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牛津译林版Grammar教学演示课件ppt
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这是一份牛津译林版Grammar教学演示课件ppt，共44页。PPT课件主要包含了since，untiltill，tilluntil，as soon as，whenever，Whenever，As soon as，when，until，Before等内容，欢迎下载使用。
Hw much d yu knw abut him?
GrammarA. Using befre, after, when and whileWe use the cnjunctins befre, after, when and while t intrduce time clauses. They can be placed at the beginning r in the middle f sentences.
Befre means earlier than a certain time. befreHe remained there fr abut a year befre the NBA tk ntice f him.After means later than a certain time. After he graduated, he was frced t play in anther basketball league.When means at r during a certain time. When he finally gt the chance, he scred 20 pints in his first game.
While means during a certain time. While (he was) attending junir high, Spud tried ut fr the schl team.One f David’s days David is writing in his diary abut ne f his days. Help him cmbine his sentences using befre, after, when r while.
1. I g jgging every mrning. Then I have breakfast. __________________________________________________2. I practised playing basketball fr hurs. I felt tired ut. __________________________________________________3. I met Peter. I was waiting at the bus stp. __________________________________________________
I have breakfast after I g jgging every mrning.
I felt tired ut after I practised playing basketball fr hurs.
I met Peter while I was waiting at the bus stp.
4. I was watching TV. I received a call frm my uncle. __________________________________________________5. I was ready t g t bed. My father came back frm wrk.____________________________________________________________________________________________________
I was watching TV when I received a call frm my uncle.
I was ready t g t bed befre my father came back frm wrk.
B. Using since, till and until
We als use the cnjunctins since, till and until t intrduce time clauses.Since means frm a certain time. The verb in the main clause is ften used in the present perfect tense. Yu’ve been happy since I first met yu. Till and until bth mean up t a certain time, but till is mre infrmal than until.
Spud remained in anther basketball league fr abut a year till/until the NBA tk ntice f him.When we use verbs like g, leave, arrive, etc, in the main clauses, we shuld use the nt wake me up until yu finish yur wrk. David lves basketball
Here are mre sentences frm David’s diary entry. Cmplete his sentences with since, till r until.1. I have been crazy abut playing basketball ________ I was a little by.2. The weather has been awful this week. The rain did nt stp ________ yesterday evening, s we culd nt practise basketball fr several days.
3. We played basketball in the playgrund this afternn ________ it was getting dark.4. It is the first time we have played basketball ________ Mnday. We enjyed urselves very much.5. I waited fr 20 minutes at the bus stp ________ the bus arrived.6. It is Friday evening. I will nt g t bed ________ I finish watching my favurite TV prgramme.
C. Using as sn as and whenever The cnjunctins as sn as and whenever can als intrduce time clauses.As sn as means when smething happens, r a shrt time after smething has happened. It began t rain as sn as I left the huse. Whenever means at any time. I can read bks whenever I want t.
Mre abut basketballC1. Simn is writing abut David’s lve fr basketball. Help Simn cmplete his sentences with as sn as r whenever.1. David ften ges t play basketball ___________ schl is ver.2. He watches the NBA ___________ there is a game n TV.3. ___________ he talks abut basketball, he gets excited.4. ___________ he learnt that the NBA players wuld cme t China, he tried his best t get a ticket.
C2. David is writing abut Ya Ming, his favurite basketball star. Help him cmplete his article with the crrect cnjunctins yu have learnt in this unit.Ya Ming was brn in Shanghai in 1980. He gt his first basketball(1)___________ he was nly fur years ld, but he did nt becme serius abut basketball(2) ___________ he was 12.
