人教版高考英语一轮复习选择性必修第1册UNIT1 PEOPLE OF ACHIEVEMENT练习含答案

这是一份人教版高考英语一轮复习选择性必修第1册UNIT1 PEOPLE OF ACHIEVEMENT练习含答案，共11页。

Brian Tracy is a very famus Canadian-brn mtivatinal speaker,and it is safe enugh t say that he is ne f the best nes ut there.Brian is excellent in the fields f public speaking,leadership and success psychlgy.Hwever,it did nt begin fr Brian like that,as he was the trublemaker f the family.
Things have definitely changed fr him,as he nce struggled t pay the utility(公用事业) bills.Brian is the President and CEO f three multi-millin dllar cmpanies based in the United States.He is fluent in mre than fur languages and has ne main message fr everyne ut there,“I believe thrugh learning and the applicatin f what yu have learned,yu can slve any prblem,vercme any barrier and achieve any gal that yu set fr yurself.”
Brian Tray was brn in Canada in 1944 and raised in the United States.His early childhd was spent in a variety f lcatins,including Illinis,Wiscnsin,Minnesta,and Califrnia.His family mved frequently and he was ften in a new schl.Tracy’s parents’ marriage ended when he was seven years ld,and he and his siblings had t live with the tw different husehlds.With his father mstly absent,Tracy and his siblings were largely raised by his mther.
His mther was a hard-wrking single parent wh held dwn three jbs t supprt the family.Tracy was ften left t his wn devices,which included a lt f reading.He read a wide variety f bks,including bigraphies and bks n success and persnal develpment.His reading gave him an educatin that was far beynd his years.He als studied music and played sprts.
Althugh his childhd was difficult and his circumstances were smetimes difficult,Tracy’s strng spirit and determinatin eventually led t success.His early childhd experiences helped shape his beliefs and values,and he applied them t his later life and career.
1.What did Tracy d frequently befre becming famus?
A.He delivered speeches in public.
B.He learnt frm excellent leaders.
C.He turned t psychlgists fr help.
D.He made truble fr his family.
2.What is the secret f mastering freign languages accrding t Tracy?
A.Learning in rder t practise.
B.Paying attentin t prnunciatin.
C.Setting a lng-term gal.
D.Acquiring adequate vcabulary.
3.What des the underlined wrd “siblings” mean in paragraph 3?
A.Classmates r friends.
B.Brthers r sisters.
C.Uncles r aunts.
D.Neighbrs r relatives.
4.What is the mst beneficial t Tracy’s develpment?
A.The gd educatin.
B.The wide reading.
C.The mther’s supprt.
D.The tugh childhd.
B
Kenya has been at the frefrnt(前沿) f the glbal war n plastic since the gvernment banned single-use plastics in prtected areas in June 2020.Unfrtunately,the preventive measures have barely received attentin.Hundreds f tns f industrial and cnsumer plymer waste cntinue t get dumped int landfills daily.Hwever,if 29-year-ld Nzambi Matee has her way,the unsightly plastic heaps will sn be transfrmed int clrful bricks.
The materials engineer’s seeking t find a practical slutin t cntrl plastic pllutin began in 2017.She quit her jb and set up a small lab in her mther’s backyard.It tk her nine mnths t prduce the first brick and even lnger t cnvince a partner t help build the machinery t make them.But the determined ec-entrepreneur was cnfident in her idea and did nt give up.
She says,“I wanted t use my educatin t handle plastic waste pllutin.But I was very clear that the slutin had t be practical,sustainable,and affrdable.The best way t d this was by channeling the waste int the cnstructin space and finding the mst efficient and affrdable material t build hmes.” Her cmpany prduces ver 1,500 bricks a day.The pavers are made using a mix f plastic prducts that cannt be reprcessed r recycled.
The cllected plastic is mixed with sand,heated at very high temperatures,and cmpressed(压缩) int bricks that vary in clr and thickness.The resulting prduct is strnger,lighter,and abut 30 percent cheaper than cncrete bricks.Mre imprtantly,it helps repurpse the lwest quality f plastic.“There is that waste they cannt prcess anymre;they cannt recycle.That is what we get,” Matee says.
