高考英语一轮复习选择性必修第四册UNIT1 SCIENCE FICTION课件

这是一份高考英语一轮复习选择性必修第四册UNIT1 SCIENCE FICTION课件，共60页。PPT课件主要包含了核心单词阅读词汇，fiction，ridiculous，dignity，salary，absurd，guilty，suspend，dismiss，whereas等内容，欢迎下载使用。

1.bnus n.意外收获；奖金；红利2.integrity n.诚实正直；完整；完好
3.nail n.指甲；趾甲；钉子 vt.(用钉子)钉牢；固定4.ladder n.梯子；阶梯
5.rumur n.谣言；传闻
6.presume vt.& vi.假设；假定7.fare n.车费；船费；飞机票价
8.chairwman n.女主席；女董事长；女委员长9.gramme n.克(重量单位)
10.flur n.面粉；(谷物磨成的)粉
11.venue n.活动场地(如音乐厅、会场等)
12.alien n.外星人(生物)；外国人 adj.陌生的；外星的；外国
13.blurred adj.模糊不清的；难以区分的14.leather n.皮革；[pl.]皮衣；皮外套15.lever n.操纵杆；杠杆
16.panel n.控制板；仪表盘；专家咨询组17.backwards adv.向后；倒着；往回18.hazy adj.模糊的；朦胧的；困惑的
19.handkerchief n.手帕；纸巾20.lamp n.灯；台灯
21.puff n.(烟、气等的)一缕；少量；喘息
22.jlt n.震动；摇晃；颠簸 vt.& vi.(使)震动：摇晃23.flip vt.& vi.(使)快速翻转；(用手指)轻抛24.stun vt.使震惊；使昏迷
25.verstatement n.夸大；夸张
高频词汇1.________ n.小说：虚构的事2.________ adj.愚蠢的；荒谬的；荒唐的3.________ n.庄重；庄严；尊严
4.________ n.薪水；薪金
5.________ adj.荒谬的；荒唐的6.________ adj.内疚的；有罪的；有过失的
7.________ vt.悬；挂；暂停；暂缓8.________ vt.让(某人)离开；解散；解雇；消除9.________ cnj.然而；但是；尽管
10.________ adj.每周的 n.周刊
11._________ adj.更好的；占优势的；(在级别或重要性上)更
12.________ n.劳动(者)；体力劳动 vi.奋斗；努力工作
13.________ n.英寸(长度单位，等于 2.54 厘米)
14.________ vt.& vi.紧握；抓紧15.________ vt.(去)拿来；(去)请来
16.________ n. 速度；步伐；节奏
vt.& vi.确定速度；调整
17.________ adj.随机的；不可思议的
拓展词汇1.________ vt.任命；委派→appintment n.预约；约会；委任2.saleswman n.女售货员；女推销员→________ n.售货员；推
3.________ vt.表明；宣称；公布→declaratin n.宣告；宣言；
4.calculate vt. 计算；核算；预测→_____________ n. 计算→_____________ n.计算器5.inactin n.无行动；不采取措施→________ n.行动；行为
6.niece n.侄女；外甥女→________ n.侄子；外甥7.________ vi.& vt.划分；分割；分配；分开→divisin n.分开；
8.urge n. 强烈的欲望；冲动
vt. 催促；力劝；大力推荐→
________ adj.急迫的；迫切的；紧急的→________ n.急迫性
9.maximum adj.最大极限的
n.最大量；最大限度→________
adj.最小极限的 n.最小量；最小限度
10.explde vi.& vt.爆炸；爆破→________ n.爆炸；爆发；激增11.mud n.泥；泥浆→________ adj.泥泞的；多泥的
熟词生义1.labur【熟义】 n.劳动(者)；体力劳动 vi.奋斗；努力工作【生义】 vi.艰难地做【典例】 She is laburing under an unfair disadvantage.她在不公平的劣势下艰难地工作。
【熟义】 vi.& vt.爆炸；爆破【生义】 vi.(情感) 迸发
【典例】 “What happened！” I explded.“出什么事了！”
重点短语1.test ________ 检验；测试2.________ like 更像是；更接近3.________ a 根据；以……的方式(基准)4.prs ________ cns 事物的利与弊；支持与反对5.superir ________ 比……更好；更胜一筹6.take ________ 占上风；取而代之；接管；接手
7.cnflict ________ 与……冲突或抵触8.turn ________ 关掉；熄灭；在场；使朝外；结果是9.fall ________ (逐渐)减少；消失10.have ________ urge t 有强烈的欲望做某事
1.Tny tld her she ________ ________ ________ and was justas gd as Gladys.托尼对克莱尔说，她这样想有点敏感，其实她就像格拉迪斯一样好。句式结构句式 1：be being＋adj.为进行时结构，是强调形容词的一种形式
2.He suggested that she ________ Gladys and her friends t thehuse the night befre he was t leave and Larry was t return.他建议她邀请格拉迪斯和她的朋友来家里，在他离开和拉里回来的前一天晚上。句式结构句式 2：suggest 引导宾语从句时，从句用虚拟语气
3.She heard him declare ________ he did nt want t leave herthe next day, ________ ________ he felt mre than just the desire tplease her.她听见他说他明天不想离开她，他感觉到的不仅仅是想让她高兴。句式结构句式 3：动词 declare 后接宾语从句，第一个宾语从句中的 that可以省略，而第二个 that 不可以省略
