[英语][二模]广东省大湾区2023-2024学年高三下联考试题(解析版)

这是一份[英语][二模]广东省大湾区2023-2024学年高三下联考试题(解析版)，共21页。试卷主要包含了5分，满分37等内容，欢迎下载使用。

第一部分
略
第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分)
第一节(共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
In this issue, we ffer up a small taste f a vast and attractive culinary (烹饪的) regin—frm classic dishes and treasured institutins t pineering chefs and new directins. Here is what sme f the cntributrs want t say t yu.
Patrick Hanln
Althugh there is a lt f seaweed arund Ireland’s cast, it wasn’t always liked. Hwever, it’s nw becming increasingly ppular as a key part in traditinal Irish fd. The dish I enjyed while lking ut ver the Atlantic in Cnnemara perfectly shwed hw ppular seaweed has becme lately. CONNEMARA, P8
Mike Jrdan
I’m a true Sutherner: brn in Nashville, raised in Huntsville, Alabama, and nw based in Atlanta. I lved talking t brilliant Suthern chefs like Mashama Bailey and Rdney Sctt, wh represent the regin’s incredible diversity and unique culture, and tell new stries thrugh their cuisine. SOUTHERN STATES, P48
Sian Meades Williams
When I visited Santrini t find ut mre abut vinsant, the lcal dessert wine, it was the pwerful wmen winemakers that really impressed me. They’re wrking hard t make real change in the industry, and their lve fr the island, its prduce and their cmmunity runs thrugh everything they d. SANTORINI, P66
Cecilia Hae-Jin Lee
The culinary histry f any cuntry is full f depth and surprises. Sharing the stry f bibimbap reveals nly a small part f the beautiful and trubled histry f my hme cuntry f Krea, with its rlling cuntryside, dramatic muntains and weather-beaten fishing bats. BIBIMBAP, P76
1. Wh writes abut the cuisine f the Suthern states?
A. Patrick Hanln.B. Mike Jrdan.
C. Sian Meades Williams.D. Cecilia Hae-Jin Lee.
2. What impressed Sian Meades Williams during her visit t Santrini?
A. The diversity f cultures.B. The lcal dessert wine.
C. The ppularity f seaweed.D. The female winemakers.
3. On which page can we read abut Krea’s culinary histry?
A. P8.B. P48.C. P66.D. P76.
【语篇解读】这是一篇应用文。文章主要列举了四名撰稿人对于各地美食的介绍。
【答案】1. B 2. D 3. D
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段“I lved talking t brilliant Suthern chefs like Mashama Bailey and Rdney Sctt, wh represent the regin’s incredible diversity and unique culture, and tell new stries thrugh their cuisine.(我喜欢与Mashama Bailey和Rdney Sctt等杰出的南方厨师交谈，他们代表了该地区令人难以置信的多样性和独特的文化，并通过他们的烹饪讲述了新的故事)”可知，迈克·乔丹写的是南方各州的美食。故选B。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“When I visited Santrini t find ut mre abut vinsant, the lcal dessert wine, it was the pwerful wmen winemakers that really impressed me.(当我去圣托里尼岛寻找更多关于当地甜点酒vinsant的信息时，给我留下深刻印象的是那些强大的女性酿酒师)”可知，希恩·米德斯·威廉姆斯在圣托里尼岛旅行时，女酿酒师给她留下了深刻的印象。故选D。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段“The culinary histry f any cuntry is full f depth and surprises. Sharing the stry f bibimbap reveals nly a small part f the beautiful and trubled histry f my hme cuntry f Krea, with its rlling cuntryside, dramatic muntains and weather-beaten fishing bats. BIBIMBAP, P76(任何国家的烹饪历史都充满了深度和惊喜。分享拌饭的故事只揭示了我的祖国韩国美丽而动荡的历史的一小部分，这里有起伏的乡村、引人注目的山脉和饱经风霜的渔船。石锅拌饭，第76页)”可知，第76页我们可以读到韩国的烹饪历史。故选D。
B
Americans have adpted dgs in recrd numbers in the pandemic (流行病), and we really dn’t like leaving ur new family members hme n their wn. We wrry that they’ll be lnely, r wrse, chew the furniture. S we ask: What wuld we want t d if we were at hme with nthing t d? Watch TV, f curse.
DgTV, a channel fr dgs, has been available in the United States since 2012. Last mnth it expanded t reach dgs in England, Australia and New Zealand and is nw available in 14 cuntries. Unsurprisingly, mre than 80 percent f the channel’s subscribers are Americans, wh make up the largest pet market in the wrld.
Accrding t Rn Levi, the funder f DgTV, there is a significant amunt f separatin anxiety amng pet wners. DgTV was created t prvide sensry and visual stimulatin that can help reduce this anxiety. Levi came up with the idea fr the channel in 2006 when he realized that dgs are highly scial animals and ften struggle when left alne at hme. Thus, he decided t fcus n their needs.
