初三暑假英语预习讲义 第11讲 Unit3 Sports and Fitness 核心单词知识句型（学生版）

这是一份初三暑假英语预习讲义 第11讲 Unit3 Sports and Fitness 核心单词知识句型（学生版），共10页。学案主要包含了2022年浙江卷6月等内容，欢迎下载使用。

核心单词讲解
清单一----词表词汇速记 （限时25分钟）
1. set an example 树立榜样
set an example t/fr sb 给某人树立榜样
fllw ne's example 效仿某人；以某人为榜样
example 以……为例
fr example/instance 例如
eg. We Chinese peple are all called n t learn frm Lei Feng, wh we think sets an example t us all. 我们中国人都被号召向雷锋学习，我们认为他为我们树立了榜样。
hnur（又作hnr）n.荣誉；尊敬；荣幸
● It's an hnur fr sb t d sth 对某人来说做某事很荣幸
feel it an hnur t d sth 为做某事感到荣幸
in hnur f...向……表示敬意；为纪念……
● be/feel hnured t d sth 做某事感到荣幸
● hnurable adj.可敬的；体面的
hnured adj.受尊敬的
eg.Last but nt least,I feel it a great hnur t represent my class t take part in the grup dancing cmpetitin.
最后但同等重要的是，代表我们班参加团体舞比赛，我感到很荣幸。
determinatin n.决心；决定
● with determinatin 有决心
● determine vt.决定；确定；下决心；影响
determine t d sth 决定做某事
determine n/upn（ding）sth 决定（做）某事
● determined adj.有决心的
be determined t d sth 决心做某事（表示状态）
【联想】 “决定做某事”表达还有∶
①decide t d sth ②make a decisin t d sth
③make up ne's mind t d sth
injure vt.使受伤；损害（hurt）
● injured adj.受伤的；有伤的
get injured 受伤
the injured 伤员
● injury n.伤害；损伤
d an injury t sb 伤害某人
5. lse heart 丧失信心；泄气
lse ne's heart t 某人倾心于……；爱上……
put ne's heart int 某人专心于……
heart and sul全心全意；完全地
heart 记忆；背诵
eg. In n sense shuld yu lse heart; keep trying and yu will make it sner r later. 决不应丧失信心；继续努力，你迟早会成功的。
6.strength n.力量；体力；强项，优势（advantage）
● have the strength t d sth 有力量/意志做某事
build up ne's strength/bdy增强某人的体力
strengths and weaknesses 优势和劣势
● strng adj，强壮的；坚强的
strengthen vt，& vi，加强；巩固；增强
【联想】 -en 后缀高频动词集锦；
①shrten 缩短 ②deepen 加深 ③widen 加宽 ④braden 加宽 ⑤lighten 减轻 ⑥brighten 变亮
7.failure n.失败；失败的人（或事物）
● end in failure 以失败而告终
heart failure 心脏衰竭
● fail vi.失败
fail t d sth 没做成某事
【反义】 success n.成功；succeed v.成功
eg. As the ld saying ges,failure is the mther f success. 俗话说，失败是成功之母。
8.give up放弃；投降
give in 屈服；投降；让步；上交
give ut 分配；分发；用光；筋疲力尽
give ff放出；发出（光、热、气味或气体等）
give away 赠送；泄露；出卖
give back归还
【同义】 desert，quit，abandn
cmpete vi.竞争；对抗
● cmpete in 参加……比赛；在……方面竞争
cmpete with与……竞争
cmpete fr 为……而竞争
cmpete 为争取……而与……竞争/对抗
● cmpetitin n.比赛；竞争
cmpetitive adj.竞争的；有竞争力的
cmpetitr n.竞争者；对手
【联想】 “比赛”的表达还有∶match，cntest，game，turnament
make sense 有道理；合乎情理；表述清楚
● make sense f 理解；明白
make n sense 没道理；没意义
● in a sense 在某一方面；就某种意义来说
in n sense 决不（位于句首时用部分倒装）
● there is n sense/pint in ding sth 做某事没意义
【联想】 “决不”位于句首部分倒装短语荟萃；
in n way, in n case, by n means, n n cnditin, at n time,
n n accunt,under/in n circumstances
pretend vi.& vt.假装；装扮
pretend t be十名词/形容词 假装是……
pretend t d sth 假装做某事
pretend t be ding sth 假装正在做某事
pretend t have dne sth 假装已经做了某事
pretend that 从句 假装……
