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译林版小学英语语法：小学英语八大时态复习课件
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这是一份译林版小学英语语法：小学英语八大时态复习课件，共60页。PPT课件主要包含了一般现在时，动词第三人称单数形式，III一般疑问句，exercise，把下列句子改为否定句，不规则动词练习，Exercise，will，don’t pass，are等内容，欢迎下载使用。
1、The Simple Present Tense 一般现在时态
表示经常发生的动作或存在的状态 常与every day , n Sundays, smetimes , ften ，usually ,always,等连用结构 ： 1、主语+动词原形+其他Eg. I have a meeting n Sundays . They visit their parents nce a mnth.
注: 主语(三单)+ 动词(第三人称单数形式)+其他
Eg.She likes it very much.She usually ges t schl at 7 ’clck every mrning.
·在动词后+s·在以s,x,ch,sh,结尾的动词+es·以辅音字母+y结尾的动词， 先变y 为i，再加es ·特殊 have-has 等
helpguessflymake leavefixswimknw
playclsegstudygetread bring watch
写出下列动词的第三人称单数形式
carry d washvisit exercise enjy jump have
be + nt dn’t d / desn’t d
II 一般现在时的否定式
1.Be 动词的否定式: be + nt
I am a teacher. Yu are a wrkerShe is a dctrWe are friends.
I’m nt a teacherYu aren’t a wrkerShe isn’t a dctr.We aren’t friends.
is nt=isn’tare nt=aren’t
2.当主语是单数第三人称时，它与助动词Des有关，但是动词谓语一定要恢复为原形。当主语是其他人称时，它与助动词D有关。
I like English.She likes it very much.We g t wrk by bike.
I dn’t like English.She desn’t like it very much.We dn’t g t wrk by bike.
概念：用 yes 或 n 来回答的疑问句叫做一般疑问句。一般疑问句句首的第一个词一般读得比较重。
1.对于be 动词，疑问句要求把be 提前，第一人称变成第二人称。
I am a teacher.
Are yu a teacher?
Yu are a wrker.
Are yu a wrker?
He is a student.
Is he a student?
We are friends.
Are yu friends?
2.对于实意动词，疑问句要求是：当主语是他(he)，她(she)，它(it)时，句子前面加des，并把动词恢复原形；当主语是其他人称时，句前加d ，第一人称(I/we) 换第二人称(yu)。
I ften g there.Yu like the music.He ges t wrk by bus .We /Yu/They like it.
D yu ften g there ?D yu like the music.?Des he g t wrk by bus ?D yu/they like it?
1.He has a meeting n Sundays ges t schl at seven in the mrning father and mther g ut fr lunch n d ur hmewrk after schl.
把下列句子改为一般疑问句
Des he have a meeting n Sundays ?
Des he g t schl at seven in the mrning?
D yur father and mther g ut fr lunch n Sundays ?
D yu d yur hmewrk after schl ?
1.My father has an egg fr breakfast Lei des his hmewrk after d ur hmewrk at have a meeting every mrning .
My father desn’t have an egg fr breakfast .
Li Lei desn’t d his hmewrk after schl.
We dn’t d ur hmewrk at hme .
They dn’t have a meeting every mrning .
1. We ften _____ (play) in the playgrund.2. He ____ (get) up at six ’clck.3. ___ yu ____ (brush) yur teeth every mrning? 4. What ___ he usually___ (d) after schl?5. Danny______ (study) English, Chinese, Maths, Science and Art at schl.6. Mike smetimes _____(g) t the park with his sister.7. She _____ (watch) TV with his parents every Mike ____(read) English every day?
用所给动词的正确形式及助动词填空
D brush
des d
Des read
The Simple Present Tense
一般过去时指动作发生在过去有时候会有例如yesterday,last year等表示 过去时间的标志一般过去时主要要注意动词的变化
含有be动词的一般过去式
She is in Beijing.She was in Beijing .I am a student.I was a student.We are friends.We were friends.
含有be动词的一般现在时变一般过去时,把is和am改成was,把are改成were
1. She is a teacher. She ___a teacher.2. They are frm Japan. They ___ frm Japan. I am very tired. I ___ very tired. He is t yung t g t schl. He ___t yung t g t schl. 5. Yu are late fr schl. Yu ___late fr schl.
不含be动词的一般过去时
不含be动词的句子改写成一般过去时，把句子中的动词改为过去式形式。通常有五种写法。
I wrk in this city.I wrked in this city last year.
They live in Shanghai .They lived in Shanghai last year.
一般情况，在动词末尾加ed
动词以e结尾的，直接在词尾加d
3、 辅音加y结尾，变y为i加ed I study in Beijing. I studied in Beijing .
Study,cpyCry ,fly
4、重读闭音节结尾，双写词尾字母加ed she stps. she stpped.
5 、特殊 I g t schl by bike every day. I went t schl by bike yesterday.
例如：have/has—had, g---went, eat---ate, say--said think—thught, cme--came
I think yu are right.I thught yu were right.She eats an apple every week.She ate an apple an hur ag..
The Future Simple Tense
相对于讲话时间将要发生的动作或情况
2.时间状语（判断标准）：
tmrrw 明天next week 下周the day after tmrrw 后天sn 不久in the future 在将来in+一段时间 多久之后才...
The Future Simple Tense
1.will+动词原形 (I /we shall)2.be ging t+动词原形3.be+v-ing4.一般现在时表将来
1.will/shall＋v原形表示一个将来的动作或状态，“要…,会…”Eg. 1) She will g t the park tmrrw. 2) I will return hme as sn as I finish my task.
2、be ging t + v原形①表示打算做某事②表示现在已经有迹象表明将要发生某事。--- What ________________d this evening?--- I am ging t d my lessns. 看那些乌云要下雨了. Lt at the dark cluds. It __________rain.
are yu ging t
3. be +v-ing g, cme, leave, start, arrive, stay, fly, land, take ff等动词可用现在进行时表示安排和计划或即将发生的动作。我们明天动身去青岛.We’re leaving fr Qingda.
