高考英语完形填空和阅读理解一轮练习（13）

这是一份高考英语完形填空和阅读理解一轮练习（13），共10页。试卷主要包含了1-4 DAAD等内容，欢迎下载使用。
The 2012 Lndn Olympics had enugh prblems t wrry abut. But ne mre has just been added—a cmmunicatins blackut caused by slar strms.
After a perid f calm within the Sun,scientists have detected the signs f a fresh cycle f sunspts that culd peak in 2012,just in time fr the arrival f the Olympic trch in Lndn.
Nw scientists believe that this peak culd result in vast slar explsins that culd thrw billins f tns f charged matter twards the Earth,causing strng slar strms that culd jam the telecmmunicatins satellites and internet links sending live Olympic bradcast frm Lndn.
“The Sun’s activity has a strng influence n the Earth. The Olympics culd be in the middle f the next slar maximum which culd affect the functins f cmmunicatins satellites,“ said Prfessr Richard Harrisn,head f space physics at the Rutherfrd Appletn Labratry in Oxfrdshire.
At the peak f the cycle,vilent utbursts calledcrnal mass ejectins(日冕物质抛射) ccur in the Sun’s atmsphere,thrwing ut great quantities f electrically-charged matter. “A crnal mass ejectin can carry a billin tns f slar material int space at ver a millin kilmetres per hur. Such events can expse astrnauts t a deadly amunt,can disable satellites,cause pwer failures n Earth and disturb cmmunicatins,” Prfessr Harrisn added. The risk is greatest during a slar maximum when there is the greatest number f sunspts.
Next week in America,NASA is scheduled t launch a satellite fr mnitring slar activity called the Slar Dynamics Observatry(SDO),which will take images f the Sun that are 10 times clearer than the mst advanced televisins available.
The Rutherfrd Appletn Labratry helped t make the high-tech cameras that will capture images f theslar flares(太阳耀斑) and explsins as they ccur.
Prfessr Richard Hldaway,the lab’s directr,said that the SDO shuld be able t prvide early warning f a slar flare r explsin big enugh t affect satellite cmmunicatins n Earth. “If we have advance warning,we’ll be able t reduce the damage. What yu dn’t want is things switching ff fr a week with n idea f what’s caused the prblem,” he said.
1. The phrase “cmmunicatins blackut” in Paragraph 1 mst prbably refers t during the 2012 Olympics.
A. the extinguishing f the Olympic trch B. the cllapse f bradcasting systems
C. the transprtatin breakdwn in Lndn D. the destructin f weather satellites
2. What can be inferred abut the slar activity described in the passage?
A. The mst fatal matter frm the crna falls nt Earth.
B. The slar strm peak ccurs in the middle f each cycle.
C. It takes several secnds fr the charged matter t reach Earth.
D. The number f sunspts declines after crnal mass ejectins.
3. Accrding t the passage,NASA will launch a satellite t .
A. take images f the slar system B. prvide early warning f thunderstrms
C. keep track f slar activities D. imprve the cmmunicatins n Earth
4. Which f the fllwing might be the best title f the passage?
A. Slar Strms: An Invisible Killer
B. Slar Strms: Earth Envirnment in Danger
C. Slar Strms: Threatening the Human Race
D. Slar Strms: Human Activities t Be Trubled
【参考答案】1—4、BDCD
社会生活类阅读理解。
The wrld ecnmy has run int a brick wall. Despite cuntless warnings in recent years abut the need t address a ptential hunger crisis in pr cuntries and an energy crisis wrldwide, wrld leaders failed t think ahead. The result is a glbal fd crisis. Wheat, crn and rice prices have mre than dubled in the past tw years. And il prices have increased mre than three times since the start f 2004. These fd-price increases, cmbined with increasing energy csts, will slw if nt stp ecnmic grwth in many parts f the wrld and will even affect plitical stability. Practical slutins t these prblems d exist, but we’ll have t start thinking ahead and acting glbally.
