2024年山东省聊城市高考英语二模试卷（含详细答案解析）

这是一份2024年山东省聊城市高考英语二模试卷（含详细答案解析），共20页。试卷主要包含了阅读理解，阅读七选五，完形填空，语法填空，书面表达等内容，欢迎下载使用。

一、阅读理解：本大题共15小题，共37.5分。
A
Welcme t the fascinating wrld f bks!Whether yu are a lifelng bkwrm r are trying t develp a lve fr reading in yur little nes，the 2024 Miami Bk Fair is fr yu.
When and Where Is the Fair？
This much-lved Suth Flrida event will be held frm May 12 t 18，2024 at the MDC Wlfsn Campus Plaza in Dwntwn Miami.During this week-lng bk feast，yu will find a grup f events running frm mrning t night.
What t Expect at the Fair？
This year，the fair will feature mre than 400 celebrated authrs frm arund the wrld.There will be a rich cllectin f writers and their wrks f nnfictin，rmances，children's literature，and almst every ther type under the sun.Fr green writers，it's a place t cnnect with their favrite editrs.Fr bk lvers，it's an pprtunity t get autgraphs（亲笔签名） frm many ppular authrs and ask them sme questins.
Is the Fair Kid-Friendly？
Abslutely.Far frm a bring cultural event，this literary festival has fun parent-children interactive games and educatinal tents.Besides，little readers can nt nly explre arts and crafts，but als experience face painting and bk giveaways.
Hw Much Des the Fair Cst？
On Friday，the fair is free.On Saturday r Sunday，it is ＄10 fr adults fr ne day，r yu can get a tw-day pass fr ＄15.Kids under age 12 can attend fr free and the kids aged 13-18 are ＄5 per day.Fr peple aged 62 and ver，yu can als get tickets fr ＄5.
S mark yur calendars，head t Dwntwn Miami，and enjy yurself in the heart f the city's literary scene.
1.What can be expected at the fair？ ______
A. Dnating used bks.
B. Seeking autgraphs frm publishers.
C. Explring Dwntwn Miami.
D. Exchanging ideas with favrite editrs.
2.Hw much shuld a cuple with a ten-year-ld girl pay fr the Sunday fair？ ______
A. ＄10.B. ＄15.C. ＄20.D. ＄25.
3.What's the purpse f the text？ ______
A. T advertise fr an activity.
B. T inspire children's lve fr reading.
C. T raise mney fr charity.
D. T describe a literary scene.
B
It wasn't until I gt int cllege and tk a class n creative writing that I began t trust my wn madness.The prfessr encuraged us t clr utside the lines and trust ur abilities as a writer.We had weekly sessins where we read each ther's wrk and had t give cnstructive criticism.
On ur first assignment，I struggled with getting my ideas nt paper.I knew that kind f stry I wanted t tell，but as a reserved yung man，I was terrified f judgement frm my peers.I was afraid they wuld think my writing was t dark r really messed up.But finally，after spending hurs thinking f making the writing mre scially acceptable，I decided t write it like I felt it.
In the next critique sessin，I was shcked at the reactin frm my peers.There was sme cnstructive criticism，which really helped me imprve，but verall，they lved hw realistic and cnvincing my writing was.At the end f the class，the prfessr asked me if she culd use my assignment as a sample fr her ther classes t knw that they can trust their wn madness with their writing.
Fr the final we had a huge paper fr which we had t write n Henry V.The prfessr encuraged me t write it in the vice I had develped in the creative writing class，s I did.The cnsequence was that she called it a graduate level paper and asked t use it as anther sample.
That year I ended up winning a writing award.I als entered a writing cntest nline and ut f hundreds f entries，gt an hnrable mentin.And that was when I decided t have a sht at fictin.
4.What des the underlined phrase " clr utside the lines" mean in the first paragraph？ ______
A. Stress the wrds.B. Generate new ideas.
C. Add clr t the lines.D. Take risks.
5.What happened with the authr's first assignment？ ______
A. He messed it up.
B. He didn't knw hw t d it.
C. He felt insecure abut it.
D. He adjusted it in an acceptable way.
6.What can we knw frm paragraph 3？ ______
A. His peers thught his writing was persuasive.
B. His peers criticized his writing style.
C. The prfessr asked him t teach thers t write.
D. His writing reached graduate level.
7.What was the secret f the authr's success in writing？ ______
A. His persistence in writing.
B. Trust in his wn madness.
C. His prfessr's encuragement.
D. Cnstructive criticism frm his peers.
C
As the climate cntinues t get warmer，the glaciers（冰川） are melting and the sea levels are rising.As it affects the land，muntains are taller than befre.Hw des this happen？
Scientists studied the last ice age，which ccurred 16，000 years ag when much f Earth's Nrthern Hemisphere was cvered in ice.Althugh the ice melted lng ag，Earth's crust（地壳） is still rising and sinking in reactin t its previus ice age burden.This mvement is called glacial isstatic adjustment（冰川均衡调整）.
Scientists believe that an ice sheet abut 800 meters thick culd cause a depressin abut 275 meters deep，accrding t the Smithsnian Magazine. "As the ice sheets began t melt arund 11，700 years ag，the glaciers cleared large and heavy masses，allwing the muntains t rise up，" US gelgist Mike Kaplan tld the Clumbia Climate Schl website.
