高中英语外研版 (2019)必修 第三册Unit 3 The world of science教案配套ppt课件

这是一份高中英语外研版 (2019)必修 第三册Unit 3 The world of science教案配套ppt课件，共44页。PPT课件主要包含了Verb form，Active，Passive，machine，replace，computer，have been，shown，physicist，chemist等内容，欢迎下载使用。

Unit 3The wrld f science
T knw the use f present prefect passive.T d sme exercises using the present perfect passive.T knw sme careers in science.
现在完成时 (have/has + v-ed)表示说话时已经完成的动作，而且这个动作的结果对现在仍有影响;表示动作发生在过去，但一直持续到现在，并且有可能继续持续下去。
D yu knw the structures and meanings f the present perfect tense and passive vice?
被动语态助动词be +及物动词的过去分词be随主语的人称、数和时态的变化而变化。当强调动作承受者，不必说出执行者或含糊不清的执行者时，多用被动语态。
Present perfect passive
Lk at the sentences frm the reading passage and answer the questins.
a I guess yu have been asked abut the title f yur bk befre.b New inventins like 3D printers have been used t make replacement hearts and bne parts.
1 What has happened t “yu” in sentence (a)?
Smene has asked “yu” abut the title f yur bk befre.
2 Wh has used new inventins t make replacement hearts and bne parts in sentence (b)?
Peple have used 3D printers t make replacement hearts and bne parts.
Cmpare them with the fllwing sentences and answer the questins.
c I guess smene has asked yu abut the title f yur bk befre.d Peple have used new inventins like 3D printers t make replacement hearts and bne parts.
3 What is the difference between the tw grups f sentences? In the first grup, the wrds in red shw the use f the passive frm with the subjects, while in the secnd grup, the wrds in red shw the use f the active frm with the subjects.4 Why des the authr chse t use the passive frm instead f the active frm in the reading passage?The authr chses t use the passive frm instead f the active frm t emphasise what has been dne, rather than wh r what des the actin.
Nw lk fr mre sentences with the present perfect passive in the reading passage.
1. The New Age f Inventin has just been published.2. In additin, imprtant advances have been made in medicine and envirnmental science thanks t increasing cmputer pwer.3. New inventins like 3D printers have been used t make replacement hearts and bne parts.
have / has + been + v-ed
Hw d we frm the present perfect passive vice?
have /has + v-ed
现在完成时的被动语态意义及结构表示动作发生在过去, 到现在已经完成或对现在产生的影响。动词和被修饰主语构成被动关系。肯定式：have/has + been + v-ed否定式：have/has + nt + been + v-ed一般疑问句：Have/Has +主语+ been +v-ed?特殊疑问句：疑问词+have/has +been+ v-ed?
现在完成时的被动语态有两种情况：1) 表过去开始的被动动作一直持续到现在，常连用的时间状语有：fr+段时间，since +时间状语(从句)，these days, s far, up t nw, in the last/ past few years等。 如： This class have been taught by Mr. Brwn fr tw years. His Chinese has been imprved a lt since he came t China. Rwling’s nvels have been translated int many freign languages s far.
2) 表某被动动作对现在造成的影响或结果，常与already, yet, just, ever, never, recently等连用。如： The bike has nt been repaired yet. I have already been intrduced t Mr. Smith.
并不是所有动词都有被动语态。happen, take place, break ut, belng t, cst, last等不及物动词或词组无被动语态。Great changes have taken place in China since 1978.
1. 现在完成时的被动语态与一般过去时被动语态的区别 一般过去时被动语态表示一个被动的动作发生在过去，其结果对现在没有影响； 现在完成时被动语态的动作或状态尽管发生在过去，但侧重说明该动作或状态对现在造成的影响或结果。
The machine has been repaired．机器已经修好了。(动作发生在过去，对现在有影响，修好了。)The machine was repaired yesterday．机器昨天修了。(只说明动作发生在昨天。)
2. 动词短语是一个不可分割的整体，在被动语态中要保持其完整性，其中的介词或副词不可省略。 e.g. The rphans have been taken gd care f here． 孤儿们在这里受到很好的照顾。
Rewrite the underlined parts using the present perfect passive.
Within the next 80 years, ur lives may be changed beynd recgnitin by 3D printing. It has already affected many things in ur lives, right dwn t the fd we eat. Fr instance, sme restaurants in Lndn have served 3D-printed hamburgers t custmers.
Many things in ur lives have
3D-printed hamburgers have been served t custmers by sme restaurants in Lndn.
already been affected
But perhaps the mst significant success that peple have achieved t date is in machine. They have made human bdy parts, including a beating heart, with 3D printing technlgy. And it is nt just humans wh are benefiting- in Brazil, peple have given a new 3D-printed shell t a turtle injured in a frest fire!
