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北京市西城区2023—2024学年度第二学期期末试卷高二英语word版（附参考答案）
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这是一份北京市西城区2023—2024学年度第二学期期末试卷高二英语word版（附参考答案），共14页。试卷主要包含了 7， A等内容，欢迎下载使用。
本试卷共14页，共140分。考试时长120分钟。考生务必将答案写在答题卡上，在试卷上作答无效。
第Ⅰ卷(共83分)
Ⅰ. 听力理解(共三节，30分)
第一节：(共4小题;每小题2分，共8分)
听下面四段对话，每段对话后有一道小题，从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。每段对话你将听一遍。
1. Where is Daisy frm?
A. America. B. Italy. C. Greece.
2. What des the wman plan t d during the summer vacatin?
A. G t Paris. B. Visit her cusins. C. Start a night schl.
3. Wh will give the reprt n Friday?
A. The man. B. The wman. C. The wman’s assistant.
4. Where will the man have dinner?
A. In his hme. B. At his aunt’s place. C. In his grandfather’s huse.
第二节：(共6小题;每小题2分，共12分)
听下面三段对话或独白，每段对话或独白后有两道小题，从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。每段对话或独白你将听两遍。
听第5段材料，回答第5至第6小题。
5. Why can’t the man attend the event?
A Because he desn’t knw hw t help.
B. Because he thinks it is nthing serius.
C. Because he has a family emergency t handle.
6. What will the man prbably d next?
A. Accept dnatins. B. Help ut in ther ways. C. Send the wman mre infrmatin.
听第6段材料，回答第7至第8小题。
7. What d we knw abut the wman?
A. She’ll g t university. B. She jined the cmpany. C. She has wrk experience.
8. What’s the wman mst prbably ding?
A. Chatting nline. B. Asking fr advice. C. Taking an interview.
听第7段材料，回答第9至第10小题。
9 Where shuld students g if they’re interested in healthcare?
A. T the Schl Gym. B. T N.1 Lecture Hall. C. T N.2 Lecture Hall.
10. Why des the speaker give this talk?
A. T intrduce an activity.
B T share persnal experiences.
C. T give advice n career chices.
第三节：(共5小题;每小题2分，共10分)
听下面一段独白，根据题目要求在相应的横线上写下第11题至第15题的关键信息。每小题仅填写一个词。这段独白你将听两遍。
Ⅱ. 完形填空(共10小题;每小题1.5分，共15分)
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该选项涂黑。
Sam was waiting fr a taxi at the hspital. He had bked it n the phne after his medical treatment. He’d been suffering frm kidney (肾) failure since last year. During this time, he was n the transplant list, but n____1____ appeared.
Bill was driving t visit a friend when his phne rang with the request fr Sam’s ride hme. The trip was ut f Bill’s way. ____2____, he tk the rder, figuring if the passenger was cming frm a hspital, he likely needed a ride.
When Sam gt int the car, Bill culd see he was ____3____ but in gd spirits. As the tw set ut, they began chatting.
“Sam really ____4____ the car with psitive energy,” said Bill, wh talked a lt with Sam. He learnt Sam had enjyed vlunteering in the cmmunity, but he was ding less because f the treatments. Then Sam revealed he was searching fr a kidney dnr. Bill ____5____ he’d be a gd dnr candidate because he didn’t drink r smke. Sam agreed, thugh he didn’t think much f it. Bill, hwever, culdn’t stp thinking abut it.
Bill believed in ____6____ thers, s dnating a kidney was smething always n his mind. Plus, he already liked and respected Sam. When appraching the destinatin, Bill repeated, “I’d see if I culd be a match t give yu a kidney.”
“I was shcked,” Sam recalled. He was shaking s hard that he culd barely write his name when they ____7____ cntact infrmatin. Once inside his hme, he excitedly tld his wife, “The taxi driver ffered his kidney t me!”
After the initial excitement, Sam started feeling less ____8____, wndering if it had just been an emtinal mment. Wuld he hear frm him?
But Bill was ____9____ t his wrd. He cntacted the hspital sn. After a lng prcess, the results came: They were a perfect match. Then they had their surgery, which was a(n) _____10_____. Tday, Sam is ding well. And the tw men still keep in tuch.
Miraculusly, a chance encunter turned ut t be a life-saving ride.
1. A. taxisB. matchesC. rdersD. patients
2. A. StillB. InsteadC. MreverD. Therefre
3. A. angryB. afraidC. weakD. frgetful
4. A. lit upB. piled intC. fixed upD. slwed dwn
5. A. heardB. recalledC. jkedD. cmplained
6. A. treatingB. helpingC. acceptingD. encuraging
7. A. discussedB. repeatedC. cmparedD. exchanged
8. A. curiusB. dubtfulC. hesitantD. ptimistic
9. A. trueB. clseC. relatedD. blind
10. A. wasteB. hnrC. mistakeD. success
Ⅲ. 阅读理解(共两节，38分)
第一节(共14小题;每小题2分，共28分)
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
The Lighthuse Bk Prject is an intensive, tw-year prgram. It is aimed at giving writers f bk-length manuscripts (文稿) the classes, advice, and mral supprt they need t draft, revise, and — mst imprtantly — finish. Whether yu’re wrking n a nvel, shrt stry cllectin, r narrative nnfictin, ur prgram guides will wrk clsely with yu t chart a path thrugh yur prject. And at the end f tw years, yu’ll have a manuscript yu can be prud f and a supprt team ready t help yu take the next steps.
Benefits
● Individualized guidance: Yu’ll meet yur guide n a regular basis t check yur prgress, review drafts f yur wrk, and set gals fr the future, keeping yu accuntable and n track thrughut the prgram.
● Intensives: Three times a year, the Bk Prject participants gather fr a weekend f classes led by special guest authrs and ur publishing expert, grup meetings, participant readings, great meals and plenty f scial time.
● Manuscript feedback: Yu’ll receive detailed feedback n yur manuscript frm yur guide and then a secnd thrugh examinatin f yur cmplete manuscript frm a secnd reader, chsen frm ur list f Lighthuse teachers and many ther famus writers.
Applicatins and Tuitin
● Applicatins: Applicatins are available starting April 1, and the deadline t apply is June 22 every year. Each guide accepts six applicants, fr a ttal f 36 participating writers.
● Cmpnents f applicatins: a writing sample up t 30 pages, a prject utline, tw t three recmmendatin letters frm yur current r frmer writing instructrs, and a shrt persnal statement.
● Tuitin: $8,580 per year, r $715 per mnth. Partial tuitin assistance is available thrugh ur Bk Prject Fellwship.
Since 2019, we’ve seen deals signed fr thirteen bks frm ur Bk Prject participants. They’ve had nnfictin, shrt stry cllectins, nvels, and middle-grade wrks signed by the best publishers. Will yu be next?
11. The Lighthuse Bk Prject prmises that participants will ________.
A. get their bks published eventually
B. meet their guides whenever necessary
C. finish writing their wrks within 2 years
D. receive feedback nly frm famus writers
12. T be a participant f the Lighthuse Bk Prject, yu need t ________.
A. apply befre April 1B. pay $715 fr ne year
C. state yur persnal infrmatinD. prepare yur nvel up t 36 pages
13. What is the main purpse f the passage?
A. T assess new writers.B. T prmte a prgram.
C. T cmpare different prjects.D. T intrduce the best publisher.
B
In 2014, a year int her retirement, Mrag Warrack fund herself in a village hall in the Surrey hills, surrunded by middle-aged men thrwing each ther n t the flr. “When entering the classrm, I was terrified and thught all these men wuld be shcked by an ld wman walking in,” she says. “The teacher encuraged me t stay and I realized they were all kind and curius abut me being there. That was my first experience f learning aikid.”
At 59, Warrack, wh had recently handed in her resignatin, began reading up n mindfulness practices. “The mre I lked int mindfulness, the mre aikid kept cming up,” she says. “These bks were recmmending it as a way t cnnect the mind, bdy and spirit.”
Attracted by the idea, Warrack fund a lcal class where she culd take a beginners’ sessin. Despite her struggles, Warrack kept returning. While her husband and tw children were supprtive, they weren’t tempted t jin in. “They just thught: Mum’s ff n ne again,” she says. Warrack carried n and, after tw years f practice, she began mving up the graded system f belt rankings and nticing a change in herself. “Aikid was making me way mre cnfident,” she says, “Since my reactins gt quicker, my balance was better and my crdinatin (协调性) imprved, I had a real understanding f my wn bdy and it became a metaphr (比喻) fr hw t be in life; hw t avid attack withut hurting the ther persn.”
By January 2019, Warrack was determined t achieve her black belt and began training with the nly ther persn in her class wh was at the same level as her: a 181cm plice fficer. “It was a very dd pairing. Nt least because he’s s strng and s I had t learn hw t use my skills rather than strength against him,” she says.
In December 2021, Warrack, at the age f 66, tk her black belt test. Fr 20 minutes, she had t defend her psitin against attackers ne after anther befre facing the final randri, where fur peple attack at nce. “One guy kicked me and split my lip,” she laughs. “It made me s angry, but that’s what I needed t keep ging.” She passed, making her ne f the ldest peple t achieve an aikid black belt in the UK.
14. Hw did Mrag Warrack feel when she first entered the aikid classrm?
A. Curius.B. Disappinted.C. Cnfident.D. Frightened.
15. After tw years f practice, Warrack ________.
A. grew mre patientB. turned int a better self
C. realized her full ptentialD. became aware f her weakness
16. In rder t achieve her black belt, Warrack had t ________.
A. plish her skills furtherB. imprve her crdinatin
C. avid hurting the attackersD. seek supprt frm her family
17. What can we learn frm this passage?
A. With age cmes wisdm.B. The greatest wealth is health.
C. It’s always a gd time t learn.D. Cmpete with hnr and win with grace.
C
Our travels are nt limited t physical time. We als experience mental time travel. We visit the past thrugh ur memries and then jurney int the future by imagining what tmrrw r next year might bring. When we d s, we think f urselves as we are nw, remember wh we nce were and envisin hw we will be.
A recent study explres hw ne particular brain regin helps t knit tgether memries f the present and future selves. When peple sustain an injury t this area, it leads t a damaged sense f identity. The regin, called vmPFC, may prduce a fundamental mdel f the persn and place it in mental time. When the regin des s, it may be the surce f ur sense f self. It’s als fund that memries that reference the self are easier t recall. They benefit frm what researchers have called a self-reference effect.
In the study, the researchers used the self-reference effect t assess memries f present and future selves amng peple wh had brain lesins (损伤) t the vmPFC. The scientists wrked with peple with vmPFC lesins, then cmpared them with a cntrl grup made up f peple with injuries t ther parts f the brain and healthy individuals. They were asked t list adjectives t describe themselves and a celebrity, bth in the present and future. Later, they had t recall these same traits. It was discvered that peple in the cntrl grup culd recall mre adjectives linked t themselves than adjectives linked t the celebrity. Hwever, the participants with vmPFC lesins had little r n ability t recall references t the self, regardless f the cntext f time. Their identificatin f adjectives fr celebrities was als cmparatively weak.
These findings are intriguing, fr the study helps us understand hw self-related memries depend n the functin f the vmPFC. But what abut ur past selves? Previus studies asked peple t cnsider their past selves, but there was n evidence f the self-reference effect. Our past selves seem freign t us, as if they were individuals apart frm us.
One idea that scientists have put frward t understand this distinctin is that perhaps we are nt very kind in ur judgments f ur past selves. Instead we may be rather critical f ur previus behavir, emtins and persnal traits. We may use ur past primarily t cnstruct a mre psitive self-image in the present. Put anther way, because we may recgnize flaws (瑕疵) in ur past self’s behavir, we tend t distance urselves frm the persn we nce were.
Therefre, bringing the present and future int the sptlight is central t understanding the way ur brain and thughts shape ur current selves. And with the research, we have a better idea abut the way a small regin within ur brain is able t build and hld the cre ability t maintain ur identity.
18. Frm the passage, we can learn that ________.
A. peple with vmPFC lesins have a brken sense f identity
B. vmPFC-injured peple recall celebrities better than thers d
C. the self-reference effect plays a vital rle in cnsidering past self
D peple tend t accept past self after realizing their previus faults
19. As fr the findings f the recent study n vmPFC, the authr is ________.
A. criticalB. dubtfulC. apprvingD. uncncerned
20. Which f the fllwing wuld be the best title fr the passage?
A. Testing Our MemriesB. Creating Our Sense f Self
C. The Pwer f Self-Reference EffectD. The Imprtance f Mental Time Travel
D
With its 1.2 millin LED lights shining brightly against the Las Vegas night, the Las Vegas Sphere may well be the ultimate symbl f 2020s veruse. But that gigantic entertainment space is als smething else: a symbl f the cming cnflict between ur climate gals and ur seemingly insatiable (永不满足) appetite fr stuff.
In the 1990s, multiclr LED lights were invented t prevent climate disasters by greatly reducing the amunt f electricity we use. After all, LED lights use 90 percent less energy and last arund 18 times lnger than incandescent bulbs (白炽灯). Yet the amunt f electricity we cnsume fr light glbally is rughly the same tday as it was in 2010. That’s partly because f ppulatin and ecnmic grwth in the develping wrld. But anther big reasn is that as technlgy has advanced, we’ve nly grwn mre wasteful.