While sme animal behavirists advcate fr the use f tys and puzzles instead f TV, thers believe that certain types f prgramming can be beneficial when there is nthing else ging n. Fr pet wners like Sage Randall, wh gt a new dg named Carrt Cake in 2020 t keep her cmpany while wrking at hme, the guilt f leaving a pet alne can be great. She laughed when a friend advised her t get DgTV and thught it was crazy t even imagine a dg actually sitting still t watch televisin. Hwever, she tried it and was shcked that Carrt Cake enjyed watching the different landscapes and seeing ther dgs playing. Althugh DgTV may nt be a perfect slutin fr every pet wner, it prvides an interesting lk at hw technlgy is being used t address the needs f dgs.
As fr whether dgs actually enjy televisin r if we are simply finding cmfrt in prviding them with this very human frm f entertainment, that remains an pen questin.
4. Wh is mst likely t be the authr f this article?
A. A dg wner.B. A mbile subscriber.
C. An animal behavirist.D. An American marketer.
5. What can be inferred frm paragraph 2?
A. Americans like dgs best.B. The pet market is grwing.
C. Dgs cst their wners a lt.D. DgTV is gaining ppularity.
6. What is paragraph 3 mainly abut?
A. Hw dgs’ needs are met.B. Why DgTV was created.
C. What wrries pet wners.D. Wh funded the channel.
7. What is the authr’s purpse in mentining Sage Randall?
A. T cmpare different ways f treating dgs.
B. T explain dgs’ fndness fr watching TV.
C. T illustrate the attitude f sme pet wners.
D. T shw the effect f technlgy n animals.
【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了随着美国养狗的人越来越多，狗狗频道DgTV开始流行起来。
【答案】4. A 5. D 6. B 7. C
【4题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段“Americans have adpted dgs in recrd numbers in the pandemic (流行病), and we really dn’t like leaving ur new family members hme n their wn. We wrry that they’ll be lnely, r wrse, chew the furniture.(在疫情期间，美国人收养狗的数量创历史新高，我们真的不喜欢把新的家庭成员独自留在家里。我们担心它们会很孤独，或者更糟，会咬家具)”可知，文章的作者是养狗的人。故选A。
【5题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段“DgTV, a channel fr dgs, has been available in the United States since 2012. Last mnth it expanded t reach dgs in England, Australia and New Zealand and is nw available in 14 cuntries. Unsurprisingly, mre than 80 percent f the channel’s subscribers are Americans, wh make up the largest pet market in the wrld.(狗狗频道DgTV自2012年起在美国开播。上个月，它扩展到英国、澳大利亚和新西兰的狗狗，现在在14个国家都可以买到。不出所料，该频道80%以上的订户是美国人，他们构成了世界上最大的宠物市场)”可知，DgTV越来越受欢迎。故选D。
【6题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第三段“Accrding t Rn Levi, the funder f DgTV, there is a significant amunt f separatin anxiety amng pet wners. DgTV was created t prvide sensry and visual stimulatin that can help reduce this anxiety. Levi came up with the idea fr the channel in 2006 when he realized that dgs are highly scial animals and ften struggle when left alne at hme. Thus, he decided t fcus n their needs.(据DgTV的创始人罗恩·列维说，宠物主人中有大量的分离焦虑。DgTV的创建是为了提供感官和视觉刺激，可以帮助减少这种焦虑。利瓦伊在2006年想到了这个频道的想法，当时他意识到狗是高度群居的动物，经常在独自在家时挣扎。因此，他决定关注他们的需求)”可知，第三段的主要内容是为什么创建DgTV。故选B。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“Fr pet wners like Sage Randall, wh gt a new dg named Carrt Cake in 2020 t keep her cmpany while wrking at hme, the guilt f leaving a pet alne can be great. She laughed when a friend advised her t get DgTV and thught it was crazy t even imagine a dg actually sitting still t watch televisin. Hwever, she tried it and was shcked that Carrt Cake enjyed watching the different landscapes and seeing ther dgs playing. Althugh DgTV may nt be a perfect slutin fr every pet wner, it prvides an interesting lk at hw technlgy is being used t address the needs f dgs. (对于像Sage Randall这样的宠物主人来说，她在2020年养了一只名叫胡萝卜蛋糕的新狗，以便在家工作时陪伴她，把宠物独自留下的内疚感可能很棒。当一个朋友建议她订阅狗狗频道DgTV时，她笑了起来，她认为想象一只狗真的坐着看电视真是太疯狂了。然而，她试了一下，震惊地发现胡萝卜蛋糕很喜欢看不同的景象，也很喜欢看其他狗狗玩耍。虽然DgTV可能不是每个宠物主人的完美解决方案，但它提供了一个有趣的视角，看看科技是如何被用来满足狗的需求的)”可知，作者提到Sage Randall的目的是说明一些宠物主人的态度。故选C。
C
Yes, having a big name in science will help get yur paper published, a new study cnfirms. Invlving hundreds f researchers reviewing an ecnmics paper, the study fund that reviewers were mre likely t recmmend acceptance when the paper was assciated with a famus authr cmpared t a lesser-knwn ne.
The Matthew effect, a term cined in 1968 t describe this prejudice, has been a tpic f cncern amng scientists fr years. Hwever, previus effrts t dcument this prejudice had limitatins such as small sample sizes r lack f randmizatin. T address these issues, a team frm the University f Innsbruck cnducted an extensive study.