【联想】 后接 t d/t be ding/t have dne 的动词还有∶happen，appear，seem，claim等。
12.diet n.规定饮食；日常饮食
vi.节食
g n a diet 节食，控制饮食（表动作）
be n a diet 在节食（表状态）
a balanced/healthy diet 均衡的/健康的饮食
eg. Keeping a balanced diet and taking exercise regularly are recgnized as a healthy lifestyle. 均衡饮食和经常锻炼被认为是一种健康的生活方式。
13.make a difference有作用或影响
●make a difference t 对……有作用或影响
make sme/n/little difference（t..）（对……）有/没有/很少有作用或影响
● tell the difference（）辨别/区分（……与……）
eg. Only when we match ur wrds with actins can we make a difference in whatever we hpe t accmplish. 只有我们言行一致才能对我们希望完成的事情有所贡献。
14.rather than 而不是
● wuld rather d sth than d sth
wuld d sth rather than d sth 宁愿……而不愿……
prefer t d sth rather than d sth
● ther than 不同于；除了……外
mre than 多于；不仅仅；非常
r rather更确切地说
【点拨】 rather than 连接两个主语时，谓语动词的单复数应与前面的主语保持一致，即"就远原则"。
cut….ut停止做（或使用、食用）；剪下
cut ff中止；切掉；使隔绝
cut up 切碎
cut dwn 砍倒；削减；删节；缩小（尺寸、数量等）
cut in 插嘴；打断（谈话）；插入
eg. If yu cut ut fat and sugar in yur fds, yu will be much slimmer. 如果你的食物中没有脂肪和糖的摄入，你就会更苗条。
与……比较
cmpare…t…把……比喻为……
cmpared with/t（独立成分作状语）和……相比较
cmpare ntes with sb与某人交换意见
eg. Michael's new huse is like a huge palace, cmpared with his ld ne. 迈克尔的新房子和他的旧房子相比，就像一个巨大的宫殿。
17.stress n.压力（pressure）；紧张；强调；重音
vt.强调；重读；使焦虑不安 vi.焦虑不安
● under stress 在压力下
relieve stress 缓解压力
put/place/lay stress n/upn 强调；着重于
stress ut 焦虑不安；疲惫不堪
● stressful adj.有压力的（指物）
stressed adj.感到有压力的（指人）
eg. As has been stressed many times, learning English well is f great imprtance t yur career develpment in the future.
正如我们多次强调的，学好英语对你未来的职业发展是非常重要的。
Actually,a lt f teenagers in China are under great stress.
事实上，中国很多青少年都承受着巨大的压力。
I think the cmpany places t much stress n cst and nt enugh n quality. 我认为公司对成本强调有余，而对质量重视不足。
二、重点词块速记
at hme and abrad国内外
cme alng 跟随；到达；进步；赶快
make it 获得成功；准时到达
4.fall apart 破裂；破碎；崩溃
5.because f heart prblems 因为心脏问题
6.a big challenge 一个巨大挑战
7.stand still站着不动；静止不动
8.the secret t his success 他成功的秘诀
9.learn frm his failures 从失败中吸取教训
10.nw and then 有时；偶尔
11.be psitive abut myself and my bdy 对我自己和我的身体积极自信
12.track-and-field lvers 田径爱好者
13.cmpare myself with actresses and mdels
把自己与女演员和模特比较
an e-sprts event 一个电子竞技活动
hst the Yuth Ski Race 主办青少年滑雪比赛
16.sweat yur way t gd health 流汗是健康之道
17.lse weight 减肥
18.it's up t yu 由你决定
19.bring hnur and glry t her cuntry给她的国家带来名誉和荣耀
20.wrk tgether as a team 齐心协力
三、重点句型剖析
1.Lsing tw imprtant players was a big challenge,but Lang Ping did nt lse heart.
（v.-ing形式作主语） 失去两位重要的运动员是一个巨大的挑战，但郎平并没有灰心。
2.The Bys and Girls Club which he started in Chicag has been helping yung peple since 1996.（have/has been ding 现在完成进行时）他在芝加哥所创建的"男孩女孩俱乐部"从1996 年至今一直在帮助年轻人。
3.A sccer player shuld nt pretend t fall dwn even if it helps his/her team.