There’s an ecnmic term fr this: the Jevns Paradx, named fr the 19th-century English ecnmist William Stanley Jevns, wh nticed that as steam engines became ever mre efficient, Britain’s appetite fr cal increased rather than decreased. The lgic f Jevns is that instead f banking the efficiency savings we make as technlgy advances, we g ut and spend it.
Tday, yu can see examples f the Paradx everywhere. When residents in England installed hme insulatin, their verall heating energy demand sn rebunded, ending up at abut the same level as it was befre: The residents had apparently chsen t turn up their thermstats (温控器) and live in warmer hmes.
The gd news is that in sme cases the efficiency gains are s great that even ur insatiable appetite fr new stuff cannt cmpletely negate them. Tday’s car engines require less fuel, even thugh Americans n average nw drive lnger distances in heavier cars. Hwever, the bad news is that the Jevns Paradx seems t be hard-wired int us. There are few examples thrughut histry f peple willingly cnsuming less energy, either fr mral r envirnmental reasns.
Fr sme, the slutin is bvius: Gvernments must d mre t limit ur energy use, perhaps thrugh regulatins r taxes. A glbal carbn tax wuld help—thugh the chances f establishing ne remain slim. A mre innvative answer cmes frm Rb West, funder and chief executive f Thunder Said Energy. Having spent years dcumenting the Jevns Paradx and finding it far mre widespread than ecnmists predicted, he thinks the best hpe we have is t fight Jevns with Jevns. That means applying the idea that cnsumptin increases as gds becme cheaper and mre efficient t ur prductin f energy. In ther wrds, the future lies nt in ratining (定量供应) energy and hping humans suddenly change their behavir, but in ensuring any energy we use is as green and attractive as pssible.
21. Why des the authr mentin the Las Vegas Sphere?
A. T highlight a space.B. T predict an ending.
C T prvide a slutin.D. T express a cncern.
22. What des the underlined wrd “negate” in Paragraph 5 mst prbably mean?
A. Put ff.B. Break dwn.C. Push up.D. Wipe ut.
23. What can we learn frm the passage?
A. The Jevns Paradx requires mre examples.
B. Envirnmental awareness is hard-wired in humans.
C. Energy cnsumptin grws as technlgy advances.
D. Efficiency gains guarantee the realizatin f climate gals.
24. Which f the fllwing statements wuld Rb West mst prbably agree with?
A. The slutin is always t further energy efficiency.
B. A glbal carbn tax has aided in limiting energy use.
C. Humans are eager t change their cnsumptin behavir.
D. Ecnmists have verestimated the effect f the Jevns Paradx.
第二节(共5小题;每小题2分，共10分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。选项中共有两项为多余选项。
Highly sensitive persn, r HSP, is a term cined by psychlgist Elaine Arn. Accrding t research, in every five peple, there’s ne HSP. ____25____ HSPs have strng self-cnsciusness; they may struggle t adapt t new circumstances, demnstrate seemingly inapprpriate emtinal respnses in scial situatins, and easily becme uncmfrtable in respnse t light, sund r certain physical sensatins. ____26____
The pwer f insensitivity can be interpreted as “sluggish (迟缓的) pwer”. Usually, peple assciate “insensitivity” with smething bad, but insensitivity des nt equal dullness. ____27____ That is, calmly facing the setbacks and dwntime in life and firmly mving twards ne’s wn directin. It is the “means and wisdm t win a better life”, as a Japanese authr writes in the bk The Pwer f Insensitivity. Accrding t him, the wrld will be better if we fcus n the majr gals and stay insensitive t anything else.
____28____ One f the imprtant reasns is that behind insensitivity is strng self-awareness r self-cnfidence. Knwing yurself is difficult, but knwing yurself crrectly is undubtedly an excellent ability. One f the qualities shared by many successful peple is: they all clearly knw where their strengths are, what they want, and what directin t g.
T practice insensitivity, the first step is t avid verthinking. Resist the urge t veranalyze situatins, and redirect yur fcus twards actinable steps within yur cntrl. Secndly, dn’t pay t much attentin t the ups and dwns f life at the mment. Rather, yu shuld be lking frward. Additinally, set clear bundaries. ____29____ Remember nt t get t invlved in ther peple’s business and set limits that keep yu safe frm utside pressures.
As a unique wisdm f life, the pwer f insensitivity gives cmpletely new inspiratin t mdern peple. Once yu becme a bit “blunt” and slw dwn the pace, yu will feel mre cmfrtable.
A. Everyne can btain the ability t be insensitive.
B. That’s where the need t be insensitive cmes frm.
C. It emphasizes determinatin when it cmes t difficulties.
D. Avid fcusing t much n what thers are ding r thinking.
E. Regarding relatinships, learn t view the prblem as tw parts.
F. Being a highly sensitive persn can cme with many challenges.
G. Why can insensitivity allw a persn t better adapt in a cmpetitive envirnment?
第Ⅱ卷(共57分)
Ⅰ. 选词填空(共5小题;每小题2分，共10分)
用方框中单词的适当形式完成下列句子，每个单词只能用一次。
30. In recent years, yu may have read news abut artificial ____________ creating its wn art, such us painting.
31. Pets are ften the nes wh prvide ____________ supprt fr the family.
32. The cigarette package carries a health ____________ n it—“Smking is harmful t health”.
33. The US shrt stry writer O. Henry in renwned fr his absrbing plts and ____________ endings.
34. He gt very ____________ with me abut my carelessness.
Ⅱ. 语法填空(共10小题;每小题1.5分，共15分)
A
阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
Technlgy has imprved my life in ways that still surprise and delight me. My TV ____35____ (remember) hw far I gt in yesterday’s shw, even if I dn’t! I can watch my pizza’s entire jurney ____36____ the restaurant t my huse! These are miracles. But there have been sacrifices, I have turned ver memry and independence t the machines. Over the past 20 years, I ____37____ (becme) anxius abut prblems that didn’t use t exist, and indecisive ver chices I never used t make.
B
阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
The exhibitin—“Blssms f Dunhuang” ____38____ (hld) at the Natinal Art Museum f China last mnth. It reflected upn the 60-year-lng career f a famus Chinese artist Chang Shana. Her passin fr Dunhuang was inspired by her father ____39____ was als a famus artist. Chang Shana has devted ____40____ (she) t preserving the art f Dunhuang. ____41____ (ensure) that the thusand-year-ld art lives n, she’s nw wrking with an nline platfrm t prmte the sale f her wrks.
C
阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
While my fellw cnference attendees were ____42____ (happy) discussing the dinner menu, I was trying t stp a panic attack. This wasn’t the first time this had happened. During grup discussins, my brain stpped ____43____ (functin) and panic tk ver. Fr years I didn’t knw ____44____ I felt like this. But nw I knw the reasn: I have a nerve disrder. Recgnizing this aspect f my identity brings me new wrries and hpe.
Ⅲ. 书面表达(共两节，32分)
第一节(共4小题;第60、61题各2分，第2题3分，第63题5分，共12分)
阅读下面的短文，根据题目要求用英文回答问题。
Hgan was ne f the greatest glfers f the 20th century, an accmplishment he achieved thrugh tireless practice. Fr him, every practice sessin had a purpse. He spent years breaking dwn each phase f the glf swing and testing new methds fr each part. The result was near perfectin. Hgan finished his career with nine majr champinships. During his prime, ther glfers attributed his remarkable success t “Hgan’s secret”. Tday, experts have a new term fr his style f imprvement: deliberate practice.
Deliberate practice refers t a special type f practice that is purpseful and systematic. While regular practice might include mindless repetitins, deliberate practice requires fcused attentin and is cnducted with the specific gal f imprving perfrmance. When Hgan carefully recnstructed each step f his glf swing, he was engaging in deliberate practice. He was finely tuning his technique.
The greatest challenge f deliberate practice is t remain fcused. In the beginning, shwing up and putting in yur repeated practice is the mst imprtant thing. But after a while we begin t carelessly verlk small errrs and miss daily pprtunities fr imprvement. This is because the natural tendency f the human brain is t transfrm repeated behavirs int autmatic habits. The mre we repeat a task, the mre mindless it becmes. Mindless activity is the enemy f deliberate practice. The danger f practicing the same thing again and again is that prgress becmes assumed. T ften, we assume we are getting better simply because we are gaining experience. In reality, we are merely reinfrcing ur current habits—nt imprving them.
Deliberate practice always fllws the same pattern: break the verall prcess dwn int parts, identify yur weaknesses, test new strategies fr each sectin, and then integrate yur learning int the verall prcess.
Deliberate practice des nt mean that yu can fashin yurself int anything with enugh wrk and effrt, thugh. While human beings d pssess a remarkable ability t develp their skills, genes put limits n hw far any individual can g. But genetics d nt determine perfrmance. It is deliberate practice that can help us maximize ur ptential. It turns ptential int reality.
45. What is deliberate practice accrding t the passage?
____________________________________________
46. What is the danger f mindless repetitin?
____________________________________________
47. Please decide which part is false in the fllwing statement, then underline it and explain why.
Accrding t the passage, we pssess a remarkable ability t develp ur skills, s we can achieve any success thrugh deliberate practice.
____________________________________________
48. Hw will yu use deliberate practice t develp ne f yur skills? (In abut 40 wrds)
____________________________________________
第二节(20分)
49. 假设你是红星中学高二学生李华。你校学生会将要组织国际文化周活动，你和交换生Jim共同负责文学板块(Literature Sectin)的活动设计，请你用英文给Jim写一封邮件，内容包括：
1. 分享你的活动设计方案；
2. 询问对方的建议。
注意：1. 词数100左右；
2. 开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
Dear Jim,
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yurs,
Li Hua
北京市西城区2023—2024学年度第二学期期末试卷高二英语参考答案
2024. 7
Ⅱ. 完形填空(共10小题;每小题1.5分，共15分)
1—5. BACAC 6—10. BDDAD
11—13. CCB 14--17. DBAC 18—20. ACB 21—24. DDCA 25--29. FBCGD
30. intelligence 31. emtinal 32. warning 33. dramatic 34. annyed
35. remembers 36. frm 37. have becme
38. was held 39. that##wh 40. herself 41. T ensure
42. happily 43. functining 44. why
Ⅲ. 书面表达(共两节，32分)
【答案】45. Deliberate practice refers t a special type f practice that is purpseful and systematic.
46. The danger f mindless repetitin is that prgress becmes assumed.
47. Accrding t the passage, we pssess a remarkable ability t develp ur skills,s we can achieve any success thrugh deliberate practice；原因为：Accrding t the passage, while human beings d pssess a remarkable ability t develp their skills, genes put limits n hw far any individual can g.
48. I will break dwn the skill int parts, identify my weaknesses, test new strategies fr each sectin, and then integrate my learning int the verall prcess t imprve my perfrmance.
第二节(20分)
【答案】Dear Jim,
Greetings! As we are c-rganizing the Literature Sectin fr the upcming Internatinal Culture Week, I’d like t share my initial ideas with yu.
Regarding the theme, I prpse we fcus n literary analysis, with all f its insights int humanity and values. T cultivate students’ literary attainment, I suggest the Literature sectin cnsist f five parts: petry, shrt stries. nvels, fantasies and dramas. And each weekday culd be paired with a certain genre. Varius activities culd be arranged t suit students’ needs. Fr example, a stage play r a reading sessin cncerning each genre culd be rganized t attract students’ interest.
What d yu think f my ideas? Lking frward t hearing yurs. Hpe we can prvide an enthralling experience fr all.
