专题 13 阅读理解记叙文--十年（2015-2024）高考真题英语分项汇编（全国通用）

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Passage 1
【2024新课标Ⅰ卷】“I am nt crazy,” says Dr. William Farber, shrtly after perfrming acupuncture (针灸) n a rabbit. “I am ahead f my time.” If he seems a little defensive, it might be because even sme f his cwrkers ccasinally laugh at his unusual methds. But Farber is certain he’ll have the last laugh. He’s ne f a small but grwing number f American veterinarians (兽医) nw practicing “hlistic” medicine-cmbining traditinal Western treatments with acupuncture, chirpractic (按摩疗法) and herbal medicine.
Farber, a graduate f Clrad State University, started ut as a mre cnventinal veterinarian. He became interested in alternative treatments 20 years ag when he suffered frm terrible back pain. He tried muscle-relaxing drugs but fund little relief. Then he tried acupuncture, an ancient Chinese practice, and was amazed that he imprved after tw r three treatments. What wrked n a veterinarian seemed likely t wrk n his patients. S, after studying the techniques fr a cuple f years, he began ffering them t pets.
Leigh Tindale’s dg Charlie had a serius heart cnditin. After Charlie had a heart attack, Tindale says, she was prepared t put him t sleep, but Farber’s treatments eased her dg’s suffering s much that she was able t keep him alive fr an additinal five mnths. And Priscilla Dewing reprts that her hrse, Nappy, “mves mre easily and rides mre cmfrtably” after a chirpractic adjustment.
Farber is certain that the hlistic apprach will grw mre ppular with time, and if the past is any indicatin, he may be right: Since 1982, membership in the American Hlistic Veterinary Medical Assciatin has grwn frm 30 t ver 700. “Smetimes it surprises me that it wrks s well,” he says. “I will d anything t help an animal. That’s my jb.”
24. What d sme f Farber’s cwrkers think f him?
A. He’s dd.B. He’s strict.C. He’s brave.D. He’s rude.
25. Why did Farber decide t try acupuncture n pets?
A. He was trained in it at university.B. He was inspired by anther veterinarian.
C. He benefited frm it as a patient.D. He wanted t save mney fr pet wners.
26. What des paragraph 3 mainly talk abut?
A. Steps f a chirpractic treatment.B. The cmplexity f veterinarians’ wrk.
C. Examples f rare animal diseases.D. The effectiveness f hlistic medicine.
27. Why des the authr mentin the American Hlistic Veterinary Medical Assciatin?
A. T prve Farber’s pint.B. T emphasize its imprtance.
C. T praise veterinarians.D. T advcate animal prtectin.
【答案】24. A 25. C 26. D 27. A
【导语】本文是记叙文。文章讲述兽医威廉·法伯(William Farber)博士在从针灸中受益后，将综合医疗应用于动物，并取得了初步成效。
【24题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段的“If he seems a little defensive, it might be because even sme f his cwrkers ccasinally laugh at his unusual methds.( 如果他看起来有点自卫，那可能是因为他的一些同事偶尔会嘲笑他不寻常的方法。) ”可知，Farber的同事们有时会嘲笑他不寻常的方法，他们认为他很奇怪。故选A。
【25题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段的“Then he tried acupuncture, an ancient Chinese practice, and was amazed that he imprved after tw r three treatments. What wrked n a veterinarian seemed likely t wrk n his patients. S, after studying the techniques fr a cuple f years, he began ffering them t pets.(然后，他尝试了针灸，这是一种古老的中国疗法，并惊讶地发现，经过两三次治疗，他的病情有所好转。对兽医有效的方法似乎对他的病人也有效。因此，在研究了这些技术几年后，他开始把它们提供给宠物。)”可知，Farber作为患者从针灸中受益，这促使他决定尝试在宠物上使用针灸。故选C。
【26题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第三段内容“Leigh Tindale’s dg Charlie had a serius heart cnditin. After Charlie had a heart attack, Tindale says, she was prepared t put him t sleep, but Farber’s treatments eased her dg’s suffering s much that she was able t keep him alive fr an additinal five mnths. And Priscilla Dewing reprts that her hrse, Nappy, “mves mre easily and rides mre cmfrtably” after a chirpractic adjustment.(利·廷代尔的狗查理患有严重的心脏病。廷代尔说，查理心脏病发作后，她准备让他进入睡眠状态，但法伯的治疗大大减轻了她的狗的痛苦，她能够让它多活五个月。普里西拉·杜因(Priscilla Dewing)报告说，她的马纳皮(Nappy)经过脊椎按摩调整后，“行动更容易，乘车更舒服”。) ”可知，本段主要讲述了两个例子，一个是Farber通过整体医学方法帮助了患有严重心脏病的狗Charlie，另一个是马Nappy在接受脊椎按摩治疗后移动和骑行更为舒适。这些例子都是为了说明整体医学的有效性。故选D。
【27题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段的内容“Farber is certain that the hlistic apprach will grw mre ppular with time, and if the past is any indicatin, he may be right: Since 1982, membership in the American Hlistic Veterinary Medical Assciatin has grwn frm 30 t ver 700. ( 法伯确信，随着时间的推移，综合疗法会越来越受欢迎，如果过去有任何迹象的话，他可能是对的:自1982年以来，美国综合兽医协会的会员已经从30个增加到700多个。)”可知，法伯认为综合疗法会越来越受欢迎，随后作者列举了美国综合兽医协会的会员已经从30个增加到700多个的例子，因此推断美国整体兽医协会是为证明法伯的观点。故选A。
Passage 2
【2024北京卷】When I was a little girl, I liked drawing, freely and jyusly making marks n the walls at hme. In primary schl, I learned t write using chalks. Writing seemed t be anther frm f drawing. I shaped individual letters int repeating lines, which were abstract frms, delightful but meaningless patterns.
In secndary schl, art was my favurite subject. Since. I lved it s much I thught I was gd at it. Fr the art O-level exam I had t present an il painting. I fund it difficult, but still hped t pass. I failed, with a lw grade. I’d been ver-cnfident. Nw I’d been declared talentless.
But ther channels f creativity stayed pen: I went n writing pems and stries. Still, I went t exhibitins ften. I cntinued my habitual drawing, which I nw characterised as childish ddling (乱画). In my 30s, I made painter friends and learned new ways f lking at art. Hwever, I culdn’t let myself have a g at actually ding it. Thugh these new friends were abstract painters using il paints, r were printmakers r sculptrs, I tk il painting as the tab (禁忌) high frm I wasn’t allwed t practice.
One night, in my early 40s, I dreamed that a big wman in red apprached me, handed me a bag f paints, and tld me t start painting. The dream felt s authritative that it shk me. It was a frm f energy, giving me back smething I’d lst. Accrdingly, I started by experimenting with water clurs. Finally, I bught sme il paints.
Althugh I have enjyed breaking my decades-lng tab abut wrking with il paints, I have discvered I nw prefer chalks and ink. I let my line drawings turn int cartns I send t friends. It all feels free and easy. Un-anxius. This time arund, I can accept my limitatins but keep ging.
Becming a successful painter calls fr being reslute. I realised I was always afraid f wanting t much. That dream reminded me that thse fears and desires culd encurage me t take risks and make experiments.
24. Hw did the authr feel abut the result f the art exam?
A. Scared.B. Wrried.C. Discuraged.D. Wrnged.
25. In her 30s, the authr _________.
A. avided il painting practiceB. sught fr a painting career
C. fancied abstract paintingD. exhibited child paintings
26. Which wrd wuld best describe the authr’s dream?
A. Cnfusing.B. Empwering.
C. Disturbing.D. Entertaining.
27. What can we learn frm this passage?
A. Actins speak luder than wrds.B. Hard wrk is the mther f success.
C. Dreams are the reflectins f realities.D. Creative activities invlve being cnfident.
【答案】24. C 25. A 26. B 27. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者一直喜欢绘画，但中学时由于油画测试成绩较低，作者对绘画失去了信心。在40岁出头时，一个梦让作者重拾画油画的信心并接受了自身局限性的故事。
【24题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段“I fund it difficult, but still hped t pass. I failed, with a lw grade. I’d been ver-cnfident. Nw I’d been declared talentless.(我觉得很难，但仍希望能通过测试。我没有通过，而且成绩很低。我过于自信了。现在，我被宣布为毫无(油画)天赋的人了)”并结合下文中作者多年不碰油画的经历可推知，作者对美术考试的结果感到气馁。故选C。
【25题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段“In my 30s, I made painter friends and learned new ways f lking at art.(在我30多岁时，我结交了画家朋友们，学到了看待艺术的新方法)”和“Thugh these new friends were abstract painters using il paints, r were printmakers r sculptrs, I tk il painting as the tab (禁忌) high frm I wasn’t allwed t practice. (虽然这些新朋友是使用油画颜料的抽象画师，或者是版画家或雕塑家，但我把油画作为禁忌的高级形式，不允许我练习)”可知，作者在30多岁时回避练习油画。故选A。
【26题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段“The dream felt s authritative that it shk me. It was a frm f energy, giving me back smething I’d lst. (这个梦给我的感觉是如此的权威，它震撼了我。它是能量的一种形式，让我回我失去了的东西)”可知，作者的梦赋予作者练习油画的力量。故选B。
【27题详解】
推理判断题。根据第六段“Becming a successful painter calls fr being reslute. I realised I was always afraid f wanting t much. (成为一名成功的画家需要有决心。我意识到我总是害怕想要得太多)”及文章内容可知，本文主要讲述了作者一直喜欢绘画，但中学时由于油画测试成绩较低，作者对绘画失去了信心。在40岁出头时，一个梦让作者重拾画油画的信心并接受了自身局限性的故事。由此可推知，我们能从文章中学到创作活动需要自信，故选D。
Passage 3
【2024浙江1月卷】When was the last time yu used a telephne bx? I mean t make an actual phne call — nt t shelter frm the rain. Ages ag right? The last time I used a phne bx fr its intended purpse was…2006. I was cnducting auditins (试演) fr my play in my tiny ld shared huse in Lndn. Hping t impress sme talented actrs t cme and wrk fr me fr nthing, I spread sme thrws ver the sfas and lit candles t make it seem a bit mre ”yung prfessinal”.
As I rushed utdrs t empty the wastepaper baskets, the dr swung shut behind me. Suddenly I was lcked utside. My mbile phne was inside, but luckily there was a telephne bx acrss the street. S, I called Directry Assistance, gt put thrugh t ur landlady’s managing agent, and had a spare key sent t me with just enugh time t get back in befre the actrs arrived.
As it has been many years since I last used ne, I shuld hardly be surprised that then are n lnger any public telephnes near my huse. The last ne standing has just been turn int a “mini cmmunity library”: any passer-by can “brrw” a bk frm its shelves return it later, r replace it with anther title frm their wn cllectin.
Fr a few mnths after the “library” pened, I didn’t bther taking a lk, as I had assumed that it wuld be stuffed full f cheese lve stries. Then I nticed frk cnducting spring cleans drpping bxes f vluminus bks n varius subjects there. And these bks were free. This unbeatable price-pint encuraged me t experiment with dzens f titles that I wuld never nrmally cnsider buying. And I’ve discvered sme great bks!
If I ever get trapped utside my huse again, my lcal telephne bx will, sadly n lnger be able t cnnect me with my keys. But it can certainly keep me entertained while I wait fr my wife t rescue me.
4. What des the underlined wrd “it” in the first paragraph refer t?
A. The play.B. The shared huse.
C. The sfa.D. The telephne bx.
5. Why did the authr use the telephne bx in 2006?
A. T place an urgent call.B. T put up a ntice.
C. T shelter frm the rain.D. T hld an auditin.
6. What d we knw abut the “mini cmmunity library”?
A. It prvides phne service fr free.B. Anyne can cntribute t its cllectin.
C. It is ppular amng yung readers.D. Bks must be returned within a mnth.
7. Why did the authr start t use the “library”?
A. He wanted t brrw sme lve stries.
B. He was encuraged by a clse neighbur.
C. He fund there were excellent free bks.
D. He thught it was an ideal place fr reading.
【答案】4. B 5. A 6. B 7. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。随着手机的普及，电话亭渐渐地被人们遗忘，作者家附近的最后一个电话亭被改造成了“迷你图书馆”，作者偶然发现那里有很多不错的免费书籍，这让作者觉得很棒。
【4题详解】
词句猜测题。根据第一段第五句“I was cnducting auditins (试演) fr my play in my tiny ld shared huse in Lndn.(我当时在伦敦我那狭小的合租房子里为我的剧本进行试演。)”可知，此处是指使“我”的合租房看起来更“年轻专业”一点，所以it代指“合租房”。故选B。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段第四句“S, I called Directry Assistance, gt put thrugh t ur landlady’s managing agent, and had a spare key sent t me with just enugh time t get back in befre the actrs arrived.(所以，我打电话给电话查号台，接通了女房东的经纪人，他们给了我一把备用钥匙，刚好来得及在演员们到来之前回去。)”可知，作者在2006年使用电话亭是为了拨打紧急电话。故选A。
【6题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段第二句“The last ne standing has just been turn int a “mini cmmunity library”: any passer-by can “brrw” a bk frm its shelves return it later, r replace it with anther title frm their wn cllectin.(最后一个被改造成了一个“迷你社区图书馆”：任何路过的人都可以从它的书架上“借”书，以后还回来，或者用自己收藏的另一本书来替换。)”可知，任何人都可以为“迷你社区图书馆”的捐赠图书。故选B。
【7题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段最后四句“Then I nticed frk cnducting spring cleans drpping bxes f vluminus bks n varius subjects there. And these bks were free. This unbeatable price-pint encuraged me t experiment with dzens f titles that I wuld never nrmally cnsider buying. And I’ve discvered sme great bks!(然后我注意到福克正在进行春季大扫除，把各种主题的大书一箱箱地扔到那里。而且这些书是免费的。这个无与伦比的价格点鼓励我尝试许多我通常不会考虑购买的标题。我还发现了一些很棒的书！)”可知，作者发现“迷你图书馆”里有很多免费的很棒的书，所以开始使用。故选C。
2023年
Passage 1
【2023年新高考全国Ⅰ卷】When Jhn Tdd was a child, he lved t explre the wds arund his huse, bserving hw nature slved prblems. A ditry stream, fr example, ften became clear after flwing thrugh plants and alng rcks where tiny creatures lived. When he gt lder, Jhn started t wnder if this prcess culd be used t clean up the messes peple were making.
After studying agriculture, medicine, and fisheries in cllege, Jhn went back t bserving nature and asking questins. Why can certain plants trap harmful bacteria (细菌)? Which kinds f fish can eat cancer-causing chemicals? With the right cmbinatin f animals and plants, he figured, maybe he culd clean up waste the way nature did. He decided t build what he wuld later call an ec-machine.
The task Jhn set fr himself was t remve harmful substances frm sme sludge (污泥). First, he cnstructed a series f clear fiberglass tanks cnnected t each ther. Then he went arund t lcal pnds and streams and brught back sme plants and animals. He placed them in the tanks and waited. Little by little, these different kinds f life gt used t ne anther and frmed their wn ecsystem. After a few weeks, Jhn added the sludge.
He was amazed at the results. The plants and animals in the ec-machine tk the sludge as fd and began t eat it! Within weeks, it had all been digested, and all that was left was pure water.
Over the years Jhn has taken n many big jbs. He develped a greenhuse-like facility that treated sewage (污水) frm 1,600 hmes in Suth Burlingtn. He als designed an ec-machine t clean canal water in Fuzhu, a city in sutheast China.
“Eclgical design” is the name Jhn gives t what he des. “Life n Earth is kind f a bx f spare parts fr the inventr,” he says. “Yu put rganisms in new relatinships and bserve what’s happening. Then yu let these new systems develp their wn ways t self-repair.”
4. What can we learn abut Jhn frm the first tw paragraphs?
A. He was fnd f traveling.B. He enjyed being alne.
C. He had an inquiring mind.D. He lnged t be a dctr.
5. Why did Jhn put the sludge int the tanks?
A. T feed the animals.B. T build an ecsystem.
C. T prtect the plants.D. T test the ec-machine.
6. What is the authr’s purpse in mentining Fuzhu?
A. T review Jhn’s research plans.B. T shw an applicatin f Jhn’s idea.
C. T cmpare Jhn’s different jbs.D. T erase dubts abut Jhn’s inventin.
7. What is the basis fr Jhn’s wrk?
A. Nature can repair itself.B. Organisms need water t survive.
C. Life n Earth is diverse.D. Mst tiny creatures live in grups.
【答案】4. C 5. D 6. B 7. A
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了Jhn Tdd从小就很爱思考且好学，他建造了一个生态机器，利用自然可以自我修复的原理来净化污水。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段“When Jhn Tdd was a child, he lved t explre the wds arund his huse, bserving hw nature slved prblems. A ditry stream, fr example, ften became clear after flwing thrugh plants and alng rcks where tiny creatures lived. When he gt lder, Jhn started t wnder if this prcess culd be used t clean up the messes peple were making.(当约翰·托德还是个孩子的时候，他喜欢探索房子周围的树林，观察大自然是如何解决问题的。例如，一条肮脏的小溪流经植物和微小生物居住的岩石后，往往变得清澈。长大后，约翰开始思考这个过程是否可以用来清理人们制造的混乱)”以及第二段“After studying agriculture, medicine, and fisheries in cllege, Jhn went back t bserving nature and asking questins. Why can certain plants trap harmful bacteria (细菌)? Which kinds f fish can eat cancer-causing chemicals?(在大学学习了农业、医学和渔业之后，约翰又回到了观察自然和提出问题的生活中。为什么某些植物能捕获有害细菌？哪些鱼类会食用致癌化学物质？)”可知，约翰聪颖好学、好奇心很强。故选C。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段“After a few weeks, Jhn added the sludge.(几个星期后，约翰把污泥加了进去)”以及倒数第三段“He was amazed at the results. The plants and animals in the ec-machine tk the sludge as fd and began t eat it! Within weeks, it had all been digested, and all that was left was pure water.(他对结果感到惊讶。生态机器里的动植物把污泥当成了食物，开始吃起来！几周之内，它就被消化了，只剩下纯净水)”可知，约翰把污泥放进罐子里为了测试生态机器。故选D。
【6题详解】
推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“Over the years, Jhn has taken n many big jbs. He develped a greenhuse-like facility that treated sewage (污水) frm 1,600 hmes in Suth Burlingtn. He als designed an ec-machine t clean canal water in Fuzhu, a city in sutheast China.(这些年来，约翰承担了许多重大工作。他开发了一个类似温室的设施，可以处理来自南伯灵顿1600户家庭的污水。他还设计了一种生态机器来清洁中国东南部城市福州的运河水)”可推知，作者提到福州的目的是展示约翰想法的应用。故选B。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“Yu put rganisms in new relatinships and bserve what’s happening. Then yu let these new systems develp their wn ways t self-repair.(你把生物体放在新的关系中，观察会发生什么。然后让这些新系统自行发展自我修复的方式)”可知，约翰工作的基础是自然可以自我修复。故选A。
Passage 2
【2023年新高考全国Ⅱ卷】Turning sil, pulling weeds, and harvesting cabbage sund like tugh wrk fr middle and high schl kids. And at first it is, says Abby Jaramill, wh with anther teacher started Urban Spruts, a schl garden prgram at fur lw-incme schls. The prgram aims t help students develp science skills, envirnmental awareness, and healthy lifestyles.
Jaramill’s students live in neighbrhds where fresh fd and green space are nt easy t find and fast fd restaurants utnumber grcery stres. “The kids literally cme t schl with bags f snacks and large bttles f sft drinks,” she says. “They cme t us thinking vegetables are awful, dirt is awful, insects are awful.” Thugh sme are initially scared f the insects and turned ff by the dirt, mst are eager t try smething new.
Urban Spruts’ classes, at tw middle schls and tw high schls, include hands-n experiments such as sil testing, flwer-and-seed dissectin, tastings f fresh r dried prduce, and wrk in the garden. Several times a year, students ck the vegetables they grw, and they ccasinally make salads fr their entire schls.
Prgram evaluatins shw that kids eat mre vegetables as a result f the classes. “We have students wh say they went hme and talked t their parents and nw they’re eating differently,” Jaramill says.
She adds that the prgram’s benefits g beynd nutritin. Sme students get s interested in gardening that they bring hme seeds t start their wn vegetable gardens. Besides, wrking in the garden seems t have a calming effect n Jaramill’s special educatin students, many f whm have emtinal cntrl issues. “They get utside,” she says, “and they feel successful.”
4. What d we knw abut Abby Jaramill?
A. She used t be a health wrker.B. She grew up in a lw-incme family.
C. She wns a fast fd restaurant.D. She is an initiatr f Urban Spruts.
5. What was a prblem facing Jaramill at the start f the prgram?
A. The kids’ parents distrusted her.B. Students had little time fr her classes.
C. Sme kids disliked garden wrk.D. There was n space fr schl gardens.
6. Which f the fllwing best describes the impact f the prgram?
A. Far-reaching.B. Predictable.
C. Shrt-lived.D. Unidentifiable.
7. What can be a suitable title fr the text?
A. Rescuing Schl GardensB. Experiencing Cuntry Life
C. Grwing Vegetable LversD. Changing Lcal Landscape
【答案】4. D 5. C 6. A 7. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是记叙文。文章主要讲述了Abby Jaramill等老师在低收入学校发起的培养学生科学能力，环保意识以及健康生活方式的Urban Spruts花园项目，让学生通过体验乡村生活，对学生影响深远。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段的“And at first it is, says Abby Jaramill, wh with anther teacher started Urban Spruts, a schl garden prgram at fur lw-incme schls.(起初是这样的，艾比·哈拉米洛说，她和另一位老师在四所低收入学校启动了“Urban Spruts”学校花园项目。)”可知，艾比·哈拉米洛是Urban Spruts的发起者。故选D。
【5题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段的“she says. “They cme t us thinking vegetables are awful, dirt is awful, insects are awful.” Thugh sme are initially scared f the insects and turned ff by the dirt, mst are eager t try smething new.(她说。“他们来找我们，认为蔬菜很可怕，泥土很可怕，昆虫也很可怕。”虽然有些人一开始害怕昆虫，对泥土感到厌烦，但大多数人都渴望尝试新的东西。)”可知，项目之初，一些学生不喜欢园艺工作。故选C。
【6题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“She adds that the prgram’s benefits g beynd nutritin. Sme students get s interested in gardening that they bring hme seeds t start their wn vegetable gardens. Besides, wrking in the garden seems t have a calming effect n Jaramill’s special educatin students, many f whm have emtinal cntrl issues. “They get utside,” she says, “and they feel successful.”(她补充说，该计划的好处不仅仅是营养。有些学生对园艺非常感兴趣，他们带回家种子开始自己的菜园。此外，在花园里工作似乎对Jaramill的特殊教育学生有镇静作用，他们中的许多人都有情绪控制问题。“他们走了出去，”她说，“他们觉得成功。”)”可知，这个项目不仅给学生提供了有营养的食物，而且许多学生回家开创了自己的菜园，对有情绪控制问题的学生也起到了镇静作用，从而推知，该项目的影响是深远的。故选A。
【7题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第一段的“And at first it is, says Abby Jaramill, wh with anther teacher started Urban Spruts, a schl garden prgram at fur lw-incme schls. The prgram aims t help students develp science skills, envirnmental awareness, and healthy lifestyles.(起初是这样的，艾比·哈拉米洛说，她和另一位老师在四所低收入学校启动了“Urban Spruts”学校花园项目。该项目旨在帮助学生培养科学技能、环保意识和健康的生活方式。)”以及下文内容可知，文章主要讲述了Abby Jaramill等老师在低收入学校发起的培养学生科学能力，环保意识以及健康生活方式的Urban Spruts花园项目，让学生体验乡村生活，对学生影响深远。因此推断B项“体验乡村生活”符合文意，最适合作为本文标题。故选B。
Passage 3
【2023年全国乙卷】 Living in Iwa and trying t becme a phtgrapher specializing in landscape (风景) can be quite a challenge, mainly because the crn state lacks gegraphical variatin.
Althugh landscapes in the Midwest tend t be quite similar, either farm fields r highways, smetimes I find distinctive character in the hills r lakes. T make sme f my landscape shts, I have traveled up t fur hurs away t sht within a 10-minute time frame. I tend t travel with a few f my friends t state parks r t the cuntryside t g n adventures and take phts alng the way.
Being at the right place at the right time is decisive in any style f phtgraphy. I ften leave early t seek the right destinatins s I can set up early t avid missing the mment I am attempting t phtgraph. I have missed plenty f beautiful sunsets/sunrises due t being n the spt nly five minutes befre the best mment.
One time my friends and I drve three hurs t Devil’s Lake, Wiscnsin, t climb the purple quartz (石英) rck arund the lake. After we fund a crazy-lking rad that hung ver a bunch f rcks, we decided t phtgraph the scene at sunset. The psitin enabled us t lk ver the lake with the sunset in the backgrund. We managed t leave this spt t climb higher because f the spare time until sunset. Hwever, we did nt mark the rute (路线) s we ended up almst missing the sunset entirely. Once we fund the place, it was stressful getting lights and cameras set up in the limited time. Still, lking back n the phts, they are sme f my best shts thugh they culd have been s much better if I wuld have been prepared and managed my time wisely.
4. Hw des the authr deal with the challenge as a landscape phtgrapher in the Midwest?
A. By teaming up with ther phtgraphers.B. By shting in the cuntryside r state parks.
C. By studying the gegraphical cnditins.D. By creating settings in the crn fields.
5. What is the key t successful landscape phtgraphy accrding t the authr?
A. Prper time management.B. Gd shting techniques.
C. Adventurus spirit.D. Distinctive styles.
6. What can we infer frm the authr trip with friends t Devil’s Lake?
A. They went crazy with the purple quartz rck.
B. They felt stressed while waiting fr the sunset.
C. They reached the shting spt later than expected.
D. They had prblems with their emipment.
7. Hw des the authr find his phts taken at Devil’s Lake?
A. Amusing.B. Satisfying.
C. Encuraging.D. Cmfrting.
【答案】4. B 5. A 6. C 7. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者作为一名风景摄影师，在摄影途中发生的一些所见所闻。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。通过文章第二段“I tend t travel with a few f my friends t state parks r t the cuntryside t g n adventures and take phts alng the way. (我倾向于和几个朋友一起去州立公园或乡村探险，沿途拍照)”可知，作为一名中西部的风景摄影师，作者应对挑战的方式是去乡村或州立公园拍摄。故选B。
【5题详解】
推理判断题。通过文章最后一段“Still, lking back n the phts, they are sme f my best shts thugh they culd have been s much better if I wuld have been prepared and managed my time wisely. (尽管如此，回顾这些照片，它们仍然是我最好的一些照片，尽管如果我能明智地准备和管理我的时间，它们本可以拍得更好)”可推知，作者认为，风景摄影成功的关键是适当的时间管理。故选A。
【6题详解】
推理判断题。通过文章最后一段“Hwever, we did nt mark the rute (路线) s we ended up almst missing the sunset entirely. (然而，我们没有标出路线，所以我们几乎完全错过了日落)”可推知，作者在与朋友的魔鬼湖之旅中，到达拍摄地点的时间比预期的要晚。故选C。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。通过文章最后一段“Still, lking back n the phts, they are sme f my best shts thugh they culd have been s much better if I wuld have been prepared and managed my time wisely. (尽管如此，回顾这些照片，它们仍然是我最好的一些照片，尽管如果我能明智地准备和管理我的时间，它们本可以拍得更好)”可推知，作者认为自己在魔鬼湖拍摄的照片是令人满意的。故选B。
Passage 4
【2023年全国甲卷】Terri Bltn is a dab hand when it cmes t DIY (d-it-yurself). Skilled at putting up shelves and piecing tgether furniture, she never pays smene else t d a jb she can d herself.
She credits these skills t her late grandfather and builder Derek Llyd. Frm the age f six, Terri, nw 26, accmpanied Derek t wrk during her schl hlidays. A day’s wrk was rewarded with £5 in pcket mney. She says: “I’m sure I wasn’t much f a help t start with, painting the rms and putting dwn the flring thrughut the huse. It tk weeks and is was backbreaking wrk, but I knw he was prud f my skills.”
Terri, wh nw rents a huse with friends in Wandswrth, Suth West Lndn, says DIY als saves her frm lsing any depsit when a tenancy (租期) cmes t an end. She adds: “I’ve mved huse many times and I always like t persnalise my rm and put up pictures, s, it’s been useful t knw hw t cver up hles and repaint a rm t avid any charges when I’ve mved ut.”
With millins f peple likely t take n DIY prjects ver that cming weeks, new research shws that mre than half f peple are planning t make the mst f the lng, warm summer days t get jbs dne. The average spend per prject will be arund £823. Tw thirds f peple aim t imprve their cmfrt while at hme. Tw fifth wish t increase the value f their huse. Thugh DIY has traditinally been seen as male hbby, the research shws it is wmen nw leading the charge.
24. Which is clsest in meaning t “a dab hand” in paragraph 1?
A. An artist.B. A winner.C. A specialist.D. A pineer.
25. Why did Terri’s grandfather give her £5 a day?
A. Fr a birthday gift.B. As a treat fr her wrk.
C. T supprt her DIY prjects.D. T encurage her t take up a hbby.
26. Hw did Terri avid lsing the depsit n the huse she rented?
A. By making it lk like befre.B. By furnishing it herself.
C. By splitting the rent with a rmmate.D. By cancelling the rental agreement.
27. What trend in DIY des the research shw?
A. It is becming mre cstly.B. It is getting mre time-cnsuming.
C. It is turning int a seasnal industry.D. It is gaining ppularity amng females.
【答案】4. C 5. B 6. A 7. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，文章主要讲述了一位DIY高手Terri Bltnis的技能以及DIY项目可能会在女性群体中变成一种潮流趋势。
【4题详解】
词句猜测题。根据文章第一段画线短语下文“Skilled at putting up shelves and piecing tgether furniture, she never pays smene else t d a jb she can d herself. (她擅长摆架子和拼接家具，从不付钱给别人做她自己能做的工作)”可推知，此处指Terri Bltnis是一位DIY高手。C项“A specialist (一位专业人员)”最接近画线短语“a dab hand”的意思。故选C。
【5题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第二段“She credits these skills t her late grandfather and builder Derek Llyd. Frm the age f six, Terri, nw 26, accmpanied Derek t wrk during her schl hlidays. A day’s wrk was rewarded with £ 5 in pcket mney. (她将这些技能归功于她已故的祖父兼建筑商Derek Llyd。从六岁起，现年26岁的Terri就在学校放假期间陪Derek去上班。一天的工作得到了5英镑零花钱的奖励)”以及“It tk weeks and is was backbreaking wrk, but I knw he was prud f my skills. (这花了几个星期的时间，是一项艰苦的工作，但我知道他为我的技能感到骄傲)”可推知，Terri的祖父每天给她5英镑是作为对她的工作的鼓励。故选B。
【6题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第三段“S, it’s been useful t knw hw t cver up hles and repaint a rm t avid any charges when I’ve mved ut. (所以，当我搬出去时，知道如何掩盖漏洞并重新粉刷房间以避免任何费用是很有用的)”可推知，Terri是通过粉饰房间，让它看起来像以前一样，来避免被扣除租房的押金的。故选A。
【7题详解】
细节理解题。通过文章最后一段“the research shws it is wmen nw leading the charge (研究表明，现在是女性主导了这项运动)”可知，研究表明，DIY将在女性中越来越受欢迎。故选D。
Passage 5
【2023年北京卷】Sitting in the garden fr my friend’s birthday. I felt a buzz (振动) in my pcket. My heart raced when I saw the email sender’s name. The email started ff: “Dear Mr Green, thank yu fr yur interest” and “the review prcess tk lnger than expected.” It ended with “We are srry t infrm yu…”and my visin blurred (模糊). The psitin—measuring sil quality in the Sahara Desert as part f an undergraduate research prgramme — had felt like the answer I had spent years lking fr.
I had put s much time and emtinal energy int applying, and I thught the rejectin meant the end f the rad fr my science career.
S I was shcked when, nt lng after the email, Prfessr Mary Devn, wh was running the prgramme, invited me t bserve the wrk being dne in her lab. I jumped at the chance, and a few weeks later I was equally shcked—and verjyed—when she invited me t talk with her abut ptential prjects I culd pursue in her lab. What she prpsed didn’t seem as exciting as the riginal prject I had applied t, but I was ging t give it my all.
I fund myself wrking with a rbtics prfessr n techniques fr cllecting data frm the desert remtely. That prject, which I culd cmplete frm my sfa instead f in the burning heat f the desert, nt nly survived the lckdwn but wrked where traditinal methds didn’t. In the end, I had a new scientific interest t pursue.
When I applied t graduate schl, I fund three prgrammes prmising t allw me t fllw my desired research directin. And I applied with the same anxius excitement as befre. When I was rejected frm ne that had seemed like a perfect fit, it was undubtedly difficult. But this time I had the perspective (视角) t keep it frm sending me int panic. It helped that in the end I was accepted int ne f the ther prgrammes I was als excited abut.
Rather than setting plans in stne, I’ve learned that smetimes I need t take the pprtunities that are ffered, even if they dn’t sund perfect at the time, and make the mst f them.
24. Hw did the authr feel upn seeing the email sender’s name?
A. Anxius.B. Angry.C. Surprised.D. Settled.
25. After talking with Prfessr Devn, the authr decided t ________.
A. criticise the review prcessB. stay lnger in the Sahara Desert
C. apply t the riginal prject againD. put his heart and sul int the lab wrk
26. Accrding t the authr, the prject with the rbtics prfessr was ________.
A. demandingB. inspiringC. misleadingD. amusing
27. What can we learn frm this passage?
A. An invitatin is a reputatin.B. An innvatin is a reslutin.
C. A rejectin can be a redirectin.D. A reflectin can be a restrictin.
【答案】24. A 25. D 26. B 27. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章中作者结合自己被拒绝后得到了更好的职业发展机会，告诉我们最初的拒绝给予了更好的方向。
【24题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段“My heart raced when I saw the email sender’s name. The email started ff: “Dear Mr Green, thank yu fr yur interest” and “the review prcess tk lnger than expected.” It ended with “We are srry t infrm yu…”and my visin blurred (模糊). (当我看到邮件发件人的名字时，我的心跳加速了。这封邮件是这样开头的：“亲爱的格林先生，感谢您的关注”，“审核过程比预期的要长。”信的结尾是“我们很抱歉地通知你……”，我的视线模糊了)”可知，收到的是被拒绝的邮件，所以推测作者在看到电子邮件发件人的名字时感到焦虑。故选A。
【25题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段“S I was shcked when, nt lng after the email, Prfessr Mary Devn, wh was running the prgramme, invited me t bserve the wrk being dne in her lab. I jumped at the chance, and a few weeks later I was equally shcked—and verjyed—when she invited me t talk with her abut ptential prjects I culd pursue in her lab. What she prpsed didn’t seem as exciting as the riginal prject I had applied t, but I was ging t give it my all. (因此，当我收到这封邮件后不久，负责这个项目的玛丽·德文教授邀请我去她的实验室观察正在进行的工作时，我感到非常震惊。我欣然接受了这个机会，几周后，当她邀请我和她谈谈我可以在她的实验室里从事的潜在项目时，我同样感到震惊——同时也是欣喜若狂。她提出的建议似乎没有我最初申请的项目那么令人兴奋，但我打算全力以赴)”可知，与德文教授交谈后，作者决定全心全意地投入实验室工作。故选D。
【26题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段“I fund myself wrking with a rbtics prfessr n techniques fr cllecting data frm the desert remtely. That prject, which I culd cmplete frm my sfa instead f in the burning heat f the desert, nt nly survived the lckdwn but wrked where traditinal methds didn’t. In the end, I had a new scientific interest t pursue. (我发现自己和一个机器人教授一起研究从沙漠中远程收集数据的技术。我可以在沙发上完成这个项目，而不是在沙漠的酷热中完成，它不仅在封锁期间幸存下来，而且在传统方法不奏效的地方也奏效了。最后，我有了新的科学兴趣去追求)”可推知，机器人学教授的项目很鼓舞人心。故选B。
【27题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“Rather than setting plans in stne, I’ve learned that smetimes I need t take the pprtunities that are ffered, even if they dn’t sund perfect at the time, and make the mst f them. (我明白了有时候我需要抓住提供机会，即使这些机会在当时听起来并不完美，也要充分利用，而不是一成不变地制定计划)”结合文章中作者结合自己被拒绝后得到了更好的职业发展机会，告诉我们最初的拒绝给予了更好的方向。故C选项“拒绝可以是重定向”最符合文章的主旨。故选C。
Passage6
【2023年浙江1月卷】Live with rmmates? Have friends and family arund yu? Chances are that if yu’re lking t live a mre sustainable lifestyle, nt everyne arund yu will be ready t jump n that bandwagn.