教材原句4.________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________________ the first f all Time Machines began its career.今天十点钟，第一台时间机器开始了它的工作。句式结构句式 4：it 为强调句句型
5.________ ________ ________ ________ ________, the wallsf the labratry fell away, and I was left in the pen air.随着我的步伐加快，实验室的墙壁消失了，我被留在了户外。句式结构句式 5：as 意为“随着……”时，引导时间状语从句
(shuld) invite
1.I felt guilty ___________ my cnflict with my dear friend and I
must aplgise t him.
2.The salesman didn't wrk yesterday because he had sme__________ (urge) things t handle.3.It is _________ (calculate) that Eurpean railways alne spendabut 20 billin eurs a year n maintenance.
4.He ________________ (dismiss) frm his jb fr inactin and
incmpetence.
was dismissed
5.T my great srrw, my gd friend didn't turn up at the____________ (appint) time.6.Of the tw frmats, I think this ne is superir ______ the ther
7.The ____________ (divide) f labur between wrkers andmanagement will change in the near future.
8.The interviews were given t __________ randm sample fstudents, whse result is fair.9.We drve alng a ____________ (mud) rad t reach thefarmhuse.10.The system was intrduced _________ a trial basis fr nemnth.
1.appintment n.预约；约会；委任【典例】
①His appintment made everyne very happy.他的任命使大家
②My teacher made a suggestin that I shuld aplgise t yufr failing t keep the appintment. 我的老师建议我为没能赴约向你道歉。
take up an appintment as...担任……(职务)
make/have/fix an appintment with sb.和某人约会keep/break an appintment 守约/违约【拓展】
(1)appint vt.约定；确定(时间、地点等)；任命；委派appint sb.(as/t be)...任命某人(为……)appint sb.t d sth.委派某人做某事
appint a date/place fr sth.为某事约定好日期/地点(2)appinted adj.指定的；约定的
(1)I have an ___________ (appint) with Dr Smith, but I need tchange it.(2)My mther didn't turn up at the ________ (appint) time; thatis, she brke an appintment.完成句子，每空一词(3)他被任命为我们的班长，这是令人信服的。________ ____________ ________ ________ ________ is
(4)我被任命负责安排那天的所有活动。I ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________arranging all the activities n that day.(5)罗伯特和戏剧俱乐部的领导约好了见面。Rbert had ________ _______ ___________ ________ the headf the Drama Club.
2.declare vt.表明；宣称；公布
①In September 1939, Britain declared war n Germany afterGermany invaded Pland.1939 年 9 月，德国入侵波兰后，英国向德国宣战。
②The area has been declared t be a natinal park.该地区已被
③Our cuntry had declared against any war between the twcuntries, which will be annunced t the natin.我国已经宣布反对两国之间的任何战争，这将向全国宣布。
declare war (n...) (向……)宣战
declare fr/against sb./sth.表示赞成/反对某人/某物declare sb./sth.t be/as...宣布某人/某事为……declare neself＋adj.宣称自己……It is/was declared that...据宣布……
【辨析】 declare 与 annunce
【拓展】declaratin n.声明；宣告the declaratin f war 宣战【即学即用】
(1)The UN has declared it ________ (be) a safe zne.(2)He declared ________ he wuld fight fr his right.