(even if 引导让步状语从句） 尽管这对他/她的球队有帮助，足球运动员也不应该假装摔倒。
4.Jrdan says that the secret t his success is learning frm his failures.(the secret t... is………的秘诀是……）
乔丹说他成功的秘诀是从失败中学习。
5.They must be athletes wh are masters in their sprts and als set gd examples fr thers.（人物描写）
他们必须是他们（各自的）运动领域的高手，而且为其他人树立了很好的榜样。
In the final secnds f a game,Jrdan always seemed t find a way t win.
在一场比赛的最后几秒，乔丹似乎总能找到获胜的方法。
句型公式|sb/sth seems/seemed+不定式
（1）“主语＋seem＋不定式”意为“看起来……，好像……”；其中 seem 与不定式一起构成复合谓语。
（2）It seems＋that从句
（3）主语＋seem（t be）＋表语（＋t d）用于说明主语的特征或状态，表语多为名词或形容词。
（4）It seems as if/as thugh….看起来好像……
（5）There seem t be+名词
seem的单复数形式要根据后面名词的单复数形式而定。
①It seems that Mary has changed a lt since she went t university.
→Mary seems t have changed a lt since she went t university.
自从上大学以来，玛丽似乎改变了很多。
②It seems difficult t learn s many new wrds by heart in a shrt time.
似乎很难在短时间内把这么多生词背下来。
③It seems t be human nature t wrry. 忧虑似乎是人的天性。
④There seems t be n hpe that business will get better. 生意似乎没有好转的希望。
考点一、核心单词语法填空
Physical （fit）has nw becme an imprtant element in ur lives.
If yu apprach each f yur challenges with creativity then yur life will be filled adventures.
We recmmend （bk）tickets early, as this is a ppular event.
I didn't think I culd ever get used t （live）in a big city after living in the cuntry.
We had t keep track ur belngings, and if smething was lst, it was nt replaced ．
We always believe that every （hnr）custmer is very imprtant.
The success r （fail）f the plan depends n yu.
Climbing Munt Huang had been my dream, but it was nt until last mnth that I managed t make .
There must be smething happened t him, but we dn’t knw what it is.
It may take a few weeks fr yu t build up yur （strng）again.
11. Even in a weak ecnmy, businesses still cmpete talent.
12. We carefully cmpared the first reprt the secnd ne.
13. She pretends （be）interested in pera, but it's nly fr shw.
14. There is nw intense （cmpete）between schls t attract students.
15. Her husband became much （psitive）than befre and was sn back in full-time emplyment.
16. There are （similar）and differences between the teaching f the mther tngue and a freign language.
17. But I d believe that emtins can and shuld play a rle decisin-making.
18. Peple feel mre and mre （cheat） and get mre and mre angry.
9. When I g n diet, I eat nly fruit, and that takes ff weight quickly.
考点二、重点词块选词填空
The plan will if there is nt enugh financial supprt.
He t all f us by risking his life t save the drwning by.
The three parties will meet next mnth t remaining differences.
When things aren't ging well, he encurages me, telling me nt t .
He is unable t tday's basketball game because f his ft injury.
I’ll wrk at training,never give up and be ready fr the next chance that .
Whenever we are in truble, we must never , but try t think f the way ut.
I am used t reading China Daily every mrning, as it can keep me infrmed f the present events bth .

阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
【2022年浙江卷6月】T understand a painting, we’re taught t lk fr clr, cmpsitin, and light. But hw can a painting ___36___ (appreciate)by smene wh’s blind? Thrugh tuch, the ne thing gallery signs tell yu nt ___37___ (d). Jhn Olsn, a frmer ___38___ (phtgraph)and his team turn paintings int fully textured 3D mdels.
The tactile(可触知的)paintings wrk as a way t shw art t ___39___ blind because we dn’t see with just Our eyes: We see with ur brains. Research in the field f neurplasticity-the brain’s adaptability-shws that the visual crtex(大脑皮层)is made active by tuch. Blind peple recgnize shapes with their ___40___ (exist) senses, in a way similar t that f ___41___ (sight )peple, says Ella Striem-Amit, a Harvard scientist.
Luc Gandarias, wh’s nw thirteen, went blind suddenly ___42___ age seven. When he felt a 3D versin f Lenard da Vinci’s “Mna Lisa” he ___43___ (ntice)her smile right away. ”I can actually feel what yu see when yu lk at it,” he said.