Ya jined the Hustn Rckets in 2002 and became the best Chinese player t ever play in the NBA. (3) ___________ he went t the USA, he knew little English, but he quickly learnt the language. The best mment in his career was in 2004—he scred 41 pints in a game against the Atlanta Hawks. ①
When Ya Ming was living in the USA, he returned t China (4) ___________ he was needed. He tk part in the Olympics in 2004 and in 2008 as ne f the Chinese athletes. (5) __________ he ended his basketball career, Ya has dne mre charity wrk, especially fr pr Chinese teenagers.
against /ə'ɡenst; ə'ɡeɪnst/ prep. 对抗；与……相反；违反
The best mment in his career was in 2004 —he scred 41 pints in a game against the Atlanta Hawks.
against 作介词，其后接名词、代词或动词-ing 形式。常与以下动词连用，如：fight, struggle, prtest, argue, guard 等。against 的一词多义：反对，用strngly 修饰，反义词为fr 意为“支持”紧靠
e.g. At last, Lupe was in the final t play against a girl in a baseball cap.最后，卢佩在决赛中与一个戴棒球帽的女孩比赛。Are yu fr r against the plan?你对这个计划是赞成还是反对呢？The teacher’s desk is against the wall. 老师的办公桌紧靠着墙。
考题：There are s many things ______ yur will. Hwever, yu have n excuse t give up.A. thrugh B. twards C. utside D. against
【分析】本题用句意理解法。thrugh 通过；twards 朝，向；utside 在外面；against 反对，违背。根据后句句意“然而，你没有理由放弃。”可知，前句应是“有那么多违背你意愿的事情”。
1 e.g. Befre they returned t the earth, they faced ne last test—returning hme safely.在他们返回地球之前，他们面临着最后的考验——安全返回家。Dn’t clse the windws befre yu g t bed.你睡觉之前不要关窗户。
考题1：[温州] Little Mary says gd night t her parents _______ she ges t bed every day.A. if B. until C. befre D. unless
2 e.g. They gt married after she finished her study.她完成学业后，他们结婚了。After Du went t cllege in 2017, he had enugh time t take the hbby seriusly.2017 年上大学后，杜有了足够的时间来认真对待这项爱好。
考题2：[本溪、辽阳、葫芦岛] Teenagers shuld d sme husewrk _______ they finish their hmewrk.A. until B. but C. after D. unless
3 e.g. What happens when the plastic was thrwn away?当塑料被扔掉时会发生什么？Teenagers als get the pleasure f success when they jin their favrite clubs. 当青少年加入他们最喜欢的俱乐部时，他们也会获得成功的乐趣。When the teacher gt int the classrm, Xiaming was reading a nvel. 当老师进教室时，小明正在看小说。
注意：由when 引导的时间状语从句，主句的谓语动词是一般将来时，从句的谓语动词要求用一般现在时表示将来。e.g. I will give the bk t her when she cmes. 当她到来时, 我将把这本书给她。
考题3：[扬州] _______ astrnauts g n spacewalks, they wear spacesuits t keep themselves safe.A. Thugh B. TillC. When D. Unless
4 e.g. While he was travelling, he studied the plants and animals in the cuntries and n the islands that the ship visited.当他旅行时，他研究了船所到的国家和岛屿上的植物和动物。While we were having a meeting, Li Ming came in.我们正开会的时候，李明进来了。
考题4：[绥化] While Sally ______ the husewrk, her mther came back frm wrk.A. are ding B. was ding C. did
【分析】本题用语法判定法。由came可知，句子应用过去的时态，排除A项；结合while 可知，从句表达的动作是延续性的，应用过去进行时。
since、till 和 until 引导的时间状语从句
5 e.g. Since Leah came back t Spain, she has been missing Xi’an very much.自从Leah 回到西班牙，她就一直很想念西安。It’s been 5 years since she came t Beijing．她来北京已经5 年了。
注意：since 引导的时间状语从句中，从句的谓语动词表示动作的起点，用一般过去时；主句的谓语动词表示动作开始以后延续至今，一般用现在完成时。如果主句表示不是延续的动作，而是表示目前的情况，可以用一般现在时。
考题5：[北京] Jim _______ a lt abut Chinese culture since he began t study in ur schl. A. learns B. learnedC. will learn D. has learned
【分析】本题用语法判定法。句意：自从吉姆开始在我们学校学习以来，他懂得了许多关于中国文化方面（的知识）。从since 引导的时间状语从句可知，主句用现在完成时态表达“从过去一直持续到现在的动作”。
6 e.g. I waited till/until he arrived. 我一直等到他到来。拓展：until/ till 表示“直到……”；如果主句的谓语动词是瞬时动词，该动词用否定形式，即用 形式，表示“直到……才”，这时until 和till 可用befre 替换。e.g. We wn’t start until/till/ befre Bb cmes. 鲍勃到来之前，我们不会动身。We culd nt affrd a car until after I had finished schl. 在我完成学业之前，我们买不起汽车。
