高考英语一轮复习必修第二册UNIT4 HISTORY AND TRADITIONS课件

这是一份高考英语一轮复习必修第二册UNIT4 HISTORY AND TRADITIONS课件，共60页。PPT课件主要包含了核心单词阅读词汇，individual，battle，vi靠近，charge，amount，approach，ensure，position，custom等内容，欢迎下载使用。

1.Cnfucius n.孔子
2.mansin n.公馆；宅第3.cemetery n.墓地；公墓4.philsphy n.哲学
5.descendant n.后裔；后代；子孙6.heel n.足跟；(脚、袜子、鞋等的)后跟7.kingdm n.王国；领域
8.chief adj.最重要的；最高级别的
n.(公司或机构的)首领；
酋长9.nearby adj.附近的；邻近的 adv.在附近10.currency n.通货；货币11.military adj.军事的；军用的
12.cnquer vt.占领；征服；控制13.prt n.港口(城市)
14.gallery n.(艺术作品的)展览馆；画廊15.landscape n.(陆上，尤指乡村的)风景16.butter n.黄油；奶油 vt.涂黄油于17.hney n.蜂蜜
18.ancestr n.祖宗；祖先19.curtyard n.庭院；院子
20.snack n.点心；小吃21.pet n.诗人
22.cunty n.(英国、爱尔兰的)郡；(美国的)县23.feast n.盛宴；宴会；节日
24.rll vi.& vt.(使)翻滚；(使)滚动 n.卷(轴)；翻滚25.dt n.点；小(圆)点 vt.加点；遍布26.cattle n.牛
27.rar vi.& n.吼叫；咆哮
28.cean n.大海；海洋29.scent n.气味；气息30.pub n.酒吧；酒馆
31.wine n.葡萄酒；果酒32.beer n.(一杯)啤酒
33.stew n.炖菜(有肉和蔬菜) vt.& vi.炖；煨34.striking adj.引人注目的；显著的
高频词汇1.________ adj.单独的；个别的 n.个人2.________ n.战役；搏斗 vi.& vt.搏斗；奋斗3.________ n.收费；指控；主管 vt.收费；控告；充电
4.________ n.金额；数量
5.________ n.方法；途径；接近
vt.接近；接洽；着手处理
6.________ vt.保证；确保；担保7.________ n.位置；姿态；职位 vt.安装；安置
8.________ n.风俗；习俗；习惯
拓展词汇1._______ n.谜；智力游戏；疑问 vt.迷惑；使困惑→_______adj.感到困惑的→________ adj.令人困惑的→puzzlement n.迷惑2.________ vi.应在(某处)；适应→belngings n.财产；所有物3.defend vt.防御；保卫→________ n.防御；保卫4.legal adj.法律的；合法的→________ adv.合法地→________adj.非法的；违法的→________ adv.非法地；违法地5.___________ vt.围绕；包围→_____________ adj.周围的→
surrundings n.周围的环境
6.________ n.证据；证明→evident adj.显而易见的→________
achievement
7.________ vt.完成；达到；实现→___________ n.成就；成绩；达到→achievable adj.可实现的8.lcate vt.位于；确定……的位置→________ n.地方；地点；
9.__________ vt.深深吸引；迷住→__________ adj.极有吸引力的；迷人的→__________ adj.入迷的；极感兴趣的→fascinatin n.
fascinating
10.annunce vt.宣布；通知；宣称→_______________ n.公告；
annuncement
11._________ adj.慷慨的；大方的；丰富的→genersity n.慷慨；
12.________ adj.热切的；渴望的→________ adv.急切地；渴望地→eagerness n.热切；渴望13.greet vt.问候；迎接→________ n.问候
vt. 挤满；使……拥挤→
14.crwd n. 人群；一群人；民众________ adj.拥挤的
【熟义】 vt.宣布；通知；声称
【生义】 vt.作为……的迹象；显示
【典例】 The first few leaves annunced the beginning f autumn.