Recent studies suggest that land in sutheast Alaska is rising at a rate f abut 3 centimeters per year.Families living n the cast welcme this "new" land，accrding t The New Yrk Times.Hwever，they sn find themselves in a trap.As the land uplifts and castal areas mve away frm the sea，rivers can dry up mre easily，making it harder fr them t reach the sea.This culd result in a reductin in water resurces，affecting animals and creatures living in the rivers.Researchers are cncerned that this may make a challenge t fishermen，as raising fish in these areas culd becme mre difficult.
While the depressin f Earth's crust springs back slwly，nce-uplifted areas are sinking.Fr example，a 2015 study suggests that the Chesapeake Bay n the eastern cast f the US culd sink mre than 15 centimeters by 2100.This sinking trend als suggests that these areas may experience mre significant impacts frm a rise in sea levels.
8.What can we learn abut glacial isstatic adjustment？ ______
A. It mainly happened during the last ice age.
B. It causes the ice sheets t melt.
C. It becmes a burden f the earth.
D. It affects the land's height abve sea level.
9.Hw d the lcal peple prbably feel accrding t paragraph 4？ ______
A. Cncerned.B. Surprised.C. Annyed.D. Puzzled.
10.What challenge might the Chesapeake Bay face in the future？ ______
A. Mre serius sea pllutin.B. Lwer sea level.
C. Increased castal flding.D. Rapid land uplift.
11.Which f the fllwing is a suitable title fr the text？ ______
A. Climate Change Is Causing Higher Sea Level
B. Melting Glaciers Are Making Muntains Taller
C. Glbal Warming Is Affecting Ecsystem
D. Glacial Melting Is Picking Up Speed
D
Fur-legged rbts like Bstn Dynamics' Spt and Cheetah we almst all their quickness t fancy ftwrk.In bilgy，hwever，a fur-legged animal's mvement，flexibility，and cmplex mtr functins cme almst entirely frm its spine（脊柱）.If artificial spines culd be put int such designs，engineers culd find entirely new appraches t accurate mbility.
Nw，engineers are reprtedly a few steps further twards spine-centric，fur-legged bts thanks t a research team's rat-inspired rbt.NeRm is a bimimetic and fur-legged rbt that depends n an innvative mtr-tendn（运动肌腱的） structure t mve arund envirnments.
As far as lks g，NeRm mirrrs a muse's bne system.The rbt's slid frnt half huses its electrnics systems，while its latter half functins much as an actual flexible spine wuld.Artificial tendns passing thrugh the spine as well as the rbt's arm and knee jints allw NeRm even mre muselike mvements alngside quicker turning times.NeRm's tendn system prevented the need fr any muscle while still allwing fr smth bending capabilities，，and up-and-dwn.
T test their new design，the team ran NeRm thrugh a series f fur experiments t demnstrate balancing，straight-line walking，quick turning，and maze navigatin.Each trial included tw runds —ne with the spinal system engaged，and the ther with it disabled.Acrss the bard，NeRm perfrmed the tasks better，faster，and mre accurately when it cmbined the spine with its mvements.Maze navigatin，hwever，was NeRm's true shining mment.With its spine engaged，the muse-bt cmpleted its maze runs much faster than simply wandering thrugh withut spinal supprt.
Althugh still in its early stages，researchers believe further design invlving the spinal systems in future fur-legged rbts culd vastly imprve their functinality.If NeRm wasn't prf enugh，think f it this way —MIT's Cheetah can run 13 feet per secnd with just ne jint cpying the bending f the spine frward and backward.NeRm，meanwhile，has eight jints.
12.What is the limitatin f Bstn Dynamics' Spt and Cheetah？ ______
A. Having an unattractive appearance.
B. Referring t few bilgical bases.
C. Having a strict range f applicatins.
D. Lacking spine-based mving accuracy.
13.Which f the fllwing makes NeRm mve mre like mice？ ______
A. The tendn system.B. The bne system.
C. The muscle system.D. The knee jint.
14.What did the fur testing experiments find？ ______
A. NeRm had a great sense f directin.
B. The spinal system bettered NeRm's mvement.
C. NeRm withut an artificial spine lst cntrl easily.
D. Artificial spines gave hpe t disabled animals.
15.What can be inferred frm the last paragraph？ ______
A. Putting NeRm int use has difficulties in practice.
B. Reducing the number f jints in rbts is necessary.
C. Applying spinal systems t rbts has a prmising utlk.
D. Creating mre fur-legged rbts is a matter f time.
二、阅读七选五：本大题共5小题，共12.5分。
The heat and humidity in summer can make even the mst dedicated runners want t stay inside.Here are sme tips which can help yu remain n track even when the weather is less than ideal.
First，d remember t stay hydrated when running in summer.When it's ht，yu will sweat mre and lse essential electrlytes（电解质）.T avid heat exhaustin，dizziness and ther heat-related issues，drink plenty f fluids befre，during，and after yur run. （1） ______
Anther way t make summer running easier is t get an early start.The temperature is typically cler in the mrning，and the sun will becme mre intense as the day ges n. （2） ______ Further，starting yur run early will even help yu make the mst f yur day.
（ 3） ______ Hwever，it's essential t dress apprpriately fr summer running.One tip is t chse light-clred clthing，as darker clrs absrb mre heat.Yu shuld als lk fr fabrics that are breathable and quick-drying.
