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北师大版 (2019)选择性必修 第一册Lesson 1 The Sixth Extinction说课ppt课件
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这是一份北师大版 (2019)选择性必修 第一册Lesson 1 The Sixth Extinction说课ppt课件，共25页。PPT课件主要包含了NOTES，Case Study，died out ，set up，wipe out，完成课后相关练习等内容，欢迎下载使用。
1 Hw many d yu knw abut extinctin? Chse the ptin based n yur knwledge.
ACTIVATE AND SHARE
1 Hw many times up t tday has life n Earth almst died ut? a Once. b Five times. c Mre than 10 times.2 Abut what percent f all species n Earth became extinct during the mass extinctin knwn as the “Great Dying”? a Less than 10%. b Nearly 50%. c Mre than 90%.3 What d scientists think will cause the next mass extinctin? a Human activity. b Natural causes. c Unknwn reasns.
READ AND EXPLORE
2 Read a text abut extinctin. Then check yur answers in Activity 1.
Extinctins, where entire species are wiped ut, are nt unusual in ur Earth’s histry, In fact, ver 90 percent f all species that ever lived are nw extinct. In the last 500 millin years, there have been five times when life n Earth has almst ended. These include the third mass extinctin, knwn as the “Great Dying”, which killed 90% t 96% f all species. And the fifth event, which ccurred 66 millin years ag, caused the death f the dinsaurs.
The reasns fr extinctins are varied, Accrding t scientists, they include vlcanic eruptins, asterids hitting the Earth frm space, changes in sea levels, the decrease f the xygen cntent f the sea and glbal warming. Many scientists say we are nw entering the Earth’s sixth mass extinctin. This time, human activity will be t blame.
Althugh it is nt unusual fr species t die ut naturally, the rate at which this is nw happening is cause fr cncern. A 2015 study by scientists wh were based at Brwn University and Duke University in the US, lked at hw quickly species die ut due t natural causes, that is, the “backgrund extinctin rate”.
They fund that human activity is causing species t die ut 1,000 times faster than nrmal. There is a lng list f reasns why s many species are dying ut: air and water pllutin frests being destryed, factry farming and verfishing. It is clear that human activity has negatively affected all ther species n Earth, including animals and plants.
If a sixth mass extinctin ccurs, scientists wh have studied the issue believe that up t three quarters f all species n Earth culd die ut. Of curse, as we humans depend n s many species fr ur survival, we wuld als be at risk f dying ut. Our wrld and ur lives depend n the balance in nature between animals and plants. Withut frests, we wuld have n air t breathe. And withut clean water we wuld be unable t survive.
Can a sixth extinctin be avided? Experts say that it is nt yet t late, if we take actin nw. This wuld mean we have t significantly change the way we live. Fr example, we need t take steps t save endangered species, including setting up special areas where plants! and animals can be prtected. We need t change hw we wrk and travel by using cleaner, mre natural surces f energy, such as wind and slar energy. We als need t imprve ur farming methds t reduce water, air and land pllutin, in shrt, if we want t survive. we need t stp destrying the planet that we live n and start t prtect it.
The Black Rbin
Black rbins are the birds that humans saved frm extinctin. In 1980, there were nly five black rbins left in the wrld. They all lived n a small island ff the cast f New Zealand. Only ne f thse birds, a female called Old Blue, was able t lay eggs. Wildlife wrkers began a prgramme fr raising black rbin chicks. They prtected Old Blue’s eggs, helped them t hatch, and tk care f the chicks. Thanks t their effrts, there are nw mre than 250 black rbins, and the ppulatin is spreading. T help them survive, peple are restring their habitats and remving small animals that hunt them, such as mice and cats frm the islands where they live.
rbin n.知更鸟 habitat n.栖息地
3 Read the text. Cmplete the ntes. Then talk abut the different aspects f extinctins.
entire species are wiped ut The number f extinctins that have ccurred s far: five
the third mass extinctin killed 90% t 96% f all species; the fifth event, which ccurred 66 millin years ag, caused the death f the dinsaurs
vlcanic eruptins, asterids hitting the Earth frm space, changes in sea levels, the decrease f the xygen cntent f the sea, glbal warming
change the way we live; change hw we wrk and travel by using cleaner, mre natural surces f energy; imprve ur farming methds
4 Read again. Answer the questins.
What did scientists find ut in 2015?2 Why des the writer think the sixth mass extinctin will cme?
