the suthern part f Ireland”和空后的“the UK”以及常识可知,20世纪,爱尔兰南部是从英国“分离出来”。动词短语“break away frm”,意为“脱离”,符合句意。根据时间状语in the 20th century可知,陈述过去事实,用一般过去时。故填brke away frm。
6.考查名词。句意：在海边,海浪的咆哮和海鸟的叫声构成了海岸的音乐。分析句子成分可知,空处为名词形式。根据空后的“the cean waves and cries f the seabirds”以及“the music f the cast”可推测,空处指的是海浪的“咆哮”。单词“rar”,名词,意为“咆哮”,符合句意。故填rar。
7.考查名词。句意：想象一下,当你独自在家的时候,有机会和数百人一起唱歌。分析句子成分可知,空处为名词形式。单词“pprtunity”可以和上下文构成短语：have the pprtunity t d sth.,意为“有机会做某事”,符合句意。故填pprtunity。
8.考查动词。句意：虚拟唱诗班成员在他们独自表演时录制自己的视频。分析句子成分可知,空处为从句的谓语动词。根据上文“Virtual chir members recrd themselves”可知,空处指的是“表演”。单词“perfrm”,动词,意为“表演”,符合句意。故填perfrm。
9.考查名词。句意：两年前,我被告知患有一种难以治愈的严重疾病。分析句子成分可知,空处为名词形式。再根据下文的“which was difficult t cure”可推测,空处指的是“疾病”。单词“disease”,名词,意为“疾病”,符合句意。故填disease。
10.考查形容词。句意：与此同时,我们都会经历不同的时期,当我们感到悲伤或孤独。分析句子成分可知,空处为形容词形式,修饰空后的名词“perids”。再根据下文“when we feel sad r alne”可知,空处指的是“不同的”。单词“varius”,形容词,意为“不同的,各种各样的”,符合句意。故填varius。
34．答案：
Dear Ben,
Hw is everything? I am excited t hear that yu are planning t visit Beijing during the winter vacatin. Beijing is a city full f histry and culture, and I am sure yu will enjy it.
Firstly, we can visit the Frbidden City, which is ne f the mst famus turist attractins in the wrld. If yu are interested, we can als watch a Beijing Opera perfrmance. It is a traditinal Chinese art frm with singing, dancing, and acting.
Secndly, I suggest yu experience the lcal culture by spending time in Hutng. During the Chinese New Year, these narrw streets becme even mre vibrant with firewrks, dragn dances, and delicius fd. It is a great pprtunity t see and participate in sme f the traditins that make up Chinese culture.
Lking frward t seeing yu in Beijing.
Best wishes!
Yurs,
Li Hua
解析：
1.词汇积累
兴奋的：excited→agg/thrilled
充满的：be full f→be filled with
首先：firstly→first f all/initially
机会：pprtunity→chance
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：Beijing is a city full f histry and culture, and I am sure yu will enjy it.
拓展句：Beijing, which I am sure yu will enjy, is a city full f histry and culture.
点睛：
【高分句型1】I am excited t hear that yu are planning t visit Beijing during the winter vacatin.(运用了that引导的宾语从句)
【高分句型2】Firstly, we can visit the Frbidden City, which is ne f the mst famus turist attractins in the wrld.(运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句)
33．access；annunced；apprach；brke away frm；disease；evidence；false；jined t；pprtunity；puzzle；perfrm；rar；treatment；updated；varius