(3)法庭宣布被告无罪。
The accused man ______ ________ ______ _______ ________
by the curt.
(4)你知道美国是什么时候对叙利亚宣战的吗？D yu knw the time when America ________ ______ ______
(5)据说那个人想成为第一个踏足火星的人。________ ________ ________ ________ the man wants t be
the first t set ft n Mars.
3.calculate vt.计算；核算；预测
①It is rughly calculated that in 1997 alne, abut 2.3 millinpeple died f AIDS.据粗略统计，仅在 1997 年，就有 230 万人死于艾滋病。
②Sally calculated that she wuld have abut $100 left. 莎莉估
计她还剩大约 100 美元。
③She is calculated t cmplete her study and graduate later this
year.她计划在今年晚些时候完成学业并毕业。
calculate that...计算出……
It is/has been calculated that...据估算……be calculated t d sth.计划做某事【拓展】
(1)calculatin n.计算；估算；推测(2)calculated adj.精心策划的；蓄意的(3)calculating adj.精明的
(4)calculatr n.计算器(5)表示 “计划做某事”的短语还有：be due t d sth.，be scheduled t d sth.等。【即学即用】
t calculate
(1)I calculated ________ we wuld arrive at 6：00 p.m.(2)The painting is s valuable that it is difficult ____________(calculate) what its price wuld be.(3)Experiment and _________ (calculate) cannt d all its wrk.
完成句子，每空一词(4)据计算，去年至少丧失了 47，000 个工作岗位。________ ________ ________ ___________ ________ at least47，000 jbs were lst last year.
4.divisin n.分开；分隔；差异；除(法)【典例】
①There was a divisin f pinin n the matter.在这个问题上
②In grups discuss what the pssible wrk divisin was between
men and wmen.小组讨论男女之间可能的工作分工。
③The curse bk is divided int 30 lessns.这本教材有 30 课。
a divisin f ……的分歧
the divisin ……和……的分界
【辨析】 divide 与 separate
divide vi.&vt.(把……)分成(若干部分) vt.把……隔开；分配；
把……分成……be divided int...被划分为……
divide (up) sth.amng/between...在……之间分配/分享某物
(1)T his parents' jy, the by has learnt t d ________ (divide).(2)The capacity t think separates humans ________ animals.
(3)该国可以被分为三个主要地区。The cuntry can ________ ________ ________ three main areas.
5.urge n.强烈的欲望；冲动 vt.催促；力劝；大力推荐
①I have a strng urge t travel all ver the wrld.我有到世界
②The expert urges that yung cuples shuld set aside smemney every mnth in case f emergency.专家敦促年轻夫妇每个月应该留出一些钱以备不时之需。
the urge t d sth.做某事的欲望
have an urge t d sth.有做某事的冲动urge sb.t d sth.敦促某人做某事
urge sth.n/upn sb.强烈要求某人某事【点津】
(1)urge that...竭力主张……(从句中谓语动词用虚拟语气，即谓
语动词用“shuld＋动词原形”，shuld 可以省略)
(2)It is/was urged that...坚决主张……(从句中谓语动词用虚拟语气，即谓语动词用“shuld＋动词原形”，shuld 可以省略)
(1)urgent adj.紧急的；紧迫的in urgent need f...急需……(2)urgency n.紧急；紧迫
a matter f great urgency 极为迫切的问题
(shuld) be kept
(1)Parents shuld actively urge their children ________ (take)advantage f the pprtunity t jin sprts teams.(2)It is strngly urged that the library ________________ (keep)
pen during the vacatin.
(3)The peple in the earthquake-stricken area are in ________(urge) need f fd, medicine and shelters.
1.test ut 检验；测试【典例】
①This new kind f medicine is tested ut n animals first. 这种
新药首先被用在动物身上做试验。
②We need t realise that if we are ging t succeed, we have ttry ut.我们需要认识到，如果我们想要成功，我们必须尝试。③If yu study in a systematic way, yu wn't leave anything ut.