They fund ut that human activity is causing species t die ut 1,000 times faster than nrmal.
Because human activity has negatively affected all ther species n Earth, including animals and plants.
Why des the writer believe we’ll prbably die ut if 75% f the Earth’s species die ut.4 What did peple d in the case study t prtect black rbins? Which claim(s) did the case study supprt in the text?
Because we humans depend n s many species fr ur survival and ur wrld and ur lives depend n the balance in nature between animals and plants.
Peple prtected Old Blue’s eggs, helped them t hatch, and tk care f the chicks. Peple are restring their habitats and remving small animals that hunt them like mice and cats frm the islands where they live, The case study shwed that even in desperate situatins, we can d smething t help, In shrt, it’s never t late.
5 Grup Wrk Think and share.
1 Use different clured pens t highlight at least ne example fr each f the fur elements listed belw. Then find ut: (1) What typical language is used? (2) What text type is this piece f writing? (3) What is its cmmunicative purpse?
facts pinins / predictinsreasnsslutins
facts: ver 90 percent f all species that ever lived are nw extinct; the “Great Dying”, which killed 90% t 96% f all species; human activity is causing species t die ut 1,000 times faster than nrmal
reasns: air and water pllutin, frests being destryed, factry farming and verfishing; Withut frests, we wuld have n air t breathe, and withut clean water we wuld be unable t survive.
pinins/predictins: many scientists say we are nw entering the Farth’s sixth mass extinctin; scientists believe that up t three quarters f all species n Earth culd die ut
slutins: we need t take steps t save endangered species, including setting up special areas where plants and animals can be prtected; We need t change hw we wrk and travel...; We als need t imprve ur farming methds...
(2)This piece f writing is an expsitin.(3)Its cmmunicative purpse is t explain what the sixth extinctin is and its effects and call n peple t take actin t prevent it frm happening.
2 What ways f argument des the writer use t cnvince readers? Are yu cnvinced? Why r why nt?
The writer uses ways such as citing ideas frm experts r authrities, giving examples and using data.
6 Use the adjectives and nuns t make meaningful expressins.Then use each expressin t make a sentence.
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
entire species;endangered animals;significant change;natural resurces;mass extinctin;slar energy
7 Cmplete the paragraph abut extinctins using the crrect frm f the phrases belw.
In the last 500 millin years, there have been five mass extinctin events n Earth. In the third event, which 1__________ the “Great Dying”, 90% t 96% f all species 2 ________. Of curse, species died ut due t many causes. But nwadays, human activity 3___________ all types f species that we 4________ fr living. We need t 5 ________ t avid the sixth mass extinctin. We shuld 6 ________ t save endangered animals and plants, and 7 ________ special areas t 8 __________ them befre the next extinctin cmes that may 9 ________ the entire species.
has affected
take steps
take care f
FOCUS ON LANGUAGE: RELATIVE CLAUSES (4)- DEFINING AND NON-DEFINING CLAUSES
8 Read the sentences and discuss which wrd(s) the clauses (in italics) refer t.
1 Extinctins, where entire species are wiped ut, are nt unusual in ur Earth’s histry.2 These include the third mass extinctin, knwn as the “Great Dying”, which killed 90% t 96% f all species.3 A 2015 study by scientists wh were based at Brwn University and Duke University in the US, lked at hw quickly species die ut due t natural causes …
4 If a sixth mass extinctin ccurs, scientists wh have studied the issue believe that un t three quarters f all species n Earth culd die ut.5 We need t take steps t save endangered species, including setting up special areas where plants and animals can be prtected.Which f the clauses abve:(1)give infrmatin t identify the persns / biects.(_________)(2)give extra infrmatin abut a persn r a thing, which can be left ut. (_________)
9 Underline the relative clauses in the sentences and decide if they are defining (D) r nn-defining (ND). Translate them int Chinese. Discuss the difference in meaning between the tw types f relative clauses.
( )1 He went t a city where irn was prduced in huge quantities.( )2 The bus which was full f turists stpped near the Leaning Twer f Pisa.( )3 Melissa lent me sme mney, which was very generus f her.( )4 The grund is cvered with snw and ice, which makes driving very dangerus.( )5 l met the famus prfessr in the htel, where the meeting was held.