Yurs,
具体解析
第三节：(共5小题;每小题2分，共10分)
Ⅱ. 完形填空(共10小题;每小题1.5分，共15分)
1—5. BACAC 6—10. BDDAD
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了一个奇迹般的相遇，改变了两个人的生活。Sam因肾功能衰竭等待肾移植，而出租车司机Bill在得知Sam的情况后，主动提出捐献自己的肾脏。在经历了一系列检查和手术准备后，两人肾脏匹配成功，Sam成功接受了移植手术，重获新生。
【1题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：在此期间，他在移植名单上，但没有匹配的出现。A. taxis出租车；B. matches匹配；C. rders订单；D. patients病人。根据“He’d been suffering frm kidney (肾) failure since last year.”可知，自去年以来，Sam一直患有肾衰竭，可是没有与其相匹配的肾。故选B。
【2题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：尽管如此，他还是接受了订单，心想如果这位乘客是从医院来的，他可能需要搭车。A. Still尽管如此；B. Instead代替；C. Mrever此外；D. Therefre因此。根据“The trip was ut f Bill’s way.”可知，尽管这个行程不顺路，Bill还是接受了订单，因为他心想如果这位乘客是从医院来的，他可能需要搭车。故选A。
【3题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：Sam上了车，Bill看得出他很虚弱，但精神很好。A. angry生气的；B. afraid害怕的；C. weak虚弱的；D. frgetful健忘的。根据“but in gd spirits”可知，前后构成转折关系，即虽然虚弱，但是精神很好。故选C。
【4题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：Sam真的用正能量点亮了这辆车。A. lit up点亮；B. piled int堆进；C. fixed up修理；D. slwed dwn减慢。根据“with psitive energy,”可知，Sam真的用正能量点亮了这辆车。故选A。
【5题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：Bill开玩笑说他是一个很好的捐赠者候选人，因为他不喝酒也不抽烟。A. heard听到；B. recalled回忆；C. jked开玩笑；D. cmplained抱怨。根据“he’d be a gd dnr candidate because he didn’t drink r smke.”可知，Bill开玩笑说他是一个很好的捐赠者候选人，因为他不喝酒也不抽烟。故选C。
【6题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：Bill相信要帮助别人，所以捐肾一直是他的心头大事。A. treating治疗；B. helping帮助；C. accepting接受；D. encuraging鼓励。根据“s dnating a kidney was smething always n his mind.”可知，因为Bill认为捐肾一直是他的心头大事（心系捐肾），Bill是一直相信要帮助别人。故选B。
【7题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：当他们交换联系方式时，他抖得很厉害，连自己的名字都写不出来。A. discussed讨论；B. repeated重复；C. cmpared比较；D. exchanged交换。根据“cntact infrmatin”可知，当他们交换联系方式时，他抖得很厉害，连自己的名字都写不出来。故选D。
【8题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在最初的兴奋之后，Sam开始感到不那么乐观了，他怀疑这是否只是一个情绪化的时刻。A. curius好奇；B. dubtful怀疑；C. hesitant犹豫；D. ptimistic乐观。根据“After the initial excitement,”可知, 在最初的兴奋之后，Sam开始感到不那么乐观了，因为他怀疑这只是一个情绪化的时刻。故选D。
【9题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但Bill是信守诺言的。A. true真实的；B. clse接近；C. related相关的；D. blind瞎的。根据“He cntacted the hspital sn.”可知，Bill信守承诺，联系医院捐肾。故选A。
【10题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：然后他们做了手术，手术很成功。A. waste浪费；B. hnr荣誉；C. mistake错误；D. success成功。根据“Tday, Sam is ding well. And the tw men still keep in tuch.”可知，他们做了手术，并且手术也很成功。故选D。
Ⅲ. 阅读理解(共两节，38分)
A
11—13. CCB
【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章旨在介绍灯塔图书项目（The Lighthuse Bk Prject），这是一个为期两年的密集写作计划，旨在帮助撰写长篇手稿的作家们完成他们的作品。
【11题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章的第一段中提到“The Lighthuse Bk Prject is an intensive, tw-year prgram. It is aimed at giving writers f bk-length manuscripts (文稿) the classes, advice, and mral supprt they need t draft, revise, and—mst imprtantly—finish. (灯塔图书计划是一个为期两年的密集项目。它的目的是给作者的书长度的手稿的课程，建议和精神支持，他们需要起草，修改，最重要的是完成。)”可知，灯塔图书项目是一个为期两年的密集计划，旨在帮助作家完成他们的作品。因此，该项目承诺参与者在两年内完成写作工作。故选C。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章“Cmpnents f applicatins”部分中“a writing sample up t 30 pages, a prject utline, tw t three recmmendatin letters frm yur current r frmer writing instructrs, and a shrt persnal statement.( 一份30页的写作样本，一个项目大纲，两到三封现任或前任写作导师的推荐信，以及一份简短的个人陈述。)”可知，申请参加灯塔图书项目需要提交的材料包括：一份最多30页的写作样本、项目大纲、来自现任或前任写作导师的两到三封推荐信以及一份简短的个人陈述。因此，成为灯塔图书项目的参与者需要提交个人陈述，即需要陈述个人信息。故选C。
【13题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章的第一段中提到“The Lighthuse Bk Prject is an intensive, tw-year prgram. It is aimed at giving writers f bk-length manuscripts (文稿) the classes, advice, and mral supprt they need t draft, revise, and—mst imprtantly—finish. (灯塔图书计划是一个为期两年的密集项目。它的目的是给作者的书长度的手稿的课程，建议和精神支持，他们需要起草，修改，最重要的是完成。)”以及通读全文可知，文章主要介绍了灯塔图书项目（The Lighthuse Bk Prject），包括它的目标、好处、申请条件和学费等。因此，文章的主要目的是推广这个项目，以吸引更多的作家参与。B选项“T prmte a prgram.(推广一个项目)”符合题意。故选B。
B
14--17. DBAC
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了一位名叫Mrag Warrack的66岁女性，在退休后开始练习Aikid，并最终在2021年获得了黑带资格，成为英国达到该级别年龄最大的女性之一。她的经历表现了Aikid不仅对身体有好处，还能增强信心和自我意识，她在练习中克服了困难和挑战，展示了坚韧和毅力。
【14题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段中“ “When entering the classrm, I was terrified and thught all these men wuld be shcked by an ld wman walking in,” she says. (她说：“当我走进教室时，我吓坏了，我想所有这些男人都会被一个老妇人走进来吓一跳。”)” 可知，Mrag Warrack在文章中提到当她第一次进入Aikid教室时，她感到害怕，并认为所有的男人都会对一个老太太的进入感到震惊。因此，她第一次进入空手道教室时的感受是害怕，故选D。
【15题详解】
推理判断题。第三段中“Warrack carried n and, after tw years f practice, she began mving up the graded system f belt rankings and nticing a change in herself. “Aikid was making me way mre cnfident,” she says, “Since my reactins gt quicker, my balance was better and my crdinatin (协调性) imprved, I had a real understanding f my wn bdy and it became a metaphr (比喻) fr hw t be in life; hw t avid attack withut hurting the ther persn.”(Warrack继续练习，在两年的训练后，她开始在腰带等级制度中升级，并注意到自己发生了变化。她说：“Aikid让我变得更加自信，因为我的反应更快了，平衡感更好，协调性也提高了，我真正理解了自己的身体，它成为了一个生活的隐喻，即如何在避免伤害他人的同时避免受到攻击。”)”可知，经过两年的练习，Warrack在腰带等级制度中开始上升，并且注意到了自己的变化。她变得更加自信，反应更快，平衡更好，协调性也提高了。这表明她成为了一个更好的自己。故选B。
【16题详解】
细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中“By January 2019, Warrack was determined t achieve her black belt and began training with the nly ther persn in her class wh was at the same level as her: a 181cm plice fficer. (到2019年1月，Warrack决心达到黑带水平，并开始和班里唯一一个和她水平相同的人一起训练：一个身高181cm的警察。)”可知，她在2019年决定获得黑带，并开始与班上唯一一个和她水平一样的人（一位181厘米的警察）一起训练。这表示她需要更深入地磨练自己的技能以达到黑带的水平。选A.
【17题详解】
推理判断题。文章中讲述了Mrag Warrack在退休后开始学习Aikid，并成功获得了黑带的故事。这表明无论何时学习都是一件好事，因此C选项“It’s always a gd time t learn.(无论何时去学习都是好的。)”符合文章的主旨。故选C。
C
18—20. ACB
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章探讨了大脑中的一个特定区域（vmPFC）如何帮助我们将现在的记忆与未来的自我记忆结合起来，从而维持我们的身份感。这项研究发现加深了我们对大脑如何塑造和维持我们当前身份的理解。
【18题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第三段中“ It was discvered that peple in the cntrl grup culd recall mre adjectives linked t themselves than adjectives linked t the celebrity. Hwever, the participants with vmPFC lesins had little r n ability t recall references t the self, regardless f the cntext f time. Their identificatin f adjectives fr celebrities was als cmparatively weak. (研究发现，对照组的人能回忆起更多与自身相关的形容词，而不是与名人相关的形容词。然而，vmPFC损伤的参与者几乎无法回忆起与自身相关的引用，无论时间背景如何。他们对名人的形容词识别能力也相对较弱。)”可知，当人们在这个区域（vmPFC）受伤时，他们几乎无法回忆起与自身相关的引用，无论时间背景如何会导致身份感的受损。这与选项A的描述“peple with vmPFC lesins have a brken sense f identity (vmPFC损伤的人失去了身份感)”相符。故选A。
【19题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段中“These findings are intriguing, fr the study helps us understand hw self-related memries depend n the functin f the vmPFC. (这些发现很有趣，因为这项研究帮助我们理解自我相关的记忆是如何依赖于vmPFC的功能的。)”可知，作者认为这些发现很有趣，因为这项研究帮助我们理解自我相关记忆如何依赖于vmPFC的功能，这说明作者对于vmPFC研究的发现持肯定态度。因此，作者对于vmPFC研究的发现持赞成态度。C选项“apprving(支持的)”与作者态度相一致。故选C。
【20题详解】
主旨大意题。通读全文，文章主要讨论了vmPFC区域如何帮助我们将现在的记忆与未来的自我记忆结合起来，以维持我们的身份感。B选项“Creating Our Sense f Self(创造我们的自我意识)”最能概括文章的主旨，符合文章标题。故选B。
D
21—24. DDCA
【导语】本文是一篇议论文。本文探讨了随着技术进步而出现的能源浪费现象，特别是所谓的“杰文斯悖论”，即随着能源使用效率的提高，人们并未因此减少能源消耗，反而因为商品变得更加便宜和高效而增加了消费。
【21题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段中“With its 1.2 millin LED lights shining brightly against the Las Vegas night, the Las Vegas Sphere may well be the ultimate symbl f 2020s veruse. But that gigantic entertainment space is als smething else: a symbl f the cming cnflict between ur climate gals and ur seemingly insatiable (永不满足) appetite fr stuff. (120万盏LED灯在拉斯维加斯的夜空下闪闪发光，拉斯维加斯球体很可能是本世纪20年代过度使用的终极象征。但这个巨大的娱乐空间也有别的含义：它象征着我们的气候目标与我们似乎无法满足的物质欲望之间即将发生的冲突。)”可知，拉斯维加斯球体是2020年代过度使用的终极象征，同时也是我们气候目标与我们似乎永不满足的物质欲望之间即将发生的冲突的象征。因此，作者提到拉斯维加斯球体是为了表达一种担忧。故选D。
【22题详解】
词义猜测题。根据划线词后文的句子“Tday’s car engines require less fuel, even thugh Americans n average nw drive lnger distances in heavier cars. Hwever, the bad news is that the Jevns Paradx seems t be hard-wired int us. There are few examples thrughut histry f peple willingly cnsuming less energy, either fr mral r envirnmental reasns. (今天的汽车发动机需要更少的燃料，尽管美国人现在平均驾驶更重的汽车行驶更远的距离。然而，坏消息是，杰文斯悖论似乎与我们根深蒂固。纵观历史，人们出于道德或环境原因愿意减少能源消耗的例子很少。)”可知，尽管技术进步带来了能效提升，但由于人们的需求总是难以满足，很少有人愿意主动减少能源消耗即在一些情况下技术带来了效率的提高，但由于人们的需求总是难以满足，这些提升无法完全抵消总体能源消耗的增加。因此，划线词与D选项“Wipe ut(抵消)”为同义词。故选D。
【23题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段中“There’s an ecnmic term fr this: the Jevns Paradx, named fr the 19th-century English ecnmist William Stanley Jevns, wh nticed that as steam engines became ever mre efficient, Britain’s appetite fr cal increased rather than decreased. The lgic f Jevns is that instead f banking the efficiency savings we make as technlgy advances, we g ut and spend it. ( 对此有一个经济学术语：杰文斯悖论(Jevns Paradx)，以19世纪英国经济学家威廉·斯坦利·杰文斯(William Stanley Jevns)的名字命名。他注意到，随着蒸汽机的效率越来越高，英国对煤炭的需求非但没有减少，反而增加了。杰文斯的逻辑是，我们不是把随着技术进步而节省下来的效率存起来，而是走出去花掉。)”可知，随着技术的进步，能源消耗实际上在增长，而不是减少。特别是提到了杰文斯悖论（Jevns Paradx），即随着蒸汽机等技术的效率提高，能源消耗并没有减少，反而因为商品变得更加便宜和高效而增加了。因此，我们可以得出结论，能源消耗随着技术的进步而增长。故选C。
【24题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段中“A mre innvative answer cmes frm Rb West, funder and chief executive f Thunder Said Energy. Having spent years dcumenting the Jevns Paradx and finding it far mre widespread than ecnmists predicted, he thinks the best hpe we have is t fight Jevns with Jevns. That means applying the idea that cnsumptin increases as gds becme cheaper and mre efficient t ur prductin f energy. In ther wrds, the future lies nt in ratining (定量供应) energy and hping humans suddenly change their behavir, but in ensuring any energy we use is as green and attractive as pssible. (来自Thunder Said Energy的创始人兼首席执行官罗布·韦斯特（Rb West）给出了一个更具创新性的答案。他花了几年的时间来记录杰文斯悖论（Jevns Paradx），并发现这个悖论比经济学家预测的要普遍得多。他认为，我们最好的希望就是用杰文斯悖论来对抗杰文斯悖论。这意味着，随着商品变得更加便宜和高效，消费也会增加，我们将这种思想应用到能源生产中。换句话说，未来不在于对能源进行配给，并希望人类突然改变他们的行为，而在于确保我们使用的任何能源都尽可能地绿色和吸引人。)”可知，Rb West认为对抗杰文斯悖论的最好希望是用杰文斯悖论本身来对抗它，这意味着应用商品变得更便宜和更高效时消费增加的观念到我们的能源生产上。这意味着未来的出路不在于定量供应能源和寄望于人类突然改变行为，而在于确保我们使用的任何能源都尽可能环保和吸引人。因此，他认为提高能源效率是解决问题的关键。故选A。