如果你以一种系统的方式学习，你不会遗漏任何东西。
try ut 尝试；考验；验证give ut 分发；用完leave ut 省略；遗漏
set ut (t d sth.)出发；开始(做某事)put ut 扑灭
make ut 弄清楚；理解
用上面的短语的适当形式填空(1)We ________________ t paint the whle huse but finishednly the frnt part that day.(2)The teacher stressed again that the students shuld nt________________ any imprtant details while retelling the stry.(3)The lng race ______________ the swimmers' endurance.(4)The teacher______________ the exam papers.
tested/tests ut
2.cnflict with 与……冲突或抵触【典例】
①Jhn has a rigid character and ften cmes int cnflict withhis bss.约翰是一个刻板的人，他经常和老板发生冲突。②She fund herself in cnflict with her parents ver the future
career.她发现自己与父母在未来的职业问题上有分歧。
in cnflict with sb.和某人冲突
cme int cnflict with sb.与某人产生矛盾/发生冲突bring sb.int cnflict with 使某人与……产生冲突the cnflict 和……之间的冲突cnflict f interest(s)利益冲突
(1)这些结果与先前的发现相矛盾。These results ________ ________ earlier findings.(2)这个故事讲述了爱与责任之间的经典冲突。The stry tells f a classic __________ __________ ________________ ________.
(3)她经常与婆婆发生冲突。She had ften ________ ________ ________ ________ her
mther-in-law.
(4)她发现自己在大学专业的问题上与父母存在分歧。She fund herself ________ ________ ________ her parents
ver her cllege majr.
3.turn ut 关掉；熄灭；在场；使朝外；结果是【典例】
①The whle village turned ut t welcme the her. 全村的人
②He gt his first bk published.It turned ut t be a bestseller.
他的第一本书出版了。结果这本书成了畅销书。
③Dn't wrry.I'm sure yur missing glasses will turn up sner
r later.别担心。我相信你丢失的眼镜迟早会出现的。
turn ut (t be)...最后结果是……；最终成为……It turns/turned ut that...结果是……；证明是……【拓展】
turn up 调高(音量等)；出现；到来turn dwn 调低(音量等)；拒绝turn n 打开(水、煤气、电灯等)turn ff 关掉(水、煤气、电灯等)turn arund 转身
turn ver 移交；(使)翻转
用 turn 的相关短语并结合句意补全语段由于生病，我的搭档不得不把我们的项目移交给我。尽管我对这个项目心里没底，我也不能拒绝他。如果我遇到不能解决的东西，我会向我的搭档寻求指导。完成所有的数据分析后，我按时上交我们的项目。结果我们的有说服力的研究得了最高分。一得知结果，我就出现在医院里，和他分享这个好消息，我们的脸
上都洋溢着明媚的笑容。
My partner had t (1)____________________________ becausef his illness.Althugh I was unsure abut the prject, I (2)________________________________.If I came acrss what I culdn't settle, I(3)____________________________________.With all the statisticalanalyses finished, I (4)____________________________________.It(5)____________ that ur persuasive study wn the highest grade.Themment I learnt the result, I (6) ____________________________,sharing the gd news with my partner and ur faces beamed with
bright smiles.
wuld turn t my partner fr guidance
turn ver ur prject t me
turn him dwn
turned in the prject punctually/n time
turned up at the hspital
1.He suggested that she invite Gladys and her friends t the
huse the night befre he was t leave and Larry was t return.(教材 P3)他建议她邀请格拉迪斯和她的朋友来家里，就在他离开和拉里回来的前一天晚上。
【剖析】 suggest 表示“建议”后接宾语从句时，从句中谓语动词用虚拟语气，即谓语动词用“(shuld＋)动词原形”，shuld可以省略。但当 suggest 表示“表明”后接宾语从句时，从句中谓语动词用陈述语气。
①(2023· 全国甲卷 · 七选五型阅读理解)Hwever, research
suggests that if we practiced patience, we'd be a whle lt better ff.然而，研究表明，如果我们练习耐心，我们会好得多。
②The manager put frward a suggestin that we (shuld) have
an assistant.经理建议我们应该有一个助手。
(1)demand, recmmend, rder, require, insist, suggest, prpse,
advise, request, urge, cmmand, prefer, desire 等动 词引 导的 宾语 从句中的虚拟语气结构为“(shuld＋)动词原形”，shuld 可以省略。如：
They insisted that the little by (shuld) g with them.他们坚决
要求那个小男孩跟他们一起去。
(2)在主语从句“It is desired/suggested/prpsed/recmmended/necessary/imprtant/strange/natural/essential/a pity＋that...”中，从句的谓语动词用“(shuld＋)动词原形”，shuld 可以省略。如：
It is suggested that the meeting (shuld) be put ff till next week.
