山西省部分市2023-2024学年高二下学期期中考试英语试题汇编：阅读理解

这是一份山西省部分市2023-2024学年高二下学期期中考试英语试题汇编：阅读理解，共26页。
阅读理解
山西省太原市2023-2024学年高二下学期期中学业诊断英语试卷
第一节（共10小题；每小题2分，满分20分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。答案写在答题卡上。
A
Artificial Intelligence Prfessinal Prgram
Stanfrd Online Artificial Intelligence curses let yu virtually step int the classrms f Stanfrd prfessrs wh lead the AI revlutin. The curses, beginning n Wednesday May 1,2024, are based n Stanfrd graduate curses, but adapted fr the needs f wrking prfessinals.
Befre enrlling in yur first curse, yu need t apply fr an nline interview with yur prfessr (15-20 minutes). The interactin allws yu t tell yur prfessr abut yur interest in jining, as well as cnfirm that yu meet the essential requirements (Prficiency in Pythn, Cllege Calculus, Linear Algebra and Prbability Thery).
The curses will equip yu with the skills and cnfidence t:
Learn basic AI technlgies t perate AI mdels and tls.
Evaluate perfrmance f AI mdels accurately.
Carry ut search algrithms (算法) t find the shrtest paths and plan mtins fr the general-use rbts.
Guard against varius types f cyber crimes t keep infrmatin safe.
What yu will earn:
Yu'll earn a Stanfrd Prfessinal Certificate in Artificial Intelligence when yu successfully cmplete either three 10-week curses in the AI prfessinal educatin prgram r tw curses in the AI prfessinal educatin prgram plus ne curse in the AI graduate prgram. All the curses in the prgram will be accessible thrugh Wednesday July 31,2024.
16. What is necessary t enter fr the prgram accrding t the text?
A. A graduate certificate.
B. A Stanfrd's schlarship.
C. An interview n the Internet.
D. A prfessr's recmmendatin.
17. Which f the fllwing skills can be gained frm the prgram?
A. Updating AI mdels.
B. Maintaining cyber security.
C. Predicting future accurately.
D. Inventing rbts with new functins.
18. Hw lng will the prgram last?
A. Fur weeks.B. Tw mnths.C. Ten weeks.D. Three mnths.
B
A giant black bear is frcing himself ut f a gap under an abandned huse in Suth Lake Tahe, Califrnia. This is ne f the pictures frm the "Cities Gne Wild" prject launched by phtgrapher Crey Arnld. A series f mre images shw hw the bear slwly but surely mves its big bdy ut f the hle, ff t seek fr its dinner. Later that night, the camera recrded its returning and stuffing itself back int its hme.
The bear's size results frm its diet f human garbage. In parts f the US, where black bears are living in and arund cities, bth their behavirs and shapes have changed. Urban bears are less active than thse in the wilderness and live n a diet f human fd rich in sugar. As a result, they are smetimes duble in weight.
Fr three mnths in the field, Arnld phtgraphed the animals in varius cities acrss the US as they went abut their daily life—tracking where they slept, hw they fund fd, and their relatinship with humans. It's these animals that were the stars f his "Cities Gne Wild" series. Initially authrized by Natinal Gegraphic, the prject was recgnized in the 2023 Sny Wrld Phtgraphy Awards, winning first place in the wildlife and nature categry.
The "Cities Gne Wild" prject ffers a fresh view n the wildlife that inhabits ur cities. It demnstrates the ptential dangers as cities grw, native habitats are destryed, and humans and animals live in clser distance. It als thrws lights n the life f these animals and hints that the mre we understand them, the mre likely we are t find ways t get alng with them. "There's always ging t be a bit f cnflict. We have t strike a middle grund where we're nt eliminating them, but we're just learning t live with them and keep ur distance," says Arnld.
19. What makes urban bears versized accrding t the text?
A. Free mvement in the city.B. Unlimited amunt f fd.
C. Insufficient night-time sleep.D. Intake f sugary human fd.
20. What is the fcus f the pictures taken by Arnld?
A. The changes f cities.
B. The dangers peple face.
C. The urban animals' rutines.
D. The cnflicts amng animals.
21. Which f the fllwing can be the best title f the text?
A. Black Bears: Our Friends Frever
B. Sny Awards: Lifelng Pursuit f Artists
C. Crey Arnld: An Influential Phtgrapher
D. Cities Gne Wild: The Cexistence Prmter
C
In this present age, we are heavily dependent n science and technlgy. Invlving curses such as physics, chemistry and bilgy, a science-based educatin system can nt nly equip the yung with knwledge f the rules f the wrld but als develp their scientific curisity and prblem-slving skills. With the benefits and bjective attitude frmed when learning, the yung have mre pprtunities t be emplyed in cutting-edge research prjects and big cmpanies. S as fr Arts r Science, they prefer the latter.
Hwever, we still rely much n the Arts t understand the wrld. Literature curses can help students t learn abut different cultures by expsing them t varius aspects f life and excite their imaginatin required by ut-f-bx ideas. Studying plitics increases the awareness f glbal wrld. Histry can enrich them intellectually and scially, prviding a deeper understanding f the wrld and their place within it. Als, Arts can develp emtinal skills and mral values.
A science-based educatin cncentrating nly n the latest scientific develpments and breakthrughs, may verlk the study f mral values as well as significant histrical affairs. Fr instance, cuntless pssibilities can be realised thrugh clning, but science des nt reveal the mral dilemmas (两难境地) f its indulgent develpment. It is essential fr students t assess the far-reaching influence f science n the wrld and realise that it must ultimately be pursued reasnably and cntrllably.
In cnclusin, a science-based educatin certainly has its limitatins. Nevertheless, a science-based educatin cmbined with enugh expsure t values and the humanities wuld prvide students with a deeper insight int the wrld.
