人教版高考英语一轮复习语法专题2 非谓语动词课件

这是一份人教版高考英语一轮复习语法专题2 非谓语动词课件，共51页。PPT课件主要包含了内容索引，情境导入，考点解读，技法图解，考点达标检测，目的状，宾语补足，to teach，planning，inviting等内容，欢迎下载使用。

Gd afternn,ladies and gentlemen.It is a great hnr fr me t intrduce① this English speech cntest.As we all knw,t master② a freign language is very imprtant fr us.Taking part in③ an English speech cntest is a helpful way t learn④English.Everyne wants t shw⑤ their best.When we have been preparing fr it,we can imprve ur listening and speaking⑥ ability,develping⑦a gd habit f learning⑧ English.
In the prcess f the cmpetitin,yu shuld pay attentin t the rules made⑨ by us.First,yu shuld make yur vice heard⑩ clearly by everyne, s reading alud⑪ is very necessary.Secnd,yu shuld try yur best t express⑫ yurself in fluent English.Finally,yu shuld finish yur speech in five minutes.I am sure the English speech cmpetitin will be a great success and the audience will feel satisfied⑬ with ur perfrmance.Thank yu!
1.①t intrduce this English speech cntest 是不定式短语作真正的　　语,　　　　　　是形式主语。 ②t master a freign language 是不定式短语作　　　　　　语。 ④t learn English是不定式短语作　　　　　　语,修饰way。 ⑤t shw their best 是不定式短语作　　　　　　　　　　语。 ⑫t express yurself in English fluently是不定式短语作　　　　　　语。
2.③Taking part in an English speech cntest⑪reading alud都是动名词短语作　　　　　　语。 ⑥listening and speaking是动名词作　　　　　语,修饰 ability,表示类别。 ⑧learning English是动名词短语作介词f的　　　　　　语。 3.⑦develping a gd habit f learning English 是现在分词短语作　　　语。⑨made by us 是过去分词短语作　　　　语。 ⑩heard clearly by everyne 是过去分词短语作　　　　　　语。 ⑬satisfied是分词形容词,在句中作　　　　　语,意为“感到满意的”。 
考点1 非谓语动词作状语一、动词不定式作状语,表示目的、结果、原因等。1.作目的状语,有时用in rder t或s as t。We will cntinue ur campaign t prevent and cntrl air pllutin t make ur skies blue again.我们将继续我们的运动,以预防和控制空气污染,使我们的天空再次蔚蓝。
2.作结果状语,常用于结构enugh t,,nly t 等。I’m t tired t stay up any lnger.我太累了,实在不能熬夜了。3.作原因状语,此时常与表示情感的形容词连用,如glad,happy,frightened, surprised 等。I was frightened t find that in frnt f my dr sat a dg.我惊恐地发现我门前坐着一只狗。
二、分词作状语1.现在分词短语作状语,常表原因、伴随、时间、结果等,与句子主语之间存在逻辑上的主谓关系。His parents died,leaving him an rphan.他的双亲去世了,留下他成了孤儿。[名师点津]动词不定式短语作结果状语时,常表示意想不到的结果;而现在分词短语作结果状语时,常表示自然而然的结果。2.过去分词作状语,分词与句子主语之间存在逻辑上的动宾关系。Seriusly injured,she had t be sent t hspital at nce.她受伤严重,不得不被立刻送往医院。
3.某些动词的过去分词已经形容词化,且往往用于一些系表结构中,此时这些过去分词既不表示被动,也不表示完成,而表示一种状态,如lst(迷路的), seated(坐着的),hidden(隐瞒的),lst/absrbed in(沉溺于),dressed in(穿着……的),tired f(对……感到厌倦的)等。Absrbed in his bk,he didn’t ntice me enter the rm,他被这本书所吸引,没有注意到我进入房间。
小题快练 单句语法填空1.(2023全国乙卷)　　　　　　　　　　　　(visit) several times ver the last 10 years,I was amazed by the c-existence f ld and new,and hw a city was able t keep such a rich heritage(遗产) while cnstantly grwing. 2.(2023全国甲卷)Fr thusands f years,peple have tld fables(寓言)　　　　　　　　　　　　(teach) a lessn r t pass n wisdm. 3.(2022全国甲卷)He flew 4,700 kilmeters frm Xi’an t Kashgar n Sept.20,　　　　　　(plan) t hike back t Xi’an in five mnths. 