6.表示与生日,日历,课时安排或交通时刻表有关的动作(一种规律) ，用一般现在时表示将来时态 常用于转移动词如：★ ( begin, cme , leave, g, arrive, start, stp, return, pen, clse… ）Eg. 1、The evening class begins at 19:00. 2、The train starts at tw.
If 条件句中，动词用一般现在时表将来。
If we hurry, we may catch the bus.如果我们快点的话，我们也许会赶上公交车 If it rains tmrrw, the travel will be canceled.如果明天下雨的话，旅游将取消。
1. —What are yu ging t d this afternn? —I am ging t the cinema with sme friends. The film _____quite early, s we ____ t the bkstre after that. A. finished; are ging B. finished; g C. finishes; are ging D. finishes; g
2. My yunger brther ____be 15 years ld next year. A. is ging t B. will C. is t D. shuld
1. The agreement __________ cme int frce next year. I’m nt feeling well, and I _______ g t see a dctr. If yu____ ____(dn’t pass) the exam, yu will be criticized by yur parents.
5.Hw _____ yu _________ spend yur hliday?— I’ve decided t repaint this rm. — Oh, have yu? What clur ____ yu _______ paint it?— The weather is s nice and I am ging t sit in the garden. — That’s a gd idea. I _________ jin yu.
Review f the Present Cntinuus Tense
一.现在进行时的定义:
现在进行时是表示现在、说话瞬间或当前一直正在做着的动作.
Eg: 1、Jenny is watching TVnw. 2、 I am writing.
五.现在进行时的判断：
（1）一般句中用到表示“在现在”的时间状语，如：nw, right nw, at the mment 或It’s+几点钟”句型，常判断用现在进行时。Eg:Let’s g fast .Mr. Wu is waiting fr us nw.It’s six ’clck.The children are playing basketball.
(2)句中用到“Listen！” “Lk!” “Keep quiet” “Dn’t make nise!”等提示语时，表明说话间另一个动作正在进行，这时，句子也要用现在进行时。Eg: Keep quiet ! The teachers are talking in the ffice.
二.现在进行时的谓语结构:
现在进行时的谓语结构为:am/is/are +现在分词.Am/is/are 在现在进行时句子谓语结构中作助动词用，无词义。Am/is/are的选择运用由句子的主语人称或数决定。
A: I am watching TV at hme.B: Dave is cleaning the flr.C: The students are seeing a mvie.
2.将现在进行的肯定句变为否定句时，在be动词后面加上nt. Eg: Steve is talking t his teacher.The children are eating sme apples at my hme.
-----Steve isn’t talking t his teacher.
----The children aren’t eating any apples at my hme.
四.现在进行时的形式转换：
1.将一个现在进行时的肯定句变为一般疑问句时，将句中的is或are提到句首。Eg: Steve is talking t his teacher . I am singing.
------Is Steve talking t his teacher?
------Are yu singing?
Talk abut the peple in the picture.
What’s he ding?He’s reading.
* What are they ding?*They are playing basketball. …
Review f the Past Cntinuus Tense
过去进行时的用法与现在进行时相仿，表示过去某时刻或阶段正在进行的动作。 结构：be（过去式）+v.ingEg. I was reading a nvel when yu called.你打电话时我正在看一本小说。
Danny ___ ___(watch) TV, when yu sang.I ___ ___ ___ ___(play cmputer game) at this time yesterday.
was watching
was playing cmputer game
表示将来某时刻正在进行的动作。 结构：will / shall +be+v.ingEg. We will be having dinner in a minute. 一会儿我们就吃饭。 Danny will be playing ftball an hur later. Danny 一会儿将会在打球。
Have a try试一试:
He___________ (watch) TV nw.I ___________(swim) at this time yesterday.She ____________(see) the sunrise at the tp f the muntain this time tmrrw.
is watching
was swimming
will be seeing
Translate翻译
他们一会儿就开会。 They will be having a meeting. 我一会儿就洗衣服。 I will be washing clthes.
7、 The Present Perfect Tense现在完成时
现在完成时表示过去发生或已经完成的某一动作对现在造成的影响或结果.通常与表示包括现在在内的时间副词 just，already, befre, yet, never, ever 等状语连用。
助动词have (has) + V过去分词注：has 用于第三人称单数，have 用于其他所有人称。否定句：have/has+ nt +V过去分词Eg.① He has never heard f that befre.② I have wrked here fr 20 years.③ She has already finished the wrk.④My aunt haven’t lived in China fr 3 years.
2.现在完成时表示过去已经开始，持续到现在,也许还会持续下去的动作或状态。可以和表示延续的时间状语连用。 如fr、since 等引导的时间状语。（注意：句中谓语动词要用延续性动词）
一段时间的表达方法有两种:fr: +一段时间 fr a year fr tw weeks fr three years
过去的某一时刻, since 9 ’clck since last week 一般过去时态的时间状语从句 since yu came since yu gt hme.
注意:fr 和since 所引导的时间状语都表示一段时间.
注意点（1）： 一些表示短暂性动作的动词如cme, g, leave, arrive, buy, begin, start, becme等 不能与表示一段时间的状语连用，这些动作 需用表示状态的词连用。
I have had this cat fr ne year.
1） I have bught this cat fr ne year.
1.直接转化成延续性动词 buy catch (get) a cld brrw cme/g /becme
2.转换成be+名词 jin the army jin the Party g t schl
be a sldier
be a Party member
be a student
3转换成be+形容词或副词 die finish begin leave fall sleep clse pen
4.转换成 be+介词短语 g t schl jin the army
be in the army
2) My uncle has cme back fr 2 days.
My uncle has been back fr 2 days.
3) The train has left fr an hur.
The train has been away fr an hur.
4) The twin brthers have jined the army fr 2 years.
