2023-2024学年八年级英语下学期期末考试03（南京卷）

这是一份2023-2024学年八年级英语下学期期末考试03（南京卷），共24页。试卷主要包含了全卷满分90分等内容，欢迎下载使用。
注意事项：
1.全卷满分90分。考试时间为90分钟。试题包含选择题和非选择题。考生答题全部答在答题卡上, 答在本试卷上无效。
2.请认真核对监考教师在答题卡上所粘贴条形码的姓名、考试证号是否与本人相符合,再将 自己的姓名、考试证号用0. 5毫米黑色墨水签字笔填写在答题卡及本试卷上。
3.答选择题必须用2B铅笔将答题卡上对应的答案标号涂黑。如需改动,请用橡皮擦干净后, 再选涂其他答案。答非选择题必须用0. 5毫米黑色墨水签字笔写在答题卡的指定位置,在其他位置答题一律无效。
选择题（共40分）
一、单项填空（共15小题;每小题1分,满分15分）
请认真阅读下列各题,从题中所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中,选出最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。1．Shenazhu-18 flew int space ________ the evening f April 25th, 2024.
A．inB．nC．atD．t
2．Paris 2024 Olympic Games __________ frm July 26th t August 11th.
A．heldB．was heldC．will hldD．will be held
3．AI will surely play an imprtant rle in ur future lives. But it ________ be used in a prper way.
A．canB．willC．needD．must
4．Lenard, famus as an artist, als succeeded in many ther different fields, ________ Bilgy and Gegraphy.
A．includeB．includedC．includingD．t include
5．She was ill last week. But she is ________ t g t schl tday.
A．well enughB．enugh wellC．gd enughD．enugh gd
6．—Culd yu manage, if yu dn’t mind, ________ the wrk n time?
—N wrries, I’m wrking n it.
A．finishB．finishedC．finishingD．t finish
7．—The cars made in Germany are mre expensive than ________ made in Japan.
—Yes, yu are right. But German cars seem safer.
A．itB．nesC．thatD．thse
8．We are ging ut fr a picnic tmrrw. I’ll call Simn t make sure ________ t meet.
A．whyB．whatC．whenD．which
9．The restaurant in Deji Plaza ________ fr tw mnths, but I ________ there s far.
A．has pened; haven’t gneB．has been pen; haven’t been
C．has been pened; haven’t beenD．has been pen; haven’t been t
10．—Can yu tell me hw t save water?
—Of curse. Fr example, cllect rain water r ________ the water t d sme cleaning after ________ yur face.
A．reuse; washB．reuse; washingC．reusing; washD．reusing; washing
11．Attentin! Please! Withut permissin, children ________ in the lake.
A．dn’t allw t swimB．dn’t allw swimming
C．are nt allwed t swimD．are nt allwed t swimming
12．—Let’s g t the z this weekend.
—Dad, yu said s last week and the week befre. ________.
A．N pain, n gainB．Practice makes perfect
C．It never rains but pursD．Actins speak luder than wrds
13．There is a ________ in the sentence “Other natural resurces like cal, il and natural gas dig up frm the grund.”
A．missing wrdB．spelling mistakeC．wrd usage mistakeD．grammatical mistake
14．If yu want t describe the inside f the schl library, yu’d better rganize the ideas in ________.
A．space rderB．time rderC．general t specificD．specific t general
15．—It shuldn’t take lng t clear up if we all vlunteer t help.
—________. Many hands make light wrk.
A．I’m nt sureB．I’m afraid ntC．Of curse ntD．I can’t agree mre
二、完形填空（共10小题；毎小题1分,满分10分）
请认真阅读下面短文,从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中,选出最佳选项。
Cars make ur lives much easier. But they can als be a prblem, 16 fssil fuel (化石燃料) cars. They have becme a main 17 f air pllutin.
T imprve the envirnment, many cuntries are 18 electric vehicles (EVs, 电动车). Amng them is China. China has became the wrld’s largest EV market, accrding t the Wall Street Jurnal. In 2021 19 in China, mre than twice as many as the number sld in the United States, Chinese drivers are already big 20 f EVs. Chinese aut cmpanies, including BYD and BAIC, have been amng the tp in the wrld in EV sales.
“Charging (充电) an electric car is 21 than filling up a fssil fuel car with gas,” said Wu Ha, wh bught an electric car frm BAIC this year. 22 , there are still sme prblems. It can be hard t find charging 23 . The cars can’t g far 24 needing t be charged again.
Sme f these prblems are being slved. Nw China has the wrld’s largest EV charging netwrk. There are mre than 2.6 millin charging statins in ttal.
Develping EVs is ne f the actins China has taken t prtect the 25 . “As China ges, s Will the wrld’s aut industry (产业),” the Wall Street Jurnal said.
16．A．especiallyB．exactlyC．finallyD．really
17．A．excuseB．causeC．matterD．event
18．A．designingB．describingC．develpingD．depending
19．A．bughtB．madeC．prducedD．sld
20．A．fansB．heresC．membersD．engineers
21．A．cheaperB．fasterC．greaterD．easier
22．A．AnywayB．MreverC．InsteadD．Hwever
23．A．cmpaniesB．statinsC．factriesD．peple
24．A．whenB．tillC．befreD．as
25．A．wildlifeB．natureC．humansD．envirnment
三、阅读理解（共15小题;每小题1分, 满分15分）
请认真阅读下列材料, 从材料后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中, 选出最佳选项, 并在答 题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
26．Which sprt is nt included in this year’s marathn matches?
