初三暑假英语预习讲义 第12讲 Unit4 Natural Disasters 核心单词知识句型（教师版）

这是一份初三暑假英语预习讲义 第12讲 Unit4 Natural Disasters 核心单词知识句型（教师版），共15页。学案主要包含了2022年全国乙卷，41题详解，42题详解，43题详解，44题详解，45题详解，46题详解，47题详解等内容，欢迎下载使用。

核心单词讲解
清单一----词表词汇速记 （限时25分钟）
1. rescue n.& vt.营救；救援（save）
● cme t ne's rescue 援救某人
rescue team 救援队
● ……把……从……营救出来
eg. It was with the help f the lcal guide that the muntain climber was rescued. 那位登山者是在当地向导的帮助下获救的。
damage vt.损害；破坏（destry/ruin）
n.损坏；损失
● cause/d damage t 对……造成损害
● damage ne's health 损害某人的健康
eg. We'd better get rid f the bad habit f smking,fr smking can d/cause damage t ur health.（倡议书）
我们最好改掉吸烟的坏习惯，因为吸烟对我们的健康有害。
affect vt.影响（influence）；
（疾病）侵袭；深深深打动（tuch/mve）
● be affected by 受……影响；被……打动
be affected with 感染……疾病
● affectin n.喜爱
eg. We were cnstantly affected by the stries f thse wh devted their lives t fighting against COVID-19. 我们不断被那些为抗击新冠肺炎献出生命的故事感动。
Affected with a serius disease,he was n lnger able t speak clearly and he knew there was n hpe f recvery.
由于患了一种严重的疾病，他说话不再清楚，他知道没有康复的希望。
（江苏卷书面表达）Apparently，blindly fl-lwing thers' advice will affect ur wn judgment. 显然，盲目听从别人的建议会影响我们自己的判断。
【形近】 effect n.结果；效应；作用；影响
ruin n.& vt.破坏；毁坏（destry）
●lie/be in ruins 成为废墟
be reduced t ruins 沦为废墟
● ruin neself毁掉自己；自取灭亡
ruin ne's health/fame 毁坏某人的健康/声誉
5. shck n.震惊；令人震惊的事；休克
vt.（使）震惊
● be a great shck t sb对某人来说是极大的震惊
in shck 震惊；吃惊
● shcked adj.震惊的；惊讶的
be shcked at 对……吃惊
● shcking adj.令人震惊的
【联想】 各种“惊讶”
①astnishing令人惊讶的 astnished 惊讶的
②amazing令人惊奇的 amazed 惊奇的
③surprising令人吃惊的 surprised吃惊的
6.bury vt，埋葬；安葬；掩埋；使沉浸；使专心
● be buried in=bury neself in 埋头于；专心于
● bury ne's face in ne's hands 双手掩面
【联想】 表示“专心于；致力于”的短语还有∶
①be absrbed in ②be engaged in ③be devted t ④be lst in ⑤be emplyed in ⑥apply neself t
effrt n.努力；艰难的尝试；尽力（attempt）
spare n effrt t d sth 不遗余力做某事
make an/every effrt t d sth 努力做某事
with effrt 费力地
eg. We'll spare n effrt t help yu, but yu must get prepared t meet all kinds f difficulties. 我们将竭尽全力帮助你，但你必须做好迎接各种困难的准备。
8. suffer vt.遭受；蒙受
vi.（因疾病、痛苦、悲伤等）受苦
● suffer pain/defeat/hardship/damage/lss 遭受痛苦/失败/艰难/破坏/损失
suffer frm 遭受；患病
● suffering n.痛苦；苦恼
sufferer n.患难者；患病者
eg. There are always sme ups and dwns in ur life,but it is the sufferings that make us strnger.（发言稿） 生活中总有一些起起伏伏，但是正是苦难让我们更加坚强。
9. supply n.供应（量）；补给；【pl.】补给品
vt.供应；供给（prvide）
● be in shrt supply短缺
have a gd supply f...备有许多……
medical supplies 医疗用品
● supply sth t sb=supply sb with sth 为某人提供某物
【联想】 表示“为某人提供某物”的短语还有∶
①prvide sb with sth/prvide sth fr sb
②ffer sb sth/ffer sth t sb
10.survive vi.生存；存活
vt.幸存；艰难度过
● survive sth幸免于；从……中活过来
survive frm 从……存活下来
survive n 依靠……生存下来
A survive B（by十时间）A比B活得长（……）
● survivr n.幸存者
survival n.【U】幸存；【C】残存物
eg. Human life is regarded as part f nature and,the nly way fr us t survive is t live in harmny with nature.