The twin brthers have been in the army fr 2 years.
have been t 与have gne t 的区别。
（3） have been (t)和have gne (t)的区别： ★have / has been (t) 表示“曾经到过某地”，说话时此人不在那里，已经回来。侧重指经历。★have / has gne (t) 表示某人“已经去某地了”，说话时此人可能在路上或已到那里.试比较： He has been t Beijing. 他曾去过北京。 （人已回来，可能在这儿） He has gne t Beijing. 他已经去北京了。 （人已走，不在这儿）。
一般过去时与现在完成时之比较
一般过去时表示过去某时发生的动作或单纯叙述过去的事情，强调动作，和现在不发生关系。而现在完成时表示过去发生的某一动作对现在造成的影响或结果，强调的是现在的情况。
I saw this film yesterday. （只说明动作发生在过去。） I have seen this film. （强调对现在的影响，电影的内容已经知道了。） She has returned frm Paris. （她已从巴黎回来了。） She returned yesterday. （她是昨天回来的。） He has been in the League fr three years. (在团内的状态可延续) He jined the League three years ag. ( 三年前入团，jined为短暂行为。)
注意：句子中如有一般过去时的时间副词（如 yesterday, last week, in 1960）时，不能使用现在完成时，要用过去时。例如：（错）Tm has written a letter t his parents last night.（对）Tm wrte a letter t his parents last night.
( ) 1. —I have watched the game. —When ____ yu ____ it? A. have; watched B. d; watch C. did ;watch D. will; watch
( )2. Mr. Green ____ in China since five years ag. A. lived B. has lived C. lives D. is ging t live( )3. His grandma ______ fr tw years. A. died B. has died C. was dead D. has been dead
( )4. –Where is Han Mei nw? － She ____ t Shanghai. She will be back in tw days. A. has gne B. has been C. ges D. had gne( )5. －_____ yu ____t the United Stated ? － N, never,but I went t Canada a few years agA. Have; been B. Have; gne C. Did; g D. D; g
( )6. Hw lng have yu _____ the ftball team f the schl?A. played B. been at C. jined D been n
( )7. —Where have yu _____ these days? —I have _____ t Kunming with my friends.A been , gne B been , been C gne , been D gne, gne( )8. Hw lng have yu ____ this bk?A. bught B. brrwed C. had D. lent( )9. —Excuse me, ____ yu seen the film yet? —Yes, I _____ it last night.A have, see B have, have seen C have, seen D have, saw
My daughter __________(g) ut.I __________(hear) frm her these days.(改为现在完成时的否定句)They ___________(leave) fr tw years.The ld man _________(die) fr 4 mnths.We ________(see) yu recently.(否定句）
has been gne
haven’t heard
have been away
has been dead
haven’t seen
8、The Past Perfect Tense 过去完成时
The Past Perfect Tense 过去完成时
过去完成时的构成助动词 had (用于各种人称和数) + 过去分词
When I gt t schl, the bell had rung.
2. 过去完成时的用法:主要是表示在过去某个时间,或是动作之前已经发生或完成的动作.也就是过去的过去.
3. 常用的几种方式:用介词by, befre 等构成的时间短语.
We had learnt 20 English sngs by the end f last mnth.
The plane had taken ff when I reached the airprt.By the time I gt up , my brther had left hme.
用连词when, befre, after或者短语by the time引导的时间状语从句.
By the time I gt utside, the bus had already left.
我出去的时候,公共汽车已经开走了.
主要动词的过去式和过去分词
ring rang rungget gt gtteng went gneleave left leftstart started startedbe was/were beentake tk takenrun ran runwake wke wken
1.When I_____( get) there, the Smiths already _______ (have) their the end f last year they ______________(prduce) mre than 500,000 (read) at least 20 nvels in the past (give) the bk t Jim yesterday? N, because he ____________(brrw) ne frm the said that he_____never_____(hear) f that befre.
had prduced
现在时：谓语动词用原形或第三人称单数过去时：谓语用动词的过去式将来时：谓语用will/be ging t+动词原形
进行时：谓语用am/is/are+动词的现在分词完成时：谓语用have/has+动词的过去分词
进行时：谓语用were/was+动词的过去分词完成时：谓语用had+动词的过去分词将来时：谓语用wuld或was/were ging t+动词原形
He always _____ t schl by bus.A. gB. wentC. gesD. is ging
解析：这句话的意思是他经常坐巴士去上学。句子中出现了一般现在时的标志词always，主语是he，所以要用第三人称单数。选C。
一般现在时： 表示现阶段经常或习惯发生的动作，存在的状态, 或说明主语的特征。
①表示经常性或习惯性的动作或存在的状态。 与一般现在时连用的时间状语:※表频率：never， always，ften，usually，smetimes， nce a year, twice a mnth等。※表时间： n Sundays，n Mnday afternn，every day，in the mrning，every year等。
e.g. 他每天早上七点起床。
e.g. Leif经常在他的厕所唱歌。
He ______ up at 7 ’clck every day.
Leif always ______ in her bathrm.
② 表示客观真理、事实、人的技能或现在的状态，一般不加状语。
e.g. 地球绕着太阳转。
The earth ________ arund the sun.
e.g. 他开车开得很慢。
He ________ very slwly.
e.g. 我妈妈不是很高兴。
My mther ______ very pleased
③ 表示十分确定会发生(如安排好的事情)或按照时间表进行的（将要发生的）事情, 用一般现在可以表达将来,句子中可以有将来时间。
e.g. 开往厦门的火车将会在早上八点出发。
The train fr Xiamen ________ at 8 ’clck in the mrning.
e.g. 海豚秀将会在20分钟后开始。
The dlphin shw _______ in twenty minutes.
④ 在时间状语从句中(以when, after, befre, while, until, as sn as等引导)和条件状语从句中(以if,unless引导),用一般现在时代替一般将来时,句子中可以有将来时间。
e.g. 请你一到澳大利亚就给我打电话。
Please ring me as sn as yu ______ in Australia.
如果明天不下雨我们就必须去欢乐谷。
We must g t Happy Valley if it _______ rain tmrrw.