Here are three steps t ease the current fd crisis and avid the ptential fr a glbal crisis. The first is t prmte the dramatic success f Malawi, a cuntry in suthern Africa, which three years ag established a special fund t help its farmers get fertilizer and seeds with high prductivity. Malawi’s harvest dubled after just ne year. An internatinal fund based n the Malawi mdel wuld cst a mere $10 per persn annually in the rich wrld, r $10 billin altgether.
Secnd, the U. S. and Eurpe shuld abandn their plicies f paying partly fr the change f fd int bifuels. The U. S. gvernment gives farmers a taxpayer-financed payment f 51 cents per galln f ethanl(乙醇) changed frm crn. There may be a case fr bifuels prduced n lands that d nt prduce fds—tree crps, grasses and wd prducts—but there’s n case fr the gvernment t pay t put the wrld’s dinner int the gas tank.
Third, we urgently need t weather-prf the wrld’s crps as sn and as effectively as pssible. Fr a pr farmer, smetimes smething as simple as a farm pnd—which cllects rainwater t be used in dry weather—can make the difference between a gd harvest and a bad ne. The wrld has already cmmitted t establishing a Climate Adaptatin Fund t help pr regins climate-prf vital ecnmic activities such as fd prductin and health care but has nt yet acted upn the prmise.
1. An internatinal fund based n the Malawi mdel wuld .
A. cst each f the develped cuntries $10 billin per year
B. aim t duble the harvest in suthern African cuntries in a year
C. decrease the fd prices as well as the energy prices
D. give pr farmers access t fertilizer and highly prductive seeds
2. With the secnd step, the authr expresses the idea that .
A. it is nt wise t change fd crps int gas
B. it is misleading t put tree crps int the gas tank
C. we shuld get alternative frms f fuel in any way
D. bifuels shuld be develped n a large scale
3. Which f the fllwing is true accrding t the passage?
A. A rain-cllecting pnd is a simple safeguard against by weather.
B. A Climate Adaptatin Fund has been established t help pr regins.
C. The wrld has made a serius prmise t build farm pnds.
D. It makes a great difference whether we develp wd prducts r nt.
4. In the passage, the authr calls n us t .
A. slw dwn but nt t stp ecnmic grwth
B. develp tree crps, grasses and wd prducts
C. achieve ecnmic grwth and plitical stability
D. act nw s as t relieve the glbal fd shrtage
【参考答案】47.1-4 DAAD
阅读理解。
Walk thrugh the Amazn rainfrest tday and yu will find it is steamy, warm, damp and thick. But if yu had been arund 15,000 years ag, during the last ice age, wuld it have been the same? Fr mre than 30 years, scientists have been arguing abut hw rainfrests like the Amazn might have reacted（反应）t the cld, dry climates f the ice ages, but until nw, n ne has reached a satisfying answer.
Rainfrests like the Amazn are imprtant fr mpping up CO2 frm the atmsphere and helping t slw glbal warming. Currently the trees in the Amazn take in arund 500 millin tnes f CO2 each year; equal t the ttal amunt f CO2 giving ff in the UK each year. But hw will the Amazn react t future climate change? If it gets drier ,will it still survive and cntinue t draw dwn CO2 ? Scientists hpe that they will be able t learn in advance hw the rainfrest will manage in the future by understanding hw rainfrests reacted t climate change in the past.
Unfrtunately, getting int the Amazn rainfrest and cllecting infrmatin are very difficult. T study past climate, scientists need t lk at fssilized pllen, kept in lake muds. Ging back t the last ice age means drilling deep dwn int lake sediments （沉淀物）, which requires specialized equipment and heavy machinery . There are very few rads and paths, r places t land helicpters and aerplanes. Rivers tend t be the easiest way t enter the frest ,but this still leaves vast areas between the rivers cmpletely unsampled（未取样）. S far, nly a handful f cres have been drilled that g back t the last ice age and nne f them prvide enugh infrmatin t prve hw the Amazn rainfrest reacts t climate change.