22. Why is a science-based educatin system ppular amng the yung accrding t the text?
A. It has diverse curses.
B. It prvides mre challenges.
C. It favrs their dreams f being a scientist.
D. It cntributes t mre career pprtunities.
23. Hw des the authr intrduce the rle f Arts?
A. By cllecting data.
B. By giving prfessinal reprts.
C. By sharing persnal experiences.
D. By listing the values f different curses.
24. Which f the fllwing can replace the underlined wrd "indulgent" in paragraph 3?
A. Uncntrlled.B. Nrmal.C. Difficult.D. Sustainable.
25. What is the writing purpse f the text?
A. T highlight the difficulty f science curses.
B. T ffer guidance n hw t learn all subjects well.
C. T recmmend Science & Arts cmbined educatin.
D. T stress the imprtance f the science-based educatin.
山西省忻州市2023-2024学年高二下学期4月期中英语试题
第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
It’s time t put yur wrries aside and pack yur bags fr sme f the tp mst relaxing places fr hlidays fr 2024.
Ks
Relaxing hlidays in Ks are all abut blending sft sand beaches, sparkling water, lush green interirs, and histry hunting. The cast is perfect fr lng leisurely walks n the beach, sunbathing in the Greek sunshine, and wallwing in the warm water. Histry buffs are in fr a treat with sme f the best histric architecture in Greece. Ks is hme t abundant Rman ruins and a 15th-century castle that is ideal fr an afternn f explring.
Lanzarte
The vast untuched landscape has made Lanzarte ne f the mst ppular hliday destinatins because it is truly smewhere yu can relax in peace, with nthing but sft sandy beaches and the ideal water fr first-time cean swimmers. Family hlidays t Lanzarte are as accmmdating as parents culd wish fr, ffering a hst f fantastic family-friendly fun fr all ages.
Crfu
As the greenest f the Greek islands, yu’re in fr a treat with ver tw millin live trees, rlling green hills, and pine frests that blanket the island in emerald beauty. Finding the perfect mix f histry hunting, nature explratin, and relaxatin is all within reach n a luxury Crfu hliday. The ld twns, harburs, and traditinal hstels will have yu relax and enjy the best f the Greek islands in n time.
Rvinj
Fr a cultural hliday filled with exquisite architecture, natinal parks with untuched natural wnders, and lng stretches f castline, lk n further than hlidays in Rvinj. Lcated in the nrth f Cratia, Rvinj ffers sme f the best pprtunities t explre the unique and mving culture. The twn is hme t narrw cbbled streets verlking the cean, with shps, galleries, and restaurants dtted thrughut, bringing yu the best f Cratia.
21. What can visitrs d at Ks?
A. Visit art galleries.B. Admire histric architecture.
C. Walk in natinal parks.D. Enjy family-friendly fun.
22. Which f the fllwing is mst suitable fr parents with children?
A. Ks.B. Rvinj.C. Crfu.D. Lanzarte.
23. What d the fur destinatins have in cmmn?
A. They all have sea view.B. They all have ld castles.
C They all belng t the same cuntry.D. They all have untuched landscape.
B
The mrning cmmute (通勤) is never fun, but if yu pass thrugh Stevenage n yur way t wrk, yur mrning might be a little brighter thanks t Nala the cat.
Dragging yurself ut f bed in the mrning and ff t wrk is hard, especially n dark winter mrnings Yu might be a little mre inclined t head ut f the huse with a spring in yur step if yur cmmute started at Stevenage Statin, where yu’d be greeted by a ginger cat called Nala.
Usually fund sitting n a ticket gate, fur-year-ld Nala lives clse t the statin with her wner Natasha Ambler, and ften heads t statin at rush hur t enjy attentin frm cmmuters. Ambler created a scial media page called The Adventures f Nala where hundreds f peple have shared phts f the adventurus cat.
Recent phts include Nala waiting in line fr her “cat-purr-ccin” at Csta, snzing (打盹) n newspaper stands and psing with cmmuters at the statin barriers.
Nala wears a GPS tracking device s that her travels can be traced, and is usually fund at the railway statin r the next dr leisure park. As well as the usual cllar with her name and wner s cntact infrmatin, Nala wears a tag t let peple knw that she s nt lst.
Ambler reprted that she’s nt wrried abut Nala in the slightest: She’s bviusly well-lved and she’s very happy ding what she des—I just hpe ne day she desn’t actually try t get n a train.
Nala brings a ray f jy t Stevenage cmmuters with her playful antics. Her presence nt nly brightens mrnings but als fsters a sense f cmmunity, as evidenced by the shared phts and interactins n scial media. Her wner’s care and Nala’s adventurus spirit ensure that she’s a belved and safe additin t the statin envirnment.
24. What is mrning cmmute usually like?
A. A little bit cmmn.B. Anything but fun.
C. Kind f pleasant.D. Smewhat interesting.
25. What makes it pssible fr Nala t turn up regularly at Stevenage Statin?
A. Her wner’s lve fr her.B. Her desire t entertain cmmuters.
C. The shrt distance frm the statin.D. Her preference fr the ticket gate.
26. Hw des Ambler keep track f Nala?
A. By using a psitining device.B. By fllwing Nala all the way.
C. By attaching a tag t Nala’s neck.D. By psting her cntact infrmatin n line.
27. What is Ambler’s attitude twards Nala’s actin?
A. Cncerned.B. Cntradictry.C. Oppsed.D. Relieved.
C
Great whites, the largest predatry (捕食性的) sharks in the wrld with the mst fatal attacks n humans, are tugh t imagine as newbrn babies. That is partially because n ne has seen ne in the wild, it seems, until nw.
Wildlife filmmaker Carls Gauna and UC Riverside bilgy dctral student Phiilip Sternes were scanning the waters fr sharks n July 9, 2023, near Santa Barbara n Califrnia’s central cast. That day, smething exciting appeared n the viewfinder f Gauna’s drne camera. It was a shark pup (幼崽) unlike any they’d ever seen.
