译林版小学英语语法;被动被动语态课件

这是一份译林版小学英语语法;被动被动语态课件，共43页。PPT课件主要包含了Active，Passive，are，cleaned， used， were， taken，Is ， talked等内容，欢迎下载使用。
Hi, Everyne!
We call the princess Laura.
The princess is called Laura.
Active vice
Passive vice
The lights were turned ff by Tm.The windws are cleaned every week.Millie’s clsed the dr.The TV was turned n. The by made a mdel plane. A ttal(总数) f 8 questins are answered.
一：英语的谓语动词有两种语态
We speak English.
English is spken by us.
主动语态和被动语态。主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者，被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者。
汉语中常用“被”、“给”、“由”、“受”等词用来表示英语用： 助动词be + 及物动词的过去分词构成。
Read text-2
When can we use the passive vice?
不知道动作的执行者是谁，或没有必要指出动 作的执行者时。
My bike was stlen last night. 昨晚我的自行车被偷了。Letters are cllected at eight every mrning. 信件每天早晨八点收取。
The desk was made by Master Wang. 这张课桌是王师傅做的。 The bag was taken away by his sister. 那个包是她姐姐提走的。
2. 为了强调或突出动作的承受者时。
 1. We clean the classrm every day.   The classrm is cleaned by us every day. 2. They make shes in that factry. Shes are made by them in that factry. 3. Peple plant trees in Spring. Trees are planted by peple in Spring. 4. His mther usually washes dishes after dinner. Dishes are usually washed by his mther after dinner. 5. Mre and mre peple speak Chinese in the wrld. Chinese is spken by mre and mre peple in the wrld.
二、 被动语态的时态、人称和数的变化 主要体现在be的变化上，其形式与系动词be的变化形式完全一样。以 give 为例，列表如下： 一般现在时： 一般过去时： 一般将来时： 一般过去将来时： 现在进行时： 过去进行时： 现在完成时： 过去完成时: 将来完成时： 过去将来完成时： 
am / is / are + dne was / were + dne shall / will + be dne (is/are ging t be dne)shuld / wuld + be dne am / is / are + being + dne was / were + being + dne have / has + been + dne had + been + dne shall / will + have been + dne shuld / wuld + have been + dne
三、常见时态中的被动语态1. 一般现在时： (1)Peple grw rice in the suth f the cuntry. Rice is grwn in the suth f the cuntry. (2)The schl desn't allw us t enter the library withut a teacher. We are nt allwed t enter the library withut a teacher.
2. 一般过去时： (1)My cusin bught a bk yesterday. The bk was bught by my cusin yesterday. (2) She designed the fashin clthes. The fashin clthes were designed by her. (3) They didn’t speak English after class English wasn’t spken by them after class.
3. 一般将来时： (1)Her parents will send her abrad . She will be sent abrad by her parents. (2) We are ging t hld a sprts meeting tmrrw. A sprts meeting is ging t be hld tmrrw.
4. 现在进行时： (1) They are ding their hmewrk n the cmputer nw. Their hmewrk is being dne n the cmputer nw. (2) We are painting the rms. The rms are being painted by us.
5. 过去进行时： (1)The wrkers were mending the rad at 7 yesterday. The rad was being mended at 7 yesterday. (2)This time last year we were planting trees here. Trees were being planted here this time last year.
6. 现在完成时： (1)Smene has tld me the sprts meeting might be put ff. I have been tld the sprts meeting might be put ff. (2)He has brught his bk here. His bk has been brught here.
四、 含有情态动词的被动语态： 含有情态动词的被动语态是由“情态动词+ be+ 及物动词的过去分词”构成。 结构：can/may/must/shuld + be + p.p (1)Yu must hand in yur articles after class. Yur articles must be handed in after class. (2)He can write many letters with the cmputer. Many letters can be written with the cmputer by him.
1.Smene must take care f the children when we g ut. The children must be taken care f when we g shuld d yur wrk in an hur. Yur wrk shuld be dne in an shall discuss the prblem at tmrrw’s meeting. The prblem shall be discussed at tmrrw’s meeting.
1). 不及物动词(或者词组)没有被动语态。
如：belng t, happen, take place, last, cme true, die, arrive, 等。
* Great changes have taken place in this city.
* That bike desn’t belng t Mike.
五、不用被动语态的几种情况：
不用被动语态的几种情况：
2) 表示静态的及物动词不用被动语态
have / fit / wn
I have a TV set.
The cat fits me well.
【正】Lk at the blackbard，please． 【误】The blackbard is lked at by yu．
3）祈使句一般没有被动语态。
4)反身代词在句中作宾语时，不能用被动语态。
【正】Yu must lk after yurself． 【误】Yurself must be lked after
不用被动语态的几种情况：主动形式表被动意义
①感官系动词没有被动语态
feel，lk, seem, taste, sund, smell等
The fish tastes gd.
The scarf feels sft.
The bk sells well.
This kind f clth washes very well.
The bk is sld ut.
②有些动词既是及物又是不及物动词， 用作不及物动词时和well, badly, easily等副词连用，表示主语内在品质或性能。 如：write, grw, print, sell, wash等
The huse needs cleaning. 房子需要打扫了。The huse needs t be cleaned.
③ 在need, want, 等少数表示“需要”的动词
六、几种值得注意的被动语态变化．
带复合宾语的被动语态构．（S+V+O+OC）
（１）make sb. d sth. sb. be made t d sth.
