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暑假五升六英语 专项练习--语法(句法篇)(教科版广州)(含答案)
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这是一份暑假五升六英语 专项练习--语法(句法篇)(教科版广州)(含答案),共10页。试卷主要包含了肯定句的祈使句结构,否定句的祈使句结构, 上学不要迟到, 禁止拍照, 我们去看电影吧!, 让他待在那儿, 别让他把书拿走, 禁止交谈等内容,欢迎下载使用。
考察点:语法题通常从语法和语义两个层面考查学生运用语法知识的综合能力。
句法:陈述句、疑问句(一般疑问句、特殊疑问句、选择疑问句、反义疑问句)、祈使句,感叹句。(※易错点:反义疑问句、祈使句、感叹句)
易错点突破(一)祈使句
概念:祈使句是常用于表达命令、请求、劝告、警告、禁止等语气的句子。
1.肯定句的祈使句结构
(1)be+形容词
例:Be quiet .请安静。
(2)实义动词原形+其他成分
例:Open the dr, please.请开门。
(3)let+宾语+动词原形+其他
例:Let's g swimming.让我们去游泳吧!
2.否定句的祈使句结构
(1)Dn't+动词原形
例:Dn't eat n the bus..不要在公车上吃东西。
(2)Let型的否定式有两种:“Dn't + let +宾语+动词原形+ 其它成分”
“Let + 宾语 + nt + 动词原形 + 其它成分”。
例:Dn't let him g. / Let him nt g. 别让他走。
(3)用否定副词never构成,以加强否定含义
例:Never give up ! 永不言弃!
(4)N+名词/v-ing
例:N smking. 禁止吸烟。
易错点专练/Ex1/ 句子翻译。
1. 请合上书本。
_____________________________________________________________
2. 请保持教室洁净的。
_____________________________________________________________
3. 上学不要迟到。
_____________________________________________________________
4. 禁止拍照。
_____________________________________________________________
5. 我们去看电影吧!
_____________________________________________________________
6. 让他待在那儿。
_____________________________________________________________
7. 别让他把书拿走。
_____________________________________________________________
8. 禁止交谈。
_____________________________________________________________
易错点突破(二)反义疑问句
概念:反意疑问句是由陈述句和附在其后的附加疑问句组成。其中附加疑问句是对陈述句所说的事实或观点提出疑问,起证实作用,一般用于证实说话者所说的事实或观点。
结构:“肯定陈述+否定疑问”或“否定陈述+肯定疑问”。
原则:前肯后否,前否后肯。
注意:简略问句如果是否定式,nt应与be,d,will等系动词、助动词、情态动词缩写。简略问句的主语不用名词,应用人称代词。
用法:
1.祈使句的反意疑问句用will yu, 但以let’s 开头的用shall we
Lk at the blackbard, will yu?
Let's g hme, shall we?
2. 陈述部分是I am 或 I’m 时,疑问部分用 aren’t I
I am a dctr, aren’t I ?
3.陈述部分有little, few, never, hardly, seldm,n ,nthing, nbdy, n ne , nne, neither等表示否定意义的词时,其反意疑问句用肯定结构。
There is little time left, is there?
4. 陈述部分主语是this, that , these, thse时,疑问部分主语用 , it ,they
This is a plane, isn't it?
These are apples,aren't they?
He is never late fr schl, is he?
5. 陈述部分是there be句型时,其反意疑问句中要用 there。
There was a hspital here, wasn't there?
6.陈述部分的主语是everything, nthing, anything或smething 时,反意疑问句的主语应用代词it。
Smething is wrng with my radi, isn't it?
7.陈述部分的主语是 everybdy, everyne, anybdy, anyne, smebdy, smene,
nbdy, n ne, nne, neither 时, 其反意疑问句的主语需用代词they, he。
Everyne is here, aren't they?
Smene has taken the seat, hasn’t he?
8. 陈述部分含有have时,当have意为“有”;附加部分用have或d的相关形式;当have意为“吃”;附加部分用d的相关形式。
She has a car, hasn’t/desn’t she?
She had a quick breakfast, didn’t she?
易错点专练/Ex2/ 请完成下列反义疑问句。
1. Lily is a gd girl, _____________ _______________?
2. Jenny isn’t a teacher, _____________ _____________?
3. It’s a find day, ______________ ________________?
4. The dg isn’t sleeping, ______________ ______________?
5. I am friendly, ______________ _________________?
6. I am nt handsme, _____________ _____________?
7. Yu are gd at drawing, ______________ ______________?
8. They aren’t frm Japan, _______________ _______________?
9. Everyne is here, ______________ ______________?
10. Nthing is wrng, ______________ _______________?
11. There is a pen n the desk, _______________ _______________?
12. There are five peple in yur family, ______________ ______________?
13. Yu like apples, _____________ ______________?
14. Yu dn’t like apples, _____________ ______________?
15. Tina cmes frm America, _______________ ______________?
16. Julie desn’t have breakfast, ______________ ______________?
17. He had a big meal, ______________ ________________?
18. Lily had a big huse, _____________ ______________?
19. Open the dr, ______________ ______________?
20. Let’s g t the cinema, _______________ _______________?
易错点突破(三)感叹句
概念:感叹句,是指带有强烈的感情的句子,它表示快乐、惊讶、激动、愤怒等强烈的感情。感叹句分为两种,一种以what引导,一种以hw引导。句尾用感叹号“!”。
1. what 引导的感叹句
(1)what + a/an +形容词+单数可数名词+陈述句(主语+谓语)
What a clever by he is! 他是多么聪明的一个男孩啊!
