专题25 短文填空 考点3 自由填空和综合填空（教师卷+学生卷）- 2024年中考英语真题分类汇编（全国通用）

这是一份专题25 短文填空 考点3 自由填空和综合填空（教师卷+学生卷）- 2024年中考英语真题分类汇编（全国通用），文件包含专题25短文填空考点3自由填空和综合填空教师卷-2024年中考英语真题分类汇编全国通用docx、专题25短文填空考点3自由填空和综合填空学生卷-2024年中考英语真题分类汇编全国通用docx等2份试卷配套教学资源，其中试卷共12页， 欢迎下载使用。

一、短文自由填空
（2024·河南·中考真题）
阅读短文，根据语篇要求填空，使短文通顺、意思完整。每空限填一词。
Reading Wrksheet
【答案】1．is 2．the 3．f 4．that/which 5．t
【导语】本文介绍了三个故事和对故事的看法。
1．句意：我们应该记住说真话是很重要的。根据“it…imprtant t tell the truth”可知，此处需要be动词作谓语，时态是一般现在时，主语是it，故填is。
2．句意：这可能是最著名的短篇小说了。根据“This might be…mst famus shrt stry f all.”可知，此处是“the+形容词最高级”结构，故填the。
3．句意：它告诉我们，我们应该为自己感到骄傲，即使我们看起来或感觉和别人不一样。根据“It tells us that we shuld be prud…wh we are”可知，be prud f“为……感到骄傲”，固定短语，故填f。
4．句意：这是一个有趣的故事，教会我们一起工作和分享。根据“It is an interesting stry…teaches us t wrk tgether and share.”可知，此处是定语从句，先行词是物，引导词在从句中作主语，用that/which引导。故填that/which。
5．句意：你也可以让你的朋友考虑一下。根据“Yu can als ask yur friends…think abut it.”可知，此处是ask sb t d sth短语，故填t。
（2024·内蒙古赤峰·中考真题）
阅读短文，根据语篇内容填空，使短文通顺、意思完整，每空限填一词。
The Cuntry fair (集市) is a cmmn frm f trading in China.
In my hmetwn, Chifeng, there 6 fairs early in the mrning. They are very ppular. Fds, fruits, vegetables, clthes and daily necessities are displayed alng bth sides 7 the rad. The fairs are pen fr just 2 r 3 hurs, s peple ften get 8 very early. They are very excited t d this kind f shpping.
In 9 last mnth f the lunar year, the fairs are busier than usual. Gds fr the Spring Festival are fund there. Families ften d the shpping tgether. They buy delicius fd, pictures, duilian and s n. It is the happiest mment fr kids. Their parents ften buy sme firewrks fr 10 . This is what happiness is abut.
【答案】6．are 7．f 8．up 9．the 10．them
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，作者介绍了自己家乡的集市。
6．句意：在我的家乡赤峰，一大早就有集市。此处是there be句型，意为“有”。时态是一般现在时，主语是复数，be动词用are。故填are。
7．句意：食物、水果、蔬菜、衣服和生活必需品陈列在道路两侧。bth sides f the rad“道路两侧”，用介词f，表“……的”。故填f。
8．句意：集市只开放两三个小时，所以人们常常起得很早。此处指人们为了赶集会起得很早。get up“起床”，动词短语。故填up。
9．句意：在农历的最后一个月，集市比平时更繁忙。根据“In…last mnth f the lunar year”可知，此处特指农历的最后一个月，其前应加定冠词the。故填the。
10．句意：他们的父母经常给他们买一些烟花。buy sth. fr sb.“给某人买某物”。此处指父母给孩子们买烟花，故用代词宾格them，指代上文提到的kids，作介词fr的宾语。故填them。
（2024·山西·中考真题）
请阅读下面语篇，根据其内容，在空白处填入适当的单词，使其通顺、连贯，并将答案写在答题卡相应的位置上。每空一词。
【答案】11．like/including 12．peple/persns 13．helped 14．up 15．but
【导语】本文讲述了我们的生活中既有苦涩，也有甜蜜。当我们面对苦涩时，不要忘记寻找生命中的甜蜜。
11．句意：苦涩来自很多事情，比如/包括早起，做各种练习等等。此处缺少介词，下文用以举例一些苦涩的事情，故用like“例如”或including“包括”。故填like/including。
12．句意：甜蜜来自爱我们的人。此处缺少名词作宾语。根据下文“The first must be ur parents…Besides, we want t express thanks t ur teachers.…”可知，此处指甜蜜来自于爱我们的人们，故用peple“人”或名词复数persns“人”。故填peple/persns。
13．句意：他们帮助我们展现了自己最好的一面。此处缺少谓语动词。根据“Besides, we want t express thanks t ur teachers. They…us t bring ut the best in urselves.”可知，此处指老师帮助我们展现最好的一面。help“帮助”，动词，结合下文“They helped us t keep mving…”可知，此处是一般过去时，谓语动词用其过去式。故填helped。
14．句意：当我们想放弃的时候，他们帮助我们继续前进。根据“They helped us t keep mving when we wanted t give…”可知，此处指当我们想要放弃的时候，同学们帮助我们前进。give up“放弃”，动词短语。故填up。
15．句意：苦涩只是外表，但甜蜜是内在。此处缺少连词，前后文之间是转折关系，故用but“但是”连接。故填but。
二、短文综合填空
（2024·黑龙江齐齐哈尔·中考真题）
阅读短文，根据首字母或所给词的适当形式填空，使文章语义通顺。
Electric cars may seem t be a recent inventin, but they have been arund fr years. In the early 1900s, there were mre electric cars n the rad t 16 gasline (汽油) cars. At that time, gasline was expensive cmpared with ther fuels (燃料), s electric cars were mre ppular.