I experienced this when I started switching t a zer waste lifestyle five years ag, as I was living with my parents, and I cntinue t experience this with my husband, as he is nt cmpletely zer waste like me. I’ve learned a few things alng the way thugh, which I hpe yu’ll find encuraging if yu’re ding yur best t figure ut hw yu can make the change in a nt-always-supprtive husehld.
Zer waste was a radical lifestyle mvement a few years back. I remember shwing my parents a vide f Bea Jhnsn, sharing hw cl I thught it wuld be t buy grceries with jars, and have s little trash! A few days later, I came back with my first jars f zer waste grceries, and my dad cmmented n hw silly it was fr me t carry jars everywhere. It came ff as a bit discuraging.
Yet as the mnths f reducing waste cntinued, I did what I culd that was within my wn reach. I had my wn bedrm, s I wrked n remving things I didn’t need. Since I had my wn tiletries (洗漱用品), I was able t start persnalising my rutine t be mre sustainable. I als ffered t ck every s ften, s I prtined ut a bit f the cupbard fr my wn zer waste grceries. Perhaps yur husehld wn’t entirely make the switch, but yu may have sme cntrl ver yur wn persnal spaces t make the changes yu desire.
As yu make yur lifestyle changes, yu may find yurself wanting t speak up fr yurself if thers cmment n what yu’re ding, which can turn itself int a whle husehld debate. If yu have individuals wh are nt n bard, yur wrds prbably wn’t d much and can ften leave yu feeling mre discuraged.
S here is my advice: Lead by actin.
24．What d the underlined wrds “jump n that bandwagn” mean in the first paragraph?
A．Share an apartment with yu.B．Jin yu in what yu’re ding.
C．Transfrm yur way f living.D．Help yu t make the decisin.
25．What was the attitude f the authr’s father tward buying grceries with jars?
A．He disapprved f it.B．He was favrable t it.
C．He was tlerant f it.D．He didn’t care abut it.
26．What can we infer abut the authr?
A．She is quite gd at cking.B．She respects thers’ privacy.
C．She enjys being a husewife.D．She is a determined persn.
27．What is the text mainly abut?
A．Hw t get n well with ther family members.
B．Hw t have ne’s wn persnal space at hme.
C．Hw t live a zer waste lifestyle in a husehld.
D．Hw t cntrl the budget when buying grceries.
【答案】24．B 25．A 26．D 27．C
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者如何在家庭中过零浪费的生活方式。
24．词句猜测题。根据划线部分前文“Chances are that if yu’re lking t live a mre sustainable lifestyle, nt everyne arund yu will be ready t(如果你想过一种更可持续的生活方式，可能不是你周围的每个人都准备好)”及第二段中的“I’ve learned a few things alng the way thugh, which I hpe yu’ll find encuraging if yu’re ding yur best t figure ut hw yu can make the change in a nt-always-supprtive husehld.(在这个过程中，我学到了一些东西，我希望如果你在一个不总是支持你的家庭中尽最大努力去弄清楚如何做出改变，你会感到鼓舞)”可知，如果你想过一种更可持续的生活方式，可能不是你周围的每个人都准备好加入这一运动。由此推知，划线词组jump n that bandwagn与Jin yu in what yu’re ding.(加入你正在做的事情)意思接近。故选B。
25．推理判断题。根据第三段中的“A few days later, I came back with my first jars f zer waste grceries, and my dad cmmented n hw silly it was fr me t carry jars everywhere. It came ff as a bit discuraging.(几天后，我带着第一罐零废物杂货回来了，我父亲评论说，我到处带着罐子是多么愚蠢。结果有点令人沮丧)”可推知，作者的父亲不赞成用罐子买食品杂货。故选A。
26．推理判断题。根据第四段中的“Yet as the mnths f reducing waste cntinued, I did what I culd that was within my wn reach. (然而，随着减少浪费的几个月的持续，我尽了自己力所能及的努力)”及“Perhaps yur husehld wn’t entirely make the switch, but yu may have sme cntrl ver yur wn persnal spaces t make the changes yu desire.(也许你的家庭不会完全改变，但你可以控制自己的个人空间，做出你想要的改变)”可推知，作者是一个意志坚定的人。故选D。
27．主旨大意题。根据第一段中的“Chances are that if yu’re lking t live a mre sustainable lifestyle, nt everyne arund yu will be ready t jump n that bandwagn.(如果你想过一种更可持续的生活方式，可能不是你周围的每个人都准备好加入这一运动)”及第二段中的“I’ve learned a few things alng the way thugh, which I hpe yu’ll find encuraging if yu’re ding yur best t figure ut hw yu can make the change in a nt-always-supprtive husehld.(在这个过程中，我学到了一些东西，我希望如果你在一个不总是支持你的家庭中尽最大努力去弄清楚如何做出改变，你会感到鼓舞)”可知，文章主要讲述了作者如何在家庭中过零浪费的生活方式。故选C。
2022年记叙文
Passage1
【2022年新高考全国Ⅱ卷】We jurnalists live in a new age f strytelling, with many new multimedia tls. Many yung peple dn’t even realize it’s new. Fr them, it’s just nrmal.
This hit hme fr me as I was sitting with my 2-year-ld grandsn n a sfa ver the Spring Festival hliday. I had brught a children’s bk t read. It had simple wrds and clrful pictures — a perfect match fr his age.
Picture this: my grandsn sitting n my lap as I hld the bk in frnt s he can see the pictures. As I read, he reaches ut and pkes (戳) the page with his finger.
What’s up with that? He just likes the pictures, I thught. Then I turned the page and cntinued. He pked the page even harder. I nearly drpped the bk. I was cnfused: Is there smething wrng with this kid?
Then I realized what was happening. He was actually a stranger t bks. His father frequently amused the by with a tablet cmputer which was laded with clrful pictures that cme alive when yu pke them. He thught my strybk was like that.
Srry, kid. This bk is nt part f yur high-tech wrld. It’s an utdated, lifeless thing. An antique, like yur grandfather. Well, I may be ld, but I’m nt hpelessly challenged, digitally speaking. I edit vide and prduce audi. I use mbile payment. I’ve even built websites.
There’s ne ntable gap in my new-media experience, hwever: I’ve spent little time in frnt f a camera, since I have a face made fr radi. But that didn’t stp China Daily frm asking me last week t share a persnal stry fr a vide prject abut the integratin f Beijing, Tianjin and Hebei prvince.
Anyway, grandpa is nw an internet star — tw minutes f fame! I prmise nt t let it g t my head. But I will make sure my 2-year-ld grandsn sees it n his tablet.
4. What d the underlined wrds “hit hme fr me” mean in paragraph 2?
A. Prvided shelter fr me. B. Became very clear t me.
C. Tk the pressure ff me. D. Wrked quite well n me.
5. Why did the kid pke the strybk?
A. He tk it fr a tablet cmputer. B. He disliked the clrful pictures.
C. He was angry with his grandpa. D. He wanted t read it by himself.
6. What des the authr think f himself?
A. Scially ambitius. B. Physically attractive.
C. Financially independent. D. Digitally cmpetent.
7. What can we learn abut the authr as a jurnalist?
A. He lacks experience in his jb. B. He seldm appears n televisin.
C. He manages a vide department. D. He ften interviews internet stars.
【答案】4. B 5. A 6. D 7. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者曾经是一名记者，在春节期间，作者给孙子拿了一本儿童读物，孙子却以为是平板电脑，不停地戳书。
【4题详解】
词句猜测题。根据第一段“We jurnalists live in a new age f strytelling, with many new multimedia tls. Many yung peple dn’t even realize it’s new. Fr them, it’s just nrmal. ”以及画线词后文“as I was sitting with my 2-year-ld grandsn n a sfa ver the Spring Festival hliday. ”可知，作者是记者，生活在一个讲故事的新时代，有许多新的多媒体工具。许多年轻人甚至没有意识到它是新的。对他们来说，这很正常。而这在春节假期，作者和两岁的孙子坐在沙发上，尤其清楚认识到了这一点。故画线词意思是“我很清楚”。故选B。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。根据第五段中“He was actually a stranger t bks. His father frequently amused the by with a tablet cmputer which was laded with clrful pictures that cme alive when yu pke them. He thught my strybk was like that. (事实上，他对书本并不熟悉。他的父亲经常用一台装有彩色图片的平板电脑逗他开心，当你戳它们的时候，这些图片就会变得栩栩如生。他认为我的故事书就是那样的)”可知，那孩子戳故事书是因为他把它当成了平板电脑。故选A。
【6题详解】
细节理解题。根据倒数第三段中“Well, I may be ld, but I’m nt hpelessly challenged, digitally speaking. I edit vide and prduce audi. I use mbile payment. I’ve even built websites. (我可能老了，但从数字角度来说，我还没有毫无希望的挑战。我编辑视频，制作音频。我用移动支付。我甚至建立了网站)”可知，作者认为自己懂数码技术。故选D。
【7题详解】
细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中“There’s ne ntable gap in my new-media experience, hwever: I’ve spent little time in frnt f a camera, since I have a face made fr radi. (然而，在我的新媒体体验中有一个明显的差距：我很少在镜头前呆着，因为我的脸是为电台而生的)”可知，作者作为记者他很少上电视。故选B。
Passage 2
【2022年北京卷】My name is Alice. Early last year, I was trubled by an anxiety that crippled ( 削弱 ) my ability t d anything. I felt like a strm clud hung ver me. Fr almst a year I struggled n, cnstantly staring at this wall that faced me. My perfectinist tendencies were the main rt f this: I wanted t be perfect at whatever I did, which bviusly in life is nt pssible, but it cnsumed me.
One day, I attended a presentatin by wildlife cnservatinist Grant Brwn at my high schl. His presentatin nt nly awed and inspired me, but als helped emerge an inner desire t make a difference in the wrld. I jined a pre-presentatin dinner with him and that smaller setting allwed me t slwly build up my curage t speak ne-n-ne with him—an idea that had seemed cmpletely impssible. This first cntact was where my stry began.
A mnth later, Brwn invited me t attend the Wrld Yuth Wildlife Cnference. Lking back, I nw see that this wuld be the first in a series f timely pprtunities that my ld self wuld have let pass, but that this new and mre cnfident Alice enthusiastically seized. Shrtly after I received his invitatin, applicatins t jin the Yuth fr Nature and the Yuth fr Planet grups were sent arund thrugh my high schl. I decided t cmmit t cmpleting the applicatins, and sn I was a part f a grwing glbal team f yung peple wrking t prtect nature. Each f these new steps cntinued t grw my cnfidence.
I am writing this just six mnths since my jurney began and I’ve realised that my biggest bstacle ( 障碍 ) this whle time was myself. It was that vice in the back f my head telling me that ne phrase that has stpped s many peple frm reaching their ptential: I can’t. They say gd things cme t thse wh wait; I say: grab every pprtunity with everything yu have and be impatient. After all, nature des nt require ur patience, but ur actin.
24. What was the main cause fr Alice’s anxiety?
A. Her inability t act her age.B. Her habit f cnsumptin.
C. Her desire t be perfect.D. Her lack f inspiratin.
25. Hw did Grant Brwn’s presentatin influence Alice?
A. She decided t d smething fr nature.B. She tasted the sweetness f friendship.
C. She learned abut the harm f desire.D. She built up her curage t speak up.
26. The activities Alice jined in helped her t becme mre ________.
A. intelligentB. cnfidentC. innvativeD. critical
27. What can we learn frm this passage?
A. Practice makes perfect.B. Patience is a cure f anxiety.
C. Actin is wrry’s wrst enemy.D. Everything cmes t thse wh wait.
【答案】24. C 25. A 26. B 27. C
【解题导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述作者通过参加保护自然活动治愈好了自己的焦虑。
24.【解析】
细节理解题。由文章第一段“My perfectinist tendencies were the main rt f this: I wanted t be perfect at whatever I did, which bviusly in life is nt pssible, but it cnsumed me.(我的完美主义倾向是这一点的主要根源：无论我做什么，我都想做到完美，这在生活中显然是不可能的，但它消耗了我。)”可知，是要求完美导致了焦虑。故选C项。
25.【解析】
细节理解题。由文章第二段“One day, I attended a presentatin by wildlife cnservatinist Grant Brwn at my high schl. His presentatin nt nly awed and inspired me, but als helped emerge an inner desire t make a difference in the wrld. (一天，我在高中参加了野生动物保护主义者Grant Brwn的演讲。他的演讲不仅让我感到敬畏和鼓舞，还帮助我产生了一种内在的愿望，希望在世界上有所作为。)”和文章第三段“ Shrtly after I received his invitatin, applicatins t jin the Yuth fr Nature and the Yuth fr Planet grups were sent arund thrugh my high schl. I decided t cmmit t cmpleting the applicatins, and sn I was a part f a grwing glbal team f yung peple wrking t prtect nature. (在我收到他的邀请后不久，我的高中就收到了加入“Yuth fr Nature”和“Yuth fr Plane”组织的申请。我决定致力于完成这些申请，很快我就成为了一个日益壮大的全球年轻人保护自然团队的一员。)”可知，是Grant Brwn让作者开始为从事保护自然地活动中。故选A项。
26.【解析】
细节理解题。由文章第三段“I decided t cmmit t cmpleting the applicatins, and sn I was a part f a grwing glbal team f yung peple wrking t prtect nature. Each f these new steps cntinued t grw my cnfidence.(我决定完成申请，很快我就成为了一个不断壮大的全球年轻人保护自然团队的一员。每一步都让我更加自信。)”可知，Alice 加入这些活动让她变得更自信了。故选B项。
27.【解析】
推理判断题。由第一段“ Early last year, I was trubled by an anxiety that crippled ( 削弱 ) my ability t d anything. I felt like a strm clud hung ver me.”（去年年初，我被一种焦虑困扰，它削弱了我做任何事情的能力。）由文章第三段“I decided t cmmit t cmpleting the applicatins, and sn I was a part f a grwing glbal team f yung peple wrking t prtect nature. Each f these new steps cntinued t grw my cnfidence.(我决定完成申请，很快我就成为了一个不断壮大的全球年轻人保护自然团队的一员。每一步都让我更加自信。)可知，文章主要讲述作者通过参加保护自然活动治愈好了自己的焦虑。所以从文章中我们能学到行动是忧虑最大的敌人。故选C项。
Passage 3
【2022年浙江卷6月】Pasta and pizza were n everyne’s lunch menu in my native land f Italy. Everyne wh had such a lunch was fair-skinned and spke Italian. A few years later, as I std in the lunch line with my kindergarten class in a schl in Brklyn, I realized things were n lnger that simple. My classmates ranged frm thse kids with pale skin and large blue eyes t thse with rich brwn skin and dark hair. The fd chices were almst as diverse as the students. In frnt f me was an array f fds I culdn’t even name in my native language. Fearing that I wuld pick ut smething awful, I desperately tried t ask the by ahead f me fr a recmmendatin. Unfrtunately, between us std the barrier f language.
Althugh my kindergarten experience feels like a century ag, the lessns I learned will stick in my mind frever. Fr the past three summers, I have wrked in a gvernment agency in New Yrk. New immigrants much like the little girl in the lunch line flded ur ffice seeking help. I ften had t be an interpreter fr the Italian-speaking nes. As I served the rle f vital cmmunicatin link, I was reminded f my desperate struggle t cnverse befre I learned English. I watched with great sympathy as elderly Italians tried t hld a cnversatin in Italian with peple wh did nt speak the language. It suddenly became very clear t me hw lucky I was t be fluent in tw languages.
In New Yrk, a multicultural city, students like me are blessed with a chance t wrk with a diverse ppulatin. In my English t Italian translatins, I’ve learned abut scial prgrams that I didn’t knw existed. This wrk expanded my mind in ways that are impssible inside the fur walls f a classrm. Walking thrugh the streets f Brklyn tday, I am n lnger cnfused by this city’s sunds and smells. Instead, enjy its diversity.
1. What did the authr realize after entering schl in Brklyn?
A. Time passed quickly.B. English was hard t learn.
C. The fd was terrible.D. Peple were very different.
2. Wh des “the little girl” in paragraph 2 refer t?
A An Italian teacher.B. A gvernment fficial.
C. The authr herself.D. The authr’s classmate.
3. Hw did the summer jb benefit the authr?
A. It strengthened her lve fr schl.B. It helped sharpen her sense f directin.
C. It pened her eyes t the real wrld.D. It made her childhd dream cme true.
【答案】l.D 2.C3.C
【解题导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者通过三个夏天的工作，开阔了视野，接受真实世界的多样性，不再是幼儿园里那个害怕的小女孩了。
1.D【解析】细节理解题。根据第一段第三四句“A few years later, as I std in the lunch line with my kindergarten class in a schl in Brklyn, I realized things were n lnger that simple. My classmates ranged frm thse kids with pale skin and large blue eyes t thse with rich brwn skin and dark hair. (几年后，当我站在布鲁克林一所幼儿园的午餐队伍里时，我意识到事情不再那么简单了。我的同学中有皮肤白皙、蓝眼睛大的，也有棕色皮肤、深色头发的)”可知，当作者去了在Brklyn的一所学校之后，发现学校里的人不一样。故选D。
2.C【解析】推理判断题。根据第二段第二三句“Fr the past three summers, I have wrked in a gvernment agency in New Yrk. New immigrants much like the little girl in the lunch line flded ur ffice seeking help. (过去的三个夏天，我一直在纽约的一家政府机构工作。新移民涌入我们的办公室寻求帮助，就像排队吃午餐的小女孩一样)”以及第一段第三句“A few years later, as I std in the lunch line with my kindergarten class in a schl in Brklyn, I realized things were n lnger that simple. (几年后，当我站在布鲁克林一所幼儿园的午餐队伍里时，我意识到事情不再那么简单了)”可知，当年的小女孩长大了，在纽约的一家政府机构工作，工作环境让她想到当年自己在幼儿园的午餐队伍排队的情境。故选C。
3.C【解析】推理判断题。根据最后一段第三四五句“This wrk expanded my mind in ways that are impssible inside the fur walls f a classrm. Walking thrugh the streets f Brklyn tday, I am n lnger cnfused by this city’s sunds and smells. Instead, enjy its diversity. (这项工作拓展了我的思维，这是在四面墙的教室里不可能做到的。今天走在布鲁克林的街道上，我不再对这座城市的声音和气味感到困惑。 相反，我会享受它的多样性)”可知，作者三个夏天的工作拓展了思维，开始接受真实世界的多样性。故选C。
Passage 4
【2022年浙江卷1月】 Fr nearly a decade nw, Merebeth has been a self-emplyed pet transprt specialist. Her pet transprt jb was bm f the financial crisis （危机）in the late 2000s. The dwnturn hit the real estate （房地产）firm where she had wrked fr ten years as an ffice manager. The firm went brke and left her lking fr a new jb. One day, while driving near her hme, she saw a dg wandering n the rad, clearly lst. She tk it hme, and her sister in Denver agreed t take it. This was a lving hme fr sure, but 1, 600 miles away. It didn't take lng fr Merebeth t decide t drive the dg there herself. It was her first rad trip t her new jb.
Merebeth*s pet delivery service als satisfies her wanderlust. It has taken her t every state in the US except Mntana, Washingtn and Oregn, she says prudly. If she wants t visit a new place, she will simply find a pet with transprt needs there. She travels in all weathers. She has driven thrugh 55 mph winds in Wyming, heavy flding and strms in Alabama and ttal whiteut cnditins in Kansas.
This wanderlust is inherited frm her father, she says. She mved their family frm Canada t Califrnia when she was ne year ld, because he wanted them t explre a new place tgether. As sn as she graduated frm high schl she left hme t live n Catalina Island ff the Califrnian cast, away frm her parents, where she enjyed a life f sailing and ff-rad biking.
It turns ut that pet transprting pays quite well at abut $30, 000 per year befre tax. She desn't wrk in summer, as it wuld be unpleasantly ht fr the animals in the car, even with air cnditining. As autumn cmes, she gets restless—the same ld wanderlust returning. It’s a call she must heed alne, thugh. Merebeth says, *'When I am n the rad, I'm just in my wn wrld. I've always been independent-spirited and I just feel strngly that I mush help animals.
Why did Merebeth changed her jb?
She wanted t wrk near her hme.
She was tired f wrking in the ffice.
Her sister asked her t mve t Denver.
Her frmer emplyer was ut f business.
The wrd "wanderlust" in paragraph 2 means a desire t ?
make mney.B. try varius jbs.
C. be clse t nature.D. travel t different places.
3 What can we learn abut Merebeth in her new jb?
She has chances t see rare animals.
She wrks hard thrughut the year.
She relies n herself the whle time.
She earns a basic and tax-free salary.
【答案】l.D 2.D3.C
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述Merebeth从事的新工作。近十年来，她一直是一名自营宠物运输专 家。
【1题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段中 “ The dwnturn hit the real estate （房地产）firm where she had wrked fr ten years as an ffice manager. The firm went brke and left her lking fr a new jb.（她曾在一家房地产公司做了 10 年 的办公室经理，经济低迷打击了这家公司。公司破产了，她只好另寻新工作）”，可知，Merebeth之所以换 工作，是因为她以前的雇主破产了。故选D。
【2题详解】
词义猜测题。根据第二段中 “ It has taken her t every state in the US except Mntana, Washingtn and Oregn, she says prudly. If she wants t visit a new place, she will simply find a pet with transprt needs there. She travels in all weathers.（她自豪地说，除了蒙大拿州、华盛顿州和俄勒冈州，她走遍了美国所有的州。如果她想去一个新 的地方，她只需要找到一个有交通需要的宠物。她风雨无阻地旅行）”，可知，划线词的意思是“渴望去不 同的地方旅行”。故选D。
【3题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段中 “When I am n the rad, I'm just in my wn wrld. I've always been independent-spirited and I just feel strngly that I mush help animals.（当我在路上的时候，我只是在自己的世界 里。我一直很独立，我强烈地觉得我必须帮助动物）”，可知，Merebeth在她的新工作中一直都是靠自己。 故选C。
Passage 5
【2022年浙江卷6月】Pasta and pizza were n everyne’s lunch menu in my native land f Italy. Everyne wh had such a lunch was fair-skinned and spke Italian. A few years later, as I std in the lunch line with my kindergarten class in a schl in Brklyn, I realized things were n lnger that simple. My classmates ranged frm thse kids with pale skin and large blue eyes t thse with rich brwn skin and dark hair. The fd chices were almst as diverse as the students. In frnt f me was an array f fds I culdn’t even name in my native language. Fearing that I wuld pick ut smething awful, I desperately tried t ask the by ahead f me fr a recmmendatin. Unfrtunately, between us std the barrier f language.
Althugh my kindergarten experience feels like a century ag, the lessns I learned will stick in my mind frever. Fr the past three summers, I have wrked in a gvernment agency in New Yrk. New immigrants much like the little girl in the lunch line flded ur ffice seeking help. I ften had t be an interpreter fr the Italian-speaking nes. As I served the rle f vital cmmunicatin link, I was reminded f my desperate struggle t cnverse befre I learned English. I watched with great sympathy as elderly Italians tried t hld a cnversatin in Italian with peple wh did nt speak the language. It suddenly became very clear t me hw lucky I was t be fluent in tw languages.
In New Yrk, a multicultural city, students like me are blessed with a chance t wrk with a diverse ppulatin. In my English t Italian translatins, I’ve learned abut scial prgrams that I didn’t knw existed. This wrk expanded my mind in ways that are impssible inside the fur walls f a classrm. Walking thrugh the streets f Brklyn tday, I am n lnger cnfused by this city’s sunds and smells. Instead, enjy its diversity.
1. What did the authr realize after entering schl in Brklyn?
A. Time passed quickly.B. English was hard t learn.
C. The fd was terrible.D. Peple were very different.
2. Wh des “the little girl” in paragraph 2 refer t?
A An Italian teacher.B. A gvernment fficial.
C. The authr herself.D. The authr’s classmate.
3. Hw did the summer jb benefit the authr?
A. It strengthened her lve fr schl.B. It helped sharpen her sense f directin.
C. It pened her eyes t the real wrld.D. It made her childhd dream cme true.
【答案】l.D 2.C3.C
【解题导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者通过三个夏天的工作，开阔了视野，接受真实世界的多样性，不再是幼儿园里那个害怕的小女孩了。
1.D【解析】细节理解题。根据第一段第三四句“A few years later, as I std in the lunch line with my kindergarten class in a schl in Brklyn, I realized things were n lnger that simple. My classmates ranged frm thse kids with pale skin and large blue eyes t thse with rich brwn skin and dark hair. (几年后，当我站在布鲁克林一所幼儿园的午餐队伍里时，我意识到事情不再那么简单了。我的同学中有皮肤白皙、蓝眼睛大的，也有棕色皮肤、深色头发的)”可知，当作者去了在Brklyn的一所学校之后，发现学校里的人不一样。故选D。
2.C【解析】推理判断题。根据第二段第二三句“Fr the past three summers, I have wrked in a gvernment agency in New Yrk. New immigrants much like the little girl in the lunch line flded ur ffice seeking help. (过去的三个夏天，我一直在纽约的一家政府机构工作。新移民涌入我们的办公室寻求帮助，就像排队吃午餐的小女孩一样)”以及第一段第三句“A few years later, as I std in the lunch line with my kindergarten class in a schl in Brklyn, I realized things were n lnger that simple. (几年后，当我站在布鲁克林一所幼儿园的午餐队伍里时，我意识到事情不再那么简单了)”可知，当年的小女孩长大了，在纽约的一家政府机构工作，工作环境让她想到当年自己在幼儿园的午餐队伍排队的情境。故选C。
3.C【解析】推理判断题。根据最后一段第三四五句“This wrk expanded my mind in ways that are impssible inside the fur walls f a classrm. Walking thrugh the streets f Brklyn tday, I am n lnger cnfused by this city’s sunds and smells. Instead, enjy its diversity. (这项工作拓展了我的思维，这是在四面墙的教室里不可能做到的。今天走在布鲁克林的街道上，我不再对这座城市的声音和气味感到困惑。 相反，我会享受它的多样性)”可知，作者三个夏天的工作拓展了思维，开始接受真实世界的多样性。故选C。
Passage 6
【2022年天津卷第二次】I’m an 18-year-ld pre-medical student, tall nd gd-lking, with tw shrt stry bks and quite a number f essays my credit. Why am I singing such praises f myself? Just t explain that he attainment f self-pride cmes frm a great deal f self-lve, and t attain it, ne must first learn t accept neself as ne is. That was where my struggle began.
Brn and raised in Africa，I had always taken my African rigin as burden. My self-dislike was further fueled when my family had t relcate t Nrway, where I attended a high schl. Cmpared t all the white girls arund me, with their glden hair and delicate lips, I ,a black girl, had curly hair and full, red lips. My nse ften had a thin sheet f sweat n it, whatever the weather was. I just wanted t bury myself in my shell crying “I’m s different!”
What als cntributed t my self-dislike was my ccasinal stuttering (口吃), which had weakened my self-cnfidence. It always std between me and any fine pprtunity. I’d taken it as an excuse t avid any public speaking sessins, and unknwingly let it rule ver me.
Frtunately, as I grew lder, there came a turning pint. One day a white girl caught my eye n the schl bus when she suddenly turned back. T my astnishment, she had a thin sheet f sweat n her nse t, and it was in Nvember! “Ww,” I whispered t myself, “this isn’t a genetic(遗传的) disrder after all. It’s perfectly nrmal.” Days later, my life tk an-ther twist(转折). Searching the internet fr stuttering cures, I accidentally learned that such famus peple as Isaac Newtn and Winstn Churchill als stuttered. I was greatly relieved and then an idea suddenly hit me—if I’m smart, I shuldn’t allw my stuttering t stand between me and my success.
Anther bst t my self-cnfidence came days later as I was watching the news abut Oprah Winfrey, the famus talkshw hst and writer—she’s black t! Whenever I think f her stry and my frmer dislike f my clr, I’m practically filled with shame.
Tday, I’ve grwn t accept what I am with pride; it simply gives me feeling f uniqueness. The idea f self-lve has taken n a whle new meaning fr me: there’s always smething fantastic abut us, and what w need t d is learn t appreciate it.
41. What affected the authr’s adjustment t her schl life in Nrway!
A. Her appearance
B. Scial discrimɪnatin.
C. Her changing emtins.
D. The climate in Nrway.
42. What did the authr’s ccasinal stuttering bring abut accrding n Paragraph 3?
A. Her lack f self-cnfidence.
B. Her lss f interest in schl.
C. Her unwillingness t greet her classmates.
D. Her desire fr chances t imprve herself.
43. Hw did the authr feel n nticing the similarity between her and ne girl n the bus?
A. Blessed and prud.
B. Cnfused and afraid.
C. Amazed and relieved.
D. Shcked and ashamed.
44. What lessn did the authr learn frm the cases f Newtn and Churchill?
A. Great minds speak alike.
B. Stuttering is n barrier t success.
C. Wisdm cunts mre than hard wrk.
D. Famus peple can’t live with their weaknesses.
45. What can best summarize the message cntained in the passage?
A. Pride cmes befre a fall.
B. Where there is a will, there is a way.
C. Self-acceptance is based n the lve fr neself.
D Self-lve is key t the attainment f self-pride.
【答案】41. A 42. A 43. C 44. B 45. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。讲述的是作者在非洲长大的经历，在成长的过程中作者意识到一个人要获得自尊就要首先学会接受自己本来的面目。
【41题详解】
推理判断题。根据文中第二段“Cmpared t all the white girls arund me, with their glden hair and delicate lips, I ,a black girl, had curly hair and full, red lips. My nse ften had a thin sheet f sweat n it, whatever the weather was. I just wanted t bury myself in my shell crying “I’m s different!”(与我周围所有有着金色头发和精致嘴唇的白人女孩相比，我，一个黑人女孩，有着卷曲的头发和饱满的红唇。无论天气如何，我的鼻子上经常有一层薄薄的汗水。我只想把自己埋在壳里哭着“我太不一样了！”)”可知，作者的外表与其他的孩子不同，这使得作者不容易适应学校的生活。故选A项。
【42题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第三段“What als cntributed t my self-dislike was my ccasinal stuttering(口吃), which had weakened my self-cnfidence.(导致我自我厌恶的还有我偶尔的口吃，这削弱了我的自信心。)”可知，作者的口吃导致作者失去了自信。故选A项。
【43题详解】
推理判断题。文中第四段提到“T my astnishment, she had a thin sheet f sweat n her nse t, and it was in Nvember!(令我惊讶的是，她的鼻子上也有薄薄的汗水，而且是在十一月！)”可知，作者见到小女孩儿感到很惊讶，根据句子中““Ww,” I whispered t myself, “this isn’t a genetic(遗传的) disrder after all. It’s perfectly nrmal.”(“哇，”我低声对自己说，“这毕竟不是遗传疾病。这很正常。”)”可知，作者此刻感到很放松。故选C项。
【44题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第四段“I was greatly relieved and then an idea suddenly hit me—if I’m smart, I shuldn’t allw my stuttering t stand between me and my success.(我大大地松了一口气，然后一个想法突然出现在我脑海中——如果我聪明，我不应该让我的口吃阻碍我和我的成功。)”可知,作者意识到口吃不应该是自己成功的障碍。故选B项。
【45题详解】
主旨大意题。根据首段中的“Just t explain that he attainment f self-pride cmes frm a great deal f self-lve, and t attain it, ne must first learn t accept neself as ne is. That was where my struggle began.(只是为了解释他获得自尊来自大量的自爱，而要获得它，一个人必须首先学会接受自己的本来面目。这就是我挣扎开始的地方。)”可知，本文要讲述的是作者在经历中感悟到要想有自尊，首先要自爱。故选D项。
2021年记叙文
Passage1
【2021年新高考全国Ⅰ 卷】By day, Rbert Tittertn is a lawyer. In his spare n stage beside pianist Maria Rasppva — nt as a musician but as her page turner. “I’m nt a trained musician, but I’ve learnt t read music s I can help Maria in her perfrmance.”
Mr Tittertn is chairman f the Omega Ensemble but has been the grup’s fficial page turner fr the past fur years. His jb is t sit beside the pianist and turn the pages f the scre s the musician desn’t have t break the flw f sund by ding it themselves. He said he became just as nervus as thse playing instruments n stage.
“A lt f skills are needed fr the jb. Yu have t make sure yu dn’t turn tw pages at nce and make sure yu find the repeats in the music when yu have t g back t the right spt.” Mr Tittertn explained.
Being a page turner requires plenty f practice. Sme pieces f music can g fr 40 minutes and require up t 50 page turns, including back turns fr repeat passages. Silent nstage cmmunicatin is key, and each pianist has their wn style f “ndding” t indicate a page turn which they need t practise with their page turner.
But like all perfrmances, there are mments when things g wrng. “I was turning the page t get ready fr the next page, but the draft wind frm the turn caused the spare pages t fall ff the stand,” Mr Tittertn said, “Luckily I was able t catch them and put them back.”
Mst page turners are pian students r up-and-cming cncert pianists, althugh Ms Rasppva has nce asked her husband t help her ut n stage.
“My husband is the wrst page turner,” she laughed. “He’s interested in the music, feeling every nte, and I have t say: ‘Turn, turn!’ “Rbert is the best page turner I’ve had in my entire life.”
24. What shuld Tittertn be able t d t be a page turner?
A. Read music.B. Play the pian.
C. Sing sngs.D. Fix the instruments.
25. Which f the fllwing best describes Tittertn’s jb n stage?
A. Bring.B. Well-paid.
C. Demanding.D. Dangerus.
26. What des Tittertn need t practise?
A. Cunting the pages.B. Recgnizing the “ndding”.
C. Catching falling bjects.D. Perfrming in his wn style.
27. Why is Ms Rasppva’s husband “the wrse page turner”?
A He has very pr eyesight.B. He ignres the audience.