人类生活被认为是自然的一部分，我们存活下去的唯一的方法是和自然和谐相处。
11.calm vt.& vi.（使）平静；（使）镇静
adj.平静的；镇静的；沉着的
● calm dwn 平静下来
calm sb dwn 使某人镇定下来
● keep calm 保持镇静
● calmly adv.冷静地；平静地
eg. Calm yurself dwn;there is n need t feel upset abut it.（建议信）
让你自己平静下来，没有必要为此事心烦。
aid n.援助；帮助；救援物资
vi.& vt.帮助；援助
● give first aid t sb 对某人急救
with the aid f…在……的帮助下
cme t ne's aid 帮助某人
● aid sb in(ding)sth)
aid sb with sth 帮助某人（做）某事
aid sb t d sth
eg. With the aid f ur teachers, we learned hw t perfrm first aid.
在我们老师的帮助下，我们学会了如何进行急救。
sweep vt.& vi.打扫；清扫
sweep away 消灭；彻底消除
【联想】 “ABB”型动词原形、过去式、过去分词
①sweep，swept，swept打扫；清扫
②bleed，bled，bled出血；流血
③deal，dealt，dealt处理；交易；对付
④fight，fught，fught（与……）作战；战斗
⑤flee，fled，fled逃走；逃避
strike vi.& vt.(struck,struck/stricken)侵袭；突击；击打
n.罢工；罢课；袭击
● be struck with/by 为……所袭击（感动）
It strikes sb that...某人突然想到……
● ne's heart 使……刻骨铭心
● be n strike 在罢工
g n strike举行罢工
【联想】 “某人突然想到”句式还有∶
①It ccurs t sb that... ②It hits sb that... ③It cmes t sb that...
deliver vt.& vi.递送；传达 vt.发表；接生
●deliver sth（t sb）递送某物（给某人）
deliver a speech发表演讲/致辞
deliver a baby 接生
●delivery n.投递；送交
【联想】 “做演讲”的其他表达∶
①give a lecture/talk ②make a speech
effect n.影响；结果；效果；效力
● take effect 生效；见效
cme int effect 生效
have an effect n/upn 对……产生影响
effect 实施；使……生效/起作用
● effective adj.有效的；有影响的
effectively adv.有效地；高效地
【联想】 “对……有影响”的其他表达∶
①affect/influence sth
②have an influence n
③have an impact n
Iength n.长；长度
lng adj.长的
lengthen vt.& vi.（使）变长
【联想】 后缀-th高频名词荟萃∶
①length 长度 ②strength 力量 ③warmth 温暖 ④width 宽度 ⑤depth 深度 ⑥grwth 成长
二、重点词块速记
natural disasters 自然灾难
as usual像往常一样
at（the）least 至少
first aid kit 急救箱
5.cme t an end 结束
6.ne f the mst deadly earthquakes 最致命的地震之一
7.cut acrss huses,rads,and waterways 横穿房屋、道路和水道
8.blw them away 把它们刮走
9.put up shelters in the pen air 在露天搭起避难所
10.prvide medical care 提供医疗护理
11.start t revive itself开始自我复苏
12.in times f disaster 在灾难时期
13.becme a hme t 成为……的家园
14.begin t breathe again 重新开始呼吸
15.rebuild fr a brighter future 重建更光明的未来
16.vlcanic eruptin 火山喷发
17.have n hand enugh water手头有足够的水
18.deliver fd and supplies 运送食物和用品
重点句型剖析
1.Chickens and even pigs were t nervus t eat,and dgs refused t g inside buildings.