When running in the summer，pay attentin t yur bdy，and take breaks as needed in case f verexertin（过度负荷） which can lead t heat strke. （4） ______ Just slw dwn yur usual pace and fcus n running fr lng，rather than trying t cver a lt f grund quickly，and yu will be able t enjy yur run while staying safe.
After a ht run，drink plenty f fluids and take a few minutes t stretch. （5） ______ By cling dwn prperly，yu'll be able t beat the heat.In additin，it helps t regulate yur bdy temperature and prevent muscle sreness.
A.Then，hp in a shwer r take a dip in the pl.
B.The heat will make it challenging t run utside.
C.This will help yu keep yur bdy functining at its best.
D.Hence，n tp f tips abve，it's imprtant t pace yurself.
E.S listen t yur bdy and take breaks if yu start feeling verheated r tired.
F.By ding it，yu can avid the heat and crwds that ften build up later in the day.
G.As the weather gets warmer，it can be tempting t put n yur shrts and tank tp fr a run.
16.A. AB. BC. CD. DE. EF. FG. G
17.A. AB. BC. CD. DE. EF. FG. G
18.A. AB. BC. CD. DE. EF. FG. G
19.A. AB. BC. CD. DE. EF. FG. G
20.A. AB. BC. CD. DE. EF. FG. G
三、完形填空：本大题共15小题，共15分。
Every Saturday we trained with the same marathn running club.I had n idea he was blind because he （1） ______ past me alngside his guide runner.It tk a few weeks befre I was （2） ______ asking him what，if anything，he culd see.I wasn't just （3） ______ by his running times.He als had a beautiful smile that lit up the rm.
We had ur first （4） ______ date climbing the famus sand dune n Pacific Cast Highway.Eight years int ur marriage，Adrian decided t learn t （5） ______ ，s he culd fulfill his dream f cmpeting in an Irnman triathln.
Adrian's first lessn was a （6） ______ ，but his cach's enthusiasm was shrt-lived.His next instructr was easy t give in and recmmended my husband （7） ______ swimming.S，being a cmpetitive swimmer in high schl，I was （8） ______ I culd teach him.
Sn I realized hw much f a （9） ______ swimming was fr my husband，even with a tether rpe.His prgress at each lessn was slw but （10） ______ .Nearly a mnth later，he tried withut the tether rpe，but （11） ______ ging in the wrng directin.Every time I raised my vice ver the raring waves he felt s （12） ______ by my instructins.
Frtunately these days we laugh because Adrian is even faster than I am.He has grwn mre （13） ______ with me when I have t raise my vice.I，（ 14） ______ ，n lnger say， "Yu went the wrng way!"，which makes him feel bad.Instead，I say， "Over here，" t which he （15） ______ ， and then swims back tward me.
21.A. jumpedB. flewC. rdeD. drve
22.A. cmfrtableB. pleasedC. awkwardD. anxius
23.A. influencedB. defeatedC. cnfusedD. impressed
24.A. easyB. fficialC. vitalD. cmplete
25.A. runB. bikeC. swimD. diet
26.A. messB. reliefC. successD. disaster
27.A. abandnB. keepC. riskD. appreciate
28.A. cnfidentB. dubtfulC. gratefulD. frtunate
29.A. benefitB. burdenC. regretD. struggle
30.A. slimB. steadyC. hardD. alarming
31.A. graduallyB. rarelyC. cautiuslyD. frequently
32.A. encuragedB. wrriedC. frustratedD. surprised
33.A. patientB. carefulC. ppularD. disappinted
34.A. in factB. in briefC. in turnD. in return
35.A. lksB. ndsC. bwsD. shuts
四、语法填空：本大题共1小题，共15分。
36.Chinese acrbatic（杂技） dates back t the Nelithic，when ancient peple develped it frm daily life fr enjyment and celebratin.The use f daily items such as tables，chairs，bwls and plates （1） ______ （be） cmmn in their perfrmances.By the time f the Han Dynasty，the art f acrbatics （2） ______ （achieve） great prgress in bth cntent and variety.There were wnderful acrbatic perfrmances （3） ______ backgrund music n the stage.During the Tang Dynasty，the number f acrbats greatly increased and their skills imprved a great deal.
（ 4） ______ （regard） as part f the natinal heritage，Chinese acrbatics features the ability （5） ______ （maintain） balance in perfrmance mvements.Fr example，（ 6） ______ experienced acrbat can walk n 3-meter-high ples while juggling 7 bwls.Acrbats can act like fish swimming （7） ______ （smth） in the water，birds flying thrugh trees and butterflies dancing amng flwers，shwcasing wnderful skills （8） ______ require years f hard training.And the perfrmances reflect humans' spirit f braving hardships and dangers while seeking （9） ______ （perfect）.
Mdern Chinese acrbatics has set up a designing and directing system.It is aimed at creating beautiful stage images and （10） ______ （harmny） effects f music，clthing，prps，and lighting t bring abut a fully develped stage art.
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
(6)
(7)
(8)
(9)
(10)
五、书面表达：本大题共2小题，共40分。
37.假定你是李华，得知你校的新西兰交换生David打算学习中国传统乐器二胡，但又担心会影响自己其他课程的学习。请给他写封邮件，内容包括：
（1）表示支持；
（2）给出建议；
（3）表达愿望。
注意：
（1）写作词数应为80左右；
（2）请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Dear David，
________
Yurs，
Li Hua
38.The man was kind f small，but t a five-year-ld，he was a giant.Cherry-scented smke frm Grandpa's pipe kept the hungry msquites at bay.Nw and again，he blew a smke ring and laughed as I tried t target the hle with my finger.