A．Full MarathnB．Half marathnC．Fun runningD．First-aid runner
27．Hw much d they need t pay in ttal if Lucy and Lily take part in half marathn and fun running separately?
A．￥210B．￥230C．￥260D．￥245
28．Which part f a magazine is the passage prbably frm?
A．CkingB．SprtsC．MusicD．Science
B
After a whle week f rain, we finally had a cmfrtable, beautiful summer day utside. My family and I were driving t a nearby twn when my daughter fund a yard sale. We saw ld tys and a cuple f guitars. We saw huge piles f clthes and even a piece f furniture r tw fr sale. Best f all, we saw lts f smiling peple talking, laughing, sitting and standing in the sunshine.
Seeing all f this brught back memries f my childhd. Mst f my clthes back then came frm yard sales. My mm was a talented yard sale shpper. I used t hate ging t them until ne special day when I saw that they als sld ld bks there. After that, I always brwsed the bks until it was time t g and smetimes my mm wuld buy me ne t. Sn a large part f my hme library came frm yard sale bks. T me, they were mre priceless than new nes.
Why d we have yard sales? We get rid f ur ld things and we buy “new” ld things. But it certainly isn’t fr the mney. It’s that yard sales bring us tgether. We talk and catch up with ld friends and new neighbrs. We cnnect with kindness and ur lve fr all the ld stuff (物品).
I think yard sales teach us smething abut life t. We can’t really wn anything here, after all. All we get is t have the stuff fr a perid f time. Then it is time t let it g and pass it n.
29．What made the writer start enjying yard sales?
A．She fund ld bks there.B．Her mm liked yard sales.
C．She fund her talents there.D．She saw smiling peple there.
30．Why did the writer use “new” in Paragraph 3?
A．T shw the stuff culd draw peple’s attentin.
B．T shw the excitement f finding special stuff.
C．T shw that the stuff was nt actually new.
D．T prve that the stuff was valuable r special.
31．Accrding t the writer, what is the main reasn why peple have yard sales?
A．T make mney.B．T get rid f ld things.
C．T find valuable stuff.D．T cnnect with thers.
C
During wrk hurs, amng the sunds f machines, the kitchen f Bach’s Bakery (面包房) is especially tidy and quiet, nt because f any rules against talking during wrk hurs, but because all f the wrkers have a hearing disability. They are hard-wrking and prfessinal in their wrk, and use sigh language t cmmunicate with each ther frm time t time.
Bach’s Bakery lies in Changsha City, Hunan Prvince. It is run by a German cuple, Uwe Brutzer and his wife Drthee Brutzer, wh started it up ten years ag with the purpse f prviding mre jbs fr thse disabled in the neighbrhd. S far, Bach’s Bakery has trained arund 30 hearing-disabled peple. While sme skilled wrkers fund jbs in ther bakeries and htels and have been able t live n their wn, several f them have stayed t wrk at the bakery after they cmpleted the training.
The Brutzers’ wrk has wn the supprt f many peple in China. With the spread f news abut the bakery, many Internet users learned abut Bach’s Bakery and its inspiring (鼓舞人心的) stry. As a result, many lcal peple in Changsha as well as visitrs frm ther parts f the cuntry cme t buy their prducts. Uwe said that public attentin has encuraged (鼓励) them a lt and helped grw the bakery’s business, resulting in wrkers getting higher pay. Hwever, what he values (珍惜) mre is that, thrugh media (媒体) reprts, mre peple have cme t understand that disabled peple can wrk as well as ther peple when they are given chances.
Nw, as they are preparing t return t Germany, they have fund a German cuple teaching in China as the new managers, and handed ver the bakery t a public welfare (福利) rganizatin. Their wish is t cntinue prviding free training fr the hearing-disabled and that the bakery will never be changed int a shp with mneymaking as its main gal.
32．The wrkers in Bach’s Bakery use sign language because ______.
A．machines make t much nise
B．their bss desn’t allw them t talk
C．they can’t cmmunicate in spken wrds
D．heavy wrk keeps them t busy t speak
33．What can be inferred frm Paragraph 2?
A．Bach’s Bakery has mre than 30 wrkers nw.
B．Bach’s Bakery helps its wrkers live independently.
C．Bach’s Bakery als ffers jbs t peple utside Hunan.
D．Bach’s Bakery requires its wrkers nt t leave after training.
34．In Uwe’s pinin, the greatest value f public attentin is that ______.
A．disabled wrkers are paid mreB．his shp becmes mre ppular
C．the disabled are better understdD．sales f their prducts get strnger
35．What’s the best title fr the passage?
A．A Silent BakeryB．A Special Wish
C．The Success f the DisabledD．The Rules f Bach’s Bakery
D
①Imagine this: when yu sit dwn and begin t eat a tasty tmat, suddenly it starts t cry! This thing will never really happen, but a new study shws that plants can make sunds when they are stressed.
②Researchers frm Tel Aviv University in Israel did the study. They used ultrasnic micrphnes (超声波麦克风) t recrd the sunds f tmat plants in bxes.
③Three grups f plants were listened t: One grup wasn’t watered fr five days, anther grup had the stems (茎) cut ff, and the third grup was untuched. It turned ut that the first tw grups made sunds 30 t 50 times per hur, while the untuched grup nly made the sund nce per hur. “When tmates are nt stressed at all, they are very quiet,” Hadany frm the team tld CNN.