第二节(共5小题;每小题2分，共10分)
25--29. FBCGD
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章的主旨是讨论高度敏感人群（HSP）的特点以及不敏感性的力量。
【25题详解】
根据前文“Highly sensitive persn, r HSP, is a term cined by psychlgist Elaine Arn. Accrding t research, in every five peple, there’s ne HSP. (高敏感者，简称HSP，是心理学家伊莱恩·阿伦创造的一个术语。根据研究，每五个人中就有一个高敏感人群。)”以及后文“HSPs have strng self-cnsciusness; they may struggle t adapt t new circumstances, demnstrate seemingly inapprpriate emtinal respnses in scial situatins, and easily becme uncmfrtable in respnse t light, sund r certain physical sensatins. (高敏感人群自我意识强;他们可能难以适应新环境，在社交场合表现出看似不恰当的情绪反应，并且很容易对光线、声音或某些身体感觉做出不舒服的反应。)”可知，前文提出每五个人中就有一个高敏感人群，后文描述了HSP的一些特点，如强烈的自我意识、难以适应新环境、在社交场合表现出看似不适当的情绪反应等。故设空处应该对这些挑战进行总结概括。F选项“Being a highly sensitive persn can cme with many challenges.(作为一个高度敏感的人会面临许多挑战。)” 对前文内容的总结，符合语境。故选F。
【26题详解】
根据前文“HSPs have strng self-cnsciusness; they may struggle t adapt t new circumstances, demnstrate seemingly inapprpriate emtinal respnses in scial situatins, and easily becme uncmfrtable in respnse t light, sund r certain physical sensatins. (高敏感人群自我意识强;他们可能难以适应新环境，在社交场合表现出看似不恰当的情绪反应，并且很容易对光线、声音或某些身体感觉做出不舒服的反应。)”可知，HSP人群面临着诸多挑战。B选项“That’s where the need t be insensitive cmes frm.( 这就是需要不敏感性的原因所在)”与前文关于HSP面临的挑战相呼应，指出“不敏感性”是解决HSP人群面临挑战的措施，同时引出了下文对不敏感性的讨论。故选B。
【27题详解】
根据前文“The pwer f insensitivity can be interpreted as “sluggish (迟缓的) pwer”. Usually, peple assciate “insensitivity” with smething bad, but insensitivity des nt equal dullness. (不敏感的力量可以解释为“迟钝的力量”。通常，人们把“不敏感”和不好的事情联系在一起，但不敏感并不等于迟钝。)”可知，此处提到不敏感性被视为一种“迟钝的力量”，人们通常把“不敏感”和不好的事情联系在一起。而“迟钝的力量”即不敏感性是解决HSP人群面临挑战的措施，因此后文应该对其真正的含义进行解释。C选项“It emphasizes determinatin when it cmes t difficulties.(当遇到困难时，它强调决心)”强调当遇到困难时，“不敏感性”强调的是决心，与后文的“That is, calmly facing the setbacks and dwntime in life and firmly mving twards ne’s wn directin. (就是坦然面对生活中的挫折和停歇，坚定地朝着自己的方向前进。)”在面对生活中的挫折和低谷时，能够冷静地面对并坚定地走向自己的方向相呼应。C选项中的it指代前文的The pwer f insensitivity，与前后文形成呼应，符合语境。故选C。
【28题详解】
根据后文“ One f the imprtant reasns is that behind insensitivity is strng self-awareness r self-cnfidence. (一个重要的原因是，不敏感的背后是强烈的自我意识或自信。)”可知，此处强调不敏感的背后是强烈的自我意识或自信。G选项“Why can insensitivity allw a persn t better adapt in a cmpetitive envirnment?( 为什么不敏感性可以让一个人在竞争环境中更好地适应？)”是一个引导句，引出了下文对“不敏感性”在竞争环境中的作用的讨论。后文提到了不敏感性背后的原因之一是强大的自我意识或自信，这与G选项中的问题相呼应。
故选G。
【29题详解】
根据前文“Additinally, set clear bundaries. (另外，设定清晰的界限。)”可知，此处强调与他人设定清晰的界限。D选项“Avid fcusing t much n what thers are ding r thinking.( 避免过分关注别人在做什么或想什么)”与前文提到的“设置明确的界限”相呼应。这里建议人们不要过于关注他人的事务，设置界限以保护自己免受外界压力的影响。这与D选项中的建议相符。故选D。
第Ⅱ卷(共57分)
Ⅰ. 选词填空(共5小题;每小题2分，共10分)
30. intelligence 31. emtinal 32. warning 33. dramatic 34. annyed
【30题详解】
考查名词。句意：近年来，你可能读过关于人工智能创造自己的艺术的新闻，比如绘画。句中表示“人工智能”使用固定短语artificial intelligence，使用名词作宾语。故填intelligence。
【31题详解】
考查形容词。句意：宠物通常是为家庭提供情感支持的人。设空处使用emtin的形容词emtinal作定语，修饰名词，意为“情感的”。故填emtinal。
【32题详解】
考查名词。句意：香烟包装上有健康警告——“吸烟有害健康”。设空处使用warn的名词warning作宾语，意为“警告”。故填warning。
【33题详解】
考查形容词。句意：美国短篇小说作家欧·亨利以其引人入胜的情节和戏剧性的结局而闻名。设空处使用drama的形容词dramatic作定语，修饰名词，意为“戏剧性的，引人入胜的”。故填dramatic。
【34题详解】
考查形容词。句意：他对我的粗心大意很生气。设空处使用anny的形容词annyed作表语，意为“使人感到恼怒的”。故填annyed。
Ⅱ. 语法填空(共10小题;每小题1.5分，共15分)
A
【答案】35. remembers 36. frm 37. have becme
【导语】本文是一篇议论文，本文讨论了科技进步给作者生活带来的积极变化和负面影响。
【35题详解】
考查动词时态。句意：我的电视甚至记得我昨天看了多久，即使我不记得！设空处使用动词作谓语，根据前文的surprise和delight以及句意，可知句子表述客观事实，故使用一般现在时。故填remembers。
【36题详解】
考查介词。句意：我可以看到我的披萨从餐厅到我家的整个旅程！句中frm…t…为固定短语，意为“从……到……”。故frm。
【37题详解】
考查动词时态。句意：在过去的20年里，我变得对过去不存在的问题感到焦虑，对过去从未做过的选择犹豫不决。句中ver the past 20 years为现在完成时时间标志，表示“在过去的20年里”。故填have becme。
B
【答案】38. was held 39. that##wh 40. herself 41. T ensure
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章介绍了一次名为“敦煌之花”的展览，该展览上月在中国国家美术馆举行，回顾了中国著名艺术家常沙娜60年的艺术生涯。
【38题详解】
考查动词时态和语态。句意：“敦煌之花”展览上个月在中国美术馆举行。设空处使用动词作谓语，句中last mnth为一般过去时时间标志，同时exhibitin与hld之间是被动关系，故使用一般过去时的被动语态。故填was held。
39题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：她对敦煌的热爱源于她的父亲，他也是一位著名的艺术家。设空处引导的是限制性定语从句，引导词在从句中作主语，修饰先行词her father，指人，故使用that或者wh。故填that或者wh。
【40题详解】
考查代词。句意：常沙娜一直致力于保护敦煌艺术。devte neself t sth为固定短语，意为“致力于……”，使用反身代词作宾语。故填herself。
【41题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：为了确保千年艺术的延续，她现在正在与一个在线平台合作，以促进她的作品的销售。句中is wrking为谓语动词，设空处使用非谓语动词，此处表示目的，故使用不定式结构作状语。同时该空置于句首，开头单词首字母大写。故填T ensure。
C
【答案】42. happily 43. functining 44. why
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了一位与会者在讨论晚宴菜单时，经历了恐慌发作的经历。
【42题详解】
考查副词。句意：当我的与会者正在愉快地讨论晚餐菜单时，我正试图阻止恐慌发作。设空处使用happy的副词happily作状语，修饰动词，意为“愉快地”。故填happily。
【43题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：在小组讨论中，我的大脑停止了运作，恐慌取而代之。句中stp ding表示“停下来正在做的事”，使用动名词作宾语。故填functining。
【44题详解】
考查名词性从句。句意：多年来，我不知道自己为什么会有这种感觉。设空处引导的是宾语从句，此处表示“为什么”用why引导。故填why。
Ⅲ. 书面表达(共两节，32分)
【答案】45. Deliberate practice refers t a special type f practice that is purpseful and systematic.
46. The danger f mindless repetitin is that prgress becmes assumed.
47. Accrding t the passage, we pssess a remarkable ability t develp ur skills,s we can achieve any success thrugh deliberate practice；原因为：Accrding t the passage, while human beings d pssess a remarkable ability t develp their skills, genes put limits n hw far any individual can g.
48. I will break dwn the skill int parts, identify my weaknesses, test new strategies fr each sectin, and then integrate my learning int the verall prcess t imprve my perfrmance.
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述的是：刻意练习是一种特殊的练习方式，它需要有目的和系统的方法，集中的注意力和提高表现的具体目标。我们可以通过刻意练习来发展自己的技能。然而，这种练习并不意味着我们可以通过足够的工作和努力来塑造自己成为任何东西，因为基因对每个人能达到的极限有影响。
【45题详解】
考查细节理解。根据第二段中“Deliberate practice refers t a special type f practice that is purpseful and systematic. (刻意练习是指一种特殊的、有目的的、系统的练习。)”可知，刻意练习是指一种特殊的、有目的的、系统的练习。故答案为Deliberate practice refers t a special type f practice that is purpseful and systematic.
【46题详解】
考查细节理解。根据第三段中“Mindless activity is the enemy f deliberate practice. The danger f practicing the same thing again and again is that prgress becmes assumed. (无意识的活动是刻意练习的敌人。一遍又一遍地练习同样的事情的危险在于，你会想当然地认为自己取得了进步。)” 可知，无意识的重复练习的危险在于我们可能会误认为自己在进步，而实际上我们只是在加强当前的习惯，而没有改进它们。故答案为The danger f mindless repetitin is that prgress becmes assumed.
【47题详解】
考查推理判断。根据最后一段中“While human beings d pssess a remarkable ability t develp their skills, genes put limits n hw far any individual can g. But genetics d nt determine perfrmance. It is deliberate practice that can help us maximize ur ptential. It turns ptential int reality. (虽然人类确实拥有发展技能的非凡能力，但基因限制了个人的能力。但基因并不能决定成绩。刻意练习可以帮助我们最大限度地发挥我们的潜力。它把潜力变成现实。)” 可知，虽然人类具有非凡的发展技能的能力，但基因决定了个人可以达到的极限，因此不能通过刻意练习实现任何成功，可以联系可以最大限度的帮助我们发挥自己的潜力，把潜力变成现实。原句“Accrding t the passage, we pssess a remarkable ability t develp ur skills, s we can achieve any success thrugh deliberate practice.( 根据这篇文章，我们拥有一种非凡的能力来发展我们的技能，所以我们可以通过刻意的练习来取得任何成功。)”指出通过可以联系能够取得任何成功，“任何错误”表述错误，与原文信息不符，因为虽然人类具有非凡的发展技能的能力，但基因决定了个人可以达到的极限，因此不能通过刻意练习实现任何成功。故答案为Accrding t the passage, we pssess a remarkable ability t develp ur skills, s we can achieve any success thrugh deliberate practice；原因为：Accrding t the passage, while human beings d pssess a remarkable ability t develp their skills, genes put limits n hw far any individual can g.
【48题详解】
开放性题目。本题为开放性题目，回答言之有理即可。题目的内容是“Hw will yu use deliberate practice t develp ne f yur skills?( 你将如何通过刻意练习来发展你的一项技能?)”；本人认为我会将技能分解成几个部分，找出自己的弱点，针对每个部分测试新的策略，然后将我的学习融入到整体过程中，以提高我的表现。故答案为I will break dwn the skill int parts, identify my weaknesses, test new strategies fr each sectin, and then integrate my learning int the verall prcess t imprve my perfrmance.
第二节(20分)
【答案】Dear Jim,
Greetings! As we are c-rganizing the Literature Sectin fr the upcming Internatinal Culture Week, I’d like t share my initial ideas with yu.
Regarding the theme, I prpse we fcus n literary analysis, with all f its insights int humanity and values. T cultivate students’ literary attainment, I suggest the Literature sectin cnsist f five parts: petry, shrt stries. nvels, fantasies and dramas. And each weekday culd be paired with a certain genre. Varius activities culd be arranged t suit students’ needs. Fr example, a stage play r a reading sessin cncerning each genre culd be rganized t attract students’ interest.
What d yu think f my ideas? Lking frward t hearing yurs. Hpe we can prvide an enthralling experience fr all.
Yurs,
Li Hua
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。假设你是红星中学高二学生李华。你校学生会将要组织国际文化周活动，你和交换生Jim共同负责文学板块(Literature Sectin)的活动设计，要求考生用英文给Jim写一封邮件分享你的活动设计方案并相对方询问建议。
【详解】1.词汇积累
即将到来的：upcming→ frthcming
关于：regarding → cncerning
建议：suggest→ advise
例如：fr example→ fr instance
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：Varius activities culd be arranged t suit students’ needs.
拓展句：Varius activities culd be arranged t suit students’ needs, which is really necessary fr the success f this activity.
【点睛】【高分句型1】As we are c-rganizing the Literature Sectin fr the upcming Internatinal Culture Week, I’d like t share my initial ideas with yu.（运用了as引导的原因状语从句）
【高分句型2】Fr example, a stage play r a reading sessin cncerning each genre culd be rganized t attract students’ interest.（运用了含有情态动词的被动语态结构culd be rganized以及不定式作目的状语）
Hw t Practice Self-Care
Get enugh 11 .
● Make sure yu dn’t stay up t late.
● Keep yur bedrm cmfrtable, 12 and free f distractins.
Stay fit thrugh exercise.
● Start by understanding the many benefits f exercise.
● 13 an activity yu enjy.