The team sent emails t abut 3,300 researchers, inviting them t review an ecnmics paper fr a real jurnal. The paper had tw authrs: Vernn Smith, a Nbel Prize winner, and Sabiu Inua, ne f Smith’s frmer Ph. D. students. The ptential reviewers received ne f three descriptins f the paper: ne mentining nly Smith, anther mentining nly Inua, and a third with n authr mentined. Of the researchers wh agreed t review the paper, Smith’s fame influenced their respnses. When given nly Smith’s name, 38.5% accepted the invitatin t review, while the figures were 30.7% fr thse given n name and 28.5% fr thse given nly Inua’s name.
T further avid prejudice, the team randmly assigned the 313 reviewers wh initially received n authr’s name t review ne f three papers: ne credited t Smith alne, anther t Inua alne,and a third with n authrs listed. Reviewers rated the paper credited t Smith the highest, praising its inclusin f new infrmatin and data-supprted cnclusins. The versin with n authrs received recmmendatins fr acceptance frm 24% f reviewers, mre than duble the percentage fr the versin credited nly t Inua.
The team warned against evaluating identical wrk differently based n the authr’s identity and suggested that duble-blind reviews may reduce the prejudice. Hwever, this apprach may nt be effective as reviewers can ften identify authrs thrugh preprints r cnference presentatins.
8. What des the term “the Matthew effect” refer t accrding t this passage?
A. A tpic f public cncern.B. A preference in publicatin.
C. A dcument describing cins.D. A way t get papers accepted.
9. Why did the team frm the University f Innsbruck carry ut the extensive study?
A. T review an ecnmics paper.B. T find fault with prir studies.
C. T further investigate an effect.D. T study hw t release papers.
10. What are presented in paragraphs 3 and 4?
A. Data receptin and release.B. Paper descriptin and scres.
C. Research methds and findings.D. Authrs’ identities and respnses.
11. What des the team suggest t reduce the prejudice?
A. Revising the review methd.B. Reading the nline preprint.
C. Assessing different wrks.D. Adding new infrmatin.
【语篇解读】本文是一篇科普说明文。文章主要介绍了科学界中马太效应的一个实证研究，该效应描述了在科学研究中对著名作者存在的偏见，以及这种偏见对论文发表机会的影响并提出了减少这种偏见的可能方法。
【答案】8. B 9. C 10. C 11. A
【8题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第二段“The Matthew effect, a term cined in 1968 t describe this prejudice, has been a tpic f cncern amng scientists fr years. Hwever, previus effrts t dcument this prejudice had limitatins such as small sample sizes r lack f randmizatin. T address these issues, a team frm the University f Innsbruck cnducted an extensive study. (马太效应是1968年创造的一个术语，用来描述这种偏见，多年来一直是科学家们关注的话题。然而，先前记录这种偏见的努力存在局限性，例如样本量小或缺乏随机化。为了解决这些问题，来自因斯布鲁克大学的一个团队进行了一项广泛的研究。)”可知，“马太效应”被描述为“对著名作者的偏见”和“基于作者身份对相同作品的不同评价”。它用来描述审稿人在接受与著名作者相关的论文时，相比于鲜为人知的作者，所表现出的偏见。这清楚地表明，它指的是出版过程中的偏好或偏见。故选B。
【9题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第二段“The Matthew effect, a term cined in 1968 t describe this prejudice, has been a tpic f cncern amng scientists fr years. Hwever, previus effrts t dcument this prejudice had limitatins such as small sample sizes r lack f randmizatin. T address these issues, a team frm the University f Innsbruck cnducted an extensive study. (马太效应是1968年创造的一个术语，用来描述这种偏见，多年来一直是科学家们关注的话题。然而，先前记录这种偏见的努力存在局限性，例如样本量小或缺乏随机化。为了解决这些问题，来自因斯布鲁克大学的一个团队进行了一项广泛的研究。)”可知，该团队进行了一项广泛的研究是为了深入调查这一效应，而不是简单地回顾一篇经济学论文、找先前研究的错误或研究如何发布论文。故选C。
【10题详解】
主旨大意题。根据文章第三段“The team sent emails t abut 3,300 researchers, inviting them t review an ecnmics paper fr a real jurnal .(该团队向大约3300名研究人员发送了电子邮件，邀请他们为一份真正的期刊审阅一篇经济学论文。)”、第四段“T further avid prejudice, the team randmly assigned the 313 reviewers wh initially received n authr’s name t review ne f three papers: ne credited t Smith alne, anther t Inua alne, and a third with n authrs listed. (为了进一步避免偏见，研究小组随机分配了313名最初没有收到作者姓名的审稿人，让他们分别审查三篇论文中的一篇：一篇是Smith一个人的论文，另一篇是Inua一个人的论文，还有一篇没有作者的论文。)”可知，在这两段中，首先介绍了研究团队使用的实验方法，即他们模拟了经济学领域论文的同行评审过程，并详细说明了实验的具体步骤。接着，在第4段中，他们呈现了研究的发现，即论文的作者身份确实对审稿人的评分有显著影响，这进一步验证了“马太效应”的存在。因此，这两段主要介绍了研究方法和发现。故选C。
【11题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章最后一段“The team warned against evaluating identical wrk differently based n the authr’s identity and suggested that duble-blind reviews may reduce the prejudice. Hwever, this apprach may nt be effective as reviewers can ften identify authrs thrugh preprints r cnference presentatins. (该团队警告说，不要根据作者的身份对相同的作品进行不同的评估，并建议双盲评审可能会减少偏见。然而，这种方法可能并不有效，因为审稿人通常可以通过预印本或会议演讲来识别作者。)”可知，研究人员认为减少偏见的唯一方法是修改评审方法。因此，团队建议的是修订评审方法以减少偏见。故选A。
D
Cities, ften seen as eclgical wastelands, actually have the ptential t prduce exceptinal bilgists. While traditinal bilgists typically cme frm rural backgrunds, urban residents pssess diverse skill sets that make them better nes.