“We enlarged the images, put them in slw mtin, and realized the white layer was being shed (脱落) frm the bdy as it was swimming,” Sternes said. “I believe it was a newbrn white shark shedding its embrynic layer.”
These bservatins are dcumented in a new paper in the Envirnmental Bilgy f Fishes jurnal. What Gauna and Sternes bserved culd help slve the lngstanding mystery f great white birthing habits. This may well be the first evidence we have f a pup in the wild. Great whites, referred t nly as white sharks by scientists, are gray n the tp and white n the bttm. But this rughly 5-ft-lng shark was pure white.
Thugh the paper authrs acknwledge it is pssible that the white layer the shark shed culd have been a skin cnditin, the tw believe what they saw was in fact a newbrn great white. First, great white females give birth t live pups. A secnd reasn is the presence f large, likely pregnant great whites in this lcatin. Finally, this lcatin ff the cast f central Califrnia has lng been prpsed as a birthing lcatin fr great whites. Many schlars believe great whites are brn farther ut at sea.
Great whites are listed as an internatinal endangered species. “Further research is needed t cnfirm these waters are indeed a great white breeding grund. But if it des, we wuld want lawmakers t step in and prtect these waters t help white sharks keep thriving,” Sternes said.
28. What d we knw abut what appeared n Carls Gauna’s camera?
A. It is unbelievable t scientists.B. It is tugh t identify.
C. It is nt pen t the public.D. It is rare in the wrld.
29. What des the white shark pup lk like?
A. Pure white.B. White nly n the bttm.
C. Gray n the tp.D. Pure gray.
30. What is paragraph 5 mainly abut?
A. Hw great white females give birth t pups.
B. Hw the authrs prve they saw a baby shark.
C. Why the authrs believe they saw a newbrn shark pup.
D. Why the authrs think the white layer is a skin cnditin.
31. What des Sternes hpe fr if their assumptin is cnfirmed?
A. Helping white sharks t stp breeding.
B. Listing white sharks as endangered species.
C. Using law t prtect shark pups and their habitats.
D. Further study t cnfirm white sharks breeding waters.
D
Cmpared t rbts, human bdies are flexible, capable f fine mvements, and can change energy efficiently int mvement. Drawing inspiratin frm human gait (步态), researchers frm Japan crafted a tw-legged bihybrid rbt by cmbining muscle tissues and artificial materials. This methd allws the rbt t walk and pivt (绕……旋转).
“Research n bihybrid rbts, which are a mix f bilgy and mechanics, is recently attracting attentin as a new field f rbtics featuring bilgical functin,” says crrespnding authr Shji Takeuchi f the University f Tky, Japan. “Using muscles as actuatrs (致动器) allws us t build a cmpact rbt and achieve efficient, silent mvements with a sft tuch.”
The research team’s tw-legged rbt, an innvative bipedal (二足的) design, builds n the legacy f bihybrid rbts that take advantage f muscles. Muscle tissues have driven bihybrid rbts t crawl and swim straight frward and make turns—but nt sharp nes. Yet, being able t pivt and make sharp turns is an essential feature fr rbts t avid bstacles.
T build a nimbler rbt with fine and delicate mvements, the researchers designed a bihybrid rbt that cpies human gait and perates in water. By alternating the electric stimulatin between the left and right leg every 5 secnds, the bihybrid rbt successfully “walked” at the speed f 5.4 mm/min (0.002 mph). T turn, researchers repeatedly zapped the right leg every 5 secnds while the left leg served as an anchr.
The rbt made a 90-degree left turn in 62 secnds. The findings shwed that the muscle-driven bipedal rbt can walk, stp, and make fine-tuned turning mtins.
“Currently, we are manually mving a pair f electrdes t apply an electric field individually t the legs, which takes time,” says Takeuchi. “In the future, by integrating the electrdes int the rbt, we expect t increase the speed mre efficiently.”
The team als plans t give jints and thicker muscle tissues t the bipedal rbt t enable mre cmplicated and pwerful mvements.
32. What is the weakness f a rbt?
A. Cmplex t perate.B. Awkward t mve.
C. Tugh t cntrl.D. Easy t lse energy.
33. What des the underlined wrd “nimbler” in paragraph 4 mean?
A. Mre stylish.B. Mre flexible.
C. Mre intelligent.D. Mre suitable.
34. What will the team d next?
A. Add mre pwer t the bipedal rbt.
B. Expand the use f the bipedal rbt.
C. Better the bipedal rbt’s mvements.
D. Apply an electric field t the bipedal rbt.
35. What is a suitable title fr the text?
A. Bihybrid rbts are a mix f bilgy and mechanics
B. Human bdies are flexible, capable f fine mvements
C. Making sharp turns is essential fr rbts t avid bstacles
D. Scientists designed a tw-legged rbt pwered by muscle tissues
山西省临汾市2023-2024学年高二下学期期中考试英语试题
一、阅读理解
Insider Flight Tips fr Yur Jurney
Anyne can bk a trip, but nt everyne can plan an ultimate adventure that is affrdable, accmmdating and fun. At www. tripinsiders. rg, we aim t prvide yu with the best insider secrets in the travel business. And n this website, we als ffer a state-f-the-art travel cmparisn tl t make planning easier than ever. Here are sme insider tips that we'd like t share with yu abut flights.
Lk fr Glitch (小故障) Fares
Online bking systems fr airfare dn’t cme withut a pricing mistake every nce in a while. Fllw deal-minded travel sites and blgs t learn abut pricing mistakes that wrk in yur favr. This is the mst useful if yu live near a majr airprt and have a flexible schedule.
Cnsider Alternate Airprts
Sme majr cities have mre than ne airprt, s make sure t check them all fr the cheapest fares. Fr example, if yu’re planning t visit the Bay Area f Califrnia, check fr rates in bth San Francisc Internatinal Airprt and Oakland Internatinal Airprt.