14 and reduce stress.
● Identify what yu have cntrl ver.
● Talk with peple yu 15 .
anny, warn, drama, intelligent, emtin
本试卷共14页，共140分。考试时长120分钟。考生务必将答案写在答题卡上，在试卷上作答无效。
第Ⅰ卷(共83分)
Ⅰ. 听力理解(共三节，30分)
第一节：(共4小题;每小题2分，共8分)
听下面四段对话，每段对话后有一道小题，从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。每段对话你将听一遍。
1. Where is Daisy frm?
A. America. B. Italy. C. Greece.
2. What des the wman plan t d during the summer vacatin?
A. G t Paris. B. Visit her cusins. C. Start a night schl.
3. Wh will give the reprt n Friday?
A. The man. B. The wman. C. The wman’s assistant.
4. Where will the man have dinner?
A. In his hme. B. At his aunt’s place. C. In his grandfather’s huse.
第二节：(共6小题;每小题2分，共12分)
听下面三段对话或独白，每段对话或独白后有两道小题，从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。每段对话或独白你将听两遍。
听第5段材料，回答第5至第6小题。
5. Why can’t the man attend the event?
A Because he desn’t knw hw t help.
B. Because he thinks it is nthing serius.
C. Because he has a family emergency t handle.
6. What will the man prbably d next?
A. Accept dnatins. B. Help ut in ther ways. C. Send the wman mre infrmatin.
听第6段材料，回答第7至第8小题。
7. What d we knw abut the wman?
A. She’ll g t university. B. She jined the cmpany. C. She has wrk experience.
8. What’s the wman mst prbably ding?
A. Chatting nline. B. Asking fr advice. C. Taking an interview.
听第7段材料，回答第9至第10小题。
9 Where shuld students g if they’re interested in healthcare?
A. T the Schl Gym. B. T N.1 Lecture Hall. C. T N.2 Lecture Hall.
10. Why des the speaker give this talk?
A. T intrduce an activity.
B T share persnal experiences.
C. T give advice n career chices.
第三节：(共5小题;每小题2分，共10分)
听下面一段独白，根据题目要求在相应的横线上写下第11题至第15题的关键信息。每小题仅填写一个词。这段独白你将听两遍。
Ⅱ. 完形填空(共10小题;每小题1.5分，共15分)
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该选项涂黑。
Sam was waiting fr a taxi at the hspital. He had bked it n the phne after his medical treatment. He’d been suffering frm kidney (肾) failure since last year. During this time, he was n the transplant list, but n____1____ appeared.
Bill was driving t visit a friend when his phne rang with the request fr Sam’s ride hme. The trip was ut f Bill’s way. ____2____, he tk the rder, figuring if the passenger was cming frm a hspital, he likely needed a ride.
When Sam gt int the car, Bill culd see he was ____3____ but in gd spirits. As the tw set ut, they began chatting.
“Sam really ____4____ the car with psitive energy,” said Bill, wh talked a lt with Sam. He learnt Sam had enjyed vlunteering in the cmmunity, but he was ding less because f the treatments. Then Sam revealed he was searching fr a kidney dnr. Bill ____5____ he’d be a gd dnr candidate because he didn’t drink r smke. Sam agreed, thugh he didn’t think much f it. Bill, hwever, culdn’t stp thinking abut it.
Bill believed in ____6____ thers, s dnating a kidney was smething always n his mind. Plus, he already liked and respected Sam. When appraching the destinatin, Bill repeated, “I’d see if I culd be a match t give yu a kidney.”
“I was shcked,” Sam recalled. He was shaking s hard that he culd barely write his name when they ____7____ cntact infrmatin. Once inside his hme, he excitedly tld his wife, “The taxi driver ffered his kidney t me!”
After the initial excitement, Sam started feeling less ____8____, wndering if it had just been an emtinal mment. Wuld he hear frm him?
But Bill was ____9____ t his wrd. He cntacted the hspital sn. After a lng prcess, the results came: They were a perfect match. Then they had their surgery, which was a(n) _____10_____. Tday, Sam is ding well. And the tw men still keep in tuch.
Miraculusly, a chance encunter turned ut t be a life-saving ride.
1. A. taxisB. matchesC. rdersD. patients
2. A. StillB. InsteadC. MreverD. Therefre
3. A. angryB. afraidC. weakD. frgetful
4. A. lit upB. piled intC. fixed upD. slwed dwn
5. A. heardB. recalledC. jkedD. cmplained
6. A. treatingB. helpingC. acceptingD. encuraging
7. A. discussedB. repeatedC. cmparedD. exchanged
8. A. curiusB. dubtfulC. hesitantD. ptimistic
9. A. trueB. clseC. relatedD. blind
10. A. wasteB. hnrC. mistakeD. success
Ⅲ. 阅读理解(共两节，38分)
第一节(共14小题;每小题2分，共28分)
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
The Lighthuse Bk Prject is an intensive, tw-year prgram. It is aimed at giving writers f bk-length manuscripts (文稿) the classes, advice, and mral supprt they need t draft, revise, and — mst imprtantly — finish. Whether yu’re wrking n a nvel, shrt stry cllectin, r narrative nnfictin, ur prgram guides will wrk clsely with yu t chart a path thrugh yur prject. And at the end f tw years, yu’ll have a manuscript yu can be prud f and a supprt team ready t help yu take the next steps.
Benefits
● Individualized guidance: Yu’ll meet yur guide n a regular basis t check yur prgress, review drafts f yur wrk, and set gals fr the future, keeping yu accuntable and n track thrughut the prgram.
● Intensives: Three times a year, the Bk Prject participants gather fr a weekend f classes led by special guest authrs and ur publishing expert, grup meetings, participant readings, great meals and plenty f scial time.
● Manuscript feedback: Yu’ll receive detailed feedback n yur manuscript frm yur guide and then a secnd thrugh examinatin f yur cmplete manuscript frm a secnd reader, chsen frm ur list f Lighthuse teachers and many ther famus writers.
Applicatins and Tuitin
● Applicatins: Applicatins are available starting April 1, and the deadline t apply is June 22 every year. Each guide accepts six applicants, fr a ttal f 36 participating writers.
● Cmpnents f applicatins: a writing sample up t 30 pages, a prject utline, tw t three recmmendatin letters frm yur current r frmer writing instructrs, and a shrt persnal statement.
● Tuitin: $8,580 per year, r $715 per mnth. Partial tuitin assistance is available thrugh ur Bk Prject Fellwship.
Since 2019, we’ve seen deals signed fr thirteen bks frm ur Bk Prject participants. They’ve had nnfictin, shrt stry cllectins, nvels, and middle-grade wrks signed by the best publishers. Will yu be next?
11. The Lighthuse Bk Prject prmises that participants will ________.
A. get their bks published eventually
B. meet their guides whenever necessary
C. finish writing their wrks within 2 years
D. receive feedback nly frm famus writers
12. T be a participant f the Lighthuse Bk Prject, yu need t ________.
A. apply befre April 1B. pay $715 fr ne year
C. state yur persnal infrmatinD. prepare yur nvel up t 36 pages
13. What is the main purpse f the passage?
A. T assess new writers.B. T prmte a prgram.
C. T cmpare different prjects.D. T intrduce the best publisher.
B
In 2014, a year int her retirement, Mrag Warrack fund herself in a village hall in the Surrey hills, surrunded by middle-aged men thrwing each ther n t the flr. “When entering the classrm, I was terrified and thught all these men wuld be shcked by an ld wman walking in,” she says. “The teacher encuraged me t stay and I realized they were all kind and curius abut me being there. That was my first experience f learning aikid.”
At 59, Warrack, wh had recently handed in her resignatin, began reading up n mindfulness practices. “The mre I lked int mindfulness, the mre aikid kept cming up,” she says. “These bks were recmmending it as a way t cnnect the mind, bdy and spirit.”
Attracted by the idea, Warrack fund a lcal class where she culd take a beginners’ sessin. Despite her struggles, Warrack kept returning. While her husband and tw children were supprtive, they weren’t tempted t jin in. “They just thught: Mum’s ff n ne again,” she says. Warrack carried n and, after tw years f practice, she began mving up the graded system f belt rankings and nticing a change in herself. “Aikid was making me way mre cnfident,” she says, “Since my reactins gt quicker, my balance was better and my crdinatin (协调性) imprved, I had a real understanding f my wn bdy and it became a metaphr (比喻) fr hw t be in life; hw t avid attack withut hurting the ther persn.”
By January 2019, Warrack was determined t achieve her black belt and began training with the nly ther persn in her class wh was at the same level as her: a 181cm plice fficer. “It was a very dd pairing. Nt least because he’s s strng and s I had t learn hw t use my skills rather than strength against him,” she says.
In December 2021, Warrack, at the age f 66, tk her black belt test. Fr 20 minutes, she had t defend her psitin against attackers ne after anther befre facing the final randri, where fur peple attack at nce. “One guy kicked me and split my lip,” she laughs. “It made me s angry, but that’s what I needed t keep ging.” She passed, making her ne f the ldest peple t achieve an aikid black belt in the UK.
14. Hw did Mrag Warrack feel when she first entered the aikid classrm?
A. Curius.B. Disappinted.C. Cnfident.D. Frightened.
15. After tw years f practice, Warrack ________.
A. grew mre patientB. turned int a better self
C. realized her full ptentialD. became aware f her weakness
16. In rder t achieve her black belt, Warrack had t ________.
A. plish her skills furtherB. imprve her crdinatin
C. avid hurting the attackersD. seek supprt frm her family
17. What can we learn frm this passage?
A. With age cmes wisdm.B. The greatest wealth is health.
C. It’s always a gd time t learn.D. Cmpete with hnr and win with grace.
C
Our travels are nt limited t physical time. We als experience mental time travel. We visit the past thrugh ur memries and then jurney int the future by imagining what tmrrw r next year might bring. When we d s, we think f urselves as we are nw, remember wh we nce were and envisin hw we will be.
A recent study explres hw ne particular brain regin helps t knit tgether memries f the present and future selves. When peple sustain an injury t this area, it leads t a damaged sense f identity. The regin, called vmPFC, may prduce a fundamental mdel f the persn and place it in mental time. When the regin des s, it may be the surce f ur sense f self. It’s als fund that memries that reference the self are easier t recall. They benefit frm what researchers have called a self-reference effect.
In the study, the researchers used the self-reference effect t assess memries f present and future selves amng peple wh had brain lesins (损伤) t the vmPFC. The scientists wrked with peple with vmPFC lesins, then cmpared them with a cntrl grup made up f peple with injuries t ther parts f the brain and healthy individuals. They were asked t list adjectives t describe themselves and a celebrity, bth in the present and future. Later, they had t recall these same traits. It was discvered that peple in the cntrl grup culd recall mre adjectives linked t themselves than adjectives linked t the celebrity. Hwever, the participants with vmPFC lesins had little r n ability t recall references t the self, regardless f the cntext f time. Their identificatin f adjectives fr celebrities was als cmparatively weak.
These findings are intriguing, fr the study helps us understand hw self-related memries depend n the functin f the vmPFC. But what abut ur past selves? Previus studies asked peple t cnsider their past selves, but there was n evidence f the self-reference effect. Our past selves seem freign t us, as if they were individuals apart frm us.
One idea that scientists have put frward t understand this distinctin is that perhaps we are nt very kind in ur judgments f ur past selves. Instead we may be rather critical f ur previus behavir, emtins and persnal traits. We may use ur past primarily t cnstruct a mre psitive self-image in the present. Put anther way, because we may recgnize flaws (瑕疵) in ur past self’s behavir, we tend t distance urselves frm the persn we nce were.
Therefre, bringing the present and future int the sptlight is central t understanding the way ur brain and thughts shape ur current selves. And with the research, we have a better idea abut the way a small regin within ur brain is able t build and hld the cre ability t maintain ur identity.
18. Frm the passage, we can learn that ________.
A. peple with vmPFC lesins have a brken sense f identity
B. vmPFC-injured peple recall celebrities better than thers d
C. the self-reference effect plays a vital rle in cnsidering past self
D peple tend t accept past self after realizing their previus faults
19. As fr the findings f the recent study n vmPFC, the authr is ________.
A. criticalB. dubtfulC. apprvingD. uncncerned
20. Which f the fllwing wuld be the best title fr the passage?
A. Testing Our MemriesB. Creating Our Sense f Self
C. The Pwer f Self-Reference EffectD. The Imprtance f Mental Time Travel
D
With its 1.2 millin LED lights shining brightly against the Las Vegas night, the Las Vegas Sphere may well be the ultimate symbl f 2020s veruse. But that gigantic entertainment space is als smething else: a symbl f the cming cnflict between ur climate gals and ur seemingly insatiable (永不满足) appetite fr stuff.
In the 1990s, multiclr LED lights were invented t prevent climate disasters by greatly reducing the amunt f electricity we use. After all, LED lights use 90 percent less energy and last arund 18 times lnger than incandescent bulbs (白炽灯). Yet the amunt f electricity we cnsume fr light glbally is rughly the same tday as it was in 2010. That’s partly because f ppulatin and ecnmic grwth in the develping wrld. But anther big reasn is that as technlgy has advanced, we’ve nly grwn mre wasteful.
There’s an ecnmic term fr this: the Jevns Paradx, named fr the 19th-century English ecnmist William Stanley Jevns, wh nticed that as steam engines became ever mre efficient, Britain’s appetite fr cal increased rather than decreased. The lgic f Jevns is that instead f banking the efficiency savings we make as technlgy advances, we g ut and spend it.
