高考英语语法第58讲：高考话题作文写作技巧（2）

这是一份高考英语语法第58讲：高考话题作文写作技巧（2），共8页。试卷主要包含了校园文明与安全问题，话题等内容，欢迎下载使用。

常用词汇
schl rules and regulatins 学校规章制度 bey遵守 bserve遵守 keep/bserve discipline遵守纪律 behave well表现良好 be neatly dressed穿戴整洁 respect ne’s teachers and parents尊敬师长
be n time准时 keep the envirnment clean保持环境干净 civilized文明的
break the rules违反规章制度 discipline纪律 spit吐痰 thrw rubbish everywhere乱扔垃圾
cheat in the exam考试作弊 get in line插队 fight with sb.与……打架 punish sb.fr 因……处罚某人 The students are tld nt t break any f the rules f the schl.学校要求学生不要违反任何规章制度。 The students are expected t…学校期望学生……
It must be made clear that the students shuld …必须明确的一点是,学生应该……
…is f n gd t a friendly
and harmnius sciety.……对创建友好和谐的社会是毫无益处的。
It is hnrable t bey the principles and rules f ur schl.遵守学校的规章制度是光荣的。
It is wrthy f praise t… ……是值得表扬的
It is shameful t… ……是可耻的
What we shuld d is that… 我们应该做的事情是……
范例:
Hell, everyne! I’m glad t give yu sme knwledge abut first aid when a fire breaks ut.
First it’s imprtant t keep calm and escape safely frm the exit as sn as pssible. At the same time d call 119 and tell them the exact address n the phne. If yu are trapped, be sure t clse the dr s that yu can resist the intrusin f heat and smke. Never frget t stand in frnt f an pen windw and shut fr help with a wet twel cvering yur muth and nse. Besides, if unfrtunately yu are burnt, cl the area f skin with running water and put a piece f dry clean clth ver it r g t hspital immediately.
26.话题:艺术
常用词汇:
art 艺术 artist艺术家 design设计 paint 染料 painting绘画 painter画家 clr涂色
draw绘画 drawing图画 creatin作品 creative有创造力的 impressive令人印象深刻的
figure塑像 imaginatin想象力appreciatin欣赏 exhibit展品 exhibitin展览会
sculpture雕像 realistic现实的 mdern现代的 masterpiece杰作
shw ne’s talent fr…展现对……的天赋aruse/excite ne’s curisity 激发某人的好奇心
范例:
A Different Mna Lisa
Thanks t a technical prgress, ne f Lenard Da Vinci’s classic wrks is nw able t answer questins in Chinese. What’s mre, the visitrs can reach ut t shake her hands. Maybe we shuld cngratulate art lvers because they have the chance t talk with her directly nw.
The exhibitin cst the spnsr abut 50 millin RMB. The spnsr said he wuldn’t regret spending s much mney, because his purpse was t let the public have a new access t art and appreciate it in a new way.
What wuld Mn Lisa say abut her mild and mysterius smile？ Is it beynd yur imaginatin？ S treasure this precius chance and dn’t hesitate t talk with her nw!
27.话题:文学—诗歌
常用词汇:
pem诗歌 pet 诗人 rmantic浪漫的 mdern 现代的 ancient古代的 rhyme押韵
nursery rhyme 童谣 rhythm 节奏 express feelings/emtins 表达感情
cnvey infrmatin 转达信息 srrw 悲伤 anger 生气 ending 结局 jy 快乐
make sense 有意义 give a deep impressin n sb.给……留下深刻的印象 cmmn常见的
translate int 翻译成 transfrm 转换 intnatin 语调 repetitin 重复
be ppular with 受……欢迎
in a free frm 以自由体的形式
28.话题:健康
常用词汇:
relax neself 放松自己 breathe fresh air 呼吸新鲜空气energetic 精力充沛的
build ur bdies 增强体质 d gd t ne’s health.对某人健康有好处
frm the habit f getting up early 养成早起的习惯 take exercise 锻炼身体 keep fit 保持健康 xygen 氧气 sleep disrder 睡眠不好 g n a diet 节食 green fd 绿色食品
physical fitness 身体健康 lse weight 减肥 get rid f the bad habit f smking 改掉抽烟的坏习惯 d harm t ne’s health 对某人的健康有害处 give up smking 戒烟
范例:
As we all knw smking des great harm t human beings. Mre and mre peple have cme t realize hw serius this prblem is. But they are never bred with it. Sme peple think it is a kind f fashin, sme think it is f great fun and thers think that smking can refresh them.