C. He has n interest in music.D. He frgets t d his jb.
【答案】24. A 25. C 26. B 27. D
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了为钢琴演奏者做翻页工作的Rbert Tittertn和他的工作情况。
【24题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段“I’m nt a trained musician, but I’ve learnt t read music s I can help Maria in her perfrmance.(我不是受过训练的音乐家，但我学会了识谱，这样我就可以在Maria的表演中帮助她)”可知，Tittertn因为识谱，所以可以在Maria的钢琴表演中为她翻页。故选A项。
【25题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段“A lt f skills are needed fr the jb. Yu have t make sure yu dn’t turn tw pages at nce and make sure yu find the repeats in the music when yu have t g back t the right spt.(这项工作需要很多技能。你必须确保你不会一次翻两页并且必要的时候确保你回到前面找到音乐重复的部分)”可知，为钢琴家翻页这项工作很需要技巧。由此推知，Tittertn的工作要求是很高的。故选C项。
【26题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段“Silent nstage cmmunicatin is key, and each pianist has their wn style f “ndding” t indicate a page turn which they need t practise with their page turner.(无声的舞台交流是关键，每个钢琴家都有自己的“点头”风格来表示翻页，他们需要和翻页者进行练习)”可知，Tittertn需要和钢琴演奏者练习识别他们的“点头”示意来翻页。故选B项。
【27题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段“He’s interested in the music, feeling every nte, and I have t say: ‘Turn, turn!’(他对音乐很感兴趣，感受着每一个音符，所以我不得不说：“翻页，翻页！”)”可知，Ms Rasppva的丈夫因为对音乐感兴趣，所以帮她翻页的时候总是沉浸在音乐中而忘掉自己的工作，她不得不去提醒。故选D项。
Passage 2
【2021年新高考全国Ⅱ 卷】I have wrked as a keeper at the Natinal Z, Paris fr 11 years. Spt and Stripe are the first tiger cubs that have ever been brn here. Glbally, a third f Sumatran cubs in zs dn't make it t adulthd, s I decided t give them rund-the-clck care at hme.
I've gt tw children—the yunger ne, Kynan, was extremely happy abut the tigers arriving - but all f us really lked frward t being part f their lives and watching them grw. I wasn't wrried abut bringing them int my hme with my wife and kids. These were cubs. They weighed abut 2.5 kg and were s small that there was abslutely n risk.
As they grew mre mbile, we let them mve freely arund the huse during the day, but when we were asleep we had t cntain them in a large rm, therwise they'd get up t mischief. We'd cme dwn in the mrning t find they'd turned the rm upside dwn, and left it lking like a z.
Things quickly gt very intense due t the huge amunt f energy required t lk after them. There were sme tugh times and I just felt extremely tired. I was grateful that my family was there t help. We had t have a bit f a prductin line ging, making up “tiger milk”, washing baby bttles, and cleaning the flrs.
When Spt and Stripe were fur mnths ld, they were learning hw t pen drs and jump fences, and we knew it really was time fr them t g. It was hard fr us t finally part with them. Fr the first few days, Kynan was always a bit disappinted that the cubs weren't there.
I'm nt sad abut it. I'm hands-n with them every day at the z, and I d lk back very fndly n the time that we had them.
4. Why did the authr bring the tiger cubs hme?
A. T ensure their survival.B. T bserve their differences.
C. T teach them life skills.D. T let them play with his kids.
5. What d the underlined wrds “get up t mischief” mean in paragraph 3?
A. Behave badly.B. Lse their way.C. Sleep sundly.D. Miss their mm.
6. What did the authr think f raising the tiger cubs at hme?
A. Bring.B. Tiring.C. Cstly.D. Risky.
7. Why did the authr decide t send Spt and Stripe back t the z?
A. They frightened the children.B. They became difficult t cntain.
C. They annyed the neighburs.D. They started fighting each ther.
【答案】4. A 5. A 6. B 7. B
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇记叙文。讲述了作者为了保证两只老虎幼崽的存活，决定在家里全天候照顾它们。介绍了老虎在作者家生活的情况以及作者照顾老虎的感受。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段中“Glbally, a third f Sumatran cubs in zs dn't make it t adulthd, s I decided t give them rund-the-clck care at hme. (在全球范围内，动物园里三分之一的苏门答腊老虎幼崽活不到成年，所以我决定在家里全天候照顾它们)”可知，作者把老虎幼崽带回家是为了确保他们的存活。故选A。
【5题详解】
词句猜测题。根据画线词上文“As they grew mre mbile, we let them mve freely arund the huse during the day, but when we were asleep we had t cntain them in a large rm, therwise they'd ”（随着它们的活动越来越多，我们白天让它们在房子里自由活动，但当我们睡觉时，我们必须把它们关在一个大房间里，否则它们会）以及后文“We'd cme dwn in the mrning t find they'd turned the rm upside dwn, and left it lking like a z.”（我们早上下楼时发现他们把房间弄得乱七八糟，让它看起来像个动物园。）可知，作者不得不把老虎们关在一个大房间里，否则它们就会调皮捣蛋，表现不好。早上下楼时发现他们把房间弄得乱七八糟，看起来像个动物园。故画线词意思是“表现不好”。故选A。
【6题详解】
推理判断题。根据倒数第三段中“Things quickly gt very intense due t the huge amunt f energy required t lk after them. There were sme tugh times and I just felt extremely tired.(由于需要大量的精力来照顾它们，事情很快变得非常紧张。有一段艰难的日子，我只是觉得非常累)”可推知，作者认为在家里养小老虎累人。故选B。
【7题详解】
细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中“When Spt and Stripe were fur mnths ld, they were learning hw t pen drs and jump fences, and we knew it really was time fr them t g.(当Spt和Stripe四个月大的时候，他们正在学习如何开门和跳栅栏，我们知道是时候让他们离开了)”可知，作者决定把Spt 和Stripe送回动物园是因为他们变得难以控制。故选B。
Passage 3
【2021年新高考全国Ⅱ 卷】A British wman wh wn a S1 millin prize after she was named the Wrld's Best Teacher will use the cash t bring inspiratinal figures int UK schls.
Andria Zafiraku,a nrth Lndn secndary schl teacher, said she wanted t bring abut a classrm revlutin (变革). “We are ging t make a change, ”she said.“I’ve started a prject t prmte the teaching f the arts in ur schls.”
The prject results frm the difficulties many schls have in getting artists f any srt - whether an up-and-cming lcal musician r a majr mvie star - int schls t wrk with and inspire children.
Zafiraku began the prject at Alpertn Cmmunity Schl, her place f wrk fr the past twelve years. “I've seen thse magic mments when children are talking t smene they are inspired by - their eyes are shining and their faces light up,” she said. “We need artists . mre than ever in ur schls."
Artist Michael Craig-Martin said: “Andria's brilliant prject t bring artists frm all fields int direct cntact with children is particularly welcme at a time when the arts are being dwngraded in schls." It was a mistake t see the arts as unnecessary, he added.
Histrian Sir Simn Schama is als a supprter f the prject. He said that arts educatin in schls was nt just an add-n. “It is abslutely necessary. The future depends n creativity and creativity depends n the yung. What will remain f us when artificial intelligence takes ver will be ur creativity, and it is ur creative spirit, ur visinary sense f freshness,that has been ur strength fr centuries."
8. What will Zafiraku d with her prize mney?
A. Make a mvie.B. Build new schls.
C. Run a prject.D. Help lcal musicians.
9. What des Craig-Martin think f the teaching f the arts in UK schls?
A. It is particularly difficult.B. It increases artists' incme.
C. It pens children's mind.D. It deserves greater attentin.
10. What shuld be stressed in schl educatin accrding t Schama?
A. Mral principles.B. Interpersnal skills.
C. Creative abilities.D. Psitive wrldviews.
11. Which f the fllwing is a suitable title fr the text?
A. Bring Artists t SchlsB. When Histrians Meet Artists
C. Arts Educatin in BritainD. The Wrld's Best Arts Teacher
【答案】8 C 9. A 10. C 11. A
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了英国一名女子在被评为世界最佳教师后获得了100万英镑的奖金，她将用这笔奖金发起一个项目，让艺术家进入学校。
【8题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第二段“Andria Zafiraku,a nrth Lndn secndary schl teacher, said she wanted t bring abut a classrm revlutin. “We are ging t make a change,” she said. “I’ve started a prject t prmte the teaching f the arts in ur schls.”（伦敦北部中学教师安德里亚·扎菲拉库(Andria Zafiraku)表示，她想掀起一场课堂革命。“我们将做出改变，”她说。“我已经启动了一个项目，以促进我们学校的艺术教学。”）”可知，Zafiraku打算用自己的奖金运行一个项目。故选C。
【9题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第三段“The prject results frm the difficulties many schls have in getting artists f any srt - whether an up-and-cming lcal musician r a majr mvie star - int schls t wrk with and inspire children.（许多学校很难让任何类型的艺术家——无论是当地崭露头角的音乐家还是主要的电影明星——进入学校，与孩子们一起工作并激励他们，因此才有了这个项目。）”可知，Craig-Martin认为，英国学校的艺术教学尤其困难。故选A。
【10题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章最后一段“It is abslutely necessary. The future depends n creativity and creativity depends n the yung.（这是绝对必要的。未来取决于创造力，而创造力取决于年轻人。）”可知，Schama认为学校教育应该强调创造力。故选C。
【11题详解】
主旨大意题。根据文章第二段“Andria Zafiraku, a nrth Lndn secndary schl teacher, said she wanted t bring abut a classrm revlutin. “We are ging t make a change,”she said.“I’ve started a prject t prmte the teaching f the arts in ur schls.”（伦敦北部中学教师安德里亚·扎菲拉库(Andria Zafiraku)表示，她想掀起一场课堂革命。“我们将做出改变，”她说。“我已经启动了一个项目，以促进我们学校的艺术教学。”）”可知，文章讲述了Andria Zafiraku用自己的奖金启动了一个项目，将艺术家带进学校，促进艺术教学。故选A。
Passage 4
【2021年全国甲卷】When I was 9, we packed up ur hme in Ls Angeles and arrived at Heathrw, Lndn n a gray January mrning. Everyne in the family settled quickly int the city except me. Withut my belved beaches and endless blue—sky days, I felt at a lss and ut f place. Until I made a discvery.
Suthbank, at an eastern bend in the Thames, is the center f British skatebarding, where the cntinuus crashing f skatebards left yur head ringing .I lved it. I sn made friends with the lcal skaters. We spke ur wn language. And my favrite: Safe. Safe meant cl. It meant hell. It meant dn't wrry abut it. Once, when trying a certain trick n the beam（横杆）, I fell nt the stnes, damaging a nerve in my hand, and Tby came ver, helping me up: Safe, man. Safe. A few minutes later, when I landed the trick, my friends beat their bards lud, shuting: “ Safe! Safe! Safe!” And that's what mattered—landing tricks, being a gd skater.
When I was 15, my family mved t Washingtn. I tried skatebarding there, but the lcals were far less welcming. Within a cuple f years, I'd given it up.
When I returned t Lndn in 2004, I fund myself wandering dwn t Suthbank, spending hurs there. I've traveled back several times since, mst recently this past spring. The day was cld but clear: turists and Lndners stpped t watch the skaters. Weaving（穿梭）amng the kids wh rushed by n their bards, I fund my way t the beam. Then a rail—thin teenager, in a baggy white T—shirt, skidded（滑）up t the beam. He sat next t me. He seemed nt t ntice the man next t him. But sn I caught a few f his glances. “I was a lcal here 20 years ag,” I tld him. Then, slwly, he began t nd his head. “Safe, man. Safe.”
“Yeah,” I said. “Safe.”
8. What can we learn abut the authr sn after he mved t Lndn?
A. He felt disappinted.B. He gave up his hbby.
C. He liked the weather there.D. He had disagreements with his family.
9. What d the underlined wrds “Safe! Safe! Safe!” prbably mean?
A. Be careful!B. Well dne!C. N way!D. Dn't wrry!
10. Why did the authr like t spend time in Suthbank when he returned t Lndn?
A. T jin the skatebarding.B. T make new friends.
C. T learn mre tricks.D. T relive his childhd days
11. What message des the authr seem t cnvey in the text?
A. Children shuld learn a secnd language.
B Sprt is necessary fr children's health.
C. Children need a sense f belnging
D. Seeing the wrld is a must fr children.
【答案】8. A 9. B 10. D 11. C
【解析】
【分析】本文属于记叙文。本文讲述作者自己的经历，起初搬到伦敦很不适应，但是由于找到了玩滑板的地方，结识了玩滑板的朋友，因此很好的适应了。作者回到伦敦之后，经常去之前玩滑板的地方寻找自己的回忆，在与一个玩滑板的孩子打招呼的时候，终于找到了自己久违的熟悉感。
【8题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段“Everyne in the family settled quickly int the city except me. Withut my belved beaches and endless blue -sky days, I felt at a lss and ut f place.(除了我之外的家里人都很快适应这个城市，没有了我喜爱的沙滩和蓝天，我感到迷茫和无措)”可知，作者刚到伦敦的时候因为没有喜爱的沙滩，不能很好的融入到新的城市，感到很沮丧，故选A。
【9题详解】
词义猜测题。根据画线词后文“And that's what mattered—landing tricks, being a gd skater. (那才是真正重要的——滑板的落地技巧掌握了才是一名好的滑板玩家)”可知，作者掌握了滑板落地技巧，因此他的朋友大声欢呼，因此可以推出本句的Safe是赞美的含义，结合选项，故选B。
【10题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段““I was a lcal here 20 years ag," I tld him. Then, slwly, he began t nd his head. “Safe, man. Safe.””(我告诉他：“我20年前经常在这里玩滑板，”他缓慢地开始向我点头：“嗨，你好！”)”可推知，作者去Suthbank这个地方是为了寻找自己玩滑板的回忆，故选D。
【11题详解】
推理判断题。根据全文可知，作者起初搬到伦敦很不适应，但是由于找到了玩滑板的地方，结识了玩滑板的朋友，因此很好的适应了。但是搬去华盛顿，因为没有遇到很好的玩滑板的朋友，几年之后就不再玩滑板，作者回到伦敦之后，经常去之前玩滑板的地方寻找自己的回忆，在于一个孩子打招呼的时候，终于找到了自己久违的回忆。通过作者的经历，作者要表达的是，归属感对于孩子是很重要的，故选C。
Passage 5
【2021年北京卷】I remember the day during ur first week f class when we were infrmed abut ur semester（学期） prject f vlunteering at a nn-prfit rganizatin．When the teacher intrduced us t the different rganizatins that needed ur help，my last chice was Operatin Iraqi Children （OIC）．My first impressin f the rganizatin was that it was nt ging t make enugh f a difference with the plans I had in mind．
Then，an OIC representative gave us sme details，which smewhat interested me．After ding sme research， I believed that we culd really d smething fr thse kids．When I went nline t the OIC website，I saw pictures f the Iraqi children．Their faces were s pwerful in sending a message f their despair（绝望） and need that I jined this prject withut hesitatin．We decided t cllect as many schl supplies as pssible，and make them int kits——ne kit，ne child．
The mst rewarding day fr ur grup was prject day，when all the effrts we put int cllecting the items finally came tgether．When I saw the varius supplies we had cllected，it hit me that every kit we were t build that day wuld eventually be in the hands f an Iraqi child．Over the past fur mnths，I had never imagined hw I wuld feel nce ur prject was cmpleted．While making the kits，I realized that I had lst sight f the true meaning behind it．I had nly fcused n the fact that it was anther schl prject and ne I wanted t get a gd grade n．When the kits were cmpleted，and ready t be sent verseas，the warm feeling I had was ne I wuld never frget．
In the beginning，I dared myself t make a difference in the life f anther persn．Nw that ur prject is ver，I realize that I have affected nt nly ne life，but ten．With ur effrts，ten yung bys and girls will nw be able t further their educatin．
24. Hw did the authr feel abut jining the OIC prject in the beginning？
A. It wuld affect his/her initial plans．
B. It wuld invlve traveling verseas．
C It wuld nt bring him/her a gd grade．
D. It wuld nt live up t his/her expectatins．
25. What mainly helped the authr change his/her attitude tward the prject？
A. Images f Iraqi children．B. Research by his/her classmates．
C. A teacher's intrductin．D. A representative's cmments．
26. The authr's OIC prject grup wuld help ten Iraqi children t________．.
A. becme OIC vlunteersB. further their educatin
C. study in freign cuntriesD. influence ther children
27. What can we cnclude frm this passage？
A. One's ptential cannt always be underrated．
B. First impressin cannt always be trusted．
C. Actins speak luder than wrds．
D. He wh hesitates is lst．
【答案】24. D 25. A 26. B 27. B
【解析】
【分析】本文是记叙文。讲述了作者一开始认为加入伊拉克儿童行动项目不会达到他的期望，但是最后通过努力对自己和他人带来影响，说明第一印象不总是可信的。
【24题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段“When the teacher intrduced us t the different rganizatins that needed ur help，my last chice was Operatin Iraqi Children （OIC）．My first impressin f the rganizatin was that it was nt ging t make enugh f a difference with the plans I had in mind．”（当老师向我们介绍了需要我们帮助的不同组织时，我最后的选择是伊拉克儿童行动(OIC)。我对这个组织的第一印象是，它不会对我心中的计划产生足够的影响。）可知，一开始作者认为加入伊拉克儿童行动项目不会达到他的期望。故选D。
【25题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“When I went nline t the OIC website，I saw pictures f the Iraqi children．Their faces were s pwerful in sending a message f their despair（绝望） and need that I jined this prject withut hesitatin．”（当我上网访问OIC 网站时，我看到了伊拉克儿童的照片。他们的脸上传递的信息是绝望和需要帮助，我毫不犹豫地加入了这个项目。）可知，伊拉克儿童图片帮助作者改变了他对这个项目的态度。故选A。
【26题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段“Nw that ur prject is ver，I realize that I have affected nt nly ne life，but ten．With ur effrts，ten yung bys and girls will nw be able t further their educatin．”（现在我们的项目结束了，我意识到我不仅影响了一个人的生活，而且影响了十个人的生活。在我们的努力下，10名男孩和女孩现在将能够继续接受教育。）可知，作者的伊拉克儿童行动组织帮助十个伊拉克儿童继续接受教育。故选B。
【27题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段“My first impressin f the rganizatin was that it was nt ging t make enugh f a difference with the plans I had in mind．”（我对这个组织的第一印象是，它不会对我心中的计划产生足够的影响。）和最后一段“In the beginning，I dared myself t make a difference in the life f anther persn．Nw that ur prject is ver，I realize that I have affected nt nly ne life，but ten．With ur effrts，ten yung bys and girls will nw be able t further their educatin．”（一开始，我鼓励自己去改变另一个人的生活。现在我们的项目结束了，我意识到我不仅影响了一个人的生活，而且影响了十个人的生活。在我们的努力下，十名男孩和女孩现在将能够继续接受教育。）可知，一开始作者认为加入伊拉克儿童行动不会达到他的期望，但是最后通过努力对自己和他人带来影响，说明第一印象不总是可信的。故选B。
Passage 6
【2021年浙江卷6月】Leslie Nielsen’s childhd was a difficult ne, but he had ne particular shining star in his life — his uncle, wh was a well-knwn actr. The admiratin and respect his uncle earned inspired Nielsen t make a career (职业) in acting. Even thugh he ften felt he wuld be discvered t be a n-talent, he mved frward, gaining a schlarship t the Neighbrhd Playhuse and making his first televisin appearance a few years later in 1948. Hwever, becming a full-time, successful actr wuld still be an uphill battle fr anther eight years until he landed a number f film rles that finally gt him nticed.
But even then, what he had wasn’t quite what he wanted. Nielsen always felt he shuld be ding cmedy but his gd lks and distinguished vice kept him busy in dramatic rles. It wasn’t until 1980 — 32 years int his career — that he landed the rle it wuld seem he was made fr in Airplane! That mvie led him int the secnd half f his career where his cmedic presence alne culd make a mvie a financial success even when mvie reviewers wuld nt rate it highly.
Did Nielsen then feel cntent in his career? Yes and n. He was thrilled t be ding the cmedy that he always felt he shuld d but even during his last few years, he always had a sense f curisity, wndering what new rle r challenge might be just arund the cmer. He never stpped wrking, never retired.
Leslie Nielsen’s devtin t acting is wnderfully inspiring. He built a hugely successful career with little mre than plain ld hard wrk and determinatin. He shwed us that even a single desire, never given up n, can make fr a remarkable life.
1. Why did Nielsen want t be an actr?
A. He enjyed watching mvies.B. He was eager t earn mney.
C. He wanted t be like his uncleD. He felt he was gd at acting.
2. What d we knw abut Nielsen in the secnd half f his career?
A. He directed sme high quality mvies.B. He avided taking n new challenges.
C. He fcused n playing dramatic rles.D. He became a successful cmedy actr.
3. What des Nielsen’s career stry tell us?
A. Art is lng, life is shrt.B. He wh laughs last laughs lngest.
C. It’s never t late t learn.D. Where there’s a will there’s a way.
【答案】1. C 2. D 3. D
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了Leslie Nielsen的演艺生涯。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。通过文章第一段“his uncle, wh was a well-knwn actr. The admiratin and respect his uncle earned inspired Nielsen t make a career in acting. (他的叔叔，是一位著名的演员。Nielsen的叔叔所赢得的钦佩和尊重激励他走上了演艺事业)”可知，Nielsen想当演员的原因是想像他叔叔一样。故选C项。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。通过文章第二段“That mvie led him int the secnd half f his career where his cmedic presence alne culd make a mvie a financial success even when mvie reviewers wuld nt rate it highly. (这部电影使他进入了职业生涯的后半段，即使影评人对这部电影评价不高，但仅仅凭他的喜剧表演就可以使这部电影获得经济上的成功)”可知，在Nielsen职业生涯的后半段，他成了一个成功的喜剧演员。故选D项。
【3题详解】
推理判断题。通读全文，再结合文章最后一段“He built a hugely successful career with little mre than plain ld hard wrk and determinatin. He shwed us that even a single desire, never given up n, can make fr a remarkable life. (他凭借平凡的努力和决心建立了一个非常成功的事业。他告诉我们，即使是只有一个愿望，永不放弃，也能成就非凡的人生)”可推知，Nielsen的职业经历告诉我们：有志者事竟成。故选D项。
Passage 7
【2021年浙江卷6月】We live in a twn with three beaches. There are tw parts less than 10 minutes’ walk frm hme where neighbrhd children gather t play. Hwever, what my children want t d after schl is pick up a screen — any screen — and stare at it fr hurs. They are nt alne. Tday's children spend an average f fur and a half hurs a day lking at screens, split between watching televisin and using the Internet.
In the past few years, an increasing number f peple and rganisatins have begun cming up with plans t cunter this trend. A cuple f years ag film-maker David Bnd realised that his children, then aged five and three, were attached t screens t the pint where he was able t say “chclate” int his three-year-ld sn’s ear withut getting a respnse. He realised that smething needed t change, and, being a Lndn media type, appinted himself “marketing directr frm Nature”. He dcumented his jurney as he set abut treating nature as a brand t be marketed t yung peple. The result was Prject Wild Thing, a film which charts the birth f the Wrld Netwrk, a grup f rganisatins with the cmmn gal f getting children ut int nature.
“Just five mre minutes utdrs can make a difference,” David Bnd says. “There is a lt f really interesting evidence which seems t be suggesting that if children are inspired up t the age f seven, then being utdrs will be n habit fr life.” His wn children have gt int the habit f playing utside nw: “We just send them ut int the garden and tell them nt t cme back in fr a while.”
Summer is upn us. There is an amazing wrld ut there, and it needs ur children as much as they need it. Let us get them ut and let them play.
4. What is the prblem with the authr’s children?
A. They ften anny their neighburs.B. They are tired f ding their hmewrk.
C. They have n friends t play withD. They stay in frnt f screens fr t lng.
5. Hw did David Bnd advcate his idea?
A. By making a dcumentary film.B. By rganizing utdr activities.
C. By advertising in Lndn media.D. By creating a netwrk f friends.
6. Which f the fllwing can replace the underlined wrd “charts” in paragraph 2?
A. recrdsB. predictsC. delaysD. cnfirms
7. What can be a suitable title fr the text?
A. Let Children Have FunB. Yung Children Need Mre Free Time
C. Market Nature t ChildrenD. David Bnd: A Rle Mdel fr Children
【答案】4. D 5. A 6. A 7. C
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了电影制作人David Bnd为了让孩子们远离屏幕，拍摄自己的旅行，并将自然当作一个品牌，推销给年轻人。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Hwever, what my children want t d after schl is pick up a screen — any screen — and stare at it fr hurs. (然而，我的孩子们放学后想做的是拿起一个屏幕——任何屏幕——盯着它看几个小时)”可知，作者的孩子在屏幕前呆的时间太长了。故选D项。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“He dcumented his jurney as he set abut treating nature as a brand t be marked t yung peple. (他记录了他的旅程，他开始把大自然当作一个品牌，让年轻人看到)”可知，David Bnd通过拍一个纪录片宣传他的想法。故选A项。
【6题详解】
词句猜测题。根据划线词上文“a film”可知，本句主语是一部电影，下文“the birth f the Wrld Netwrk (世界网络的诞生)”解释了这部电影的主旨。由此推知，划线词charts意为“记录、描绘”，与“recrds”意思一致。故选A项。
【7题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第二段中的“He dcumented his jurney as he set abut treating nature as a brand t be marketed t yung peple. The result was Prject Wild Thing, a film which charts the birth f the Wrld Netwrk, a grup f rganisatins with the cmmn gal f getting children ut int nature. (他把自己的旅行记录下来，开始把自然当作一个品牌，推销给年轻人。其结果是Prject Wild Thing，一部记录了Wrld Netwrk (世界网络)诞生的电影，Wrld Netwrk (世界网络)是以让孩子们接触大自然为共同目标的团体)”可推知，本文主要讲述了电影制作人David Bnd为了让孩子们远离屏幕，拍摄自己的旅行，并将自然当作一个品牌，推销给年轻人。由此可知，C项Market Nature t Children(把自然推销给年轻人)适合作本文标题。故选C项。
Passage 8
【2021年浙江卷1月】 Mre than 25 years ag, Sar Brierley lived in rural（农村）India. One day, he played with his brther alng the rail line and fell asleep. When he wke up and fund himself alne, the 4-year-ld decided his brther might be n the train he saw in frnt f him-s he gt n.
That train tk him a thusand miles acrss the cuntry t a ttally strange city. He lived n the streets, and then in an rphanage（孤儿院）. There, he was adpted by an Australian family and flwn t Tasmania.
As he writes in his new bk, A Lng Way Hme, Brierley culdn't help but wnder abut his hmetwn back in India. He remembered landmarks, but since he didn't knw his twn's name, finding a small neighbrhd in a vast cuntry prved t be impssible.
Then he fund a digital mapping prgram. He spent years searching fr his hmetwn in the prgram's satellite pictures. In 2011, he came acrss smething familiar. He studied it and realized he was lking at a twn's central business district frm a bird's-eye view. He thught, “On the right-hand side yu shuld see the three-platfrm train statin”—and there it was. "And n the left-hand side yu shuld see a big funtain"-and there it was. Everything just started t match.
When he std in frnt f the huse where he grew up as a child, he saw a lady standing in the entrance. "There's smething abut me, " he thught—and it tk him a few secnds but he finally remembered what she used t lk like.
In an interview Brierley says, "My mther lked s much shrter than I remembered. But she came frth and walked frward, and I walked frward, and my feelings and tears and the chemical in my brain, yu knw, it was like a nuclear fusin（核聚变）. I just didn't knw what t say, because I never thught seeing my mther wuld ever cme true. And here I am, standing in frnt f her. ”
1．Why was Brierley separated frm his family abut 25 years ag?
A．He gt n a train by mistake.
B．He gt lst while playing in the street.
C．He was taken away by a freigner.
D．He was adpted by an Australian family.
2．Hw did Brierley find his hmetwn?
A．By analyzing ld pictures.
B．By travelling all arund India.
C．By studying digital maps.
D．By spreading his stry via his bk.
3．What des Brierley mainly talk abut in the interview?
A．His lve fr his mther.
B．His reunin with his mther.
C．His lng way back hme.
D．His memry f his hmetwn.
【答案】1. A 2. C 3. B
【分析】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了布尔利小时候意外走失，长大后通过自己努力找回家人的故事。
1．细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句“When he wke up and fund himself alne: the 4-year-ld decided his brther might be n the train he saw in frnt f him-s he gt n.(当他醒来发现自己一个人时：4岁的孩子判断他哥哥可能在他前面看到的火车上，所以他上了车)”以及第二段中“That train tk him a thusand miles acrss the cuntry t a ttally strange city.(那列火车把他带到了一个千里迢迢之外的陌生城市）”可知，布尔利在25年前和家人分开是因为他误上了火车。故选A项。
2．细节理解题。通过文章第四段“Then he fund a digital mapping prgram. He spent years searching fr his hmetwn in the prgram’s satellite pictures.(然后他找到了一个数字地图程序。他花了数年时间在该节目的卫星图片中寻找家乡)”以及“Everything just started t match.(一切都开始匹配了）”可知，布尔利是通过研究数字地图找到家乡的。故选C项。
3．细节理解题。通过文章最后一段“In an interview Brierley says: “My mther lked s much shrter than I remembered. But she came frth and walked frward, and I walked frward, and my feelings and tears and the chemical in my brain, yu knw: it was like nuclear fusin（核聚变）. just didn’t knw what t say: because I never thught seeing my mther wuld ever cme true. And here I am, standing in frnt f her.(在一次采访中，布尔利说：“我妈妈看起来比我记忆中矮多了。但是她走了出来，朝我走来，我也向着她走去，我的感情、眼泪和大脑里的化学物质，你知道的：就像发生了核聚变。只是不知道该说些什么：因为我从没想过见到我母亲会成为现实。我就在这里，站在她面前。)”可知，作者在采访中讲述了他和母亲的团聚。故选B项。
Passage 9
【2021年天津卷第二次】When peple ask me hw I started writing, I find myself describing an urgent need that I felt t wrk with language. Having said that, I did nt knw fr a lng time what I was lking fr. It was nt until I fllwed this feeling t its surce that I discvered I had a passin fbr writing. With sme encuragement frm my clleagues, I had ne f my pems published. This bit f success, hwever, was the pint where my prblem began.
Back in 1978, I had t travel between three different campuses in the mrning, teaching freshman cmpsitin. Afternns I spent taking my daughter t her ballet and hrse-riding lessns. I cmpsed my lectures n the way, and that was all the thinking time I had. When I returned hme, there was nt enugh f me left fbr writing after a full wrking day.
As a way ut, I decided t get up tw hurs befre my usual time. My alarm was set fbr 5:00 A.M. The first day I shut it ff because I had placed it within arm's reach. The secnd day I set tw clcks, ne n my night table, and ne ut in the hallway. I had t jump ut f bed and run t silence it befre my family was awken. This was when my mrning writing began.
Since that first mrning in 1978, I have been fllwing the habit t this day, nt making r accepting many excuses fr nt writing. I wrte my pems in this manner fr nearly ten years befre my first bk was published. When I decided t write a nvel, I divided my tw hurs: the first fr petry, the secnd fbr fictin. Well r badly, I wrte at least tw pages a day. This is hw my nvel, The Line f the Sun. was finished. If I had waited t have the time, I wuld still be waiting t write my nvel.
What I gt ut f getting up in the dark t wrk is the feeling that I am in cntrl. Fr many peple, the initial sense f urgency t create easily dies away because it requires making the tugh decisin: taking the time t create, stealing it frm yurself if ifs the nly way.
41. What mtivated the authr t start her writing career?
A. Her strng wish t share.
B. Her keen interest in writing.
C. Her urgent need t make a living.
D. Her passinate desire fbr fame.
42. What prblem did the authr face when she decided t begin her writing?
A. She was t exhausted t write after a busy day.
B. She had truble in deciding n her writing style.
C. She had t take time t discipline her daughter.
D. She was unsure abut her writing skills.
43. Why did the authr place an alarm clck in the hallway?
A. In case the clck in her rm brke dwn.
B. In case she failed t hear the ringing.
C. T frce herself ut f bed.
D. T wake up her family.
44. Hw did the authr manage t finish her nvel?
A. By sticking t writing every mrning.
B. By writing when her mind was mst active.
C. By drawing inspiratins frm classic nvels.
D. By reducing her teaching hurs at schl.
45. What can we learn frm the authr's success in her writing career?
A. It is never t late t change yur jb.
B. Imaginative ideas die away if nt taken in time.
C. A tight schedule is n excuse fbr lack f actin.
D. Daily life prvides ideas fbr creative writing.
【答案】41. B 42. A 43. C 44. A 45. C
【解析】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述的是作者喜爱写作并制定计划一直坚持下来。
【41题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第一段“When peple ask me hw I started writing, I find myself describing an urgent need that I felt t wrk with language.” 当人们问我是如何开始写作的时候，我发现自己在描述一种对语言的迫切需求。可知，促使作者开始她的写作生涯的原因是她对写作的强烈兴趣。故选B项。
【42题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第二段“When I returned hme, there was nt enugh f me left fbr writing after a full wrking day.”当我回到家时，在工作了一整天后，我写东西的精力已经不够了。可知，当作者决定开始写作时，因为她忙碌了一天之后，她筋疲力尽，无法再写作了。故选A项。
【43题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第三段“The first day I shut it ff because I had placed it within arm's reach. The secnd day I set tw clcks, ne n my night table, and ne ut in the hallway. ”第一天我把它关掉了，因为我把它放在触手可及的地方。第二天，我调了两个钟，一个放在床头柜上，一个放在走廊上。可知，作者在走廊里放了一个闹钟的原因是为了强迫自己起床。故选C项。
【44题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第四段“Since that first mrning in 1978, I have been fllwing the habit t this day, nt making r accepting many excuses fr nt writing.”从1978年的第一个早晨开始，我一直遵循这个习惯，直到今天，不为不写作找任何借口。可知，作者能够写小说的原因是坚持每天早上写作。故选A项。
【45题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“What I gt ut f getting up in the dark t wrk is the feeling that I am in cntrl.”我从摸黑起床工作中得到的是一种掌控一切的感觉。以及文章第四段“Since that first mrning in 1978, I have been fllwing the habit t this day, nt making r accepting many excuses fr nt writing.”从1978年的第一个早晨开始，我一直遵循这个习惯，直到今天，不为不写作找任何借口。可知，紧凑的日程并不是不采取行动的借口。故选C项。
2020年记叙文
Passage1
【2020年新高考全国Ⅰ 卷（山东卷）】Jenifer Mauer has needed mre willpwer than the typical cllege student t pursue her gal f earning a nursing degree. That willpwer bre fruit when Jennifer graduated frm University f Wiscnsin-Eau Claire and became the first in her large family t earn a bachelr's degree.
Mauer, f Edgar, Wiscnsin, grew up n a farm in a family f 10 children. Her dad wrked at a jb away frm the farm, and her mther ran the farm with the kids. After high schl, Jennifer attended a lcal technical cllege, wrking t pay her tuitin(学费), because there was n extra mney set aside fr a cllege educatin. After graduatin, she wrked t help her sisters and brthers pay fr their schling.
Jennifer nw is married and has three children f her wn. She decided t g back t cllege t advance her career and t be able t better supprt her family while ding smething she lves: nursing. She chse the UW-Eau Claire prgram at Ministry Saint Jseph's Hspital in Marshfield because she was able t pursue her fur-year degree clse t hme. She culd drive t class and be hme in the evening t help with her kids. Jenifer received great supprt frm her family as she wrked t earn her degree: Her husband wrked tw jbs t cver the bills, and her 68-year-ld mther helped take care f the children at times.
Thrugh it all, she remained in gd academic standing and graduated with hnrs. Jennifer sacrificed(牺牲)t achieve her gal, giving up many nights with her kids and missing imprtant events t study. ''Sme nights my heart was breaking t have t pick between my kids and studying fr exams r papers,'' she says. Hwever, her children have learned an imprtant lessn witnessing their mther earn her degree. Jennifer is a first-generatin graduate and an inspiratin t her family-and that's pretty pwerful.