EXPRESS YOURSELF
10 Grup Wrk Chse tw r three envirnmental prblems that are caused by human activity. Offer slutins. Try t use relative clauses where apprpriate.
1 Hw many d yu knw abut extinctin? Chse the ptin based n yur knwledge.
ACTIVATE AND SHARE
1 Hw many times up t tday has life n Earth almst died ut? a Once. b Five times. c Mre than 10 times.2 Abut what percent f all species n Earth became extinct during the mass extinctin knwn as the “Great Dying”? a Less than 10%. b Nearly 50%. c Mre than 90%.3 What d scientists think will cause the next mass extinctin? a Human activity. b Natural causes. c Unknwn reasns.
READ AND EXPLORE
2 Read a text abut extinctin. Then check yur answers in Activity 1.
Extinctins, where entire species are wiped ut, are nt unusual in ur Earth’s histry, In fact, ver 90 percent f all species that ever lived are nw extinct. In the last 500 millin years, there have been five times when life n Earth has almst ended. These include the third mass extinctin, knwn as the “Great Dying”, which killed 90% t 96% f all species. And the fifth event, which ccurred 66 millin years ag, caused the death f the dinsaurs.
The reasns fr extinctins are varied, Accrding t scientists, they include vlcanic eruptins, asterids hitting the Earth frm space, changes in sea levels, the decrease f the xygen cntent f the sea and glbal warming. Many scientists say we are nw entering the Earth’s sixth mass extinctin. This time, human activity will be t blame.
Althugh it is nt unusual fr species t die ut naturally, the rate at which this is nw happening is cause fr cncern. A 2015 study by scientists wh were based at Brwn University and Duke University in the US, lked at hw quickly species die ut due t natural causes, that is, the “backgrund extinctin rate”.
They fund that human activity is causing species t die ut 1,000 times faster than nrmal. There is a lng list f reasns why s many species are dying ut: air and water pllutin frests being destryed, factry farming and verfishing. It is clear that human activity has negatively affected all ther species n Earth, including animals and plants.
If a sixth mass extinctin ccurs, scientists wh have studied the issue believe that up t three quarters f all species n Earth culd die ut. Of curse, as we humans depend n s many species fr ur survival, we wuld als be at risk f dying ut. Our wrld and ur lives depend n the balance in nature between animals and plants. Withut frests, we wuld have n air t breathe. And withut clean water we wuld be unable t survive.
Can a sixth extinctin be avided? Experts say that it is nt yet t late, if we take actin nw. This wuld mean we have t significantly change the way we live. Fr example, we need t take steps t save endangered species, including setting up special areas where plants! and animals can be prtected. We need t change hw we wrk and travel by using cleaner, mre natural surces f energy, such as wind and slar energy. We als need t imprve ur farming methds t reduce water, air and land pllutin, in shrt, if we want t survive. we need t stp destrying the planet that we live n and start t prtect it.
The Black Rbin
Black rbins are the birds that humans saved frm extinctin. In 1980, there were nly five black rbins left in the wrld. They all lived n a small island ff the cast f New Zealand. Only ne f thse birds, a female called Old Blue, was able t lay eggs. Wildlife wrkers began a prgramme fr raising black rbin chicks. They prtected Old Blue’s eggs, helped them t hatch, and tk care f the chicks. Thanks t their effrts, there are nw mre than 250 black rbins, and the ppulatin is spreading. T help them survive, peple are restring their habitats and remving small animals that hunt them, such as mice and cats frm the islands where they live.
rbin n.知更鸟 habitat n.栖息地
3 Read the text. Cmplete the ntes. Then talk abut the different aspects f extinctins.
entire species are wiped ut The number f extinctins that have ccurred s far: five
the third mass extinctin killed 90% t 96% f all species; the fifth event, which ccurred 66 millin years ag, caused the death f the dinsaurs
vlcanic eruptins, asterids hitting the Earth frm space, changes in sea levels, the decrease f the xygen cntent f the sea, glbal warming
change the way we live; change hw we wrk and travel by using cleaner, mre natural surces f energy; imprve ur farming methds
4 Read again. Answer the questins.
What did scientists find ut in 2015?2 Why des the writer think the sixth mass extinctin will cme?
They fund ut that human activity is causing species t die ut 1,000 times faster than nrmal.