Hwever, smking des cause many illnesses. A lt f peple always cugh because f smking. The mst serius illness caused by smking is lung cancer. Meanwhile smking is a waste f mney. Besides, careless smkers may cause dangerus fires.
It’s high time fr smkers t give up smking.
29.话题:环境保护
常用词汇:
pllute污染 envirnmental cnservatin 环境保护 save energy/water 节约能源/水 srt rubbish 垃圾分类 recycle textbks/trash 课本/垃圾回收利用 ban smking in public 禁止在公共场合吸烟 imprve ur living cnditin 改善居住条件 keep the balance f nature 保持自然界的平衡 ban the abuse f plastic bags 禁止滥用塑料袋 Dn’t litter/spit everywhere 不随地扔垃圾/吐痰 Waste is scattering here and there.到处撒满了废弃物。 prtect the envirnment 保护环境 send ut smke and pisnus gases int the air 散发出烟和有毒气体 cut dwn trees砍伐树木 pur waste water int the rivers把废水注入河流 It is a shame t thrw rubbish
arund.乱扔垃圾是可耻的。
frm gd habits t prtect the surrundings养成良好的习惯来保护环境
take active measures t prtect rare animals采取积极措施保护稀有动物
take gd care f ur frests关心我们的森林
plant mre trees t imprve the envirnment 多植树来改善环境
The terrible pllutin has dne great harm t us as well as t the surrundings.可怕的污染已经给我们自己还有我们的环境带来了很大的危害。
范例:
Say “ N” t Plastic Bags
Since June 1st, 2008, plastic bags are n lnger prvided fr free in the supermarkets. Different peple have different pinins n this matter.
As far as I am cncerned, the gvernment is taking steps t prtect ur living envirnment. It’s true that plastic bags make peple’s shpping mre cnvenient. Hwever, mst peple just thrw them away after using them, and dn’t knw hw t deal with them. What’s mre, it will take a lng time fr plastic bags t break dwn. As a result, they can cause serius pllutin and d great harm t ur surrundings, then t peple’s health.
Persnally speaking, I fully agree with this plicy. After all, it is gd fr ur envirnment. And we culd use bags made f paper r clth instead f plastic bags when shpping.
30.话题:自然
常用词汇:
hurricane 飓风 strm 风暴 thunderstrm 雷雨 earthquake 地震 fld 水灾 typhn 台风 panic 惊慌 vlcan 火山 erupt 爆发 eruptin 爆发 atmsphere 大气层 temperature 温度 disaster 灾难 lightning 闪电 safe 安全的 matter事情 message 消息 damage损害 warming 警告 predict 预测 affect 影响 envirnment 环境the pwer f nature 自然的力量 scientific equipment 科学仪器 the lcal peple 当地人 burn t the grund 烧毁 thick frest 茂密的森林 nature reserve 自然保护区 all ver the wrld 全世界
31.话题:人际关系
常用词汇: harmnius 和谐的 friendly 友好的 civilized 文明的 hnest 真诚的credible诚信的 be public-spirited 有公德心的 be in rder 有序的
peaceful 和平的 help each ther 互助 care fr each ther 互相关心
learn frm each ther 互相学习 build 创建 cherish珍惜 take an active part in 积极参与
prmte the friendship 增进友谊imprve the relatinship 改善关系
shw lve and cncern fr sb 爱护和关心某人
build a gd relatinship 建立良好的关系 trust each ther 彼此信任cmmunicate with 交流、沟通 the harmnius relatinship between teachers and students 师生之间的和谐关系
范例:
Dn’t hesitate t say “N”
It is very difficult t say “N” t a request, especially t a request frm a clse friend. Hwever, n sme ccasins, yu have t say “N”. Fr example, suppse ne friend f yurs asks yu t take exams fr him, and he prmises t ffer yu sme material benefits. T such request, definitely, yu shuld say “N”.
In real life, there are many peple wh d nt say “N” when they shuld d s. There are several reasns fr this practice .One imprtant ne is that they fear they wuld lse the friend.