④The researchers didn’t knw hw the sunds were made, but they believed the nise came frm the breaking f air bubbles (泡) in the plants. This meant the nise prduced by the plants was nt n purpse.
⑤Animals and insects may benefit (受益) frm the sund. Fr example, the sund can tell a butterfly that the plant is under stress and nt a prper place t lay eggs n. An animal that wants t eat a plant culd als use the sunds t decide what t d, accrding t Science Fcus.
⑥After the experiment, the researchers listened t ther plants such as rice, crn and grapes, and fund they als made mre sunds when stressed. Researchers said the study can help farmers in the future, as they can better take care f farm by “hearing” hw plants feel.
36．Accrding t the experiment, we knw that _______.
A．the plants prduced the nise n purpse
B．the plants which had the stems cut ff were very quiet
C．air bubbles in the plants brke and made the nise
D．the untuched grup made mre sunds than the ther tw grups
37．Hw can animals and insects benefit frm the sund f plants?
A．T cmmunicate by themselves.B．T break the air bubbles.
C．T listen t ther plants.D．T make right decisins.
38．The study may help farmers t _______ in the future.
A．imprve the grwth f plantsB．prtect the envirnment
C．tell the weatherD．decide what t plant
39．Which f the fllwing is the structure f the passage?
A．①|②③④|⑤⑥B．①②|③④⑤|⑥
C．①②|③④|⑤⑥D．①②③|④⑤|⑥
40．What’s the main idea f the passage?
A．Plants that make sunds are tasty.B．Plants can shw feelings by sunds.
C．Researchers listen t plants.D．Animals benefit frm the sunds.
非选择题（共50分）
四、填空（共15小题;每小题1分,满分15分）
A）请根据括号中所给的汉语写出单词,使句子意思完整正确,并将答案填写在答题卡相应横线上。
41．Max didn’t want t (冒险) lsing his jb because he had a large family t feed.
42．It’s my duty t (培训) mre dctrs t help cure peple with eye illnesses.
43．David has the bad (习惯) f reading bks during the meals.
44．Ya Ming was nt (认真的) abut playing basketball until he was 12 years ld.
45．UNICEF als wrks t prevent the (扩散) f sme serius diseases, like AIDS, amng yung peple.
B）请根据句子意思,用括号中所给单词的适当形式填空,并将答案填写在答题卡相应横线上。
46．It’s wrng t leave the tap (run) after yu wash yur hands.
47．As a dctr, we can’t affrd (make) any mistakes while ding an peratin.
48．Smking is (harm) t health, s it’s wise f peple t give it up.
49．The Wandering Earth Ⅱ, a wnderful mvie, is abut hw peple frm all ver the wrld wrk (clse) t prtect ur earth.
50．The First Emperr f Qin is ne f the greatest (rule) in Chinese histry.
C）请认真阅读下面短文，从方框中选择适当的单词或短语，将其正确形式填入答题卡标有题号的横线上。每个单词或短语仅用一次。
Twelve-year-ld Amach Reed, frm Queensland, wn the Kids News Shrt Stry cmpetitin fr her stry A New Beginning last year. In the stry, Amach tld us hw refugees (难民) 51 their lives fr a better life in Australia. “When I saw sme reprts abut refugees, I thught f the difficulty they must have gne thrugh. Then I thught it might be a gd 52 fr a stry.” said Amach.
T write a gd stry, Amach first did sme research. She read sme bks abut their lives and went n the Internet fr mre infrmatin. Then she tried t “put 53 in smene else’s shes”. Last, she let her ideas pur nt the page. She thinks if everyne 54 t the refugees, the wrld will be a better place.
Amach lves writing because she can express any ideas, feelings r thughts thrugh wrds. She feels excited when she starts a new stry. When she finishes ne, she feels 55 than befre. Amach thinks everyne shuld have a g at writing because everyne has a stry t tell.
五、阅读填空（共20小题;每小题1分, 满分20分）
A）请认真阅读下面短文,并根据所读内容在文章后表格中小题的空格里填入一个最恰当的单词。
注意:每个空格只填1个单词。请将答案填写在答题卡相应横线上。
D students ften play sprts? We can usually get psitive answers. But why shuld students play sprts? Sme think that students play sprts in rder t have gd health. Others think it’s a gd way t help students have fun. But is that enugh? N! If students play sprts, they can get mre than healthy bdies. Why? Here are three mre reasns.
The gd news fr the students wh play sprts is that it can be helpful in schl. Sme peple think that ding exercise will take up students’ study time. But a recent study has shwn that students wh play sprts get better scres in schl than thse wh dn’t. Exercise gets students t learn, remember things better and have better fcus (注意力).
Students wh play sprts ften wrk tgether well and can slve sme prblems. When they are wrking tgether with thers t win games and reach gals, they’re learning hw t be very successful in practice. And these skills will be useful t them fr study r their wrk in the future.
Playing sprts can als imprve cnfidence. Students wh play sprts feel better abut themselves. When they knw they can imprve and reach their gals by practicing, it builds their cnfidence. And sprts can als help them cmmunicate with thers actively and make new friends.
Nw, hw abut ging ut t play sprts with yur friends every day?
B）请根据短文内容及首字母提示,填写所缺单词,并将答案填写在答题卡相应位置上。
Sanic is a yung artist. She is f 66 fr using cffee in her wrks. But r 67 , she has fund anther material t paint with—vlcanic ash (火山灰).