考题6：[邵阳] —Mike, why are yu reading utside? —I cannt enter the library ________ it pens.A. because B. if C. until
【分析】本题用固定搭配法。答语句意：直到图书馆开门了我才能进去。主句是否定形式与后面until 构成“直到……才” 结构。
as sn as 和 whenever 引导的时间状语从句
7 e.g. I will tell him the news as sn as he cmes back.他一回来我就告诉他这个消息。As sn as I went in, Jasn cried ut with pleasure.我一进门，贾森就高兴地大叫起来。
考题7：[桂林] The yung men all shuted “Happy New Year” _______ it was twelve ’clck.A. after B. as sn as C. if
考题8：[乐山] —What’s yur plan fr the summer hliday?—I’ll g t Chengdu as sn as the schl term ______.A. end B. ends C. will end
【分析】本题用语法判定法。本句是as sn as 引导的时间状语从句，符合“主将从现”原则，主句是一般将来时，从句是一般现在时；从句主语是第三人称单数，故谓语动词用其第三人称单数形式。
8 e.g. Cme whenever yu like. 你什么时候想来就来。拓展：whenever 还可作副词, 意为“究竟什么时候”。e.g. Whenever did yu find time t d all that cking?你怎么有时间做了这么多菜？
考题9：________ I meet difficulties, my teacher always encurages me t face them bravely.A. Whenever B. WhateverC. Hwever
Hw much d yu knw abut him?
GrammarA. Using befre, after, when and whileWe use the cnjunctins befre, after, when and while t intrduce time clauses. They can be placed at the beginning r in the middle f sentences.
Befre means earlier than a certain time. befreHe remained there fr abut a year befre the NBA tk ntice f him.After means later than a certain time. After he graduated, he was frced t play in anther basketball league.When means at r during a certain time. When he finally gt the chance, he scred 20 pints in his first game.
While means during a certain time. While (he was) attending junir high, Spud tried ut fr the schl team.One f David’s days David is writing in his diary abut ne f his days. Help him cmbine his sentences using befre, after, when r while.
1. I g jgging every mrning. Then I have breakfast. __________________________________________________2. I practised playing basketball fr hurs. I felt tired ut. __________________________________________________3. I met Peter. I was waiting at the bus stp. __________________________________________________
I have breakfast after I g jgging every mrning.
I felt tired ut after I practised playing basketball fr hurs.
I met Peter while I was waiting at the bus stp.
4. I was watching TV. I received a call frm my uncle. __________________________________________________5. I was ready t g t bed. My father came back frm wrk.____________________________________________________________________________________________________
I was watching TV when I received a call frm my uncle.
I was ready t g t bed befre my father came back frm wrk.
B. Using since, till and until
We als use the cnjunctins since, till and until t intrduce time clauses.Since means frm a certain time. The verb in the main clause is ften used in the present perfect tense. Yu’ve been happy since I first met yu. Till and until bth mean up t a certain time, but till is mre infrmal than until.
Spud remained in anther basketball league fr abut a year till/until the NBA tk ntice f him.When we use verbs like g, leave, arrive, etc, in the main clauses, we shuld use the nt wake me up until yu finish yur wrk. David lves basketball
Here are mre sentences frm David’s diary entry. Cmplete his sentences with since, till r until.1. I have been crazy abut playing basketball ________ I was a little by.2. The weather has been awful this week. The rain did nt stp ________ yesterday evening, s we culd nt practise basketball fr several days.