What an interesting stry it is! 这是一个多么有趣的故事啊!
(2)what+形容词+复数可数名词/不可数名词+陈述句(主语+谓语)
What beautiful flwers they are! 多么美的花啊!
What terrible weather it is! 这是多么糟糕的天气啊!
2. hw 引导的感叹句
(1)Hw+形容词+陈述句(主语+谓语)
Hw clever the by is!这个男孩多么聪明啊!
(2)Hw+副词+陈述句(主语+谓语)
Hw heavily it is raining! 雨正下得多大啊!
易错点专练/Ex3/ 选择题。
1. ___________fine weather it is!
A. What B. What a C. What an D. Hw
2. ___________cl car it is!
A. What B. What a C. What an D. Hw
3. ____________nisy the big city is!
A. What B. What a C. What an D. Hw
4. ____________happily they are playing!
A. What B. What a C. What an D. Hw
5. ____________cute children they are!
A. What B. What a C. What an D. Hw
6. ____________cute these children are!
A. What B. What a C. What an D. Hw
7. ____________fast he runs!
A. What B. What a C. What an D. Hw
8. ____________gd news it is!
A. What B. What a C. What an D. Hw
综合训练
一. 句型转换。
1. They will spend their hliday in America.(画线部分提问)
____________ _____________they ____________their hliday?
2. Lily arrived at the airprt at 10p.m.(画线部分提问)
____________ _____________Lily ___________at the airprt?
3. Jenny lves eating ckies. (改为否定句)
Jenny _____________ _____________eating ckies.
4. We ften play basketball . (改为一般疑问句并作否定回答)
---____________ ____________ften _____________basketball?
---____________, we ____________.
5. The bys are skating. (画线部分提问)
__________ __________the bys ____________?
6. The wrkers built a stne bridge ver the river. (改为否定句)
The wrkers __________ __________a stne bridge ver the river.
7. Lily’s father is tall and strng..(画线部分提问)
____________ ___________Lily’s father ____________like?
8. Yu must stay at hme. (改为一般疑问句)
____________ ___________stay at hme?
9. He can’t hear anything. (改为肯定句)
He ___________ ____________everything.
10. There is sme milk in the bttle. (改为否定句)
There ___________ ____________milk in the bttle.
二. 翻译句子。
1. Lily有点害羞。
___________________________________________________________________
2. 她尽力赢得一等奖。
___________________________________________________________________
3. 她不害怕独自外出。
___________________________________________________________________
4. 我周末不待在家里。
___________________________________________________________________
5. Tina不上班。
___________________________________________________________________
6. 你晚上跟我们一起吃饭吗?
___________________________________________________________________
7. 你们昨天去动物园了吗?
___________________________________________________________________
8. 你妈妈每天都早起吗?
___________________________________________________________________
9. 他不会画画,对吧?
___________________________________________________________________
10. 今天是个阳光明媚的日子,对吧?
___________________________________________________________________
11. 请帮我递些盐给我。
___________________________________________________________________
12. 多么美好的一个世界呀!
___________________________________________________________________
13. 她是多么幸福的一个女孩呀!
____________________________________________________________________
14. 多么强大的中国呀!
_____________________________________________________________________
15. 多好的主意呀!
_____________________________________________________________________
参考答案
/Ex1/ 1. Please clse the bk.
2. Please keep the classrm clean.
3. Dn’t be late fr schl.
4. N phts.
5. Let’s g t the cinema.
6. Let him stay there.
7. Dn’t let him take away the bk.
8. N talking.
/Ex2/ 1. isn’t she 2. is she 3. isn’t it 4. is it 5. aren’t I
6. am I 7. aren’t yu 8. are they 9. isn’t he/aren’t they
10. is it 11. isn’t there 12. aren’t there 13. dn’t yu
14. d yu 15. desn’t she 16. des she 17. didn’t he
18. didn’t she 19. will yu 20. shall we
/Ex3/ 1-5 ABDDA 6-8 DDA
综合训练
一. 句型转换。
1. Where will, spend 2. When did, arrive 3. desn’t lve
4. D yu, play; N, dn’t 5. What are, ding 6. didn’t build
7. What des, lk 8. Must I 9. can hear 10. isn’t any
二. 翻译句子。
1. Lily is a little shy.
2. She tries t win the first prize.
3. She isn’t afraid t g ut alne.
4. I dn’t stay at hme at the weekend.
5. Tina desn’t g t wrk.
6. Will yu have dinner with us tnight?
7. Did yu g t the z yesterday?
8. Des yur mum get up early every day?
9. He can’t draw, can he?
10. It’s a sunny day, isn’t it?
11. Please pass me sme salt.
12. What a wnderful wrld it is!
13. What a happy girl she is!/ Hw happy the girl is!
14. Hw strng China is!
15. What a gd idea it is!/ Hw gd the idea is!
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