Sanic lives in a twn near the Taal vlcan in the w 68 part f the Philippines. On January 12, 2020, the valcan erupted (爆发), t 69 f peple were frced t leave their hmes. “I saw ash cluds in the sky fr many days. There was n sunlight, even in the daytime. My backyard was c 70 in ash.” Sanic cleaned up her yard. Suddenly, she fund that the ash and the cffee she used lked very much alike.
She began t m 71 the ash with water t create a sticky substance (物质) t wrk as waterclur paint. “I was s 72 that the ash wrked as well as the cffee did.” She then used the mixture t paint images f the damage (破坏) that the vlcan caused. Sme f her paintings were f the vlcan. O 73 were f peple and animals’ life after the disaster.
Sanic d 74 herself as a “natural waterclur painter”. This means she uses things frm n 75 t create the clurs that she paints with. “I saw peple’s pain and felt smething shuld be dne.” She has been selling her vlcanic ash paingtings and dnating the mney t help thse wh have lst their hmes.
六、书面表达（满分15分）
76．假设你叫李文，是阳光中学（Sunshine Middle Schl）的一名学生。今年暑期，你将代表你校赴瑞士参加主题为“A Green Wrld”的会议。你草拟了发言流程图，请根据下图写一篇英文发言稿。
要求：
1. 要点完整，可适当发挥，使句子通顺、连贯。
2. 语法正确，书写整洁。
3. 字数不少于80个，开头结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
Ladies and gentlemen, it’s a great hnr fr me t speak here.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Thank yu all!

Lk at the picture, it’s the annual marathn matches again. The beautiful phts we take this time is the statue f XiangYu, Grand Canal, Luma Lake, the beautiful scenery f the ancient Yellw River and the meeting f pear flwers and February rchid (二月兰).
Time and Place:
The native place f King Xiang in Suqian
March 31, 2024
Cmpetitin events: marathn, half marathn. fun running, parent-child running
Price: The entry fees fr the marathn and the half marathn are 160 yuan per persn. The entry fee fr fun running is 100 yuan per persn, f which the entry fee fr parent-child running is 230 yuan per grup.
Tips: If yu want t be a first-aid runner in the 2024 Suqian Marathn, Yu need t be healthy.
risk, she, prud, subject, give a helping hand
56 shuld students play sprts?
Cmmn reasns
T keep 57 .
T help the students have fun.
Mre reasns
Be 58 in schl
Help students get 59 scres in schl.
Make them learn, 60 things and cncentrate better.
Get teamwrk spirits and prblem-slving abilities
Learn hw t have a great 61 in practice.
Be useful fr study r their 62 wrk.
63 cnfidence
Practice t help reach their gals.
Help students have 64 with thers and make new friends.
Sme 65
Students shuld g ut t play sprts with friends every day.
介绍自己
(name; schl; age)
中国措施
Factries
New energy
我的环保方法
(lights; shwers; bags)
我的希望
自由发挥
参考答案：
1．B
【详解】句意：神舟18号于2024年4月25日晚进入太空。
考查介词辨析。in后跟年、月、季节等大的时间；n后跟具体某一天或具体某一天的上午、下午、晚上；at后跟时刻；t到。根据“the evening f April 25th, 2024.”可知，此处是具体的某一天的晚上，用介词n。故选B。
2．D
【详解】句意：2024年巴黎奥运会将于7月26日至8月11日举行。
考查动词时态和语态。“Paris 2024 Olympic Games”与“hld”之间存在被动关系，且结合“frm July 26th t August 11th.”可知，该句是一般将来时，因此设空处填一般将来时的被动语态will be dne。故选D。
3．D
【详解】句意：人工智能肯定会在我们未来的生活中扮演重要的角色。但它必须以正确的方式使用。
考查情态动词。can能够，表示能力；will将要，表示意愿；need需要；must必须，表示要求。结合句意，人工智能要用正确的方式使用，此处表示要求，用情态动词must，故选D。
4．C
【详解】句意：作为一名艺术家，列奥纳多也在许多其他领域取得了成功，包括生物学和地理学。
考查介词用法。include包括，动词；included包括在内的，一般作后置定语；including介词；t include不定式。分析句子可知，空出在句子中作状语，需用介宾结构，故应用介词。故选C。
5．A