4. What did Jennifer d after high schl?
A. She helped her dad with his wrk.
B. She ran the family farm n her wn.
C. She supprted herself thrugh cllege.
D. She taught her sisters and brthers at hme.
5. Why did Jennifer chse the prgram at Ministry Saint Jseph's Hspital in Marshfield?
A. T take care f her kids easily.B. T learn frm the best nurses.
C. T save mney fr her parents.D. T find a well-paid jb there.
6. What did Jennifer sacrifice t achieve her gal?
A. Her health.B. Her time with family.
C. Her reputatin.D. Her chance f prmtin.
7. What can we learn frm Jenifer's stry?
A. Time is mney.B. Lve breaks dwn barriers.
C. Hard wrk pays ff.D. Educatin is the key t success.
【答案】4. C 5. A 6. B 7. C
【解析】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了Jennifer在家里不能提供大学教育的情况下，通过自己的努力，以及家人的帮助完成了四年学位。她的努力不仅让自己以优异的成绩毕业，还给家人，尤其是她的三个孩子树立了榜样，让他们得到了激励。
4. 细节理解题。根据第二段的After high schl, Jennifer attended a lcal technical cllege, wrking t pay her tuitin, because there was n extra mney set aside fr a cllege educatin.(高中毕业后，Jennifer上了一所当地的技术学院来支付她的学费，因为家里没有额外的钱用来支付大学教育)可知，高中毕业后Jennifer通过自己挣钱来完成大学教学，因为家里没有额外的钱。C. She supprted herself thrugh cllege.(她自食其力读完了大学)符合以上说法，故选C项。
5. 细节理解题。根据第三段的She chse the UW-Eau Claire prgram at Misnistry Saint Jseph’s Hspital in Marshfield because she was able t pursue her fur-year degree clse t hme. She culd drive t class and be hme in the evening t help with her kids.(她选择了位于马什菲尔德的圣约瑟夫医院的UW-Eau Claire项目，因为她可以在离家近的地方攻读四年的学位。她可以开车去上课，晚上可以回家照顾孩子)可知，Jennifer选择位于马什菲尔德的圣约瑟夫医院的UW-Eau Claire项目是因为离家近，这样便于照顾她的三个孩子。A. T take care f her kids easily.(为了方便照顾她的孩子)符合以上说法，故选A项。
6. 细节理解题。根据最后一段的Jennifer sacrificed t achieve her gal, giving up many nights with her kids and missing imprtant events t study.(Jennifer为了实现自己的目标牺牲了很多，她放弃了很多个和孩子待在一起的晚上，错过了很多重要的活动)可知，为了实现自己的目标Jennifer放弃了和家人待在一起的时光。B. Her time with family.(她与家人的时光)符合以上说法，故选B项。
7. 推理判断题。根据最后一段的Thrugh it all, she remind in gd academic standing and graduated with hnrs.(虽然经历了这些，但她一直保持着良好的学术地位，并以优异的成绩毕业)和Hwever, her children have learned an imprtant lessn witnessing their mther earn her degree. Jennifer is a first-generatin graduate and an inspiratin t her family-and that’s the pretty pwerful.(然而，她的孩子们在见证母亲获得学位的过程中得到了重要的一课。Jennifer是第一代毕业生，这对她的家庭来说是一种激励--这是非常强大的。)可知，Jennifer在艰苦的环境中通过自己的努力不仅以优异的成绩毕业，还给孩子树立了榜样，同时也让家人得到了激励。由此推测，我们可以从Jennifer的故事中学到:努力总会有回报。C. Hard wrk pays ff.(努力会得到回报)符合以上说法，故选C项。
Passage2
【2020年新高考全国Ⅱ 卷（海南卷）】The end f the schl year was in sight and spirits were high. I was back teaching after an absence f 15 years, dealing with the varius kinds f "frbidden fruit" that cme ut f bk bags. Nw was the spring f the water pistl.
I decided t think up a methd f dealing with frbidden fruit.
"Please bring that pistl t me," I said. "I'm ging t put it in my Grandma's Bx."
"What's that?" they asked.
"It's a large wden chest full f tys fr my grandchildren," I replied,
"Yu dn't have grandchildren" smene said.
"I dn't nw." I replied. "But smeday I will. When I d, my bx will be full f wnderful things fr them."
My imaginary Grandma's Bx wrked like magic that spring, and later. Smetimes. students wuld ask me t describe all the things I had in it. Then I wuld try t remember the different pssessins I suppsedly had taken away—since I seldm actually kept them. Usually the ffender wuld appear at the end f the day, and I wuld return the belnging.
The-years went by, and my first grandchild Grdn was brn. I shared my jy with that year's class. Then smene said, "Nw yu can use yur Grandma's Bx." Frm then n instead f cming t ask their pssessins back, the students wuld say, "That's kay. Put it in yur Grandma's Bx fr Grdn."
I lved talking abut the imaginary bx, nt nly with my students but als with my wn children. They enjyed hearing abut all the frbidden fruit I had cllected. Then ne Christmas I received a surprise gift—a large, beautifully made wden chest. My sn Bruce had made my Grandma's Bx a reality.
4. What was the authr's purpse in having the cnversatin with the students?
A. T cllect the water pistl.B. T talk abut her grandchildren.
C. T recmmend sme tys.D. T explain her teaching methd.
5. What d the underlined wrds "the ffender" in paragraph 8 refer t?
A. The student's parent.B. The maker f the Grandma's Bx.
C. The authr's grandchildD. The wner f the frbidden fruit.
6. What did the students d after they learned abut the birth f Grdn?
A. They went t play with the baby.B. They asked t see the Grandma's Bx.
C. They made a present fr Grdn.D. They stpped asking their tys back.
7. What can we infer abut the authr?
A. She enjys telling jkes.B. She is a strict and smart teacher.
C. She lves ding wdwrk.D. She is a respnsible grandmther
【答案】4. A 5. D 6. D 7. B
【解析】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲叙了作者为收集学生们带到学校的玩具，想出了一个“奶奶的盒子”的办法。到后来，作者的第一个孙子出生，学生们也不再来要求归还他们的财物了，作者也在某一年圣诞节收到了儿子制作的大木箱，将“奶奶的盒子”变成了现实。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段中“I was back teaching after an absence f 15 years, dealing with the varius kinds f "frbidden fruit" that cme ut f bk bags. Nw was the spring f the water pistl.(在缺席了15年之后，我又回到了教书的地方，处理从书包里掏出的各种各样的“禁果”。现在流行的是水枪)”以及第三段中“‘Please bring that pistl t me,’ I said. ‘I'm ging t put it in my Grandma's Bx.’(“请把那支水枪给我，”我说。“我要把它放在我‘奶奶的盒子’里。”)”由此可知，作者与学生进行对话的目的是收集水枪。故选A。
【5题详解】
词句猜测题。根据划线词后文“I wuld return the belnging”结合上文提到作者把学生带到学校的玩具称为“禁果”，且作者的“盒子”里装的就是“禁果”，所以作者等到这些禁果的拥有者在一天结束的时候出现，然后就会归还他们的物品。由此可知，划线词意思为“禁果的拥有者”。故选D。
【6题详解】
细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中“Frm then n instead f cming t ask their pssessins back, the students wuld say, ‘That's kay. Put it in yur Grandma's Bx fr Grdn.’(从那时起，学生们不再来要求归还他们的财物，而是说：“没关系。把它放在你“奶奶给戈登的盒子”里)”由此可知，学生们在得知了戈登的出生后，他们不再索要玩具。故选D。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章中作者要收集学生们从书包里掏出的各种各样的“禁果”，说明作者对待学生很严格；同时作者又想出了“奶奶的盒子”这个的方法来收集学生们的玩具，说明作者很聪明，由此可推知，作者是一个严格而聪明的老师。故选B。
Passage3
【2020年北京卷】Fr the past five years, Paula Smith, a histrian f science, has devted herself t re-creating lng-frgtten techniques. While ding research fr her new bk, she came acrss a 16th-century French manuscript（手稿）cnsisting f nearly 1,000 sets f instructins, cvering subjects frm tl making t finding the best sand.
The authr's intentin remains as mysterius（神秘）as his name; he may have been simply taking ntes fr his wn recrds. But Smith was struck mainly by the fact that she didn't truly grasp any f the skills the authr described. "Yu simply can't get an understanding f that handwrk by reading abut it," she says.
Thugh Smith did get her hands n the best sand, ding things the ld-fashined way isn't just abut playing arund with French mud. Recnstructing the wrk f the craftsmen（工匠）wh lived centuries ag can reveal hw they viewed the wrld, what bjects filled their hmes, and what went n in the wrkshps that prduced them. It can even help slve present-day prblems: In 2015, scientists discvered that a 10th-century English medicine fr eve prblems culd kill a drug-resistant virus.
The wrk has als brught insights fr museums, Smith says. One must knw hw n bject was made in rder t preserve it. What's mre, recnstructins might be the nly way t knw what treasures lked like befre time wre them dwn. Schlars have seen this idea in practice with ancient Greek and Rman statues. These sculptures were painted a rainbw f striking clurs. We can't appreciate these kinds f details withut seeing wrks f art as they riginally appeared-smething Smith believes yu can d nly when yu have a rad map.
Smith has put the manuscript's ideas int practice. Her final gal is t link the wrlds f art and science back tgether: She believes that bringing the ld recipes t life can help develp a kind f learning that highlights experimentatin, teamwrk, and prblem slving.
Back when science—then called “the new philsphy”—tk shape, academics lked t craftsmen fr help in understanding the natural wrld. Micrscpes and telescpes were invented by way f artistic tinkering（修补）, as craftsmen experimented with glass t better bend light.
If we can rediscver the values f hands-n experience and craftwrk, Smith says, we can marry the best f ur mdern insights with the handiness f ur ancestrs.
38. Hw did Smith, feel after reading the French manuscript?
A. Cnfused abut the technical terms.
B. Impressed with its detailed instructins.
C. Discuraged by its cmplex structure.
D. Shcked fr her wn lack f hand skills.
39. Accrding t Smith, the recnstructin wrk is dne mainly t _____________.
A. restre ld wrkshpsB. understand the craftsmen
C. imprve visual effectsD. inspire the philsphers
40. Why des the authr mentin museums?
A. T reveal the beauty f ancient bjects.
B. T present the findings f ld science.
C T highlight the imprtance f antiques.
D. T emphasise the values f hand skills.
41. Which wuld be the best title fr this passage?
A. Craftsmen Set the Trends fr Artists
B. Craftsmanship Leads t New Theries
C. Craftsmanship Makes Better Scientists
D. Craftsmen Reshape the Future f Science
【答案】38. D 39. B 40. D 41. C
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述科学家Paula Smith致力于对古代手工技能的研究，认为科学家如果能够把古代的手工技能和现代的科学方法结合起来，就能够创造更大成就。
【38题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第二段“But Smith was struck mainly by the fact that she didn't truly grasp any f the skills the authr described. "Yu simply can't get an understanding f that handwrk by reading abut it," she says.” 让史密斯震惊的主要是，她并没有真正掌握作者所描述的任何技能。她说:“你根本无法通过阅读来了解这些手工作品。” 由此可知读完这份法国手稿，这种手工技能让史密斯感到震惊，故选D。
【39题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第三段“Recnstructing the wrk f the craftsmen（工匠）wh lived centuries ag can reveal hw they viewed the wrld, what bjects filled their hmes, ” 重建几个世纪前工匠的作品，可以揭示他们如何看待世界，他们的家里有什么物件。由此可知，重建工作主要是为了了解工匠。故选B。
【40题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第四段“The wrk has als brught insights fr museums, Smith says. One must knw hw n bject was made in rder t preserve it. What's mre, recnstructins might be the nly way t knw what treasures lked like befre time wre them dwn.” 史密斯说，这项工作也给博物馆带来了深刻的见解。为了保存它，一个人必须知道一件物品是如何制成的。更重要的是，重建可能是唯一的方法，以了解宝藏磨损之前的样子。因此可知，博物馆要想很好保存物品，必须要知道这件物品是如何制成的，也是在强调手工技能的价值，故选D。
【41题详解】
主旨大意题。根据文章最后一段“If we can rediscver the values f hands-n experience and craftwrk, Smith says, we can marry the best f ur mdern insights with the handiness f ur ancestrs. ”史密斯说，如果我们能重新发现实践经验和工艺的价值，我们就能将现代的最好见解与我们祖先的灵巧结合起来。由此可知本文的中心思想就在于如果科学家能把古代的手工技巧同现代的理论结合起来，就能够获得更多的成就。C选项Craftsmanship Makes Better Scientists工艺造就了更好的科学家，符合文章主题，适合做标题，故选C。
【点睛】标题猜测题。属于主旨大意题的一种，标题应位于文章之首，概括文章内容，点明文章主题。它可以是单词，短语，或句子。确定文章标题，第一，标题要与主题密切相关；其次，看标题是否能概括全文内容，不能只概括短文中的某些事实或细节；第三，标题范围不应太大或太小；最后，标题应新颖，概括性强并且精炼。小题4中C选项概括文中主旨大意，与主题密切相关，故选C。
Passage4
【2020年浙江卷1月】I never knew anyne wh’d grwn up in Jacksn withut being afraid f Mrs. Callway ur librarian. She ran Jacksn’s Carnegie Library abslutely by herself. SILENCE in big black letters was n signs hung everywhere. If she thught yu were dressed imprperly, she sent yu straight back hme t change yur clthes. I was willing；I wuld d anything t read.
My mther was nt afraid f Mrs. Callway. She wished me t have my wn library card t check ut bks fr myself, She tk me in t intrduce me. “Eudra is nine years ld and has my permissin t read any bk she wants frm the shelves, children r adults,” Mther said.
Mrs. Callway made her wn rules abut bks. Yu culd nt take back a bk t the library n the same day yu`d taken it ut；it made n difference t her that yu’d read every wrd in it and needed anther t start. Yu culd take ut tw bks at a time and tw nly. S tw by tw, I read library bks as fast as I culd g, rushing them hme in the basket f my bicycle. Frm the minute I reached ur huse, I started t read. I knew this was extreme happiness, knew it at the time.
My mther shared this feeling f mine. Nw, I think f her as reading s much f the time while ding smething else. I remember her reading a magazine while taking the part f the Wlf in a game f "Little Red Riding Hd" with my brther's tw daughters. She'd just lk up at the right time, lng enugh t answer– in character –"The better t eat yu with, my dear," and g back t her place in the magazine article.
21. Which f the fllwing best described Mrs. Callway?
A. diet.B. Strict.C. Humrus.D. Cnsiderate.
22. What d the underlined wrds "this feeling" refer t in the last paragraph?
A. Desire t read.B. Lve fr Mrs. Callway.
C. Interest in games.D. Fear f the library rules.
23. Where is the text prbably frm?
A. guidebk.B. an autbigraphy.C. a news reprt.D. bk review.
【答案】21. B 22. A 23. B
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要内容为作者非常喜爱阅读，并保持着在图书馆中阅读和借阅书籍的习惯，而作者的母亲也和作者一样拥有对读书的渴望。
【21题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段中I never knew anyne wh’d grwn up in Jacksn withut being afraid f Mrs. Callway ur librarian. （我从来没见过哪个在杰克逊长大的人不害怕我们的图书管理员卡洛维夫人）以及SILENCE in big black letters was n signs hung everywhere. If she thught yu were dressed imprperly, she sent yu straight back hme t change yur clthes.（到处都挂着牌子，上面用黑色的大字写着“肃静”。如果她认为你穿得不合适，她会直接让你回家换衣服）可知Mrs. Callway很严格。故选B。
【22题详解】
词义猜测题。根据下文Nw, I think f her as reading s much f the time while ding smething else.（现在，我觉得她在做其他事情的同时，也在阅读）可知作者的妈妈也非常喜欢阅读，故作者的母亲渴望读书和作者是一样的。故划线短语意思为“渴望读书”。故选A。
【23题详解】
推理判断题。结合文章主要内容可知，作者非常喜爱阅读，并保持着在图书馆中阅读和借阅书籍的习惯，而作者的母亲也和作者一样渴望读书。故可推测文章可能来自于一份自传。故选B。
2019年记叙文
Passage1
【2019年全国卷 Ⅰ】Fr Canaan Elementary’s secnd grade in Patchgue, N.Y.，tday is speech day ,and right nw it’s Chris Palaez’s turn. The 8-year-ld is the jker f the class. With shining dark eyes, he seems like the f kid wh wuld enjy public speaking.
But he’s, nervus.“I’m here t tell yu tday why yu shuld … shuld…”Chris trips n the“-ld,”a. prnunciatin difficulty fr many nn-native English speakers. His teacher ,Thmas Whaley ,is next t him, whispering supprt.“…Vte fr …me …”Except fr sme stumbles, Chris is ding amazingly well. When he brings his speech t a nice cnclusin ,Whaley invites the rest f the class t praise him.
A sn f immigrants, Chris stared learning English a little ver three years ag. Whaley recalls(回想起)hw at the beginning f the year，when called upn t read，Chris wuld excuse himself t g t the bathrm.
Learning English as a secnd language can be a painful experience. What yu need is a great teacher wh lets yu make mistakes. “It takes a lt fr any student，” Whaley explains，“especially fr a student wh is learning English as their new language，t feel cnfident enugh t say，‘I dn’t knw，but I want t knw.’”
Whaley gt the idea f this secnd-grade presidential campaign prject when he asked the children ne day t raise their hands if they thught they culd never be a president. The answer brke his heart. Whaley says the prject is abut mre than just learning t read and speak in public. He wants these kids t learn t bast(夸耀)abut themselves.
“Basting abut yurself，and yur best qualities,” Whaley says，“is very difficult fr a child wh came int the classrm nt feeling cnfident.”
24. What made Chris nervus？
A. Telling a stry.B. Making a speech.
C. Taking a test.D. Answering a questin.
25. What des the underlined wrd “stumbles” in paragraph 2 refer t?
A. Imprper pauses.B. Bad manners.C. Spelling mistakes.D. Silly jkes.
26. We can infer that the purpse f Whaley’s prject is t _________.
A. help students see their wn strengths
B. assess students’ public speaking skills
C. prepare students fr their future jbs
D. inspire students’ lve fr plitics
27. Which f the fllwing best describes Whaley as a teacher?
A. Humrus.B. Ambitius.C. Caring.D. Demanding.
【答案】24. B 25. A 26. A 27. C
【语篇解读】本文属于记叙文，讲述Thmas Whaley为了帮助学生学英语以及树立信心专门开展了一个演讲课程。
24. B【解析】细节理解题。根据第一段tday is speech day和本段最后一句with shining dark eyes, he seems like the kind f kids wh wuld enjy public speaking. 以及第二段第一句But he’s nervus.可知，Chris眼睛黑亮，似乎是那种喜欢公共演讲的孩子，但是他却很紧张，故可知Chris是因为做演讲紧张，故选B。
25.A 【解析】词义猜测题。根据第二段 “I’m here t tell yu tday why yu shuld…shuld…” Chris trips n the “-ld”, a prnunciatin difficulty fr many nn-native English speakers. 以及后文except fr sme stumbles, Chris is ding amazingly well 可知, Chris 发ld比较困难，这对于英语不是母语的学习者来说都是一个困难，总体来说Chris做得出奇的好。根据前文可知，ld发音不准，因此有些结巴，停顿得不准，故选A。
26. A【解析】推理判断题。根据倒数第二段Whaley says the prject is abut mre than just learning t read and speak in public. He wants these kids t learn t bast abut themselves.以及最后一段 “basting abut yurself, and yur best qualities,” Whaley says, “is very difficult fr a child wh came int the classrm nt feeling cnfident.”可知，这个课程不仅仅教孩子阅读以及公共演讲，还要让孩子学会夸耀自己，而夸耀自己对于那些进入教室没有信心的学生来说很困难，故可知，Whaley老师这么做是为了帮助学生认识自己的优势增加信心，故选A。
27. C【解析】推理判断题。根据倒数第二段Whaley gt the idea f this secnd-grade presidential campaign prject when he asked the children ne day t raise their hands if they thught they culd never be a president.和最后一段He wants these kids t learn t bast abut themselves可知，当他有一天问学生认为自己当不了总统请举手的时候，想到了一个想法，这个课程就是帮助学生树立自己的信心，故可以看出这位老师很关心学生的成长。humrus 幽默的， ambitius 有雄心壮志的；caring 关心的；demanding要求高的。故选C。
Passage 2
【2019年全国卷Ⅱ】“Yu can use me as a last resrt(选择), and if nbdy else vlunteers，then I will d it.” This was an actual reply frm a parent after I put ut a request fr vlunteers fr my kids lacrsse(长曲棍球)club.
I guess that there's prbably sme demanding wrk schedule, r scial anxiety arund stepping up t help fr an unknwn sprt. She may just need a little persuading. S I try again and tug at the heartstrings. I mentin the single parent with fur kids running the shw and I talk abut the dad caching a team that his kids aren’t even n … At this pint the unwilling parent speaks up,“Alright. Yes, I’ll d it.”
I’m secretly relieved because I knw there’s real pwer in sharing vlunteer respnsibilities amng many. The unwilling parent rganizes the meal schedule, sends ut emails, and cllects mney fr end-f-seasn gifts. Smewhere alng the way, the same parent ends up becming an invaluable member f the team. The cach is able t fcus n the kids while the ther parents are relieved t be ff the hk fr anther seasn. Handing ut sliced ranges t bldthirsty kids can be as exciting as watching yur wn kid scre a gal.
Still, mst f us vlunteers breathe a sigh f relief when the seasn cmes t a clse. That relief is cupled with a deep understanding f why the same peple keep cming back fr mre: Cnnecting t the cmmunity(社区)as yu freely give yur time, mney, skills, r services prvides a real jy. Vlunteering just feels s gd.
In that sense, I’m pretty sure vlunteering is mre f a selfish act than I’d freely like t admit. Hwever, if thers benefit in the prcess, and I get sme reward t, des it really matter where my mtivatin lies?
24. What can we infer abut the parent frm her reply in paragraph l？
A. She knws little abut the club.
B. She isn't gd at sprts.
C. She just desn't want t vlunteer.
D. She's unable t meet her schedule.
25. What des the underlined phrase“tug at the heartstrings”in paragraph 2 mean ?
A. Encurage team wrk.
B. Appeal t feeling.
C. Prmte gd deeds.
D. Prvide advice.
26. What can we learn abut the parent frm paragraph 3?
A. She gets interested in lacrsse.
B. She is prud f her kids.
C. She’ll wrk fr anther seasn.
D. She becmes a gd helper.
27. Why des the authr like ding vlunteer wrk?
A. It gives her a sense f duty.
B. It makes her very happy.
C. It enables her t wrk hard.
D. It brings her material rewards.
【答案】24. C 25. B 26. D 27. B
【语篇解读】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文中讲述了作者成功说服了一个家长参加志愿者团队，作为一名志愿者作者发挥了自己的作用，并获得了快乐。
24.C 【解析】推理判断题。根据文章第一段中的 Yu can use me as a last resrt（选择）, and if nbdy else vlunteers，then I will d it.可知，你可以当我是最后的候选人，如果没有其他的志愿者，那么我就做。由此可推断出，她不想做自愿者。故选C。
25.B 【解析】词义猜测题。根据划线前句she may just need a little persuading.和下面的一句话I mentin the single parent with fur kids running the shw and I talk abut the dad caching a team that his kids aren't even n ...可知，作者为了劝服这位家长，举了两个例子。故可知，划线句此处应是“煽情”之意。故选B。
26.D 【解析】细节理解题。根据第三段中这位家长作出的贡献及the same parent ends up becming an invaluable member f the team可知，她最终成为了志愿者队伍中的重要的一员，也即是说，她成了一个好帮手。故选D。
27.B 【解析】细节理解题。题干问作者为什么喜欢做志愿者工作。根据第四最两句Cnnecting t the cmmunity（社区）as yu freely give yur time, mney, skills, r services prvides a real jy. Vlunteering just feels s gd.可知，为社区做贡献可以带来真正的快乐， 参加志愿者活动活动能让人感觉快乐。故选B。
Passage 3
【2019年北京卷】Alice Mre is a teenager entrepreneur(创业者), wh in May 2015 set up her business AilieCandy. By the time she was 13，her cmpany was wrth millins f dllars with the inventin f a super-sweet treat that culd save kids' teeth，instead f destrying them.
It all began when Mre visited a bank with her dad. On the uting, she was ffered a candy bar. Hwever, her dad reminded her that sugary treats were bad fr her teeth. But Mre was sick f missing ut n candies. S she desired t get rund the warning, "Why can't I make a healthy candy that's gd fr my teeth s that my parents can't say n t it?" With that in mind, Mre asked her dad if she culd start her wn candy cmpany. He recmmended that she d sme research and talk t dentists abut what a healthier candy wuld cntain.
With her dad's permissin, she spent the next tw years researching nline and cnducting trials t get a recipe that was bth tasty and tth-friendly. She als apprached dentists t learn mre abut teeth cleaning. Cnsequently, she succeeded in making a kind f candy nly using natural sweeteners, which can reduce ral bacteria.
Mre then used her savings t get her business f the grund. Afterwards, she and her father secured their first business meeting with a supermarket wner, wh finally agreed t sell Mre's prduct-Cancandy.
As CanCandy's success grws, s des Mre's credibility as a yung entrepreneur. Mre is enthusiastic abut the candy she created, and she's als psitive abut what the future might bring. She hpes that every kid can have a clean muth and a brad smile.
Meanwhile, with her parents' help, Mre is generally able t live a nrmal teenage life. Althugh she funded her cmpany early n in life, she wasn't driven primarily by prfit. Mre wants t use her unique talent t help thers find their smiles. She dnates 10% f AilicCandy's prfits t Big Smiles. With her talent and determinatin, it appears that the sky culd be the limit fr Alice Mre.
34. Hw did Mre react t her dad's warning?
A. She argued with him.B. She tried t find a way ut.
C. She paid n attentin.D. She chse t cnsult dentists.
35. What is special abut CanCandy?
A. It is beneficial t dental health.B. It is free f sweeteners.
C. It is sweeter than ther candies.D. It is prduced t a dentists' recipe.
36. What des Mre expect frm her business?
A. T earn mre mney.B. T help thers find smiles.
C. T make herself stand ut.D. T beat ther candy cmpanies.
37. What can we learn frm Alice Mre's stry?
A. Fame is a great thirst f the yung.
B. A yuth is t be regarded with respect.
C. Psitive thinking and actin result in success.
D. Success means getting persnal desires satisfied
【答案】34. B 35. A 36. B 37. C
【文章大意】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了Alice Mre，一个年轻有为的创业者的故事，故事告诉我们：积极的思考和行动会带来成功。
34. B 【解析】推理判断题。根据第二段的But Mre was sick f missing ut n candies. S she desired t get rund the warning, "Why can’t I make a healthy candy that's gd fr my teeth s that my parents can't say n t it? "及下文她想方设法最终制作出了叫CanCandy的糖果可知，她对父亲的警告的反应是：她试图找到一条出路。故选B。
35. A 【解析】细节理解题。根据第三段的Cnsequently, she succeeded in making a kind f candy nly using natural sweeteners, which can reduce ral bacteria.可知，因此，这种糖只使用天然甜味剂，可以减少口腔细菌，因此它对牙齿有利。故选A。
36. B 【解析】细节理解题。根据最后一段的Mre wants t use her unique talent t help thers find their smiles.可知，Mr想用她独特的才能帮助别人找到他们的笑容。故选B。
37. C 【解析】推理判断题。文章主要讲述了Mr的创业故事，她之所以能成功源于面对问题和困难时，她乐观的看待问题，积极的想方设法去解决问题。因此，通过她的故事让我们懂得积极的思考和行动会带来成功。故选C。
Passage 4
【2019年江苏卷】The 65-year-ld Steve Gdwin was fund suffering frm early Alzheimer’s(阿尔楚海默症). He was lsing his memry.
A sftware engineer by prfessin, Steve was a keen lver f the pian, and the nly musician in his family. Music was his true passin, thugh he had never perfrmed utside the family.
Melissa, his daughter, felt it mre than wrthwhile t save his music, t which she fell asleep catch night when she was yung. She thught abut hiring a prfessinal pianist t wrk with her father.
Nami, Melissa’s best friend and a talented pianist, gt t knw abut this and shwed willingness t help.
“Why d this?” Steve wndered.
“Because she cares.” Melissa said.
Steve ndded, tears in eye.
Nami drve t the Gdwin hme. She tld Steve she’d lve t hear him play. Steve mved t the pian and sat at the bench, hands trembling as he gently placed his fingers n the keys.
Nami put a small recrder near the pian, Starts and stps and mistakes. Lng pauses, heart sinking. But Steve pressed n, playing fr the first time in his life fr a stranger.
“It was beautiful." Nami said after listening t the recrding. “The music was wrth saving.”
Her respnsibility, her privilege, wuld be t rescue it. The music was still in Steve Gdwin. It was bidden in rms with drs abut t be lcked.
Nami and Steve met every ther week and spent hurs tgether. He’d mve his fingers clumsily n the pian, and then she’d take his place. He struggled t explain what he heard in his head. He std by the pian, eyes clsed, listening fr the first time t his wn wrk being played by smene else.
Steve and Nami spke in musical cde lines, beats, intervals, mving frm the rt t end a sng in a new key. Steve heard it. All f it. He just culdn’t play it.
Wrking with Nami did wnders fr Steve. It had excited within him the belief he culd write ne last sng. One day, Nami received an email. Attached was a recrding, a recrding f lss and lve, f the fight. Steve called it “Melanchly Flwer”.
Nami heard multiple stps and starts, Steve struggling, searching while his wife Jni called him “hney” and encuraged him. The task was s hard, and Steve, angry and upset, said he was quitting. Jni praised him, telling her husband this culd be his signature piece.
Nami managed t figure ut 16 f Steve’s favrite, and mst persnal sngs. With Nami’s help, the Gdwin family fund a sund engineer t recrd Nami playing Steve’s sngs. Jni thught that wuld be the end. But it wasn’t.
In the mnths leading up t the 2016 Oregn Repertry Singers Christmas cncert, Nami tld the directr she had a special ne in mind: “Melanchly Flwer”
She tld the directr abut her prject with Steve. The directr agreed t add it t the playing list. But Nami wuld have t ask Steve’s permissin. He cnsidered it an hnr.
After the cncert, Nami tld the family that Steve’s music was beautiful and prfessinal. It needed t be shared in public.
The family rented a frmer church in dwntwn Prtland and scheduled a cncert. By the day f the shw, mre than 300 peple had said they wuld attend.
By then, Steve was having a hard time remembering the names f sme f his friends. He knew the path his life was nw taking. He tld his family he was at peace.
Steve arrived and sat in the frnt rw, surrunded by his family. The huse lights faded. Nami tk the stage. Her fingers. His heart.
65. Why did Melissa want t save her father’s music?
A. His music culd stp his disease frm wrsening.
B. She wanted t please her dying ld father.
C. His music deserved t be preserved in the family.
D. She wanted t make her father a prfessinal.
66. After hearing Steve’s playing, Nami ________.
A. refused t make a cmment n it
B. was deeply impressed by his music
C. decided t free Steve frm suffering
D. regretted ffering help t her friend
67. Hw can the prcess f Steve’s recrding be described?
A. It was slw but prductive.
B. It was beneficial t his health.
C. It was tiresme fr Nami.
D. It was vital fr Nami’s career.
68. Befre Steve finished “Melanchly Flwer," his wife Jni _______.
A. thught the music talent f Steve was exhausted
B. didn’t expect the damage the disease brught abut
C. didn’t fully realize the value f her husband’s music
D. brught her husband’s music career t perfectin
69. Hw did Steve feel at the cncert held in dwntwn Prtland？
A. He felt cncerned abut his illness.
B. He sensed a respnsibility fr music.
C. He regained his faith in music.
D. He gt int a state f quiet.
70. What can be a suitable title fr the passage?
A. The Kindness f FriendsB. The Pwer f Music
C. The Making f a MusicianD. The Value f Determinatin
【答案】65. C 66. B 67. A 68. C 69. D 70. B
【语篇解读】本文属于记叙文，主要讲述一个钢琴师帮助一个患老年痴呆症的老人录制音乐的故事，其录制过程比较艰苦，但是录制的音乐很成功，也让老人对音乐充满了信心。
65.C 【解析】细节理解题。根据第二段可知，Steve的专业软件工程，还是一个钢琴的热爱者，是家里唯一的音乐家，音乐是他真正热爱的东西，尽管没有在家以外的地方弹奏过钢琴。根据第三段Melissa, his daughter ,felt it mre than wrthwhile t save his music.可知他的女儿Melissa觉得保存他的音乐很有价值，故选C。
66.B 【解析】推理判断题。根据第十段 “it was beautiful,” Nami said after listening t the recrding. “ the music was wrth saving.”可知，听了录音之后Nami说很美，值得保存，故可以得出Nami对Steve的音乐印象深刻，故选B。
67.A 【解析】推理判断题。根据第十二段He’d mve his fingers clumsily n the pian, and then she’d take his place. He struggled t explain what he heard in his head.以及第十三段Steve and Nami spke in musical cde: lines, beats, intervals, mving frm the rt t end a sng in a new key. Steve heard it. All f it, he just culdn’t play it.可知，Steve会笨拙地把手指放在钢琴上，然后Nami把手指放在他放的地方，并且Steve努力解释脑海里的内容，所有的这些，都是Nami在弹奏，而Steve在听，故可知这个录制过程很慢。根据第十六段Nami managed t figure ut 16 f Steve’s favrite, and mst persnal sngs.可知作品很多。故选A。
68.C 【解析】推理判断题。根据第十六段Jni thught that wuld be the end. But it wasn’t. 以及后文Steve取得的成就可知在完成Melanchly Flwer之前，他的妻子还没完全意识到丈夫的音乐的真正价值，故选C。
69.D 【解析】推理判断题。根据倒数第二段He knew the path his life was nw taking. He tld his family he was at peace.可知，他知道自己一生要选择的路，告诉家人他很平静，故可知，家乡的音乐会让他重新坚定了对音乐的信念，故选D。
70.B 【解析】标题归纳题。本文主要讲述一个钢琴师帮助一个患老年痴呆症的人录制音乐的故事，其录制过程比较艰苦，但是录制的音乐很成功，也让老人对音乐充满了信心。B项“音乐的力量”概括了全文内容，是最佳标题。故选B。
2018年记叙文
Passage1
【2018年浙江卷11月】I start every summer with the best f intentins:t attack ne big bk frm the past, a classic that I was suppsed t have read when yung and ambitius. Often the pairings f bks and settings have been purely accidental: "Mby Dick" n a three-day crss-cuntry train trip: “The Magic Muntain” in a New England beachside cttage with n lcks n the drs, n telephnes r televisins in the rms, and little t d beynd rw n the salt pnd. Attempting "The Man Withut Qualities" n a return t Hawaii, my native state, hwever, was less fruitful: I made it thrugh ne and a quarter vlumes (册), then decided that I'd gt the pint and went swimming instead.
But this summer I find myself at a lss. I’m nt quite interested in Balzac, say, r “Tristram Shandy.” There’s always War and Peace, which I've cvered sme distance several times, nly t get bgged dwn in the "War" part, set it aside fr a while, and realize that I have t start ver frm the beginning again, having frgtten everyne’s name and scial rank. Hw appealing t simply fall back n a favrite-nce mre int “The Waves” r “Justine,” which feels almst like cheating, t exciting and t much fun t prperly belng in serius literature.