Tday, yu can see examples f the Paradx everywhere. When residents in England installed hme insulatin, their verall heating energy demand sn rebunded, ending up at abut the same level as it was befre: The residents had apparently chsen t turn up their thermstats (温控器) and live in warmer hmes.
The gd news is that in sme cases the efficiency gains are s great that even ur insatiable appetite fr new stuff cannt cmpletely negate them. Tday’s car engines require less fuel, even thugh Americans n average nw drive lnger distances in heavier cars. Hwever, the bad news is that the Jevns Paradx seems t be hard-wired int us. There are few examples thrughut histry f peple willingly cnsuming less energy, either fr mral r envirnmental reasns.
Fr sme, the slutin is bvius: Gvernments must d mre t limit ur energy use, perhaps thrugh regulatins r taxes. A glbal carbn tax wuld help—thugh the chances f establishing ne remain slim. A mre innvative answer cmes frm Rb West, funder and chief executive f Thunder Said Energy. Having spent years dcumenting the Jevns Paradx and finding it far mre widespread than ecnmists predicted, he thinks the best hpe we have is t fight Jevns with Jevns. That means applying the idea that cnsumptin increases as gds becme cheaper and mre efficient t ur prductin f energy. In ther wrds, the future lies nt in ratining (定量供应) energy and hping humans suddenly change their behavir, but in ensuring any energy we use is as green and attractive as pssible.
21. Why des the authr mentin the Las Vegas Sphere?
A. T highlight a space.B. T predict an ending.
C T prvide a slutin.D. T express a cncern.
22. What des the underlined wrd “negate” in Paragraph 5 mst prbably mean?
A. Put ff.B. Break dwn.C. Push up.D. Wipe ut.
23. What can we learn frm the passage?
A. The Jevns Paradx requires mre examples.
B. Envirnmental awareness is hard-wired in humans.
C. Energy cnsumptin grws as technlgy advances.
D. Efficiency gains guarantee the realizatin f climate gals.
24. Which f the fllwing statements wuld Rb West mst prbably agree with?
A. The slutin is always t further energy efficiency.
B. A glbal carbn tax has aided in limiting energy use.
C. Humans are eager t change their cnsumptin behavir.
D. Ecnmists have verestimated the effect f the Jevns Paradx.
第二节(共5小题;每小题2分，共10分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。选项中共有两项为多余选项。
Highly sensitive persn, r HSP, is a term cined by psychlgist Elaine Arn. Accrding t research, in every five peple, there’s ne HSP. ____25____ HSPs have strng self-cnsciusness; they may struggle t adapt t new circumstances, demnstrate seemingly inapprpriate emtinal respnses in scial situatins, and easily becme uncmfrtable in respnse t light, sund r certain physical sensatins. ____26____
The pwer f insensitivity can be interpreted as “sluggish (迟缓的) pwer”. Usually, peple assciate “insensitivity” with smething bad, but insensitivity des nt equal dullness. ____27____ That is, calmly facing the setbacks and dwntime in life and firmly mving twards ne’s wn directin. It is the “means and wisdm t win a better life”, as a Japanese authr writes in the bk The Pwer f Insensitivity. Accrding t him, the wrld will be better if we fcus n the majr gals and stay insensitive t anything else.
____28____ One f the imprtant reasns is that behind insensitivity is strng self-awareness r self-cnfidence. Knwing yurself is difficult, but knwing yurself crrectly is undubtedly an excellent ability. One f the qualities shared by many successful peple is: they all clearly knw where their strengths are, what they want, and what directin t g.
T practice insensitivity, the first step is t avid verthinking. Resist the urge t veranalyze situatins, and redirect yur fcus twards actinable steps within yur cntrl. Secndly, dn’t pay t much attentin t the ups and dwns f life at the mment. Rather, yu shuld be lking frward. Additinally, set clear bundaries. ____29____ Remember nt t get t invlved in ther peple’s business and set limits that keep yu safe frm utside pressures.
As a unique wisdm f life, the pwer f insensitivity gives cmpletely new inspiratin t mdern peple. Once yu becme a bit “blunt” and slw dwn the pace, yu will feel mre cmfrtable.
A. Everyne can btain the ability t be insensitive.
B. That’s where the need t be insensitive cmes frm.
C. It emphasizes determinatin when it cmes t difficulties.
D. Avid fcusing t much n what thers are ding r thinking.
E. Regarding relatinships, learn t view the prblem as tw parts.
F. Being a highly sensitive persn can cme with many challenges.
G. Why can insensitivity allw a persn t better adapt in a cmpetitive envirnment?
第Ⅱ卷(共57分)
Ⅰ. 选词填空(共5小题;每小题2分，共10分)
用方框中单词的适当形式完成下列句子，每个单词只能用一次。
30. In recent years, yu may have read news abut artificial ____________ creating its wn art, such us painting.
31. Pets are ften the nes wh prvide ____________ supprt fr the family.
32. The cigarette package carries a health ____________ n it—“Smking is harmful t health”.
33. The US shrt stry writer O. Henry in renwned fr his absrbing plts and ____________ endings.
34. He gt very ____________ with me abut my carelessness.
Ⅱ. 语法填空(共10小题;每小题1.5分，共15分)
A
阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
Technlgy has imprved my life in ways that still surprise and delight me. My TV ____35____ (remember) hw far I gt in yesterday’s shw, even if I dn’t! I can watch my pizza’s entire jurney ____36____ the restaurant t my huse! These are miracles. But there have been sacrifices, I have turned ver memry and independence t the machines. Over the past 20 years, I ____37____ (becme) anxius abut prblems that didn’t use t exist, and indecisive ver chices I never used t make.
B
阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
The exhibitin—“Blssms f Dunhuang” ____38____ (hld) at the Natinal Art Museum f China last mnth. It reflected upn the 60-year-lng career f a famus Chinese artist Chang Shana. Her passin fr Dunhuang was inspired by her father ____39____ was als a famus artist. Chang Shana has devted ____40____ (she) t preserving the art f Dunhuang. ____41____ (ensure) that the thusand-year-ld art lives n, she’s nw wrking with an nline platfrm t prmte the sale f her wrks.
C
阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
While my fellw cnference attendees were ____42____ (happy) discussing the dinner menu, I was trying t stp a panic attack. This wasn’t the first time this had happened. During grup discussins, my brain stpped ____43____ (functin) and panic tk ver. Fr years I didn’t knw ____44____ I felt like this. But nw I knw the reasn: I have a nerve disrder. Recgnizing this aspect f my identity brings me new wrries and hpe.
Ⅲ. 书面表达(共两节，32分)
第一节(共4小题;第60、61题各2分，第2题3分，第63题5分，共12分)
阅读下面的短文，根据题目要求用英文回答问题。
Hgan was ne f the greatest glfers f the 20th century, an accmplishment he achieved thrugh tireless practice. Fr him, every practice sessin had a purpse. He spent years breaking dwn each phase f the glf swing and testing new methds fr each part. The result was near perfectin. Hgan finished his career with nine majr champinships. During his prime, ther glfers attributed his remarkable success t “Hgan’s secret”. Tday, experts have a new term fr his style f imprvement: deliberate practice.
Deliberate practice refers t a special type f practice that is purpseful and systematic. While regular practice might include mindless repetitins, deliberate practice requires fcused attentin and is cnducted with the specific gal f imprving perfrmance. When Hgan carefully recnstructed each step f his glf swing, he was engaging in deliberate practice. He was finely tuning his technique.
The greatest challenge f deliberate practice is t remain fcused. In the beginning, shwing up and putting in yur repeated practice is the mst imprtant thing. But after a while we begin t carelessly verlk small errrs and miss daily pprtunities fr imprvement. This is because the natural tendency f the human brain is t transfrm repeated behavirs int autmatic habits. The mre we repeat a task, the mre mindless it becmes. Mindless activity is the enemy f deliberate practice. The danger f practicing the same thing again and again is that prgress becmes assumed. T ften, we assume we are getting better simply because we are gaining experience. In reality, we are merely reinfrcing ur current habits—nt imprving them.
Deliberate practice always fllws the same pattern: break the verall prcess dwn int parts, identify yur weaknesses, test new strategies fr each sectin, and then integrate yur learning int the verall prcess.
Deliberate practice des nt mean that yu can fashin yurself int anything with enugh wrk and effrt, thugh. While human beings d pssess a remarkable ability t develp their skills, genes put limits n hw far any individual can g. But genetics d nt determine perfrmance. It is deliberate practice that can help us maximize ur ptential. It turns ptential int reality.
45. What is deliberate practice accrding t the passage?
____________________________________________
46. What is the danger f mindless repetitin?
____________________________________________
47. Please decide which part is false in the fllwing statement, then underline it and explain why.
Accrding t the passage, we pssess a remarkable ability t develp ur skills, s we can achieve any success thrugh deliberate practice.
____________________________________________
48. Hw will yu use deliberate practice t develp ne f yur skills? (In abut 40 wrds)
____________________________________________
第二节(20分)
49. 假设你是红星中学高二学生李华。你校学生会将要组织国际文化周活动，你和交换生Jim共同负责文学板块(Literature Sectin)的活动设计，请你用英文给Jim写一封邮件，内容包括：
1. 分享你的活动设计方案；
2. 询问对方的建议。
注意：1. 词数100左右；
2. 开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
Dear Jim,
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yurs,
Li Hua
北京市西城区2023—2024学年度第二学期期末试卷高二英语参考答案
2024. 7
Ⅱ. 完形填空(共10小题;每小题1.5分，共15分)
1—5. BACAC 6—10. BDDAD
11—13. CCB 14--17. DBAC 18—20. ACB 21—24. DDCA 25--29. FBCGD
30. intelligence 31. emtinal 32. warning 33. dramatic 34. annyed
35. remembers 36. frm 37. have becme
38. was held 39. that##wh 40. herself 41. T ensure
42. happily 43. functining 44. why
Ⅲ. 书面表达(共两节，32分)
【答案】45. Deliberate practice refers t a special type f practice that is purpseful and systematic.
46. The danger f mindless repetitin is that prgress becmes assumed.
47. Accrding t the passage, we pssess a remarkable ability t develp ur skills,s we can achieve any success thrugh deliberate practice；原因为：Accrding t the passage, while human beings d pssess a remarkable ability t develp their skills, genes put limits n hw far any individual can g.
48. I will break dwn the skill int parts, identify my weaknesses, test new strategies fr each sectin, and then integrate my learning int the verall prcess t imprve my perfrmance.
第二节(20分)
【答案】Dear Jim,
Greetings! As we are c-rganizing the Literature Sectin fr the upcming Internatinal Culture Week, I’d like t share my initial ideas with yu.
Regarding the theme, I prpse we fcus n literary analysis, with all f its insights int humanity and values. T cultivate students’ literary attainment, I suggest the Literature sectin cnsist f five parts: petry, shrt stries. nvels, fantasies and dramas. And each weekday culd be paired with a certain genre. Varius activities culd be arranged t suit students’ needs. Fr example, a stage play r a reading sessin cncerning each genre culd be rganized t attract students’ interest.
What d yu think f my ideas? Lking frward t hearing yurs. Hpe we can prvide an enthralling experience fr all.