Mr Green made Jim d his hmewrk at hme.
Jim was made t d his hmewrk by Mr Green at hme.
(2)see sb. d sb. be seen t d I ften see him play ftball. He is ften seen t play ftball.
（3）We ften hear them sing this sng.
They are ften heard t sing this sng (by us).
一感 feel (Vt.)二听 hear / listen t三让 let/ make/ have四看 see/ watch/ lk at/ ntice 等变为被动语态市，必须加上t.
make sb dsee sb dhear sb dlet sb dwatch sb d
sb be made t dsb been seen t dsb be heard t dsb be let t dsb be watched t d
Bb sent Kate a letter last year.
=Kate was sent a letter by Bb last year.
=A letter was sent t Kate by Bb last year.
2. 双宾语结构的被动语态 （S V IO DO）
1. I was given a bk by him.
He gave me a bk. (变被动）
2. A bk was given t me by him.
Mum made me a new dress.(改被动)
I was made a new dress by Mum.A new dress was made fr me by Mum.
My mther bught me a birthday cake.
1. I was bught a birthday cake by my mther.
2. A birthday cake was bught fr me by my mther.
They said that he wuld cme back sn.
It was said that he wuld cme back sn.
3. It is reprted / 据报道 believed / 人们相信 hped / 人们希望 said that 据说……
4. Wh lcked the dr last Wednesday?
By whm was the dr lcked last Wednesday?
1.Peple use knives fr cutting things.Knives ______ ______ fr cutting students clean the windws f their classrm twice a mnth.The windws f their classrm______ _______ twice a mnth.
are used
3.I fund the ticket n the flr.______ ______ ______ ______ n the flr.4.I tld her t return the bk in time.She ______ _______ t return the bk in time.
The ticket was fund
was tld
3. We fund the ticket n the flr .
5. His dctr made him have nly tw meals a day.He ______ _______ _______ _______ nly tw meals a peple can use cmputers t help them.Nw cmputers _______ ______ ______ t help them.
was made t have
can be
7. Did yu plant many trees at this time last year?_______ ______ _______ _______ at this time last time?8.Must we finish ur wrk tday?_______ ur wrk______ _______ tday?
Were many trees planted
Must be finished
9. The freign friends gave us sme wnderful stamps.1) _______ ______ _______ sme wnderful stamps.2) Sme wnderful stamps _______ ________ _______ _______.
we were given
given t us
10.The teacher asked Tm t turn n the cmputer.Tm _______ ________ t turn n the this factry wmen d mst f the wrk. Mst f the wrk _______ ________ by wmen in this factry.
was asked
is dne
12.He can mend the bike in tw days.The bike ______ ______ _______ in tw must take this medicine three times a day.This medicine _______ _______ ________ three times a day.
can be mended
must be
14.The students in this schl study German.German _______ ________ by the students in this they ften talk abut this questin?______ this questin ften _______ abut _______ _______?
is studied
by them
wasn’t invited
1. --Why didn’t yu g t Jim’s birthday party?--Oh. I______________(nt invite)  2.--What d yu want, sir?--Culd yu tell me if cmputers___________(sell) in this shp.   3. --A lt f things shuld_________(d) t prtect the envirnment. --I agree with yu.. 4.Great changes____________(take) place in my hmetwn since 1990. 5. --When ______the bridge______(build)? D yu knw?-- Tw years ag. 6.   ----Can I take the magazine ut f the reading rm? ----Srry Magazines f this kind can’t_________(take) ut.
 1. If city nises ____ frm increasing，peple ____ shut t be heard even at dinner．   A． are nt kept；will have t   B． are nt kept；have     C． d nt keep；will have t     D． d nt keep；have t     2. The fifth generatin cmputers, ____ nw.  A. develped B. have develped  C. are being develped D. will have been develped  3. --- ____ the sprts meet might be put ff．     --- Yes，it all depends n the weather．     A． I've been tld   B． I've tld  C． I'm tld      D． I tld
4. I need ne mre stamp befre my cllectin ___.  A. has cmpleted    B. cmpletes  C. has been cmpleted  D. is cmpleted  5. Rainfrests ___ and burned at such a speed that they will disappear frm the earth in the near future.  A. cut      B. are cut  C. are being cut     D. had been cut  6. The new bridge ___ by the end f last mnth.   A. has been designed         B. had been designed  C. was designed       D. wuld be designed
7. Great changes ___ in the city, and a lt f factries ___.    A. have been taken place; have been set up  B. have taken place; have been set up  C. have taken place; have set up   D. were taken place; were set up 8. That suit __ ver 60 dllars.    A. had csted  B. csted C. is csted D. cst 9. --- Lk! Everything here is under cnstructin.         --- What’s the pretty small huse that __ fr?  A. is being built    B. has been built  C. is built     D. is building 10.--- D yu like the clth?       --- Yes, it ___ very sft.  A. is feeling   B. felt  C. feels   D. is felt
11. It is difficult fr a freigner ____ Chinese．  A． write     B． t write  C． t be written    D． written  12. I have n mre letters ____ ，thank yu．  A． t type         B． typing  C． t be typed    D． typed  13. Take care! Dn’t drp the ink n yur shirt, fr it __ easily.  A. wn’t wash ut  B. wn’t be washed ut  C. isn’t washed ut  D. isn’t washing ut