（t＋adj.+t…太……而不能……）鸡甚至连猪都太紧张而不能吃东西，狗也不愿意进屋里去。
2.It seemed as if the wrld were cming t an end!（as if..似乎/好像……）仿佛世界末日即将来临!
3.Sn after the quakes,the army sent 150,000 sldiers t Tangshan t dig ut thse wh were trapped and t bury the dead.（wh 引导定语从句）
地震刚刚过去，部队派出了15万名战士奔赴唐山，将受困群众从废墟中挖出，并掩埋死者。
4.The mst pwerful earthquake in the past 40 years caused a tsunami that crashed int castlines acrss Asia yesterday,killing mre than 6,500 peple in Indnesia,India,Thai-land,Malaysia,and at least fur ther cuntries.（v.-ing形式作结果状语）过去40年来最强的一次地震引起的海啸昨天登陆了亚洲海岸，造成印度尼西亚、印度、泰国、马来西亚以及其他至少四个国家的6500多人死亡。
5.Hwever,dangerus cnditins and damaged rads will make it difficult t deliver fd and supplies.(make it＋adj.＋t d)然而，危险的状况以及受损的道路将会使得运送食物和物资变得困难。
6. I was having breakfast with my three children when water started filling my hme. 我和我的三个孩子正在吃早餐，这时家里开始灌水。
句型公式|be ding sth when…
be ding sth when…"正在做某事，这时……"，when作并列连词。
（1）be abut t d sth when…正要做某事，这时突然……
be n the pint f ding sth when...正要做某事，这时突然……
（2）had just dne sth when…刚做完某事，这时……
①（2019·浙江卷写作）Last Mnday，I was walking in the street when I suddenly saw an ld man fall ff his bicycle.
上周一，我正在街上散步，这时突然看到一位老人从自行车上摔了下来。
②Seated in the classrm,I was n the pint f taking my bks ut when suddenly I be-came faint.
→Seated in the classrm,I was abut t take my bks ut when suddenly I became faint.
坐在教室里，我正要把书拿出来，这时我突然眩晕了。
③I had just turned n the cmputer when my parents came back.
我刚刚打开电脑，这时我父母回来了。
考点一、核心单词语法填空
He tk a deep （breathe）, and began t climb the stairs.
It is vital that we act t stp the （destry）f the rainfrests.
Mre than seven millin peple （affect）by drught in that cuntry last year.
Tw survivrs were rescued after （trap）under the ruins fr tw days.
There is n perfect chice at all. All we have t t d is spare n effrt （make）what we have chsen right.
Julia was given the kiss f life but she culdn’t （revive）.
The number f peple wh were killed r seriusly injured in the earthquake （reach）mre than 7,000 s far.
It is cmmn that all the cinemas are almst full f audience, are hlding ppcrn and drinks.
Many Lithuanians have expressed dubts abut the （wise）f the decisin.
（visit）China ver 40 times since 2012, Samaranch understands hw effective the cuntry’s sprts system can be.
11.The prject lks at hw we culd be mre （effect）in encuraging students t enter teacher training.
12.The mre （pwer）the car the mre difficult it is t handle.
13. He succeeded the aid f a cmpletely new methd he discvered.
14. summary, it is my pinin that the whle prcess f treatment was very successful.
15. The president （deliver）a speech n hw t effectively slve the immigratin prblem next week.
16. Our English teacher suggests （read）English alud every mrning.
17. I was taking am nline class in my study I heard a lud nise in the backyard.
18. She is the nly ne f the students wn the internatinal award.
1.breath 2. destructin 3. were affected 4. being trapped 5. t make
6. be revived 7. has reached 8. wh 9. wisdm 10. Having visited
11. effective 12. pwerful 13. with 14. In 15. will deliver 16. reading 17. when 18. wh
考点二、重点词块选词填空

After the earthquake, the beautiful city was .