We sat side by side n the ld wden stairs that ht summer evening，watching the traffic，cunting cars and trying t guess the clr f the next ne t turn the crner.We watched the sun g dwn behind the ld Texac service statin acrss the busy street，which I was never allwed t crss unless accmpanied by an adult.
My grandfather was baby-sitting while my mther，father and grandmther went ut.While my tw baby brthers slept inside the huse，my three lder siblings played with friends arund the crner，where I was nt allwed t g.I stayed with Grandpa，and that was kay with me.
"Thirsty？" Grandpa asked，never remving the pipe frm his muth. "Yes，" was my reply. "Hw wuld yu like t run ver t the gas statin there and get yurself a bttle f Cke？" I culdn't believe my ears.On my family's mdest incme，Cke was nt a part f ur budget r diet. "Okay，" I replied shyly，already wndering hw I wuld get acrss the street.
He stretched his lng leg ut straight and reached his huge hand deep int the pcket.Opening his fist，he expsed several silver cins.He instructed me t pick ut ne.After he depsited the rest f the change back int his pcket，he std up. "Okay，" he said，helping me dwn the stairs and t the curb （马路沿儿）.
"I'm ging t stay here and keep an ear ut fr the babies.I'll tell yu when it's safe t crss.Yu g ver t the Cke machine，get yur Cke ut and cme back.Wait fr me t tell yu when it's safe t crss back." My heart punded.Excitement tk my breath away.
注意：
（1）续写词数应为150左右；
（2）请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Grandpa held my hand tightly.________
My heart punded mre wildly as I apprached the Cke machine.________
答案和解析
1~3.【答案】D、C、A
【解析】（1）细节理解题。根据•What t Expect at the Fair？部分中Fr green writers，it's a place t cnnect with their favrite editrs.（对于新手作家来说，这是一个与他们最喜欢的编辑联系的地方。）可知博览会上新手作家可以与喜欢的编辑交流思想。故选D。
（2）数字计算题。根据•Hw Much Des the Fair Cst？部分中On Saturday r Sunday，it is 10 fr an adult fr ne day，r yu can get a tw-day pass fr ＄15.Kids under age 12 can attend fr free and the kid aged 13—18 is ＄5 per day.（在周六或周日，成人一天的票价是10美元，或者你可以花15美元买一张两天的出入证。12岁以下的孩子可以免费参加，13—18岁的孩子每天5美元）可知，星期天成人票价10美元，12岁以下孩子免费，所以一对夫妇和两个12岁以下的孩子星期天参加书展只需要10+10=20美元。故选C项。
（3）目的意图题。通读全文，结合第一段Whether yu are a lifelng bkwrm r are trying t develp a lve fr reading in yur little nes，the 2024 Miami Bk Fair is fr yu.（无论你是一个终身书虫，还是想培养孩子对阅读的热爱，2024年迈阿密书展都是为你准备的）和下文对书展的介绍可知，文章的目的是为书展做广告。故选A项。
本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了2024年迈阿密书展的相关信息，包括书展的时间、地点、活动内容和门票价格等。
做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案。
4~7.【答案】B、C、A、B
【解析】（1）句意理解题。根据第一段It wasn't until I gt int cllege and tk a class n creative writing that I began t trust my wn madness.The prfessr encuraged us t clr utside the lines and trust ur abilities as a writer.We had weekly sessins where we read each ther's wrk and had t give cnstructive criticism.（直到我上了大学，上了一堂创意写作课，我才开始相信自己的疯狂。教授鼓励我们跳出界限，相信自己作为一名作家的能力。我们每周都会阅读对方的作品，并提出建设性的批评。）可知，划线句意为"产生新的想法"。A.Stress the wrds强调单词；B.Generate new ideas产生新想法；C.Add clr t the lines产生新的想法；D.Take risks冒险。故选B。