3. We played basketball in the playgrund this afternn ________ it was getting dark.4. It is the first time we have played basketball ________ Mnday. We enjyed urselves very much.5. I waited fr 20 minutes at the bus stp ________ the bus arrived.6. It is Friday evening. I will nt g t bed ________ I finish watching my favurite TV prgramme.
C. Using as sn as and whenever The cnjunctins as sn as and whenever can als intrduce time clauses.As sn as means when smething happens, r a shrt time after smething has happened. It began t rain as sn as I left the huse. Whenever means at any time. I can read bks whenever I want t.
Mre abut basketballC1. Simn is writing abut David’s lve fr basketball. Help Simn cmplete his sentences with as sn as r whenever.1. David ften ges t play basketball ___________ schl is ver.2. He watches the NBA ___________ there is a game n TV.3. ___________ he talks abut basketball, he gets excited.4. ___________ he learnt that the NBA players wuld cme t China, he tried his best t get a ticket.
C2. David is writing abut Ya Ming, his favurite basketball star. Help him cmplete his article with the crrect cnjunctins yu have learnt in this unit.Ya Ming was brn in Shanghai in 1980. He gt his first basketball(1)___________ he was nly fur years ld, but he did nt becme serius abut basketball(2) ___________ he was 12.
Ya jined the Hustn Rckets in 2002 and became the best Chinese player t ever play in the NBA. (3) ___________ he went t the USA, he knew little English, but he quickly learnt the language. The best mment in his career was in 2004—he scred 41 pints in a game against the Atlanta Hawks. ①
When Ya Ming was living in the USA, he returned t China (4) ___________ he was needed. He tk part in the Olympics in 2004 and in 2008 as ne f the Chinese athletes. (5) __________ he ended his basketball career, Ya has dne mre charity wrk, especially fr pr Chinese teenagers.
against /ə'ɡenst; ə'ɡeɪnst/ prep. 对抗；与……相反；违反
The best mment in his career was in 2004 —he scred 41 pints in a game against the Atlanta Hawks.
against 作介词，其后接名词、代词或动词-ing 形式。常与以下动词连用，如：fight, struggle, prtest, argue, guard 等。against 的一词多义：反对，用strngly 修饰，反义词为fr 意为“支持”紧靠
e.g. At last, Lupe was in the final t play against a girl in a baseball cap.最后，卢佩在决赛中与一个戴棒球帽的女孩比赛。Are yu fr r against the plan?你对这个计划是赞成还是反对呢？The teacher’s desk is against the wall. 老师的办公桌紧靠着墙。
考题：There are s many things ______ yur will. Hwever, yu have n excuse t give up.A. thrugh B. twards C. utside D. against
【分析】本题用句意理解法。thrugh 通过；twards 朝，向；utside 在外面；against 反对，违背。根据后句句意“然而，你没有理由放弃。”可知，前句应是“有那么多违背你意愿的事情”。
1 e.g. Befre they returned t the earth, they faced ne last test—returning hme safely.在他们返回地球之前，他们面临着最后的考验——安全返回家。Dn’t clse the windws befre yu g t bed.你睡觉之前不要关窗户。
考题1：[温州] Little Mary says gd night t her parents _______ she ges t bed every day.A. if B. until C. befre D. unless