She behaved fr all the wrld nthing unusual had happened.
He was still frm what had happened earlier in the afternn.
The English crner did nt until abut ten ’clck last night.
Strng winds can als the valuable sil that lies n the tp f the fields.
Teenagers wh are addicted t the Internet are mre likely t depressin.
While he was studying classical literature he als began t ancient Chinese histry.
Dn't every unknwn wrd in yur dictinary, try t guess its meaning frm the cntext.
Nelsn Mandela nce s many difficulties in prisn, which inspired him t pursue freedm fr his peple.
1. in ruins 2. as if 3. in shck 4. cme t an end 5. blw away
6. suffer frm 7. dig int 8. lk up 9. went thugh
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
【2022年全国乙卷】May 21st this year marks the first Internatinal Tea Day, which was named fficially ___41___ the United Natins n Nvember 27th, 2019. T celebrate ___42___ festival, a number f events tk place at the Chinese Businessman Museum in Beijing n Thursday.
The chairman f the China Culture Prmtin Sciety ___43___ (address) the pening ceremny. “As a main prmter f the Internatinal Tea Day, the birthplace f tea and the ___44___ (large) tea-prducing cuntry, China has a ___45___ (respnsible)t wrk with ther cuntries t prmte the healthy develpment f the tea industry. It can help t build a cmmunity with a ___46___ (share) future fr mankind,” he said.
The “First Internatinal Tea Day Tea Rad Cperative Initiative” issued (发布) at the ceremny calls fr peple wrking in the tea industry t cme tgether t prmte internatinal cperatin ___47___ cultural exchanges. A fur-year tea prmtin —Tea Rad Cperative Plan—was als issued in accrdance with the initiative.
___48___ (strengthen)the cnnectin with yung peple, the event included a number f public prmtinal activities n scial media, ___49___ (invite) twenty-nine tea prfessinals frm arund the wrld t have thirty-six hurs f uninterrupted live bradcasts.
The Chinese Ancient Tea Museum was fficially unveiled (揭幕) at the ceremny, pening ____50____ (it)first exhibitin: The Avenue f Truth—A Special Exhibitin f Pu’er Tea.
【答案】41. by 42. the 43. addressed 44. largest
45. respnsibility 46. shared 47. and 48. T strengthen 49. inviting 50. its
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了为了庆祝第一个国际茶日，中国商会博物馆所举办的一系列活动。
【41题详解】
考查介词。句意：2019年11月27日，联合国正式将5月21日定为第一个国际茶日。根据句意可知，此处表达“被联合国在5月21日命名”。表示被动，使用固定结构“be+过去分词+by”。故填by。
【42题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：为了庆祝这一节日，周四在北京的中国商人博物馆举行了一系列活动。特指Internatinal Tea Day这一节日，所以用定冠词the。故填the。
【43题详解】
考查时态。句意：中国文化促进会会长在开幕式上致辞。陈述过去事情，用一般过去时。故填addressed。
【44题详解】
考查形容词最高级。句意：中国是茶的发源地和最大产茶国，作为国际茶日的主要推动者，中国有责任与其他国家共同促进茶产业的健康发展。根据定冠词the和常识可知，中国是最大产茶国，所以用形容词的最高级形式。故填largest。
【45题详解】
