人教版高三英语《高考英语语法：时态和语态》练习

这是一份人教版高三英语《高考英语语法：时态和语态》练习，共10页。试卷主要包含了动词的分类和形式，动词的时态等内容，欢迎下载使用。
动词是表示动作和状态的词。动词有时态、语态和语气3种形式的变化。
1、动词按其能否独立作谓语而分为：“谓语动词”和“非谓语动词”两种
2、动词的4种基本形式：动词原形、过去式、过去分词和现在分词。
3、动词按其构成动词词组作用分为：实义动词、连系动词、情态动词和助动词。1）实义动词分为及物动词和不及物动词。还可分为持续性动词和瞬间动词；2）连系动词有两种：一种表特征或状态，另一种表状态变化过程。
4、五种不同的短语动词：1）“动词+介词”；2）“动词+副词”；3）“动词+副词+介词”；4）“动词+名词（或代词）+介词”；5）“be+形容词（包括相当于形容词的过去分词+介词”。
二、动词的时态：
1、一般现在时的用法：1）表示现在的习惯，经常发生的动作或存在的状态。2）表示主语的特征、性格和能力。3）表示客观事实或真理。4）表示按照计划安排好的将来行为。（只限于是g,cme, leave, start, stp, be等开始或移动意义的词。）
2、一般过去时的用法：1）表示过去的动作或状态。2）叙述过去连续发生的事情。3）表示过去一段时间内经常发生的动作。
3、一般将来时的用法：1）表示将来的动作或状态。2）表示将来的经常动作。
4、现在进行时的用法：1）表示说话时正在进行的动作。2）表示现阶段正在进行的动作。（说话时动作不一定进行。）
5、过去进行进的用法：1）过去某一时刻或某一段时间内正在进行的动作。2）表示移动的动词：cme, start, stay, leave, g等词的过去进行时可以表示过去的将来要发生的动作。3）was ging t d可以表示在过去某一时间之后发生的动作。
6、现在完成时的用法：1）表示刚刚完成的动作，常与just连用。2）表示过去发生而持续到现在的动作或状态，甚至延续到将来。常与since, fr连用，但fr, since不能与终止性的动词连用。3）表示过去的动作对现在造成的影响或结果。
7、现在完成时与一般过去时的区别：1）现在完成时与现在有联系，它表示过去的动作对现在所产生的结果、影响。一般过去时通常表示在过去某一具体时间发生的动作，与现在没什么联系。2）现在完成时表示过去延续到现在的行为；一般过去时着重过去某一时刻的某一具体动作。
8、过去完成的用法：1）表示在过去某一或动作之前已经完成的动作。常与by, befre等介词短语或一个状语从句或上下文暗示。2）表示由过去某一时间开始，一直延续到过去另一时间的动作，常和fr（有时可省去）或since 构成的短语或since引导的从句连用。
9、过去将来时的用法：表示对于过去某一时刻而言将要发生的动作或存在的状态。
练习一：动词时态与语态（1）
1. When I saw Mary, she ______ n the pian.
A. is playingB. playsC. was playing D. played
2. She ______ the dr befre she ges away.
A. had lckedB. is lcking C. has lcked. D. was lcking.
3. A hunter is a man wh ______ animals.
A. catch B. catches C. will catch D. was catching
4. What _____ if I drink this?
A. happens B. is happening C. will happen D. is happened
5. I will visit yu if Father ______ me.
A. let B. lets C. is letting D. will let
6. Lk ut! That tree _____ fall dwn.
A. is ging t B. will be C. shall D. wuld
7. My uncle _____ t see me. He'll be here sn.
A. cmes B. is cming C. had cme D. came
8. They can't leave until they _____ their wrk.
A. did B. are ding C. have dne D. has dne
9. "Has he seen this film?"" Yes. He ______ it several days ag. "