Take myself as an example. Grwing up in Philadelphia prvided me with a unique angle t lk at urban eclgy. The city’s distinct seasns, plentiful squirrels, rw hmes, and festivals served as my first eclgical classrm. It was there that I witnessed wild cats eating birds and rats, peple driving bats frm their hmes, and snakes being killed by lawn mwers (割草机). This was eclgy in actin, as real as any bservatin in fields and frests.
The unique envirnment f urban areas encurages wildlife there t develp distinct feature s and behavirs that set them apart frm their rural cunterparts: they may be larger in size, be active at different times f the day, mve differently, and even display different persnalities. Sme bilgists argue they are even “smarter” because they balance mre risks, such as expsure t rads, pisnus chemicals and diseases frm dmestic animals — with rewards, f curse, like inhabitable parks and human-prvided fd.
As human residents f cities, we t adapt t the risks and challenges f urban living. This adaptatin sharpens ur intuitin (直觉) — we learn which streets t avid and lck ur drs fr safety. Our ability t assess threats and ur awareness regarding safety influence ur behavirs and chices, much as they d fr urban wildlife. Shared experiences such as these enable us t better understand and appreciate urban wildlife.
Mst f the wrld’s ppulatin nw accesses green and blue spaces, as well as wildlife, within urban neighbrhds. Nature is n lnger nly untuched wilderness; it includes sunds f human laughter, trash trucks and fire alarms. We urban residents are resurceful and imaginative. We need mre capacity, mre participatin, mre energy and mre innvatin in science t create slutins t fight envirnmental degradatin and reduce bidiversity lss. Identifying this talent acrss cities presents a practical apprach.
12. What did grwing up in Philadelphia teach the authr?
A. Philadelphia is uniquely rich in wildlife.
B. Studying bilgy at schl helps greatly.
C. Urban wild creatures need prtectin t.
D. Cities are far frm eclgical wastelands.
13. What des the underlined wrd “cunterparts” in paragraph 3 mst likely mean?
A. Similar species.B. Ptential enemies.
C. Natural resurces.D. Qualified bilgists.
14. What experiences help urban residents understand wildlife better?
A. Ec-friendly habits.B. Risk-aware behavirs.
C. Ill-infrmed chices.D. Fast-paced urban life.
15. What is the best title fr this passage?
A. Cities Build Better BilgistsB. What Makes Smarter Residents?
C. Urban Areas Encurage WildlifeD. Wh Saves Eclgical Wastelands?
【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述了一个来自城市的生物学家认为城市的生态系统和野外的生态系统一样值得研究，并且期待未来能有更多来自城市环境的生物学家一起创造生态学的未来。
【答案】12. D 13. A 14. B 15. A
【12题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段的“While traditinal bilgists typically cme frm rural backgrunds, urban residents pssess diverse skill sets that make them better nes.(虽然传统的生物学家通常来自农村背景，但城市居民拥有多样化的技能，使他们成为更好的生物学家。)”和第二段“Take myself as an example. Grwing up in Philadelphia prvided me with a unique angle t lk at urban eclgy. The city’s distinct seasns, plentiful squirrels, rw hmes, and festivals served as my first eclgical classrm. It was there that I witnessed wild cats eating birds and rats, peple driving bats frm their hmes, and snakes being killed by lawn mwers(割草机). This was eclgy in actin, as real as any bservatin in fields and frests.(以我自己为例。在费城长大让我有了一个独特的角度来看待城市生态。这座城市分明的季节、丰富的松鼠、排屋和节日是我的第一个生态课堂。在那里，我亲眼目睹了野猫吃鸟和老鼠，人们把蝙蝠从家里赶出去，蛇被割草机杀死。这就是生态学的作用，就像在田野和森林里观察到的一样真实。)”可知，在费城长大教会作者城市并非生态荒地。故选D。
【13题详解】
词义猜测题。根据前文“The unique envirnment f urban areas encurages wildlife there t develp distinct feature s and behavirs(城市地区独特的环境促使野生动物发展出独特的特征和行为)”和下文“they may be larger in size, be active at different times f the day, mve differently, and even display different persnalities(它们可能体型较大，在一天中的不同时间活动，动作不同，甚至表现出不同的个性)”可推断，这让它们与农村的野生动物区分开来，因此推断划线词与A项“相似物种”意思相近，故选A。
【14题详解】
细节理解题。根据倒数第二段的“Our ability t assess threats and ur awareness regarding safety influence ur behavirs and chices, much as they d fr urban wildlife. Shared experiences such as these enable us t better understand and appreciate urban wildlife.(我们评估威胁的能力和安全意识会影响我们的行为和选择，就像它们对城市野生动物的影响一样。这些共同的经历使我们能够更好地理解和欣赏城市野生动物。)”可知，风险意识行为有助于城市居民更好地了解野生动物。故选B。
【15题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第一段“While traditinal bilgists typically cme frm rural backgrunds, urban residents pssess diverse skill sets that make them better nes.( 虽然传统的生物学家通常来自农村背景，但城市居民拥有多样化的技能，使他们成为更好的生物学家。)”和最后一段“We urban residents are resurceful and imaginative. We need mre capacity, mre participatin, mre energy and mre innvatin in science t create slutins t fight envirnmental degradatin and reduce bidiversity lss. Identifying this talent acrss cities presents a practical apprach.(我们城市居民足智多谋，想象力丰富。我们需要更多的能力、更多的参与、更多的精力和更多的科学创新，以创造应对环境退化和减少生物多样性丧失的解决方案。在各个城市寻找这样的人才是一种实用的方法。)”可知，文章首尾呼应，点明主题——城市可以培养出更好的生物学家。故选A项。
第二节(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Spring marathns are appraching, and we’re here t help yu prepare fr the starting line. ____16____.