Yurs,
具体解析
第三节：(共5小题;每小题2分，共10分)
Ⅱ. 完形填空(共10小题;每小题1.5分，共15分)
1—5. BACAC 6—10. BDDAD
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了一个奇迹般的相遇，改变了两个人的生活。Sam因肾功能衰竭等待肾移植，而出租车司机Bill在得知Sam的情况后，主动提出捐献自己的肾脏。在经历了一系列检查和手术准备后，两人肾脏匹配成功，Sam成功接受了移植手术，重获新生。
【1题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：在此期间，他在移植名单上，但没有匹配的出现。A. taxis出租车；B. matches匹配；C. rders订单；D. patients病人。根据“He’d been suffering frm kidney (肾) failure since last year.”可知，自去年以来，Sam一直患有肾衰竭，可是没有与其相匹配的肾。故选B。
【2题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：尽管如此，他还是接受了订单，心想如果这位乘客是从医院来的，他可能需要搭车。A. Still尽管如此；B. Instead代替；C. Mrever此外；D. Therefre因此。根据“The trip was ut f Bill’s way.”可知，尽管这个行程不顺路，Bill还是接受了订单，因为他心想如果这位乘客是从医院来的，他可能需要搭车。故选A。
【3题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：Sam上了车，Bill看得出他很虚弱，但精神很好。A. angry生气的；B. afraid害怕的；C. weak虚弱的；D. frgetful健忘的。根据“but in gd spirits”可知，前后构成转折关系，即虽然虚弱，但是精神很好。故选C。
【4题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：Sam真的用正能量点亮了这辆车。A. lit up点亮；B. piled int堆进；C. fixed up修理；D. slwed dwn减慢。根据“with psitive energy,”可知，Sam真的用正能量点亮了这辆车。故选A。
【5题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：Bill开玩笑说他是一个很好的捐赠者候选人，因为他不喝酒也不抽烟。A. heard听到；B. recalled回忆；C. jked开玩笑；D. cmplained抱怨。根据“he’d be a gd dnr candidate because he didn’t drink r smke.”可知，Bill开玩笑说他是一个很好的捐赠者候选人，因为他不喝酒也不抽烟。故选C。
【6题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：Bill相信要帮助别人，所以捐肾一直是他的心头大事。A. treating治疗；B. helping帮助；C. accepting接受；D. encuraging鼓励。根据“s dnating a kidney was smething always n his mind.”可知，因为Bill认为捐肾一直是他的心头大事（心系捐肾），Bill是一直相信要帮助别人。故选B。
【7题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：当他们交换联系方式时，他抖得很厉害，连自己的名字都写不出来。A. discussed讨论；B. repeated重复；C. cmpared比较；D. exchanged交换。根据“cntact infrmatin”可知，当他们交换联系方式时，他抖得很厉害，连自己的名字都写不出来。故选D。
【8题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在最初的兴奋之后，Sam开始感到不那么乐观了，他怀疑这是否只是一个情绪化的时刻。A. curius好奇；B. dubtful怀疑；C. hesitant犹豫；D. ptimistic乐观。根据“After the initial excitement,”可知, 在最初的兴奋之后，Sam开始感到不那么乐观了，因为他怀疑这只是一个情绪化的时刻。故选D。
【9题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但Bill是信守诺言的。A. true真实的；B. clse接近；C. related相关的；D. blind瞎的。根据“He cntacted the hspital sn.”可知，Bill信守承诺，联系医院捐肾。故选A。
【10题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：然后他们做了手术，手术很成功。A. waste浪费；B. hnr荣誉；C. mistake错误；D. success成功。根据“Tday, Sam is ding well. And the tw men still keep in tuch.”可知，他们做了手术，并且手术也很成功。故选D。
Ⅲ. 阅读理解(共两节，38分)
A
11—13. CCB
【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章旨在介绍灯塔图书项目（The Lighthuse Bk Prject），这是一个为期两年的密集写作计划，旨在帮助撰写长篇手稿的作家们完成他们的作品。
【11题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章的第一段中提到“The Lighthuse Bk Prject is an intensive, tw-year prgram. It is aimed at giving writers f bk-length manuscripts (文稿) the classes, advice, and mral supprt they need t draft, revise, and—mst imprtantly—finish. (灯塔图书计划是一个为期两年的密集项目。它的目的是给作者的书长度的手稿的课程，建议和精神支持，他们需要起草，修改，最重要的是完成。)”可知，灯塔图书项目是一个为期两年的密集计划，旨在帮助作家完成他们的作品。因此，该项目承诺参与者在两年内完成写作工作。故选C。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章“Cmpnents f applicatins”部分中“a writing sample up t 30 pages, a prject utline, tw t three recmmendatin letters frm yur current r frmer writing instructrs, and a shrt persnal statement.( 一份30页的写作样本，一个项目大纲，两到三封现任或前任写作导师的推荐信，以及一份简短的个人陈述。)”可知，申请参加灯塔图书项目需要提交的材料包括：一份最多30页的写作样本、项目大纲、来自现任或前任写作导师的两到三封推荐信以及一份简短的个人陈述。因此，成为灯塔图书项目的参与者需要提交个人陈述，即需要陈述个人信息。故选C。
【13题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章的第一段中提到“The Lighthuse Bk Prject is an intensive, tw-year prgram. It is aimed at giving writers f bk-length manuscripts (文稿) the classes, advice, and mral supprt they need t draft, revise, and—mst imprtantly—finish. (灯塔图书计划是一个为期两年的密集项目。它的目的是给作者的书长度的手稿的课程，建议和精神支持，他们需要起草，修改，最重要的是完成。)”以及通读全文可知，文章主要介绍了灯塔图书项目（The Lighthuse Bk Prject），包括它的目标、好处、申请条件和学费等。因此，文章的主要目的是推广这个项目，以吸引更多的作家参与。B选项“T prmte a prgram.(推广一个项目)”符合题意。故选B。
B
14--17. DBAC
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了一位名叫Mrag Warrack的66岁女性，在退休后开始练习Aikid，并最终在2021年获得了黑带资格，成为英国达到该级别年龄最大的女性之一。她的经历表现了Aikid不仅对身体有好处，还能增强信心和自我意识，她在练习中克服了困难和挑战，展示了坚韧和毅力。
【14题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段中“ “When entering the classrm, I was terrified and thught all these men wuld be shcked by an ld wman walking in,” she says. (她说：“当我走进教室时，我吓坏了，我想所有这些男人都会被一个老妇人走进来吓一跳。”)” 可知，Mrag Warrack在文章中提到当她第一次进入Aikid教室时，她感到害怕，并认为所有的男人都会对一个老太太的进入感到震惊。因此，她第一次进入空手道教室时的感受是害怕，故选D。
【15题详解】
推理判断题。第三段中“Warrack carried n and, after tw years f practice, she began mving up the graded system f belt rankings and nticing a change in herself. “Aikid was making me way mre cnfident,” she says, “Since my reactins gt quicker, my balance was better and my crdinatin (协调性) imprved, I had a real understanding f my wn bdy and it became a metaphr (比喻) fr hw t be in life; hw t avid attack withut hurting the ther persn.”(Warrack继续练习，在两年的训练后，她开始在腰带等级制度中升级，并注意到自己发生了变化。她说：“Aikid让我变得更加自信，因为我的反应更快了，平衡感更好，协调性也提高了，我真正理解了自己的身体，它成为了一个生活的隐喻，即如何在避免伤害他人的同时避免受到攻击。”)”可知，经过两年的练习，Warrack在腰带等级制度中开始上升，并且注意到了自己的变化。她变得更加自信，反应更快，平衡更好，协调性也提高了。这表明她成为了一个更好的自己。故选B。
【16题详解】
细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中“By January 2019, Warrack was determined t achieve her black belt and began training with the nly ther persn in her class wh was at the same level as her: a 181cm plice fficer. (到2019年1月，Warrack决心达到黑带水平，并开始和班里唯一一个和她水平相同的人一起训练：一个身高181cm的警察。)”可知，她在2019年决定获得黑带，并开始与班上唯一一个和她水平一样的人（一位181厘米的警察）一起训练。这表示她需要更深入地磨练自己的技能以达到黑带的水平。选A.
【17题详解】
推理判断题。文章中讲述了Mrag Warrack在退休后开始学习Aikid，并成功获得了黑带的故事。这表明无论何时学习都是一件好事，因此C选项“It’s always a gd time t learn.(无论何时去学习都是好的。)”符合文章的主旨。故选C。
C
18—20. ACB
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章探讨了大脑中的一个特定区域（vmPFC）如何帮助我们将现在的记忆与未来的自我记忆结合起来，从而维持我们的身份感。这项研究发现加深了我们对大脑如何塑造和维持我们当前身份的理解。
【18题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第三段中“ It was discvered that peple in the cntrl grup culd recall mre adjectives linked t themselves than adjectives linked t the celebrity. Hwever, the participants with vmPFC lesins had little r n ability t recall references t the self, regardless f the cntext f time. Their identificatin f adjectives fr celebrities was als cmparatively weak. (研究发现，对照组的人能回忆起更多与自身相关的形容词，而不是与名人相关的形容词。然而，vmPFC损伤的参与者几乎无法回忆起与自身相关的引用，无论时间背景如何。他们对名人的形容词识别能力也相对较弱。)”可知，当人们在这个区域（vmPFC）受伤时，他们几乎无法回忆起与自身相关的引用，无论时间背景如何会导致身份感的受损。这与选项A的描述“peple with vmPFC lesins have a brken sense f identity (vmPFC损伤的人失去了身份感)”相符。故选A。
【19题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段中“These findings are intriguing, fr the study helps us understand hw self-related memries depend n the functin f the vmPFC. (这些发现很有趣，因为这项研究帮助我们理解自我相关的记忆是如何依赖于vmPFC的功能的。)”可知，作者认为这些发现很有趣，因为这项研究帮助我们理解自我相关记忆如何依赖于vmPFC的功能，这说明作者对于vmPFC研究的发现持肯定态度。因此，作者对于vmPFC研究的发现持赞成态度。C选项“apprving(支持的)”与作者态度相一致。故选C。
【20题详解】
主旨大意题。通读全文，文章主要讨论了vmPFC区域如何帮助我们将现在的记忆与未来的自我记忆结合起来，以维持我们的身份感。B选项“Creating Our Sense f Self(创造我们的自我意识)”最能概括文章的主旨，符合文章标题。故选B。
D
21—24. DDCA
【导语】本文是一篇议论文。本文探讨了随着技术进步而出现的能源浪费现象，特别是所谓的“杰文斯悖论”，即随着能源使用效率的提高，人们并未因此减少能源消耗，反而因为商品变得更加便宜和高效而增加了消费。
【21题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段中“With its 1.2 millin LED lights shining brightly against the Las Vegas night, the Las Vegas Sphere may well be the ultimate symbl f 2020s veruse. But that gigantic entertainment space is als smething else: a symbl f the cming cnflict between ur climate gals and ur seemingly insatiable (永不满足) appetite fr stuff. (120万盏LED灯在拉斯维加斯的夜空下闪闪发光，拉斯维加斯球体很可能是本世纪20年代过度使用的终极象征。但这个巨大的娱乐空间也有别的含义：它象征着我们的气候目标与我们似乎无法满足的物质欲望之间即将发生的冲突。)”可知，拉斯维加斯球体是2020年代过度使用的终极象征，同时也是我们气候目标与我们似乎永不满足的物质欲望之间即将发生的冲突的象征。因此，作者提到拉斯维加斯球体是为了表达一种担忧。故选D。
【22题详解】
词义猜测题。根据划线词后文的句子“Tday’s car engines require less fuel, even thugh Americans n average nw drive lnger distances in heavier cars. Hwever, the bad news is that the Jevns Paradx seems t be hard-wired int us. There are few examples thrughut histry f peple willingly cnsuming less energy, either fr mral r envirnmental reasns. (今天的汽车发动机需要更少的燃料，尽管美国人现在平均驾驶更重的汽车行驶更远的距离。然而，坏消息是，杰文斯悖论似乎与我们根深蒂固。纵观历史，人们出于道德或环境原因愿意减少能源消耗的例子很少。)”可知，尽管技术进步带来了能效提升，但由于人们的需求总是难以满足，很少有人愿意主动减少能源消耗即在一些情况下技术带来了效率的提高，但由于人们的需求总是难以满足，这些提升无法完全抵消总体能源消耗的增加。因此，划线词与D选项“Wipe ut(抵消)”为同义词。故选D。
【23题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段中“There’s an ecnmic term fr this: the Jevns Paradx, named fr the 19th-century English ecnmist William Stanley Jevns, wh nticed that as steam engines became ever mre efficient, Britain’s appetite fr cal increased rather than decreased. The lgic f Jevns is that instead f banking the efficiency savings we make as technlgy advances, we g ut and spend it. ( 对此有一个经济学术语：杰文斯悖论(Jevns Paradx)，以19世纪英国经济学家威廉·斯坦利·杰文斯(William Stanley Jevns)的名字命名。他注意到，随着蒸汽机的效率越来越高，英国对煤炭的需求非但没有减少，反而增加了。杰文斯的逻辑是，我们不是把随着技术进步而节省下来的效率存起来，而是走出去花掉。)”可知，随着技术的进步，能源消耗实际上在增长，而不是减少。特别是提到了杰文斯悖论（Jevns Paradx），即随着蒸汽机等技术的效率提高，能源消耗并没有减少，反而因为商品变得更加便宜和高效而增加了。因此，我们可以得出结论，能源消耗随着技术的进步而增长。故选C。
【24题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段中“A mre innvative answer cmes frm Rb West, funder and chief executive f Thunder Said Energy. Having spent years dcumenting the Jevns Paradx and finding it far mre widespread than ecnmists predicted, he thinks the best hpe we have is t fight Jevns with Jevns. That means applying the idea that cnsumptin increases as gds becme cheaper and mre efficient t ur prductin f energy. In ther wrds, the future lies nt in ratining (定量供应) energy and hping humans suddenly change their behavir, but in ensuring any energy we use is as green and attractive as pssible. (来自Thunder Said Energy的创始人兼首席执行官罗布·韦斯特（Rb West）给出了一个更具创新性的答案。他花了几年的时间来记录杰文斯悖论（Jevns Paradx），并发现这个悖论比经济学家预测的要普遍得多。他认为，我们最好的希望就是用杰文斯悖论来对抗杰文斯悖论。这意味着，随着商品变得更加便宜和高效，消费也会增加，我们将这种思想应用到能源生产中。换句话说，未来不在于对能源进行配给，并希望人类突然改变他们的行为，而在于确保我们使用的任何能源都尽可能地绿色和吸引人。)”可知，Rb West认为对抗杰文斯悖论的最好希望是用杰文斯悖论本身来对抗它，这意味着应用商品变得更便宜和更高效时消费增加的观念到我们的能源生产上。这意味着未来的出路不在于定量供应能源和寄望于人类突然改变行为，而在于确保我们使用的任何能源都尽可能环保和吸引人。因此，他认为提高能源效率是解决问题的关键。故选A。