Fr Luc, this means ___44___ (independent). "The feeling f being able t see it ___45___ t frm my pinin is like breaking dwn anther wall as a blind persn.”
一、完形填空
（湖北省鄂东南省级示范高中教育教学改革联盟学校2022-2023学年高一上学期期中联考）Recently my wife and I were flying acrss the cuntry and were abut t bard ur flight when a wman sitting acrss frm us at the gate had a medical episde.
I came back frm the restrm and sat dwn next t my wife, wh 1 t me and whispered “smething is 2 ”. The wman was slumping ver mre and mre and quickly lst 3 f her bdy. I jumped up and cruched in frnt f her, asking if she was kay.
I 4 myself as Dr. Je and asked her name. Let’s call her Jackie t prtect her 5 . I tld Miss Jackie that I’m a chirpractr, nt a medical dctr, but I’m here fr her t help in any way she needs.
In ne hand I 6 hers and with my ther hand I supprted her head, 7 asking what was happening. She revealed that she had a cnditin where, when her bdy is expsed t a lt f stress and stimulus, her bdy ges int a parasympathetic (副交感神经) verdrive.
Jackie 8 t me that she’s had this cnditin fr thirty years and will be “perfectly fine in just a bit”. She said she frgt her medical 9 at hme when she flew acrss the cuntry t visit her daughter and grandkids.
I asked her if she needed help sitting up and needed a wheelchair t bard the plane, t bth f which she said yes. I asked my wife t 10 a gate agent and request a wheelchair. I stayed behind t ensure Jackie 11 safely n bard, but due t sme 12 , the gate agent, and a manager, thught Jackie was having a strke (中风) .
I advcated fr Jackie, explaining that, despite her frgetting her papers, her cnditin will 13 ease. The emplyees f the airline agreed t let her bard with my assistance and, just like Jackie said, she was perfectly fine within merely twenty minutes. Frtunately, Jackie just needed smene t listen t her and fight fr her. Dn’t be 14 t reach ut t strangers and 15 . Everyne has their wn battles and struggles, smetimes we just need smene t care.
1．A．pulled verB．std upC．leaned inD．lked frward
2．A．amazingB．extremeC．challengingD．wrng
3．A．trackB．cntrlC．cntactD．pwer
4．A．viewedB．admiredC．intrducedD．pretended
5．A．identityB．detailC．persnalityD．grace
6．A．packedB．accmmdatedC．heldD．sheltered
7．A．cntentedlyB．frmallyC．awkwardlyD．carefully
8．A．explainedB．lecturedC．summarizedD．cmmented
9．A．registratin frmsB．applicatin frmsC．papersD．schedules
10．A．arrangeB．fetchC．cllectD．address
11．A．made itB．gt itC．bught itD．asked fr it
12．A．misinfrmatinB．miscmmunicatinC．misbehavirD．misadventure
13．A．graduallyB．finallyC．rapidlyD．impressively
14．A．afraidB．anxiusC．annyedD．curius
15．A．watch utB．wrk utC．check utD．help ut
二、阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（一个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。
（广东省佛山市顺德区第一中学2022-2023学年高一上学期新生入学考试）I am nw n my year abrad in Germany as part f my university curse. At the beginning f my time here, I had the chance t meet s many new peple and make lts f new 1 (friend). It is almst like 2 (start) a new life and can make yu feel nervus and lnely at first. But I knew that when I mved t Germany I had t be pen and friendly. This is 3 (certain) what I have dne since mving here and I have made sme great friends alng the way.
Next week a friend f 4 (I) is mving t Spain fr the next part f her year abrad. She will be living near a beach and have a lt f fun. But I am als 5 (cncern) abut her as she will have t start a new life in anther new cuntry. She said that she 6 (want) t g back in time very much.
In rder 7 (say) gdbye t her, a grup f friends and I had a surprise party. We made her a scrapbk (剪贴簿) with phts and memries f her time here s 8 she culd take it alng! We hpe that she has 9 wnderful time in Spain and that she will get alng well 10 her new classmates and settle int her new hme.目标 1
掌握重点单词和词块的用法。
目标 2
认识并运用重点句型。
set an example， give up, cme alng, at hme and abrad,
take part in, fall apart, lse heart, wrk ut