最先落下的几片叶子标志了秋天的开始。
【熟义】 n.金额；数量
【生义】 vi.总计(amunt t)
【典例】 (2021·6 月浙江卷·读后续写)It was tiring wrk, but I
lked frward t the pay, even thugh I wasn't sure hw much it
wuld amunt t.工作很累，但我期待着薪水，尽管我不确定它总计会有多少。
【熟义】 n.位置；姿态；职位【生义】 vt.安放；放置
【典例】 In a wired wrld with cnstant glbal cmmunicatin,we're all psitined t see flashes f genius wherever they appear. 在一个全球通信不断的有线世界里，无论哪里有灵感迸发，我们都能知道。
【熟义】 vi.&vt.(使)翻滚；(使)滚动 n.卷(轴)；翻滚【生义】 vi.发出持续的声音
【典例】 (2022·新高考Ⅰ卷·完形填空)The wind picked up and
thunder rlled.狂风大作，雷声隆隆。
重点短语1.jin ...把……和……连接或联结起来2.break away (________ sb./sth.) 脱离；背叛；逃脱3.________ t 属于4.as well ________ 同(一样也)；和；还5.in ________ f 为了防御/保卫……6.be __________ by/with 被……包围
7.a sense f ___________ 成就感8.keep yur ________ pen (fr)留心；留意9.charge sb.mney ________ sth.为某物收某人钱10.be ________ t d sth.渴望做某事11.be ________ with 挤满；充满
1.S what is the difference between them, ________ ________？那么，如果有区别的话，它们之间的区别是什么呢？句式结构句式 1：if 的省略结构
教材原句2.The capital city Lndn is a great place t start, ________________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ thathas a histry dating all the way back t Rman times. 首都伦敦是一个很好的起点，因为它是一个古老的港口城市，其历史可以追溯
句式结构句式 2：as 引导原因状语从句
教材原句3.Judy and I had ur car parked in an undergrund car park nearTrafalgar Square, where we culd ________ ________ ________________ ________.朱迪和我把我们的汽车停在了特拉法尔加广场附近的一个地下停车场，在那里我们可以给汽车充电。
句式 3：get＋宾语＋宾补
4.On a quiet mrning in the muntains, feel the sun n yur skin,and breathe in the sweet scent f fresh flwers ________ birds greetthe new day with their mrning sng.在山间一个宁静的早晨，感受阳光照在你的皮肤上，呼吸到鲜花的芳香，而鸟儿用它们的晨歌迎接新的一天。句式结构句式 4：while 连接的并列句
5.With all this beauty, ________ ________ ________ ________________ Ireland has develped strng traditins that include music,dancing, and dining.有了这些美景，爱尔兰发展出包括音乐、舞蹈和餐饮在内的强大传统也就不足为奇了。句式结构句式 5：it 作形式主语
Studying British histry can help yu understand 1.________ theUnited Kingdm, Great Britain, Britain and England mean.In the 16thcentury, Wales was jined t the Kingdm f England.In the 18thcentury, Sctland was jined 2.__________ (create) the Kingdm fGreat Britain.In the 19th century, the Kingdm f Ireland was addedt create the United Kingdm f Great Britain and Ireland.Hwever,the suthern part f Ireland 3.________ (break) away frm the UK,which resulted 4.________ the full name we have tday: the UnitedKingdm f Great Britain and Nrthern Ireland.
differences
be surrunded
1.Prfessr Williams keeps telling his students that the futurebelngs ________ the well-educated.2.This training prgramme can give yu a lift at wrk, as well________ increase yur incme by 40%.3.All the peple were fighting against the fld in ________
(defend) f their wn hmes.
were surrunded
4.The buses, mst f which were already full, _______________(surrund) by an angry crwd.5.There is a grwing evidence ________ smking can lead tmany diseases.6.Judging frm his _________ expressin, this prblem must bequite _________.(puzzle)7.When I came hme last night, I saw my kid ________ (seat) nthe bed, with his whle attentin fixed upn the bk.
8.In additin, I wnder hw much yu will charge me ________the six-week curse.9.________ huge amunt f envirnmental damage has beencaused by human activities.10._______________ (apprach) the vehicle, they saw that awman was trying t get ut f the brken windw.
