2024年五年级英语（译林三起）暑期复习讲义第11讲：情态动词_zip

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情态动词
教学目标：
1、情态动词的基本用法
2、情态动词的句型转换

单项选择
1.Can yu__________ me the way t the stre?
A.shw B.give C.knw
2.Yu________watch TV,but yu________finish yur hmewrk first.
A.must:can B.can;must C.can;may
3.Yu________hand in yur hmewrk n time.
A.shuld B.can C. may
4.Yu_______g and see a dctr at nce because yu've gt a fever.
A.can B.must C.mustn't
5. ---Can yu speak Japanese?
---N.I _______.
A.mustn't B.can't C.needn't
6.We______thrw the waste in the z.
A.can't B.dn't C.mustn't
7. ________yu like sme bread?
A.Wuld B.Culd C.Can
8.---Shall I get ne mre cake fr yu, Dad? ---Thanks, but yu_______, I've had enugh.
A.may nt B.must nt C.can't D.needn't
9.Yu _______ see her, but I must.
A.haven't B.cannt C.mustn't D.needn't
【知识梳理】
情态动词
情态动词表示能力、义务、必要、猜测等说话人的语气或情态，不能单独作谓语，只能与实义动词或系动词连用构成谓语。
小学阶段所学的情态动词有：can、may、must、shuld、need等，它们的否定式就是在其后面加nt。
can nt=can't;may nt;must nt=mustn't;shuld nt=shuldn't;need nt=needn't
(1)can的用法
①表示能力。
He can swim. 他会游泳。
Can yu make a mdel plane? 他会制作飞机模型吗?
= 2 \* GB3②表示可能性。
It can be very ht in summer in Nanjing. 南京的夏天可能会很热。
③表示许可，常用来代替may。
It is half past fur. Yu can g hme nw.(Yu may g hme nw.) 四点半了，现在你可以回家了。
④表示请求。
Can yu tell me the way t the hspital? 你能告诉我去医院的路吗?
(2)may 的用法
①表示允许或请求。
May I cme in? 我能进来吗?
Yu may use my pen. 你可以用我的钢笔。
②表示可能性。
My parents may cme tmrrw. 我的父母可能明天来。
(3)must的用法
①表示必须、必要。
We must knw the traffic rules. 我们必须知道交通规则。
②表示语气肯定的猜测。
The yung wman must be ur English teacher. 那个年轻的女人一定是我们的英语老师。
③must nt(mustn't)表示禁止、不允许。
It is dangerus. Yu mustn't tuch it. 这很危险，你不能碰它。
Yu mustn't talk t yur father like this. 你不能和你的父亲这样讲话。
(4)shuld的用法
用于提供或征求建议，相当于汉语“应该”。
What shuld yu d then? 然后你应该做什么?
Yu shuld read his new bk. 你应该读一读他的新书。
(5)need的用法
表示需要，用于否定句和疑问句。
Yu needn't cme here. 你不必来这里。
Need I shw yu hw t draw a circle n the blackbard? 需要我向你展示如何在黑板上画一个圆吗？
(6)祈使句和情态动词的同义句转换
Dn’t can’t/mustn’t/shuldn’t d...
N+名词/ding= Yu can’t/mustn’t/shuldn’t d...。例如：
Dn’t litter here.=Yu can’t/mustn’t/shuldn’t litter here.
N smking.= Yu can’t/mustn’t/shuldn’t smke.
(7)含有情态动词如：can, may ,must, wuld，shuld ,culd, will的句子，改否定句时直接在情态动词后面加nt, 原来句子中的sme改为any; 改为一般疑问句的时候，将情态动词直接放到句子的最前面，原来句子中的sme改为any，句号改为问号。（（如果主语是第一人称则变成第二人称））
I can play basketball. (肯定句)
I can nt play basketball. (否定句) can nt = can’t
Can yu play basketball? (一般疑问句)
【巩固练习】
1.Lily can ________ (have)a picnic yesterday.
2.Yu ________ g and ask Meimei. She ________ knw the answer.
A.must,can B.must,may C.need,can D.can,may
3.He can ________ (d) the wrk very well.
4.The students can__________ (play)sprts after class.
5.Dgs can swim well. (改为一般疑问句)
________ dgs ________ well?
6.Yu can sit dwn. (改为一般疑问句)
______ ______ sit dwn?
7.I can see a bttle f water n the table. (就划线部分提问)
________ can yu _________ n the table?
8. We can see sme birds ver there. （对画线部分提问）
_____________________________________________________________________
课堂练习
一、用can, can’t填空
1. -- What _______ yu d? --I can lift this bx, but I _______ lift that heavy chair.
2. -- _______ he read Chinese? N, he _______ read Chinese, but he_______ read English.
3 . _______ yu sad in tn f the dr ? Then I _______ see yu.