【详解】句意：上周她生病了。但是今天他足够好能去上学。
考查形容词。well表示身体健康的；gd表示人的品行好，或事物的质地好；根据“She was ill last week.”和“t g t schl tday”可知，此处表示可以去上学了，因此身体健康，用形容词well，排除CD两项。enugh表示“足够的”，修饰形容词或副词时，位于形容词或副词的后面。故选A。
6．D
【详解】句意：——如果你不介意的话，你能按时完成这项工作吗？——别担心，我正在努力。
考查非谓语动词。“if yu dn’t mind”是插入语，此处是manage t d sth短语，意为“设法成功做某事”，故选D。
7．D
【详解】句意：——德国制造的汽车比日本制造的汽车贵。——是的，你是对的。但是德国车似乎更安全。
考查代词辨析。it指代单数名词，同物；nes指代复数名词，同名异物；that指代可数名词单数或不可数名词；thse指代可数名词复数。由“cars”可知空出指代名词复数，故选D。
8．C
【详解】句意：我们明天要出去野餐。 我会打电话给西蒙确定见面的时间。
考查宾语从句。why为什么；what什么；when何时；which哪一个。根据“I’ll call Simn t make sure … t meet”可推断，要确定见面的时间，故选C。
9．B
【详解】句意：位于德基广场的那家餐馆已经开了两个月了，但是至今我还没有去过那里。
考查现在完成时。根据“fr tw mnths”可知，第一空应用现在完成时，且表示延续性动作，故用has been pen；第二空表达“至今未去过某地”，用haven’t been t，由于“there”为副词，须去掉t，即haven’t been。故选B。
10．B
【详解】句意：——你能告诉我如何节约用水吗？——当然可以。例如，收集雨水或者洗脸之后在重复使用水来做一些清洁。
考查非谓语动词。reuse重复使用；wash洗。此处是祈使句，第一空作谓语，用动词原形；after ding sth表示“做某事之后”，故选B。
11．C
【详解】句意：请注意！未经允许，孩子们不允许在湖里游泳。
考查语态。句子主语“children”与动词allw之间是被动关系，此处用被动语态，陈述事实用一般现在时的被动，be allwed t d sth“被允许做某事”，故选C。
12．D
【详解】句意：——这个周末让我们去动物园吧。——爸爸，你上周和上上周就这么说。行动胜于空谈。
考查谚语。N pain, n gain没有付出，就没有收获；Practice makes perfect熟能生巧；It never rains but purs祸不单行；Actins speak luder than wrds事实胜于雄辩，行动胜于空谈。根据“yu said s last week and the week befre”可知，此处表示他爸爸只说不做，因此表示要让他采取行动，而不是只是口头上说说，故选D。
13．D
【详解】句意：在“其他自然资源如煤、石油和天然气是从地下挖掘出来的”这句话中有一个语法错误。
考查名词词义辨析。missing wrd缺少单词；spelling mistake拼写错误；wrd usage mistake词汇使用错误；grammatical mistake语法错误。分析句子“Other natural resurces like cal, il and natural gas dig up frm the grund”可知“煤、石油和天然气”是被挖掘出来的，应用被动语态，此句存在语法错误。故选D。
14．A
【详解】句意：如果你想描述学校图书馆的内部，你最好按照空间的顺序构思。
考查名词辨析及常识。space rder空间顺序；time rder时间顺序；general t specific一般到特殊；specific t general特殊到一般。根据“If yu want t describe the inside f the schl library, yu’d better rganize the ideas in”可知，如果想介绍某个空间的内部结构，要按照空间的顺序来介绍，故选A。
15．D
【详解】句意：——如果我们都自愿帮忙的话，很快就会打扫干净的。——我完全同意。人多好办事。
考查情景交际。I’m nt sure我不确定；I’m afraid nt恐怕不行；Of curse nt当然不可以；I can’t agree mre我完全同意。根据“Many hands make light wrk”可知，同意大家都帮忙，很快就打扫干净的说法，故选D。
16．A 17．B 18．C 19．D 20．A 21．A 22．D 23．B 24．C 25．D
【导语】本文主要介绍了电动汽车在中国的发展。
16．句意：但是它们也是一个问题，尤其是化石燃料汽车。
especially尤其，特别；exactly精确地；finally最后； really真正地。根据“But they can als be a prblem,…fssil fuel (化石燃料) cars.”，结合语境和选项可知，此处应该填入especially，副词，修饰fssil fuel (化石燃料) cars，意为“尤其，特别”。故选A。
17．句意：它们已经成为空气污染的主要原因。
excuse借口；cause原因；matter问题，事情；event事件。根据“They have becme a main…f air pllutin.”，结合语境和选项可知，此处应该指的是空气污染的主要原因，cause“原因”，名词。故选B。
18．句意：为了改善环境，许多国家正在开发电动汽车(EVs，电动车)。
designing设计；describing描写；develping发展，开发；depending依靠。根据“T imprve the envirnment, many cuntries are…electric vehicles (EVs, 电动车).”，结合语境和选项可知，此处应该表达为了改善环境，许多国家正在开发电动汽车，develp“开发”，动词。故选C。
19．句意：2021年在中国销售的数量是美国的两倍多，中国司机已经是电动汽车的忠实粉丝。
bught买；made制作；prduced生产；sld出售。根据“mre than twice as many as the number sld in the United States”，结合选项可知，此处应该指的是销量，sld“出售”。故选D。
20．句意：2021年在中国销售的数量是美国的两倍多，中国司机已经是电动汽车的忠实粉丝。
fans粉丝；heres英雄；members成员；engineers工程师。根据后文“Chinese aut cmpanies, including BYD and BAIC, have been amng the tp in the wrld in EV sales.”，结合选项可知，此处应该表达中国司机已经是电动汽车的忠实粉丝，fans“粉丝”，可数名词复数。故选A。
21．句意：今年从BAIC购买了一辆电动汽车的吴浩说：“给电动汽车充电比给化石燃料汽车加油便宜”。
cheaper更便宜的；faster更快的；greater更好的；easier更容易的。根据““Charging (充电) an electric car is…than filling up a fssil fuel car with gas”，结合语境和选项可知，此处应该填入cheaper“更便宜的”，形容词cheap的比较级。故选A。
22．句意：然而，仍然存在一些问题。