1. The underlined phrase “mpping up” in the secnd paragraph means ________.
A. cleaning up B. taking in
C. wiping ut D. giving ut
答案解析：答案为B。本题为词义推断题。结合上下文，与mpping up并列的是 “helping t slw glbal warming”，由此可以推断，mp up 就是去除CO2；并且后面的 “Currently the trees in the Amazn take in arund 500 millin tnes f CO2 each year…”中的 “take in” 也对此进行了呼应，故答案为B。“clean up”意为 “清洁”； “wipe ut” 意为 “消灭，彻底摧毁”； “give ut”意为“分发，散发”。
2. Hw will the Amazn rainfrest react t future climate change?
A. It’ll get drier and cntinue t remve C O 2.
B. It’ll remain steamy, warm, damp and thick
C. It’ll get warmer and then clder and drier.
D. There is n exact answer up t present.
答案解析：答案为D。本题为细节题。第二段提出问题，第三段进行探索问题。结合第三段首句 “Unfrtunately, getting int the Amazn rainfrest and cllecting infrmatin are very difficult.” 和最后一句 “S far, nly a handful f cres have been drilled that g back t the last ice age and nne f them prvide enugh infrmatin t prve hw the Amazn rainfrest reacts t climate change.” 可知，收集信息非常困难，即使目前收集到的一点信息也没有哪一点可以作出证明。故答案为D。
3. What’s the main idea f the last paragraph?
A. It’s imprtant t drill deep dwn int lake sediments t cllect infrmatin.
B. It’s impssible t prve hw climate changes in the Amazn rainfrest.
C. It’s hard t cllect infrmatin fr studies f the past climate in the Amazn rainfrest.
D. It’s necessary t have specialized equipment and machinery t study the past climate.
答案解析：答案为C。从第三段的最后一句话 “S far, nly a handful f cres have been drilled that g back t the last ice age and nne f them prvide enugh infrmatin t prve hw the Amazn rainfrest reacts t climate change.” 可知，答案为C。B选项显得绝对。
4. The best title fr this passage may prbably be_________.
A. Studies f the Amazn B. Climates f the Amazn
C. Secrets f the Rainfrests D. Changes f the Rainfrests
答案解析：答案为C。 本文第一段前两句提出问题，第三句话引入文本的讨论点：热带雨林的变化。下文以亚马逊热带雨林为例进行研究，最终发现很难收集资料去证明热带雨林的变化，热带雨林的秘密有待人们去探索。故答案为C。本文的重心是在讨论如何收集到足够的证据来证明热带雨林的变化，而不是揭示热带雨林有何变化。故排除干扰性最强的D选项。
【2015高考复习】完形填空
I have always been an independent persn，but I have cme t knw that being independent des nt mean refusing help.I may still be__16__with asking fr help，but I try t accept.Furthermre，I will even__17__help and when my ffers are refused，I am__18__willing t walk away.And all these changes came frm a disaster n an island.
Smetimes a persn's independence is a__19__f pride，daring，stubbrnness and luck.I used t be t__20__since I was little.I was nce a traveler wh never asked fr__21__，chsing instead t struggle with maps and signs until I fund my way.
Then ne day n the island f Kh Phangan，in Thailand，everything__22__.I was swimming in the cean with Sean，my fiance(未婚夫)，when he was__23__by a bx jellyfish(箱型水母)．He__24__within three minutes,25 years ld.Yet when nlkers and travelers asked if I wanted__25__，stubbrn pride and frce f habit__26__me accepting.But tw yung Israeli wmen stayed.__27__my prtest(反对)，they were with me even when the plice tried t cver up the__28__f Sean's death.It was listed as drunk drwning t avid hurting the__29__industry.The Israeli wmen__30__have walked away.__31__，withut even telling me，they__32__their schedule rather than leave me behind.
__33__I didn't realize it at the time，I nw believe I wuld nt have__34__the disaster withut these great wmen.Actually，the persn wh needs help the mst is usually the last persn t ask fr it.I have learned__35__is better than refusing because it nt nly helps yu walk ut f truble，but als helps yu knw the real meaning f life.