But perhaps the mst significant success that has been achieved t date is in machine.
Human bdy parts, including a beating heart, have been made with 3D printing technlgy.
a new 3D-printed shell has been given t a turtle injured in a frest fire!
3 Imagine yu are Dr Mre. Lk at the pictures and tell the plice abut the damage and lss t yur lab. Use the present perfect passive where apprpriate.
The windw has been brken.The lck n the dr has been brken.
My tw laptps have been stlen.Beakers and test tubes have been destryed.The bk case has been pened, and sme files have been taken away while thers have been thrwn everywhere.The rbt has been damaged.
the buildings, destry, earthquake
The buildings have been destryed by the earthquake.
Lk at the pictures, first list sme key wrds, and then make up sentences using the present perfect passive vice.
The machine has been replaced by the cmputer.
in ur city, a new bridge, build
A new bridge has been built in ur city.
recently,many trees,plant,alng the rad
Many trees have been planted alng the rad recently.
seven Harry Prter bks,J. K. Rwling, s far,write
Seven Harry Prter bks have been written by J. K. Rwling s far.
Talk abut smething that has been dne.
I recently went back t my hmetwn where I haven’t been back fr a lng time.
A new shpping mall has been built. The rad system has been changed. The library has been mved.
I.用括号内动词的正确形式填空。1. The same mistake _____________ (make) many times.2. Mre than 100 famus films ________________ (shw) in the city since July.3. Althugh it ______________ (play) many times, he still lves it. 4. Three new schls ________________ (pen) in ur city in the past 5 years.
has been made
has been played
have been pened
II. 用现在完成时的被动语态重组下列句子。a new hspital fr wmen and children, build, in Beijing2. mre and mre trees, cut dwn, by farmers
A new hspital fr wmen and children has been built in Beijing.
Mre and mre trees have been cut dwn by farmers.
3. abut 300 buildings and huses, destry, in the earthquake4. a lt f mney, spend, prtect the ld temple
Abut 300 buildings and huses have been destryed in the earthquake.
A lt f mney has been spent prtecting the ld temple.
Careers in science
Lk at the pictures and answer the questins.
physicist mathematician
1. What d yu knw abut these careers?
A physicist is a persn wh des research cnnected with physics r studies physics.A mathematician is a persn wh is trained in the study f numbers and calculatins.
gegrapher bilgist
chemist astrnmer
A chemist is a persn wh des research cnnected with chemistry r wh studies chemistry.An astrnmer is a scientist wh studies the stars, planets, and ther natural bjects in space.
A gegrapher is a persn wh studies gegraphy r is an expert in it.A bilgist is a persn wh studies r wrks in the field f bilgy.
2. What famus scientists can yu name in these fields?
Isaac Newtn
Albert Einstein
mathematician
Jhann Carl Friedrich Gauss
Antine-Laurent de Lavisier
Edmnd Halley
Alfred Lthar Wegener
Gregr Jhann Mendel
Cmplete the intrductins abut different scientists with the wrds in Activity 4. Pay attentin t the language that describes their careers.
Gu Shujing (1231-1316) was a famus Chinese ___________ f the Yuan Dynasty. He invented twelve new instruments t study stars and planets. He als develped a calendar which is as accurate as the Gregrian calendar. A muntain n the Mn and a minr planet are named after him.
British ________ Charles Darwin (1809-1882) is best knwn fr his wrk On the rigin f Species, in which he explains changes in species due t natural selectin. His ideas deeply influence ur understanding f the relatinship between humans and nature.
Li Dayuan (ca 466-527) was a famus writer and ___________ f the Nrthern Wei Dynasty. He did field research acrss China and studied mre than a thusand rivers and streams, alng with the landscape, histry and culture f the surrunding areas.
Marie Curie (1867-1934) was a wrld –famus ________ and was first awarded the Nbel Prize in 1903 fr her extrardinary wrk n radiactivity. She was als regarded as a brilliant _________, and was again awarded the Nbel Prize in 1911 fr the islatin f pure radium.
Chen Jingrun (1933-1996) was ne f the wrld’s leading _______________. His wrk n Chen’s Therem made an imprtant advance twards prving Gldbach’s Cnjecture, the greatest unslved prblem in number thery.
Wrk in pairs. Think abut ther careers in science and discuss what interest yu mst.I’m interested in the wrk f a(n)… because…
Review grammar.Read the text n Page 26-27 again and underline all the sentences f the present perfect and present perfect passive vice.