We _____ the farmers with the apple picking last week.A. will help B. helpC. helpedD. are helping
解析：这句话的意思是我们上星期帮助农民摘苹果。句子中出现了一般过去时的时间标志词last week，显然用过去式。选C。
一般过去时： 表示过去某时发生的动作或状态, 可以是一次性的也可以是经常性的。
①表示过去具体时刻发生的一次性动作时。 时间标志词:※ at eight ，ten minutes ag, yesterday, last week, 2 years ag, in 1995, in the past, the ther day, at that time, just nw等。※when 引导的时间状语从句
e.g. 他刚刚才到家。
He _______ at hme just nw.
e.g. 我今早六点就醒来了。
I __________ at six this mrning.
e.g. 昨晚当Evan睡着了他爸爸才回来。
When Evan fall asleep his father _______ back.
② 表示过去一个阶段中经常发生的事。
e.g. 刘阿姨的儿子在年轻的时候从来不打篮球。
Aunt Liu’s child never _______ basketball when he was yung.
时间状语:※ last…, in…, frm…t…, fr+时间段,ften, usually, smetimes, always, never等。※when 引导的时间状语从句
e.g.我昨天很难过因为我没吃早餐。
I _____sad yesterday because I didn’t have my breakfast.
gt gtten
went gne
ate eaten
did dne
said said
tk taken
gave given
came cme
bught bught
There ________ a dlphin shw in the z tmrrw evening. A. was B. is ging t have C. will have D. is ging t be
解析：这句话的意思是明天晚上动物园将会有一场海豚秀。句子中出现了将来时的时间标志词tmrrw，海豚秀是在计划之内的事情，所以要用句型be ging t，选D。
一般将来时：表示将来某一时刻或经常发生的动作或状态。
① 时间标志词 ： tmrrw, this (afternn),next (year),ne day, sn, smeday, smetime, in the future, in+一段时间
② 结构：主语+ will/ be ging t / shall + 动词原形
③ 注意啦：be ging t 与will 的区别
There _____ tw meetings tmrrw afternn. are ging t be B. is ging t have C. is ging t be D. will have
be ging t结构常用于计划之内的事情
—Alan, it’s late. Why nt g t bed? — Jenny hasn’t cme back yet. I _______ fr her. A. waited B. have waited C. am waiting D. was waiting
解析：句意“艾伦，很晚了，为什么还不睡？”“詹妮还没有回来。 我_____她”。语境分析，艾伦现在是正在等詹妮回来。应用现在进行时态。故选C。
--What were yu ding this time yesterday?--We ____n the grass and drawing a B. sat C. was sitting D. were sitting
解析：此题我们应该看到时间标志词，this time yesterday, 因此应该是过去进行时态，故选D。
现在进行时：现在正在进行的动作或是现阶段正发生而此刻不一定在进行的动作。过去进行时：表示过去正在发生的动作。
① 时间标志词（现在进行时） ： nw, lk, listen （过去进行时）：when, while, at 8:00 yesterday
② 结构：主语+ be 动词（am, is, are/ was, were）+ ding
③ 注意啦：有几个词可以用现在进行时表将来。
-- Lucy! Wuld yu like t give me a hand?-- OK. I _______.will cme B. cme C. am cming D. wuld cme
begin, start, cme, g, leave
-- Lucy, ____ yu ____ yur ticket? -- Nt yet. A. did; find B. have; fund C. has; fundD. d; find
解析：这句话的意思是你找到你的票了吗？从回答中的yet可以得知要用现在完成时态。故选C。
现在完成时：现在完成时表示一个发生在过去的、对现在仍有影响的动作,或表示开始在过去,并且一直延续到现在,甚至还可能延续下去的动作。
① 时间标志词 ： already, just, yet, ever, never, s far(till nw/up t nw), recently, in the past 3 years, befre, since+时间点,fr+时间段
② 结构：主语+ have/ has + dne
用法：1) 有影响： I have finished my hmewrk. 我已经完成我的作业了。 2) 表持续： I have stayed here fr an hur. 我已经在这待了半小时了。
瞬间动词 & 延续性动词
若句中出现时间段，则必须使用延续性动词。瞬间动词和延续性动词转换关系如下：
1.The film began 5 minutes left an hur man died a week jined the club 3 days gt married 10 years came here an hur gt hme 2 hurs pened the dr just nw.9.I brrwed the bk a week ag.10.I bught the car a year ag.
The film___ ___ ___ fr 5 minutes.They____ ____ ____fr an hur.The man___ ____ ____ fr a week.He___ ____ ___the club fr 3 days.They____ ____ _______fr 10 years.He___ ____ here since an hur ag.Jack____ _____ hme fr 2 hurs.The dr____ ______pen fr a while. I____ _____the bk fr a week.I____ ____the car since a year ag.
has been in
have been married
has been
By the time I gt t the cinema, the mvie _______ fr ten minutes. A. had begun B. had been n C. has started D. has been n
解析：这句话的意思是，当我抵达电影院的时候，电影已经开始十分钟了。从前半句的by the time中可以得知，这是过去完成时态，发生在过去的过去，而后接的是时间段，所以要用延续性动词。故选B。
过去完成时：过去完成时表示过去某一时间或某一动作发生之前已经完成的动作。
① 时间标志词: by (yesterday), by then, by the end f (last…), by the time…
② 结构：主语+ had+ dne
注意啦：过去完成时常用于宾语从句、after引导的从句,或者从句是befre引导的主句中。
e.g. After I ____ _____ (put) n my shes and hat, I walked int the darkness. 穿上鞋子和帽子之后，我走向了黑暗。
He asked if I _______ stay here.A. wuld B. willC. am ging tD. was ging t
解析：这句话的意思是，他问我是否会留下来。宾语从句中主句为过去式则从句必须为相对应的过去时，根据句意要用过去将来时，故选A。
过去将来时：表示从过去某一时间看将来发生或预计将要的动作或存在的状态。
① 时间标志词: later, sn, the next (day)
② 结构：主语+ wuld + 动词原形
注意啦：过去将来时常由于宾语从句中
Tm tld me (that) he ___________ (g) swimming the next day.