（2）细节理解题。根据第二段On ur first assignment，I struggled with getting my ideas nt paper.I knew that kind f stry I wanted t tell，but as a reserved yung man，I was terrified f judgement frm my peers.I was afraid they wuld think my writing was t dark r really messed up.（在我们的第一次任务中，我很难把我的想法写在纸上。我知道我想讲的那种故事，但作为一个矜持的年轻人，我害怕同龄人的评判。我担心他们会认为我的文章太黑或真的一团糟。）可知，作者对第一次作业感到没有把握。故选C。
（2）推理判断题。根据第三段In the next critique sessin，I was shcked at the reactin frm my peers.There was sme cnstructive criticism，which really helped me imprve，but verall，they lved hw realistic and cnvincing my writing was.（在接下来的评论环节中，我对同行们的反应感到震惊。有一些建设性的批评，这确实帮助我提高了水平，但总的来说，他们喜欢我的写作是多么的现实和令人信服。）可知，作者的同龄人认为他的文章很有说服力。故选A。
（4）推理判断题。根据第三段At the end f the class，the prfessr asked me if she culd use my assignment as a sample fr her ther classes t knw that they can trust their wn madness with their writing.（在课程结束时，教授问我，她是否可以把我的作业作为其他课程的样本，让他们知道自己的写作可以相信自己的疯狂。）可知，作者写作成功的秘诀是相信他自己的疯狂。故选B。
本文为记叙文。这段短文主要讲述了作者在大学创意写作课上，如何在教授的鼓励下开始信任自己的创意，勇于表达内心的故事。在同学们的建设性批评帮助下，他的写作得到认可并逐渐进步，最终赢得了写作奖项，这让他决定尝试创作小说。过程中，他的作品还被教授选为样本，用于激励其他学生信任自己的创作灵感。
做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案。做题时要在抓住关键句子的基础上合理的分析才能得出正确答案，切忌胡乱猜测，一定要做到有理有据。
8~11.【答案】D、A、C、B
【解析】（1）细节理解题。根据第二段中的Althugh the ice melted lng ag，Earth's crust （地壳） is still rising and sinking in reactin t its previus ice age burden.This mvement is called glacial isstatic adjustment （冰川均衡调整）.（虽然冰很久以前就融化了，但地壳仍然在上升和下降，这是对之前冰河时代的负担的反应。这种运动被称为冰川均衡调整。）可知，冰川均衡调整影响陆地的海拔高度，故选D。
（2）推理判断题。根据第四段中的Researchers are cncerned that this may make a challenge t fishermen，as raising fish in these areas culd becme mre difficult.（研究人员担心，这可能会给渔民带来挑战，因为在这些地区养鱼可能会变得更加困难。）可知，渔民养鱼可能会变得更加困难，由此推知当地人可能会感到担心，故选A。
（3）推理判断题。根据最后一段中Fr example，a 2015 study suggests that the Chesapeake Bay n the eastern cast f the US culd sink mre than 15 centimeters by 2100.This sinking trend als suggests that these areas may experience mre significant impacts frm a rise in sea levels.（例如，2015年的一项研究表明，到2100年，美国东海岸的切萨皮克湾可能会下沉15厘米以上。这种下沉趋势还表明，这些地区可能会受到海平面上升的更大影响。）可知，切萨皮克湾未来可能会下沉15厘米以上，该地区可能会受到海平面上升的更大影响，故未来可能面临沿海洪水的增加，故选C。
（4）标题归纳题。根据全文内容并结合第一段As the climate cntinues t get warmer，the glaciers （冰川） are melting and the sea levels are rising.As it affects the land，muntains are taller than befre.Hw des this happen？（随着气候持续变暖，冰川正在融化，海平面正在上升。由于它对陆地的影响，山比以前高了。这是怎么发生的？）可知，文章主要是关于冰川融化对陆地的影响，山比以前更高，B项Melting Glaciers Are Making Muntains Taller（冰川融化使山脉变得更高）概括文意，可以作为本文的最佳标题，故选B。
本文是一篇说明文，文章主要是关于冰川融化对陆地的影响，山比以前更高。
考查说明文。做题时要通读全文，把握大意，然后结合题干及选项做出正确的选择。
12~15.【答案】D、A、B、C
【解析】（1）细节理解题。根据第一段Fur-legged rbts like Bstn Dynamics' Spt and Cheetah we almst all their quickness t fancy ftwrk.（波士顿动力公司（Bstn Dynamics）的"斑点"和"猎豹"等四足机器人几乎所有的敏捷都归功于花样步法。）和最后一句If artificial spines culd be put int such designs，engineers culd find entirely new appraches t accurate mbility，（如果人工脊柱可以被放入这样的设计中，工程师们可能会找到完全新的方法来实现精确的机动性，）可知，波士顿动力公司的Spt和Cheetah缺乏脊柱移动的准确性。故选D。
（2）细节理解题。根据第二段NeRm is a bimimetic and fur-legged rbt that depends n an innvative mtr-tendn（运动肌腱的） structure t mve arund envirnments.（NeRm是一种仿生四足机器人，依靠创新的电机肌腱结构在环境中移动。）可知，肌腱系统让NeRm更像老鼠。故选A。