Having visited
4.(2022全国乙卷)　　　　　　　　　　　　(strengthen)the cnnectin with yung peple,the event included a number f public prmtinal activities n scial media,　　　　　　(invite) twenty-nine tea prfessinals frm arund the wrld t have thirty-six hurs f uninterrupted live bradcasts.5.(2022新高考全国Ⅰ卷)　　　　　　(cver) an area abut three times the size f Yellwstne Natinal Park,the GPNP will be ne f the first natinal parks in the cuntry. 
T strengthen
考点2 非谓语动词作定语一、动词不定式作定语动词不定式作定语通常置于所修饰的名词或代词之后,与所修饰的词之间构成逻辑上的主谓、动宾关系或同位关系。She is always the first t cme and the last t leave.(主谓关系)她总是第一个来最后一个离开。I can’t think f any gd advice t give her.(动宾关系)我想不出任何好的建议给她。His last appeal,t cme and see her,went unanswered.(同位关系)没有人答应他最后要来看她的请求。
二、分词作定语1.动词-ing形式作定语当该动词与被修饰的名词之间为主谓关系或用来表示被修饰的名词的用途时,用现在分词形式。The lecture,starting at 7:00 pm last night,was fllwed by an bservatin f the mn with telescpes.始于昨天晚上7点的这次演讲,紧跟在用望远镜对月球进行观测之后。[名师点津]被修饰的名词与分词之间为被动关系且表正在进行时,用现在分词的被动式作定语,表示该动作的被动和进行。
2.过去分词作定语过去分词作定语,分词与被修饰的名词之间是逻辑上的动宾关系。Tsinghua University,funded in 1911,is hme t a great number f utstanding figures.清华大学始建于1911年,是众多杰出人物的母校。[名师点津]作定语的不及物动词的分词形式为ding和dne,ding 表示正在进行;dne 表示已经完成。3.动词-ing形式作定语表示被修饰词的某种用途,在意义上相当于“名词+fr+ding”,此时动词-ing形式常置于被修饰词的前面。N flying machine will fly frm New Yrk t Paris.没有飞行器会从纽约飞到巴黎。
小题快练 单句语法填空1.(2023新高考全国Ⅰ卷)Shanghai may be the 　　　　　　　　(recgnize) hme f the sup dumplings,but fd histrians will actually pint yu t the neighbring canal twn f Nanxiang as xia lng ba’s birthplace. 2.(2023新高考全国Ⅱ卷)They talk t the fld f internatinal turists and t　　　　　　(visit) Chinese zkeepers wh ften cme t check n the pandas,which are n lan frm China. 
3.(2023全国甲卷)“There was nce a twn in the heart f America where all life seemed t enjy peaceful c-existence with its surrundings,” her fable begins,　　　　　　(brrw) sme familiar wrds frm many age-ld fables.Behind the simple style,hwever,is a serius message 　　　　　　(intend) fr everyne. 4.(2023浙江1月卷)In the Ming Dynasty,the center was the Frbidden City,　　　　　　(surrund) in cncentric(同心的) circles by the Inner City and Outer City. 5.(2022全国甲卷)A visually-challenged man frm Beijing recently hiked(徒步) 40 days t Xi’an,as a first step 　　　　　　　　　　　　(jurney) the Belt and Rad rute(路线) by ft. 
考点3 非谓语动词作补足语1.感官动词和短语(see,watch,bserve,ntice,lk at,hear,listen t,feel)后面的宾语补足语常见的有三种非谓语动词形式(d/ding/dne)。d 表主动和完成(被动句中t还原),ding表主动或正在进行,dne 表被动或完成。The missing by was last seen playing near the river.这个失踪的男孩最后一次被看到时正在河边玩耍。2.动词let,make,have,get,leave,keep,find后接非谓语动词形式作补足语。On the cntrary,thse wh let teenagers experience the cnsequences f their actins can d better.相反,那些让青少年经历了他们行动结果的人能够做得更优秀。
3.固定短语,如advise/allw/encurage/request/warn sb t d sth等。4.with/withut的复合结构:with/withut+n.+ding (主动、进行)/dne(被动、完成)/t d(目的、将来)。Withut anyne nticing,I stle int the rm.没有人注意到,我偷偷溜进了房间。
小题快练 单句语法填空1.(2023新高考全国Ⅰ卷)N matter where I buy them,thugh,ne steamer basket is rarely enugh,yet tw seems greedy,and s I am always left 　　　　　　　　(want) mre next time. 2.(2023新高考全国Ⅰ卷)Nanxiang aside,the best xia lng ba have a fine skin,allwing them 　　　　　　　　　　　　(lift) ut f the steamer basket withut tearing r spilling any f their cntents. 3.(2023全国乙卷)Beijing is a city bridging the ancient and the mdern.Frm Buddhist temples t museums,narrw hutng t ryal palaces,it is hme t mre than 3,000 years f glrius histry even dwn t its layut,with the city keeping its carefully 　　　　　　(build) system f ring rads. 