A. saw B. has seen C. had seen D. was seeing
10. Nw Mike isn't here. He ______ Mr Green's. Perhaps he ______ back in a few minutes.
A. went t; is cming B. has gne t; will cme
C. has been t; will be D. is ging t; has cme
11. That day he ._______ his clthes befre he came t see me.
A. has washedB. washedC. had been washing D. was washed
12. I haven't finished my cmpsitin.I ______ fr tw hurs and a half.
A. have written it B. have been writing it
C. wrte it D. am writting it
13. I will take my daughter with me when I _____ ShangHai,
A. g t B. will g t C. have been t D. have gne t
14. This bright girl ______ the truth in frnt f the enemy.
A. didn't sayB. culdn't speak tC. said D. didn't tell
15. The bridge which ______ last year lks really beautiful.
A. was built B. built C. was set up D. had been built
16. " When ______ schl begin?"" Next Mnday. "
A. has B. des C. did D. is ging t
17. I will ______ here till yu give me sme mney.
A. leave B. nt leave C. cme D. return
18. I _____ here since I mved here.
A. will wrk B. wrked C. wrk D. have been wrking
19. Every time I _____ there, I will buy him smething nice.
A. went B. will g C. g D. have gne
20. It was said that his father ______.
A. has died B. died. C. has been dead D. had died
21. We wn't g unless yu ______ sn.
A. had cme B. came C. will cme D. cme
22._____six years since I began studying English.
A. They have been B. it is C. It was D. There are
23. They ______ the Summer Palace three times.
A. have gne tB. have been tC. have been inD. have gne int
24. "Hw lng haven't we seen each ther? ""Well, it _____ nearly tw years since we ______ last. "
A. is/have met B. was/had met C. is/met D. has been/had met
25. "Have yu seen the art exhibitin?" "N, _____ there. "
A. it was nt being held B. they didn't hld
C. it had nt held D. they were hlding it
26. Dn't get ff the bus until it ______.
A. stp B. will stp C. stpped D. has stpped
27. "Where ______ the recrder? I can't see it anywhere." "I _____ it right here. But nw it's gne. "
A. did yu put/have put B. have yu put/put
C. had yu put/was putting D. were yu putting/have put
28. They asked me t have a drink with them. I said that it was 10 years since I ______ a gd drink.
A. had enjyed B. was enjyingC. enjyed D. had been enjying
29. Dn't cme tnight. I wuld rather yu _____ tmrrw.
A. cme B. came C. will cme D. cming
30. ______ yu ______?
A. D/marry B. Have/marriedC. Have/been marriedD. Are/married
31. When he ______ all the newspapers, he'll g hme.
A. sells B. has sld C. will have sld D. will be sld
32. "This clth _____well and _____ lng. ""Ok. I'll take it. "
A. washes/lasts B. is washed/lastedC. washes/is lasted D. is washing/lasting
33. "Hurry up, yu ______ n the phne. " "Oh, I'm cming. Thank yu. "
A. are wanted B. are being wanted C. want D. are wanting
34. I ______ see yu, but I didn't, fr I had n time.
A. had wanted tB. has wanted tC. wantedD. was wanted
35. I ______ in Guang Zhu fr six years by this Octber.
A. have lived B. was living C. will be living D. shall have lived
36. By this time next year he ______ frm the cllege.
A. will be graduating B. shuld be graduating
C. will have graduated D. is graduating
37. Our teacher tld us that the earth _____ frm west t east.
A. turns B. turn C. has turned D. had turned
38. My brther _____ while he _____ his bicycle and hurt himself.
A. fell/was ridingB. fell/were riding
C. had fallen/rdeD. had fallen/was riding
39. Bill said he ____ twenty-ne the next year.
A. was ging t beB. was abut t beC. culd beD. was t be
40. It is high time yu _____ in bed nw.
A. are B. were C. will be D. wuld be
41. After a while an agreement _____.
A. was arrived atB. was arrived in C. was arrivedD. has been arrived
42. The air liner frm Beijing _____ at 3:00 p.m.
A. is abut t arrive B. has arrived C. arrives D. is ging t arrive
43.______,that step is nt safe!
A. Lk arund B. Lk upC. Lk ut D. Lk dwn
44. "Have yu _____ him t give up smking?" "N. I _____, but he wuldn't listen."