考查名词。句意：中国是茶的发源地和最大产茶国，作为国际茶日的主要推动者，中国有责任与其他国家共同促进茶产业的健康发展。不定冠词a后接可数名词的单数形式。故填respnsibility。
【46题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：这有助于构建人类命运共同体。此处为非谓语动词做定语来修饰名词future。非谓语动词share和名词future之间为被动关系，所以用过去分词作定语。故填shared。
【47题详解】
考查连词。句意：仪式上发布的“首个国际茶日万里茶道合作倡议”呼吁茶业人士团结起来，促进国际合作和文化交流。名词internatinal cperatin和cultural exchanges为并列成分，作动词prmte的宾语。故填and。
【48题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：为了加强与年轻人的联系，活动包括在社交媒体上的一系列公共宣传活动，邀请了来自世界各地的29名茶叶专业人士进行36小时不间断的直播。根据句意可知，此处表达“为了加强与年轻人的联系”，需要用不定式作目的状语。故填T strengthen。
【49题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：为了加强与年轻人的联系，活动包括在社交媒体上的一系列公共宣传活动，邀请了来自世界各地的29名茶叶专业人士进行36小时不间断的直播。此处为非谓语动词，逻辑主语the event与invite之间为主动关系，所以用现在分词作状语。故填inviting。
【50题详解】
考查代词。句意：在开幕式上，中国古茶博物馆正式揭牌，开启了它的第一个展览：大道遗真——普洱茶专题展。名词exhibitin前用形容词性物主代词。故填its。
完形填空
（湖南省长沙市雅礼书院中学等2022-2023学年高一上学期期中联考）One day, a prfessr entered his classrm and asked his students t prepare fr a surprise test. They all waited 41 at their desks fr the exam t begin. The prfessr 42 the exam papers with the text facing dwn as usual. Once he handed them all ut, he asked the students t 43 the papers.
T everyne’s surprise, there were 44 questins — just a black dt in the center f the paper.
The prfessr, seeing the expressins n everyne’s faces, tld them the fllwing: “I want yu t write abut what yu see there.” The students, 45 , gt started n the very task.
At the end f the class, the prfessr tk all the exams, reading each ne f them lud in frnt f all the students.
All f them, withut 46 , described the black dt (小圆点), trying t explain its psitin in the center f the sheet. After all had been read, the classrm 47 , the prfessr started t explain: “I’m nt ging t grade yu n this; I just want t give yu smething t think abut. N ne wrte abut the 48 part f the paper.”
“Everyne fcused n the black dt — and the 49 thing happens in ur lives. 50 , we insist n fcusing nly n the black dt — the health issues that truble us, the lack f 51 , the cmplicated (复杂的) friendship with a family member, the disappintment with a friend. The dark spts are very 52 when cmpared t everything we have in ur lives, but they are the nes that 53 ur minds. 54 yur eyes away frm the black dts in yur lives. Enjy each ne f yur blessings, each mment that life gives yu. Be 55 and live a life filled with lve!”
41．A．happilyB．guiltilyC．anxiuslyD．lazily
42．A．handed utB．carried utC．left utD．put ut
43．A．burn dwnB．turn verC．turn utD．turn t
44．A．smeB．anyC．manyD．n
45．A．sadB．cnfusedC．angryD．fun
46．A．expectatinB．surpriseC．exceptinD．dubt
47．A．brightB．nisyC．crwdedD．silent
48．A．blackB．centralC．whiteD．mst
49．A．differentB．sameC．difficultD．easy
50．A．HweverB．TherefreC．ThusD．Mrever
51．A．privacyB．mneyC．fdD．skill
52．A．greatB．tinyC．bigD．imprtant
53．A．plluteB．createC．relaxD．help