And then there’s Stendhal’s “The Red and the Black,” which happens t be the name f my favrite ccktail (鸡尾酒) f the summer, created by Michael Ceccni at Savy and BackFrty. It is easy t drink, and kncking back three r fur seems like such a delightful idea. Ceccni's thery: "I take whatever’s fresh at the green market and turn it int liquid." The result is a pure sht f afternn in the park, making ne feel cheerful and peaceful all at nce, lying n uncut grass with eyes shut, sun beating thrugh the lids...
27．What can we infer abut the authr frm the first paragraph?
A．He has a cttage in New England.B．He shws talents fr literature.
C．He enjys reading when traveling.D．He admires a lt f great writers.
28．What d the underlined wrds "get bgged dwn" in paragraph 2 mean?
A．Get cnfused.B．Be carried away.
C．Be interrupted.D．Make n prgress.
29．Why des the authr say reading his favrite bks feels like cheating?
A．He finishes them quickly.B．He shuld read smething serius.
C．He barely understands them.D．He has read them many times befre.
30．What can be a suitable title fr the text?
A．The Bks f SummerB．My Summer Hlidays
C．T Read r Nt t ReadD．It’s Never T Late t Read
【答案】27．C 28．D 29．B 30．A
【分析】这是一篇记叙文。作者喜欢暑期旅游读书，并和我们分享了自己读书的体会。
27．推理判断题。根据第一段中"Mby Dick" n a three-day crss-cuntry train trip: “The Magic Muntain” in a New England beachside cttage……"The Man Withut Qualities"n a return t Hawaii,等内容可知，作者在旅行中喜欢读名著，故选C。
28．猜测词义题。根据句中cvered sme distance several times和set it aside fr a while及读后的结果having frgtten everyne’s name and scial rank.可知，作者在读“战争”部分时几次合上书，把书放一边。句中画线的“get bgged dwn”指的是陷入困境，停滞不前，没有进展。与Make n prgress同义，故选D。
29．推理判断题。根据第二段Hw appealing t simply fall back n a favrite-nce mre int “The Waves” r “Justine,” which feels almst like cheating, t exciting and t much fun t prperly belng in serius literature.可知，作者再次读到自己最喜欢的书时，感到非常刺激和兴奋。同时感觉自己兴奋的心情与严肃的作品不适合，所以这时候会有cheating的感觉，认为自己应该读一些严肃的东西。故选B。
30．主旨大意题。文章第一段开头作者就点明every summer，谈到了每年暑假旅行时喜欢读名著。第二段But this summer I find myself at a lss.谈到今年夏天读书的困惑，第三段my favrite ccktail (鸡尾酒)f the summer,再次把读书和鸡尾酒联系，谈自己读书的感受。所以全文都和夏天读书有关，The Bks f Summer适合作为标题，故选A。
【点睛】概括主旨的方法是：先看首尾或各段开头再看全文找主题句，若无明显主题句，就通过关键词句来概括(如议论文中寻找表达作者观点态度的词句，记叙文寻找概括情节和中心的动词或反映人物特点的形容词)。文中出现两种或两种以上的不同观点时，务必牢记作者的观点才是体现全文中心的。小题4考查本文的标题，文章第一段开头作者就点明every summer，谈到了每年暑假旅行时喜欢读名著。第二段But this summer I find myself at a lss.谈到今年夏天读书的困惑，第三段my favrite ccktail (鸡尾酒)f the summer,再次把读书和鸡尾酒联系，谈自己读书的感受。所以全文都和夏天读书有关，The Bks f Summer.适合作为标题。
Passage2
【2018年全国Ⅲ卷】Adults understand what it feels like t be flded with bjects. Why d we ften assume that mre is mre when it cmes t kids and their belngings? The gd news is that I can help my wn kids learn earlier than I did hw t live mre with less.
I fund the pre-hlidays a gd time t encurage yung children t dnate less-used things, and it wrked. Because f ur effrts, ur daughter Gergia did decide t dnate a large bag f tys t a little girl whse mther was unable t pay fr her hliday due t illness. She chse t sell a few larger bjects that were less ften used when we prmised t put the mney int her schl fund(基金）(ur kindergarten daughter is serius abut becming a dctr)
Fr weeks, I've been thinking f bigger, deeper questins: Hw d we make it a habit fr them? And hw d we train urselves t help them live with, need, and use less? Yesterday, I sat with my sn, Shepherd, determined t test my wn thery n this. I decided t play with him with nly ne ty fr as lng as it wuld keep his interest. I expected that ne ty wuld keep his attentin fr abut five minutes, ten minutes, max. I chse a red rubber ball-simple, universally available. We passed it, he tried t put it in his muth, he tried buncing it, rlling it, sitting n it, thrwing it. It was ttally, cmpletely enugh fr him. Befre I knew it an hur had passed and it was time t mve n t lunch.
We bth became absrbed in the simplicity f playing tgether. He had my full attentin and I had his. My little experiment t find jy in a single bject wrked fr bth f us.
32. What d the wrds “mre is mre” in paragraph 1 prbably mean?
A. The mre, the better. B. Enugh is enugh.
C. Mre mney, mre wrries. D. Earn mre and spend mre.
33. What made Gergia agree t sell sme f her bjects?
A. Saving up fr her hliday B. Raising mney fr a pr girl
C. Adding the mney t her fund D. Giving the mney t a sick mther
34. Why did the authr play the ball with Shepherd?
A. T try ut an idea
B. T shw a parent's lve
C. T train his attentin
D. T help him start a hbby
35. What can be a suitable title fr the text?
A. Take It r Leave It B. A Lessn frm Kids
C. Live Mre with Less D. The Pleasure f Giving
【答案】32. A 33. C 34. A 35. C
【解析】这是一片夹叙夹议文。文章讲述作者引导孩子主动捐献玩具，并从玩耍简单玩具中获得快乐的做法。
32. 词义猜测题。根据文章第一段最后一句…I can help my wn kids learn earlier than I did hw t live mre with less可以推断出，人们通常认为越多越好。故选A。
33. 细节理解题。根据文章第二段中She chse t sell a few larger bjects that were less ften used when we prmised t put the mney int her schl fund(基金)可知，当我们承诺给她把卖玩具的钱放到她的教育基金里时，她同意卖玩具。故选C。
34. 细节理解题。根据文章最后一段最后一句My little experiment t find jy in a single bject wrked fr bth f us.表明，跟Shepherd玩球是为了测试自己的一种想法是否可行。故选A。
35. 主旨大意题。根据文章第一段可知，作者想要教会孩子hw t live mre with less，而二三段是作者的尝试，故C作标题适合。
【点睛】 高考中词义推断可以是一个单词的意义推断，也可以是一个短语或句子的意义推断，既可以是生词意义，也可以是熟词新意；还可以是对替代词所替代内容的判断。在阅读理解题中，所考查的词或短语的意义往往不停留在字面上，要根据短文提供的语境，通过阅读上下文，根据已知的信息或常识来推测尚不熟悉的词或词组的含义。词义猜测主要的解题策略有：语境猜词、语法猜词和常识猜词。
语境既上下文。由于上下文中的生词不是孤立存在的，其词义与句中其它词的词义或具体的语境有着密切的联系。因此在阅读过程中，许多生词的词义可以充分利用上下文中相关的词汇，短语并结合具体的语境来推测。此题中第一题为词义猜测题。根据文章第一段的第三句the gd news is that I can …可以推断出，前后语义相反，后句中是live mre with less，所以前句应该是“越多越好”的意思。
Passage 3
【2018年浙江卷6月】 In 1812, the year Charles Dickens was brn, there were 66 nvels published in Britain. Peple had been writing nvels fr a century — mst experts date the first nvel t Rbinsn Cruse in 1719 — but nbdy wanted t d it prfessinally. The steam-pwered printing press was still in its early stages; the literacy（识字） rate in England was under 50%. Many wrks f fictin appeared withut the names f the authrs, ften with smething like “By a lady.”Nvels, fr the mst part, were lked upn as silly, immral, r just plain bad.
In 1870, when Dickens died, the wrld murned him as its first prfessinal writer and publisher, famus and belved, wh had led an explsin in bth the publicatin f nvels and their readership and whse characters — frm Oliver Twist t Tiny Tim — were held up as mral tuchstnes. Tday Dickens’ greatness is unchallenged. Remving him frm the panthen（名人堂） f English literature wuld make abut as much sense as the Luvre selling ff the Mna Lisa.
Hw did Dickens get t the tp? Fr all the feelings readers attach t stries, literature is a numbers game, and the test f time is extremely difficult t pass. Sme 60,000 nvels were published during the Victrian age, frm 1837 t 1901; tday a casual reader might be able t name a half-dzen f them. It’s partly true that Dickens’ style f writing attracted audiences frm all walks f life. It’s partly that his writings rde a wave f scial, plitical and scientific prgress. But it’s als that he rewrte the culture f literature and put himself at the center. N ne will ever knw what mix f talent, ambitin, energy and luck made Dickens such a singular writer. But as the 200th anniversary f his birth appraches, it is pssible — and imprtant fr ur wn culture — t understand hw he made himself a lasting ne.
21. Which f the fllwing best describes British nvels in the 18th century?
A. They were difficult t understand.B. They were ppular amng the rich.
C. They were seen as nearly wrthless.D. They were written mstly by wmen.
22. Dickens is cmpared with the Mna Lisa in the text t stress ________.
A. his reputatin in FranceB. his interest in mdern art
C. his success in publicatinD. his imprtance in literature
23. What is the authr’s purpse in writing the text?
A. T remember a great writer.B. T intrduce an English nvel.
C. T encurage studies n culture.D. T prmte values f the Victrian age.
【答案】21.C 22.D 23.A
【文章大意】
本文写于Charles Dickens诞辰200周年前夕，介绍了Charles Dickens在英国小说方面的重要贡献和深远影响。
21.C 【解析】细节理解题。根据第一段对当时情况的描写nbdy wanted t d it prfessinally. The steam-pwered printing press was still in its early stages; the literacy（识字）rate in England was under 50%. Many wrks f fictin appeared withut the names f the authrs... Nvels, fr the mst part, were lked upn as silly, immral, r just plain bad.印刷技术落后，人们识字率低，作品上没有作者名字，小说被认为是愚蠢的不正常的，毫无价值可言。故选C。
22.D 【解析】推理判断题。根据第二段Dickens’ greatness is unchallenged.和列举的Charles Dickens小说的影响可知，把他和Mna Lisa相比是为了说明Charles Dickens在英国小说方面的重要性和Mna Lisa在绘画方面的重要性是一样的，故选D。
23.A 【解析】写作意图题。根据文中对Charles Dickens及其作品在英国小说史上重要性的描写，和文章最后But as the 200th anniversary f his birth appraches, it is pssible — and imprtant fr ur wn culture—t understand hw he made himself a lasting ne.可知本文是写于Charles Dickens诞辰200周年前夕，由此可知作者写本文是为了纪念这位伟大的作家。故选A。
Passage 4
【2018年北京卷】 My First Marathn（马拉松）
A mnth befre my first marathn, ne f my ankles was injured and this meant nt running fr tw weeks, leaving me nly tw weeks t train. Yet, I was determined t g ahead.
I remember back t my 7th year in schl. In my first P. E. class, the teacher required us t run laps and then hit a sftball. I didn’t d either well. He later infrmed me that I was ＂nt athletic＂.
The idea that I was ＂nt athletic＂ stuck with me fr years. When I started running in my 30s, I realized running was a battle against myself, nt abut cmpetitin r whether r nt I was athletic. It was all abut the battle against my wn bdy and mind. A test f wills!
The night befre my marathn, I dreamt that I culdn’t even find the finish line. I wke up sweating and nervus, but ready t prve smething t myself.
Shrtly after crssing the start line, my she laces(鞋带) became untied. S I stpped t readjust. Nt the start I wanted!
At mile 3, I passed a sign: ＂GO FOR IT, RUNNERS!＂
By mile 17, I became ut f breath and the nce injured ankle hurt badly. Despite the pain, I stayed the curse walking a bit and then running again.
By mile 21, I was starving!
As I apprached mile 23, I culd see my wife waving a sign. She is my biggest fan. She never minded the alarm clck sunding at 4 a. m. r questined my expenses n running.
I was ne f the final runners t finish. But I finished! And I gt a medal. In fact, I gt the same medal as the ne that the guy wh came in first place had. zxxk
Determined t be myself, mve frward, free f shame and wrldly labels(世俗标签), I can nw call myself a ＂marathn winner＂.
36. A mnth befre the marathn, the authr ____________.
A. was well trained B. felt scared
C. made up his mind t run D. lst hpe
37. Why did the authr mentin the P. E. class in his 7th year?
A. T acknwledge the supprt f his teacher.
B. T amuse the readers with a funny stry.
C. T shw he was nt talented in sprts.
D. T share a precius memry.
38. Hw was the authr’s first marathn?
A. He made it. B. He quit halfway.
C. He gt the first prize. D. He walked t the end.
39. What des the stry mainly tell us?
A. A man wes his success t his family supprt.
B. A winner is ne with a great effrt f will.
C. Failure is the mther f success.
D. One is never t ld t learn.
【答案】36. C 37. C 38. A 39. B
【文章大意】本文为一篇记叙文。讲述了自己第一次跑马拉松，凭借自己的意志力成功跑完全程的励志故事。
36.C 【解析】细节理解题。根据文章第一段最后一句Yet, I was determined t g ahead. 可知，马拉松赛前一个月尽管作者脚踝受伤使得训练时间缩短，但作者仍下定决心参赛。故选C。
37.C 【解析】细节理解题。根据文章第二段I didn’t d either well. He later infrmed me that I was ＂nt athletic＂可知，作者提到7年级的事情是为了证明自己真的没有运动天赋。故选C。
38.A 【解析】细节理解题。根据文章第10段I was ne f the final runners t finish. But I finished! And I gt a medal. In fact, I gt the same medal as the ne that the guy wh came in first place had. 可知，作者坚持到了最后，而且得到了一块奖牌，虽然不是第一名，由此可见他成功地跑完了马拉松。故选A。
39.B 【解析】主旨大意题。通读全文可知，作者在讲述自己跑马拉松的经历，再根据最后一段Determined t be myself, mve frward, free f shame and wrldly labels(世俗标签), I can nw call myself a ＂marathn winner＂. 可知，作者成功跑完马拉松源于自己的意志。故选B。
Passage 5
【2018年天津卷】When I was 17, I read a magazine article abut a museum called the McNay, nce the hme f a waterclrist named Marian McNay. She had requested the cmmunity t turn it int a museum upn her death. On a sunny Saturday, Sally and I drve ver t the museum. She asked, "D yu have the address? ""N, but I'll recgnize it, there was a picture in the magazine. "
"Oh, stp. There it is!”
The museum was free. We entered, excited. A grup f peple sitting in the hall stpped talking and stared at us.
"May I help yu?" a man asked. "N, "I said. "We're fine.” Tur guides gt n my nerves. What if they talked a lng time abut a painting yu weren't that interested in? Sally had gne upstairs. The peple in the hall seemed very nsy(爱窥探的), keeping their eyes n me with curisity. What was their prblem? I saw sme nice sculptures in ne rm. Suddenly I sensed a man standing behind me. "Where d yu think yu are? " he asked. I turned sharply. "The McNay Art Museum!" He smiled, shaking his head. "Srry, the McNay is n New Braunfels Street." "What’s this place?” I asked, still cnfused. "Well, it's ur hme." My heart jlted(震颤). I raced t the staircase and called ut, "Sally! Cme dwn immediately! "
"There's sme really gd stuff(艺术作品) up there." She stepped dwn, lking cnfused. I pushed her tward the frnt dr, waving at the family, saying, "Srry, please frgive us, yu have a really nice place." Outside, when I tld Sally what happened, she cvered her muth, laughing. She culdn't believe hw lng they let us lk arund withut saying anything.
The real McNay was splendid, but we felt nervus the whle time we were there. Van Ggh, Picass. This time, we stayed tgether, in case anything else unusual happened.
Thirty years later, a wman apprached me in a public place. "Excuse me, did yu ever enter a residence, lng ag, thinking it was the McNay Museum?"
"Yes. But hw d yu knw? We never tld anyne."
"That was my hme. I was a teenager sitting in the hall. Befre yu came ver, I never realized what a beautiful place I lived in. I never felt lucky befre. Yu thught it was a museum. My feelings abut my hme changed after that. I've always wanted t thank yu."
41. What d we knw abut Marian McNay?
A. She was a painter.
B. She was a cmmunity leader.
C. She was a museum directr.
D. She was a jurnalist.
42. Why did the authr refuse the help frm the man in the huse?
A. She disliked peple wh were nsy.
B. She felt nervus when talking t strangers.
C. She knew mre abut art than the man.
D. She mistk him fr a tur guide.
43. Hw did the authr feel abut being stared at by the peple in the hall?
A. Puzzled. B. Cncerned.
C. Frightened. D. Delighted.
44. Why did the authr describe the real McNay museum in just a few wrds?
A. The real museum lacked enugh artwrk t interest her.
B. She was t upset t spend much time at the real museum.
C. The McNay was disappinting cmpared with the huse.
D. The event happening in the huse was mre significant.
45. What culd we learn frm the last paragraph?
A. Peple shuld have gd taste t enjy life.
B. Peple shuld spend mre time with their family.
C. Peple tend t be blind t the beauty arund them.
D. Peple tend t educate teenagers at a museum.
【答案】41. A 42. D 43. A 44. D 45. C
【解析】本文是一篇记叙文。文章作者和朋友原想参观McNay博物馆，到了之后参观的时候，发现很多人奇怪的看着她，最后才发现自己误将一个私人住宅当成McNay博物馆。30年后，一位女士认出误撞入自己住宅的作者，指出正是因为作者的误撞入才让她意识到自己住的地方有多么美丽。
41. 细节理解题。根据文章第一段When I was 17, I read a magazine article abut a museum called the McNay, nce the hme f a waterclrist named Marian McNay.可知，Marian McNay是一名水彩画家。故选A。
42. 细节理解题。根据文章第四段"May I help yu?" a man asked. "N, "I said. "We're fine.” Tur guides gt n my nerves.可知，导游令作者心烦，作者误认为屋子里的男人是位导游。故选D。
43. 推理判断题。根据文章第四段The peple in the hall seemed very nsy(爱窥探的), keeping their eyes n me with curisity. What was their prblem?（大厅的人看起来都非常爱窥探的，眼睛不停的好奇的看着我。他们有什么问题？）可以推断出，作者当时感到困惑不解。故选A。
44. 推理判断题。根据全文可知，作者着墨点主要在叙述参观误当成McNay博物馆的私人住宅上，故这才是文章的重心，所以将真正的McNay博物馆叙述一带而过。故选D。
45. 推理判断题。根据文章最后一段Befre yu came ver, I never realized what a beautiful place I lived in.可知，在作者未造访她家之前，这位女士从未意识到自己住的地方多么美丽，从而可以推断出，人们往往对周围的美而不见。故选C。
2017年记叙文
Passage1
【2017年新课标Ⅰ卷】I wrk with Vlunteers fr Wildlife, a rescue and educatin rganizatin at Bailey Arbretum in Lcust Valley. Trying t help injured, displaced r sick creatures can be heartbreaking; survival is never certain. Hwever, when it wrks, it is simply beautiful.
I gt a rescue call frm a wman in Muttntwn. She had fund a yung wl(猫头鹰) n the grund. When I arrived, I saw a 2-t 3-week-ld wl. It had already been placed in a carrier fr safety.
I examined the chick(雏鸟) and it seemed fine. If I culd lcate the nest, I might have been able t put it back, but n luck. My next wrk was t cnstruct a nest and anchr it in a tree.
The hmewner was very helpful. A wire basket was fund. I put sme pine branches int the basket t make this nest safe and cmfrtable. I placed the chick in the nest, and it quickly calmed dwn.
Nw all that was needed were the parents, but they were absent. I gave the hmewner a recrding f the hunger screams f wl chicks. These advertise the presence f chicks t adults; they might als encurage ur chick t start calling as well. I gave the wner as much infrmatin as pssible and headed hme t see what news the night might bring.
A nervus night t be sure, but smetimes the spirits f nature smile n us all! The hmewner called t say that the parents had respnded t the recrdings. I drve ver and saw the chick in the nest lking healthy and active. And it was accmpanied in the nest by the greatest sight f all — LUNCH! The parents had dne their duty and wuld prbably cntinue t d s.
24. What is unavidable in the authr’s rescue wrk accrding t paragraph 1?
A. Effrts made in vain.
B. Getting injured in his wrk.
C. Feeling uncertain abut his future.
D. Creatures frced ut f their hmes.
25. Why was the authr called t Muttntwn?
A. T rescue a wman.
B. T take care f a wman.
C. T lk at a baby wl.
D. T cure a yung wl.
26. What made the chick calm dwn?
A. A new nest.B. Sme fd.C. A recrding.D. Its parents.
27. Hw wuld the authr feel abut the utcme f the event?
A. It’s unexpected.B. It’s beautiful.
C. It’s humrus.D. It’s discuraging.
【文章大意】本文是一篇记叙文。救助小动物并没有那么简单，因为你所做的救助行为到最后可能都成了无用功。但无论结果怎样，救助小动物的这种行为是美好的。本文主要介绍了作者救助一只小猫头鹰，给它做新的窝，帮助它回到父母身边的故事。
24. A 推理判断题。根据第一段中的Trying t help injured, displaced r sick creatures can be heartbreaking; survival is never certain.可知救助受伤的、流离失所的、生病的动物是令人心碎的，因为我们不知道救助的动物是否能活下去，也就是说我们为救助动物而花费的努力可能会白费，这是不可避免的。故选A。
25. C 推理判断题。根据第二段中的She had fund a yung wl(猫头鹰) n the grund. When I arrived, I saw a 2-t 3-week-ld wl可知有人给作者打电话是因为有只小猫头鹰掉在地上了，作者赶过去看看情况。文中并没有说小猫头鹰受伤了，作者只是过去看情况，所以D选项错误。故选C。
26. A 细节理解题。根据第四段中的I placed the chick in the nest, and it quickly calmed dwn可知在作者把小猫头鹰放在窝里之后，它很快就安静下来，所以是窝让小猫头鹰安静下来的。故选A。
27. B 观点态度题。根据前文描述可知作者为小猫头鹰做了窝，并且帮助它找回了它的父母，小猫头鹰的父母还为它带回了午餐，作者的救助成功了，说明结局是美好的。再结合第一段的Hwever, when it wrks, it is simply beautiful.可推测，作者感觉很美好。故选B。
Passage 2
【2017年新课标Ⅱ卷】I first met Paul Newman in 1968, when Gerge Ry Hill, the directr f Butch Cassidy and the Sundance Kid, intrduced us in New Yrk City. When the studi didn’t want me fr the film — it wanted smebdy as well knwn as Paul — he std up fr me. I dn’t knw hw many peple wuld have dne that; they wuld have listened t their agents r the studi pwers.
The friendship that grew ut f the experience f making that film and The Sting fur years later had its rt in the fact that althugh there was an age difference, we bth came frm a traditin f theater and live TV. We were respectful f craft(技艺) and fcused n digging int the characters we were ging t play. Bth f us had the qualities and virtues that are typical f American actrs: humrus, aggressive, and making fun f each ther — but always with an underlying affectin. Thse were als at the cre(核心) f ur relatinship ff the screen.
We shared the belief that if yu’re frtunate enugh t have success, yu shuld put smething back — he with his Newman’s Own fd and his Hle in the Wall camps fr kids wh are seriusly ill, and me with Sundance and the institute and the festival. Paul and I didn’t see each ther all that regularly, but sharing that brught us tgether. We supprted each ther financially and by shwing up at events.
I last saw him a few mnths ag. He’d been in and ut f the hspital. He and I bth knew what the deal was, and we didn’t talk abut it. Ours was a relatinship that didn’t need a lt f wrds.
24. Why was the studi unwilling t give the rle t the authr at first?
A. Paul Newman wanted it.
B. The studi pwers didn’t like his agent.
C. He wasn’t famus enugh.
D. The directr recmmended smene else.
25. Why did Paul and the authr have a lasting friendship?
A. They were f the same age.
B. They wrked in the same theater.
C. They were bth gd actrs.
D. They had similar characteristics.
26. What des the underlined wrd "that" in paragraph 3 refer t?
A. Their belief.
B. Their care fr children.
C. Their success.
D. Their supprt fr each ther.
27. What is the authr’s purpse in writing the text?
A. T shw his lve f films.
B. T remember a friend.
C. T intrduce a new mvie.
D. T share his acting experience.
【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。作者讲述了与Paul的相识及与其建立友谊的原因,虽不常见面但是却因共同的信念而保持着友谊。
24. C【解析】考查细节理解。根据第一段中的"When the studi didn’t want me fr the film — it wanted smebdy as well knwn as Paul — he std up fr me"可知,摄影棚起初不愿意给作者角色的原因是想找一个与Paul一样著名的人物。故可知作者当时不够有名。该题选C项。该题文中只是给出了一些琐碎的信息,需要考生根据这些信息总结出两人拥有持久友谊的原因,这就要求考生具有一定的归纳推理能力。文中明确提到了作者与Paul并不同龄,所以排除A项;B项文中并未提及;C项不是两人拥有持久友谊的原因。
25. D【解析】考查推理判断。根据文章第二段中的"We were respectful f craft(技艺) and fcused n digging int the characters we were ging t play. Bth f us had the qualities and virtues that are typical f American actrs"可知,作者与Paul之所以拥有持久的友谊是因为他们有相似的性格特征。故D项符合题意。
26. A【解析】考查代词指代。根据第三段中的"We shared the belief that if yu’re frtunate enugh t have success, yu shuld put smething back"可知,下文的内容是对the belief的解释,that引导同位语从句,解释说明the belief的具体内容。下文提到了我们并不经常见面,但是分享这个信念把我们带到了一起。故选A项。该题要求考生具有一定的句法分析能力,能从一个长难句中找出关键词,并根据上下文信息判断出代词的指代内容。而B、C项只是the belief后的同位语从句中的部分内容,故排除;根据画线词后一句可排除D项。
27. B【解析】考查写作目的。根据全文内容,尤其是第一段中的"I first met Paul Newman in 1968"以及最后一段中的"I last saw him a few mnths ag"可知,该篇文章的写作目的是回忆一位朋友,所以选B项。
写作目的题是考查作者写这篇文章是为了什么,达到什么目的。对于记叙文而言,往往是开篇引出主题,并以时间顺序叙述全文,最后进行总结。主旨大意题是考查文章讲什么,中心思想是什么。所以两者要有所区分。A、C和D项都过于片面,故排除。
Passage 3
【2017年新课标Ⅲ卷】Minutes after the last mvie ended yesterday at the Plaza Theater, emplyees were busy sweeping up ppcrns and gathering cke cups. It was a scene that had been repeated many times in the theater’s 75-year histry. This time, hwever, the cleanup was a little different. As ne grup f wrkers carried ut the rubbish, anther grup began remving seats and ther theater equipment in preparatin fr the building’s end.
The film classic The Last Picture Shw was the last mvie shwn in the ld theater. Thugh the mvie is 30 years ld, mst f the 250 seats were filled with teary-eyed audience wanting t say gd-bye t the ld building. Theater wner Ed Bradfrd said he chse the mvie because it seemed apprpriate. The mvie is set in a small twn where the nly mvie theater is preparing t clse dwn.
Bradfrd said that large mdern theaters in the city made it impssible fr the Plaza t cmpete. He added that the theater’s lcatin(位置) was als a reasn. ＂This used t be the center f twn,＂ he said. ＂Nw the area is mstly ffice buildings and warehuses.＂
Last week sme city fficials suggested the city might be interested in turning the ld theater int a museum and public meeting place. Hwever, these plans were abandned because f financial prblems. Bradfrd sld the building and land t a lcal develpment firm, which plans t build a shpping cmplex n the land where the theater is lcated.
The theater audience said gd-bye as Bradfrd lcked the drs fr the last time. After 75 years the Plaza Theater had shwn its last mvie. The theater will be missed.
24. In what way was yesterday’s cleanup at the Plaza special?
A. It made rm fr new equipment.
B. It signaled the clsedwn f the theater.
C. It was dne with the help f the audience.
D. It marked the 75th anniversary f the theater.
25. Why was The Last Picture Shw put n?
A. It was an all-time classic.
B. It was abut the histry f the twn.
C. The audience requested it.
D. The theater wner fund it suitable.
26. What will prbably happen t the building?
A. It will be repaired.
B. It will be turned int a museum.
C. It will be kncked dwn.
D. It will be sld t the city gvernment.
27. What can we infer abut the audience?
A. They are disappinted with Bradfrd.
B. They are sad t part with the ld theater.
C. They are supprtive f the city fficials.
D. They are eager t have a shpping center.
【答案】
【文章大意】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了一家具有75年历史的剧院因为不利的地理位置和现代剧院的竞争而被转售的故事。
24.B 【解析】细节理解题。根据首段的最后两句可知，这次散场后的清理工作与之前不同的是工人不仅清理走了垃圾，而且还搬走了座椅和剧院的其他设备，因为剧院已经被转卖出去了。
25.D 【解析】推理判断题。根据第二段最后两句可知，剧院老板选择这部电影是因为这部电影本身讲述的就是小镇上唯一的电影院准备关门停业的故事，与Plaza Theater的现状一样。
26.C 【解析】推理判断题。根据第四段末句中的＂which plans t build a shpping cmplex n the land where the theater is lcated＂可以推断出这个剧院将被拆除，取而代之的是一个购物中心。
27.B 【解析】推理判断题。根据第二段中的＂mst f the 250 seats were filled with teary-eyed audience wanting t say gd-bye t the ld building＂可知，人们非常难过，不愿意看到老剧院被拆掉。
Passage 4
【2017年浙江卷】Benjamin West, the father f American painting, shwed his talent fr art when he was nly six years f age. But he did nt knw abut brushes befre a visitr tld him he needed ne. In thse days, a brush was made frm camel’s hair. There were n camels nearby. Benjamin decided that cat hair wuld wrk instead. He cut sme fur frm the family cat t make a brush.
The brush did nt last lng. Sn Benjamin needed mre fur. Befre lng, the cat began t lk ragged(蓬乱). His father said that the cat must be sick. Benjamin was frced t admit what he had been ding.
The cat’s lt was abut t imprve. That year, ne f Benjamin’s cusins, Mr. Penningtn, came t visit. He was impressed with Benjamin’s drawings. When he went hme, he sent Benjamin a bx f paint and sme brushes. He als sent six engravings(版画) by an artist. These were the first pictures and first real paint and brushes Benjamin had ever seen.
In 1747, when Benjamin was nine years ld, Mr.Penningtn returned fr anther visit. He was amazed at what Benjamin had dne with his gift. He asked Benjamin’s parents if he might take the by back t Philadelphia fr a visit.
In the city, Mr.Penningtn gave Benjamin materials fr creating il paintings. The by began a landscape(风景) painting. William Williams, a well-knwn painter, came t see him wrk. Williams was impressed with Benjamin and gave him tw classic bks n painting t take hme. The bks were lng and dull. Benjamin culd read nly a little, having been a pr student. But he later said, "Thse tw bks were my cmpanins by day, and under my pillw at night." While it is likely that he understd very little f the bks, they were his intrductin t classical paintings. The nine-year-ld by decided then that he wuld be an artist.
21.What is the text mainly abut?
A. Benjamin’s visit t Philadelphia.
B. Williams’ influence n Benjamin.
C. The beginning f Benjamin’s life as an artist.
D. The friendship between Benjamin and Penningtn.
22.What des the underlined sentence in paragraph 3 suggest?
A. The cat wuld be clsely watched.
B. The cat wuld get sme medical care.
C. Benjamin wuld leave his hme shrtly.
D. Benjamin wuld have real brushes sn.
23.What did Penningtn d t help Benjamin develp his talent?
A. He tk him t see painting exhibitins.
B. He prvided him with painting materials.
C. He sent him t a schl in Philadelphia.
D. He taught him hw t make engravings.
24.Williams’ tw bks helped Benjamin t .
A. master the use f paints
B. appreciate landscape paintings
C. get t knw ther painters
D. make up his mind t be a painter
【解析】
试题分析：本文属于记叙文，主要讲了美国绘画之父Benjamin在决定要成为一名画家之前的经历。
21.C 【解析】主旨大意题。文章主要介绍了美国绘画之父Benjamin在成为一名画家之前的生活经历，并介绍了Penningtn对Benjamin在绘画道路上的一些帮助，故选C。
22.D 【解析】句意猜测题。根据第三段＂These were the first pictures and first real paint and brushes Benjamin had ever seen＂可知Benjamin在剪完猫的毛做刷子之后，就很快有了真正的刷子，故选D。
23.B 【解析】细节理解题。根据最后一段＂Mr. Penningtn gave Benjamin materials fr creating il paintings＂可知Penningtn为了帮助Benjamin培养绘画天赋，给他提供了一些绘画材料，故选B。
24.D 【解析】细节理解题。根据最后一段＂While it is likely that he understd very little f the bks, they were his intrductin t classical paintings. The nine-year-ld by decided then that he wuld be an artist＂可知：这两本书帮助Benjamin坚定了自己成为一名画家的决心，故选D。
Passage 5
【2017年浙江卷】FLORENCE, Italy — Svetlana Cjchru feels hurt. The Mldvan has lived here seven years as a caregiver t Italian kids and the elderly, but in rder t stay she’s had t prve her language skills by taking a test which requires her t write a pstcard t an imaginary friend and answer a fictinal jb ad.
Italy is the latest Western Eurpean cuntry trying t cntrl a grwing immigrant(移民)ppulatin by demanding language skills in exchange fr wrk permits, r in sme cases, citizenship.
Sme immigrant advcates wrry that as hard financial times make it mre difficult fr natives t keep jbs, such measures will becme mre a vehicle fr intlerance than integratin(融合).Others say it’s nly natural that newcmers learn the language f their hst natin, seeing it as a cnditin t ensure they can cntribute t sciety.
Other Eurpean cuntries laid dwn a similar requirement fr immigrants, and sme terms are even tugher. The gvernments argue that this will help freigners better jin the sciety and prmte understanding acrss cultures.
Italy, which has a much weaker traditin f immigratin, has witnessed a sharp increase in immigratin in recent years. In 1990, immigrants numbered sme 1.14 millin ut f Italy’s then 56.7 millin peple, r abut 2 percent. At the start f this year, freigners living in Italy amunted t 4.56 millin f a ttal ppulatin f 60.6 millin, r 7.5 percent, with immigrants’ children accunting fr an ever larger percentage f births in Italy.
Cjchru, the Mldvan caregiver, hped btaining permanent residence (居住权) wuld help her bring her tw children t Italy; they live with her sister in Mldva, where salaries are amng the lwest in Eurpe. She was skeptical that the language requirement wuld encurage integratin.
Italians always "see me as a freigner," an utsider, even thugh she’s stayed in the cuntry fr years and can speak the lcal language fluently, she said.
28.Why des Cjchru have t take a language test?
A. T cntinue t stay in Italy.B. T teach her children Italian.
C. T find a better jb in Italy.D. T better mix with the Italians.
29.Sme peple wrry that the new language requirement may .
A. reduce Italy’s ppulatin quicklyB. cause cnflicts amng peple
C. lead t financial difficultiesD. put pressure n schls
30.What d we knw abut Cjchru?