A. persuaded/triedB. tried/persuadedC. tried/triedD. persuaded/persuaded
45. The research labratry is ging t ______ the new type f cmputer t use.
A. take B. make C. put D. send
46. I dn't knw when he ______, but when he ______, I'll let yu knw.
A. will cme/cmesB. cmes/will cmeC. cmes/cmes D. will cme/will cme
47. Hw much d yu think that vase _____?
A. is cst B. used C. was paid fr D. cst
48. I _____ that he wuld be able t leave tmrrw, but it's beginning t lk diffcult.
A. hpeB. had hpedC. hpedD. am hping
49. “Cme n, Peter, I want t shw yu smething.”
“Oh, hw nice f yu, I _____ yu _____ t bring me a gift.”
A. never think/are gingB. never thught/ were ging
C. didn’t think/ are gingD. hadn’t thught/ were ging
50. It’s a nice flat, but it _____ a prper bathrm.
A. haven’t gtB. hasn’t gtC. wuldn’t getD. desn’t have gt
51. She had a shck when she heard the news, _____?
A. hadn’t sheB. didn’t sheC. wuldn’t sheD. wn’t she
52. This liquid _____ the salt at rm temperature.
A. became mixed withB. was mixed by
C. mixes withD. has been mixing by
动词时态和语态（2）
一、时态的呼应：在复合句，从句（主要是宾语从句）中的时态，常受主句谓语动词的影响，这就叫做时态的呼应，时态的呼应一般有如下的情况。
1、如果主句的谓语动词为现在时态，其从句中的谓语动词应该用什么时态就用什么时态，如：She knws yu have been in Beijing fr five rears.
2、如果主句中的谓语动词为过去时态，从句中的谓语动词就要用过去时态，但要注意到下列情况：（1）如果从句中的谓语动词所表示的动作与主句中的谓语动词所表示的动作同时发生，从句中须用一般过去时或过去进行时，如：She said she was busy then. (2)如果从句中的谓语动词所表示的动作发生在主句谓语动词所表示的动作之前，从句中须用过去完成时，如：I didn’t knw that she had been t Lndn twice. (3)如果从句中的谓语动词所表示的动作发生在主句谓语动词所表示的动作之后，从句须用过去将来时，如：They didn’t knw when they wuld have a rest. (4)如果从句中说明的是一种普遍真理现象，虽然主句的谓语动词为过去时态从句中仍要用一般现在时，如：When I was a little child, my father tld me that the earth is rund. (5)如果从句中有表示具体过去时间的状语，虽然其谓语动词所表示的动作发生在主句谓语动词所表示的动作之前，从句仍用一般过去时，但如果该状语表示的时间不具体，则从句仍要用过去完成时，如：Tme said he was brn in 1975.
二、被动语态：英语动词的语态有两种：主动语态和被动语态。主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者，被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者，在被动语态的句子中，动作的执行者，一般由介词by引起的短语来表示，如:We ften help them. (主动)我们常帮助他们。They are ften helped by us.(被动)他们常被我们帮助。
1、被动语态各时态的形式是由助动词be的各时态的形式加及物动词的过去分词构成。
2、被动语态八种时态的用法例句:被动语态常用的八种时态的基本用法和主动语态各时态的
基本用法相同，只是句中的主语不是动作的执行者，而是动作的承受者，如:(1)一般现在时：Nw English is taught in all middle schls in ur cuntry. (2)一般过去时：The Great hall f the Peple was built in 1959. (3)一般将来时: When will the wrk be finished? (4)过去将来时：He tld us that the wrk wuld be finished the next day. (5)现在进行时：
Yur tractr is being repaired nw.(6)过去进行时：The child was being examined by the dctr when they came in. (7)现在完成时：The wrk hasn’t been finished yet. (8)过去完成:The new plan had been carried ut befre the secnd experiment began.
3、在下列情况下，一般使用被动语态：（1）当不知道动作执行者是谁或没有必要提到动作执行者时，如：Paper was first made in China. （2）当强调或突出动作承受者的作用时，如：The new machine was invented by a 20-year-ld yung wrker.