2 e.g. They gt married after she finished her study.她完成学业后，他们结婚了。After Du went t cllege in 2017, he had enugh time t take the hbby seriusly.2017 年上大学后，杜有了足够的时间来认真对待这项爱好。
考题2：[本溪、辽阳、葫芦岛] Teenagers shuld d sme husewrk _______ they finish their hmewrk.A. until B. but C. after D. unless
3 e.g. What happens when the plastic was thrwn away?当塑料被扔掉时会发生什么？Teenagers als get the pleasure f success when they jin their favrite clubs. 当青少年加入他们最喜欢的俱乐部时，他们也会获得成功的乐趣。When the teacher gt int the classrm, Xiaming was reading a nvel. 当老师进教室时，小明正在看小说。
注意：由when 引导的时间状语从句，主句的谓语动词是一般将来时，从句的谓语动词要求用一般现在时表示将来。e.g. I will give the bk t her when she cmes. 当她到来时, 我将把这本书给她。
考题3：[扬州] _______ astrnauts g n spacewalks, they wear spacesuits t keep themselves safe.A. Thugh B. TillC. When D. Unless
4 e.g. While he was travelling, he studied the plants and animals in the cuntries and n the islands that the ship visited.当他旅行时，他研究了船所到的国家和岛屿上的植物和动物。While we were having a meeting, Li Ming came in.我们正开会的时候，李明进来了。
考题4：[绥化] While Sally ______ the husewrk, her mther came back frm wrk.A. are ding B. was ding C. did
【分析】本题用语法判定法。由came可知，句子应用过去的时态，排除A项；结合while 可知，从句表达的动作是延续性的，应用过去进行时。
since、till 和 until 引导的时间状语从句
5 e.g. Since Leah came back t Spain, she has been missing Xi’an very much.自从Leah 回到西班牙，她就一直很想念西安。It’s been 5 years since she came t Beijing．她来北京已经5 年了。
注意：since 引导的时间状语从句中，从句的谓语动词表示动作的起点，用一般过去时；主句的谓语动词表示动作开始以后延续至今，一般用现在完成时。如果主句表示不是延续的动作，而是表示目前的情况，可以用一般现在时。
考题5：[北京] Jim _______ a lt abut Chinese culture since he began t study in ur schl. A. learns B. learnedC. will learn D. has learned
【分析】本题用语法判定法。句意：自从吉姆开始在我们学校学习以来，他懂得了许多关于中国文化方面（的知识）。从since 引导的时间状语从句可知，主句用现在完成时态表达“从过去一直持续到现在的动作”。
6 e.g. I waited till/until he arrived. 我一直等到他到来。拓展：until/ till 表示“直到……”；如果主句的谓语动词是瞬时动词，该动词用否定形式，即用 形式，表示“直到……才”，这时until 和till 可用befre 替换。e.g. We wn’t start until/till/ befre Bb cmes. 鲍勃到来之前，我们不会动身。We culd nt affrd a car until after I had finished schl. 在我完成学业之前，我们买不起汽车。
考题6：[邵阳] —Mike, why are yu reading utside? —I cannt enter the library ________ it pens.A. because B. if C. until
【分析】本题用固定搭配法。答语句意：直到图书馆开门了我才能进去。主句是否定形式与后面until 构成“直到……才” 结构。
as sn as 和 whenever 引导的时间状语从句
7 e.g. I will tell him the news as sn as he cmes back.他一回来我就告诉他这个消息。As sn as I went in, Jasn cried ut with pleasure.我一进门，贾森就高兴地大叫起来。
考题7：[桂林] The yung men all shuted “Happy New Year” _______ it was twelve ’clck.A. after B. as sn as C. if
考题8：[乐山] —What’s yur plan fr the summer hliday?—I’ll g t Chengdu as sn as the schl term ______.A. end B. ends C. will end
【分析】本题用语法判定法。本句是as sn as 引导的时间状语从句，符合“主将从现”原则，主句是一般将来时，从句是一般现在时；从句主语是第三人称单数，故谓语动词用其第三人称单数形式。
8 e.g. Cme whenever yu like. 你什么时候想来就来。拓展：whenever 还可作副词, 意为“究竟什么时候”。e.g. Whenever did yu find time t d all that cking?你怎么有时间做了这么多菜？
考题9：________ I meet difficulties, my teacher always encurages me t face them bravely.A. Whenever B. WhateverC. Hwever
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