Anyway无论如何；Mrever此外；Instead而不是；Hwever然而。根据“there are still sme prblems.”和前文语境可知，此处表转折关系，结合选项可知，此处填入Hwever，转折连词，意为“然而”符合语境。故选D。
23．句意：很难找到充电站。
cmpanies公司；statins站；factries工厂；peple人们。根据“It can be hard t find charging…”，结合选项可知，此处应该指的是充电站，statin“站”，名词。故选B。
24．句意：在需要再次充电之前，汽车走不了多远。
when当……时；till直到……为止；befre在……之前；as正如，当……时。根据“The cars can’t g far…needing t be charged again.”，结合选项可知，此处应该表达在需要再次充电之前，汽车走不了多远。故选C。
25．句意：发展电动汽车是中国为保护环境采取的行动之一。
wildlife野生生物；nature自然，本性；humans人类；envirnment环境。根据前文“T imprve the envirnment, many cuntries are develping electric vehicles (EVs, 电动车).”，结合选项可知，此处应该表达发展电动汽车是中国为保护环境采取的行动之一。故选D。
26．D 27．C 28．B
【导语】本文主要介绍了马拉松的举办时间、地点、项目、价格及一些注意事项。
26．细节理解题。根据“Cmpetitin events: marathn, half marathn. fun running, parent-child running”可知有马拉松、半程马拉松，趣味跑步、亲子跑步，故选D。
27．细节理解题。根据“The entry fees fr the marathn and the half marathn are 160 yuan per persn. The entry fee fr fun running is 100 yuan per persn”可知半程马拉松的入场费为每人160元，趣味跑步的入场费是每人100元，故共需260元。故选C。
28．推理判断题。本文主要介绍了马拉松的举办时间、地点、项目、价格及一些注意事项，故文章可能出现在杂志的运动部分。故选B。
29．A 30．C 31．D
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者一家在一个晴朗的夏日开车去附近城镇时， 发现了一个庭院拍卖会。他们看到了旧玩具、吉他、大量的衣服和家具等等。这让作者回忆起了自己小时候从庭院拍卖会上买到的衣服和书籍。作者认为，庭院拍卖会不仅是为了卖掉旧物品，更是为了让人们聚在一起，交流和分享。庭院拍卖会也教会了我们一些关于生活的道理，我们不能真正拥有任何东西，我们只是在一段时间内拥有它们，然后将它们传递给别人了。
29．细节理解题。根据第二段“I used t hate ging t them until ne special day when I saw that they als sld ld bks there.”可知，从作者发现了旧书时，她就喜欢庭院旧货销售了。故选A。
30．词义猜测题。根据第三段“Why d we have yard sales? We get rid f ur ld things and we buy ‘new’ ld things.”可知，此处作者指的是这些东西其实并不新。故选C。
31．推理判断题。根据第三段“But it certainly isn’t fr the mney. It’s that yard sales bring us tgether. We talk and catch up with ld friends and new neighbrs. We cnnect with kindness and ur lve fr all the ld stuff.”可知，举行旧物拍卖，肯定不是为了钱，是旧物拍卖让大家走到了一起，大家与老朋友和新邻居聊天、叙旧；据此可以推断，人们进行庭院旧物拍卖的主要原因是为了和别人联系。故选D。
32．C 33．B 34．C 35．A
【导语】本文主要介绍了一个员工都是听力障碍者的面包房，它给这些残疾人提供了独立生活的机会。
32．细节理解题。根据“but because all f the wrkers have a hearing disability. They are hard-wrking and prfessinal in their wrk, and use sigh language t cmmunicate with each ther frm time t time.”可知，他们用手语交流，因为他们都是听力障碍者，不能用口语交流。故选C。
33．推理判断题。通读第二段内容并根据“While sme skilled wrkers fund jbs in ther bakeries and htels and have been able t live n their wn,”可推知，巴赫面包店帮助员工独立生活。故选B。
34．细节理解题。根据“Hwever, what he values (珍惜) mre is that, thrugh media (媒体) reprts, mre peple have cme t understand that disabled peple can wrk as well as ther peple when they are given chances.”可知，Uwe认为公众关注的最大价值在于残疾人得到了更好的理解。故选C。
35．最佳标题题。通读全文内容可知，本文主要介绍了一个员工都是听力障碍者的面包房，它给这些残疾人提供了独立生活的机会。故选项A“寂静的面包店”适合作为本文的标题。故选A。
36．C 37．D 38．A 39．A 40．B
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一项新的研究成果，即植物在受到压力时会发出声音。
36．细节理解题。根据第四段“The researchers didn’t knw hw the sunds were made, but they believed the nise came frm the breaking f air bubbles in the plants.”可知，植物中的气泡破裂并发出声音。故选C。
37．细节理解题。根据第五段“Animals and insects may benefit frm the sund. Fr example, the sund can tell a butterfly that the plant is under stress and nt a prper place t lay eggs n. An animal that wants t eat a plant culd als use the sunds t decide what t d, accrding t Science Fcus.”可知，动物和昆虫可以通过植物发出的声音做出正确的决定。故选D。
38．细节理解题。根据最后一段“Researchers said the study can help farmers in the future, as they can better take care f farm by ‘hearing’ hw plants feel.”可知，研究人员说这项研究可以让农民在未来受益，他们可以通过“倾听”植物的感受来更好地照顾作物，从而提高产量。故选A。