Matee is nt nearly dne.Her dream is t reduce the muntain f trash t just a hill by increasing prductin and expanding her fferings.She says,“The mre we recycle the plastic,the mre we prduce affrdable husing,the mre we created mre emplyment fr the yuth.”
5.What des the underlined sentence in paragraph 1 imply?
A.Matee’s methd can be effective if adpted.
B.Matee’s idea has been widely accepted.
C.Clrful bricks are in huge demand.
D.Plastic waste hasn’t attracted enugh attentin.
6.Which f the fllwing can best describe Nzambi Matee?
A.Generus and ambitius.
B.Cnfident and grateful.
C.Creative and reslved.
D.Optimistic and mdest.
7.What is Nzambi Matee’s ultimate purpse in using a mix f plastic prducts?
A.T build cheaper huses.
B.T supprt the gvernment.
C.T create jb pprtunities.
D.T tackle plastic pllutin.
8.Which f the fllwing is the best title fr the text?
A.Kenya:Pineer in Banning Plastic Single-use Plastics
B.Nzambi Matee:Innvatr in Slving Plastic Waste
C.Mix f Plastic Prducts:A New Cnstructin Material
D.Plastic Recycling:A Creative Slutin t Pllutin
Ⅱ.七选五
It’s always exciting t begin a new jb.But amng the frenzy(激动) f meeting new clleagues,starting new prjects,and building new skills,there can be a stressful pressure t succeed.A big part f yur success is determined by hw quickly yu are able t digest lts f infrmatin,which can be very hard. 1
*Manage yurself
When yu ntice infrmatin verlad,dn’t ignre it and dn’t panic.Say t yurself,“I’m in a new jb and there is plenty t learn here.It’s kay t feel this way.” 2 Remember that emtins can help yu better understand yurself and yur values.
*Srt yur infrmatin
3 It keeps what it needs mre immediately in ur shrt-term memry,and it mixes tgether infrmatin we may need t use in the future t stre in ur lng-term memry.Fr the infrmatin that’s nt needed,ur brain acts like a garbage management,recycling,and deleting it.
* 4
Organizatins ften have digital knwledge management systems t stre and take imprtant infrmatin.Yu can d the same t reduce brain burden.I recmmend creating a Wrd dcument in which yu write dwn infrmatin that yur brain desn’t need t remember r stre.
*Reduce task-switching
Multitasking isn’t gd fr yu physically r mentally and is wrse fr yur prductivity and cgnitin(认知). 5 Yu can g fr lnger than that,but be sure t take a break.Fcused activity is less taxing than multitasking,but yu can’t keep wrking endlessly.
A.Respnd psitively
B.Use technlgy t help
C.That prblem is much easier t understand and slve.
D.Here are sme methds t deal with the infrmatin verlad.
E.Fr greater results,fcus n ne task fr arund 25 minutes.
F.Our brain is like a clever piece f equipment that “takes in infrmatin”.
G.This self-talk helps nrmalize the situatin and makes the emtins easier t handle.
Ⅲ.语法填空
T exhibit ne’s wrk at the Smithsnian Institutin in Washingtn be a high pint in any artist’s career;t receive such an hnr at the age f furteen is 1. (true) remarkable.Yet that was the age f the Chinese painter Wang Yani when her paintings 2. (give) their first American shwing there in 1989.Hundreds f thusands f visitrs came and were fascinated by her pictures f animals,birds,and landscapes.
If furteen seems a yung age 3. (receive) s much attentin,cnsider this:Yani’s first 4. (exhibit),in her native China,was held when she was fur!She has been wrking hard at her art since the age f tw;that was 5. Wang Shiqiang first became aware f his daughter’s interest in painting.Himself 6. well-knwn artist,he encuraged Yani by prviding her with large sheets f paper,ink,and brushes.These are the traditinal materials f Chinese painting.He never gave her a lessn 7. discuraged her teachers at schl frm ding s.He believed such instructin wuld nly limit her imaginatin and prevent her frm expressing her feelings freely.Befre lng,his belief 8. his daughter’s talent was justified.
As she grew lder,her style evlved and subjects changed.By the time she was sixteen,Yani 9. (paint) mre than ten thusand pictures.Tday,as an adult,she is still painting,10.(express) new ideas in nature and in the changing wrld arund her with the brush and the ink.