54．A．DriveB．PutC．TakeD．Bring
55．A．healthyB．generusC．lvelyD．happy
【答案】41．C 42．A 43．B 44．D 45．B 46．C 47．D 48．C 49．B 50．A 51．B 52．B 53．A 54．C 55．D
【导语】本文是篇记叙文。文章描述了一名教授为学生准备了一次特别的考试，借助这次考试，他教育学生不要总是关注生活中负面的东西，要多看看自己所拥有的美好生活，珍惜并享受生活带来的幸福。
41．考查副词词义辨析。句意：他们都在课桌前焦急地等待考试开始。A. happily高兴地；B. guiltily内疚地；C. anxiusly焦急地、忧虑地；D. lazily懒惰地。根据上一句“and asked his students t prepare fr a surprise test”可知，这次考试是一次突击考试，学生们应该没有做好准备，所以心情是焦虑的。故选C。
42．考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：教授像往常一样把试卷正面朝下发下去。A. handed ut分发；B. carried ut贯彻、执行；C. left ut遗漏、不考虑；D. put ut扑灭、熄灭。根据下一句“Once he handed them all ut”并结合句意，可知教授是把卷子发给学生。故选A。
43．考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：他把试卷发完后，就让学生们把试卷翻过来。A. burn dwn烧光；B. turn ver把……翻过来、移交；C. turn ut结果是、证明是；D. turn t求助于、转向。根据上一句“with the text facing dwn”可知，教授发的试卷文字是朝下的，所以让学生们把试卷翻过来做题比较合理。故选B。
44．考查代词词义辨析。句意：让所有人惊讶的是，没有问题——只有一个黑点在卷子中间。A. sme一些；B. any任何；C. many许多；D. n没有。根据本句句意，整张试卷只有一个黑点在中间，说明卷子中没有提出任何要回答的问题。故选D。
45．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：学生们很困惑，开始做这个特别的任务。A. sad伤心的；B. cnfused困惑的；C. angry生气的；D. fun有趣的。根据前文“T everyne’s surprise”可知，学生们看到这张和平时完全不同的试卷时是很惊讶的，所以在开始完成试卷时也是很困惑的。故选B。
46．考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们所有人无一例外地描述了那个黑点，试图解释它在卷子中央的位置。A. expectatin期待、期盼；B. surprise惊讶；C. exceptin例外；D. dubt怀疑。根据句中“All f them”可知，是每个学生都如此，没有例外。故选C。
47．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：读完了所有的试卷，教室里一片寂静，教授开始解释道：“我不打算给你打分，我只是想给你一些思考。没有人写关于试卷白色的部分。”A. bright明亮的；B. nisy嘈杂的；C. crwded拥挤的；D. silent沉默的、寂静的。根据上一句“All f them, withut exceptin, described the black dt ”可知，所有学生都给出了同样的答题方式，此时他们不确定这种方式是对还是错，都在等着教授的点评，所以应该没有人说话，非常安静。故选D。
48．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：读完了所有的试卷，教室里一片寂静，教授开始解释道：“我不打算给你打分，我只是想给你一些思考。没有人写关于试卷白色的部分。”A. black黑色的；B. central中间的；C. white白色的；D. mst大部分的。根据前文“All f them, withut exceptin, described the black dt ”可知，所有学生都在写关于小黑点的内容，没有人去描写关于黑点之外白色的那部分。故选C。
49．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：每个人都关注着那个黑点——同样的事情也会发生在我们的生活中。A. different不同的；B. same相同的；C. difficult困难的；D. easy容易的。根据下一句“we insist n fcusing nly n the black dt — the health issues that truble us, the lack f 11 , the cmplicated (复杂的) friendship with a family member, the disappintment with a friend. ”可知，破折号后列举的都是我们生活中有可能发生的事情，解释说明了破折号前的“the black dt”在生活中也有可能发生同样的情况。故选B。
50．考查副词词义辨析。句意：然而，我们坚持只关注小黑点——困扰我们的健康问题、缺钱、与家庭成员的复杂友谊和对朋友的失望。A. Hwever然而；B. Therefre所以；C. Thus因此；D. Mrever 而且。根据上一句“Everyne fcused n the black dt — and the 9 thing happens in ur lives.”可知，人们的现状是都在关注小黑点（即生活中不好的事情），然而人们依旧这么做，这里表达的是一种转折关系。故选A。
51．考查名词词义辨析。句意：然而，我们坚持只关注小黑点—困扰我们的健康问题、缺钱、与家庭成员的复杂友谊和对朋友的失望。A. privacy隐私；B. mney钱；C. fd食物；D. skill技巧。根据本句句意可知，破折号后列举的都是我们生活中遇到的一些困扰我们的不如意的事情，结合客观现实，缺钱是现实中人们普遍存在的一种困扰。故选B。
