第03讲 动词不定式-（人教版）新九年级英语暑假讲义（教师版+学生版）

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掌握动词不定式的基本形式是“t+动词原形“, 有时可以不带t.动词不定式没有人称和数的变化, 在句子中不能作谓语。在句中可以作主语、表语、宾语、宾语补足语、定语和状语。
【基础知识】
1. 动词不定式作宾语。
1)、在动词want ,hpe,wuld like,decide,wish,chse,try ,need等后常用动词不定式作宾语。
I hpe ______(hear)frm yu sn .
2)、think/find /feel /make it + adj + t d sth
He fund it difficult _______(get) t sleep.
3)、stp t d sth / stp ding sth
stp t d sth 停下来去做某事 stp ding sth 停止正在做的事。
After wrking fr a lng time , He has t stp _______(have ) a rest .
He was very tired , s he had t stp ______(wrk).
2、动词不定式作宾语补。
1)、带t的不定式作宾补的动词有：ask / like /wuld like /teach /tell /want /help +sb +t d sth
Please ask him _________(cme) quickly.
2)、省掉t的不定式作宾补的动词有：let /make / hear /see /ntice /have/watch+sb +d sth
注：省掉t的不定式的句子变被动语态时，需要还原t .
He made the baby _______(stp) crying .
The baby was made ______ _____ crying.
3、动词不定式作主语
1)、动词不定式常可用作句子的主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。
2)、常用it作形式主语，而将不定式放在句子后面。
T d sth +谓语动词+adj /n = It +谓语动词+adj / n + t d sth
T get an injectin is a little painful .
_____ a little painful ____ ____ an injectin
4、动词不定式作定语
动词不定式作定语放在被修饰词之后
名词或代词+t d(介词)
注：若构成的不定式的动词为不及物动词时，其后加上相应的介词。
I want a pen t write ______.
I want a piece f paper t write ______.
5、动词不定式与疑问词连用
疑问词+ t d sth
注：在宾语从句中，若主从句的主语一致时，宾语从句可简化为“疑问词+t d sth”.
Can yu tell me hw I can get t the hspital ?
Can yu tell me _____ ____ ____ the hspital.
6、动词不定式可作状语
1)、动词不定式可作目的状语，在cme / g / leave 后面接动词不定式作目的状语。
He came here ______(get)his bk.
2)、动词不定式可作原因状语，表语形容词（srry/sad/happy/ glad /afraid/ pleased）后与动词不定式连用作原因状语。
He was glad _______(see) his wife.
3)、动词不定式可作结果状语，在t…t …, nt …enugh t …句型中的动词不定式作结果状语。
He was t tired _______(walk) n .
7、动词不定式作表语
be + t d sth
注：动词不定式作表语可以和主语的位置互换，且常表将来。
Her wish is _______(becme) a dctr .
=_____ _____ _____ is her wish .
8、动词不定式的否定形式
在动词不定式的前面加nt .
He tld me _______(nt stay) here .
9、动词不定式符号的省略和保留情况。
1)、动词不定式符号的省略情况
若两个或两个以上的不定式并列时，第一个不定式符号不能省略，其余的省掉t .但两者有对比关系时，t都不能省略。
Edisn’s mther taught him t write and read .
I haven’t decided t g hme r t g t the cinema.
2)、省掉不定式而保留动词不定式符号t的情况。
Will yu take a walk with me ? I’m glad t .
Wuld yu like t jin my birthday party ? I wuld lve t .
【考点剖析】
考点1、动词不定式作宾语
Our teacher prmises ________ a class meeting this week.
A．t haveB．haveC．hasD．having
考点2、动词不定式作宾语补足语
Our teacher asked us ________ questins in grups when we were in primary schl.
A．discussB．t discussC．discussingD．discussed
考点3、动词不定式作主语
It’s necessary fr yu ________ the classrm clean, class.