39．篇章结构题。第一段，介绍一项新的研究成果，植物在受到压力时可以发出声音；第二段至第四段，介绍研究人员的研究情况，包括研究过程和结果；第五段和第六段，介绍了这项研究成果的影响；选项A“①|②③④|⑤⑥”符合文章的结构。故选A。
40．主旨大意题。根据第一段“This thing will never really happen, but a new study shws that plants can make sunds when they are stressed.”及通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了一项新的研究成果，即植物在受到压力时会发出声音，也就是植物通过声音表达感受。故选B。
41．risk
【详解】句意：Max不想冒险丢掉工作，因为他要养活一大家人。根据汉语提示可知，“冒险”对应的英文为risk，为动词，risk ding sth.表示“冒险做某事”，want t后跟动词原形。故填risk。
42．train
【详解】句意：培训更多的医生来帮助人们治愈眼疾是我的职责。根据汉语提示可知，“培训”对应的英文是train，动词。It’s ne’s duty t d sth.是固定句型，表示“做某事是某人的职责”，故空处需动词原形。故填train。
43．habit
【详解】句意：大卫有吃饭时看书的坏习惯。结合句意和汉语提示可知，habit“习惯”，可数名词；根据“has the bad … f reading bks”可知，此处应用名词单数形式作宾语。故填habit。
44．serius
【详解】句意：姚明直到12岁才对打篮球认真。根据句子和中文提示可知，空处应填意为“认真的”形容词，serius“认真的”，在句中作表语。故填serius。
45．spread
【详解】句意：联合国儿童基金会可以帮助预防一些严重疾病在年轻人中传播，比如艾滋病。根据汉语提示可知，空处需填名词“spread”，是不可数名词。故填spread。
46．running
【详解】句意：在你洗手之后，让水龙头一直流是不对的。run与其逻辑主语the tap之间是主动关系，用现在分词running作宾语补足语。故填running。
47．t make
【详解】句意：作为医生，我们在手术中不能犯任何错误。affrd t d sth.表示“承担起做某事”，故空处用动词不定式。故填t make。
48．harmful
【详解】句意：抽烟对身体有害，所以人们放弃它是明智的。空处缺少形容词作表语，结合所给单词提示，harmful“有害的”，故填harmful。
49．clsely
【详解】句意：《流浪地球2》是一部精彩的电影，讲述了来自世界各地的人们如何紧密合作来保护我们的地球。根据“peple frm all ver the wrld prtect ur earth”可知，本空缺少副词修饰谓语动词wrk，应该用clse的副词形式。故填clsely。
50．rulers
【详解】句意：秦始皇是中国历史上最伟大的统治者之一。rule动词“统治”，由常识可知，秦始皇是历史上的统治者之一，这里表示“统治者”ruler，且符合“ne f+the+形容词最高级+名词复数”结构，表示“最……之一”，所以用复数形式rulers。故填rulers。
51．risked 52．subject 53．herself 54．gives a helping hand 55．pruder
【导语】本文讲述了儿童新闻短篇故事竞赛的冠军Amach写《新的开始》这篇文章的过程和写作感悟。
51．句意：在这个故事中，Amach告诉了我们难民是如何冒着生命危险在澳大利亚过上更好的生活的。根据“refugees (难民) lives fr a better life in Australia”和备选词汇可知，难民们为了过上更好的生活，需要冒着生命危险。risk ne’s life“冒着生命危险”，是固定搭配，结合“tld”可知，从句应用一般过去时，谓语动词用过去式。故填risked。
52．句意：然后我想这可能是一个很好的故事主题。根据“I thught it might be a a stry.”和备选词汇可知，此处指“故事的主题”，subject“主题”，a后接名词单数。故填subject。
53．句意：然后她试着“设身处地为别人着想”。此处应是put neself in smene else’s shes“设身处地为别人着想”，是固定搭配，主语是“she”，空处应填入she的反身代词herself“她自己”。故填herself。
54．句意：她认为如果每个人都向难民伸出援助之手，世界将会变得更美好。根据“if the refugees, the wrld will be a better place”和备选词汇可知，此处指“向难民伸出援助之手”，give a helping hand“给予帮助，伸出援助之手”，if引导条件状语从句，时态遵循“主将从现”，此处的从句用一般现在时，主语是“everyne”，谓语动词用三单形式。故填gives a helping hand。
55．句意：当她完成一个故事时，她感到比以前更自豪。根据“When she finishes ne, she befre.”和备选词汇可知，当完成一个故事后，她感到很骄傲。 prud“骄傲的”，结合than，空处应用prud的比较级形式pruder，作表语。故填pruder。
56．Why 57．healthy 58．helpful 59．better 60．remember 61．success 62．future 63．Imprve 64．cmmunicatin 65．advice/pinins/tips/ideas/suggestins
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，叙述了学生参加体育运动的几个原因。
56．根据第一段中“But why shuld students play sprts? ... Here are three mre reasns.”可知，本文主要叙述了学生为什么要参加体育运动的几个原因，此处应该填入why，位于句首首字母要大写。故填Why。
57．根据第一段中“Sme think that students play sprts in rder t have gd health. Others think it’s a gd way t help students have fun.”可知，学生做运动的常见原因是为了保持健康和让学生玩得开心，keep healthy“保持健康”，形容词healthy作表语。故填healthy。
58．根据二段中第“The gd news fr the students wh play sprts is that it can be helpful in schl.”可知，参加体育运动在学校会有所帮助，helpful“有帮助的”，形容词作表语。故填helpful。
59．根据第二段中“But a recent study has shwn that students wh play sprts get better scres in schl than thse wh dn’t.”可知，参加体育运动的学生在学校的成绩比不参加体育运动的学生好，所以此处应该填形容词gd的比较级better“更好的”，修饰名词scres。故填better。