When gasline prices d 17 and new technlgies n gasline cars were develped, electric cars were ut f date. Gasline cars became mre ppular i 18 .
During the 20th century, gasline cars gt bigger, 19 (heavy) and faster. Mre and mre peple had bught gasline cars. Mre fuel was needed. S this c 20 mre air pllutin. When peple began t r 21 that there were nt enugh il n the earth, they required car 22 (make) t prduce mre efficient (高效能的) cars.
One methd f 23 (slve) the prblem was a “hybrid” car, ne that ran partly n gasline and partly n electricity. Hybrid cars became ppular in the 2000s because gasline prices went up while prices f hybrid cars went dwn.
An all-electric car uses n gasline. H 24 , the prblem is that electric cars are nt suitable fr lng jurneys. Many peple are nt pleased with it. The gvernment and the car factries are wrking tgether t develp safe, cheap and 25 (use) electric cars. When mre and mre peple have these electric cars in the future, a gasline statin may disappear.
【答案】
16．(t)han 17．(d)rpped 18．(i)nstead 19．heavier 20．(c)aused 21．(r)ealize/(r)ealise 22．makers 23．slving 24．(H)wever 25．useful
【导语】本文主要介绍了电动汽车的发展情况。
16．句意：在20世纪初，路上行驶的电动汽车比汽油车多。根据“there were mre electric cars n the rad t... gasline (汽油) cars”可知，路上行驶的电动汽车比汽油车多，than“比”符合语境，故填(t)han。
17．句意：当汽油价格下降和汽油车的新技术被开发出来时，电动汽车就过时了。根据“When gasline prices d... and new technlgies n gasline cars were develped, electric cars were ut f date.”可知，汽油价格下降且有技术更新，电动汽车会过时，drp“下降”，时态是一般过去时，动词用过去式。故填(d)rpped。
18．句意：汽油车反而变得更受欢迎。根据“electric cars were ut f date. Gasline cars became mre ppular i...”可知，电动汽车过时了，那么汽油车反而变得更受欢迎，instead“反而”符合语境，故填(i)nstead。
19．句意：在20世纪，汽油车变得更大、更重、更快。此处与bigger和faster并列，所以用形容词比较级heavier“更重”，故填heavier。
20．句意：这就造成了更多的空气污染。根据“Mre and mre peple had bught gasline cars, mre fuel was needed. S this c... mre air pllutin.”可知，使用更多的燃料造成了更多的空气污染，cause“造成”，时态是一般过去时，动词用过去式。故填(c)aused。
21．句意：当人们开始意识到地球上没有足够的石油时，他们要求汽车制造商生产更节能的汽车。根据“When peple began t r... that there were nt enugh il n the earth”可知，人们意识到地球上没有足够的石油，realize/realise“意识到”，began t d sth“开始做某事”，故填(r)ealize/(r)ealise。
22．句意：当人们开始意识到地球上没有足够的石油时，他们要求汽车制造商生产更节能的汽车。根据“they required prduce mre efficient (高效能的) cars”可知，要求汽车制造商生产更节能的汽车，maker“制造商”，此处表示复数含义，使用名词复数形式，故填makers。
23．句意：解决这个问题的一种方法是“混合动力”汽车，一种部分使用汽油，部分使用电力的汽车。f是介词，其后用动名词作宾语，故填slving。
24．句意：然而，问题是电动汽车不适合长途旅行。前后两句构成转折关系，可用hwever“然而”连接，句首需大写首字母。故填(H)wever。
25．句意：政府和汽车工厂正在合作开发安全、便宜和有用的电动汽车。此处与safe和cheap并列作定语，useful“有用的”符合语境，故填useful。
（2024·重庆·中考真题）
根据下面短文内容及部分首字母提示，在短文的空格处填上一个最恰当的词，使短文完整、通顺。请将完整的单词填写在答题卡上对应的位置。
“D yu get enugh sleep?” The answer is prbably n if yu ask a tired student wh is always taking a nap (小睡) n a classrm desk. “I culdn’t get t sleep and experienced a restless night again.” Yu may ften hear such wrds frm an adult. Nt having enugh 26 is a cmmn prblem arund the wrld.