t be lifted
考点4 非谓语动词作宾语1.只能跟动词-ing形式作宾语的动词和短语:suggest,imagine,mind,admit, practice,allw,advise,risk,keep,keep n,avid, escape,enjy,cnsider,excuse, finish,miss,insist n,lk frward t,feel like,get dwn t,bject t 等。We dn’t allw diving in the pl.泳池内不准跳水。
2.只能跟不定式作宾语的动词和短语:wish,hpe,decide,refuse,prmise, pretend,manage,plan,fail,chse,wuld like 等。Yur father has at last decided t stp smking.你父亲终于决定戒烟了。[名师点津] 如果作宾语的不定式有宾语补足语时,常用it作形式宾语,将真正的宾语后置。I find it impssible t change her idea.我发现不可能改变她的想法。
3.下列动词或词组既可以接动词-ing形式作宾语,也可以接不定式作宾语,但意义上有区别:
I mean t g,but my father wuld nt allw me t.我想去,但我父亲不肯让我去。T raise wage means increasing purchasing pwer.增加工资意味着增加购买力。
4.动词不定式可以与疑问代词及疑问副词(why除外)等连用,构成不定式短语,在句中作主语、表语、宾语、宾语补足语、同位语等。I didn’t knw hw t get back t the village.我不知道怎样回到村子。Experience tells yu what t d;cnfidence allws yu t d it.经验告诉你干什么,而信心让你去做这件事。
小题快练 单句语法填空1.(2023新高考全国Ⅰ卷)T eat ne,yu have t decide whether 　　　(bite) a small hle in it first,releasing the steam and risking a spill(溢出),r t put the whle dumpling in yur muth,letting the ht sup explde n yur tngue. 2.(2023全国乙卷)As a phtgrapher,I have spent the last tw years 　　　　　　(recrd) everything I discvered. 3.(2021全国甲卷)After 　　　　　　(spend) sme time lking at all the defensive equipment at the wall,we decided it was time fr sme actin and what better than t ride n a piece f histry! 
4.(2021全国乙卷)Activities there range frm whale watching t hiking(远足) and accmmdatins aim 　　　　　　　　　(have) a lw impact n the natural envirnment. 5.(2021全国乙卷)Actually,a true ec-friendly trip must meet the fllwing principles:Minimize the impact f 　　　　　　(visit) the place. 
考点5 非谓语动词作主语、表语1.非谓语动词中能作主语的有动词-ing形式和动词不定式(1)动词-ing形式作主语表示一般的、抽象的或习惯性的动作,动词不定式作主语表示具体的、一次性的或尚未做的动作。Facing up t yur prblems rather than running away frm them is the best apprach t wrking things ut.直面问题而不是逃避是解决它们的最佳途径。
(2)it作形式主语,代替真正作主语的动词不定式或动词-ing形式。常见句型有:It is/was n use/gd+ding sth;It is/was useless ding sth;It’s a waste f time ding sthIt’s imprtant fr the figures t be updated regularly.经常性地更新数据是非常重要的。
2.非谓语动词中能作表语的有动词-ing形式、过去分词和动词不定式注意动词-ing形式作表语意为“令人感到……的”,而过去分词作表语意为本身“感到……的”。Please describe a dg that is frightening.请描述一只令人害怕的狗。Please describe a dg that is frightened.请描述一只惊恐的狗。[名师点津]get,becme,lk,seem,appear 等系动词后可跟过去分词作表语,表示被动或主语的状态。This qutatin frm Winstn Churchill tells us that we shuldn’t get discuraged right after failure.温斯顿·丘吉尔的这句话告诉我们,失败之后不应该气馁。
小题快练 单句语法填空1.(2021全国甲卷)It is pssible 　　　　　　　　　(walk) r bike the entire 14 kilmeters. 2.It’s n gd 　　　　　　(regret) yur past mistakes. 3.Frtunately,nwadays it is much easier 　　　　　　(make) ec-friendly lifestyle chices. 4.What wrried the child mst was his 　　　　　　　　　　　(nt,allw) t visit his mther in the hspital. 5.It is,therefre,urgent 　　　　　　　　　　　　(update) ur curricula by intrducing the recent develpments in the relevant fields. 