Crss the Brder by Land
Dmestic flights are ften cheaper than internatinal nes, s if yu live near a brder and want t fly t a neighbring cuntry, yu can save by crssing the brder by land and then catching a dmestic flight. Fr example, Trnt residents may save by crssing the American brder int Buffal and then flying t anther American city.
Use a Digital Luggage Scale
There’s nthing mre frustrating than learning that yur bag is t heavy t fly r that it’ll cst yu extra when yu arrive at the airprt. Digital luggage scales are great fr making sure that yu’re nt ging ver the baggage limit with yur new suvenirs.
1．What is the main purpse f ?
A．T recmmend travel websites.B．T fund the travel business.
C．T advertise a travel agency.D．T uncver travel business secrets.
2．What is advised fr air travel?
A．Selecting airprts.B．Flying the brder.
C．Carrying mre baggage.D．Having a fixed schedule.
3．What d the fur tips have in cmmn?
A．They cver all aspects f a trip.B．They help travelers save mney.
C．They merely apply t businessmen.D．They are nly fr Trnt residents.
Travis Gienger set a recrd fr grwing the wrld’s heaviest pumpkin, which weighed abut 1,247 kilgrams, in 2023. The middle-aged man was named the winner n Mnday f the 50th Safeway Wrld Champinship Pumpkin Weigh-Off in Half Mn Bay, Califrnia. He wn the same cn test in 2022, whse pumpkin weighed 1,161 kilgrams. The past wrld recrd fr the heaviest pumpkin was set by a grwer in Italy wh prduced a 1,226-kilgram pumpkin in 2021. “I was nt expecting that,” Gienger said. He added that it felt gd t win the wrld recrd.
Gienger is a teacher at Anka Technical Cllege in Anka, Minnesta. He teaches agriculture and grwing methds. And he has been prducing pumpkins fr nearly 30 years like his elders, especially his father, wh used t raise pumpkins in the hme prperty, which gt him interested in planting. Gienger later devted himself t wrking the land t plant.
Gienger first cmpeted in Half Mn Bay’s yearly cn test in 2020. He wn three f the city’s last fur pumpkin cntests. “I put in the wrk s that I can put a smile n peple’s faces, and it’s just s nice cming ut here t see everyne in this twn,” Gienger said.
Gienger, wh grew the pumpkins n the farm, had given his plants mre care. This included watering them up t 12 times a day and feeding r fertilizing them, a little mre than usual. Thse cntributed t his greater success in 2023.
The pumpkin champin wn a $30,000 prize fr grwing the biggest pumpkin and setting a wrld recrd. Gienger’s pumpkin wuld be shwn alng with the secnd-place winners at the city’s upcming Pumpkin Festival. At the event, visitrs wuld be able t lk at the pumpkin prize and take pictures with the grwers.
In the United States, pumpkins are ppular thrughut the autumn. During the US hliday Hallween, n Octber 31, many peple turn them int “jack-’-lanterns”. A jack-’-lantern is a pumpkin that has been carved, usually t shw a frightening r funny face.
4．Hw did Gienger feel abut his winning the wrld recrd?
A．Surprised.B．Suspicius.C．Expected.D．Embarrassed.
5．What affected Gienger’s career chice?
A．His family traditin.B．His lve fr his farm.
C．His prmise t his father.D．His desire fr winning a prize.
6．What des the authr want t explain in paragraph 4?
A．Hw many awards Gienger gt in 2023.
B．Hw lng Gienger wrked a day in 2023.
C．Why Gienger grew pumpkins n the farm.
D．Why Gienger’s pumpkin was heavier than befre.
7．What d we knw abut the award-winning pumpkin in 2023?
A．It wuld be given t a visitr.
B．It wuld be made int a lantern.
C．It wuld be n shw at a festival.
D．It wuld be used t decrate pictures.
Fr almst a century, Ecuadr’s giant trtises (陆龟) have been prtected. These species are ne f the largest living reptiles (爬行动物) n the planet. They live a very lng life—the ldest trtise n recrd was 175 years ld. And, they all live n the Galapags Islands.
Hunting the trtises is illegal under Ecuadr’s laws, but nw the Attrney General’s ffice has pened an investigatin int the remains f fur trtises that were fund in the park. Trtise meat is cnsidered delicius, meaning there can be large financial gains made by wildlife hunters. “This is nt an islated incident,” said the Galápags Cnservancy, a US-based cnservatin rganizatin in a statement. “In September 2021, the remains f 15 critically endangered giant trtises frm the subspecies Chelnidisguntheri were fund n Isabela. Evidence frm the investigatin shwed that the reptiles had likely been hunted fr cnsumptin.”
The islands are cnsidered ne f the wrld’s best places t see wildlife, and they’re hme t animal and plant species that are fund nwhere else in the wrld. The famusly fearless wildlife is believed t have been a surce f inspiratin fr Darwin’s thery f evlutin, fllwing his visit t the islands in 1835. The islands were actually discvered by accident in 1535, when a Spanish ship was blwn ff curse while sailing frm Panama t Peru. Ridiculusly enugh, the ship’s captain was unimpressed by the islands, writing t the king that they were “wrthless”.
In late August, a special unit fr envirnmental crime traveled t the Galápags Islands t investigate and interview park keepers abut the incident. And when the keepers discvered fur animal bdies n Isabela Island, just a few mnths after the discvery f 15 dead trtises, envirnmentalists were shcked. There were nce at least 250,000 trtises n the islands. But nw there are nly fewer than 15,000 in the wild tday, and tw subspecies are already extinct. “Evidence frm the 2021 investigatin shwed that the reptiles had likely been hunted fr cnsumptin,” Galapags Cnservancy cntinued. “Therefre, it cmes as n surprise that many are wrried that their ppulatin will cntinue t decrease if serius actin isn’t taken sn.”
8．What des the underlined wrd “This” in paragraph 2 refer t?
A．The lng life f the giant trtises.B．The hunting f the trtises in the park.