Hwever, sleep is just like fd and water t us. 27 f us can live if we dn’t sleep at all. Sleep experts say that an adult requires 7 t 9 hurs f sleep a night and a teenager needs 8.5 t 9.5 hurs. Anything less culd be h 28 t ur health.
Accrding t a study, sleeping nly five hurs a night fr a week is like having a bld-alchl (酒精) level f 0.1 percent. That is abve the safe driving limit (限制) in mst cuntries. Mst peple prbably wuldn’t take an exam r g t wrk if they get drunk. But 29 enugh sleep, they still d these things. As a result, they 30 in the exams r perfrm badly at wrk. What’s wrse, dctrs and nurses ften wrk lng hurs. When they are sleepy, they might hurt a patient r even 31 a patient’s death by accident.
32 sleep is s imprtant, many peple these days are nt getting enugh. In a survey, twenty percent say that daytime sleepiness influences their daily wrk. They feel it hard t pay full attentin during the day. Hwever, they dn’t seem t care. Sme even shw ff hw energetic they can be the next day just with little sleep. It may be time t wake up and 33 the way we think. We shuld realize that nt sleeping enugh is a serius prblem.
【答案】26．sleep 27．Nne 28．(h)armful 29．withut 30．fail 31．cause 32．Thugh/Althugh 33．change
【导语】本文介绍了充足睡眠的重要性。
26．句意：睡眠不足是世界上一个普遍的问题。enugh形容词，修饰名词，根据“D yu get enugh sleep?”可知此处介绍睡眠不足的问题，sleep表示“睡眠”。故填sleep。
27．句意：如果不睡觉，我们不能生存。根据“if we dn’t sleep at all”可知不睡觉，大家都不能生存，nne f表示“没有”，强调三者或三者以上都不，位于句首，首字母大写。故填Nne。
28．句意：任何不足都可能对我们的健康有害。根据“Sleep experts say that an adult requires 7 t 9 hurs f sleep a night and a teenager needs 8.5 t 9.5 hurs.”可知此处介绍睡眠不足对健康有害，此空为形容词作表语，harmful表示“有害的”。故填(h)armful。
29．句意：但是没有充足的睡眠，他们仍然做这些事。根据“Mst peple prbably wuldn’t take an exam r g t wrk if they get drunk.”可知饮酒不能做的事，但是没有充足的睡眠仍然会去做。介词withut表示“没有”。故填withut。
30．句意：结果他们考试失败或者在工作中表现不好。此空为谓语动词，根据“in the exams r perfrm badly at wrk.”可知此处指考试失败，fail表示“失败”，主语是复数，谓语动词用原形。故填fail。
31．句意：当他们困了的时候，他们可能会伤害病人，甚至意外导致病人的死亡。r连接并列的动词原形，根据“a patient’s death by accident.”可知此处指意外导致人死亡，cause表示“引起”。故填cause。
32．句意：尽管睡眠如此重要，现在很多人也没有充足睡眠。根据“sleep is s imprtant, many peple these days are nt getting enugh.”可知此句是让步状语从句，用thugh或althugh引导，位于句首，首字母大写。故填Thugh/Althugh。
33．句意：也许是时候醒过来，改变我们的思维方式了。and连接并列的动词原形，根据“We shuld realize that nt sleeping enugh is a serius prblem.”可知此处指改变“我们”的思维方式，change表示“改变”。故填change。
（2024·重庆·中考真题）
根据下面短文内容及部分首字母提示，在短文的空格处填上一个最恰当的词，使短文完整、通顺。
In the wrld that we are creating very quickly, we’re ging t see mre and mre things that lk like science fictin, and fewer and fewer things that lk like jbs. Fr example, ur cars are very quickly ging t start driving 34 . That means we’re ging t need fewer drivers. At the same time, there might be sme new kinds f 35 in the future. Let’s have a lk at sme f them.