A. She lives with her sister nw in Italy.
B. She enjys learning the Italian language.
C. She speaks Italian well enugh fr her jb.
D. She wishes t g back t her hme cuntry.
【解析】
试题分析：本文属于夹叙夹议文，首先叙述了一个叫Svetlana Cjchru的摩尔多瓦人移民到意大利，但为了能够继续留在意大利，她必须进行语言测试；接着向我们阐述对外来人进行语言测试的原因以及对此的不同声音，然后介绍了意大利的移民史，最后告诉我们Cjchru的居住现状：工资水平很低，而且虽然在意大利生活多年，但意大利本地居民仍会把她当作外国人来看。
28. A 【解析】细节理解题。根据第一段中的＂but in rder t stay she’s had t prve her language skills by taking a test…＂可知，Cjchru是为了能够继续留在意大利才要参加语言考试的，故选A。
29. B 【解析】推理判断题。根据第三段中的＂such measures will becme mre a vehicle fr intlerance than integratin＂可知一些人担心对语言水平的要求可能会引起人与人之间的不包容，即冲突，故选B。
30. C 【解析】细节理解题。根据最后一段中的＂even thugh she’s stayed in the cuntry fr years and can speak the lcal language fluently＂可知Cjchru的意大利语已经说的得很流利了，故选C。
Passage 6
【2017年北京卷】 It was a cld March day in High Pint, Nrth Carlina. The girls n the Wesleyan Academy sftball team were waiting fr their next turns at bat during practice, stamping their feet t stay warm. Eighth-grader Taylr Bisbee shivered(发抖) a little as she watched her teammate Paris White play. The tw didn’t knw each ther well — Taylr had just mved t twn a mnth r s befre.
Suddenly, Paris fell t the grund,＂Paris’s eyes rlled back,＂ Taylr says. ＂She started shaking. I knew it was an emergency.＂
It certainly was, Paris had suffered a sudden heart failure. Withut immediate medical care, Paris wuld die. At first, n ne mved. The girls were in shck. Then the sftball cach shuted ut, ＂Des anyne knw CPR?＂
CPR is a life-saving technique. T d CPR, yu press n the sick persn’s chest s that bld mves thrugh the bdy and takes xygen t rgans. Withut xygen, the brain is damaged quickly.
Amazingly, Taylr had just taken a CPR curse the day befre. Still, she hesitated. She didn’t think she knew it well enugh. But when n ne else came frward, Taylr ran t Paris and began ding CPR. ＂It was scary. I knew it was the difference between life and death,＂ says Taylr.
Taylr’s swift actin helped her teammates calm dwn. One girl called 911. Tw mre ran t get the schl nurse, wh brught a defibrillatr, an electrnic device(器械) that can shck the heart back int wrk. Luck stayed with them: Paris’s heartbeat returned.
＂I knw I was really lucky,＂ Paris says nw. ＂Mst peple dn’t survive this. My team saved my life.＂
Experts say Paris is right: Fr a sudden heart failure, the single best chance fr survival is having smene nearby step in and d CPR quickly.
Tday, Paris is back n the sftball team. Taylr will apply t cllege sn. She wants t be a nurse. ＂I feel mre cnfident in my actins nw,＂ Taylr says. ＂I knw I can act under pressure in a scary situatin.＂
56. What happened t Paris n a March day?
A. She caught a bad cld.
B. She had a sudden heart prblem.
C. She was kncked dwn by a ball.
D. She shivered terribly during practice.
57. Why des Paris say she was lucky?
A. She made a wrthy friend.
B. She recvered frm shck.
C. She received immediate CPR.
D. She came back n the sftball team.
58. Which f the fllwing wrds can best describe Taylr?
A. Enthusiastic and kind.
B. Curageus and calm.
C. Cperative and generus.
D. Ambitius and prfessinal.
【文章大意】试题分析：讲述Taylr Bisbee通过及时的CPR挽救了一位学生的生命。
56.C 【解析】细节理解题。根据文章第三段It certainly was, Paris had suffered a sudden heart failure.可知Paris是突然的心力衰竭，肯定是心脏问题，故答案为B。
57.C 【解析】推理判断题。根据倒数第三段＂Mst peple dn’t survive this. My team saved my life.＂可知大多数人都没有从这样的疾病中活过来，她的队友们给她进行及时的心脏复苏，以及一系列的救治，把她救了回来，因此她觉得自己很幸运，故选C。
58.B 【解析】推理判断题。Taylr根据自己所学的CPR知识及时挽救了 Paris的生命，虽然犹豫了，但是很快地进行CPR抢救，说明她很勇敢，很镇静，不慌不忙，不像其他孩子那样陷入惊慌之中，故选B。
Passage 7
【2017年天津卷】Fifteen years ag, I tk a summer vacatin in Lecce in suthern Italy. After climbing up a hill fr a panramic(全景的) view f the blue sea, white buildings and green live trees, I paused t catch my breath and then psitined myself t take the best pht f this panrama.
Unfrtunately, just as I tk ut my camera, a wman apprached frm behind, and planted herself right in frnt f my view. Like me, this wman was here t stp, sigh and appreciate the view.
Patient as I was, after abut 15 minutes, my camera scanning the sun and reviewing the sht I wuld eventually take, I grew frustrated. Was it t much t ask her t mve s I culd take just ne picture f the landscape? Sure, I culd have asked her, but smething prevented me frm ding s. She seemed s cntent in her bservatin. I didn’t want t mess with that.
Anther 15 minutes passed and I grew bred. The wman was still there. I decided t take the pht anyway. And nw when I lk at it, I think her presence in the pht is what makes the image interesting. The landscape, beautiful n its wn, smehw cmes t life and breathes because this wman is engaging with it.
This pht, with the unique beauty that unflded befre me and that wman wh “ruined” it, nw hangs n a wall in my bedrm. What wuld she think if she knew that her figure is captured(捕捉) and frzen n sme stranger’s bedrm wall? A bedrm, after all, is a very private space, in which sme wman I dn’t even knw has been immrtalized(使……永存). In sme ways, she lives in my huse.
Perhaps we all live in each thers’ spaces. Perhaps this is what phts are fr: t remind us that we all appreciate beauty, that we all share a cmmn desire fr pleasure, fr cnnectin, fr smething that is greater than us.
That pht is a reminder, a captured mment, an unspken cnversatin between tw wmen, separated nly by a thin square f glass.
41. What happened when the authr was abut t take a pht?
A. Her camera stpped wrking.
B. A wman blcked her view.
C. Smene asked her t leave.
D. A friend apprached frm behind.
42. Accrding t the authr, the wman was prbably___________.
A. enjying herself
B. lsing her patience
C. waiting fr the sunset
D. thinking abut her past
43. In the authr’s pinin, what makes the pht s alive?
A. The rich clr f the landscape.
B. The perfect psitining f the camera.
C. The wman’s existence in the pht.
D. The sft sunlight that summer day.
44. The pht n the bedrm wall enables the authr t better understand ____________.
A. the need t be clse t nature
B. the imprtance f private space
C. the jy f the vacatin in Italy
D. the shared passin fr beauty
45. The passage can be seen as the authr’s reflectins upn _____________.
A. a particular life experienceB. the pleasure f traveling
C. the art f phtgraphyD. a lst friendship
【语篇解读】这是一篇记叙文。本文讲述了作者一次旅行的特殊经历带给作者的深思和感悟。
41.B 【解析】考查推理判断。根据第二段第一句Unfrtunately, just as I tk ut my camera, a wman apprached frm behind, and planted herself right in frnt f my view可知选B。
42.A 【解析】考查细节理解。根据第三段的句子She seemed s cntent in her bservatin.可知选A。
43.C 【解析】考查细节理解。根据第四段的句子And nw when I lk at it, I think her presence in the pht is what makes the image interesting. The landscape, beautiful n its wn, smehw cmes t life and breathes because this wman is engaging with it.可知选C。
44.D 【解析】考查推理判断。根据第五段的句子This pht, with the unique beauty that unflded befre me and that wman wh “ruined” it, nw hangs n a wall in my bedrm.可知选D。
45.A 【解析】考查推理判断。最后两段内容是作者对这次特殊经历的感悟，所以这篇文章可以看做是作者对一次特殊经历的深入思考。故选A。
2016年记叙文
Passage1
【2016年新课标Ⅰ卷】I am Peter Hdes, a vlunteer stem cell curier. Since March 2012, I’ve dne 89 trips—f thse , 51 have been abrad. I have 42 hurs t carry stem cells（干细胞）in my little bx because I’ve gt tw ice packs and that’s hw lng they last. In all, frm the time the stem cells are harvested frm a dnr(捐献者) t the time they can be implanted in the patient, we’ve gt 72 hurs at mst. S I am always cnscius f time.
I had ne trip last year where I was caught by a hurricane in America. I picked up the stem cells in Prvidence, Rhde Island, and was meant t fly t Washingtn then back t Lndn. But when I arrived at the check-in desk at Prvidence, the lady n the desk said:＂Well, I’m really srry, I’ve gt sme bad news fr yu—there are n flights frm Washingtn.＂ S I tk my bx and put it n the desk and I said:＂In this bx are sme stem cells that are urgently needed fr a patient-please, please, yu’ve gt t get me back t the United Kingdm.＂ She just drpped everything. She arranged fr a flight n a small plane t be held fr me，re-ruted(改道)me thrugh Newark and gt me back t the UK even earlier than riginally scheduled.
Fr this curier jb, yu’re cnsciusly aware that in that bx yu’re gt smething that is ptentially ging t save smebdy’s life.
29. Which f the fllwing can replace the underlined wrd ＂curier＂ in Paragraph1?
A. prviderB. delivery man C. cllectr D. medical dctr
30. Why des Peter have t cmplete his trip within 42hurs?
A. He cannt stay away frm his jb t lng.
B. The dnr can nly wait fr that lng.
C. The peratin needs that much time.
D. The ice wn’t last any lnger.
31. Which flight did the wman put Peter n first?
A. T Lndn.B. T New Yrk. C. T Prvidence. D. T Washingtn.
【答案】
29.B30. D31.B
【解析】
试题分析：本文是一篇记叙文，主要介绍了作者在一次运送造血干细胞途中的一段经历，表现了人们之间的友爱。
29. B词义猜测题。根据本段内容 I’ve dne 89 trips和I have 42 hurs t carry stem cells in my little bx以及第二段内容可知作者是运送干细胞的人，也就是delivery man。故选B 。
30. D细节理解题。根据第一段第二句I have 42 hurs t carry stem cells in my little bx because I’ve gt tw ice packs and that’s hw lng they last.可知冰盒只能保持42小时适宜的温度。故选D 。
31. B细节理解题。根据第二段末句 She arranged fr a flight n a small plane t be held fr me, re-ruted me thrugh New Yrk可知，这位好心的女士首先安排作者去Newark的航班。故选 B。
考点：故事类短文阅读
Passage 2
【2016年新课标Ⅱ卷】Five years ag, when I taught art at a schl in Seattle, I used Tinkertys as a test at the beginning f a term t find ut smething abut my students. I put a small set f Tinkertys in frnt f each student, and said: "Make smething ut f the Tinkertys. Yu have 45 minutes tday — and 45 minutes each day fr the rest f the week."
A few students hesitated t start. They waited t see what the rest f the class wuld d. Several thers checked the instructins and made smething accrding t ne f the mdel plans prvided. Anther grup built smething ut f their wn imaginatins.
Once I had a by wh wrked experimentally with Tinkertys in his free time. His cnstructins filled a shelf in the art classrm and a gd part f his bedrm at hme. I was delighted at the presence f such a student. Here was an exceptinally creative mind at wrk. His presence meant that I had an unexpected teaching assistant in class whse creativity wuld infect(感染)ther students.
Encuraging this kind f thinking has a dwnside. I ran the risk f lsing thse students wh had a different style f thinking. Withut fail ne wuld declare, "But I’m just nt creative."
"D yu dream at night when yu’re asleep?"
"Oh, sure."
"S tell me ne f yur mst interesting dreams." The student wuld tell smething wildly imaginative. Flying in the sky r in a time machine r grwing three heads. "That’s pretty creative. Wh des that fr yu?"
"Nbdy. I d it."
"Really — at night, when yu’re asleep?"
"Sure."
"Try ding it in the daytime, in class, kay?"
5. The teacher used Tinkertys in class in rder t .
A. knw mre abut the studentsB. make the lessns mre exciting
C. raise the students’ interest in artD. teach the students abut ty design
6. What d we knw abut the by mentined in Paragraph 3?
A. He liked t help his teacher.B. He preferred t study alne.
C. He was active in class.D. He was imaginative.
7. What des the underlined wrd "dwnside" in Paragraph 4 prbably mean?
A. Mistake.B. Drawback.
C. Difficulty.D. Burden.
8. Why did the teacher ask the students t talk abut their dreams?
A. T help them t see their creativity.
B. T find ut abut their sleeping habits.
C. T help them t imprve their memry.
D. T find ut abut their ways f thinking.
【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者五年前在西雅图教学生们美术时在教学中所发生的事情,以及培养学生们的想象力的方法。
5. A【解析】考查细节理解。根据文章第一段的"t find ut smething abut my students"可知,作者使用Tinkertys是为了弄清楚有关学生们的一些事情。故选A项。
6. D【解析】考查推理判断。根据第三段中的"Here was an exceptinally creative mind at wrk"可知,这个男孩儿非常具有创造性,故选D项。
7. B【解析】考查词义猜测。根据下文的"I ran the risk f lsing thse students wh had a different style f thinking"可知,作者冒着失去那些有不同思维风格的学生的风险。故可知该词的意思为"不足,缺点",所以选B项。
8. A【解析】考查推理判断。根据第四段中的"Withut fail ne wuld declare, ‘But I’m just nt creative.’"及下文内容可推知,作者问学生们他们是否做梦了是为了让他们看到自己的创造力。故选A项。
Passage 3
【2016年新课标Ⅱ卷】A new cllectin f phts brings an unsuccessful Antarctic vyage back t life.
Frank Hurley’s pictures wuld be utstanding — undubtedly first-rate pht-jurnalism — if they had been made last week. In fact, they were sht frm 1914 thrugh 1916, mst f them after a disastrus shipwreck(海难), by a cameraman wh had n reasnable expectatin f survival. Many f the images were stred in an ice chest, under freezing water, in the damaged wden ship.
The ship was the Endurance, a small, tight, Nrwegian-built three-master that was intended t take Sir Ernest Shackletn and a small crew f seamen and scientists, 27 men in all, t the suthernmst shre f Antarctica’s Weddell Sea. Frm that pint Shackletn wanted t frce a passage by dg sled (雪橇) acrss the cntinent. The jurney was intended t achieve mre than what Captain Rbert Falcn Sctt had dne. Captain Sctt had reached the Suth Ple early in 1912 but had died with his fur cmpanins n the march back.
As writer Carline Alexander makes clear in her frceful and well-researched stry TheEndurance, adventuring was even then a thrughly cmmercial effrt. Sctt’s last jurney, cmpleted as he lay in a tent dying f cld and hunger, caught the wrld’s imaginatin, and a film made in his hnr drew crwds. Shackletn, a netime British merchant-navy fficer wh had gt t within 100 miles f the Suth Ple in 1908, started a business befre his 1914 vyage t make mney frm mvie and still phtgraphy. Frank Hurley, a cnfident and gifted Australian phtgrapher wh knew the Antarctic, was hired t make the images, mst f which have never befre been published.
13. What d we knw abut the phts taken by Hurley?
A. They were made last week.B. They shwed undersea sceneries.
C. They were fund by a cameraman.D. They recrded a disastrus adventure.
14. Wh reached the Suth Ple first accrding t the text?
A. Frank Hurley.B. Ernest Shackletn.
C. Rbert Falcn Sctt.D. Carline Alexander.
15. What des Alexander think was the purpse f the 1914 vyage?
A. Artistic creatin.B. Scientific research.
C. Mney making.D. Treasure hunting.
【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。一本新的影集把一次不成功的南极洲的旅行带回到现实生活中,由此引出了历史上去南极洲探险的事迹。
13. D【解析】考查细节理解。根据第二段中的"In fact, they were sht frm 1914 thrugh 1916, mst f them after a disastrus shipwreck(海难)"可知,这些照片记录了一次灾难性的冒险,故选D项。
14. C【解析】考查细节理解。根据第三段中的"Frm that pint Shackletn wanted t frce a passage by dg sled(雪橇) acrss the cntinent. The jurney was intended t achieve mre than what Captain Rbert Falcn Sctt had 1912"可知Captain Rbert Falcn Sctt是第一个到达南极的人。故选C项。
15. C【解析】考查细节理解。根据最后一段中的"adventuring was even then a thrughly cmmercial effrt"和"started a business befre his 1914 vyage t make mney frm mvie and still phtgraphy"可知,Alexander认为1914年旅行的目的是赚钱。故选C项。
Passage 4
【2016年新课标Ⅲ卷】 On ne f her trips t New Yrk several years ag, Eudra Welty decided t take a cuple f New Yrk friends ut t dinner. They settled in at a cmfrtable East Side cafe and within minutes, anther custmer was appraching their table.
＂Hey, aren’t yu frm Mississippi?＂the elegant, white-haired writer remembered being asked by the stranger. ＂I’m frm Mississippi t.＂
Withut a secnd thught, the wman jined the Welty party. When her dinner partner shwed up, she als pulled up a chair.
＂They began telling me all the news f Mississippi,＂ Welty said. ＂I didn’t knw what my New Yrk friends were thinking.＂
Taxis n a rainy New Yrk night are rarer than sunshine. By the time the grup gt up t leave, it was puring utside. Welty’s new friends immediately sent a waiter t find a cab. Heading back dwntwn tward her htel, her big-city friends were amazed at the turn f events that had changed their Big Apple dinner int a Mississippi state reunin(团聚).
＂My friend said: ‘Nw we believe yur stries,’＂ Welty added. ＂And I said: ‘Nw yu knw. These are the peple that make me write them.’＂
Sitting n a sfa in her rm, Welty, a slim figure in a simple gray dress, lked pleased with this explanatin.
＂I dn’t make them up,＂ she said f the characters in her fictin these last 50 r s years.＂I dn’t have t.＂
Beauticians, bartenders, pian players and peple with purple hats, Welty’s peple cme frm afternns spent visiting with ld friends, frm walks thrugh the streets f her native Jacksn, Miss., frm cnversatins verheard n a bus. It annys Welty that, at 78, her left ear has nw given ut. Smetimes, sitting n a bus r a train, she hears nly a fragment(片段) f a particularly interesting stry.
25. What happened when Welty was with her friends at the cafe?
A. Tw strangers jined her.
B. Her childhd friends came in.
C. A heavy rain ruined the dinner.
D. Sme peple held a party there.
26. The underlined wrd ＂them＂ in Paragraph 6 refers t Welty’s _____________.
A. readers B. parties C. friends D. stries
27. What can we learn abut the characters in Welty’s fictin?
A. They live in big cities. B. They are mstly wmen.
C. They cme frm real life. D. They are pleasure seekers.
【答案】25. A26. D27. C
【解析】试题分析：本文介绍了美国著名女作家Eudra在纽约通过晚餐结交了新朋友，他们成为了她的写作素材。
25. A 细节理解题。第三段中的＂the wman＂指的是第二段中的那个陌生人，根据第三段中的＂When her dinner partner shwed up, she als pulled up a chair＂可知，陌生女子的晚餐伙伴也加入了她们的行列中，故有两个陌生人加入到了Welty和朋友的晚餐中。
26. D 代词指代题。画线词所在句＂These are the peple that make me write them＂的主语These指的就是像那两位陌生人那样的人，换言之，这些新朋友就成了Welty笔下的写作素材，这些人就是让她写小说的人，故them指的是＂小说＂。
27. C 推理判断题。根据＂I dn’t make them up＂和＂Welty’s peple cme frm afternns spent visiting with ld friends, frm walks thrugh the streets f her native Jacksn, Miss., frm cnversatins verheard n a bus.＂可知，Welty小说里的人物并非虚构的，他们都来源于现实的生活，故选C。
Passage 5
【2016年浙江卷】Tw things changed my life: my mther and a white plastic bike basket. I have thught lng and hard abut it and it’s true. I wuld be a different persn if my mm hadn’t turned a silly bicycle accessry int a life lessn I carry with me tday.
My mther and father were united in their way f raising children, but it mstly fell t my mther t actually carry it ut. Lking back, I hnestly dn’t knw hw she did it. Managing the family budget must have been a very hard task, but she made it lk effrtless. If we cmplained abut nt having what anther kid did, we’d hear smething like, "I dn’t care what s-and-s gt fr his birthday, yu are nt getting a TV in yur rm/a car fr yur birthday/a lavish sweet-16 party." We had t earn ur allwance(零用钱) by ding chres arund the huse. I can still remember hw lng it tk t plish the legs f ur cffee table. My brthers can n dubt remember hurs spent cleaning the huse. Like the tw little girls grwing up at the White Huse, we made ur wn beds (n ne left the huse until that was dne) and picked up after urselves. We had t keep track f ur belngings, and if smething was lst, it was nt replaced.
It was summer and, ne day, my mther drve me t the bike shp t get a tire fixed — and there it was in the windw. White, shiny, plastic and decrated with flwers, the basket winked at me and I knew — I knew — I had t have it.
"It’s beautiful," my mther said when I pinted it ut t her. "What a neat basket."
I tried t hld ff at first. I played it cl fr a shrt while. But then I guess I culdn’t stand it any lnger: "Mm, please can I please, please get it? I’ll d extra chres fr as lng as yu say. I’ll d anything, but I need that basket. I lve that basket. Please, Mm. Please?"
I was desperate.
"Yu knw," she said, gently rubbing my back while we bth stared at what I believed was the clest thing ever, "If yu save up yu culd buy this yurself."
"By the time I make enugh it’ll be gne!"
"Maybe Rger here culd hld it fr yu," she smiled at Rger, the bike guy.
"He can’t hld it fr that lng, Mm. Smene else will buy it. Please, Mm, please?"
"There might be anther way," she said.
And s ur paying plan unflded. My mther bught the beautiful basket and put it safely in sme hiding place I culdn’t find. Each week I eagerly cunted my grwing savings increased by extra wrk here and there (washing the car, helping my mther make dinner, delivering r cllecting things n my bike that already lked naked withut the basket in frnt). And then, weeks later, I cunted, re-cunted and jumped fr jy. Oh, happy day! I made it! I finally had the exact amunt we’d agreed
Days later the unthinkable happened. A neighbrhd girl I’d played with millins f times appeared with the exact same basket fixed t her shiny, new bike that already had all the bells and whistles. I rde hard and fast hme t tell my mther abut this disaster. This hrrible turn f events.
And then came the lessn I’ve taken with me thrugh my life:"Hney, yur basket is extra-special," Mm said, gently wiping away my ht tears. "Yur basket is special because yu paid fr it yurself."
55.What can we learn frm the first tw paragraphs?
A. The children enjyed ding husewrk.
B. The authr came frm a well-ff family.
C. The mther raised her children in an unusual way.
D. The children were fnd f the US president’s daughters.
56.When the authr saw the basket in the windw, she ________.
A. fell in lve with itB. stared at her mther
C. recgnized it at nceD. went up t the bike guy
57.Why did the authr say many "pleases" t her mther?
A. She lnged t d extra wrk.
B. She was eager t have the basket.
C. She felt tired after standing t lng.
D. She wanted t be plite t her mther.
58.By using "naked" (Paragraph 12), the authr seems t stress that the basket was ________.
A. smething she culd affrdB. smething imprtant t her
C. smething impssible t getD. smething she culd d withut
59.T the authr, it seemed t be a hrrible turn f events that ________.
A. smething spiled her paying plan
B. the basket cst mre than she had saved
C. a neighbrhd girl had bught a new bike
D. smene else had gt a basket f the same kind
60.What is the life lessn the authr learned frm her mther?
A. Save mney fr a rainy day.B. Gd advice is beynd all price.
C. Earn yur bread with yur sweat.D. Gd helps thse wh help themselves.
【语篇解读】本文为一篇记叙文。作者回忆自己母亲对孩子不寻常的教育方法。通过一个自行车篮子的事情，母亲教会作者什么事情都要自力更生，通过自己努力得到的东西才是最珍贵的。
55. 【答案】C
【解析】 根据第二段的 “We had t earn ur allwance by ding chres arund the huse…we made ur wn beds (n ne left the huse until that was dne) and picked up after urselves. We had t keep track f belngs, and if smething was lst, it was nt replaced.” 可知，作者的母亲用不寻常的方法教育孩子。故选C。
考点：考查推理判断
56. 【答案】A
【解析】根据第三段的 “and there it was in the windw. White, shiny, plastic and decrated with flwers, the basket winked at me and I knew—I knew—I had t have it.” 可知，当作者在橱窗里面看见这个篮子时就喜欢上了它。故选A。
考点：考查细节理解
57. 【答案】B
【解析】根据第五段的 “I tried t hld ff at first, I played it cl fr a shrt while. But then I guess I culdn’t stand it any lnger” 可知，作者说了很多“pleases”，是因为她渴望拥有这个篮子。故选B。
考点：考查推理判断
58. 【答案】B
【解析】根据第十二段的 “washing the car, helping my mther make dinner, delivering r cllecting things n my bike that already lked naked withut the basket in frnt” 可知作者觉得没有这个篮子，自行车看起来光秃秃的，使用“naked”这个词，说明这个篮子对她而言是重要的东西。故选B。
考点：考查推理判断
59. 【答案】D
【解析】根据第十三段的 “A neighbrhd girl I’d played with millins f times appeared with the exact same basket fixed t her shiny, new bike that already had all the bells and whistles.” 可知作者认为其他人有和她相同的篮子是一个灾难。故选D。
考点：考查推理判断
60. 【答案】C
【解析】根据文章内容可知，作者的妈妈教育作者要通过自己的努力获得想要的东西，也就是Earn yur bread with yur sweat。故选C。
Passage 6
【2016年北京卷】Surviving Hurricane Sandy(飓风桑迪)
Natalie Dan, 14, has always felt lucky t live in Rckaway, New Yrk. Living just a few blcks frm the beach, Natalie can see the cean and hear the waves frm her huse. ＂It’s the cean that makes Rckaway s special,＂ she says.
On Octber 29, 2012, that cean turned fierce. That night, Hurricane Sandy attacked the East Cast, and Rckaway was hit especially hard. Frtunately, Natalie’s family escaped t Brklyn shrtly befre the city’s bridge clsed.
When they returned t Rckaway the next day, they fund their neighbrhd in ruins. Many f Natalie’s friends had lst their hmes and were living far away. All arund her, peple were suffering, especially the elderly. Natalie’s schl was s damaged that she had t temprarily attend a schl in Brklyn.
In the fllwing few days, the men and wmen helping Rckaway recver inspired Natalie. Vlunteers came with carlads f dnated clthing and tys. Neighbrs devted their spare time t helping thers rebuild. Teenagers climbed dzens f flights f stairs t deliver water and fd t elderly peple trapped in pwerless high-rise buildings.
＂My mm tells me that I can’t cntrl what happens t me,＂ Natalie says, ＂but I can always chse hw I deal with it.＂
Natalie’s chice was t help.
She created a website page, matching survivrs in need with dnrs wh wanted t help. Natalie psted infrmatin abut a by named Patrick, wh lst his baseball card cllectin when his huse burned dwn. Within days, Patrick’s cllectin was replaced.
In the cming mnths, her website page helped lts f kids: Christpher, wh received a new basketball; Charlie, wh gt a new keybard. Natalie als wrked with ther rganizatins t bring much-needed supplies t Rckaway. Her effrts made her a famus persn. Last April, she was invited t the White Huse and hnred as a Hurricane Sandy Champin f Change.
Tday, the scars(创痕) f destructin are still seen in Rckaway, but hpe is in the air. The streets are clear, and many hmes have been rebuilt. ＂I can’t imagine living anywhere but Rckaway,＂ Natalie declares. ＂My neighbrhd will be back, even strnger than befre.＂
59. When Natalie returned t Rckaway after the hurricane, she fund _________.
A. sme friends had lst their lives
B. her neighbrhd was destryed
C. her schl had mved t Brklyn
D. the elderly were free frm suffering
60. Accrding t Paragraph 4, wh inspired Natalie mst?
A. The peple helping Rckaway rebuild.
B. The peple trapped in high-rise buildings.
C. The vlunteers dnating mney t survivrs.
D. Lcal teenagers bringing clthing t elderly peple.
61. Hw did Natalie help the survivrs?
A. She gave her tys t ther kids.
B. She tk care f yunger children.
C. She called n the White Huse t help.
D. She built an infrmatin sharing platfrm.
62. What des the stry intend t tell us?
A. Little peple can make a big difference.
B. A friend in need is a friend indeed.
C. East r west, hme is best.
D. Technlgy is pwer.
【答案】59. B 60. A 61. D 62. A
【解析】试题分析：Natalie是一个14岁的孩子，她生活的地方遭到了飓风桑迪的袭击，受灾严重。看到人们在帮助家乡重建，Natalie也加入了进去，Natalie创建网站来分享求助信息，帮助捐赠者找到需要帮助的人。Natalie的行为得到了社会的认可，她受到了表扬。
59. B细节理解题。根据第三段＂Many f Natalie’s friends had lst their hmes and were living far away.＂排除A；根据第三段＂Natalie’s schl was s damaged that she had t temprarily attend a schl in Brklyn＂可知，学校没有搬走，而是Natalie暂时去Brklyn上学，排除C；根据＂peple were suffering, especially the elderly＂排除D；根据＂When they returned t Rckaway the next day, they fund their neighbrhd in ruins.＂可知，他们的街区被飓风毁了，故选B。
60. A推理判断题。根据第四段＂In the fllwing few days, the men and wmen helping Rckaway recver inspired Natalie.＂可知，那些帮助Rckaway恢复重建的人使Natalie最受鼓舞，故选A。
61. D细节理解题。根据倒数第三段＂She created a website page matching survivrs in need with dnrs wh wanted t help.＂可知，Natalie创建了一个网站来分享和匹配求助信息和捐赠信息，故选D。
62. A写作意图题。根据倒数第二段＂Her effrts made her a famus persn. Last April, she was invited t the White Huse and hnred as a Hurricane Sandy Champin f Change.＂可知，Natalie的助人行为得到了社会的认可，她受到了表扬，这说明小人物也可以有大作为，故选A。
考点：人物故事类短文阅读。
Passage 7
【2016年江苏卷】Nt s lng ag, mst peple didn’t knw wh Shelly-Ann Fraser-Pryce was ging t becme. She was just an average high athlete. There was every indicatin that she was just anther Jamaican teenager withut much f a future. Hwever, ne persn wanted t change this. Stephen Francis bserved then eighteen-year-ld Shelly-Ann at a track meet and was cnvinced that he had seen the beginnings f true greatness. Her times were nt exactly impressive, but even s, he sensed there was smething trying t get ut, smething the ther caches had verlked when they had assessed her and fund her lacking. He decided t ffer Shelly-Ann a place in his very strict training sessins. Their cperatin quickly prduced results, and a few years later at Jamaica’s Olympic trials in early 2008, Shelly-Ann, wh at that time nly ranked number 70 in the wrld, beat Jamaica’s unchallenged queen f the sprint (短跑).
"Where did she cme frm?" asked an astnished sprinting wrld, befre cncluding that she must be ne f thse ne-hit wnders that spring up frm time t time, nly t disappear again withut signs. But Shelly-Ann was t prve that she was anything but a ne-hit wnder. At the Beijing Olympics she swept away any dubts abut her ability t perfrm cnsistently by becming the first Jamaican wman ever t win the 100 metres Olympic gld. She did it again ne year n at the Wrld Champinships in Berlin, becming wrld champin with a time f 10.73 — the furth fastest time ever.
Shelly-Ann is a little wman with a big smile. She has a mental tughness that did nt cme abut by chance. Her jurney t becming the fastest wman n earth has been anything but smth and effrtless. She grew up in ne f Jamaica’s tughest inner-city cmmunities knwn as Waterhuse, where she lived in a ne-rm apartment, sleeping fur in a bed with her mther and tw brthers. Waterhuse, ne f the prest cmmunities in Jamaica, is a really vilent and verppulated place. Several f Shelly-Ann’s friends and family were caught up in the killings; ne f her cusins was sht dead nly a few streets away frm where she lived. Smetimes her family didn’t have enugh t eat. She ran at the schl champinships barefted because she culdn’t affrd shes. Her mther Maxime, ne f a family f furteen, had been an athlete herself as a yung girl but, like s many ther girls in Waterhuse, had t stp after she had her first baby. Maxime’s early entry int the adult wrld with its respnsibilities gave her the determinatin t ensure that her kids wuld nt end up in Waterhuse’s rundabut f pverty. One f the first things Maxime used t d with Shelly-Ann was taking her t the track, and she was ready t sacrifice everything.
It didn’t take lng fr Shelly-Ann t realize that sprts culd be her way ut f Waterhuse. On a summer evening in Beijing in 2008, all thse lng, hard hurs f wrk and cmmitment finally bre fruit. The bareft kid wh just a few years previusly had been living in pverty, surrunded by criminals and vilence, had written a new chapter in the histry f sprts.
But Shelly-Ann’s victry was far greater than that. The night she wn Olympic gld in Beijing, the rutine murders in Waterhuse and the drug wars in the neighburing streets stpped. The dark clud abve ne f the wrld’s tughest criminal neighburhds simply disappeared fr a few days. "I have s much fire burning fr my cuntry," Shelly said. She plans t start a fundatin fr hmeless children and wants t build a cmmunity centre in Waterhuse. She hpes t inspire the Jamaicans t lay dwn their weapns. She intends t fight t make it a wman’s as well as a man’s wrld.
As Muhammad Ali puts it, "Champins aren’t made in gyms. Champins are made frm smething they have deep inside them. A desire, a dream, a visin." One f the things Shelly-Ann can be prud f is her understanding f this truth.
65.Why did Stephen Francis decide t cach Shelly-Ann?
A. He had a strng desire t free her family frm truble.
B. He sensed a great ptential in her despite her weaknesses.
C. She had big prblems maintaining her perfrmance.
D. She suffered a lt f defeats at the previus track meets.
66.What did the sprinting wrld think f Shelly-Ann befre the 2008 Olympic Games?
A. She wuld becme a prmising star.
B. She badly needed t set higher gals.
C. Her sprinting career wuld nt last lng.
D. Her talent fr sprinting was knwn t all.
67.What made Maxime decide t train her daughter n the track?
A. Her success and lessns in her career.
B. Her interest in Shelly-Ann’s quick prfit.
C. Her wish t get Shelly-Ann ut f pverty.
D. Her early entrance int the sprinting wrld.
68.What can we infer frm Shelly-Ann’s statement underlined in Paragraph 5?
A. She was highly rewarded fr her effrts.
B. She was eager t d mre fr her cuntry.
C. She became an athletic star in her cuntry.
D. She was the envy f the whle cmmunity.
69.By mentining Muhammad Ali’s wrds, the authr intends t tell us that ________.
A. players shuld be highly inspired by caches
B. great athletes need t cncentrate n patience
C. hard wrk is necessary in ne’s achievements
D. mtivatin allws great athletes t be n the tp
70.What is the best title fr the passage?