【语篇解读】 独立并不意味着要拒绝帮助，接受帮助比拒绝帮助好，这是作者通过自己的亲身经历领悟到的道理。
16．A.struggling B．dealingC．cnfused D．satisfied
答案 A [struggle with表示“与……作斗争”，根据上下文可知作者还在与是否要寻求帮助作斗争。]
17．A.ffer B．accept C．seek D．desire
答案 A [根据下文的“when my ffers”可知，作者甚至会给别人提供帮助。]
18．A.ccasinally B．frequently
C．usually D．seldm
答案 D [当作者给别人提供帮助而被拒绝时，她很少会心甘情愿地走开。这与下文作者拒绝别人的帮助时，对方还是留下来陪她的经历有关。ccasinally“偶尔”；frequently“经常地”；usually“通常”；seldm“很少”。]
19．A.range B．symbl C．way D．mix
答案 D [有时一个人的独立是骄傲、勇敢、顽强和运气的结合。range“一系列”；symbl“象征”；way“方式”；mix“混合，结合”。]
20．A.adventurus B．brave
C．independent D．creative
答案 C [根据文章第一句以及下文的内容可知，作者是一个非常独立的
人。]
21．A.mney B．equipment
C．directins D．suggestins
答案 C [根据21空后面的“chsing instead t struggle with maps and sings until I fund my way”可知，作者曾经旅行时从不问路。equipment“装备”；directin“方向”；suggestin“建议”。]
22．A.happened B．messed
C．changed D．disappeared
答案 C [根据第一段的最后一句可知，此处表示“一切都变承”，故选C。]
23．A.attacked B．caught C．fllwed D．impressed
答案 A [下文提到作者的未婚夫死了，此处应指他受到了箱型水母的攻击。attack“攻击”。]
24．A.sunk B．died C．failed D．recvered
答案 B [根据“25 years ld”及28空后面的“Sean's death”可知，此处指Sean三分钟之内就死了，故选B。]
25．A.cmpany B．advice C．cmfrt D．evidence
答案 A [由上文可知，作者正遭受着未婚夫突然去世的打击，再结合26空后面的“tw yung Israeli wmen stayed”可知，周围的人在问作者是否需要陪伴。cmpany“陪伴”。]
26．A.kept B．prevented C．denied D．suggested
答案 B [作者固执的骄傲和习惯的力量阻止她接受别人提供的帮助。prevent“阻止”。]
27．A.In spite f B．In case f
C．In terms f D．As a result f
答案 A [尽管作者反对，她们还是留下来陪作者。in spite f“尽管”；in case f“以防万一”；in terms f“就……而言”；as a result f“由于……”。]
28．A.prf B．news C．fact D．cause
答案 D [根据下一句中的“It was listed as drunk drwnning”可知，警方尽力地掩盖Sean死亡的原因。cause“原因”。]
29．A.medicine B．entertainment
C．fishing D．turism
答案 D [Sean因受水母攻击而死亡，警方掩盖其死因是为了避免影响到当地的旅游业。]
30．A.culd B．need C．shuld D．must
答案 A [culd have dne表示“本来能做，而实际上未做”，此处指那两位以色列女士本来能够走开的，但她们还是留下来陪作者。]
31．A.Therefre B．Otherwise
C．Instead D．Besides
答案 C [她们反而宁可延误自己的日程安排，也不扔下作者不管。instead“反而，却”。]
32．A.delayed B．made C．cnsidered D．threw
答案 A [参见上题解析。]
33．A.When B．While C．Because D．If
答案 B [while表示“尽管”。尽管作者当时没有意识到这一点，但现在她相信，如果没有这两位好心的女士，她不会从这场灾难中幸存。]
34．A.survived B．experienced
C．avided D．suffered
答案 A [参见上题解析。survive“幸存，存活”。]
35．A.refusing B．accepting C．giving D．begging
答案 B [根据下文的“because it nt life”并结合全文可知，此处表示“接受帮助比拒绝帮助好”。]