Ⅳ.应用文写作
假定你是李华,你的外国笔友Tm对你班开展的课外活动(extracurricular activities)非常感兴趣,希望你介绍这方面的有关情况。请你给他回封邮件,内容包括:
1.课外活动介绍;
2.你最喜欢的活动;
3.喜欢的原因。
注意:
1.写作词数应为80左右;
2.请在相应位置作答。
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答案：
Ⅰ.【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了著名的演说家布莱恩·特雷西的成长经历。
1.D 细节理解题。根据第一段可知,在Tracy成名之前,他是这个家庭的麻烦制造者。
2.A 细节理解题。根据第二段中“He is fluent in mre than fur languages and has ne main message fr everyne ut there,‘I believe thrugh learning and the applicatin f what yu have learned,yu can slve any prblem,vercme any barrier and achieve any gal that yu set fr yurself.’”可知,在Tracy看来,通过学习和应用所学知识,可以解决任何问题,克服任何障碍并实现为自己设定的任何目标。
3.B 词义猜测题。根据画线词所在句前半部分“Tracy’s parents’ marriage ended when he was seven years ld”及“had t live with the tw different husehlds” “With his father mstly absent,Tracy and his siblings were largely raised by his mther.”可知,因为Tracy的父母离异,父亲大部分时间不在家,致使Tracy多数时间是由妈妈抚养,因而他和他的兄弟姐妹就住在母亲的家庭中。所以画线词此处指“兄弟或姐妹”。
4.D 细节理解题。根据最后一段的“His early childhd experiences helped shape his beliefs and values,and he applied them t his later life and career.”可知,对Tracy的成长而言,他的早期童年经历帮助塑造了他的信仰和价值观,并将它们应用到他后来的生活和职业生涯中。
【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了材料工程师Nzambi Matee通过自己的努力,创造性地解决塑料垃圾污染的问题。
5.A 词义猜测题。根据画线句子前的Hwever可知,该句话的意思与画线句子前的内容为转折关系,根据画线句子前的“Unfrtunately,the preventive measures have barely received attentin.Hundreds f tns f industrial and cnsumer plymer waste cntinue t get dumped int landfills daily.”可知,政府的一些治理塑料污染的预防措施几乎没有取得实质的效果,大量的垃圾仍然被倒进垃圾填埋场,由此可知,画线句子的意思与此相反,应为“如果Matee的方法被采用可能会有效”。
6.C 推理判断题。根据第二段中的“But the determined ec-entrepreneur was cnfident in her idea and did nt give up.”可知Matee对自己的想法绝不会放弃,说明她很有决心;根据第三段中的“The best way t d this was by channeling the waste int the cnstructin space and finding the mst efficient and affrdable material t build hmes.”可知,她认为最好的方法是将废物引入建筑空间,这种想法很有创造性。由以上内容可知,Matee是一个有创造性且有决心的人。
7.D 细节理解题。根据第三段“She says,‘I wanted t use my educatin t handle plastic waste pavers are made using a mix f plastic prducts that cannt be reprcessed r recycled.”可知,将塑料产品的混合物做成铺路砖最终目的是解决塑料污染问题。
8.B 主旨大意题。根据第二段中的“The materials engineer’s seeking t find a practical slutin t cntrl plastic pllutin began in 2017.”可知,材料工程师Nzambi Matee寻求实用的方法来解决塑料垃圾污染问题,以及第三段中的“She says,‘I wanted t material t build hmes.’”可知,她认为解决问题的方法必须是实用、持续以及可负担的,她提出了将塑料垃圾转换到建筑空间之中的想法,并结合全文可知,标题“Nzambi Matee:解决塑料垃圾污染问题的创新者”符合文章主题。
Ⅱ.【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文,作者针对新工作带来的过多信息,给出了四点建议。
1.D 设空处上文介绍了新工作所带来的压力和挑战——消化过多的信息;下文作者就如何处理大量信息提出四点建议;D项“Here are sme methds t deal with the infrmatin verlad.”承上启下,符合语境,选项中的“the infrmatin verlad”指代上文的“lts f infrmatin”,“sme methds”指下文所给出的具体的解决方法。