nt being allwed
考点6 非谓语动词的时态和语态
1.主、被动形式非谓语动词与逻辑主语(通常是句子的主语)之间存在主谓、动宾关系。与逻辑主语之间存在主谓关系时,用主动形式;与逻辑主语之间存在动宾关系时,用被动形式。The meeting t be held tmrrw is f great imprtance.明天即将举行的这次会议非常重要。
2.时间先后关系根据它与谓语动词表示的动作之间的时间先后关系定时态:(1)非谓语动词所表示的动作发生在谓语动词所表示的动作之后或同时发生,用非谓语动词的一般式;(2)非谓语动词所表示的动作发生在谓语动词所表示的动作之前,用非谓语动词的完成式。Having finished his hmewrk,he went t bed.他完成作业之后就去睡觉了。
小题快练 单句语法填空1.The nvel is believed t 　　　　　　　　　　　　(translate) int ten freign languages s far. 2.The manager,　　　　　　　　　　　　(make) it clear that he didn’t agree with us,left the meeting rm. 3.　　　　　　　　　　　　(talk) int changing my attitude,I finally gt the right way t rid myself f carelessness and gained cnfidence as well. 4.The plice are said 　　　　　　　　　　　　(undertake) detailed investigatins int the case at present. 5.In fact,much remains 　　　　　　　　　　　　(learn) abut traditinal Chinese painting and its elements. 
have been translated
having made
Having been talked
t be undertaking
t be learned/t be learnt
【例1】 　　　　　(Date) back 250 millin years,Himalayan sea salt is a type f rck salt that is naturally pink in clr. 分析:句中已有谓语部分is a type f rck salt,因此应用非谓语动词。句子主语Himalayan sea salt与date back之间为逻辑上的主谓关系,因此用动词-ing形式。【例2】 Brn in the 1980s and having lng been used t 　　　　　(read) cartn bks while grwing up,Ma Ge,wh lves traditinal architecture ever s much,hit upn the idea f intrducing it t a wider readership thrugh cartns. 分析:平时学习过程中要牢记用动词-ing形式或动词不定式作宾语的动词和短语。be used t ding sth 为固定搭配,意为“习惯于做某事”。
Ⅰ.单句语法填空1.(2024湖南长沙一中模拟) China has always welcmed the psitive aspects f ther civilizatins while cntributing its civilizatin achievements 　　　　　　　(enrich) ther civilizatins;Chinese music did nt shy away frm 　　　　　　(adpt) musical instruments frm the Middle East,like the fantastic pipa,and making it an essential and beautiful part f Chinese musical culture. 2.(2024江苏百校联考) Chen Bing was the first 　　　　　(shw) the classic mves f tai chi in the intrductin film that was submitted t UNESCO.3.(2024江苏镇江模拟) It is the lcal peple’s desire t prtect the lcal histrical characteristics that leads t the buildings 　　　　 　　(preserve) t this day. 
being preserved
4.(2024广东六校模拟) A stne tablet(牌匾)　　　　　(date) back t the year 1693,which falls within the Qing Dynasty(1644—1911),was discvered in Daming Cunty,nrth China’s Hebei Prvince,said lcal authrities. 5.(2024黑龙江齐齐哈尔模拟) Villagers,　　　　　　(fear) that the wild pigs may unexpectedly enter their yards and cause harm,tk radical(极端的) actin.6.(2024福建龙岩一中模拟) 　　　　　　(base) n such infrmatin,Duan draws the family trees f the tigers. 