4、由主动语态转换为被动语态的几种句型：（1）将一个句子由主动语态转换为被动语态时，可按下列步骤进行：①先将主动结构的宾语改为被动结构的主语；②再将主动语态动词改为被动语态动词；③最后在被动语态之后加介词by，并将主动结构的主语放在by之后（经常被省略），构成介词短语；④由主动语态动词改为被动语态动词时，要注意被动语态动词中助动词be的各种形式变化，因为被动语态动词的不同人称和数是由助动词be不同的形式来表示的，如：Trees are planted every spring.（２）如果主动语态动词后又有直接宾语，又有间接宾语，一般是将间接宾语改为被动语态句中的主语，将直接宾语保留在原处。如将直接宾语改为被动语态句中的主语，将间接宾语保留在原处时，一般要在间接宾语前加介词t或 fr，如：Grandma tld me an interesting stry last night.→Ｉwas tld an interesting stry last night./ An interesting stry was tld t me last night. （３）主动语态中的宾语加带有宾语补足语时，改为被动语态时，就将宾语改为主语，将宾补保留在原处，而成为被动语态句中主语的补足语了。宾补可以有下列几种情况：①宾补为动词不定式，如：They asked her t sing a sng. →She was asked t sing a sng. 在动词make, see, hear, watch, ntice等之后，不定式的t在主动语态里可要省略，而被动语态里不能省，如：Tm was seen t cme ut f the lab.②宾补为分词，如：They heard them singing at the time.→They were heard singing at that time.③宾补为形容词、副词、名词或介词短语，如：She kept me busy all the mrning. →I was kept busy all the mrning.（４）如果主动语态中的谓语动词为短语动词，改为被动语态时，要注意不要遗漏短语中的介词或副词，以保持短语动词的完整性，如：She always takes gd care f the children. →The children are always taken gd care f. （５）含有情态动词的动词改为被动语态时是将情态动词后面的动词原形改为被动语态，因其前有情态动词，所以构成被动语态的助动词be就要使用原形，如：They must finish the wrk befre Friday. →The wrk must be finished befre Friday.（６）be ging t, be t, used t, have t和had better等结构，其作用相当于情态动词或助动词，在改为被动语态时，只需将后面的动词原形改为被动语态即可，如：The are nt ging t put ff the ftball match. →The ftball match is nt ging t be put ff.
[来源:学.科.网]
练习二、动词时态与语态（2）
53. An exhibitin f paintings ____ at the museum next week.
A. are t be held B. is t be held C. are hlding D. will hld
54. I'm srry, sir. Yur recrder isn't ready yet. It _____ in the factry.
A. is being repaired B. is repaired C. has been repaired D. hasn't repaired
55. Every pssible means , but nne prve successful.
A. has tried B. has been tried C. is being tried D. tried
56. _______ that they can pass the written exam this time.
A. That is hped B. It is hped C. That hpes D. It hpes
57. My little sister has brken my watch.---- My watch _____ by my little sister.
A. is brken B. has brken C. have been brkenD. has been brken
58. He was cleaning his rm when I entered the huse.
---- His rm _____ by him when I entered the rm.
A. was being cleaned B. was cleaned C. was being cleaning D. has been cleaned
59. I shall have Finished reading the nvel by dinner time.
---- This nvel _____ reading (by me) by dinner time.
A. will have finished . B. will has been finished
C. will have being finished D. will have been finished
60. Yu ught t keep these three rms clean. ----These three rms ______ (by yu).
A. are ughted t keep clean B. ught t kept clean
C. ught t be kept clean D. ught t have been kept clean
61. Yu are abut t write a pem, aren't yu?---- A pem _____ (by yu), _____ ?
A. is abut t be written, aren't yu B. is abut t be writing, isn’t it
C. is abut t be writing, aren't yu D. is abut t be written, isn’t it
62. She had better leave a nte t him. ---- A nte _____ t him (by her).
A. had better left B. had be better left C. had better be left D. had better been left
63. He desn't d his hmewrk every day. ---- His hmewrk ______ by him every day.
A. desn't be dneB. aren't dne C. dn't be dne D. isn’t dne
64. We must take care f ur parents when they are ld. ---- Our parents ______ when they are ld.
A. must be taken care B. must be tk cars C. must take care f D. must be taken care f
65. Peple lk dwn upn him because he is a liar. ---- He _____ because he is a liar.
A. is lked dwn B. is lked dwn upn C. lks dwn upn D. lks dwn
66. Father will give me a dictinary n my birthday.
---- A dictinary ______ me by Father n my birthday.