What training plan shuld I use?
____17____. Sme peple respnd well t lgging high mileage six days a week, while thers prefer lwer-intensity plans that allw fr mre crss-training and fewer running days. The best marathn training plan is the ne that suits yur needs and preferences.
____18____?
The duratin f yur marathn training plan depends n yur experience level, current fitness, and the expert r authrity yu’re fllwing. Typically, marathn training lasts 12 t 20 weeks, with mst plans falling within the 16-t 20-week range.
What if I miss training time?
It’s imprtant t stick t yur training plan in rder t run yur best race. Hwever, n ne’s training is perfect. Dn’t wrry if yu miss sme runs due t life events r unexpected circumstances. ____19____.
What if my training feels t difficult?
Marathn training is n easy task. At times, this can feel verbearing and difficult. Yu shuld be uncmfrtable t sme degree, which is nrmal when grwing in anything. ____20____. If it des, cnsider adjusting yur plan r seeking advice frm experienced runners r caches.
Finally, dn’t frget abut fueling during training and racing, as well as what t wear n race day. With the right training plan, preparatin, and attentin t these details, yu’ll be well-equipped t run yur best race yet — whether it’s yur first r 50th!
A. Training plans vary fr each runner
B. Hw lng shuld I train fr a marathn
C. Hw d I determine my marathn gals
D. But yur training shuldn’t feel impssible
E. It’s better t skip a few days t allw yur bdy t rest
F. Take a deep breath and get back n track as sn as pssible
G. This guide addresses cmmn questins abut marathn training
【语篇解读】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了关于马拉松训练的常见问题和建议。
【答案】16. G 17. A 18. B 19. F 20. D
【16题详解】
上文“Spring marathns are appraching, and we’re here t help yu prepare fr the starting line.(春季马拉松即将来临，我们将帮助您准备迎接起跑线)”表明作者要帮助读者准备春季马拉松，下文“What training plan shuld I use?(应该使用什么训练计划？) ”说明读者在准备马拉松比赛中的一个常见问题，G选项“本指南解答了关于马拉松训练的常见问题”承接上文，引出下文，符合语境。故选G。
【17题详解】
上文“What training plan shuld I use?(应该使用什么训练计划？)”表明本段要回答的问题，下文“Sme peple respnd well t lgging high mileage six days a week, while thers prefer lwer-intensity plans that allw fr mre crss-training and fewer running days.(有些人喜欢每周六天高里程的跑步，而另一些人更喜欢强度较低的计划，从而进行更多交叉训练并减少跑步天数)”,选项A“每位跑步者的训练计划各不相同”回答上文问题，引出下文，符合语境。故选A。
【18题详解】
下文“The duratin f yur marathn training plan depends n yur experience level, current fitness, and the expert r authrity yu’re fllwing.(你的马拉松训练计划的持续时间取决于你的经验水平、当前的健康状况以及你正在遵循的专家或权威)”表明马拉松训练计划的持续时间取决于个人的经验水平、当前的健康状况以及正在遵循的专家或权威，是对选项B“马拉松训练应该持续多久？”这一问题的回答，故选B。
【19题详解】
根据上文“Dn’t wrry if yu miss sme runs due t life events r unexpected circumstances.(如果因生活事件或意外情况错过了一些训练，不要担心)”可知，如果因生活事件或意外情况错过了一些训练，不要担心，选项F“深呼吸，尽快恢复正常训练”承接上文，和上文一起回答“What if I miss training time?( 如果错过了训练时间怎么办？)”这一问题。故选F。
【20题详解】
上文“Yu shuld be uncmfrtable t sme degree, which is nrmal when grwing in anything.(在任何成长过程中，都会有一定程度的不适，这是正常的)”表明在任何成长过程中，都会有一定程度的不适，这是正常的，下文“If it des, cnsider adjusting yur plan r seeking advice frm experienced runners r caches.(如果真的感觉训练不能完成，考虑调整你的计划或寻求经验丰富的跑步者或教练的建议)”说明真的感觉训练不能完成，考虑调整计划或寻求经验丰富的跑步者或教练的建议，选项D“But yur training shuldn’t feel impssible(但你的训练不应该感觉不可能完成)”与上文是转折关系，引出下文的解决办法，和上下文一起回答“What if my training feels t difficult?(如果训练感到困难怎么办？)”。故选D。
第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
It’s been ver a year since I started my vlunteer wrk as a caregiver at a well-knwn lcatin here in Oklahma. During a recent visit, I had a(n) ____21____ with a nurse there. We discussed hw I ran int sme issues with my right leg after a terrible fall. I was sharing hw my new ____22____ led me t have t make sme persnal changes and s I ____23____ sme at-hme prjects, such as a vegetable garden, a chicken pen, and my pet birds, when Judith wheeled ver and plitely intrduced herself. She ____24____ ffered me a like-new bird cage t replace my ____25____ ne, and I gratefully accepted her ____26____.