A. The Making f a Great AthleteB. The Dream fr Champinship
C. The Key t High PerfrmanceD. The Pwer f Full Respnsibility
【答案】65. B 66. C 67. C 68.B 69.D 70. A
【解析】试题分析：本文是一篇励志短文，牙买加著名女飞人Shelly-Ann从不被人看好到成为奥运冠军，再到最后成为世界上跑的最快的女性，并想用自己的影响力改变能够吞噬了很多人梦想的贫民窟。
65.B 推理判断题。根据第一段五、六句＂Stephen Francis bserved then eighteen-year-ld Shelly Ann as a track meet and was cnvinced that he had seen the beginning f true greatness. Her time were nt exactly impressive, but even s, he seemed there was smething trying t get ut, smething the ther caches had verlked when they had assessed her and fund her lacking.＂可知Stephen Francis 从她的身上看到了其他教练忽视的潜力。故B项正确。
66.C 推理判断题。根据第二段第一句＂Where did she cme frm?＂ asked an astnished sprinting wrld, befre cncluding that she must be ne f thse ne-hit wnders that spring up frm time t time, nly t disappear again withut signs.可知当Shelly-Ann在2008年奥运会上获得冠军以后，很多人都质疑她是一个流星而已，认为她的成功不会延续很长时间。故C项正确。
67.C 推理判断题。根据第三段最后两句Maxime’s early entry int the adult wrld with its respnsibilities gave her the determinatin t ensure that her kids wuld nt end up in Waterhuse’s rundabut f pverty. One f the first things Maxime used t d with Shelly-Ann was taking her t the track, and she was ready t sacrifice everything.可知Shelly-Ann的母亲Maxime很早进入要承担很多责任的成人世界，她决定要让女儿Shelly-Ann离开混乱的Waterhuse，唯一的方法就是让女儿练习田径。故C项正确。
68.B 推理判断题。根据第五段最后四句＂ I have s much fire burning fr my cuntry,＂Shelly said. She plans t start a fundatin fr hmeless children and wants t build a cmmunity centre in Waterhuse. She hpes t inspire the Jamaicans t lay dwn their weapns. She intends t fight t make it a wman’s as well as a man’s wrld.可知B项正确。
69.D 推理判断题。根据最后一段拳王阿里的名言：冠军不是体育馆里造出来的。造就冠军的是冠军内心深处的某种东西——渴望、梦想、愿景。他们需同时拥有技能和意志，但是意志必须强于技能。作者是在告诉我们动力让运动员们达到巅峰。故D项正确。
70.A 标题概括题。本文介绍了牙买加著名女飞人Shelly-Ann从不被人看好到成为奥运冠军，再到最后成为世界上跑的最快的女性。激励我们要想成功必须要经过艰苦的努力。故A项正确。B、C、D三项的范围有点过大，与文章不贴切。
Passage 8
【2016年上海卷】 One early mrning, I went int the living rm t find my mther reading a thick bk called Best Lved Pems t Read Again and Again. My interest was arused nly by the fact that the wrd ＂Pems＂ appeared in big, ht pink letters.
＂Is it gd?＂ I asked her.
＂Yeah,＂ she answered. ＂There’s ne I really like and yu’ll like it, t.＂ I leaned frward.
＂‘Patty Pem,’＂ she read the title. Wh is Patty? I wndered. The pem began:
She never puts her tys away,
Just leaves them scattered = 1 \* GB3 ① where they lay,… = 1 \* GB3 ①散乱的

The pem was just three shrt sectins. The final ne came quickly:

When she grws and gathers pise = 2 \* GB3 ②, = 2 \* GB3 ②稳重
I’ll miss her harum-scarum = 3 \* GB3 ③ nise, = 3 \* GB3 ③莽撞的
And lk in vain = 4 \* GB3 ④ fr scattered tys. = 4 \* GB3 ④徒劳地
And I’ll be sad.
A terrible srrw washed ver me. Whever Patty was, she was a mean girl. Then, the shck.
＂It’s yu, hney,＂ My mther said sadly.
T my mther, the pem revealed a parent’s affectin when her child grws up and leaves. T me, the ＂she＂ in the pem was hrrr. It was my mama wh wuld be sad. It was s terrible I burst ut crying.
＂What’s wrng?＂ my mther asked.
＂Oh Mama,＂ I cried. ＂I dn’t want t grw up ever!＂
She smiled. ＂Hney, it’s kay. Yu’re nt grwing up anytime sn. And when yu d, I’ll still lve yu, kay?＂
＂Okay,＂ I was still weeping. My panic has gne. But I culd nt help thinking abut that silly pem. After what seemed like a safe amunt f time, I read the pem again and was cnfused. It all fit s well tgether, like a puzzle. The language was simple, s simple I culd plainly understand its meaning, yet it was still beautiful. I was nw fascinated by the idea f petry, wrds that had the pwer t make r break a persn’s wrld.
I have since fallen in lve with ther pems, but ＂Patty Pem＂ remains my pem. After all, ＂Patty Pem＂ gave me my lve fr petry nt because it was the pem that lifted my spirits, but because it was the ne that hurt me the mst.
66. Why was the writer attracted by the bk Best Lved Pems t Read Again and Again?
A. It was a thick enugh bk.
B. Smething n its cver caught her eye.
C. Her mther was reading it with interest.
D. It has a meaningful title.
67. After her mther read the pem t her, the writer felt ______ at first.
A. sad B. excited C. hrrified D. cnfused
68. The writer’s mther liked t read ＂Patty Pem＂ prbably because______.
A. it reflected her wn childhd
B. it was written in simple language
C. it was cmpsed by a famus pet
D. it gave her a hint f what wuld happen
69. It can be cncluded frm the passage that＂Patty Pem＂leads the writer t _______.
A. discver the pwer f petry
B. recgnize her lve fr puzzles
C. find her eagerness t grw up
D. experience great hmesickness
【答案】66. B 67. A 68. D 69. A
【解析】试题分析：本文属于记叙文，叙述了作者通过阅读＂Patty Pem＂感受到诗歌的美，进而爱上了诗。
66.B 细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句My interest was arused nly by the fact that the wrd ＂Pems＂ appeared in big, ht pink letters.可知我的兴趣被激起来了，主要是因为这本书封面上的＂Pems＂很大很红。故B项正确。
67.A 细节理解题。根据A terrible srrw washed ver me. Whever Patty was, she was a mean girl.可知当母亲读完这首诗的时候，我很难过。故A正确。
68.D 推理判断题。根据T my mther, the pem revealed a parent’s affectin when her child grws up and leaves. T me, the ＂she＂ in the pem was hrrr. It was my mama wh wuld be sad.可知对妈妈来说这首诗让她想起我也会长大并且也会离开她，她也会因为我的离开而非常难受。所以这本书让她把未来可能发生的事情联系了起来。故D项正确。
69.A 推理判断题。根据文章最后一段＂I have since fallen in lve with ther pems, but ＂Patty Pem＂ remains my pem. After all, ＂Patty Pem＂ gave me my lve fr petry nt because it was the pem that lifted my spirits, but because it was the ne that hurt me the mst.＂可知这首诗让作者感受了诗歌的美，让作者爱上了诗歌，因为这是一首有强烈的情感冲击力的诗歌。故A项正确。
Passage 9
【2016年天津卷】Every man wants his sn t be smewhat f a clne, nt in features but in ftsteps. As he grws yu als age, and yur ambitins becme mre unachievable. Yu begin t realize that yur by, in yur ftsteps, culd prbably accmplish what yu hped fr. But ftsteps can be muddied and they can g ff in different directins.
My sn Jdy has hated schl since day ne in kindergarten. Science prjects waited until the last mment. Bk reprts weren’t written until the final threat.
I’ve been a newspaperman all my adult life. My daughter is a university graduate wrking tward her master’s degree in English. But Jdy? When he entered the tenth grade he became a “v-tech” student(技校学生). They’re called “mtrheads” by the rest f the student bdy.
When a secretary in my ffice first called him “mtrhead”, I was shcked. “Hey, he’s a gd kid,” I wanted t say. “And smart, really.”
I learned later that mtrheads are, indeed, different. They usually have dirty hands and wear dirty wrk clthes. And they dn’t ften make schl hnr rlls(光荣榜).
But being the parent f a mtrhead is itself an experience in educatin. We wh labr in clean shirts in ffices dn’t have the abilities that mtrheads have. I began t learn this when I had my car crashed. The cst t repair it was estimated at $800. “Hey, I can fix it,” said Jdy. I dubted it, but let him g ahead, fr I had nthing t lse.
My sn, with ther mtrheads, fixed the car. They gt parts(零件) frm a junkyard, and ability frm v-tech classes. The lst was $25 instead f $80.
Since that first repair jb, a brken air-cnditiner, a nn-functining washer and a nn-tasting taster have been fixed. Neighbrs and c-wrkers trust their car repairs t him.
These kids are happiest when ding repairs. They jke and laugh and are living in their wn relaxed wrld. And their minds are bright despite their dirty hands and clthes.
I have learned a lt frm my mtrhead: publishers need printers, engineers need mechanics, and architects need builders. Mst imprtant, I have learned that fathers dn’t need clnes in ftsteps r anywhere else.
My sn may never make the schl hnr rll. But he made mine.
41. What used t be the authr’s hpe fr his sn?
A. T avid becming his clne. B. T resemble him in appearance.
C. T develp in a different directin. D. T reach the authr’s unachieved gals.
42. What can we learn abut the authr’s children?
A. His daughter des better in schl. B. His daughter has gt a master’s degree.
C. His sn tried hard t finish hmewrk. D. His sn culdn’t write his bk reprts.
43. The authr let his sn repair the car because he believed that _____________.
A. His sn had the ability t fix it B. it wuld save him much time
C. it wuldn’t cause him any mre lss D. ther mtrheads wuld cme t help
44. In the authr’s eyes, mtrheads are _____________.
A. tidy and hardwrking B. cheerful and smart
C. lazy but bright D. relaxed but rude
45. What did the authr realize in the end?
A. It is unwise t expect yur child t fllw yur path.
B. It is imprtant fr ne t make the hnr rll.
C. Architects play a mre imprtant rle than builders.
D. Mtrheads have greater ability than ffice wrkers.
【语篇解读】这是一篇记叙文。作者一开始希望自己的儿子能效仿他，完成他没有实现的目标。但是他的儿子学习成绩不理想，只上了技校。一次作者的车坏了，儿子和同学帮助作者修好了车，让作者改变了自己的看法。
41.D【解析】根据第一段的句子Yu begin t realize that yur by, in yur ftsteps, culd prbably accmplish what yu hped fr.可知，作者希望儿子完成他没有实现的目标。故选D。
考点：考查细节理解。
42.A 【解析】根据第三段的句子My daughter is a university graduate wrking tward her master’s degree in English.可知，作者的女儿学习很好。故选A。
考点：考查推理判断。
43.C【解析】根据第六段的句子I dubted it, but let him g ahead, fr I had nthing t lse. 可知，作者认为儿子修车不会给他带来任何损失。故选C。
考点：考查细节理解。
44.B【解析】根据倒数第三段的句子These kids are happiest when ding repairs. They jke and laugh and are living in their wn relaxed wrld. And their minds are bright可知，在作者眼中，mtrheads是令人兴奋的，聪明的。故选B。
考点：考查推理判断。
45.A 【解析】根据倒数第二段的句子Mst imprtant, I have learned that fathers dn’t need clnes in ftsteps r anywhere else.可知，作者最后意识到希望孩子按自己期望的道路走是不明智的。故选B。
考点：考查细节理解。
Passage 10
【2016年天津卷】Failure is prbably the mst exhausting experience a persn ever has. There is nthing mre tiring than nt succeeding.
We experience this tiredness in tw ways: as start-up fatigue(疲惫) and perfrmance fatigue. In the frmer case, we keep putting ff a task because it has either t bring r t difficult. And the lnger we delay it, the mre tired we feel.
Such start-up fatigue is very real, even if nt actually physical, nt smething in ur muscles and bnes. The slutin is bvius thugh perhaps nt easy t apply: always handle the mst difficult jb first.
Years ag, I was asked t write 102 essays n the great ideas f sme famus authrs. Applying my wn rule, I determined t write them in alphabetical rder(按字母顺序), never letting myself leave ut a tugh idea. And I always started the day’s wrk with the difficult task f essay-writing. Experience prved that the rule wrks.
Perfrmance fatigue is mre difficult t handle. Thugh willing t get started, we cannt seem t d the jb right. Its difficulties appear s great that, hwever hard we wrk, we fail again and again. In such a situatin, I wrk as hard as I can — then let the uncnscius take ver.
When planning Encyclpaedia Britannica (《大英百科全书》), I had t create a table f cntents based n the tpics f its articles. Nthing like this had ever been dne befre, and day after day I kept cming up with slutins, but nne f them wrked. My fatigue became almst unbearable.
One day, mentally exhausted, I wrte dwn all the reasns why this prblem culd nt be slved. I tried t cnvince myself that the truble was with the prblem itself, nt with me. Relieved, I sat back in an easy chair and fell asleep.
An hur later, I wke up suddenly with the slutin clearly in mind. In the weeks that fllwed, the slutin which had cme up in my uncnscius mind prved crrect at every step. Thugh I wrked as hard as befre, I felt n fatigue. Success was nw as exciting as failure had been depressing.
Human beings, I believe must try t succeed. Success, then, means never feeling tired.
51. Peple with start-up fatigue are mst likely t _____________.
A. delay tasksB. wrk hardC. seek helpD. accept failure
52. What des the authr recmmend ding t prevent start-up fatigue?
A. Writing essays in strict rder. B. Building up physical strength.
C. Leaving ut the tughest ideas.D. Dealing with the hardest task first.
53. On what ccasin des a persn prbably suffer frm perfrmance fatigue?
A. Befre starting a difficult task.
B. When all the slutins fail.
C. If the jb is rather bring.
D. After finding a way ut.
54. Accrding t the authr, the uncnscius mind may help us _____________.
A. ignre mental prblemsB. get sme nice sleep
C. gain cmplete reliefD. find the right slutin
55. What culd be the best title fr the passage?
A. Success Is Built upn Failure
B. Hw t Handle Perfrmance Fatigue
C. Getting ver Fatigue: A Way t Success
D. Fatigue: An Early Sign f Health Prblems
【语篇解读】这是一篇夹叙夹议文章。文章主要介绍每个人都希望成功，但是人们在实施任务的时候会出现启动疲惫和表现疲惫，这是造成失败的两种原因，并介绍了如何克服这两种疲惫。
51.A 【解析】考查细节理解。根据第二段的句子In the frmer case, we keep putting ff a task可知，有启动疲惫的人更可能拖延任务。故选A。
52.D 【解析】考查细节理解。根据第三段的句子The slutin is bvius thugh perhaps nt easy t apply: always handle the mst difficult jb first可知，为了防止启动疲惫，作者建议首先处理最难的任务。故选D。
53.B【解析】考查细节理解。根据第五段的句子Perfrmance fatigue is mre difficult t handle可知，当所有的解决方法都失败的时候，一个人可能会有表现疲惫。故选B。
54.D【解析】考查细节理解。根据第五段的最后一句话可知，无意识的行为可能帮助我们发现正确的解决方法。故选D。
55.C【解析】考查标题归纳。根据全篇文章，尤其是最后一段的内容可知，文章主要介绍造成失败的两种疲惫以及如何克服疲惫。故选C。
2015年记叙文
Passage1
【2015年新课标Ⅰ卷】The freezing Nrtheast hasn’t been a terribly fun place t spend time this winter, s when the chance came fr a weekend t Sarasta, Flrida, my bags were packed befre yu culd say ＂sunshine＂. I left fr the land f warmth and vitamin C(维生素C), thinking f beaches and range trees. When we tuched dwn t blue skies and warm air, I sent up a small prayer f gratefulness. Swimming pls, wine tasting, and pink sunsets(at nrmal evening hurs, nt 4 in the afternn) filled the weekend, but the best part- particularly t my taste, dulled by mnths f cld — weather rt vegetables — was a 7 a.m. adventure t the Sarasta farmers’ market that prved t be mre than wrth the early wake-up call.
The market, which was funded in 1979, sets up its tents every Saturday frm 7 a.m. t 1 p.m., rain r shine, alng Nrth Lemn and State streets. Baskets f perfect red strawberries, the red-painted sides f the Java Dawg cffee truck; and mst f all, the tmates: amazing, large, sft and rund red tmates.
Disappinted by many a brken, vine-ripened(蔓上成熟的) prmise, I’ve refused t buy winter tmates fr years. N matter hw attractive they lk in the stre, nce I get them hme they’re unfailingly dry, hard, and tasteless. But I hmed in, with uncertainty, n ne particular table at the Brwn’s Grve Farm’s stand, full f fresh and sft tmates the size f my fist. These were the real deal — and at that mment, I realized that the best part f Sarasta in winter was ging t be eating things that back hme in New Yrk I wuldn’t be experiencing again fr mnths.
Delighted as I was by the tmates in sight, my happiness deepened when I learned that Brwn’s Grve Farm is ne f the suppliers fr Jack Dusty, a newly pened restaurant at the Sarasta Ritz Carltn, where —luckily fr me — I was planning t have dinner that very night. Withut even seeing the menu, I knew I’d be rdering every tmat n it.
24. What did the authr think f her winter life in New Yrk?
A. Exciting. B. Bring. C. Relaxing. D. Annying.
25. What made the authr’s getting up early wrthwhile?
A. Having a swim.B. Breathing in fresh air.
C. Walking in the mrning sun.D. Visiting a lcal farmer’s market.
26. What can we learn abut tmates sld in New Yrk in winter?
A. They are sft.B. They lk nice.C. They taste great.D. They are juicy.
27. What was the authr ging t d that evening?
A. G t a farm.B. Check int a htel.
C. Eat in a restaurant.D. Buy fresh vegetables.
【解析】试题分析:文章讲述了作者生活在冬天寒冷的纽约，当有一个到佛罗里达州萨拉索塔一个周的机会，作者在那里体验到完全不同的冬天。
B 推理判新题。根据文第一段第一句 The freezing Nrtheast hasn't been a terribly fun place t spend timethis winter可以推测出作者在纽约冬天的生活是令人厌烦的。故选 B。
25.D 细节理解题。根据文章第一段最后一句 dulled by mnths f cld- weather rt vegetables- was a 7 t the Sarasta farmers' market that prved t be mre than wrth the early wake-up call.可知者早7点到农产品市场是很有意义的。可知选 D。
26.B 推理判断题。根据文章第二段第二句 N matter hw attractive they lk in the stre, nce I get them hme they're unfailingly dry, hard,and tasteless.可知,纽约的西红柿在商店里看起来是很吸引人的。可知选 B.27.C 推理判断题。根据文章最后一段尤其倒数第一二句可知，作者晚上计划在餐馆吃饭，并且点西红柿。故选 C。
Passage 2
【2015年新课标Ⅱ卷】My clr televisin has given me nthing but a headache. I was able t buy it a little ver a year ag because I had my relatives give me mney fr my birthday instead f clthes that wuldn’t fit. I let a salesclerk fl me int buying a discntinued mdel. I realized this a day later, when I saw newspaper advertisements fr the set at seventy-five dllars less than I had paid. The set wrked s beautiful when I first gt it hme that I wuld keep it n until statins signed ff fr the night. Frtunately, I didn’t get any channels shwing all-night mvies r I wuld never have gtten t bed.
Then I started develping a prblem with the set that invlved static(静电) nise. Fr sme reasn, when certain shws switched int a cmmercial, a lud nise wuld sund fr a few secnds. Gradually, this nise began t appear during a shw, and t get rid f it, I had t change t anther channel and then change it back. Smetimes this technique wuld nt wrk, and I had t pick up the set and shake it t remve the sund. I actually began t build up my arm muscles(肌肉) shaking my set.
When neither f these methds remved the static nise, I wuld sit helplessly and wait fr the nise t g away. At last I ended up hitting the set with my first, and it stpped wrking altgether. My trip t the repair shp cst me $62, and the sit is wrking well nw, but I keep expecting mre truble.
21. Why did the authr say he was fled int buying the TV set?
He gt an lder mdel than he had expected.
He culdn’t return it when it was brken.
He culd have bught it at a lwer price.
He failed t find any mvie shws n it.
22. Which f the fllwing an best replace the phrase “signed ff” in paragraph 1?
ended all their prgrams
prvided fewer channels
changed t cmmercials
shwed all-night mvies
23. Hw did the authr finally get this TV set wrking again?
By shaking and hitting it
By turning it n and ff
By switching channels
By having it repaired
24. Hw des the authr sund when telling the stry?
Curius
Anxius
Cautius
Humrus
【解析】试题分析:我的彩电带给我的只有让我头疼的事。从一开始就让我很不痛快。因为我花的钱比广告上的多这还不算，机子还是过时的，而且质量也有问题，先是接受频道不全，接着是噪音不断，最后只好自己花钱去修。
C 细节理解题。根据第一段第四行“when I saw newspaper advertisements fr the set at seventy-five dllars当我看到报纸上 75 美元比我买的价格低的时候，我感觉我上当了。故选 C。less than I had paid.”
22.A 词义推测题。根据后一句 Frtunately,I didn't get any channels shwing all-night mvies r I wuld never have gtten t bed.: 幸运的是，我没有可以整晚看电影的频道，否则我就不能睡觉了，故选
23.D 细节理解题。根据文章最后一段的My trip t the repair shp cst me $62，可知作者由于用拳头砸电视，导致电视没了噪音，也什么都不出了。最后只好自己花钱去修理店修电视机，共花了62美元，故选D。
24.D推理判断题。根据开头Frtunately, I didn’t get any channels shwing all-night mvies r I wuld never have gtten t bed.意思是说：看不了电视节目就可以睡觉；中间还说I actually began t build up my arm muscles(肌肉) shaking my set.意思是：晃动电视的同时还锻炼了胳膊上肌肉，可知作者很诙谐幽默。故选D。
Passage 3
【2015年浙江卷】Frm the very beginning f schl we make bks and reading a cnstant surce f pssible failure and public humiliatin. When children are little we make them read alud, befre the teacher and ther children, s that we can be sure they "knw" all the wrds they are reading. This means that when they dn't knw a wrd, they are ging t make a mistake, right in frnt f everyne. After having taught fifth-grade classes fr fur years, I decided t try at all csts t rid them f their fear and dislike f bks, and t get them t read ftener and mre adventurusly.
One day sn after schl had started, I said t them, "Nw I'm ging t say smething abut reading that yu have prbably never heard a teacher say befre. I wuld like yu t read a lt f bks this year, but I want yu t read them nly fr pleasure. I am nt ging t ask yu questins t find ut whether yu understand the bks r nt. If yu understand enugh f a bk t enjy it and want t g n reading it, that's enugh fr me. Als I’m nt ging t ask yu what wrds mean. "
The children sat stunned and silent. Was this a teacher talking? One girl, wh had just cme t us frm a schl where she had had a very hard time, lked at me steadily fr a lng time after I had finished. Then, still lking at me, she said slwly and seriusly, “Mr Hlt, d yu really mean that?" I said just as seriusly, "I mean every wrd f it.”
During the spring she really astnished me. One day, she was reading at her desk. Frm a glimpse f the illustratins I thught I knew what the bk was. I said t myself, "It can't be," and went t take a clser lk. Sure enugh, she was reading Mby Dick, in the editin with wdcuts. I said, "Dn't yu find parts f it rather heavy ging?" She answered, “Oh, sure, but I just skip ver thse parts and g n t the next gd part.”
This is exactly what reading shuld be and in schl s seldm is — an exciting, jyus adventure. Find smething, dive int it, take the gd parts, skip the bad parts, get what yu can ut f it, g n t smething else. Hw different is ur mean-spirited, picky insistence that every child get every last little scrap f "understanding" that can be dug ut f a bk.
41. Accrding t the passage, children's fear and dislike f bks may result frm _________.
A. reading little and thinking little
B. reading ften and adventurusly
C. being made t read t much
D. being made t read alud befre thers
42. The teacher tld his students t read _________.
A. fr enjyment B. fr knwledge
C. fr a larger vcabulary D. fr higher scres in exams
43. Upn hearing the teacher's talk, the children prbably felt that __________.
A. it sunded stupid
B. it was nt surprising at all
C. it sunded t gd t be true
D. it was n different frm ther teachers' talk
44. Which f the fllwing statements abut the girl is TRUE accrding t the passage?
A. She skipped ver thse easy parts while reading.
B. She had a hard time finishing the required reading tasks.
C. She learned t appreciate sme parts f the difficult bks.
D. She turned ut t be a tp student after cming t this schl.
45. Frm the teacher's pint f view, _______.
A. children cannt tell gd parts frm bad parts while reading
B. children shuld be left t decide what t read and hw t read
C. reading is never a pleasant and inspiring experience in schl
D. reading invlves understanding every little piece f infrmatin
【解析】
试题分析：作者认为阅读应该是一种快乐，而不是强迫性的阅读，强调通过快乐阅读培养阅读习惯。
41.D细节理解题 题目的意思是根据文段孩子们害怕或者是不喜欢读书是因____。根据第一段第四行“This means that when they dn’t knw a wrd, they are ging t make a mistake, right in frnt f everyne”. 意为这意味着当他们不知道单词的时候，他们会犯错，而且是在所有的人面前犯错，这会给他们带来一些害怕。
43.C细节理解题 根据“The children sat stunned and silent. 孩子们震惊和沉默地坐着。”第三段第四行“seriusly, ‘Mr. Hlt, d yu really mean that?’”不能得出答案。当老师说了这些话之后，孩子们都很震惊耶，很奇怪，所以他会确定问老师是不是真的这样？这表明学生是很不太相信的。答案选项的it sunded t gd t be true，意为听起来太好了以致不相信这是真的。
44.C细节理解题这种题目是判断正误题，答题时一定要细心选择是错误还是正确的。此题选择的是正确的，也就意味着有3个是错误，只有一个是正确的。根据第四段最后一句话“She answered, Oh, sure, but I just skip ver thse parts and g n t the next gd part. “她回答说，哦，当然，但我只是跳过这些部分，继续读下一个好的部分。“可以得出答案是这个女孩知道如何欣赏这些文章。
45.B细节理解题 四个选项的意思分别是A孩子在阅读的时候不能够区别好的部分以及不好的部分；B应该留给学生孩子自己去选择，读什么以及如何读；C在学校阅读永远不会是一个愉快和启发性的体验；D阅读需要理解每一部分的信息。其实根据常识可以判断C和D是错误的，然后再结合全文大意，作者认为孩子不应该是强迫去读，要让他们自己读，选择材料读。
Passage 4
【2015年浙江卷】If humans were truly at hme under the light f the mn and stars，we wuld g in darkness happily, the midnight wrld as visible t us as it is t the vast number f ncturnal(夜间活动的) species n this planet. Instead, we are diurnal creatures, with eyes adapted t living in the sun's light. This is a basic evlutinary fact, even thugh mst f us dn't think f urselves as diurnal beings. Yet it's the nly way t explain what we've dne t the night: We've engineered it t receive us by filling it with light.
The benefits f this kind f engineering cme with cnsequences — called light pllutin — whse effects scientists are nly nw beginning t study. Light pllutin is largely the result f bad lighting design, which allws artificial light t shine utward and upward int the sky. Ⅲ-designed lighting washes ut the darkness f night and cmpletely changes the light levels — and light rhythms — t which many frms f life, including, urselves, have adapted. Wherever human light spills int the natural wrld, sme aspect f life is affected.
In mst cities the sky lks as thugh it has been emptied f stars, leaving behind a vacant haze(霾) that mirrrs ur fear f the dark. We've grwn s used t this range haze that the riginal glry f an unlit nigh, - dark enugh fr the planet Venus t thrw shadw n Earth, is whlly beynd ur experience, beynd memry almst.
We’ve lit up the night as if it were an unccupied cuntry, when nthing culd be further frm the truth. Amng mammals alne, the number f ncturnal species is astnishing, Light is a pwerful bilgical frce, and n many species it acts as a magnet(磁铁). The effect is s pwerful that scientists speak f sngbirds and seabirds being“captured”by searchlights n land r by the light frm gas flares n marine il platfrms. Migrating at night, birds tend t cllide with brightly lit tall buildings.
Frgs living near brightly lit highways suffer ncturnal light levels that are as much as a millin times brighter than nrmal, thrwing nearly every aspect f their behavir ut f jint, including their nighttime breeding chruses. Humans are n less trapped by light pllutin than the frgs. Like mst ther creatures, we d need darkness .Darkness is as essential t ur bilgical welfare, t ur internal clckwrk, as light itself.
Living in a glare f ur making, we have cut urselves ff frm ur evlutinary and cultural heritage—the light f the stars and the rhythms f day and night .In a very real sense, light pllutin causes us t lse sight f ur true place in the universe, t frget the scale f ur being, which is best measured against the dimensins f a deep night with the Milky Way — the edge f ur galaxy — arching verhead.
50. Accrding t the passage, human beings .
A. prefer t live in the darkness
B. are used t living in the day light
C. were curius abut the midnight wrld
D. had t stay at hme with the light f the mn
51. What des “it”(Paragraph 1) mst prbably refer t?
A. The night.B. The mn
C. The sky D. The planet
52. The writer mentins birds and frgs t .
A. prvide examples f animal prtectin
B. shw hw light pllutin affects animals
C. cmpare the living habits f bth species
D. explain why the number f certain species has declined
53. It is implied in the last paragraph that .
A. light pllutin dse harm t the eyesight f animals
B. light pllutin has destryed sme f the wrld heritages
C. human beings cannt g t the uter space
D. human beings shuld reflect n their psitin in the universe
54.What might be the best title fr the passage?
A. The Magic Light.B. The Orange Haze.
C. The Disappearing Night.D. The Rhythms f Nature.
【解析】试题分析：文章介绍了光污染对于动物和人类的影响，呼吁我们反思我们的行为。
50.B 细节理解题 根据第一段第三行“ with eyes adapted t living in the sun’s light眼睛适应了太阳的光线” 可以知道答案。其中adapted t 和used t 同义，意为习惯于。
53.D 推理题，最后一段的意思是” Living in a glare f ur making ,we have cut urselves ff frm ur evlutinary and cultural heritage—the light f the stars and the rhythms f day and night .In a very real sense light pllutin causes us t lse sight f ur true place in the universe, t frget the scale f ur being, which is best measured against the dimensins f a deep night with the Milky Way—the edge f ur galaxy arching verhead.生活在一个刺眼世界，我们已经远离了进化和文化遗产：星星和昼夜节律的光。在一个非常真实的意义上，光污染使我们在宇宙中失去真我，而这些失去的正好就是最好的测量银河系银河深夜的工具。“ 根据语意，不难得出答案是D. human beings shuld reflect n their psitin in the universe人类应该反思自己的行为。但此题易错选B，之所以不选B是因为sme f 的表达是扩大了说法，以偏概全。
54.C 标题题，根据，文章出现最多的就是light和night, 我们可以知道答案是C。之所以不选A，是因为它所使用的形容词Magic意思是奇幻的，这个单词具有褒义的意思。而C选项的disappearing 是消失的，这符合本文的语境，让我们反思。
Passage 5
【2015年浙江卷】 In 2004, when my daughter Becky was ten, she and my husband, Je, were united in their desire fr a dg. As fr me, I shared nne f their canine lust.
But why, they pleaded. “Because I dn’t have time t take care f a dg.” “But we’ll d it.” “Really? Yu’re ging t walk the dg? Feed the dg? Bathe the dg?” “Yes, yes, and yes.” “I dn’t believe yu.” “We will. We prmise.”
They didn’t. Frm day tw (everyne wanted t walk the cute puppy that first day), neither thught t walk the dg. While I was slw t accept that I wuld be the ne t keep track f her shts, t schedule her vet appintments, t feed and clean her, Misty knew this n day ne. As she lked up at the three new humans in her life (small, medium, and large), she calculated, “The medium ne is the sucker in the pack.”
Quickly, she and I develped smething very similar t a Vulcan mind meld (心灵融合) . She’d lk at me with thse sad brwn eyes f hers, beam her need, and then wait, trusting I wuld understand — which, strangely, I almst always did. In n time, she became my fifth appendage(附肢), snring n my hme-ffice cuch as I wrked, cradling against my feet as I read, and splaying acrss my stmach as I watched televisin.
Even s, part f me cntinued t resent walking duty. Je and Becky had prmised. Nt fair, I’d balk ( 不心甘情愿地做 ) silently as she and I walked . “Nt fair,” I’d ludly remind anyne within earsht upn ur return hme.
Then ne day — January 1, 2007, t be exact — my husband’s dctr uttered an unthinkable wrd: leukemia ( 白血病 ) .With that, I spent eight t ten hurs a day with Je in the hspital, ding anything and everything I culd t ease his discmfrt. During thse six mnths f hspitalizatins, Becky, 12 at the time , adjusted t ther adults being in the huse when she returned frm schl. My wrk clleagues adjusted t my taking ff at a mment's ntice fr medical emergencies. Every part f my life changed; n part f my ld rutine remained.
Save ne: Misty still needed walking. At the beginning, when friends ffered t take her
thrugh her paces, I declined because I knew they had their wn husehlds t deal with.
As the mnths went by，I began t realize that I actually wanted t walk Misty. The walk in the mrning befre I headed t the hspital was a quiet, peaceful time t gather my thughts r t just be befre the day's medical drama unflded. The evening walk was a time t shake ff the day's upsets and let the wrry tracks in my head g t white nise.
When serius illness visits yur husehld, it's nt just yur daily rutine and yur assumptins abut the future that are n lnger familiar. Pretty much everyne yu knw acts differently.
Nt Misty. Take her fr a walk, and she had n interest in Je's bld cunts r bne marrw test results. On the street r in the park, she had nly ne thing n her mind: squirrels! She was s jyus that even n the wrst days, she culd make me smile. On a daily basis, she reminded me that life ges n.
After Je died in 2009，Misty slept n his pillw.
I'm grateful一t a pint. The truth is, after years f balking, I've cme t enjy my walks with Misty. As I watch her chase after a squirrel, thrwing her whle being int the here-and-nw f an exercise that has never nce ended in victry, she reminds me, t, that n matter hw harsh the present r unpredictable the future , there's almst always sme measure f jy t be extracted frm the mment.
55. why didn't the writer agree t raise a dg at the beginning f the stry?
A. She was afraid the dg wuld get the family int truble.
B. It wuld be her business t take care f the dg.
C. Her husband and daughter were united as ne.
D. She didn't want t spil her daughter.
56. Which f the fllwing is the clsest in meaning t "The medium ne is the sucker in the pack.” (Paragraph 3)?
A. "The middle-aged persn lves me mst.”
B. “The medium-sized wman is the hstess.”
C. "The man in the middle is the ne wh has the final say.”
D. "The wman is the kind and trustwrthy ne in the family.”
57. It can be inferred frm Paragraph 3 that_______.
A. Misty was quite clever
B. Misty culd slve math prblems
C. the writer was a slw learner
D. n ne walked Misty the first day
58.The stry came t its turning pint when________.
A. Je died in 2009
B. Je fell ill in 2007
C. the writer began t walk the dag
D. the dg tried t please the writer
59.Why did the writer cntinue t walk Misty while Je was in hspital?
Misty culdn’t live withut her.
Her friends didn’t ffer any help.
The walk prvided her with spiritual cmfrt.
She didn’t want Misty t be thers’ cmpanin.
60.What is the message the writer wants t cnvey in the passage?
A. One shuld learn t enjy hard times.
B .A disaster can change everything in life.
C. Mments f jy suggest that there is still hpe ahead.
D. Peple will change their attitude tward yu when yu are in difficulty.
【解析】
试题分析：这是一篇记叙文，讲述作者从遛狗的体验中悟出生活的哲理——尽管有时生活艰难、前途难测，但人生总有希望和快乐。
57.A 推理题，根据第三段“Misty knew this n day ne它在第一天就知道“和 “she calculated它在计算”可以得出答案这只狗是非常聪明的。另外也可以根据意思排除选项BCD。B. Misty culd slve math prblems就算文章中出现了一个计算的词语，但也不能够得出能够解答数学题的结论，而且根据常识也可以把它排除。C. the writer was a slw learner这个内容没有提及，D. n ne walked Misty the first day这个选项的答案，也原文“它在第一天就知道了”是不一致的。
58.B 细节理解题，根据第六段第一句话“Then ne day — January 1, 2007 , t be exact — my husband ‘ s dctr uttered an unthinkable wrd : leukemia ( 白血病) . 然后，2007年1月1日，确切地说是丈夫的医生宣布了丈夫得了白血病”， 说明这一天是一个转折点，所以可以得出答案为B。
Passage 6
【2015年重庆卷】At thirteen, I was diagnsed(诊所) with a kind f attentin disrder. It made schl difficult fr me. When everyne else in the class was fcusing n tasks, I culd nt.