60．根据第二段中“Exercise gets students t learn, remember things better and have better fcus (注意力).”可知，运动让学生更好地记住事物，remember“记住”，make sb. d sth.“让某人做某事”，应用动词原形。故填remember。
61．根据第三段中“When they are wrking tgether with thers t win games and reach gals, they’re learning hw t be very successful in practice.”可知，当他们与他人合作赢得比赛并实现目标时，他们正在学习如何在实践中取得巨大成功，have a great success“取得巨大成功”，固定短语。故填success。
62．根据第三段中“And these skills will be useful t them fr study r their wrk in the future.”可知，这些技能对他们未来的学习或工作很有用，future“未来的”，形容词作定语修饰名词wrk。故填future。
63．根据第四段中“Playing sprts can als imprve cnfidence.”可知，参加体育运动也可以提高信心，imprve“提高”，祈使句应用动词原形开头，位于句首首字母要大写。故填Imprve。
64．根据第四段中“And sprts can als help them cmmunicate with thers actively and make new friends.”可知，运动还可以帮助他们积极地与他人交流，have cmmunicatin with“与……沟通”。故填cmmunicatin。
65．根据“Students shuld g ut t play sprts with friends every day.”可知，此处应该表达一些建议、提示或者主意和想法等，advice“建议”/pinin“看法”/tip“提示”/ideas“主意”/suggestin“建议”，sme修饰可数名词复数或不可数名词。故填advice/pinins/tips/ideas/suggestins。
66．(f)amus 67．(r)ecently 68．(w)estern 69．(t)husands 70．(c)vered 71．(m)ix 72．(s)urprised 73．(O)thers 74．(d)escribes 75．(n)ature
【导语】本文讲了艺术家Sanic用火山灰作画，记录火山爆发后的景象，用艺术帮助灾民。
66．句意：她以在作品中使用咖啡而闻名。根据“”可知，考查be famus fr“因为……而出名”。故填(f)amus。
67．句意：但最近，她发现了另一种可以用来作画的材料——火山灰。根据“,”可知，此处填副词修饰整个句子；结合首字母，recently“最近”符合句意。故填(r)ecently。
68．句意：Sanic住在菲律宾西部塔尔火山附近的一个小镇上。根据“in the w... part f the Philippines”可知，此处填表方位的形容词，western“西边的”符合，故填(w)estern。
69．句意：2020年1月12日，火山爆发，数千人被迫离开家园。根据“f peple”及首字母可知，考查thusands f“数千的”。故填(t)husands。
70．句意：我的后院被灰烬覆盖着。根据“was c... in”可知，考查be cvered in“被……覆盖”。故填(c)vered。
71．句意：她开始将灰烬与水混合，制成一种粘性物质作为水彩颜料。根据“the ash with water”可知，考查mix sth. with sth.“把……和……混合起来”；began t d sth.“开始做某事”，所以此空填动词原形。故填(m)ix。
72．句意：“我很惊讶，灰烬的效果和咖啡一样好。” 根据“I was”可知，此处填形容词；根据首字母及“that the ash wrked as well as the cffee did”可知，看到灰烬的效果和咖啡一样好感到很吃惊，surprised“吃惊的”符合句意。故填(s)urprised。
73．句意：其他的则是关于灾难后人和动物的生活。根据“Sme”及首字母可知，此处表示“其他的”，thers“其他的”符合。句首单词首字母大写，故填(O)thers。
74．句意：Sanic描述她自己是一位“自然水彩画家”。根据“ herself as”及首字母可知，此处指“描述自己为”，describe“描述”符合句意；根据“This means”可知，此处时态也为一般现在时，主语“Sanic”为单数，所以动词填第三人称单数形式describes。故填(d)escribes。
75．句意：这意味着她使用来自大自然的东西来创造她绘画的颜色。根据“natural waterclur painter”可知，她使用来自自然的东西，nature“自然”符合句意。故填(n)ature。
76．例文
Ladies and gentlemen, it’s a great hnr fr me t speak here.
I’m a student frm Sunshine Middle Schl. My name is Li Wen and I’m 15 years ld. China has dne a lt t build a green sciety. Our gvernment has shut dwn a lt f high-pllutin factries and encuraged peple t use new energy frm the sun, wind and water. As a result, I start t prtect envirnment by ding small things every day. Fr example, I turn ff the lights when I leave my bedrm and I take shrter shwers. I usually take my wn bags when shpping.
If everyne des sme small things t prtect the envirnment, I believe we will have a greener wrld in the future.
Thank yu all!
【详解】[总体分析]
① 题材：本文是一篇讲稿；
② 时态：时态为“一般现在时”；
③ 提示：写作要点已给出，考生应注意不要遗漏“提示信息”中“自我介绍，中国的环保措施，我的环保方法以及我的期望”，适当添加细节，并突出写作重点。
[写作步骤]
第一步，表明写作意图。借用“女士们，先生们，我很荣幸能在这里发言。”来引出重点介绍的内容；
第二步，具体阐述写作内容。从“自我介绍，中国的环保措施和我的环保方法”重点介绍环境保护的情况；
第三步，书写结语。表达“如果每个人都做一些小事来保护环境，我相信我们未来会有一个更环保的世界。”
[亮点词汇]
① shut dwn关闭
② as a result因此
[高分句型]
① Fr example, I turn ff the lights when I leave my bedrm and I take shrter shwers.（when引导的时间状语从句）
② If everyne des sme small things t prtect the envirnment, I believe we will have a greener wrld in the future.（if引导的条件状语从句）