C．The fd cnsumptin f the trtises.D．The investigatin int the remains f the trtises.
9．Why is Darwin’s thery f evlutin mentined in paragraph 3?
A．T shw the value f the islands.B．T criticize the captain’s ignrance.
C．T present Darwin’s great achievements.D．T raise peple’s awareness f prtecting the islands.
10．What des the authr say abut the trtises in the last paragraph?
A．It is nt surprising that they are dying ut.B．The ppulatin f them is n the sharp decline.
C．Strict measures have been taken t prtect them.D．They have been s ppular because f their meat.
11．Which f the fllwing is the best title fr the text?
A．Reptiles Face Extinctin in a Park f Ecuadr
B．Hw Are Galápags Giant Trtises Well Prtected?
C．Hunting Threatens Galápags Giant Trtises’ Survival
D．Why Are Galápags Giant Trtises Called Fearless Reptiles?
Scientists have lng believed that Mars was wet arund three billin years ag and then lst much f its water. But a new study presents evidence f water activity frm abut 700 millin years ag, psing a new puzzle abut Mars and its histry fr scientists t crack in their future studies.
The new study is based n data frm China’s Zhurng rver (“祝融号”火星车), part f the Tianwen-1 missin that tuched dwn n the surface f Mars in May 2021. In particular, the scientists used data the rver gathered during its first 92 Martian days, at its landing site in Utpia Planitia. Yang Liu, a researcher frm the Chinese Academy f Sciences(CAS), and his clleagues analyzed data frm three different instruments n Zhurng. Thse instruments studied minerals that suggest the presence f a large quantity f liquid water at the site abut 700 millin years ag, which scientists previusly thught was dry.
“This is a very interesting result. We have very little recrded evidence f yung liquid water systems n Mars. And fr the nes we have, they were usually in the frm f salt minerals,” says Dr. Scheller, a scientist at the Califrnia Institute f Technlgy. He explained Zhurng’s instruments sptted water mlecules lcked away in the rck, which was different frm ther yung liquid water envirnments that have been bserved.
“One f the majr things we’ll have t find ut and that I lk frward t seeing frm the Zhurng rver is hw extensive these ‘yung’ water-bearing minerals are,” Dr. Scheller said. “Are they cmmn r uncmmn in these ‘yung’ rcks?” Zhurng has nw cvered abut tw kilmeters during its mre than 350 Martian days and has analyzed a range f features n its travels, meaning mre new Martian insights are likely still t cme frm the rver.
NASA has s far sent its Mars rvers t ancient landing sites, dating back t mre than 3.7 billin years ag. Zhurng is nt just an extra set f wheels n Mars, but a pwerful suite f instruments explring a new, gelgically yung site t pen new windws f pprtunity fr research n Mars.
12．What des the underlined wrd “crack” in paragraph 1 mean?
A．Keep.B．Dubt.C．Slve.D．Create.
13．What des the new study shw accrding t paragraph 2?
A．The inaccuracy f data gathered n Mars.
B．Functinal limitatins f instruments n Mars.
C．Main reasns fr the failure f the Tianwen-1 missin.
D．The miscnceptin f past thinking abut Martian water.
14．Which f the fllwing des Dr. Scheller cnvey?
A．The result has been recrded by many scientists.
B．Zhurng’s wide analyses will bring mre surprises.
C．Salt minerals are yunger than water-bear ing minerals.
D．Yung water-bearing minerals are cmmn in yung rcks.
15．Which wrd can best describe Zhurng?
A．Ancient.B．Cmmn.C．Alarming.D．Prmising.
山西省长治市2023-2024学年高二下学期4月期中英语试题
第一节(共15小题；每小题2. 5分，满分37. 5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Fr many peple, a visit t a wildlife park is an essential must-d activity. Few travel experiences can cmpare t the chance t bserve wild animals free ly explring in their natural habitats within prtected wildlife areas. Here are sme f the wrld’s finest wildlife parks frm varius crners f the glbe.
Masai Mara Natinal Reserve, Kenya
Lcated in the suthwest f Kenya, the Masai Mara is knwn as ne f the wrld’s mst significant and well-knwn wildlife cnservatin areas. If yu’re seeking an unfrgettable traditinal wildlife park adventure, lk n further than the Masai Mara Natinal Reserve. Famus fr its rich diversity f wildlife, yu can expect t see vast numbers f lepards, elephants and lins.
Serengeti Natinal Park, Tanzania
Listed as a UNESCO Wrld Heritage Site, the Serengeti Natinal Park is a breathtaking landscape and ne f the few remaining natural wnders n Earth. Situated in nrthern Tanzania, it is knwn fr the annual migratin f wildlife t permanent water surces. Witnessing this extrardinary event, yu’ll get t see vast herds f zebras, buffales, and elephants making their way t the waterhles as seasns change, fllwed clsely by predatrs (捕食者) arund.
Tierra del Fueg Natinal Park, Argentina
Situated at the suthernmst tip f Argentina, Tierra del Fueg Natinal Park features a diverse ecsystem with frests, muntains, and waterfalls. It is a breathtaking wildlife park, hme t beautiful species such as eagles, rabbits and Nrth American beavers. In additin t wildlife viewing, visitrs t Tierra del Fueg ften engage in hiking and fishing activities amng its breathtaking surrundings.
21. Which park favrs smene wh enjys a traditinal wildlife tur?
A. Masai Mara Natinal Reserve. B. Serengeti Natinal Park.
C. Tierra del Fueg Natinal Park. D. The three parks mentined in the text.
22. What can visitrs d in Serengeti Natinal Park?
A. Watch the annual migratin f many animals.
B. Explre numbers f different landscapes.
C. Create a must-have bucket-list.
D. Hike and fish in the park.
23. What distinguishes Tierra del Fueg Natinal Park frm ther parks?
A. Its prximity t urban areas.
B. Its extensive netwrk f hiking trails.
C. Its representatin f diverse ecsystems.
D. Its fame as a UNESCO Wrld Heritage Site.
B
Eradajere Oleita, a 26-year-ld student and envirnmental advcate frm Detrit, has designed an innvative(创新的) slutin t settle tw urgent prblems in her cmmunity: waste and pverty. Knwn as the Chip Bag Prject, Oleita encurages lcal snack enthusiasts t dnate their empty chip bags instead f thrwing them away. These dnated bags are then transfrmed int sleeping bags fr the hmeless.