1.belng vi.应在(某处)；适应
①He belngs t the glf club.他是高尔夫俱乐部的一员。②All members have a sense f belnging and are willing tdevte themselves t the develpment f the cmmunity.所有成员都有一种归属感，并且愿意为社区的发展奉献自己。
③He was tld t pack up all f his letters and persnal
belngings.他被告知整理好他的全部信件和个人物品。
belng t 属于【点津】
belng t 既不能用于被动语态，也不能用于进行时态，其中的 t 是介词；作后置定语时，用 belnging t 或含有 belng t 的定语从句。
【拓展】belngings n.财产；所有物a sense f belnging 归属感【即学即用】
(1)Having sld mst f his ___________ (belng), he almst hadnthing left in the huse.
完成句子，每空一词(2)离开餐馆前请带走属于你的所有东西。Take everything __________ ________ ________ befre leaving
the restaurant.
＝ Take everything ________ ________ ________ ________befre leaving the restaurant.
2.surrund vt.围绕；包围
①The lake is surrunded with/by trees and flwers.这个湖被绿
②They all went ut t lk fr the lst child in the surrundingvillages.他们都出去到周围的村子里寻找那个走失的孩子。③ Living in beautiful and cmfrtable surrundings, we feelvery happy.生活在美丽舒适的环境中，我们感到很幸福。
be surrunded by/with 被……包围【拓展】
(1)surrunding adj.周围的(2)surrundings n.环境
is surrunded
【即学即用】单句语法填空(1)The whle city ____________ (surrund) by water, making itvery beautiful.(2)Peple say it is Canada's mst beautiful city, ____________(surrund) by muntains and the Pacific Ocean.(3)The __________ (surrund) villages have been absrbed bythe grwing city.
3.achievement n.成就；成绩；达到【典例】
①T ur satisfactin, we have made many achievements s far.
令我们满意的是，到目前为止，我们已经取得了许多成就。
②We felt a great sense f achievement when we reached the tpf the Great Wall.当我们到达长城之巅时，我们有一种巨大的成就感。
③T achieve his gal, he takes full advantage f every minute.
为了实现他的目标，他充分利用每一分钟。
make an achievement/achievements 取得成就a sense f achievement 成就感【拓展】
(1)achieve vt.实现；达到；完成achieve success 取得成功
achieve ne's gal/dream 实现某人的目标/梦想(2)achievable adj.可实现的
【即学即用】单句语法填空(1)His great ___________ (achieve) is t make all the players inta united team.(2)Even a small success can give yu ____________ sense fachievement.(3)It is ften a gd idea t start with smaller, easily __________(achieve) gals.
4.charge n.收费；指控；主管 vt.收费；控告；充电
①Hw much d yu charge fr the repairs ？ 你收多少修理
②The cmpany charged him with using the cmpany's mneyfr his wn purpse.公司指控他挪用公司的钱为自己谋私利。③If yu buy this machine, the delivery will be free f charge.如
果你购买这台机器，将免费送货。
④The cmpany was badly rganised until she tk charge f it.
在她掌管这家公司之前，公司的管理一直很差。
charge sb.sme mney fr (ding) sth. 因( 做) 某事向某人收取
charge sb.with (ding) sth.＝accuse sb.f (ding) sth.控告/ 指责
free f charge 免费
take charge (f) 主管/负责in charge (f) 负责/掌管
in the charge f...由……负责
【点津】in charge f 往往以人作主语，指“某人负责(主管)某事”；inthe charge f 往往以物作主语，指“某物由某人主管”。类似的短语 还 有 ： in cntrl f ( 控 制 ), in the cntrl f (由……控制); inpssessin f (拥有), in the pssessin f (被……拥有)。【即学即用】
(1)He charged me 80 yuan ________ mending my cmputer.(2)Museum's special exhibitin area will nw be free ________
完成句子，每空一词(3)史密斯先生在老板不在时负责这家公司。The cmpany is ________ ________ ________ ________ MrSmith while the bss is away.＝ Mr Smith is ________ ________ ________ the cmpanywhile the bss is away.