人们建议本次会议推迟到下周。
(3)在 suggestin, prpsal, rder, plan, request, idea, advice 等名词后的表语从句和同位语从句中要用虚拟语气，其构成是“(shuld＋)动词原形”，shuld 可以省略。如：
My idea is that we (shuld) think it ver befre accepting it.我的
意见是在接受之前我们要仔细考虑。
【即学即用】完成句子，每空一词(1)了解到你对中国文化的浓厚兴趣，我建议你申请北京大学，中国最好的大学之一。Learning yur keen interest in Chinese culture, I suggest_______ ________ _______ Peking University, ne f the best
universities in China.
(2)我不是建议你们忽视问题，或者假装事情比实际情况更好。I dn't suggest yu ________ ________ ________ ，r that yupretend things are better than they are.(3)她的表情表明她已经困了，因此她父亲建议她立刻去睡觉。Her lk suggested that ________ ________ ________, s herfather suggested that she ________ ________ ________ at nce.
2.She heard him declare that he did nt want t leave her thenext day, and that he felt mre than just the desire t please her.
(教材 P3)她听见他说他明天不想离开她，他感觉到的不仅仅是想让她高兴。
【剖析】 句中 declare后接两个宾语从句，用and连接。其中，第一个宾语从句中的 that 可以省略，而第二个 that 不可以省略。
①(2021·1 月浙江卷· 语法填空)In a study f 33 years f trendsin Bdy Mass Index ( 体重指数) acrss 200 cuntries, the scientists
fund that peple wrldwide are getting heavier and that mst f the
rise is due t gains in BMI in rural areas.科学家们对全球 200 个国家33 年来人们的体重指数的趋势进行了研究，发现全世界的人都在变胖，其中大部分原因是农村地区的体重指数增加。
②My uncle says (that) he has served here fr twenty years andthat he is ging t retire next mnth.我叔叔说他在这儿工作已经二十年了，下个月即将退休。
在 declare, say, believe, hpe 等动词引导的宾语从句中，第一个宾语从句中的 that 可以省略，但 and 后面的 that 不能省略。如果引导的是多个宾语从句，第一个 that 可以省略，其他的 that 都不能省略。
【即学即用】单句语法填空(1)She said (that) she wuld cme，and _______ she wuld bring
(2)I believe that yu've dne yur best _______ that things willget better.
Here are my tips n hw t prepare fr it.
1.这是我的关于如何为之准备的建议。(here 位于句首的全部
(shuld) be tld
____________________________________________________2.He demanded t be tld everything at any time.(改写句子)He demanded that he ________________ everything at any time.
As she was attracted by the beauty f nature
3.Attracted by the beauty f nature, the girl frm Lndn decided
t spend anther tw days n the farm.(改写句子)
_____________________________________________, the girlfrm Lndn decided t spend anther tw days n the farm.
4.为了更好地保护海洋，我们必须敦促更多的人去反思他们不适合的行为并且做出改变。①T prtect ceans better, we ___________________________________________________________________________________and make changes.(urge sb.t d sth.)②T prtect ceans better, we ___________________________________________________________________________________
and make changes.(urge that...)
must urge that mre peple
(shuld) reflect n their wn imprper behaviur
reflect n their wn imprper behaviur
must urge mre peple t
The new system is being tested ut by them t see if it wrks
5.They are testing ut the new system t see if it wrks well.(用
____________________________________________________
写作课上，你协助修改同桌写的以下作文。文中共有 10 处语言错误, 每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改
With the develp f science and technlgy, intelligent rbtswill be widely used in the future.In families, rbts will help pepled sme husewrks and take care f the elderly, babies andpatients.In additin n these tasks, rbts will even be able t play thechess and d exercise with peple.In factries, rbts were ging t be
used t perfrm sme dangerus jbs t avid accidents.Rbts willchange ur future life in much ways, which will make mre clurfuland cmfrtable.And we shuldn't depend n intelligent rbts tmuch, fr they are made t help humans rather than replacing us.Ashelpers f humans, rbts shuld be used prper.