1、The Simple Present Tense 一般现在时态
表示经常发生的动作或存在的状态 常与every day , n Sundays, smetimes , ften ，usually ,always,等连用结构 ： 1、主语+动词原形+其他Eg. I have a meeting n Sundays . They visit their parents nce a mnth.
注: 主语(三单)+ 动词(第三人称单数形式)+其他
Eg.She likes it very much.She usually ges t schl at 7 ’clck every mrning.
·在动词后+s·在以s,x,ch,sh,结尾的动词+es·以辅音字母+y结尾的动词， 先变y 为i，再加es ·特殊 have-has 等
helpguessflymake leavefixswimknw
playclsegstudygetread bring watch
写出下列动词的第三人称单数形式
carry d washvisit exercise enjy jump have
be + nt dn’t d / desn’t d
II 一般现在时的否定式
1.Be 动词的否定式: be + nt
I am a teacher. Yu are a wrkerShe is a dctrWe are friends.
I’m nt a teacherYu aren’t a wrkerShe isn’t a dctr.We aren’t friends.
is nt=isn’tare nt=aren’t
2.当主语是单数第三人称时，它与助动词Des有关，但是动词谓语一定要恢复为原形。当主语是其他人称时，它与助动词D有关。
I like English.She likes it very much.We g t wrk by bike.
I dn’t like English.She desn’t like it very much.We dn’t g t wrk by bike.
概念：用 yes 或 n 来回答的疑问句叫做一般疑问句。一般疑问句句首的第一个词一般读得比较重。
1.对于be 动词，疑问句要求把be 提前，第一人称变成第二人称。
I am a teacher.
Are yu a teacher?
Yu are a wrker.
Are yu a wrker?
He is a student.
Is he a student?
We are friends.
Are yu friends?
2.对于实意动词，疑问句要求是：当主语是他(he)，她(she)，它(it)时，句子前面加des，并把动词恢复原形；当主语是其他人称时，句前加d ，第一人称(I/we) 换第二人称(yu)。
I ften g there.Yu like the music.He ges t wrk by bus .We /Yu/They like it.
D yu ften g there ?D yu like the music.?Des he g t wrk by bus ?D yu/they like it?
1.He has a meeting n Sundays ges t schl at seven in the mrning father and mther g ut fr lunch n d ur hmewrk after schl.
把下列句子改为一般疑问句
Des he have a meeting n Sundays ?
Des he g t schl at seven in the mrning?
D yur father and mther g ut fr lunch n Sundays ?
D yu d yur hmewrk after schl ?
1.My father has an egg fr breakfast Lei des his hmewrk after d ur hmewrk at have a meeting every mrning .
My father desn’t have an egg fr breakfast .
Li Lei desn’t d his hmewrk after schl.
We dn’t d ur hmewrk at hme .
They dn’t have a meeting every mrning .
1. We ften _____ (play) in the playgrund.2. He ____ (get) up at six ’clck.3. ___ yu ____ (brush) yur teeth every mrning? 4. What ___ he usually___ (d) after schl?5. Danny______ (study) English, Chinese, Maths, Science and Art at schl.6. Mike smetimes _____(g) t the park with his sister.7. She _____ (watch) TV with his parents every Mike ____(read) English every day?
用所给动词的正确形式及助动词填空
D brush
des d
Des read
The Simple Present Tense
一般过去时指动作发生在过去有时候会有例如yesterday,last year等表示 过去时间的标志一般过去时主要要注意动词的变化
含有be动词的一般过去式
She is in Beijing.She was in Beijing .I am a student.I was a student.We are friends.We were friends.
含有be动词的一般现在时变一般过去时,把is和am改成was,把are改成were
1. She is a teacher. She ___a teacher.2. They are frm Japan. They ___ frm Japan. I am very tired. I ___ very tired. He is t yung t g t schl. He ___t yung t g t schl. 5. Yu are late fr schl. Yu ___late fr schl.
不含be动词的一般过去时
不含be动词的句子改写成一般过去时，把句子中的动词改为过去式形式。通常有五种写法。
I wrk in this city.I wrked in this city last year.
They live in Shanghai .They lived in Shanghai last year.
一般情况，在动词末尾加ed
动词以e结尾的，直接在词尾加d
3、 辅音加y结尾，变y为i加ed I study in Beijing. I studied in Beijing .
Study,cpyCry ,fly
4、重读闭音节结尾，双写词尾字母加ed she stps. she stpped.
5 、特殊 I g t schl by bike every day. I went t schl by bike yesterday.
例如：have/has—had, g---went, eat---ate, say--said think—thught, cme--came
I think yu are right.I thught yu were right.She eats an apple every week.She ate an apple an hur ag..
The Future Simple Tense
相对于讲话时间将要发生的动作或情况
2.时间状语（判断标准）：
tmrrw 明天next week 下周the day after tmrrw 后天sn 不久in the future 在将来in+一段时间 多久之后才...
The Future Simple Tense
1.will+动词原形 (I /we shall)2.be ging t+动词原形3.be+v-ing4.一般现在时表将来
1.will/shall＋v原形表示一个将来的动作或状态，“要…,会…”Eg. 1) She will g t the park tmrrw. 2) I will return hme as sn as I finish my task.
2、be ging t + v原形①表示打算做某事②表示现在已经有迹象表明将要发生某事。--- What ________________d this evening?--- I am ging t d my lessns. 看那些乌云要下雨了. Lt at the dark cluds. It __________rain.
are yu ging t
3. be +v-ing g, cme, leave, start, arrive, stay, fly, land, take ff等动词可用现在进行时表示安排和计划或即将发生的动作。我们明天动身去青岛.We’re leaving fr Qingda.