When I went t Judith’s huse t ____27____ the bird cage, she asked if I culd ____28____ her fr an upcming surgery since she had n ne else t rely n. I felt ____29____ t be chsen t take care f her after the ____30____. Judith, wh is als a ____31____ and has devted many years t wrking as a hspital vlunteer, truly ____32____ t be treated with kindness and respect.
This experience serves as a beautiful example f tw ____33____ shwing randm act s f kindness twards each ther. I firmly believe that everything happens fr a reasn, and I am truly ____34____ fr the pprtunity t care fr Judith. In the future, shuld I ever need ____35____, I hpe t receive the same lving supprt.
21. A. date B. drink C. argument D. cnversatin
22. A. jbs B. rules C. challenges D. wishes
23. A. funded B. sld C. created D. studied
24. A. kindly B. prudly C. jkingly D. calmly
25. A. hanging B. struggling C. hand-made D. slar-pwered
26. A. ffer B. claim C. decisin D. dnatin
27. A. lk fr B. pick up C. thrw ff D. put away
28. A. frgive B. thank C. interview D. accmpany
29. A. hnred B. prepared C. relaxed D. qualified
30. A. checkin B. accident C. peratin D. examinatin
31. A. patient B. dctr C. cleaner D. caregiver
32. A. needs B. expects C. deserves D. cntinues
33. A. nurses B. elders C. visitrs D. strangers
34. A. srry B. grateful C. respnsible D. famus
35. A. advice B. assistance C. infrmatin D. guidance
【语篇解读】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者在医院当志愿者的时候遇到了护士朱迪思，两人在生活上互相帮助，让作者意识到两个陌生人对彼此表现善意的一个很好的例子。
【答案】21. D 22. C 23. C 24. A 25. B 26. A 27. B 28. D 29. A 30. C 31. D 32. C 33. D 34. B 35. B
【21题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：在最近的一次访问中，我与那里的一位护士进行了一次交谈。A. date日期；B. drink饮料；C. argument争论；D. cnversatin对话。根据后文“We discussed hw I ran int sme issues with my right leg after a terrible fall.(我们讨论了我的右腿在一次严重的跌倒后遇到的一些问题)”可知，作者和护士进行了交谈。故选D。
【22题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我正在分享我的新挑战如何让我不得不做出一些个人改变，所以我在家里做了一些项目，比如菜园、鸡圈和我的宠物鸟，这时朱迪思转过身来，礼貌地自我介绍。A. jbs工作；B. rules规则；C. challenges挑战；D. wishes希望。根据上文“We discussed hw I ran int sme issues with my right leg after a terrible fall.(我们讨论了我的右腿在一次严重的跌倒后遇到的一些问题)”可知，作者摔倒腿受了伤，即面临新挑战。故选C。
【23题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我正在分享我的新挑战如何让我不得不做出一些个人改变，所以我在家里做了一些项目，比如菜园、鸡圈和我的宠物鸟，这时朱迪思转过身来，礼貌地自我介绍。A. funded资助；B. sld出售；C. created创造；D. studied学习。根据后文“sme at-hme prjects, such as a vegetable garden, a chicken pen, and my pet birds”指作者在家创造了一些项目，比如菜园、鸡圈和我的宠物鸟，故选C。
【24题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：她好心地给了我一个崭新的鸟笼来代替我那只苦苦挣扎的鸟笼，我感激地接受了她的提议。A. kindly善良地；B. prudly骄傲地；C. jkingly开玩笑地；D. calmly平静地。根据后文“ffered me a like-new bird cage t replace”指护士好心地给作者提供了一个新鸟笼。故选A。
【25题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她好心地给了我一个崭新的鸟笼来代替我那只苦苦挣扎的鸟笼，我感激地接受了她的提议。A. hanging悬挂着的；B. struggling艰难奋斗的；C. hand-made手工制造的；D. slar-pwered太阳能的。根据上文“ffered me a like-new bird cage t replace my”提供新鸟笼是因为之前的鸟笼旧了，苦苦挣扎。故选B。
【26题详解】
考查动词名词辨析。句意：她好心地给了我一个崭新的鸟笼来代替我那只苦苦挣扎的鸟笼，我感激地接受了她的提议。A. ffer提议；B. claim声称；C. decisin决定；D. dnatin捐赠。呼应上文“ffered me a like-new bird cage”指接受对方的提议。故选A。