In my first literature class, Mrs. Smith asked us t read a stry and then write n it, all within 45 minutes. I raised my hand right away and said,“Mrs. Smith, yu see, the dctr said I have attentin prblems. I might nt be able t d it.”
She glanced dwn at me thrugh her glasses, “Yu are n different frm yur classmates, yung man.”
I tried, but I didn’t finish the reading when the bell rang. I had t take it hme.
In the quietness f my bedrm, the stry suddenly all became clear t me. It was abut a blind persn, Luis Braille. He lived in a time when the blind culdn’t get much educatin. But Luis didn’t give up. Instead, he invented a reading system f raised dts（点）, which pened up a whle new wrld f knwledge t the blind.
Wasn’t I the “blind” in my class, being made t learn like the “sighted” students? My thughts spilled ut and my pen started t dance. I cmpleted the task within 40 minutes. Indeed, I was n different frm thers; I just needed a quieter place. If Luis culd find his way ut f his prblems, why shuld I ever give up?
I didn’t expect anything when I handed in my paper t Mrs. Smith, s it was quite a surprise when it came back t me the next day — with an “A” n it. At the bttm f the paper were these wrds: “ See what yu can d when yu keep trying?”
36. The authr didn’t finish the reading in class because _________.
A. He was new t the classB. He was tired f literature
C.He had an attentin disrderD.He wanted t take the task hme
37.What d we knw abut Luis Braille frm the passage?
A.He had gd sight.B.He made a great inventin.
C.He gave up reading.D.He learned a lt frm schl.
38.What was Mrs.Smith’s attitude t the authr at the end f the stry?
A.Angry.B.Impatient.C.Sympathetic.D.Encuraging.
39.What is the main idea f the passage?
A.The disabled shuld be treated with respect.
B.A teacher can pen up a new wrld t students.
C.One can find his way ut f difficulties with effrts.
D.Everyne needs a hand when faced with challenges.
【解析】
试题分析: 本文主要讲述作者有注意力紊乱，不想努力，在老师的激励下，克服困难的故事
36.C细节理解题。根据第一段At thirteen, I was diagnsed with a kind f attentin disrder.可知作者被诊断出注意力紊乱，故选C项。
37.B 推断题。根据第五段提到it was abut a blind persn,Luise Braile,和 Instead , he invented a reading systerm f raised dts，which pened up a whle new wrld f knwledge t the blind可知Luise Braile是个盲人，创造了盲文，故选B项。
38.D 推断题。根据最后一段提到s it was a surprise when it came back t me the next day—with an “A”当我看到作业上A时，非常的吃惊，史密斯小姐对我的态度是令人鼓励的，故选D项。
39.C 主旨大意。本文主要讲述作者有注意力紊乱，不想努力，在老师的激励下，克服困难的故事，故选C项。
Passage 7
【2015年安徽卷】When her five daughters were yung, Helene An always tld them that there was strength in unity (团结). T shw this, she held up ne chpstick, representing ne persn. Then she easily brke it int tw pieces. Next, she tied several chpsticks tgether, representing a family. She shwed the girls it was hard t break the tied chpsticks. This lessn abut family unity stayed with the daughters as they grew up.
Helene An and her family wn a large restaurant business in Califrnia. Hwever, when Helene and her husband Danny left their hme in Vietnam in 1975, they didn’t have much mney. They mved their family t San Francisc. There they jined Danny’s mther, Diana, wh wned a small Italian sandwich shp. Sn afterwards, Helene and Diana changed the sandwich shp int a small Vietnamese restaurant. The five daughters helped in the restaurant when they were yung. Hwever, Helene did nt want her daughters t always wrk in the family business because she thught it was t hard.
Eventually the girls all graduated frm cllege and went away t wrk fr themselves, but ne by ne, the daughters returned t wrk in the family business. They pened new restaurants in San Francisc and Ls Angeles. Even thugh family members smetimes disagreed with each ther, they wrked tgether t make the business successful. Daughter Elisabeth explains, "Our mther taught us that t succeed we must have unity, and t have unity we must have peace. Withut the strength f the family, there is n business."
Their expanding business became a large crpratin in 1996, with three generatins f Ans wrking tgether. Nw the Ans’ crpratin makes mre than $20 millin each year. Althugh they began with a small restaurant, they had big dreams, and they wrked tgether. Nw they are a big success.
60. Helene tied several chpsticks tgether t shw ____________.
A. the strength f family unityB. the difficulty f grwing up
C. the advantage f chpsticksD. the best way f giving a lessn
61. We can learn frm Paragraph 2 that the An family ____________.
A. started a business in 1975B. left Vietnam withut much mney
C. bught a restaurant in San FranciscD. pened a sandwich shp in Ls Angeles
62. What can we infer abut the An daughters?
A. They did nt finish their cllege educatin.
B. They culd nt bear t wrk in the family business.
C. They were influenced by what Helene taught them.
D. They were trubled by disagreement amng family members.
63. Which f the fllwing can be the best title fr the passage?
A. Hw t Run a CrpratinB. Strength Cmes frm Peace
C. Hw t Achieve a Big DreamD. Family Unity Builds Success
【答案】60. A 61. B 62. C 63. D
61. B 细节理解题。根据“when Helene and her husband Danny left their hme in Vietnam in 1975, they didn't have much mney.”可知，当离开越南时，Helene夫妇并没有太多的钱。
62. C 推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“Eventually the girls all graduated frm cllege”排除A；根据“the daughters returned t wrk in the family business”可知，Helene的女儿们相继都回到了家族企业，但文中未提到她们无法承受家族企业里的工作，排除B；根据“they wrked tgether t make the business successful”可知，虽然有分歧，但她们还是齐心协力地工作，排除D。
63. D 选择最佳标题。根据第一段“Helene An always tld them that there was strength in unity (团结).”和第三段“t succeed we must have unity”与第四段“and they wrked tgether. Nw they are a big success.”可知，文文章主要讲的是家庭团结对取得成功的重要性。文章没有讲怎样经营一家大型公司，也没有提到怎样实现伟大梦想。
Passage 8
The By Made It!
【2015年北京卷】One Sunday, Nichlas, a teenager, went skiing at Sugarlaf Muntain in Maine. In the early afternn, when he was planning t g hme, a fierce snwstrm swept int the area. Unable t see far, he accidentally turned ff the path. Befre he knew it, Nichlas was lst, all alne! He didn’t have fd, water, a phne, r ther supplies. He was getting clder by the minute.
Nichlas had n idea where he was. He tried nt t panic. He thught abut all the survival shws he had watched n TV. It was time t put the tips he had learned t use.
He decided t stp skiing. There was a better chance f smene finding him if he stayed put. The first thing he did was t find shelter frm the freezing wind and snw. If he didn’t, his bdy temperature wuld get very lw, which culd quickly kill him.
Using his skis, Nichlas built a snw cave. He gathered a huge mass f snw and dug ut a hle in the middle. Then he piled branches n tp f himself, like a blanket, t stay as warm as he culd.
By that evening, Nichlas was really hungry. He ate snw and drank water frm a nearby stream s that his bdy wuldn’t lse t much water. Nt knwing hw much lnger he culd last, Nichlas did the nly thing he culd- he huddled(蜷缩) in his cave and slept.
The next day, Nichlas went ut t lk fr help, but he culdn’t find anyne. He fllwed his tracks and returned t the snw cave, because withut shelter, he culd die that night. On Tuesday, Nichlas went ut t find help. He had walked fr abut a mile when a vlunteer searcher fund him. After tw days stuck in the snw, Nichlas was saved.
Nichlas might nt have survived this snwstrm had it nt been fr TV. He had ften watched Grylls’ survival shw. Man vs. Wild. That’s where he learned the tips that saved his life, In each episde(一期节目)f Man vs. Wild, Grylls is abandned in a wild area and has t find his way ut.
When Grylls heard abut Nichlas’ amazing deeds, he was super impressed that Nichlas had made it since he knew better than anyne hw hard Nichlas had t wrk t stay alive.
56. What happened t Nichlas ne Sunday afternn?
A. He gt lst. B. He brke his skis.
C. He hurt his eyes D. He caught a cld
57. Hw did Nichlas keep himself warm?
A. He fund a shelter. B. He lighted sme branches.
C. He kept n skiing. D. He built a snw cave.
58. On Tuesday, Nichlas _____.
A. returned t his shelter safely
B. was saved by a searcher
C. gt stuck in the snw
D. staved where he was
59. Nichlas left Grylls a very deep impressin because he _____.
A. did the right things in the dangerus situatin
B. watched Grylls’ TV prgram regularly
C. created sme tips fr survival
D. was very hard-wrking
【解析】
试题分析：本文讲的是一个小男孩在暴风雪中迷路，他不畏艰难，利用在电视中学到的野外生存知识逃脱困境的故事。
56. A 细节理解题。根据第一段第三行，Befre he knew it, Nichlas was lst, all alne!”可知答案。说明在Nichlas迷路了。故选A。
59.A 推理判断题。根据最后一段中的，He was super impressed that Nichlas had made it since he knew better than anynehw hard Nichlas had t wrk t stay alive。”可知，Grylls这个人想表达一个小男孩能在如此困难的情况下成功逃生是难能可贵的，A选项正好能表达此意思。故选A。
Passage 9
【2015年福建卷】Papa, as a sn f a dirt-pr farmer, left schl early and went t wrk in a factry, fr educatin was fr the rich then. S, the wrld became his schl. With great interest, he read everything he culd lay his hands n, listened t the twn elders and learned abut the wrld beynd his tiny hmetwn. "There’s s much t learn," he’d say. "Thugh we’re brn stupid, nly the stupid remain that way. " He was determined that nne f his children wuld be denied (拒绝) an educatin.
Thus, Papa insisted that we learn at least ne new thing each day. Thugh, as children, we thught this was crazy, it wuld never have ccurred t us t deny Papa a request. And dinner time seemed perfect fr sharing what we had learned. We wuld talk abut the news f the day; n matter hw insignificant, it was never taken lightly. Papa wuld listen carefully and was ready with sme cmment, always t the pint.
Then came the mment—the time t share the day’s new learning.
Papa, at the head f the table, wuld push back his chair and pur a glass f red wine, ready t listen.
"Felice," he’d say, "tell me what yu learned tday. "
"I learned that the ppulatin f Nepal is "
Silence.
Papa was thinking abut what was said, as if the salvatin f the wrld wuld depend upn it. "The ppulatin f Nepal. Hmm. Well…" he’d say. "Get the map; let’s see where Nepal is. " And the whle family went n a search fr Nepal.
This same experience was repeated until each family member had a turn. Dinner ended nly after we had a clear understanding f at least half a dzen such facts.
As children, we thught very little abut these educatinal wnders. Our family, hwever, was grwing tgether, sharing experiences and participating in ne anther’s educatin. And by lking at us, listening t us, respecting ur input, affirming(肯定) ur value, giving us a sense f dignity, Papa was unquestinably ur mst influential teacher.
Later during my training as a future teacher, I studied with sme f the mst famus educatrs. They were imparting(传授) what Papa had knwn all alng—the value f cntinual learning. His technique has served me well all my life. Nt a single day has been wasted, thugh I can never tell when knwing the ppulatin f Nepal might prve useful.
60.What d we knw frm the first paragraph?
A.The authr’s father was brn in a wrker’s family.
B.Thse brn stupid culd nt change their life.
C.The twn elders wanted t learn abut the wrld.
D.The pr culd hardly affrd schl educatin.
61.The underlined wrd "it" in the secnd paragraph refers t "___________".
A. ne new thingB. a requestC. the newsD. sme cmment
62.It can be learned frm the passage that the authr___________.
A.enjyed talking abut news
B.knew very well abut Nepal
C.felt regret abut thse wasted days
D. appreciated his father’s educatinal technique
63.What is the greatest value f "dinner time" t the authr?
A. Cntinual learning.B. Shwing talents.
C. Family get-tgether.D. Winning Papa’s apprval.
64.The authr’s father can be best described as___________.
A.an educatr expert at training future teachers
B.a parent insistent n his children’s educatin
C.a participant willing t share his knwledge
D.a teacher strict abut everything his students did
【解析】
试题分析：考查记叙文阅读。本文是一篇记叙文，通过对父亲的教育方式的描写，表达了作者对于父亲的敬爱。
60.D细节理解题。根据第一段第一句最后半句，fr educatin was fr the rich then. S, the wrld became his schl.因为教育是对有钱人开放的，所以世界城了爸爸的学校。可以推断出作为一个穷人的爸爸付不起学费，故选D
63.A分析推断题。根据最后一段倒数第二句His technique has served me well all my life. 他的教育方式使我受用终生。而该句前一句中又提到父亲的教育方式就是持续性的教育，故选A
64.B分析推断题。从全文来看，我们可以知道父亲的教育方针就是让我们持续性的学习，故可以知道父亲是一个坚持着教育孩子的人。故选B
Passage 10
【2015年广东卷】Peter lved t shp used articles. Almst a mnth ag, he bught a ppular wrd game that used little pieces f wd with different letters n them. As he was purchasing it, the salesgirl said, "Oh, lk, the game bx hasn’t even been pened yet. That might be wrth sme mney."
Peter examined the bx and, sure enugh, it was cmpletely cvered in factry-sealed plastic. And he saw a date f 1973 n the back f the bx.
"Yu shuld put that up fr auctin(拍卖)n the Internet, and see what happens," the salesgirl said.
"Yes, yu’re right. Peple like smething rare," Peter agreed. "I can’t imagine there being very many unpened bxes f this game still arund 40 years later."
"Dn’t frget t tell me if yu sell it," the salesgirl smiled.
"N prblem," Peter said.
After he gt hme, Peter went nline t several auctin websites lking fr his game. But he culdn’t find it. Then he typed in the name f the wrd game and hit Search. The search result was 543 websites cntaining infrmatin abut the changes f the game. Over the years, the game had been prduced using letters in different sizes and game bards in different clrs. He als fund sme lists f game fans lking fr varius versins f the game. Peter emailed sme f them, telling them what he had.
Tw weeks later, Peter went back t the shp.
"Hell. D yu still remember the unpened wrd game?"
The salesgirl lked at him fr a secnd, then recgnized him and said, "Oh, hi!"
"I’ve gt smething fr yu, "Peter said. "I sld the game and made$1,000. Thank yu fr yur suggestin." He handed her three$100 bills.
"Ww!" the salesgirl cried ut. "Thank yu. I never expected it."
26.Which f the fllwing best describes Peter’s wrd game?
A. It was made arund 40 years ag.
B. It had game bards in different sizes.
C. It was kept in a plastic bag with a seal.
D. It had little pieces f wd in different clrs.
27.What did the salesgirl prbably think f Peter’s wrd game?
A. Old and handy.B. Rare and valuable.
C. Classic and attractive.D. Clrful and interesting.
28.Peter gt the names f the game fans frm _________.
A.an auctinB. the InternetC. a game shpD. the secnd-hand shp
29.What happened at the end f the stry?
A. Peter gave the girl $300 as a reward.
B. The salesgirl became Peter’s friend.
C. Peter returned the wrd game fr $1,000.
D. The salesgirl felt cnfused t see Peter again.
30.What is the main theme f the stry?
A. It’s imprtant t keep a prmise.
B. It’s great t share in ther peple’s happiness.
C. We shuld be grateful fr the help frm thers.
D. Smething rare is wrth a large amunt f mney.
【解析】
试题分析：本文叙述了Peter在听从了一位女销售员的建议，买了一个旧的游戏盒子，并到网上拍卖。结果他挣了1000美元。为了感激这位女销售员，他给了她300美元做为回报。
26. A细节理解题。根据“I can’t imagine there being very many unpened bxes f this game still arund 40 years later.”可知这个游戏盒子大约在40年前制造的。故选A。
29. A 细节理解题。根据Peter said,“ I sld the game and made $1000.Thank yu fr yur suggestin,”He handed her three $100 bills.可知Bill感谢这位女销售员的建议，给了她300美元作为回报。故选A。
30. C推理判断题。全文围绕着Peter听了女销售员的建议，买了这个游戏盒，赚了钱，为了表示感谢，他给了这位女销售员300美元作为回报。故推断这个故事的主题是我们应该感激别人的帮助。故选C。
Passage 11
【2015年广东卷】When I was nine years ld, I lved t g fishing with my dad. But the nly thing that wasn’t very fun abut it was that he culd catch many fish while I culdn’t catch anything. I usually gt pretty upset and kept asking him why. He always answered, "Sn, if yu want t catch a fish, yu have t think like a fish." I remember being even mre upset then because, "I’m nt a fish!" I didn’t knw hw t think like a fish. Besides, I reasned, hw culd what I think influence what a fish des?
As I gt a little lder I began t understand what my dad really meant. S, I read sme bks n fish. And I even jined the lcal fishing club and started attending the mnthly meetings. I learned that a fish is a cld-blded animal and therefre is very sensitive t water temperature. That is why fish prefer shallw water t deep water because the frmer is warmer. Besides, water is usually warmer in direct sunlight than in the shade. Yet, fish dn’t have any eyelids(眼皮) and the sun hurts their eyes... The mre I understd fish, the mre I became effective at finding and catching them.
When I grew up and entered the business wrld, I remember hearing my first bss say, "We all need t think like salespeple." But it didn’t cmpletely make sense. My dad never nce said, "If yu want t catch a fish yu need t think like a fisherman." What he said was, "Yu need t think like a fish." Years later, with great effrts t prmte lng-term services t peple much lder and richer than me, I gradually learned what we all need is t think mre like custmers. It is nt an easy jb. I will shw yu hw in the fllwing chapters.
31.Why was the authr upset in the fishing trips when he was nine?
A. He culd nt catch a fish.
B. His father was nt patient with him.
C. His father did nt teach him fishing.
D. He culd nt influence a fish as his father did.
32.What did the authr’s father really mean?
A. T read abut fish.B. T learn fishing by neself.
C. T understand what fish think.D. T study fishing in many ways.
33.Accrding t the authr, fish are mst likely t be fund .
A.in deep water n sunny daysB.in deep water n cludy days
C.in shallw water under sunlightD.in shallw water under waterside trees
34.After entering the business wrld, the authr fund .
A.it easy t think like a custmer
B. his father’s fishing advice inspiring
C. his first bss’s sales ideas reasnable
D.it difficult t sell services t pr peple
35.This passage mst likely cmes frm .
A. a fishing guide B. a ppular sales bk
C. a nvel n childhdD. a millinaire’s bigraphy
32. D推理判断题。根据The mre I understd fish, the mre I became effective at finding and catching them.“我越了解鱼，我越能有效的找到鱼，抓住鱼”可知此处父亲的意思是要我了解钓鱼的方法，故选D。
33. D推理判断题。根据That is why fish prefer shallw water t deep water可知鱼喜欢在浅水里，不喜欢在深水里，故排除AB两项。根据water is usually warmer in direct sunlight than in the shade. Yet, fish dn’t have any eyelids（眼皮）and the sun hurts their eyes.可知鱼喜欢呆在阴凉处，不喜欢呆在阳光直射的地方，故排除C项。D项水边树下的浅水处，是鱼喜欢呆的地方，故此处更有可能发现鱼。故选D。
Passage 12
【2015年湖北卷】“I see yu’ve gt a bit f water n yur cat,” said the man at the petrl statin. “Is it raining ut there?””N, it’s pretty nice,” I replied, checking my sleeve. “Oh, right. A pny(马驹) bit me earlier.”
As it happened, the bite was virtually painless: mre the kind f small bite yu might get frm a naughty child. The pny respnsible was queuing up fr sme ice cream in the car park near Haytr, and perhaps thught I’d jumped in ahead f him.
The reasn why the pnies here are naughty is that Haytr is a turist-heavy area and turists are cnstantly feeding the pnies fds, despite signs asking them nt t. By feeding the pnies, turists increase the risk f them getting hit by a car, and make them harder t gather during the area’s annual pny drift(迁移).
The purpse f a pny drift is t gather them up s their health can be checked, the baby nes can be stpped frm feeding n their mther’s milk, and thse wh’ve gne beynd their limited area can be returned t their crrect area. Sme f them are als later sld, in rder t limit the number f pnies accrding t the rules set by Natural England.
Three weeks ag, I witnessed a small near-disaster a few miles west f here. While walking, I nticed a pny rll ver n his back. “Hell!” I said t him, assuming he was just rlling fr fun, but he was very still and, as I gt clser, I saw him kicking his legs in the air and breathing heavily. I began t prperly wrry abut him. Frtunately, I managed t get in tuch with a Dartmr’s Livestck Prtectin fficer and send her a pht. The fficer immediately sent a lcal farmer ut t check n the pny. The pny had actually been trapped between tw rcks. The farmer freed him, and he began t run happily arund again.
Dartmr has 1,000 r s pnies, wh play a critical rle in creating the diversity f species in this area. Many peple are wrking hard t preserve these pnies, and trying t cme up with plans t find a sustainable(可持续的) future fr ne f Dartmr’s mst financially-trubled elements.
51. Why are turists asked nt t feed the pnies?
A. T prtect the turists frm being bitten
B. T keep the pnies ff the petrl statin
C. T avid putting the pnies in danger
D. T prevent the pnies frm fighting
52. One f the purpses f the annual pny drift is ______________.
A. t feed baby pnies n milk
B. t cntrl the number f pnies
C. t expand the habitat fr pnies
D. t sell the pnies at a gd price
53. What as the authr’s first reactin when he saw a pny rll n its back?
A. He freed it frm the trap
B. He called a prtectin fficer
C. He wrried abut it very much
D. He thught f it as being naughty
54. What des the authr imply abut the preservatin f Dartmr’s pnies?
A. It lacks peple’s invlvement.
B. It csts a large amunt f mney
C. It will affect turism in Dartmr.
D. It has caused an imbalance f species
【解析】
试题分析：这是一篇夹叙夹议文。本文记叙了作者在Haytr关于马驹的所见所闻，目睹了马驹的淘气与脆弱，了解了马驹迁徙的原因以及保护马驹面临的困难。
53. D细节理解题。根据第五段中的“…, assuming he was just rlling fr fun,…”可知作者认为小马驹很淘气，滚着玩的。故选D项。
54. B推理判断题。根据最后一段中尾句“Many peple are wrking hard t preserve these pnies, and trying t cme up with plans t find a sustainable(可持续的) future fr ne f Dartmr’s mst financially-trubled elements.”可知保护马驹是对Dartmr来说是一笔很大的开销。故选B项。
【考点定位】夹叙夹议文阅读
【名师点睛】夹叙夹议文是近几年高考经常涉及的一类文体，文章一方面叙述事情，另一方面又对事情加以评论，此类文章一般先提出论点，然后以事例说明论点，最后得出结论，或者一边叙述事情经过，一边对事情加以分析评论，文章最后一段用一句概括性的话点明主题，将叙述和议论有机地结合起来，其中“叙”是“议”的基础，“议”是“叙”的渗透和延伸。考生要注意在通读全文的基础上弄清文章结构，阅读时重点要放在议论部分，因为该部分表达了作者的观点或看法，是文章的精髓。理解了作者的观点和看法，也就把握了全文的主要内容。本文难度不大，通过作者与小马的“亲密接触”介绍了英国达特穆尔荒原淘气的矮种马，散发出浓浓的英伦风。
Passage 13
【2015年湖北卷】What Theresa Le is ding prves that a large farm isn’t a prerequisite fr a mdern grw-yur-wn lifestyle. On a mere 1/10 f an acre in Ls Angeles, Le and her family grw, can（装罐）and preserve much f the fd they cnsume.
Le is a master fd preserver, gardener and canning expert. She als perates a website, where she shares her tips and recipes, with the gal f demnstrating that everyne has the ability t cntrl what’s n their plate.
Le initially went t schl t becme an engineer, but she quickly learned that her enthusiasm was mainly abut grwing and preparing her wn fd. “I gt int cking my wn fd and started grwing my wn herbs (香草) and fds fr that fresh flavr,”she said. Engineer by day, Le learned cking at night schl. She ultimately purchased a small piece f land with her husband and began grwing their wn fds.
“I teach peple hw t live farm-fresh withut a farm,” Le said. Thrugh her website Le emphasizes that “anybdy can d this anywhere.” Gt an apartment with a balcny （阳台）? Plant sme herbs. A windw? Perfect spt fr grwing. Start with herbs, she recmmends, because “they’re very frgiving.” Just a little f the herbs “can take yur regular cking t a whle new level,” she added. “I think it’s a great place t start.” “Then? Try grwing smething frm a seed, she said, like a tmat r sme tea.”
Canning is a natural extensin f the planting she des. With every planted fd, Le nted, there’s a mment when it’s bursting with its abslute peak flavr. “I try and keep it in a time capsule in a canning jar,” Le said. “Canning fr me is abut knwing what’s in yur fd, knwing where it cmes frm.”
In additin t being mre in tuch with the fd she’s eating, anther jy cmes frm passing this knwledge and this desire fr gd fd t her children: “Influencing them and telling them yur pinin n nt nly being careful what we eat but understanding the bigger picture,” she said, “that if we dn’t take care f the earth, n ne will.”
55.The underlined wrd “prerequisite” (Pare. 1) is clsest in meaning t “______”.
A. recipe B. substitute C. requirement D. challenge
56.Why des Le suggest starting with herbs?
A. They are used daily.
B. They are easy t grw.
C. They can grw very tall
D. They can be eaten uncked
57.Accrding t Le, what is the benefit f canning her planted fds?
A. It can preserve their best flavr
B. It can prmte her nline sales
C. It can better her cking skills
D. It can imprve their nutritin
58.What is the“the bigger picture” (Para. 6) that Le wishes her children t understand?
A. The knwledge abut gd fd
B. The way t live a grw-ur-wn life
C. The jy f getting in tuch with fds
D. The respnsibility t prtect ur earth
56.B细节理解题。根据第四段中“Start with herbs… Just a little f the herbs …”可知香草很容易生长。故选B项。
57.A细节理解题。根据第五段中“there is a mment when it’s bursting with its abslute peak flavr. ‘I try t keep it in a time capsule in a canning jar,’”可知将种植的事物装入密封罐中保存的好处是能够保持最佳的风味。故选A项。
58.D词义猜测题。根据最后一段中尾句“that if we dn’t take care f the earth, n ne will”可知the bigger picture指的是保护地球的责任。故选D项。
Passage 14
【2015年陕西卷】When the dg named Judy sptted the first sheep in her life, she did what cmes naturally. The fur-year-ld dg set ff racing after the sheep acrss several fields and, being a city animal, lst bth her sheep and her sense f directin. Then she ran alng the edge f a cliff(悬崖) and fell 100 feet, buncing ff a rck int the sea.
Her wner Mike Hlden panicked and called the castguard f Crnwall, wh turned up in secnds. Six vlunteers slid dwn the cliff with the help f a rpe but gave up all hpe f finding her alive after a 90-minute search.
Three days later, a hurricane hit the cast near Crnwall. Mr. Hlden returned hme frm his hliday upset and cnvinced his pet was dead. He cmfrted himself with the thught she had died in the mst beautiful part f the cuntry.
Fr the next tw weeks, the Hldens were heartbrken. Then, ne day, the phne rang and Steve Tregear, the castguard f Crnwall, asked Hlden if he wuld like his dg back.
A birdwatcher, armed with a telescpe, fund the pet sitting desperately n a rck. While he sunded the alarm, a student frm Leeds climbed dwn the cliff t cllect Judy.
The dg had initially been kncked uncnscius(失去知觉的) but had survived by drinking water frm a fresh stream at the base f the cliff. She may have fed n the bdy f a sheep which had als fallen ver the edge. "The dg was very thin and hungry, "Steve Tregear said. "It was a very lucky dg. She survived because f a plentiful supply f fresh water," he added.
It was, as Mr. Hlden admitted, "a minr miracle(奇迹)".
50.The dg Judy fell dwn the cliff when she was .
A. rescuing her wnerB. caught in a hurricane
C. blcked by a rckD. running after a sheep
51.Wh sptted Judy after the accident?
A.A birdwatcher.B.A student frm Leeds.
C. Six vlunteers.D. The castguard f Crnwall.
52.What can we infer frm the text?
A. Peple like t travel with their pets.
B. Judy was taken t the fields fr hunting.
C. Luck plays a vital rle in Judy’s survival.
D. Hlden cared little where Judy was buried.
53.Which f the fllwing can be the best title fr the text?
A. Miracle f the Castguard.B. Surviving a Hurricane.
C. Dangers in the Wild.D. Cming Back frm the Dead.
【解析】
试题分析：文章介绍是叫Judy的狗在追赶一只羊的时候，从悬崖上掉下来。主人努力寻找几个小时无果，以为它已经死去就放弃了，结果几天后，意外得到消息，狗还活着。真是很幸运的事情。
52.细节理解题。根据文章第六段的句子：It was a very lucky dg. She survived because f a plentiful supply f fresh water.可知在Judy的事故中运气起着至关重要的作用。故选C。
53.主旨大意题。根据文章的内容可知介绍一只狗掉到悬崖下面死里逃生的经历，所以用Cming Back frm the Dead比较合适。故选D。
Passage 15
【2015年四川卷】Nthing culd stp Dad. After he was put n disability fr a bad back, he bught a small farm in the cuntry, just enugh t grw fd fr the family. He planted vegetables, fruit trees and even kept bees fr hney.
And every week he cleaned Old Man McClgin's chicken huse in exchange fr manure(肥料). The smell really burned the inside f yur nse. When we cmplained abut the terrible smell, Dad said the strnger the manure, the healthier the crps, and he was right. Fr example, just ne f his cantalupes filled the entire huse with its sweet smell, and the taste was even sweeter.
As the vegetables started cming in, Dad threw himself int cking. One day, armed with a basket f vegetables, he annunced he was ging t make stew(炖菜).Dad pulled ut a pressure cker and filled it up with cabbages, eggplants, ptates, crns, nins and carrts. Fr abut half an hur, the pressure built and the vegetables cked. Finally, Dad turned ff the stve, the pt began t cl and the pressure relief valve sprayed ut a clud f steam. If we thught Dad's pile f chicken manure was bad, this was 10 times wrse. When Dad tk ff the lid, the smell nearly kncked us ut.
Dad carried the pt ut and we pened drs and windws t air ut the huse. Just hw bad was it? The neighbrs came ut f their huses t see if we had a gas leak!
Determined, Dad filled ur plates with steaming stew and passed them arund. It didn’t lk that bad, and after the first wave had shut dwn my ability t smell, it didn’t ffend the nse s much, either. I tk a taste. It wuld never win a prize in a cking cmpetitin, but it was surprisingly edible, and we drank up every last drp f sup.
34. Why did Dad clean Old Man MClgin’s chicken huse regularly?
A. T earn sme mney fr the family.
B. T cllect manure fr his crps.
C. T get rid f the terrible smell.
D. T set a gd example t us.
35. What can we infer abut Dad’s stew?
A. It is ppular amng the neighbrs.
B. It cntains hney and vegetables.
C. It lks very wnderful.
D. It tastes quite delicius.
36. What des the underlined wrd “ffend” in the last paragraph mean?
A. T attract
B. T upset
C. T air
D. T shut
37. What can we learn abut Dad frm the text?
A. He is an experienced ck.
B. He is a trublesme father.
C. He has a psitive attitude t life.
D. He suffers a lt frm his disability.
【解析】
试题分析：本文主要讲述了作者的父亲买了一个小农场，在里面种满了各种蔬菜、果树甚至还养了蜜蜂。
但作者的父亲收获的时候，他炖了一锅蔬菜，闻到味道时，作者和其他人觉得烧得很糟糕，但是最后全部都吃光了。
36.B 词义判断题。根据文章上文的the first wave had shut dwn my ability t smell,可知，此处指的是鼻子闻不到那种味道，故选择B，意为搅乱。
37.C 推理判断题。根据文章内容可知，父亲在背部受伤后，不愿意休息，而是自己经营着小农场，而且在收货后，还自创菜，故选择C最为恰当，指父亲对于生活有着积极的态度。
Passage 16
【2015年天津卷】One day when I was 12, my mther gave me an rder: I was t walk t the public library, and brrw at least ne bk fr the summer. This was ne mre weapn fr her t defeat my strange prblem — inability t read.
In the library, I fund my way int the “Children’s Rm.” I sat dwn n the flr and pulled a few bks ff the shelf at randm. The cver f a bk caught my eye. It presented a picture f a beagle. I had recently had a beagle, the first and nly animal cmpanin I ever had as a child. He was my secret sharer, but ne mrning, he was gne, given away t smene wh had the space and the mney t care fr him. I never frgt my beagle.
There n the bk’s cver was a beagle which lked identical (相同的)t my dg. I ran my fingers ver the picture f the dg n the cver. My eyes ran acrss the title, Ams, the Beagle with a Plan. Unknwingly, I had read the title. Withut pening the bk, I brrwed it frm the library fr the summer.
Under the shade f a bush, I started t read abut Ams. I read very, very slwly with difficulty. Thugh pages were turned slwly, I gt the main idea f the stry abut a dg wh, like mine, had been separated frm his family and wh finally fund his way back hme. That dg was my dg, and I was the little by in the bk. At the end f the stry, my mind cntinued the final scene f reunin, n and n, until my wn lst dg and I were, in my mind, running tgether.
My mther’s call returned me t the real wrld. I suddenly realized smething: I had read a bk, and I had lved reading that bk. Everyne knew I culd nt read. But I had read it. Bks culd be incredibly wnderful and I was ging t read them.
I never tld my mther abut my “miraculus” (奇迹般的) experience that summer, but she saw a slw but remarkable imprvement in my classrm perfrmance during the next year. And years later, she was prud that her sn had read thusands f bks, was awarded a PhD in literature, and authred his wn bks, articles, petry and fictin. The pwer f the wrds has held.
46. The authr’s mther tld him t brrw a bk in rder t___________.
A. encurage him t d mre walking
B. let him spend a meaningful summer
C. help cure him f his reading prblem
D. make him learn mre abut weapns
47. The bk caught the authr’s eye because____________.
A. it cntained pretty pictures f animals
B. it reminded him f his wn dg
C. he fund its title easy t understand
D. he liked children’s stries very much
48. Why culd the authr manage t read the bk thrugh?
A. He was frced by his mther t read it.
B. He identified with the stry in the bk.
C. The bk tld the stry f his pet dg.
D. The happy ending f the stry attracted him.
49. What can be inferred frm the last paragraph?
A. The authr has becme a successful writer.
B. The authr’s mther read the same bk.
C. The authr’s mther rewarded him with bks.
D. The authr has had happy summers ever since.
50. Which ne culd be the best title f the passage?
A. The Charm f a BkB. Mum’s Strict Order
C. Reunin with My BeagleD. My Passin fr Reading
【解析】
试题分析：文章大意：文章讲述了作者从一名阅读困难的孩子到最终成为一名成功的作家的故事，告诉我们书本的魅力。
46. C细节理解题。根据文章第一段最后一句This was ne mre weapn fr her t defeat my strange prblem — inability t read.可知母亲让他借书看是为了治愈他的阅读问题。故选C。
49. A 推理判断题。根据最后一段And years later, she was prud that her sn had read thusands f bks, was awarded a PhD in literature, and authred his wn bks, articles, petry and fictin.可以判断出作者最终成为一名成功的作家。故选A。
50. A 主旨大意题。文章讲述了作者从一名阅读困难的孩子到最终成为一名成功的作家的故事，从而展现给我们书本的魅力。故选A。