When we shuld say “N”, dn’t hesitate t say s. Otherwise yu d harm t bth yu and the ne wh made the request. Fr example, if smene bribes yu and yu dn’t say “N” t it, bth f yu may end up in prisn.
S d nt hesitate t say “N”, when yu need t d s.
32.话题:现代技术
常用词汇: science 科学 science and technlgy 科学技术 infrmatin 信息
email 电子邮件 rbt 机器人 screen 荧光屏 muse 鼠标 perate 操作
applicatin 应用 invent 发明 inventin 发明 smart 聪明的
electrnic 电子的 laptp 手提电脑 equipment设备 sftware 软件
data 数据 database 数据库 battery电池 chip芯片 digital数字的
fax 传真 remte 遥远的 engineer 工程师 update 更新 virus 病毒
test ut the thery by experiment 用实验检验理论 turn ut 结果是……
范例:
Blgging has becme increasingly ppular amng middle schl students. Sme view it as a great way t share ideas and mtivate students, while thers fear it will interfere with students’ study.
There are arguments bth fr and against student-blgging. On the negative side, if students blg t frequently it may interfere with their study. And if they are cmpletely unsupervised, sme inapprpriate tpics may be discussed. On the ther hand, blgging allws students the chance t write abut the things that are mst imprtant t them. Because they are interested in thse tpics, they will be mre mtivated t write, thus practicing their skills. It will als give the blg-readers the chance t practice their reading skills, t. Furthermre, blg-based discussins will help t develp students’ ability t think independently and cmmunicate with thers. Fr these reasns, I am generally a big supprter f student-blgging.
Of curse, there have t be sme limits such as parents mnitring their children t make sure they dn’t spend t much time n it and the subjects discussed are suitable.
33.话题:地理—海洋
常用词汇:sea 海 cean 海洋 water 水 waterway 水道 river 河流 undergrund water 地下水 waves 波浪 deep 深的 shallw 浅的 dirty 脏的fresh water 淡水 serius严重的still 平静的 terrible 可怕的 sea prt 海港 bank 岸 beach 沙滩 surface 水面 waves 波浪sea animals and plants 海洋动植物
范例:
Beihai Aquatic Prducts Museum(北海水产品展示馆) is lcated in the Seashre Park f Beihai City. Opened t the public in 1978, it is regarded as the largest aquatic prducts museum in China. Besides the sea animals and plants in Suth China Sea which are cmmn in any kind f aquatic prducts museum, this museum als gives visitrs an pprtunity t see sme special nes. A Dugng(美人鱼), which is quite rare n earth nw, abut 2 meters lng, is nw n display in the Sea Animal Hall. Sme sea animals, such as the Chinese White Dlphin, which are prtected by the Chinese gvernment, are als n exhibitin.
34.话题:社会
常用词汇:
harmnius 和谐的 friendly友好的 civilized文明的 hnest真诚的
credible 可信的 be public-spirited有公德心的 balanced 平衡的
be in rder有序的 peaceful和平的 live in harmny生活和谐
sustainable develpment可持续发展等 help each ether互助care fr each ther互相关心
have deep lve fr 热爱 be cncerned with 关心
build创建 cherish 珍惜 take an active part in积极参与pay attentin t scial mral讲究社会公德 prtect the envirnment保护环境save energy节省能源 N pains, n gains.不劳无获。
can be achieved by hard wrk……可以通过劳动获得
It is difficult t find wrk in the present situatin.在当前形势下,很难找到工作。
It is hnrable t … ……是光荣的。
If everyne…fr thers and the sciety, ur wrld will be …如果每个人为他人和社会做……, 我们这个世界将会……
Every ne shuld…and devtes himself t building ur mtherland int a strng cuntry.每个人应该……,为把我们祖国建设成为一个强大的国家而奉献自己的力量。
35.话题:国外留学
常用词汇: Study学习,研究 cllege大学 institute学院 department 部门，系
president 校长 recmmend推荐 recmmendatin letter推荐信perid时期,学时 majr in主修 examinatin考试 dismiss 解散,开除term 学期 apply申请 timetable时间表 quiz小测验 ptinal lessns 选修课library图书馆 librarian图书管理员 curriculum 课程 curse课程 test 测验effrt 努力 research 研究 guarantee保证 pint 点,分数 extra额外的qualify证明有资格 qualificatin 资格,条件 in terms f tuitin 有关学费方面get/be admitted 被录取 apply fr the university申请那所大学spare n effrts t d不遗余力地去做 quality educatin plicy素质教育的政策
范例:
Study Overseas
With the imprved living standard and China’s being mre pen t the wrld, mre and mre yung peple chse t pursue their higher educatin in English speaking cuntries such as America, Britain r Australia. Frankly speaking, studying verseas has bth advantages and disadvantages.