A．keepB．keepingC．t keepD．kept
考点4、动词不定式作目的状语
Gu Ailing tries t d everything she can ________ the gld medal fr China.
A．winningB．t winC．winD．wn
考点5、“疑问词+ 动词不定式”结构
5．My mther always teaches me hw ________ water in my daily life. That really helps me develp a gd habit f using water.
A．t saveB．savingC．saved
【真题演练】
1．—Have yu finished yur bk reprt yet?
—N, I haven’t. I plan ________ it this weekend.
A．writeB．wrteC．writingD．t write
2．Students shuld have utdr activities every day ________ their eyesight.
A．imprveB．t imprveC．checkD．t check
3．Because f COVID-19, the gvernment advised us ________ t the public places less.
A．gingB．t gC．nt t gD．g
4．It’s very kind ________ yu ________ thers when they’re in need.
A．fr; t helpB．f; t helpC．fr; helpingD．f; helping
5．His cusin is a humrus man. He makes us ________ all the time.
A．laughsB．laughingC．t laughD．laugh
6．The cmmunity wrker is patient enugh ________ t the ld hw t use Health Cde(码).
A．explainB．explainsC．t explainD．explaining
7．—What did the teacher say just nw?
—He tld us ________ in the river.
A．swimB．swimmingC．nt t swimD．nt swim
8．—My family will g n a trip t Beijing this summer, but we haven’t decided ________.
—Why nt take the high-speed railway?
A．when t leaveB．hw t get thereC．which htel t chseD．hw lng t stay there
9．In the past the pr didn’t have warm huses ________.
A．t live in itB．t live in
C．living inD．t live in them
10．The Chinese peple are excited ________ each ther that China’s Shenzhu XIII came back t the earth safely.
A．tellB．tellingC．t tell
【过关检测】
一、单项选择
1．There is nthing fr yu ________.
A．wrry abutB．t wrryC．t wrry abutD．wrry with
2．It is better t ask smene fr advice than ________ smething.
A．risk dingB．risk t dC．t risk dingD．t risk t d
3．I fund ________ interesting ________ the animals.
A．that; t feedB．it; t feedC．this; feedD．it; feed
4．When he first tk part in the cmpetitin, he didn’t knw ________.
A．hw t expectB．what t expect
C．when t expect itD．what t expect it
5．The passengers’(乘客们的) families were ________ t keep calm as sn as they heard the bad news.
A．t sadB．sad enughC．enugh sadD．s sad
6．In the past the pr didn’t have warm huses ________.
A．t live in itB．t live in
C．living inD．t live in them
7．The teacher did all that he culd ________ his students with their English.
A．helpB．helpedC．helpingD．t help
8．She desn’t knw _________ her feelings.
A．t hw expressB．hw express tC．t express hwD．hw t express
二、用所给单词的正确形式填空
9．All the passengers tk turns ________ (get) n the cach.
10．The child is ld enugh ________ (dress) himself withut his mther’s help.
11．My father ften tells me ________ (nt drp) rubbish carelessly.
12．It is impssible fr her ________ (finish) reading the bk within an hur.
13．I think this is the very wrk that we must finish ________ (help) her.
14．Mandeep has made up her mind ________ (attend) the curse after wrk.
15．Mr. Wu has recmmended s many interesting bks t me, but I haven’t decided which ________ (read) first.
三、完成句子
16．要想更多地了解世界，我们有必要学好英语。
It is ______________________________________ t knw mre abut the wrld.
17．等下一辆公交车要花很长时间。
It tk a lng time __________________________________ the next bus.
18．为了筹集足够的钱给那些无家可归者，少年们工作了一整天。
__________ __________ __________ cllect enugh mney fr the hmeless, the teenagers have wrked all day.
19．他想提醒我明天是她的奶奶的生日。
She wanted __________ __________ __________ that tmrrw is her grandmther’s birthday.
20．周老师告诉他上学不要再迟到。
Miss Zhu tld him ____________ ____________ ____________ ____________ fr schl again.