52．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：与我们生活中所拥有的一切相比，这些暗点是微不足道的，但是它们却是那些污染我们思想的东西。A. great伟大的、大的；B. tiny极小的、微小的；C. big大的；D. imprtant重要的。根据前文“ a black dt in the center f the paper”可知，生活中的这些暗点就像试卷中间的这个小黑点一样，与整张试卷相比是极小的，所以它们与我们生活中所拥有的东西相比也是微不足道的。故选B。
53．考查动词词义辨析。句意：与我们生活中所拥有的一切相比，这些暗点是微不足道的，但是它们却是那些污染我们思想的东西。A. pllute污染；B. create创造；C. relax放松；D. help帮助。由“but”可知，句意与上一句“The dark spts are very tiny when cmpared t everything we have in ur lives”是转折关系，所以虽然这些暗点微不足道，但是也会对我们的思想有害处，“pllute”符合语境。故选A。
54．考查动词词义辨析。句意：把你的眼睛从你生活中的黑点上移开。A. Drive开车；B. Put放置；C. Take拿走、取， D. Bring带来。根据上一句“but they are the nes that pllute ur minds”可知，教授认为这些黑点对我们的思想有害处，所以让人们把目光从这些黑点上移开。故选C。
55．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：要快乐，要过充满爱的生活! A. healthy健康的；B. generus慷慨的；C. lvely可爱的；D. happy快乐的、幸福的。根据上一句“Enjy each ne f yur blessings, each mment that life gives yu.”可知，教授希望大家能够享受生活中所拥有的美好的东西；结合本句中“live a life filled with lve”，这里应该是让大家快乐生活。故选D。
二、七选五
（陕西省西安市陕西师范大学附属中学2022-2023学年高一上学期期中考试）
Plan a Budget-Friendly (省钱的) Summer Vacatin
It’s never t early t start thinking abut yur summer vacatin. Deciding where t g and what attractins t see can actually be a fun and exciting part f the experience—particularly when yu find ways t save yur travel dllar.
16
Rethink yur “summer vacatin”.
If yur summer vacatin windw is wide pen, why nt skip July and August? The flights and accmmdatins are abut 25% cheaper in the spring r early fall. If yu must travel during the busy seasn, yu can still save by being flexible. 17 Flying ut n a Tuesday instead f a Friday culd save yu a bit f mney, and flying in the afternn will likely be cheaper than a mrning flight.
18
It’s always in yur best interest t bk yur summer vacatin early. If yu plan n flying t yur destinatin, fr example, it will be much easier t find seats n yur preferred flights if yu bk in March than if yu were t wait until the last minute. The same applies t htels, where prices are based n supply and demand.
Use the right websites.
There are a lt f websites cmpeting fr yur travel dllar. 19 Fr example, when yu make five reservatins with Bking.cm, yu can have access t their “Genius Prgram” which gives yu 10% ff as well as early check-in and late check-ut.
Cnsider a tur.
With s many places t see and things t d, planning a trip can wear yu ut quickly. 20 Seasned tur peratrs, such as Trafalgar, take the stress ut f travel s all yu have t d is shw up and enjy yurself. Mre imprtantly, a guided vacatin represents a significant saving.
A．Plan yur flights.
B．Bk in advance.
C．In that case, a tur is a fantastic chice.
D．Chse the ne that ffers the best service.
E．That cmpetitin has led t many benefits fr travelers.
F．When bking flights, chse the least ppular travel times.
G．Here are tips t plan a summer vacatin within yur budget.