The main benefit f studying abrad is the academic ne. Obviusly in western clleges and universities, the labratries are mre sphisticated, and bk resurces mre up-t-date. Mre imprtantly, they have first rate prfessrs wh are aware f the latest develpments in their respective field. Hence, the standard f teaching is much higher. Besides, traveling abrad can braden their mind and ffer them greater pprtunities t develp their independence.
Despite these bvius advantages, we shuld nt verlk negative effects. One prblem is the difficulty they have t adjust t a new culture. They may experience lneliness and hmesickness, which will f curse d harm t their study. Anther is, the financial prblem. It is nt easy fr rdinary students t cver high cllege cst.
While verseas study has its drawbacks, the advantages are bvius. Persnally, I think it a gd idea t study verseas, learning smething different frm ur wn cuntry.
36.话题:文化
常用词汇:
culture文化 civilizatin文明 educatin 教育 schling 教育
literature 文学 cultural symbls文化标志 cultural backgrund 文化背景
cultural differences 文化差异 elect 选举 electin 选举 immigrate 移入
immigratin 移民入境 immigrant 移民 race 人种 racial 种族的
racism 种族歧视 majrity 大部分 custms习俗 hardship 苦难
refrm 改革 civil 国内的,公民的 state 州 live n 以……为主食
lead/live a…life 过……的生活 make a living 谋生 settle dwn 定居settlement 定居点 way f life 生活方式 diversity 多样性
范例:
Althugh the United States and Canada have diversity, American culture and Canadian culture aren’t t different and aren’t t similar. The United States is referred t as “the great melting pt f sciety” where peple f all natins jin tgether t frm “a mre perfect natin”. While Canada n the ther hand has been cmpared t a msaic(马赛克), where peple are invited t jin the natin and still retain their cultural identities, cmplete with traditins, languages and custms.
When it cmes t language in the United States and Canada they bth have English as ne f the main languages. Since a lt f peple speak French and 20% f the ppulatin f Canada are French Canadian, n mst things nt nly English is written but als is French, while in United States since they encurage peple t be mre int the “American culture” there will be less f different types f cultures but mre f ne.
37.话题:热点话题
常用词汇:
tpic 话题,主题 heated discussin 热烈的讨论 ht 热点 differ 不同,差异different不同的 ban 禁止 bject t 反对 agree同意 disagree 不同意 be against 反对 be fr赞成 in favr f 赞成 reasnable 合乎情理的argument 争论 advantage缺点 disadvantage优点 have an effect/impact/influence n 对……有影响 affect影响be wrth cnsidering值得考虑 be cncerned abut关心 in terms f从……角度cntribute t slving the prblem f 有助于……问题的解决a sund attitude 正确的态度 medical breakthrugh 医学上的突破unethical 不道德的
范例:
With the Cllege Entrance Exam cming, frm time t time we hear students discuss whether Senir 3 students shuld take a lt f tnics (补品) t keep fit. There are different pinins abut it. Sme students bject t taking tnics, because tnics will make them put n mre weight, which is nt apprpriate fr their health.
Mrever, the parents will have a great impact n the Senir 3 students if they shw t much cncern by ffering them tnics, which is bund t bring mre stress t the Senir 3 students. They will feel cast dwn and ashamed when they can’t get a high mark as their parents have expected. Besides, they dn’t think their effrt will pay ff nly if they take tnics. Hwever, sme students-pinin cmpletely differs frm it. They are in favr f the pinin that it is easy fr the Senir 3 students t feel tired by wrking hard, and tnics can help t bring themselves back t energy as sn as pssible, s it is gd t take sme tnics.