Chip cnsumers can drp ff their empty bags frm ppular brands like Drits and Lays at specific lcatins in Detrit, including a print shp and a clthing stre. Here, Oleita and her team f vlunteers cllect the bags, clean them thrughly with sapy ht water, and carefully press them tgether. They reuse stuffing and liners frm ld cats t line the insides f the sleeping bags.
Creating each sleeping bag is a labr-intensive prcess, taking apprximately fur hurs f sewing and requiring anywhere frm 150 t 300 chip bags, depending n their size. The resulting sleeping bags are said t be resistant t water, light in weight, and cnvenient t transprt.
Since its beginning in 2020, the Chip Bag Prject has successfully cllected ver 800, 000 chip bags and has prduced 110 sleeping bags as f last December. While it may seem simpler t raise funds t purchase new sleeping bags, Oleita and her dedicated vlunteers are driven by a shared missin—t make a scial impact while als dealing with envirnmental cncerns.
Furthermre, the prject carries symblic significance by rescuing chip bags that wuld therwise end up in landfills and reusing them t aid the hmeless. This initiative underscres the intercnnectedness f envirnmental issues and pverty, serving as a pwerful reminder f the need t deal with these challenges cllectively. As Oleita states, “I think it’s time t shw cnnectins between all f these issues. ”
24. What inspired Oleita t start the Chip Bag Prject?
A. Her interest in sewing and crafting.
B. Her passin fr envirnmental activism.
C. Her desire t address bth waste and pverty.
D. Her enthusiasm fr snacks like Drits and Lays.
25. Hw are the chip bags cllected fr the prject?
A. By purchasing them frm cmmunity stres.
B. By rganizing cleanup events in the cmmunity.
C. By encuraging lcal businesses t dnate them.
D. By urging lcal residents t dnate their empty bags.
26. What are the three main characteristics f the resulting sleeping bags?
A. Expensive, clrful, and stylish.
B. Durable, heavy, and difficult t carry.
C. Expensive, luxurius, and fashinable.
D. Waterprf, lightweight, and easy t carry.
27. Which wrds best describe Oleita?
A. Selfless and energetic. B. Devted and innvative.
C. Hardwrking and respnsible. D. Talented and enthusiastic.
C
In recent studies, dctrs are emplying feature films t mtivate their patients t pen up abut their issues. Supprters f “film therapy (疗法)” say that discussing characters and pltlines frm a prper film can help peple t understand their feelings better.
One f thse using the methd is Dr. Zhang, a dctr frm Shanghai, wh charges ¥250 fr a ne-hur “film therapy” sessin. He said, “I was treating a wman wh had been badly heartbrken in a relatinship, and wh was experiencing such strng feelings that it was difficult fr her t speak abut them. I tld her that her situatin reminded me f On the Waterfrnt, where the her realizes his brther is dishnest and he feels a great sense f betrayal (背叛). My patient identified s easily with him that she started t cry. Watching and discussing the film unlcked all the feelings she had buried. Each time she watched and cried, she felt better. ”
Dr. Zhang admits that film therapy isn’t effective fr everyne, but he has successfully used it with arund a third f his patients. He believes that thrugh the characters, plts, and even the music f films, peple can face their prblems. Fr instance, he mentined the mvie Falling Dwn, in which Michael Duglas plays the part f an unemplyed man wh is s depressed that he uses vilence, was an example f the dangerus results f nt letting anger g. “I used this film with a patient wh was very upset because he was hlding back a lt f the anger he felt twards peple wh had hurt him, ” said Dr. Zhang. “We talked abut Michael Duglas’s character and the vilent path he takes, and my patient then realized that he needed t let g f his feelings mre regularly s as nt t burst ut like a time bmb. ”
28. What is the main purpse f film therapy accrding t Dr. Zhang?
A. T prmte specific mvies t patients.
B. T entertain patients during therapy sessins.
C. T analyze the technical aspects f filmmaking.
D. T help patients understand their feelings better.
29. Why did the patient cry when watching On the Waterfrnt?
A. Because she wanted t release her srrw.
B. Because she brught her sufferings t mind.
C. Because she realized she had been cheated.
D. Because she thught f her lver suddenly.
30. Which statement is Dr. Zhang mre likely t agree n?
A. The film therapy can be applied t all patients.
B. Film stars can help peple slve their prblems.
C. Films can cntribute t unlcking hidden feelings.
D. This therapy shuld be ppularized all ver the wrld.
31. What culd ccur if patients dn’t deal with their emtins effectively?
A. They may turn t vilence. B. They may criticize films a lt.
C. They may stp enjying mvies. D. They may depend n film therapy.
D
In the first glbal study f lake clr, researchers discvered that abut ne-third f the wrld’s lakes are blue. Hwever, if average summer temperatures rise, sme clear waters culd turn green r brwn. This clr change may impact hw peple use the lakes and prvide insights int lake ecsystems. Factrs like water depth and land use als affect lake clr. Green r brwn lakes tend t have mre algae(水藻) and rganic matter.
The scientists then lked at lcal climates during that time t see hw they may be linked t lake clr arund the wrld. Lakes in places with average summer air temperatures that were belw 19℃ were mre likely t be blue than lakes with warmer summers, the researchers find. If average summer temperatures increase anther 3℃—an amunt that scientists think is pssible by the end f the century—thse 3, 800 lakes culd turn green r brwn. That’s because warmer water helps algae prduce mre flwers, which changes the qualities f the water, giving it a green-brwn clr, Yang says.