6.表示与生日,日历,课时安排或交通时刻表有关的动作(一种规律) ，用一般现在时表示将来时态 常用于转移动词如：★ ( begin, cme , leave, g, arrive, start, stp, return, pen, clse… ）Eg. 1、The evening class begins at 19:00. 2、The train starts at tw.
If 条件句中，动词用一般现在时表将来。
If we hurry, we may catch the bus.如果我们快点的话，我们也许会赶上公交车 If it rains tmrrw, the travel will be canceled.如果明天下雨的话，旅游将取消。
1. —What are yu ging t d this afternn? —I am ging t the cinema with sme friends. The film _____quite early, s we ____ t the bkstre after that. A. finished; are ging B. finished; g C. finishes; are ging D. finishes; g
2. My yunger brther ____be 15 years ld next year. A. is ging t B. will C. is t D. shuld
1. The agreement __________ cme int frce next year. I’m nt feeling well, and I _______ g t see a dctr. If yu____ ____(dn’t pass) the exam, yu will be criticized by yur parents.
5.Hw _____ yu _________ spend yur hliday?— I’ve decided t repaint this rm. — Oh, have yu? What clur ____ yu _______ paint it?— The weather is s nice and I am ging t sit in the garden. — That’s a gd idea. I _________ jin yu.
Review f the Present Cntinuus Tense
一.现在进行时的定义:
现在进行时是表示现在、说话瞬间或当前一直正在做着的动作.
Eg: 1、Jenny is watching TVnw. 2、 I am writing.
五.现在进行时的判断：
（1）一般句中用到表示“在现在”的时间状语，如：nw, right nw, at the mment 或It’s+几点钟”句型，常判断用现在进行时。Eg:Let’s g fast .Mr. Wu is waiting fr us nw.It’s six ’clck.The children are playing basketball.
(2)句中用到“Listen！” “Lk!” “Keep quiet” “Dn’t make nise!”等提示语时，表明说话间另一个动作正在进行，这时，句子也要用现在进行时。Eg: Keep quiet ! The teachers are talking in the ffice.
二.现在进行时的谓语结构:
现在进行时的谓语结构为:am/is/are +现在分词.Am/is/are 在现在进行时句子谓语结构中作助动词用，无词义。Am/is/are的选择运用由句子的主语人称或数决定。
A: I am watching TV at hme.B: Dave is cleaning the flr.C: The students are seeing a mvie.
2.将现在进行的肯定句变为否定句时，在be动词后面加上nt. Eg: Steve is talking t his teacher.The children are eating sme apples at my hme.
-----Steve isn’t talking t his teacher.
----The children aren’t eating any apples at my hme.
四.现在进行时的形式转换：
1.将一个现在进行时的肯定句变为一般疑问句时，将句中的is或are提到句首。Eg: Steve is talking t his teacher . I am singing.
------Is Steve talking t his teacher?
------Are yu singing?
Talk abut the peple in the picture.
What’s he ding?He’s reading.
* What are they ding?*They are playing basketball. …
Review f the Past Cntinuus Tense
过去进行时的用法与现在进行时相仿，表示过去某时刻或阶段正在进行的动作。 结构：be（过去式）+v.ingEg. I was reading a nvel when yu called.你打电话时我正在看一本小说。
Danny ___ ___(watch) TV, when yu sang.I ___ ___ ___ ___(play cmputer game) at this time yesterday.
was watching
was playing cmputer game
表示将来某时刻正在进行的动作。 结构：will / shall +be+v.ingEg. We will be having dinner in a minute. 一会儿我们就吃饭。 Danny will be playing ftball an hur later. Danny 一会儿将会在打球。
Have a try试一试:
He___________ (watch) TV nw.I ___________(swim) at this time yesterday.She ____________(see) the sunrise at the tp f the muntain this time tmrrw.
is watching
was swimming
will be seeing
Translate翻译
他们一会儿就开会。 They will be having a meeting. 我一会儿就洗衣服。 I will be washing clthes.
7、 The Present Perfect Tense现在完成时
现在完成时表示过去发生或已经完成的某一动作对现在造成的影响或结果.通常与表示包括现在在内的时间副词 just，already, befre, yet, never, ever 等状语连用。
助动词have (has) + V过去分词注：has 用于第三人称单数，have 用于其他所有人称。否定句：have/has+ nt +V过去分词Eg.① He has never heard f that befre.② I have wrked here fr 20 years.③ She has already finished the wrk.④My aunt haven’t lived in China fr 3 years.
2.现在完成时表示过去已经开始，持续到现在,也许还会持续下去的动作或状态。可以和表示延续的时间状语连用。 如fr、since 等引导的时间状语。（注意：句中谓语动词要用延续性动词）
一段时间的表达方法有两种:fr: +一段时间 fr a year fr tw weeks fr three years
过去的某一时刻, since 9 ’clck since last week 一般过去时态的时间状语从句 since yu came since yu gt hme.
注意:fr 和since 所引导的时间状语都表示一段时间.
注意点（1）： 一些表示短暂性动作的动词如cme, g, leave, arrive, buy, begin, start, becme等 不能与表示一段时间的状语连用，这些动作 需用表示状态的词连用。
I have had this cat fr ne year.
1） I have bught this cat fr ne year.
1.直接转化成延续性动词 buy catch (get) a cld brrw cme/g /becme
2.转换成be+名词 jin the army jin the Party g t schl
be a sldier
be a Party member
be a student
3转换成be+形容词或副词 die finish begin leave fall sleep clse pen
4.转换成 be+介词短语 g t schl jin the army
be in the army
2) My uncle has cme back fr 2 days.
My uncle has been back fr 2 days.
3) The train has left fr an hur.
The train has been away fr an hur.
4) The twin brthers have jined the army fr 2 years.