【27题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：当我去朱迪斯家取鸟笼时，她问我是否可以陪她去做一个即将到来的手术，因为她没有其他人可以依靠。A. lk fr寻找；B. pick up捡起；C. thrw ff摆脱；D. put away放好。根据后文“the bird cage”去对方家里是为了取鸟笼。故选B。
【28题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我去朱迪斯家取鸟笼时，她问我是否可以陪她去做一个即将到来的手术，因为她没有其他人可以依靠。A. frgive原谅；B. thank感谢；C. interview采访；D. accmpany陪伴。根据后文“her fr an upcming surgery since she had n ne else t rely n”可知，对方询问作者是否可以陪她去做一个即将到来的手术，因为她没有其他人可以依靠。故选D。
【29题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我感到很荣幸被选中在手术后照顾她。A. hnred荣幸的；B. prepared准备好的；C. relaxed放松的；D. qualified取得资格的。根据后文“t be chsen t take care f her after the”以及“t be treated with kindness and respect”可知，作者认为对方值得被善待和尊重，所以感到荣幸被选中在手术后照顾她。故选A。
【30题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我感到很荣幸被选中在手术后照顾她。A. checkin报到；B. accident事故；C. peratin手术；D. examinatin检查。呼应上文“fr an upcming surgery”指手术后照顾对方。故选C。
【31题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：朱迪思也是一名护理人员，多年来一直在医院做志愿者，她确实值得被善待和尊重。A. patient病人；B. dctr医生；C. cleaner清洁工；D. caregiver护理人员。根据后文“has devted many years t wrking as a hspital vlunteer”可知，朱迪思也是一名护理人员，多年来一直在医院做志愿者，故选D。
【32题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：朱迪思也是一名护理人员，多年来一直在医院做志愿者，她确实值得被善待和尊重。A. needs需要；B. expects期待；C. deserves值得；D. cntinues继续。根据上文“has devted many years t wrking as a hspital vlunteer”作者认为对方多年来一直在医院做志愿者，确实值得被善待和尊重。故选C。
【33题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：这段经历是两个陌生人对彼此表现善意的一个很好的例子。A. nurses护士；B. elders老者；C. visitrs游客；D. strangers陌生人。根据上文可知，作者是在医院做志愿者意外认识护士朱迪思的，而作者也帮助了朱迪思，所以两个人是陌生人的关系。故选D。
【34题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我坚信任何事情的发生都是有原因的，我真的很感激能有机会照顾朱迪思。A. srry抱歉的；B. grateful感谢的；C. respnsible负责的；D. famus出名的。根据上文“I felt hnred t be chsen t take care f her after the peratin.”提到作者对照顾朱迪思感到荣幸，所以感激能有机会照顾朱迪思。故选B。
【35题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：在未来，如果我需要帮助，我希望得到同样的爱的支持。A. advice建议；B. assistance帮助；C. infrmatin信息；D. guidance指导。根据后文“I hpe t receive the same lving supprt”指作者需要帮助的时候，希望得到同样的爱和支持。故选B。
第二节(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
The cl night filled us with eager anticipatin as we began climbing Munt Tai. Alng the way, we met fellw travelers, all pursuing ____36____ same gal: the sunrise. In the mnlight, their faces seemed unfamiliar, ____37____ ur shared purpse united us. “Keep ging; we are almst there!” smene cheered, giving us the mtivatin t cntinue as we paused fr a break. “Yu can d it!” added anther vice. These wrds f ____38____ (encurage) were like a warm wind, refreshing ur tired bdies and minds. After abut fur hurs, we finally reached the peak, where the temperature was ____39____ (nticeable) lwer. Wrapping ____40____ (we) tightly in rented cats, we fund a ____41____ (suit) spt and settled dwn t await the sunrise.
The sky gradually transfrmed, shifting ____42____ deep blue t rsy clrs. Suddenly a red sun jumped ut frm behind the cluds, and thusands f rays f light ____43____ (shine) n the peak. With glden cluds delicately suspended in the air, Munt Tai appeared like a fairyland, ____44____ (create) a breathtakingly beautiful scene. Bathed in the brilliant sunlight, the entire muntain seemed t cme alive with birds singing and trees swaying, as if nature itself was jining in the celebratin f the new day.