If sme lakes d becme less blue, peple will prbably lse sme f the resurces that have cme t value, says O’Reilly, a scientist at Suthern Methdist University in Dallas. But the clr changes wuldn’t necessarily mean that the lakes are any less healthy. “Humans dn’t value lts f algae in a lake, but if yu’re a certain type f fish species, yu might feel like ‘this is great’, ” O’Reilly says.
The clr f a lake can prvide valuable insights int the verall health f its ecsystem, serving as a baseline fr assessing the impact f climate change n Earth’s freshwater resurces. By clsely mnitring changes in lake clr ver time, scientists can gain a better understanding f ptential shifts in the envirnment. Cntinued bservatin and analysis f lake cnditins may als aid in predicting future changes and their influence fr ecsystems and human ppulatins alike.
32. What rle d water depth and land use play in lake clr?
A. They have n impact n lake clr.
B. They determine the size f the lake.
C. They are unrelated t the clr f the lake.
D. They influence the clr change f the lake.
33. Why might warmer water cntribute t the green-brwn clr f lakes?
A. It reduces algae grwth. B. It prmtes algae grwth.
C. It causes water t evaprate. D. It has n effect n lake clr.
34. Accrding t O’Reilly, hw might sme fish species react t changes in algae levels?
A. They may benefit frm increased algae.
B. They may migrate t ther deep lakes.
C. They may suffer health cnsequences.
D. They may becme endangered easily.
35. What is the main idea f the last paragraph?
A. The influence f lake cnditins n human ppulatins.
B. The prcess f mnitring changes in lake clr ver time.
C. The significance f lake clr in assessing ecsystem health.
D. The impact f climate change n Earth’s freshwater resurces.
山西省大同市2023-2024学年高二下学期4月期中教学质量监测英语试题
第一节（共15小题；每小题2. 5分，满分37. 5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项 (A、B、C和D) 中，选出最佳选项。
A
Sending yur rugs (小地毯) t the cleaners can get expensive. A grwing number f brands are making rugs designed t be thrwn directly int yur wn washing machine.
Revival Washable Rug
Price: $109 and up
Size: 2 ft. x 3 ft.
Care: Machine-washable, hang-dry fr 36 hurs.
Cnsumer Reprts' take: This small rug feels sft under yur feet and hides stains (污渍) well. After having cffee drpped n it, a 30-minute gentle cycle in a washer gt rid f the resulting stains.
Lrena Canals Rug
Price: $629
Size: 5 ft. 7 in. x 7 ft. 11 in.
Care: Machine-wash in cld water. Dry n lw heat.
Cnsumer Reprts' take: A single machine washing gt rid f the big cffee stain made n this wl and cttn rug. It can g in the dryer, t, and may require 2 hurs t get cmpletely dry.
Ruggable Mrccan Rug
Price: $309 and up
Size: 5 ft. x 7 ft.
Care: Machine-washable. Dry n lw heat r hang-dry fr 36 hurs.
Cnsumer Reprts' take: This super-sft rug is easy t clean. A damp twel alne remved a juice stain. The ther stains n the rug disappeared after machine-washing it n a gentle cycle.
Ruggable Jnathan Rug
Price: $119 and up
Size: 2 ft. x 3 ft.
Care: Machine-wash in cld water. Dry n lw heat r hang-dry fr abut an hur.
Cnsumer Reprts' take: This rug stayed in gd shape even thugh it was used in a high-traffic kitchen. All stains were gne after washing it using a gentle cycle.
21. Hw lng des a washer take t remve cffee stains n Revival Washable Rug?
A. 36 hurs. B. 30 minutes. C. 2 hurs. D. 23 minutes.
22. Which rug is suitable fr kitchen use accrding t Cnsumer Reprts' view?
A. Revival Washable RugB. Lrena Canals Rug
C. Ruggable Mrccan RugD. Ruggable Jnathan Rug
23. What d these rugs have in cmmn?
A. They all cst $119 and up. B. They are very similar in size.
C. They dry nly n lw heat. D. They are machine-washable.
B
Everything went wrng fr American climber Beck Weathers n his trip t Munt Qmlangma in May f 1996. His eyes respnse t the extremely thin xygen levels near the highest summit n Earth was “snw blindness”. Weathers culd nt see mre than 3 feet in frnt f him. His guide, Rb Hall, made him agree nt t climb t the summit and he wuld wait fr Hall till he gt back.
Anther grup f climbers returning dwn frm a pwerful snw strm came upn Weathers. They decided t help him dwn, but a strm with 70 mph winds frced them t merely gather tgether fr warmth. During a quiet perid f the strm, ne man went back t the camp fr assistance. Hurs later help returned, but they decided Weathers was t unrespnsive and appeared t be beynd saving. He was left waiting fr death.
“I wke up in the snw, pened my eyes, and directly in frnt f me was my unglved righthand, which was clearly dead,” Weathers remembered. "It lked like a marble sculpture f a hand. I hit it n the ice and realized that s much f my tissue was dead, s I wasn't feeling any pain. That had the wnderful effect f fcusing my attentin. If I didn't stand up, I realized I was ging t die n that spt. I figured I had three r fur hurs left t live, s I started walking. All I knew was, as lng as my legs wuld run, and I culd stand up, I was ging t mve tward that. camp. If I fell dwn, I was ging t get up and keep mving until I hit that camp.” As everybdy thught Weathers culd nt survive, he struggled t stand up and mve frward fr survival in the face f adversity. Finally, he made it. It's believed that his success relied n his strng belief and curage.