The twin brthers have been in the army fr 2 years.
have been t 与have gne t 的区别。
（3） have been (t)和have gne (t)的区别： ★have / has been (t) 表示“曾经到过某地”，说话时此人不在那里，已经回来。侧重指经历。★have / has gne (t) 表示某人“已经去某地了”，说话时此人可能在路上或已到那里.试比较： He has been t Beijing. 他曾去过北京。 （人已回来，可能在这儿） He has gne t Beijing. 他已经去北京了。 （人已走，不在这儿）。
一般过去时与现在完成时之比较
一般过去时表示过去某时发生的动作或单纯叙述过去的事情，强调动作，和现在不发生关系。而现在完成时表示过去发生的某一动作对现在造成的影响或结果，强调的是现在的情况。
I saw this film yesterday. （只说明动作发生在过去。） I have seen this film. （强调对现在的影响，电影的内容已经知道了。） She has returned frm Paris. （她已从巴黎回来了。） She returned yesterday. （她是昨天回来的。） He has been in the League fr three years. (在团内的状态可延续) He jined the League three years ag. ( 三年前入团，jined为短暂行为。)
注意：句子中如有一般过去时的时间副词（如 yesterday, last week, in 1960）时，不能使用现在完成时，要用过去时。例如：（错）Tm has written a letter t his parents last night.（对）Tm wrte a letter t his parents last night.
( ) 1. —I have watched the game. —When ____ yu ____ it? A. have; watched B. d; watch C. did ;watch D. will; watch
( )2. Mr. Green ____ in China since five years ag. A. lived B. has lived C. lives D. is ging t live( )3. His grandma ______ fr tw years. A. died B. has died C. was dead D. has been dead
( )4. –Where is Han Mei nw? － She ____ t Shanghai. She will be back in tw days. A. has gne B. has been C. ges D. had gne( )5. －_____ yu ____t the United Stated ? － N, never,but I went t Canada a few years agA. Have; been B. Have; gne C. Did; g D. D; g
( )6. Hw lng have yu _____ the ftball team f the schl?A. played B. been at C. jined D been n
( )7. —Where have yu _____ these days? —I have _____ t Kunming with my friends.A been , gne B been , been C gne , been D gne, gne( )8. Hw lng have yu ____ this bk?A. bught B. brrwed C. had D. lent( )9. —Excuse me, ____ yu seen the film yet? —Yes, I _____ it last night.A have, see B have, have seen C have, seen D have, saw
My daughter __________(g) ut.I __________(hear) frm her these days.(改为现在完成时的否定句)They ___________(leave) fr tw years.The ld man _________(die) fr 4 mnths.We ________(see) yu recently.(否定句）
has been gne
haven’t heard
have been away
has been dead
haven’t seen
8、The Past Perfect Tense 过去完成时
The Past Perfect Tense 过去完成时
过去完成时的构成助动词 had (用于各种人称和数) + 过去分词
When I gt t schl, the bell had rung.
2. 过去完成时的用法:主要是表示在过去某个时间,或是动作之前已经发生或完成的动作.也就是过去的过去.
3. 常用的几种方式:用介词by, befre 等构成的时间短语.
We had learnt 20 English sngs by the end f last mnth.
The plane had taken ff when I reached the airprt.By the time I gt up , my brther had left hme.
用连词when, befre, after或者短语by the time引导的时间状语从句.
By the time I gt utside, the bus had already left.
我出去的时候,公共汽车已经开走了.
主要动词的过去式和过去分词
ring rang rungget gt gtteng went gneleave left leftstart started startedbe was/were beentake tk takenrun ran runwake wke wken
1.When I_____( get) there, the Smiths already _______ (have) their the end f last year they ______________(prduce) mre than 500,000 (read) at least 20 nvels in the past (give) the bk t Jim yesterday? N, because he ____________(brrw) ne frm the said that he_____never_____(hear) f that befre.
had prduced
现在时：谓语动词用原形或第三人称单数过去时：谓语用动词的过去式将来时：谓语用will/be ging t+动词原形
进行时：谓语用am/is/are+动词的现在分词完成时：谓语用have/has+动词的过去分词
进行时：谓语用were/was+动词的过去分词完成时：谓语用had+动词的过去分词将来时：谓语用wuld或was/were ging t+动词原形
He always _____ t schl by bus.A. gB. wentC. gesD. is ging
解析：这句话的意思是他经常坐巴士去上学。句子中出现了一般现在时的标志词always，主语是he，所以要用第三人称单数。选C。
一般现在时： 表示现阶段经常或习惯发生的动作，存在的状态, 或说明主语的特征。
①表示经常性或习惯性的动作或存在的状态。 与一般现在时连用的时间状语:※表频率：never， always，ften，usually，smetimes， nce a year, twice a mnth等。※表时间： n Sundays，n Mnday afternn，every day，in the mrning，every year等。
e.g. 他每天早上七点起床。
e.g. Leif经常在他的厕所唱歌。
He ______ up at 7 ’clck every day.
Leif always ______ in her bathrm.
② 表示客观真理、事实、人的技能或现在的状态，一般不加状语。
e.g. 地球绕着太阳转。
The earth ________ arund the sun.
e.g. 他开车开得很慢。
He ________ very slwly.
e.g. 我妈妈不是很高兴。
My mther ______ very pleased
③ 表示十分确定会发生(如安排好的事情)或按照时间表进行的（将要发生的）事情, 用一般现在可以表达将来,句子中可以有将来时间。
e.g. 开往厦门的火车将会在早上八点出发。
The train fr Xiamen ________ at 8 ’clck in the mrning.
e.g. 海豚秀将会在20分钟后开始。
The dlphin shw _______ in twenty minutes.
④ 在时间状语从句中(以when, after, befre, while, until, as sn as等引导)和条件状语从句中(以if,unless引导),用一般现在时代替一般将来时,句子中可以有将来时间。
e.g. 请你一到澳大利亚就给我打电话。
Please ring me as sn as yu ______ in Australia.
如果明天不下雨我们就必须去欢乐谷。
We must g t Happy Valley if it _______ rain tmrrw.