A. shall be given t B. will give C. shall give t D. will be giving t
67. We elected her leader.---- She by us.
A. is elected leader B. was leader elected C. was elected leader D. leader was elected
68. ---- Peple wh live alng this rad receive their mail in these bxes.
---- Why are all f the______?
A. grey painted mailbxesB. mailbxes grey painted
C. mailbxes painted greyD. painted grey mailbxes
69. I saw him enter the rm.---- He ______ the rm.
A. is seen enter B. is seen t enter C. was seen t enter D. was seen enter
70. The questin asked by him is hard _____ .
A. t answer B. t be answered C. t be answering D. fr answer
71. Hw sweet the music ______!
A. sunds t be B. is sunded C. is sunded t be D. sunds
72. In warm weather fruit and meat ______ lng.
A. dn't keep B. cannt be kept C. are nt kept D. are nt keeping
73. He received a telegram ___ "Mther Sick."
A. written B. said C. reading D. writing
74. The classrm ______ 30 feet lng.
A. measures B. is measured C. has D. has length
75. D yu remember ______ ?
A. hw it is dne B. it hw t be dne C. Hw is it dne by D. hw t d
76. t have been rich.
A. They say B. It is said C. He is said D. That was said
77. Mathematics is difficult ______.
A. t learn B. fr learning C. t be learned D. f learning
78. My hair is s lng that I must g t a barber's shp and______.
A. have t cut it B. have it cut C. get it t be cut D. t cut it
79. The pencil ______ well.
A. writes B. is written C. was written D. writing
80. ---- I can't see the blackbard very well. ---- Perhaps yu need ______.
A. t examine yur eyes B. t have yur eyes examined
C. t have examined yur eyes D. t be examined yur eyes
81. ---- Where is the cffee table? ---- Tm just had it ____ away.
A. mve B. mving C. mved D. mves
82. Gd medicine ______ t the muth.
A. tastes bitter B. tastes bitterly C. is tasted bitter D. is tasted bitterly
83. Which girl wn the prize?_____
A. By which girl is the prize wn? B. Which girl was the prize wn?
C. By which girl did she win the prize? D. By which girl was the prize wn?
84. --- Where did yu get that handsme picture? ---- It was _____ by my father.
A. given fr us B. a gift t us C. given t us D. a gift fr us
85. A yung hen is ______ a chicken.
A. named B. knwn C. spelled D. called
86. ---- Hw des Alma like her new wrk? ---- She ______ with the hur.
A. can't satisfy B. isn't satisfied C. desn't satisfy D. hasn't satisfied
87. ---- Why d yu call yur sn Muse? ---- He wants ______ by the name.
A. t call B. t be called C. t be calling D. being called
88. His idea, thugh gd, needs ______ ut.
A. being tried B. t try C. tried D. t be tried
89. The man living in the next dr is knwn _____the plice.
A. with B. t C. by D. f
90. Cttn is first made ______ thread and then it was wven ______ clth.
A. up f, up f B. int, int C. f, f D. frm, frm
91. ______ here last night.
A. Smething strange was happened B. Strange smething was happened
C. Smething strange happened D. Strange smething happened
92. ---- I'd like t buy that cat. ---- I'm srry, _____.
A. it was sld B. it's selling C. it's been sld D. it had been sld
93. Gunpwder was discvered in the twelfth century, but_____.
A. man did nt put it t use in war tw hundred years liter
B. until tw centuries mre it was used in war
C. nt used in war until tw hundred years later
D. in war did nt use it tw hundred years afterwards
94. The five-year-ld girl by her parents.
A. is lked B. has lked fr C. is being lked fr D. has been lked
语法复习八：动词时态和语态
练习一、1~5 CCBCB 6~10 ABCAB 11~15 CBADA 16~20 BBDCD 21~25 DBBCA
26~30 DBABD 31~35 BAAAD 36~40 CAAAB 41~45 ACCAC 46~50 ADBBB
51~52 BC

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