24. Why did Beck Weathers give up climbing the Munt Qmlangma?
A. Because the tugh envirnment tk his breath away.
B. Because the cld weather frze his hands and feet.
C. Because the thin xygen level narrwed his eyesight.
D. Because the terrible strm damaged his equipment.
25. What des the underlined wrd “unrespnsive” mean in the secnd paragraph?
A. Reactinless. B. EmtinlessC. Faithless. D. Fearless.
26. Hw did Beck Weathers manage t return t the camp?
A. By fcusing attentin. B. By awaiting rescue.
C. By remaining standing. D. By keeping walking
27. Which f the fllwing best describes Beck Weathers?
A. AmbitiusB. CurageusC. Dynamic. D. Respnsible.
C
Fr many yung students, the schl break is nt a time fr play, but rather a perid f intense wrking ut at weight lss camps. The extreme ppularity f these camps is a sign f the alarming trend in China—childhd besity (过度肥胖). Accrding t a reprt published by the Natinal Health Cmmissin in 2020, ne in five Chinese yuth aged 6-17 years is verweight r bese, up frm just ne in 20 in 1995.
This increase is driven by multiple scial factrs. Fr instance, heavy cursewrk at schl and a ready availability f digital devices are fixing the cuntry's yunger generatins in a mre inactive lifestyle. Als, an age-ld belief that mre fd cnsumptin equals better grwth has led many parents t spil their children with an unlimited supply f junk fd and late night snacks. Besides, weight gain during their mther's pregnancy, regularly skipping breakfast, high intake f sweet fds and drinks, and insufficient sleep can all add t the risk f becming verweight.
Extra weight gained in childhd may likely be carried int adulthd and increase the risks f high bld pressure, heart disease, sleep disrders and cancers. What's mre, the strng feeling f scial disapprval related t besity can als have a dangerus effect n a child's emtinal well-being and self-esteem (自尊). Sme f verweight teenagers can't even finish their primary educatin.
Therefre, parents shuld clsely mnitr their children's weight frm an early age s that they can intervene withut delay when signs f besity shw. That des nt mean that parents shuld rely n dietary restrictin r slimming pills fr dramatic transfrmatins. A balanced diet, regular physical activity, limited screen time and sufficient sleep are enugh t help children maintain a healthy weight.
28. Hw did the besity rate fr Chinese yuth change frm 1995 t 2020?
A. It mre than dubled. B. It became fur times.
C. It stayed the same. D. It drpped by half.
29. What cntributes t the increase in childhd besity?
A. A drp in physical activities. B. An limited supply f snakes.
C. Reduced intake f sugary drinks. D. Right amunts f restful sleep.
30. What shuld parents d t help their children avid besity?
A. They shuld stp their children having sweet fds.
B. They shuld limit their children's time spent indrs.
C. They shuld keep clse track f their children's weight.
D. They shuld ask their children t take slimming pills.
31. What can be a suitable title fr the text?
A. Childhd Obesity in ChinaB. Cncerns abut Public Health
C. Increase in Children's HeightD. Healthy Lifestyle Recmmended
D
Petry has a lng histry, dating back t the Epic (史诗) f Gilgamesh, cmpsed 4, 000 years ag in what is nw Iraq and Syria. Early pems develped frm flk sngs such as the Chinese Shijing, r frm a need t retell the actins f great men and wmen r abut a natin's histry.
Ancient attempts t define petry, such as Aristtle's Petics, fcused n the uses f speech in rhetric, drama, sng and cmedy. Later attempts cncentrated n features such as repetitin, verse frm and thyme, and emphasized the aesthetics (美学) which distinguish petry frm mre bjectively infrmative frms f writing. Frm the mid-20th century, petry has been mre generally regarded as a creative act emplying language. Petry uses frms t suggest different interpretatin t wrds, r t prduce emtive respnses. Devices such as rhythm are used t achieve musical effects. The use f ambiguity (模糊不清), symblism, and ther stylistic elements f petic descriptin ften leaves a pem pen t multiple interpretatins. Similarly figures f speech such as metaphr and simile create a layering f meanings, frming cnnectins previusly nt perceived.
Sme petry types are specific t particular cultures and respnd t characteristics f the language in which the pet writes. Readers used t identifying petry with Dante, Gethe, and Rumi may think f it as written in lines based n rhyme and regular meter; there are, hwever, traditins that use ther means t create rhythm. Much mdern petry reflects a criticism f petic traditin, playing with and testing the principle f rhyme itself, smetimes altgether giving up rhyme r set rhythm. In tday's increasingly glbalized wrld, pets ften adapt frms, styles and techniques frm diverse cultures and languages.
32. What did early petry riginate frm?
A. Flk sngs. B. Ethnic music. C. Ancient stries. D. Histrical events.
33. What d we knw abut petry accrding t paragraph 2?
A. Mdern petry study fcuses n the uses f speech.
B. Petry uses rhythm t achieve gd visual effects.
C. Petry has been treated as a creative act fr years.
D. Frm makes petry different frm ther writings.
34. What can be inferred abut mdern petry?
A. Pets will strictly fllw the principle f rhyme.
B. Pets will adapt mre diverse frms and styles.
C. Pets will emphasize lcal language characteristics.
D. Pets will develp new frms f figures f speech.
35. Where is the text mst prbably taken frm?
A. Science fictin. B. Newspaper. C. Fashin magazine. D. Encyclpedia.
答案：
山西省太原市2023-2024学年高二下学期期中学业诊断英语试卷
16. C 17. B 18. D 19. D 20. C
21. D 22. D 23. D 24. A 25. C
山西省忻州市2023-2024学年高二下学期4月期中英语试题
21—23 BDA 24—27 BCAD 28—31 DACC 32—35 BBCD
山西省临汾市2023-2024学年高二下学期期中考试英语试题
1．D 2．A 3．B
4．A 5．A 6．D 7．C
8．B 9．A 10．B 11．C
12．C 13．D 14．B 15．D
山西省长治市2023-2024学年高二下学期4月期中英语试题
21-23 AAC 24-27 CDDB 28-31 DBCA 32-35 DBAC
山西省大同市2023-2024学年高二下学期4月期中教学质量监测英语试题
21—23. BDD24—27. CADB28—31. BACA32—35. ACBD