38.话题:发明创造—兴趣与爱好
常用词汇:invent 发明 inventin 发明 inventr 发明家 create 创造 creative 有创造力的 patent 专利 spare time业余时间 favrite最喜欢的interest兴趣 hbby爱好 appetite嗜好 taste口味 read nvels读小说play ftball/basketball打足球/篮球 surf the internet上网 chat nline在线聊天play games玩游戏 cllect stamps集邮 make e-friends交网友climb muntains爬山 watch TV看电视 enjy ppular music喜欢流行音乐be interested in对……感兴趣 develp an interest in 在……方面发展兴趣be fnd f 喜欢… be keen n 喜欢…… have lve fr 喜爱……have a taste in对……有兴趣
范例:
Lenard da vinci, whse family was pr, was brn in 1452.Besides painting, he als became interested in machines when he was a by. By studying and drawing them, Lenard gained knwledge abut their design and structure. Different frm thers, his drawing skills enables him t prduce clear drawings f his mechanical ideas easily. Even mre than 150 years later, many f his designs can still be used t create perfect wrking machines. While making inventins Lenard was als painting. Tday we think f him as ne f the greatest painters, but if he had never been a painter, we wuld still appreciate him as ne f the greatest inventrs f his time.
39.话题:文学
常用词汇:
adapt 改编 adaptatin 改编本 classic literature 古典文学
cntemprary literature现代文学 ppular literature 大众文学 nvel 小说
bestseller 畅销书 masterpiece杰作 play 戏剧 stry 故事 ending 结局
pun 双关语 act 幕 scene场 plt 情节 episde 逸事 petry 诗歌
prnunce 发音 prnunciatin 发音 classic 经典著作 classical 古典的
be regarded as被认为…… make ne’s acquaintance与……结识
make a frtune 发财 pass ff …as 冒充……
in artistic terms 从艺术的角度来说
40.话题:历史
常用词汇:
histry历史 in histry历史上 ancient古代的 ancestr祖先 dynasty朝代
date back t/date frm 追溯到has/pssess a histry f 有……的历史 histrian 历史学家 emperr 皇帝memry 回忆 primitive 原始的 unfrgettable 难忘的 remind …f 记起……memry 记忆 in memry f 为纪念……lk at the prblem frm a histrical pint f view 用历史观点看问题
41.话题:体育
常用词汇:sprts 运动 ftball足球 basketball篮球 running跑步 swimming 游泳 marathn 马拉松 the Olympic Games 奥林匹克运动会 sprtsman 运动员 athlete运动员 break Guinness recrd破吉尼斯世界纪录 cnventinal sprt 传统体育 gym体育馆 sprts can keep us healthy运动可以使我们健康 take exercise做运动 take part in different kinds f sprts参加不同的运动 spirit 精神 mtt 格言,口号 inspiring鼓舞的 impressive印象深刻的 exciting 兴奋的 fascinating 迷人的 unbelievable 难以置信的 be f significance 具有重要意义
42.话题:自然资源——水
常用词汇:sea 海 cean 海洋 seaman 海员 explrer 探险家 castline 海岸线 seaweed 海草 lngitude 经度 latitude 纬度 water resurce 水资源 water pllutin 水污染 water shrtage 水匮乏 prtect the water resurces frm being plluted 保护水资源不受污染 take up 占据 cpe with the prblem f water pllutin 处理水污染问题
范例:(10年福建高考题) 
Ladies and gentlemen, Gd mrning. I’m Li Hua frm Fujian, China. It’s my great hnr t be here t say smething abut the glbal water shrtage and ways f dealing with it. As we knw, the glbal water shrtage is becming increasingly severe mainly
due t glbal warming, envirnmental pllutin and the ever-increasing ppulatin. Therefre, it’s high time we did smething abut it.
Firstly, an effective way, I think, is t reserve water in a scientific way fr future use. Secndly, new methds need t be develped t use the existing water resurces, fr example, turning sea water int fresh water. Thirdly, we must stp water pllutin by law. Last but nt least, it’s everyne’s respnsibility t make gd use f water, such as recycling and saving water in ur daily life.
In cnclusin, peple arund the wrld shuld be aware f the real situatin f water shrtage, prtect the present water resurces and explre ptential nes scientifically.
That’s all. Thank yu.