（3）细节理解题。根据第四段Maze navigatin，hwever，was NeRm's true shining mment.With its spine engaged，the muse-bt cmpleted its maze runs much faster than simply wandering thrugh withut spinal supprt.（然而，迷宫导航是NeRm真正大放异彩的时刻。在它的脊柱参与下，这个老鼠机器人完成迷宫的速度比没有脊柱支撑的漫游快得多。）可知，脊柱系统改善了NeRm的运动。故选B。
（4）推理判断题。根据最后一段Althugh still in its early stages，researchers believe further design invlving the spinal systems in future fur-legged rbts culd vastly imprve their functinality（尽管仍处于早期阶段，但研究人员相信，未来涉及脊柱系统的四足机器人的进一步设计可以极大地提高它们的功能。）可知，将脊柱系统应用于机器人是有前途的。故选C。
本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了受老鼠启发而设计的四足机器人NeRm，它的运动依赖于创新的马达-肌腱结构，模仿了老鼠的骨骼和脊柱系统。
一、速读全文，了解大意知主题。
阅读能力一般指阅读速度和理解能力两个方面。阅读速度是阅读最基本的能力，考生必须在十分有限的时间内运用略读、扫读、跳读等技巧快速阅读，搜寻关键词、主题句，捕捉时空、顺序、情节、人物、观点，并且理清文章脉络，把握语篇实质。
二、看题干，带着问题读文章。
首先要掌握问题的类型，客观信息题可以从文章中直接找到答案；而主观判断题考查的是对文章的感情基调等，这类题必须经过对作者的态度、意图以及对整篇文章进行深一层的推理等。其次，了解试题题干以及各个选项所包含的信息，然后有针对性地对文章进行扫读，对有关信息进行快速定位。此法加强了阅读的针对性，提高了做题的准确率。
三、逻辑推理，做好深层理解题。
在实际阅读中，有时作者并未把意图说出来，阅读者要根据字面意思，通过语篇逻辑关系，研究细节的暗示，推敲作者的态度，理解文章的寓义。要求读者对文字的表面信息进行分析、挖掘和逻辑推理，不能就事论事，以偏概全。推理题在提问中常用的词有：infer，imply，suggest，indicate等。
四、猜词悟义，扫除阅读拦路虎。
猜词是应用英语的重要能力。它不但需要准确无误地理解上下文，而且要有较大的泛读量，掌握或认识较多的课外词汇。我们要学会"顺藤摸瓜"，通过构词，语法，定义，同位，对比，因果，常识，上下文等线索确定词义。
16~20.【答案】C、F、G、D、A
【解析】（1）联系上文题。根据上文T avid heat exhaustin，dizziness and ther heat-related issues，drink plenty f fluids befre，during，and after yur run.（为了避免热衰竭、头晕和其他与热相关的问题，在跑步前、跑步中和跑步后要多喝水。）可知下文介绍这样做的好处。C项This will help yu keep yur bdy functining at its best（这将帮助你保持身体的最佳机能）符合语境。故选C。
（2）联系上文题。根据上文Anther way t make summer running easier is t get an early start.The temperature is typically cler in the mrning，and the sun will becme mre intense as the day ges n. （让夏季跑步更容易的另一个方法是尽早开始。早上的温度通常较低，随着时间的推移，阳光会变得更加强烈。）可知下文介绍早些开始跑步的优势。F项By ding it，yu can avid the heat and crwds that ften build up later in the day.（通过这样做，你可以避免一天中晚些时候经常聚集的高温和人群）符合语境。故选F。
（3）联系下文题。根据下文Hwever，it's essential t dress apprpriately fr summer running.One tip is t chse light-clred clthing，as darker clrs absrb mre heat.（不过，夏季跑步着装得体是至关重要的。一个建议是选择浅色的衣服，因为深色会吸收更多的热量。）可知上文是和跑步的穿着有关。G项As the weather gets warmer，it can be tempting t put n yur shrts and tank tp fr a run.（随着天气变暖，穿上短裤和背心跑步很有诱惑力）符合语境。故选G。
（4）联系下文题。根据下文Just slw dwn yur usual pace and fcus n running fr lng，rather than trying t cver a lt f grund quickly，and yu will be able t enjy yur run while staying safe.（只要放慢你平时的配速，专注于长距离跑步，而不是试图快速覆盖大量地面，你就能在保持安全的同时享受跑步。）可知上文介绍了调整节奏。D项Hence，n tp f tips abve，it's imprtant t pace yurself.（因此，除了以上提示之外，调整自己的节奏也很重要）符合语境。故选D。
（5）联系上文题。根据上文After a ht run，drink plenty f fluids and take a few minutes t stretch. （热跑后，多喝水，花几分钟时间伸展身体。）可知下文还是跑完步之后应该怎么做。A项Then，hp in a shwer r take a dip in the pl.（然后，冲个澡或在游泳池里泡一泡。）符合语境。故选A。
本文为说明文。文章主要介绍了夏季跑步的几个技巧。
七选五阅读是完成性阅读，和完形填空很类似，不同的是一个选词，一个选句子。解题时，要注意上下文语境，充分考虑信息词（选项中和空格前后句子中相同或相近的词），选出最符合语境的句子。
21~35.【答案】B、A、D、B、C、C、A、A、D、B、D、C、A、C、B
【解析】（1）考查动词及语境理解。A.jumped跳跃；B.flew飞；C.rde骑，乘坐；D.drve开车。句意：我不知道他是盲人，因为他和他的向导一起从我身边飞驰而过。根据上文I had n idea he was blind可知，作者没有想到他竟然是位盲人，跑步像飞一样快。故答案为B。
（2）考查形容词及语境理解。A.cmfrtable舒服的；B.pleased满意的；C.awkward尴尬的；D.anxius焦虑的。句意：过了几个星期，我才放心地问他如果能的话能看到什么。根据上文It tk a few weeks可知，过了好长时间后，作者才鼓起勇气去揭开心中的疑惑。故答案为A。