Rbts will becme mre cmmn in ur hmes and schls, s we’ll need peple wh knw 36 t fix them. These wrkers will be like rbt dctrs, finding ut what’s wrng with a rbt and helping it get better.
Imagine ging n vacatin t space! In the future, mre peple might be interested in space travel, s we might need g 37 wh can shw turists arund the stars and planets.
As AI (人工智能) is develping fast, we’ll need peple t check that it wrks prperly. We call these peple AI rule keepers. They will make 38 that AI wn’t d anything harmful t humans.
Schl might lk different in the future, with lessns designed just fr yu. Then we’ll need p 39 learning planners. These planners wuld create special learning plans 40 each student, s that everyne culd get what they need t succeed.
These are just a few examples f the jbs we might have in the future. The best way t get ready fr these future jbs is t be pen t new ideas and never 41 learning. Knwledge will remain imprtant, and prblem slving and critical (批判性的) thinking skills will be needed fr ur future educatin and wrk.
【答案】34．themselves 35．jbs 36．hw 37．(g)uides 38．sure 39．(p)ersnal 40．fr 41．stp
【导语】本文主要是介绍畅想未来的几个例子。
34．句意：例如，我们的汽车很快就会开始自动驾驶。根据“Fr example, ur cars are very quickly ging t start driving...”可知，汽车会自动驾驶，此处指cars，用themselves代替。故填themselves。
35．句意：与此同时，未来可能会有一些新的工作。根据后文介绍可知，是未来的一些新工作，jbs“工作”符合语境，故填jbs。
36．句意：机器人将在我们的家庭和学校变得越来越普遍，所以我们需要知道如何修理它们的人。根据“s we’ll need peple wh fix them”可知，我们需要知道如何修理它们的人，hw“如何”符合语境，故填hw。
37．句意：在未来，更多的人可能会对太空旅行感兴趣，所以我们可能需要导游，他们可以带领游客参观恒星和行星。根据“s we might need g... wh can shw turists arund the stars and planets”可知，我们可能需要导游带领游客参观恒星和行星，guides“导游”符合语境，故填(g)uides。
38．句意：他们将确保人工智能不会对人类造成任何伤害。根据“They will AI wn’t d anything harmful t humans.”可知，确保人工智能不会对人类造成任何伤害，make sure“确保”，故填sure。
39．句意：然后我们需要个人学习规划师。根据“Then we’ll need p... learning planners. These planners wuld create special learning plans...”可知，需要个人学习规划师，persnal“个人的”，作定语修饰其后的名词，故填(p)ersnal。
40．句意：这些规划师会为每个学生制定特殊的学习计划，这样每个人都能得到他们成功所需的东西。plans fr“……的计划”，故填fr。
41．句意：为这些未来的工作做好准备的最好方法是接受新想法，永不停止学习。根据“ be pen t new ideas and ”可知，永不停止学习，stp“停止”，祈使句用动词原形，故填stp。
Stries
What d yu think f the stry?
The By Wh Cried Wlf
This is a wnderful stry everyne shuld knw. We’re suppsed t keep in mind that it 1 imprtant t tell the truth.
The Ugly Duckling
I like it! This might be 2 mst famus shrt stry f all. It tells us that we shuld be prud 3 wh we are, even if we dn’t lk r feel like everyne else.
Stne Sup
It is an interesting stry 4 teaches us t wrk tgether and share. I wnder what my friends wuld bring t put in the pt (锅) f sup if they were in the stry. Yu can als ask yur friends 5 think abut it. Their answers might be fun!
As the saying ges, “Life is like a bx f chclates, yu never knw what yu will get.”
During ur preparatin fr zhngka, we might get the bitter (苦的) chclate. The bitterness cmes frm many things, 11 getting up early, ding all kinds fexercises and s n.
But when we taste the bitterness carefully, we will be surprised t discver sme sweetness in it. The sweetness cmes frm the 12 wh lve us. The first must be ur parents. They helped us t tidy up ur rms and prepare delicius meals. Besides, we want t express thanks t ur teachers. They 13 us t bring ut the best in urselves. Als, we shuldn’t frget ur classmates. They helped us t keep mving when we wanted t give 14 . With the help f all f them, we culd achieve s much in ur life.
And life is the same. Bitterness is just the utside, 15 the sweetness is the inside. When we think life is nt what we expect, we can lk t the bright side and will find smething nice.