第二节(共5小题;每小题2分，共10分)
25--29. FBCGD
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章的主旨是讨论高度敏感人群（HSP）的特点以及不敏感性的力量。
【25题详解】
根据前文“Highly sensitive persn, r HSP, is a term cined by psychlgist Elaine Arn. Accrding t research, in every five peple, there’s ne HSP. (高敏感者，简称HSP，是心理学家伊莱恩·阿伦创造的一个术语。根据研究，每五个人中就有一个高敏感人群。)”以及后文“HSPs have strng self-cnsciusness; they may struggle t adapt t new circumstances, demnstrate seemingly inapprpriate emtinal respnses in scial situatins, and easily becme uncmfrtable in respnse t light, sund r certain physical sensatins. (高敏感人群自我意识强;他们可能难以适应新环境，在社交场合表现出看似不恰当的情绪反应，并且很容易对光线、声音或某些身体感觉做出不舒服的反应。)”可知，前文提出每五个人中就有一个高敏感人群，后文描述了HSP的一些特点，如强烈的自我意识、难以适应新环境、在社交场合表现出看似不适当的情绪反应等。故设空处应该对这些挑战进行总结概括。F选项“Being a highly sensitive persn can cme with many challenges.(作为一个高度敏感的人会面临许多挑战。)” 对前文内容的总结，符合语境。故选F。
【26题详解】
根据前文“HSPs have strng self-cnsciusness; they may struggle t adapt t new circumstances, demnstrate seemingly inapprpriate emtinal respnses in scial situatins, and easily becme uncmfrtable in respnse t light, sund r certain physical sensatins. (高敏感人群自我意识强;他们可能难以适应新环境，在社交场合表现出看似不恰当的情绪反应，并且很容易对光线、声音或某些身体感觉做出不舒服的反应。)”可知，HSP人群面临着诸多挑战。B选项“That’s where the need t be insensitive cmes frm.( 这就是需要不敏感性的原因所在)”与前文关于HSP面临的挑战相呼应，指出“不敏感性”是解决HSP人群面临挑战的措施，同时引出了下文对不敏感性的讨论。故选B。
【27题详解】
根据前文“The pwer f insensitivity can be interpreted as “sluggish (迟缓的) pwer”. Usually, peple assciate “insensitivity” with smething bad, but insensitivity des nt equal dullness. (不敏感的力量可以解释为“迟钝的力量”。通常，人们把“不敏感”和不好的事情联系在一起，但不敏感并不等于迟钝。)”可知，此处提到不敏感性被视为一种“迟钝的力量”，人们通常把“不敏感”和不好的事情联系在一起。而“迟钝的力量”即不敏感性是解决HSP人群面临挑战的措施，因此后文应该对其真正的含义进行解释。C选项“It emphasizes determinatin when it cmes t difficulties.(当遇到困难时，它强调决心)”强调当遇到困难时，“不敏感性”强调的是决心，与后文的“That is, calmly facing the setbacks and dwntime in life and firmly mving twards ne’s wn directin. (就是坦然面对生活中的挫折和停歇，坚定地朝着自己的方向前进。)”在面对生活中的挫折和低谷时，能够冷静地面对并坚定地走向自己的方向相呼应。C选项中的it指代前文的The pwer f insensitivity，与前后文形成呼应，符合语境。故选C。
【28题详解】
根据后文“ One f the imprtant reasns is that behind insensitivity is strng self-awareness r self-cnfidence. (一个重要的原因是，不敏感的背后是强烈的自我意识或自信。)”可知，此处强调不敏感的背后是强烈的自我意识或自信。G选项“Why can insensitivity allw a persn t better adapt in a cmpetitive envirnment?( 为什么不敏感性可以让一个人在竞争环境中更好地适应？)”是一个引导句，引出了下文对“不敏感性”在竞争环境中的作用的讨论。后文提到了不敏感性背后的原因之一是强大的自我意识或自信，这与G选项中的问题相呼应。
故选G。
【29题详解】
根据前文“Additinally, set clear bundaries. (另外，设定清晰的界限。)”可知，此处强调与他人设定清晰的界限。D选项“Avid fcusing t much n what thers are ding r thinking.( 避免过分关注别人在做什么或想什么)”与前文提到的“设置明确的界限”相呼应。这里建议人们不要过于关注他人的事务，设置界限以保护自己免受外界压力的影响。这与D选项中的建议相符。故选D。
第Ⅱ卷(共57分)
Ⅰ. 选词填空(共5小题;每小题2分，共10分)
30. intelligence 31. emtinal 32. warning 33. dramatic 34. annyed
【30题详解】
考查名词。句意：近年来，你可能读过关于人工智能创造自己的艺术的新闻，比如绘画。句中表示“人工智能”使用固定短语artificial intelligence，使用名词作宾语。故填intelligence。
【31题详解】
考查形容词。句意：宠物通常是为家庭提供情感支持的人。设空处使用emtin的形容词emtinal作定语，修饰名词，意为“情感的”。故填emtinal。
【32题详解】
考查名词。句意：香烟包装上有健康警告——“吸烟有害健康”。设空处使用warn的名词warning作宾语，意为“警告”。故填warning。
【33题详解】
考查形容词。句意：美国短篇小说作家欧·亨利以其引人入胜的情节和戏剧性的结局而闻名。设空处使用drama的形容词dramatic作定语，修饰名词，意为“戏剧性的，引人入胜的”。故填dramatic。
【34题详解】
考查形容词。句意：他对我的粗心大意很生气。设空处使用anny的形容词annyed作表语，意为“使人感到恼怒的”。故填annyed。
Ⅱ. 语法填空(共10小题;每小题1.5分，共15分)
A
【答案】35. remembers 36. frm 37. have becme
【导语】本文是一篇议论文，本文讨论了科技进步给作者生活带来的积极变化和负面影响。
【35题详解】
考查动词时态。句意：我的电视甚至记得我昨天看了多久，即使我不记得！设空处使用动词作谓语，根据前文的surprise和delight以及句意，可知句子表述客观事实，故使用一般现在时。故填remembers。
【36题详解】
考查介词。句意：我可以看到我的披萨从餐厅到我家的整个旅程！句中frm…t…为固定短语，意为“从……到……”。故frm。
【37题详解】
考查动词时态。句意：在过去的20年里，我变得对过去不存在的问题感到焦虑，对过去从未做过的选择犹豫不决。句中ver the past 20 years为现在完成时时间标志，表示“在过去的20年里”。故填have becme。
B
【答案】38. was held 39. that##wh 40. herself 41. T ensure
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章介绍了一次名为“敦煌之花”的展览，该展览上月在中国国家美术馆举行，回顾了中国著名艺术家常沙娜60年的艺术生涯。
【38题详解】
考查动词时态和语态。句意：“敦煌之花”展览上个月在中国美术馆举行。设空处使用动词作谓语，句中last mnth为一般过去时时间标志，同时exhibitin与hld之间是被动关系，故使用一般过去时的被动语态。故填was held。
39题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：她对敦煌的热爱源于她的父亲，他也是一位著名的艺术家。设空处引导的是限制性定语从句，引导词在从句中作主语，修饰先行词her father，指人，故使用that或者wh。故填that或者wh。
【40题详解】
考查代词。句意：常沙娜一直致力于保护敦煌艺术。devte neself t sth为固定短语，意为“致力于……”，使用反身代词作宾语。故填herself。
【41题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：为了确保千年艺术的延续，她现在正在与一个在线平台合作，以促进她的作品的销售。句中is wrking为谓语动词，设空处使用非谓语动词，此处表示目的，故使用不定式结构作状语。同时该空置于句首，开头单词首字母大写。故填T ensure。
C
【答案】42. happily 43. functining 44. why
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了一位与会者在讨论晚宴菜单时，经历了恐慌发作的经历。
【42题详解】
考查副词。句意：当我的与会者正在愉快地讨论晚餐菜单时，我正试图阻止恐慌发作。设空处使用happy的副词happily作状语，修饰动词，意为“愉快地”。故填happily。
【43题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：在小组讨论中，我的大脑停止了运作，恐慌取而代之。句中stp ding表示“停下来正在做的事”，使用动名词作宾语。故填functining。
【44题详解】
考查名词性从句。句意：多年来，我不知道自己为什么会有这种感觉。设空处引导的是宾语从句，此处表示“为什么”用why引导。故填why。
Ⅲ. 书面表达(共两节，32分)
【答案】45. Deliberate practice refers t a special type f practice that is purpseful and systematic.
46. The danger f mindless repetitin is that prgress becmes assumed.
47. Accrding t the passage, we pssess a remarkable ability t develp ur skills,s we can achieve any success thrugh deliberate practice；原因为：Accrding t the passage, while human beings d pssess a remarkable ability t develp their skills, genes put limits n hw far any individual can g.
48. I will break dwn the skill int parts, identify my weaknesses, test new strategies fr each sectin, and then integrate my learning int the verall prcess t imprve my perfrmance.
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述的是：刻意练习是一种特殊的练习方式，它需要有目的和系统的方法，集中的注意力和提高表现的具体目标。我们可以通过刻意练习来发展自己的技能。然而，这种练习并不意味着我们可以通过足够的工作和努力来塑造自己成为任何东西，因为基因对每个人能达到的极限有影响。
【45题详解】
考查细节理解。根据第二段中“Deliberate practice refers t a special type f practice that is purpseful and systematic. (刻意练习是指一种特殊的、有目的的、系统的练习。)”可知，刻意练习是指一种特殊的、有目的的、系统的练习。故答案为Deliberate practice refers t a special type f practice that is purpseful and systematic.
【46题详解】
考查细节理解。根据第三段中“Mindless activity is the enemy f deliberate practice. The danger f practicing the same thing again and again is that prgress becmes assumed. (无意识的活动是刻意练习的敌人。一遍又一遍地练习同样的事情的危险在于，你会想当然地认为自己取得了进步。)” 可知，无意识的重复练习的危险在于我们可能会误认为自己在进步，而实际上我们只是在加强当前的习惯，而没有改进它们。故答案为The danger f mindless repetitin is that prgress becmes assumed.
【47题详解】
考查推理判断。根据最后一段中“While human beings d pssess a remarkable ability t develp their skills, genes put limits n hw far any individual can g. But genetics d nt determine perfrmance. It is deliberate practice that can help us maximize ur ptential. It turns ptential int reality. (虽然人类确实拥有发展技能的非凡能力，但基因限制了个人的能力。但基因并不能决定成绩。刻意练习可以帮助我们最大限度地发挥我们的潜力。它把潜力变成现实。)” 可知，虽然人类具有非凡的发展技能的能力，但基因决定了个人可以达到的极限，因此不能通过刻意练习实现任何成功，可以联系可以最大限度的帮助我们发挥自己的潜力，把潜力变成现实。原句“Accrding t the passage, we pssess a remarkable ability t develp ur skills, s we can achieve any success thrugh deliberate practice.( 根据这篇文章，我们拥有一种非凡的能力来发展我们的技能，所以我们可以通过刻意的练习来取得任何成功。)”指出通过可以联系能够取得任何成功，“任何错误”表述错误，与原文信息不符，因为虽然人类具有非凡的发展技能的能力，但基因决定了个人可以达到的极限，因此不能通过刻意练习实现任何成功。故答案为Accrding t the passage, we pssess a remarkable ability t develp ur skills, s we can achieve any success thrugh deliberate practice；原因为：Accrding t the passage, while human beings d pssess a remarkable ability t develp their skills, genes put limits n hw far any individual can g.
【48题详解】
开放性题目。本题为开放性题目，回答言之有理即可。题目的内容是“Hw will yu use deliberate practice t develp ne f yur skills?( 你将如何通过刻意练习来发展你的一项技能?)”；本人认为我会将技能分解成几个部分，找出自己的弱点，针对每个部分测试新的策略，然后将我的学习融入到整体过程中，以提高我的表现。故答案为I will break dwn the skill int parts, identify my weaknesses, test new strategies fr each sectin, and then integrate my learning int the verall prcess t imprve my perfrmance.
第二节(20分)
【答案】Dear Jim,
Greetings! As we are c-rganizing the Literature Sectin fr the upcming Internatinal Culture Week, I’d like t share my initial ideas with yu.
Regarding the theme, I prpse we fcus n literary analysis, with all f its insights int humanity and values. T cultivate students’ literary attainment, I suggest the Literature sectin cnsist f five parts: petry, shrt stries. nvels, fantasies and dramas. And each weekday culd be paired with a certain genre. Varius activities culd be arranged t suit students’ needs. Fr example, a stage play r a reading sessin cncerning each genre culd be rganized t attract students’ interest.
What d yu think f my ideas? Lking frward t hearing yurs. Hpe we can prvide an enthralling experience fr all.
Yurs,
Li Hua
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。假设你是红星中学高二学生李华。你校学生会将要组织国际文化周活动，你和交换生Jim共同负责文学板块(Literature Sectin)的活动设计，要求考生用英文给Jim写一封邮件分享你的活动设计方案并相对方询问建议。
【详解】1.词汇积累
即将到来的：upcming→ frthcming
关于：regarding → cncerning
建议：suggest→ advise
例如：fr example→ fr instance
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：Varius activities culd be arranged t suit students’ needs.
拓展句：Varius activities culd be arranged t suit students’ needs, which is really necessary fr the success f this activity.
【点睛】【高分句型1】As we are c-rganizing the Literature Sectin fr the upcming Internatinal Culture Week, I’d like t share my initial ideas with yu.（运用了as引导的原因状语从句）
【高分句型2】Fr example, a stage play r a reading sessin cncerning each genre culd be rganized t attract students’ interest.（运用了含有情态动词的被动语态结构culd be rganized以及不定式作目的状语）
Hw t Practice Self-Care
Get enugh 11 .
● Make sure yu dn’t stay up t late.
● Keep yur bedrm cmfrtable, 12 and free f distractins.
Stay fit thrugh exercise.
● Start by understanding the many benefits f exercise.
● 13 an activity yu enjy.
14 and reduce stress.
● Identify what yu have cntrl ver.
● Talk with peple yu 15 .
anny, warn, drama, intelligent, emtin
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