4.-- _______ Penny wash the dishes? --Yes, she_______.
5.I _______ see sme spns, but I _______ see any knives.
6.-- _______ a Cat drink milk? -- Yes, it _______.
7.She _______ see sme cars, but she _______ see any buses.
8. Lk! This is an invitatin. _______ yu read it?
9. I _______ play the pian and Zhang Peng _______ play ftball.
10. -- What _______ Mike d at the party? -- He _______ dance.
二、照样子把下列句子改写为祈使句
e.g. Yu can’t climb the tree.
Dn’t climb the tree.
1. Yu can’t ride yur bicycle here.
______________________________________________
2. Yu can’t crss the rad.
______________________________________________
3. Yu may cme here and see.
______________________________________________
4. Yu must nt sleep in class.
______________________________________________
5. Yu must nt play at the zebra crssing.
______________________________________________
6. Yu can’t read in the sun.
______________________________________________
三、选择填空
1. ( ) -- _____ yu _____ there by car last night? -- N, I _____.
A. , dn’t B. , didn't C. , desn’t D. , can’t
2. ( ) When _____ yu get up every mrning?
A. des B.d C. are D. can
3. ( ) _____ there any eggs and any ranges?
A. Am B. Is C. Are D. D
4. ( ) Which ne _____ yu like? I like the blue ne.
A. des B. d C. are D. did
5. ( ) In the library, yu must _____ .
A. be quiet B. eat C. watch D. be lud
6. ( ) Whse shirt is this? Oh! It’s _____.
A. yur brther B. yu C. yur brther’s D. he
7. ( ) We _____ a new math teacher this term.
A. are B. has C. have D. had
8. ( ) What d yu want t wear? I want a _____.
A. jeans B. shes C. jacket D. glves
9. ( ) What _____ he _____?
A. B. C. D.
10. ( ) _____ yu have new teachers?
A. Are B. D C. Is D. Des
11. ( ) What _____ yu see in Alan’s rm?
A. Are B. d C. have D. des
12. ( )Yu can see a small huse n the hill, _____ ?
A. can’t yu B. can yu C. aren’t yu D. are yu
一、补全短文。 (从方框中选择正确的单词并用其适当形式填空，每个词只能用一次。)
I many wman may ut but g next t seat lk
It’s Sunday. There are (1) ________ peple n the bus. And an ld man is (2) ________ here and there. He wants t find a (3) ________. Then he finds ne. He ges t it. A small bag is n the seat. And a yung man is (4) _______ it. “Excuse me, (5) ________ I have this seat?” asks the ld man. “Srry, it’s fr a (6) ________. She (7) _______ t buy sme bananas.” says the yung man. “Well,” says the ld man. “let me sit here, please. When she cmes back, I will leave here.” The bus starts. “She desn’t cme, (8) ________ her bag is here. Let me give her the bag.” the ld man wants t thrw the bag (9) ________ f the windw. “Dn’t thrw! It’s (10) ________ bag.” the yung man jumps and shuts.
二、完形填空。
Hainan is an 1 in the suth f China. It is famus fr the 2 sea and the beautiful beach. Last summer, parents and 3 went there n hliday. We 4 in the htel in Sanya. Our stay 5 tw weeks. During ur hliday, we 6 lts f fun. My mum swam in the sea, my dad 7 the mtrbat with me. We als 8 the ccnut juice, and had different kinds f seafd, the island was wnderful 9 the peple there were really friendly. We enjyed the hliday very much. I 10 the island again next summer hliday.
( )1. A. city B. cuntry C. island
( )2. A. white B. blue C. red
( )3. A. my B. mine C. I
( )4. A. played B. talked C. stayed
( )5. A. was B. is C. were
( )6. A. have B. has C. had
( )7. A. flew B. rde C. rided
( )8. A. ate B. drank C. played
( )9. A. s B. and C. but
( )10. A. visit B. am visiting C. am ging t visit
三、阅读理解。
I’m Tim, I study in N. 1 Middle Schl. I dn’t g t schl n the weekend. I get up at 8:00. I eat breakfast at 8:30. I ften have bread and drink milk. On Saturday mrning, I ften g t the library and read bks there. I usually play ftball with my classmates in the afternn. On Sundays, I ften g hiking. Smetimes I g shpping. I have a gd time every weekend.
( )1. Tim _____________ at 8:30.
Eats breakfast B. eats lunch C. eats dinner
( )2. Tim has _____________ fr breakfast.
bread B. rice and sup C. bread and milk
( )3. Tim _____________ in the library n Saturdays.
read bks B. plays ftball C. ges hiking
( )4. Tim ften ges hiking n _____________.
Saturdays B. Sundays C. Fridays
( )5. Tim usually plays ftball with _____________.
his parents B. his friends C. his classmates
预习思考：
6AU1 The king's new clthes（上）