2.G 由小标题“Manage yurself”可知本段的建议是管理好自己;上文“When yu ntice infrmatin ’s kay t feel this way.”介绍了面对大量信息时,如何调整自己的心态和情绪;G项“This self-talk helps nrmalize the situatin and makes the emtins easier t handle.”承接上文,说明自我对话所起到的作用。选项中的“This self-talk”指代上文“Say t yurself,‘I’m in a new jb and there is plenty t learn here.It’s kay t feel this way.’ ”;下文“Remember that emtins can help yu better understand yurself and yur values.”阐述了管理好情绪的重要性;由此可知,G项符合本段主旨和语境。
3.F 由下文“It keeps what it needs mre in ur lng-term memry.”可知句中“It”指代设空处所提到的某种存储信息的东西;结合本段最后一句“Fr the infrmatin that’s nt needed,ur brain acts like a garbage management,recycling,and deleting it.”可知设空处提到是大脑。F项“Our brain is like a clever piece f equipment that ‘takes in infrmatin’.”符合语境,选项中的“takes in”与下文中的“keeps”和“stre”表达的意义一致。
4.B 分析文章结构可知,设空处为此段的小标题;由下文内容可知作者在本段建议运用Wrd文档来帮大脑减负;B项“Use technlgy t help”能够概括本段主旨,适合作为小标题。
5.E 上文“Multitasking isn’t gd fr yu physically r mentally and is wrse fr yur prductivity and cgnitin.”阐述了同时处理多项任务的弊端;E项“Fr greater results,fcus n ne task fr arund 25 minutes.”针对上文所阐述的同时处理多任务的弊端提出了解决方法:专注于一项任务;下文承接E项,就专注于一项活动的时间进一步阐述,指出专注于一项工作时,时间不能太长,要注意休息。故选E项。
Ⅲ.【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要介绍了中国著名画家王亚妮的个人成就以及学习绘画的历程。
1.truly 考查词性转换。句意:在华盛顿特区的史密森学会展出自己的作品将是任何艺术家职业生涯的高点;十四岁就获得这样的荣誉,真是了不起。修饰形容词用副词形式。故填truly。
2.were given 考查动词的时态和语态。这里为从句的谓语动词,根据主句时态可知,从句为一般过去时;主语her paintings为复数,和动词give之间为被动关系,所以用被动语态。故填were given。
3.t receive 考查非谓语动词。句意:如果14岁就受到如此多的关注让人感觉是个很小的年龄,想想这个:亚妮在她的祖国中国的第一次展览是在她四岁的时候举行的!非谓语动词作后置定语,用动词的不定式形式。故填t receive。
4.exhibitin 考查词性转换。根据空前的first可知设空处为名词形式。故填exhibitin。
5.when 考查表语从句。句意:她从两岁起就开始努力学习艺术;那时,王世强第一次意识到女儿对绘画的兴趣。这里为表语从句的连接词,表语从句中缺少时间状语,用when。
6.a 考查冠词。句意:他自己是一位著名的艺术家,他为亚妮提供了大张的纸张、墨水和画笔来鼓励她。修饰名词单数,表示泛指,用不定冠词a。
7.and 考查连词。句意:他从不给她上一节课,也不鼓励学校里的老师这样做。空前“gave her a lessn”和空后“discuraged her teachers at schl frm ding s”为并列关系。故填and。
8.in 考查介词。句意:不久,他对女儿才华的信任得到了证实。ne’s belief in,意为“某人对……的信任”。故填in。
9.had painted 考查动词的时态。句意:到16岁时,亚妮已经画了一万多幅画。这里为主句谓语动词,根据时间状语从句“By the time she was sixteen”可知,主句时态为过去完成时。故填had painted。
10.expressing 考查非谓语动词。句意:如今,作为一个成年人,她仍然在画画,用画笔和墨水表达她对自然和周围不断变化的世界的新想法。这里为非谓语动词担当状语,和主句主语she之间为主动关系,用动词的-ing形式。故填expressing。
Ⅳ.
Dear Tm,
This year,ur class has rganized a variety f extracurricular activities,such as planting trees,learning t ck and visiting lcal museums.
My favrite activity is t visit the museums.Such kinds f trips have nt nly helped me better understand the histry and gegraphy textbks,but als imprved my research skills,since we were always asked t get prepared by searching nline r finding useful infrmatin in the library befre the field trips.I really hpe that yu can g n a field trip with us in the future.
Best wishes!
Yurs,
Li Hua