【答案】16．G 17．F 18．B 19．E 20．C
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章讲述了计划一个预算有利的暑假的一些方法。
16．根据前文“Deciding where t g and what attractins t see can actually be a fun and exciting part f the experience—particularly when yu find ways t save yur travel dllar.”(决定去哪里和去看什么景点实际上可以是一个有趣和令人兴奋的经验的一部分——特别是当你找到节省旅行费用的方法。)可知当你找到节省旅行费用的方法时，度假就会变得有趣并令人兴奋，同时根据下文的几个黑体字可知，下文提到了省钱的技巧。因此空处应承接前文，讲述以下就是一些省钱的方法。选项G.“Here are tips t plan a summer vacatin within yur budget.”(这里有一些在你的预算范围内计划一个暑假的建议。)切题，故选G。
17．根据前文“If yu must travel during the busy seasn, yu can still save by being flexible.”(如果你必须在繁忙季节旅行，灵活一点还是可以省钱的。)下文“Flying ut n a Tuesday instead f a Friday culd save yu a bit f mney, and flying in the afternn will likely be cheaper than a mrning flight.”(在星期二而不是星期五飞行可以为你节省一点钱，而且下午的飞行可能比早上的飞行更便宜。)可知，选择非周末时间出行可以为你节省钱，同样乘坐下午飞机比早上的飞行更便宜。即我们选择乘坐飞机出行要选择人们不愿选择的时间可以省钱。选项F.“When bking flights, chse the least ppular travel times.”(在预订机票时，选择最不受欢迎的旅行时间。)是对后文列举事例的总述，符合题意。故选F。
18．根据下文“It’s always in yur best interest t bk yur summer vacatin early. If yu plan n flying t yur destinatin, fr example, it will be much easier t find seats n yur preferred flights if yu bk in March than if yu were t wait until the last minute.”(提前预定你的暑假总是对你最有利的。例如，如果你计划飞往目的地，那么如果你在三月份预订，比等到最后一分钟更容易找到你喜欢的航班座位。)举例说明提前预定航班的好处是可以让你更容易找到你喜欢的航班座位。因而，作为段落的标题句，应概括本段主旨，讲述要提前预定。选项B.“Bk in advance.”(提前预定。)符合题意，故选B。
19．根据上文“There are a lt f websites cmpeting fr yur travel dllar.”(有很多网站在竞争你的旅游收入。)可知多家网站在通过竞争想要争取到作为消费者的你。下文“Fr example, when yu make five reservatins with Bking.cm, yu can have access t their “Genius Prgram” which gives yu 10% ff as well as early check-in and late check-ut.”(例如，当你在 Bking.cm 预订了五个房间，你可以访问他们的“天才项目”，这个项目可以给你打九折，还可以提前登记和延迟退房。)举例说明在同一家网站上预定房间后，通过网站提供的优惠条件不但可以给你省钱，还可以提前登记和延迟退房。说明多家网站的竞争可以给消费者带来很多好处。选项E.“That cmpetitin has led t many benefits fr travelers.”(这种竞争给旅行者带来了许多好处。)起到了承上启下的作用，选项中“That cmpetitin”指代前文的多家网站之间的竞争；“benefits fr travelers”和下文提到的省钱、提前登记和延迟退房语义相符，故选E。
20．根据本段标题“Cnsider a tur.”(考虑一个旅行)可知本段讲述的内容应和旅行有关。下文“Seasned tur peratrs, such as Trafalgar, take the stress ut f travel s all yu have t d is shw up and enjy yurself. ”(像Trafalgar这样经验丰富的旅游经营者，可以减轻旅行的压力，所以你要做的就是出席并享受旅行。)选项C.“In that case, a tur is a fantastic chice.”(这样的话，旅行是个很棒的选择。)选项中关键词“tur”和段落标题的关键词一致，同时也为下文讲述要享受旅行提供了依据。符合题意，故选C。
目标 1
掌握重点单词和词块的用法。
目标 2
认识并运用重点句型。
dig int, lk up, as if, in ruins, blw away, cme int an end,
in shck, g thugh, suffer frm