Because human activity has negatively affected all ther species n Earth, including animals and plants.
Why des the writer believe we’ll prbably die ut if 75% f the Earth’s species die ut.4 What did peple d in the case study t prtect black rbins? Which claim(s) did the case study supprt in the text?
Because we humans depend n s many species fr ur survival and ur wrld and ur lives depend n the balance in nature between animals and plants.
Peple prtected Old Blue’s eggs, helped them t hatch, and tk care f the chicks. Peple are restring their habitats and remving small animals that hunt them like mice and cats frm the islands where they live, The case study shwed that even in desperate situatins, we can d smething t help, In shrt, it’s never t late.
5 Grup Wrk Think and share.
1 Use different clured pens t highlight at least ne example fr each f the fur elements listed belw. Then find ut: (1) What typical language is used? (2) What text type is this piece f writing? (3) What is its cmmunicative purpse?
facts pinins / predictinsreasnsslutins
facts: ver 90 percent f all species that ever lived are nw extinct; the “Great Dying”, which killed 90% t 96% f all species; human activity is causing species t die ut 1,000 times faster than nrmal
reasns: air and water pllutin, frests being destryed, factry farming and verfishing; Withut frests, we wuld have n air t breathe, and withut clean water we wuld be unable t survive.
pinins/predictins: many scientists say we are nw entering the Farth’s sixth mass extinctin; scientists believe that up t three quarters f all species n Earth culd die ut
slutins: we need t take steps t save endangered species, including setting up special areas where plants and animals can be prtected; We need t change hw we wrk and travel...; We als need t imprve ur farming methds...
(2)This piece f writing is an expsitin.(3)Its cmmunicative purpse is t explain what the sixth extinctin is and its effects and call n peple t take actin t prevent it frm happening.
2 What ways f argument des the writer use t cnvince readers? Are yu cnvinced? Why r why nt?
The writer uses ways such as citing ideas frm experts r authrities, giving examples and using data.
6 Use the adjectives and nuns t make meaningful expressins.Then use each expressin t make a sentence.
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
entire species;endangered animals;significant change;natural resurces;mass extinctin;slar energy
7 Cmplete the paragraph abut extinctins using the crrect frm f the phrases belw.
In the last 500 millin years, there have been five mass extinctin events n Earth. In the third event, which 1__________ the “Great Dying”, 90% t 96% f all species 2 ________. Of curse, species died ut due t many causes. But nwadays, human activity 3___________ all types f species that we 4________ fr living. We need t 5 ________ t avid the sixth mass extinctin. We shuld 6 ________ t save endangered animals and plants, and 7 ________ special areas t 8 __________ them befre the next extinctin cmes that may 9 ________ the entire species.
has affected
take steps
take care f
FOCUS ON LANGUAGE: RELATIVE CLAUSES (4)- DEFINING AND NON-DEFINING CLAUSES
8 Read the sentences and discuss which wrd(s) the clauses (in italics) refer t.
1 Extinctins, where entire species are wiped ut, are nt unusual in ur Earth’s histry.2 These include the third mass extinctin, knwn as the “Great Dying”, which killed 90% t 96% f all species.3 A 2015 study by scientists wh were based at Brwn University and Duke University in the US, lked at hw quickly species die ut due t natural causes …
4 If a sixth mass extinctin ccurs, scientists wh have studied the issue believe that un t three quarters f all species n Earth culd die ut.5 We need t take steps t save endangered species, including setting up special areas where plants and animals can be prtected.Which f the clauses abve:(1)give infrmatin t identify the persns / biects.(_________)(2)give extra infrmatin abut a persn r a thing, which can be left ut. (_________)
9 Underline the relative clauses in the sentences and decide if they are defining (D) r nn-defining (ND). Translate them int Chinese. Discuss the difference in meaning between the tw types f relative clauses.
( )1 He went t a city where irn was prduced in huge quantities.( )2 The bus which was full f turists stpped near the Leaning Twer f Pisa.( )3 Melissa lent me sme mney, which was very generus f her.( )4 The grund is cvered with snw and ice, which makes driving very dangerus.( )5 l met the famus prfessr in the htel, where the meeting was held.
EXPRESS YOURSELF
10 Grup Wrk Chse tw r three envirnmental prblems that are caused by human activity. Offer slutins. Try t use relative clauses where apprpriate.
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