（3）考查动词及语境理解。A.influenced影响；B.defeated击败；C.cnfused困惑；D.impressed留下印象。句意：他的跑步不仅给我留下了深刻的印象。根据下文He als had a beautiful smile that lit up the rm可知，不仅他的跑步让作者印象深刻，他的乐观也让作者难忘。故答案为D。
（4）考查形容词及语境理解。A.easy容易的；B.fficial正式的；C.vital至关重要的；D.cmplete完全的。句意：我们第一次正式约会是攀登太平洋海岸公路上著名的沙丘。根据下文Eight years int ur marriage可知，那次攀登是他们的第一次正式约会。故答案为B。
（5）考查动词及语境理解。A.run跑步；B.bike骑自行车；C.swim游泳；D.diet节食。句意：阿德里安决定学游泳，这样他就可以实现参加铁人三项比赛的梦想。根据下文swimming可知是学习游泳。故答案为C。
（6）考查名词及语境理解。A.mess混乱；B.relief安慰；C.success成功；D.disaster灾难。句意：阿德里安的第一堂课非常成功，但他的教练的热情是短暂的。根据下文his cach's enthusiasm was shrt-lived可知，第一次游泳课很成功。故答案为C。
（7）考查动词及语境理解。A.abandn抛弃；B.keep保持；C.risk冒险；D.appreciate欣赏。句意：他的下一位教练很容易妥协，建议我丈夫放弃游泳。根据上文His next instructr was easy t give in可知，教练建议作者的丈夫放弃。故答案为A。
（8）考查形容词及语境理解。A.cnfident有信心的；B.dubtful怀疑的；C.grateful感激的；D.frtunate幸运的。句意：所以，作为一名高中时期的竞技游泳运动员，我有信心教他。根据上文being a cmpetitive swimmer in high schl可知，作者有信心教丈夫游泳。故答案为A。
（9）考查名词及语境理解。A.benefit益处；B.burden负担；C.regret后悔；D.struggle困难。句意：很快，我意识到游泳对我丈夫来说是多么的困难，即使是用系绳。根据下文His prgress at each lessn was slw可知，教会丈夫游泳很困难。故答案为D。
（10）考查形容词及语境理解。A.slim苗条的；B.steady稳定的；C.hard困难的；D.alarming引起恐慌的。句意：他每节课的进度都很慢，但很稳定。根据上文His prgress at each lessn was slw but可知，他的进步很是稳定。故答案为B。
（11）考查副词及语境理解。A.gradually逐渐地；B.rarely几乎不；C.cautiusly谨慎地；D.frequently频繁地。句意：将近一个月后，他试着不用系绳，但经常走错方向。根据下文ging in the wrng directin可知，他经常走错方向。故答案为D。
（12）考查形容词及语境理解。A.encuraged受鼓舞的；B.wrried担心的；C.frustrated沮丧的；D.surprised惊讶的。句意：每当我在咆哮的海浪中提高嗓门时，他都会对我的指示感到非常沮丧。根据下文which makes him feel bad可知，他会感到沮丧。故答案为C。
（13）考查形容词及语境理解。A.patient耐心的；B.careful小心的；C.ppular流行的；D.disappinted失望的。句意：当我不得不提高嗓门时，他对我更有耐心了。根据上文Frtunately these days we laugh because Adrian is even faster than I am可知，丈夫变得更有耐心。故答案为A。
（14）考查介词短语及语境理解。A.in fact事实上；B.in brief简而言之；C.in turn反过来；D.in return作为回报。句意：反过来，我不再说"你走错了路！"这会让他感觉很糟糕。根据下文Instead，I say， "Over here，" 可知，反过来，作者不再和以前一样了。故答案为C。
（15）考查动词及语境理解。A.lks看；B.nds点头；C.bws鞠躬；D.shuts大喊。句意：相反，我说，"在这里"，他点了点头，然后游回我身边。根据上文t which he可知，他会点点头。故答案为B。
这篇短文主要讲述了作者和一位盲人跑者Adrian的相遇，以及他们成为伴侣后，Adrian学习游泳准备参加铁人三项的经历。文章描述了Adrian在跑步和游泳中的坚持与进步，以及两人之间因教学而产生的温馨互动和情感变化。
完形填空考查学生综合运用语言的能力。做题时，要先通读全文，掌握大意，然后结合选项，仔细阅读文章，选择最适合语境的词，注意上下文的呼应和语境。
36.【答案】【小题1】was
【小题2】had achieved
【小题3】with
【小题4】Regarded
【小题5】t maintain
【小题6】an
【小题7】smthly
【小题8】which/that
【小题9】perfectin
【小题10】harmnius
【解析】（1）考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：在他们的表演中，餐桌、椅子、碗和盘子等日常用品的使用是常见的。描述过去的事情，所以用一般过去时态，主语为不可数名词use，所以be动词为was，故填was。
（2）考查动词时态。句意：到了汉代，杂技艺术在内容和种类上都有了很大的发展。根据时间状语By the time f the Han Dynasty，可知用过去完成时态，故填had achieved。
（3）考查介词。句意：舞台上有精彩的杂技表演和背景音乐。表示"有"，后跟名词，所以用介词with，故填with。
（4）考查过去分词。句意：作为国家遗产的一部分，中国杂技的特点是在表演动作中保持平衡的能力。regard和主语之间是被动关系，所以用过去分词作状语，句首单词首字母大写，故填Regarded。
（5）考查动词不定式。句意：作为国家遗产的一部分，中国杂技的特点是在表演动作中保持平衡的能力。ability后跟动词不定式作后置定语，故填t maintain。
（6）考查冠词。句意：例如，一个有经验的杂技演员可以在3米高的杆子上行走，同时杂耍7个碗。泛指一个，所以用不定冠词，experienced是以元音音素开头的，故填an。
（7）考查副词。句意：杂技演员可以像鱼儿在水中流畅地游动，像鸟儿在树林中飞翔，像蝴蝶在花丛中翩翩起舞，展示出需要多年刻苦训练的精彩技巧。修饰动词，所以用副词，故填smthly。
（8）考查定语从句。句意：杂技演员可以像鱼儿在水中流畅地游动，像鸟儿在树林中飞翔，像蝴蝶在花丛中翩翩起舞，展示出需要多年刻苦训练的精彩技巧。先行词为skills，在定语从句中作主语，所以用which或that引导，故填which/that。
（9）考查不可数名词。句意：表演体现了人类不畏艰难险阻，追求完美的精神。作宾语，所以用名词perfectin"完美"，为不可数名词，故填perfectin。
（10）考查形容词。句意：它旨在创造美丽的舞台形象，音乐、服装、道具、灯光的和谐效果，使舞台艺术得到充分发展。作定语修饰名词，所以用形容词，故填harmnius。