We _____ the farmers with the apple picking last week.A. will help B. helpC. helpedD. are helping
解析：这句话的意思是我们上星期帮助农民摘苹果。句子中出现了一般过去时的时间标志词last week，显然用过去式。选C。
一般过去时： 表示过去某时发生的动作或状态, 可以是一次性的也可以是经常性的。
①表示过去具体时刻发生的一次性动作时。 时间标志词:※ at eight ，ten minutes ag, yesterday, last week, 2 years ag, in 1995, in the past, the ther day, at that time, just nw等。※when 引导的时间状语从句
e.g. 他刚刚才到家。
He _______ at hme just nw.
e.g. 我今早六点就醒来了。
I __________ at six this mrning.
e.g. 昨晚当Evan睡着了他爸爸才回来。
When Evan fall asleep his father _______ back.
② 表示过去一个阶段中经常发生的事。
e.g. 刘阿姨的儿子在年轻的时候从来不打篮球。
Aunt Liu’s child never _______ basketball when he was yung.
时间状语:※ last…, in…, frm…t…, fr+时间段,ften, usually, smetimes, always, never等。※when 引导的时间状语从句
e.g.我昨天很难过因为我没吃早餐。
I _____sad yesterday because I didn’t have my breakfast.
gt gtten
went gne
ate eaten
did dne
said said
tk taken
gave given
came cme
bught bught
There ________ a dlphin shw in the z tmrrw evening. A. was B. is ging t have C. will have D. is ging t be
解析：这句话的意思是明天晚上动物园将会有一场海豚秀。句子中出现了将来时的时间标志词tmrrw，海豚秀是在计划之内的事情，所以要用句型be ging t，选D。
一般将来时：表示将来某一时刻或经常发生的动作或状态。
① 时间标志词 ： tmrrw, this (afternn),next (year),ne day, sn, smeday, smetime, in the future, in+一段时间
② 结构：主语+ will/ be ging t / shall + 动词原形
③ 注意啦：be ging t 与will 的区别
There _____ tw meetings tmrrw afternn. are ging t be B. is ging t have C. is ging t be D. will have
be ging t结构常用于计划之内的事情
—Alan, it’s late. Why nt g t bed? — Jenny hasn’t cme back yet. I _______ fr her. A. waited B. have waited C. am waiting D. was waiting
解析：句意“艾伦，很晚了，为什么还不睡？”“詹妮还没有回来。 我_____她”。语境分析，艾伦现在是正在等詹妮回来。应用现在进行时态。故选C。
--What were yu ding this time yesterday?--We ____n the grass and drawing a B. sat C. was sitting D. were sitting
解析：此题我们应该看到时间标志词，this time yesterday, 因此应该是过去进行时态，故选D。
现在进行时：现在正在进行的动作或是现阶段正发生而此刻不一定在进行的动作。过去进行时：表示过去正在发生的动作。
① 时间标志词（现在进行时） ： nw, lk, listen （过去进行时）：when, while, at 8:00 yesterday
② 结构：主语+ be 动词（am, is, are/ was, were）+ ding
③ 注意啦：有几个词可以用现在进行时表将来。
-- Lucy! Wuld yu like t give me a hand?-- OK. I _______.will cme B. cme C. am cming D. wuld cme
begin, start, cme, g, leave
-- Lucy, ____ yu ____ yur ticket? -- Nt yet. A. did; find B. have; fund C. has; fundD. d; find
解析：这句话的意思是你找到你的票了吗？从回答中的yet可以得知要用现在完成时态。故选C。
现在完成时：现在完成时表示一个发生在过去的、对现在仍有影响的动作,或表示开始在过去,并且一直延续到现在,甚至还可能延续下去的动作。
① 时间标志词 ： already, just, yet, ever, never, s far(till nw/up t nw), recently, in the past 3 years, befre, since+时间点,fr+时间段
② 结构：主语+ have/ has + dne
用法：1) 有影响： I have finished my hmewrk. 我已经完成我的作业了。 2) 表持续： I have stayed here fr an hur. 我已经在这待了半小时了。
瞬间动词 & 延续性动词
若句中出现时间段，则必须使用延续性动词。瞬间动词和延续性动词转换关系如下：
1.The film began 5 minutes left an hur man died a week jined the club 3 days gt married 10 years came here an hur gt hme 2 hurs pened the dr just nw.9.I brrwed the bk a week ag.10.I bught the car a year ag.
The film___ ___ ___ fr 5 minutes.They____ ____ ____fr an hur.The man___ ____ ____ fr a week.He___ ____ ___the club fr 3 days.They____ ____ _______fr 10 years.He___ ____ here since an hur ag.Jack____ _____ hme fr 2 hurs.The dr____ ______pen fr a while. I____ _____the bk fr a week.I____ ____the car since a year ag.
has been in
have been married
has been
By the time I gt t the cinema, the mvie _______ fr ten minutes. A. had begun B. had been n C. has started D. has been n
解析：这句话的意思是，当我抵达电影院的时候，电影已经开始十分钟了。从前半句的by the time中可以得知，这是过去完成时态，发生在过去的过去，而后接的是时间段，所以要用延续性动词。故选B。
过去完成时：过去完成时表示过去某一时间或某一动作发生之前已经完成的动作。
① 时间标志词: by (yesterday), by then, by the end f (last…), by the time…
② 结构：主语+ had+ dne
注意啦：过去完成时常用于宾语从句、after引导的从句,或者从句是befre引导的主句中。
e.g. After I ____ _____ (put) n my shes and hat, I walked int the darkness. 穿上鞋子和帽子之后，我走向了黑暗。
He asked if I _______ stay here.A. wuld B. willC. am ging tD. was ging t
解析：这句话的意思是，他问我是否会留下来。宾语从句中主句为过去式则从句必须为相对应的过去时，根据句意要用过去将来时，故选A。
过去将来时：表示从过去某一时间看将来发生或预计将要的动作或存在的状态。
① 时间标志词: later, sn, the next (day)
② 结构：主语+ wuld + 动词原形
注意啦：过去将来时常由于宾语从句中
Tm tld me (that) he ___________ (g) swimming the next day.
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