_____45_____ (strike) by the beauty f the mment, we sat there, feeling prud t have witnessed such a magical sight.
【语篇解读】这是一篇记叙文。文章叙述了作者攀登泰山看日出的经历。
【答案】36. the 37. but##yet 38. encuragement 39. nticeably 40. urselves 41. suitable 42. frm 43. shne 44. creating 45. Struck
【36题详解】
考查冠词。句意：一路上，我们遇到了同路人，他们都追求着同一个目标：看日出。the same为固定搭配。故填the。
【37题详解】
考查连词。句意：在月光下，他们的脸似乎很陌生，但我们共同的目标使我们团结在一起。根据句意可知，上下文为转折关系。故填but/yet。
【38题详解】
考查名词。句意：这些鼓励的话就像一股温暖的风，使我们疲惫的身心恢复了活力。f后接名词encuragement作宾语。故填encuragement。
【39题详解】
考查副词。句意：大约过了四个小时，我们终于到达了山顶，那里的温度明显较低。副词nticeably作状语修饰形容词。故填nticeably。
【40题详解】
考查代词。句意：我们把自己裹在租来的外套里，找了一个合适的地方，坐下来等待日出。主语与宾语表示同一个人时，宾语用反身代词。故填urselves。
【41题详解】
考查形容词。句意：我们把自己裹在租来的外套里，找了一个合适的地方，坐下来等待日出。形容词suitable作定语修饰名词。故填suitable。
【42题详解】
考查介词。句意：天空渐渐变了样，由深蓝色变成了玫瑰色。frm…t…“从……到……”。为固定搭配。故填frm。
【43题详解】
考查时态。句意：突然，一个红色的太阳从云层后面跳出来，成千上万的光线照在山顶上。描述过去发生的事情，用一般过去时。故填shne。
【44题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：金色的云彩在空中精致地悬浮着，泰山就像一个仙境，创造了一个令人叹为观止的美丽景象。空处为非谓语动词，空处与上文为主动关系，用现在分词作状语。故填creating。
【45题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：我们被这一瞬间的美景所打动，坐在那里，为目睹了这样一个神奇的景象而感到自豪。空处为非谓语动词，we与strike为被动关系，用过去分词作状语，单词位于句首，首字母大写。故填Struck。故填Struck。
第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分)
第一节(满分15分)
46. 正值你校社团招新，学校英文报发起“My Club”主题征文活动。请你写一篇短文投稿，介绍并推荐你参加的一个社团。
注意：
(1)写作词数应为80个左右；
(2)请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
My Club
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】One pssible versin:
My Club
The Debate Club has been a vital part f my schl life, ffering a platfrm t explre and appreciate the art f debate.
If yu are interested in imprving yur critical thinking and public speaking skills, I heartily recmmend jining this club. Thrugh weekly meetings and cmpetitins, we learn hw t cnstruct persuasive arguments, express ur pinins clearly, and think independently. Nt nly have I prved my cmmunicatin skills, but I have als made friends thrugh this club.
Jining the Debate Club is ne f the best decisins I’ve made in schl, and I encurage yu t give it a try as well!
第二节 (满分25分)
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
After a busy week, Emily and her parents decided t g n a muntain picnic. They lnged t fully experience nature’s beauty and enjy quality family time. Little did they knw, this uting wuld be filled with unexpected twists and turns (波折).
Arriving at the muntain’s base, they discvered a huse, in frnt f which Mike and his father had just finished lading a bat nt Mike’s truck. Emily apprached them and asked fr the best picnic spt in the area. Knwing the muntain well, Mike suggested a lcatin abut tw hurs’ walk away. “It’s wrth the effrt,” he assured them.
Parking their car next t Mike’s truck and carrying their picnic supplies, Emily and her parents set ff n the winding rad. Tall green trees n ne side, a flwing stream n the ther, the rad eventually led them t a breathtaking clearing dtted with clrful wildflwers. They enjyed their delicius sandwiches, fruits, and snacks, engaging in pleasant cnversatins.
Just as they finished their meal and settled dwn t relax, dark cluds unexpectedly rlled in. It lked like rain. Panicked, they hurriedly set up the tent they had brught. N sner had they entered than raindrps began puring n the rf. Heavy rain envelped the surrundings, making it impssible t see anything. They had n chice but t patiently wait it ut.
After what felt like a century, the rain ceased. Emily and her parents wasted n time packing up their belngings, ready t get dwnhill. Hwever, their excitement turned t wrry when they discvered that the small stream they had previusly crssed had turned int a wide and impassable river. With n cellphne signal, they were trapped withut a means f seeking help. T make matters wrse, darkness was appraching.
注意：
(1) 续写词数应为150个左右；
(2)请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Suddenly, they heard the sund f a vehicle frm acrss the river.
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Emily and her parents barded the bat.
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【答案】范文
Suddenly, they heard the sund f a vehicle frm acrss the river. A truck appeared arund the bend f the rad-a sense f relief washed ver them as they realized it was Mike’s truck It turned ut that Mike had nticed that it was getting dark but Emily’s car was still parked in the pen space in frnt f his huse. Thinking f the heavy rain, he suspected smething bad might have happened t them. Withut delay, Mike and his father jumped int the truck and headed uphill. Nearing the picnic spt, Mike heard the shut fr help and, in the next mment, saw Emily and her parents waving their hands desperately n the ther side f the river. Mike immediately stpped, and with his father’s help, mved the bat frm his truck int the water.
Emily and her parents barded the bat. Safely crssing the river , they returned t the base f the muntain in Mike’s truck. Emily and her parents were nt nly grateful fr their safe return, but als fr the kindness and assistance they received frm Mike and his father. They expressed their heartfelt thanks t Mike and his father fr their swift respnse and invaluable assistance, tears welling up in their eyes. This unfrgettable experience taught them the pwer f kindness and inspired them t pay it frward. They als learned a valuable lessn n the imprtance f being well prepared fr explring nature. N dubt it is a muntain picnic that has left a deep impressin n them.