这是一篇说明文，主要讲述了中国的杂技的发展历史和特点。
做本题的关键是在理解短文的基础上，灵活运用所学的词汇和语法知识。因此，这就需要在平时的学习中，牢固掌握语言点及一些语法知识。
37.【答案】Dear David，
I'm thrilled t hear that yu're interested in learning the Erhu，a traditinal Chinese musical instrument.【高分句型一】I fully supprt yur decisin and believe it will enrich yur cultural experience.（表示支持）
T ensure it desn't affect yur ther studies，I suggest yu allcate a fixed time daily fr practicing the Erhu.【高分句型二】This way，yu can balance yur time effectively.Additinally，dn't hesitate t seek help frm yur teachers r experienced musicians.（给出建议）
I sincerely hpe yu enjy yur jurney with the Erhu and discver the beauty f Chinese traditinal music.Lking frward t hearing yu play smeday!（表达愿望）
Yurs， Li Hua
【解析】高分句型一：I'm thrilled t hear that yu're interested in learning the Erhu，a traditinal Chinese musical instrument.
翻译：我很高兴听到你有兴趣学习二胡，一种中国传统乐器。
分析：本句使用了that引导的宾语从句。
高分句型二：T ensure it desn't affect yur ther studies，I suggest yu allcate a fixed time daily fr practicing the Erhu.
翻译：为了确保它不会影响你的其他学习，我建议你每天安排一个固定的时间练习二胡。
分析：本句使用了不定式短语T ensure it desn't affect yur ther studies作目的状语。
提纲作文在写作时要注意内容是否包含了所有要点。写作时注意准确运用时态，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系，尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式，同时也要注意使用高级词汇和高级句型使文章显得更有档次，平时需注意积累短语和重要句型。
38.【答案】 Grandpa held my hand tightly.We stepped ff the curb and nt until he cnfirmed that I was safe t crss did he let g f my hand. 【高分句型一】"G fr it." Grandpa said，patting me n the shulder gently.On hearing that，I dashed ut，verwhelmed with jy.I ran faster than ever befre，my cin held tightly in my sweaty palm.The street seemed wide.I was wndering if I wuld make it when I arrived at the ther side.【高分句型二】Turning arund，I saw my Grandpa.There he was，standing exactly where I had left him，I waved t my Grandpa prudly.（描写了作者穿过马路去买可乐的过程）
My heart punded mre wildly as I apprached the Cke machine.I culdn't wait t walk directly t it and fed the cin.I had dreamed abut this mment many times.The big ld mnster greedily swallwed my cin.Reaching up n tiptes，I grabbed ne.Cke in hand，I prudly marched back.Grandpa was waiting patiently，his face spreading in a satisfied smile.Lking arund，he yelled， "Cme n，nw." I mved swiftly acrss the street and threw myself int his arms.What a thrilling experience!Years later，whenever think f my Grandpa，his lve and warmth is still like a rad t accmpany me thrugh my life.（描写了作者买了可乐穿过马路回家的过程以及作者对祖父的回忆）
【解析】文章以人物为线索。讲述了作者小时候的故事，父母外出时祖父照看5岁的作者，家里有兄弟姊妹，并不富裕，祖父给作者钱让他去买了梦寐以求的一瓶可乐的故事。
高分句型一：We stepped ff the curb and nt until he cnfirmed that I was safe t crss did he let g f my hand.
翻译：我们走下路边，直到他确认我可以安全过马路，他才放开我的手。
分析：本句运用了that引导的宾语从句，until引导的时间状语从句以及nt until放在句首引起的部分倒装。
高分句型二：I was wndering if I wuld make it when I arrived at the ther side.
翻译：当我到达另一边时，我在想我是否能做到。
分析：本句运用了if引导的宾语从句。
（1）品读原文，确定文章线索
每篇文章都有各自独特的写作思路，通过精读文章，找到该篇文章的写作线索。如是以时间为线索还是以空间为线索等这样有利于考生"顺藤摸瓜（结尾）"。
（2）仔细审题，明确续写要求
一般短文后面的"注意"都有对此次短文续写的具体要求。续写段落的首句提示，这样考生可以做到"心中有数"。
（3）回扣原文，揣摩续写思路
根据文章后面的要求，再次快速阅读短文，抓住文章的思路结合段首的提示语最终确定续写段落的思路。
（4）拟写草稿，修改错词病句
拟写时，注意句子结构的多样性，语言的丰富性，并通过句与句之间连接词的正确使用，使上下文连贯。