7.(2024河南焦作模拟) Dressed in a dark blue Taist(道家服) with a black clth bag and several lng bags 　　　　　　(cntain) dngxia and chiba—tw kinds f traditinal Chinese bamb musical instruments—he said he always wears a Taist unifrm and carries alng a dngxia fr practice wherever he ges. 8.(2024广东湛江模拟) The mvies 　　　　　　(list) in the bk were created between the 1950s and 1970s,　　　　　　(majr) hnring heres f the Cmmunist Party f China r revisiting the early develpment f New China. 
9.(2024广东湛江模拟) Highlighted examples include Sparkling Red Star, which fllws the jurney f an 11-year-ld by risking his life 　　　　(jin) the fight against Japanese invaders in the early 1930s,and Wman Basketball Player N.5,which cmbines a basketball cach’s persnal fate with the develpment f the sprt. 10.(2024山西吕梁模拟) By 　　　　　　(shw) the develpment f fnts(字体),the exhibitin gave visitrs an verview f the mdern develpment f Chinese characters. 
Ⅱ.语法与写作1.(2023全国甲卷,书面表达)作为中国宋代著名的作家和政治家,范仲淹因其对社会的巨大贡献而受到高度赞赏。(过去分词短语作状语)2.(2023全国甲卷,书面表达)他不遗余力地进行了一系列改革,以使他的国家繁荣起来。(动词不定式作目的状语)
Knwn as a famus Chinese writer and plitician in the Sng Dynasty,Fan Zhngyan was highly appreciated because he made great cntributins t sciety.He spared n effrt t carry ut a series f refrms t make his cuntry prsperus.
3.(2022全国甲卷)6月8日的世界海洋日旨在提高人们保护海洋的意识。(动词-ing形式短语作定语)4.(2021新高考全国Ⅰ卷,读后续写)看着他的眼睛,我告诉他他已经训练了很多,所以不要放弃。(动词-ing形式短语作状语)5.(2021浙江卷,应用文写作)我强烈推荐你参观这个展览,我相信你会学到很多关于中国文化和艺术的知识。(动词-ing形式作宾语)
Wrld Ocean Day,falling n June 8th,is aimed at raising awareness f cean cnservatin.Lking him in the eye,I tld him nt t give up after he had trained a lt.I highly recmmend visiting this exhibitin,where I am sure yu will learn a lt abut Chinese culture and art.
Ⅲ.语法填空(非谓语动词专练)D yu like 1.　　　　　　　　　(travel)?2. 　　　　　　(stay) healthy while 3.　　　　　(travel) can help t ensure yur trip is a happy and enjyable ne.Here are the tips yu need 4. 　　　　　　　　　(make) yur trip much easier. Make sure yu have gt a 5.　　　　　　(sign)passprt and visa.Als, befre yu g,fill in the emergency infrmatin page f yur passprt!Make tw cpies f yur passprt identificatin page.This will help a lt if yur passprt is 6. 　　　　　　　 (steal).Leave ne cpy at hme with friends r relatives.Carry the ther with yu in a separate place frm yur passprt. 
Read the public annuncements r travel warnings fr the cuntries yu plan 7.　　　　　　(visit).Get yurself 8.　　　　　　(infrm)f lcal laws and custms f the cuntries t which yu are travelling. Leave a cpy f yur itinerary(旅行日程)with family r friends at hme s that yu can 9.　　　 　　(cntact)in case f an emergency. D nt accept packages 10.　　　　　　(give)frm strangers.D nt carry t much mney r unnecessary credit cards.If yu make enugh preparatins,yu will succeed.Have a gd time! 
be cntacted
解析 【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。给要去国外旅行的人提供了一些建议,以保障旅行安全、提高旅行舒适度。1.travelling　考查非谓语动词作宾语。like后接动词-ing形式表示习惯性的行为。也可接不定式,只是不定式表示具体的动作,尤其是某一次的行为,故这里用动词-ing形式更合适。2.Staying　考查非谓语动词作主语。用动词-ing形式作主语多表示抽象的动作。3.travelling　考查状语从句的省略。此处省略了主语和be动词,应使用travelling。4.t make　考查非谓语动词作目的状语。此处缺目的状语,用不定式充当。5.signed　考查非谓语动词作定语。sign 和 passprt 是逻辑上的动宾关系,故用过去分词。