5.apprach n.方法；途径；接近
vi.靠近【典例】①I appreciate the teacher's new apprach t teaching languages.我欣赏这位老师教授语言的新方法。②His spirits rse at the apprach f the summer hliday.随着暑假的来临，他的精神振奋起来。③We must apprach the prblem frm a different standpint.我们必须换一种角度来处理这个问题。
an apprach t (ding) sth.(做)某事的方法/途径；通往……的
the apprach f...……的来临/临近【点津】
an apprach t...中的 t 为介词，后跟名词、代词或动名词。【拓展】
表示“来临，靠近”的短语还有：be cming, draw near, be n
the way, be arund the crner 等。
写出下列句子中 apprach 的中文含义(1)As I apprached the huse, I nticed a light n upstairs.________(2)Their dmestic refrms did nthing t apprach the prblemf unemplyment.________(3)We will be explring different appraches t gatheringinfrmatin.________
(4)Facing up t yur prblems rather than running away frmthem is the best apprach t ________ (wrk) things ut.
1.break away (frm sb./sth.) 脱离；背叛；逃脱【典例】
①Sme hundred years later, the Great Flu Epidemic brke ut in1918, als knwn as the Spanish Flu, killing 50 millin peple.几百年后，1918 年爆发了大流感，也被称为西班牙流感，造成 5000 万人死亡。
②In rder t imprve yur study, yu shuld first break awayfrm yur bad study habits.为了提高你的学习成绩，你首先应该改掉你不良的学习习惯。
break dwn (机器)出故障；(身体)垮掉；(精神)崩溃；(谈判等)
break up 解散；分手；(婚姻、恋爱关系)破裂break ut (战争、火灾、疾病等)爆发，发生break in 插嘴；打断；闯入break int 强行闯入
break thrugh 取得突破break ff 中断；断开
【即学即用】用适当的介词或副词填空(1)He brke ________ as he thught f his failure t sell all hispapers.(2)We were discussing ur plans, but had t break ________when the telephne rang.(3)Dark cluds were gathering in the sky.War was sn t break________.
(4)They say they wrk t hard and that is why s many f theirmarriages break ________.(5)Scientists think they are beginning t break ________ in thefight against cancer.
2.as well as 同(一样也)；和；还【典例】
①Dr Smith, as well as his wife and daughter, is ging t visitBeijing this summer.史密斯博士以及他的妻子和女儿将于今年夏天访问北京。
②I wish I culd speak English as well as he can.我希望自己英
③We are ging t the cinema tnight, and why dn't yu cmealng as well？我们今天晚上打算去看电影，你为什么不也一起来
(1)当 as well as 连接并列主语时，句子的谓语要与 as well as前的主语在人称和数上保持一致，即“就近原则”。类似用法的词 ( 组 ) 还 有 ： with, tgether with, alng with, rather than, like,including 等。
(2)主谓一致中，采用“就近原则”的有：, either...
r..., nt als..., , there be...。(3)as well 意为“也”，置于肯定句句末。
(4)表示“与……一样好”的短语有 as well as 和 as gd as，
其中 well 是副词，gd 是形容词。
【即学即用】单句语法填空(1)Peter as well as his friends _______ (like) t listen t classicalmusic.(2)T my surprise, Xia Wang speaks English as ________ (gd)as Chinese.(3)As well as ________ (g) t the mvies and ftball matcheswith my friends, I spend a lt f time with my pets.
3.keep yur eyes pen (fr) 留心；留意【典例】
①If yu keep yur eyes pen, yu will make few mistakes.如果
你留心一下，你就会很少犯错误。
②Many ld peple cannt keep up with the develpment f
technlgy.许多老年人不能跟上科技的发展。
③Nbdy can entirely keep away frm this cmpetitive sciety.
没有人能够完全远离这个竞争社会。
④Besides building up my bdy and enriching my knwledge,they als keep me free frm the heavy wrk f study. 除了让我强身健体、丰富知识外，它们还让我免除了繁重的学习负担。
keep up with 跟上；赶上
keep away frm 远离；避开；不接近keep sb.frm ding sth.阻止某人做某事keep (n) ding sth.一直做某事
keep in tuch with...与……保持联系
frm/f...使……免受(影响、伤害等)
【即学即用】单句语法填空(1)Please keep yur eyes pen ________ a by in a red sweater.(2)We must keep them frm ________ (get) t knw ur plans.(3)Of curse I can keep ________ tuch with everyne thrughthe Internet.
1.On a quiet mrning in the muntains, feel the sun n yurskin, and breathe in the sweet scent f fresh flwers while birds
greet the new day with their mrning sng.(教材 P44)在山间一个宁静的早晨，感受阳光照在你的皮肤上，呼吸到鲜花的芳香，而鸟儿用它们的晨歌迎接新的一天。
【剖析】 本句是复合句。句中 while 是并列连词，连接两个分句，意为“而；然而”，表前后意义上的对比或转折。
①(2023·北京卷·书面表达)While yu are able t pick up a newhabit in a few weeks, it takes many mnths t build a healthy habit.虽然你可以在几周内养成一个新习惯，但养成一个健康的习惯需要几个月的时间。
②(2022·6 月浙江卷 · 读后续写)Sme lked like they hadttally given up n life, while thers seemed t be making the best fthe situatin, smiling and jking.有些人看起来已经放弃了生活，而另一些人似乎在充分利用这种情况，微笑着开玩笑。
③(2022·北京卷·完形填空)He must have been waiting there fr
quite a while！他一定在那里等了很长时间了！
【拓展】while 还可以作名词，意为“一段时间；一会儿”，其搭配有：fr a while (一会), after a while (一段时间之后), nce in a while (偶
【辨析】 while 与 when
写出下列句子中 while 的中文含义
(1)(2022· 北京卷 · 完形填空)One Mnday mrning, while the
children were enjying “free play”, I stepped t the drway f theclassrm t take a break.________________
(2)After walking fr a while, the travellers fund themselves lst
in the frest.____________
(3)While I am willing t help, I d nt have much time
available.________________
(4)Tm is very gd at science, while his brther des well in
literature.________
2.With all this beauty, it is nt surprising that Ireland hasdevelped strng traditins that include music, dancing, and
dining.(教材 P44)有了这些美景，爱尔兰发展出包括音乐、舞蹈和餐饮在内的强大传统也就不足为奇了。
【剖析】 本句是复合句。It is/was surprising that...意为“……是令人吃惊的”，it 在句中作形式主语，代指后面 that 引导的主语从句。
①(2022·全国甲卷·阅读理解 A)It is hard t name a cmedy starwh hasn't been n the stage here.很难说出一个没有上过舞台的喜剧明星的名字。
②(2022·全国乙卷·阅读理解 D)It is believed that tday's children
and teenagers are cnsuming three times the recmmended level f
sugar, putting them at a higher risk f the disease.据信，如今的儿童和青少年摄入的糖是建议水平的三倍，这使他们患上这种疾病的风险更高。
③It takes twenty minutes t reach yur place.到你的地方需要
(1)________ tk her a lng time t push her way thrugh thecrwd.(2)(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷·阅读理解 A 改编)It is imprtant _______take careful ntes during class.(3)It is n use _______ (waste) time discussing hw it happened.
(4)________ ________ ________ ________ ________ (很可惜)the industrial cities built in the nineteenth century dn't attract visitrs.
【句型升级】按要求完成句子1.Setting a gal fr yurself is imprtant, which will make yuwrk harder than befre.(改写句子)Setting a gal fr yurself is imprtant, ________ yu wrk
harder than befre.
2.If it is necessary, we will have the ld huse pulled dwn.(用省
if necessary
We will have the ld huse pulled dwn ______________.3.Pr sleep may result in vereating.Yu seek energy t relieveyur tiredness.(用 as 合并句子)________________________________________________________________________
Pr sleep may result in vereating as yu seek energy t relieve
yur tiredness.
4.The Internet changed ur life.At the same time it als brught
us sme unexpected bad influence.(用 while 合并句子)
____________________________________________________
______________________________________
5.I have a lt f hmewrk t d.I can't g ut with yu.(用
“with＋宾语＋宾补”结构改写句子)
__________________________, I can't g ut with yu.
The Internet changed ur life while at the same time it als
brught us sme unexpected bad influence.
With a lt f hmewrk t d
根据提示，运用本单元的单词、短语、句型和适当的连词，
1.随着高考的结束，有很多同学想去旅游来开拓自己的视野。
(braden ne's hrizns)
2.如果想玩得更好、旅行顺利，你最好提前做好准备。(have a
better trip, make yur trip smth, ahead f time)
3.可以上网查阅当地的历史传统和风俗习惯，以及当地有名的小吃。(surf the Internet, lcal histry and custm, as well as)