人教版初中英语语法系列---定语从句课件

这是一份人教版初中英语语法系列---定语从句课件，共51页。PPT课件主要包含了什么是定语从句呢，关系代词 ，Exercises，Exercise，挑战高难度等内容，欢迎下载使用。

The Attributive Clause
Which baby is Jack?
穿红裤子的baby是Jack。
The baby is Jack.
The baby is Jack.
whse trusers are red
wh is wearing red trusers
Which huse is mine?
房顶是棕色的房子是我的。
The huse is mine.
whse rf is brwn
答案：修饰前面某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。
结构： 先行词 + 关系词 + 句子
定语从句用作定语的从句叫定语从句。定语从句所修饰的名（代）词叫作先行词。定语从句一般紧跟在先行词的后面。1. The students (wh dn’t study hard) will nt pass 先行词 定语从句the exam.主句:
The students will nt pass the exam.
2. The wman (wh yu saw in the park) is ur 先行词 定语从句English teacher.主句:
The wman is ur English teacher.
3. A she shp is a shp (which sells shes).主句：
A she shp is a shp.
4. The bk (that yu want) is n the desk.主句从句的主语: 从句的宾语：
The bk is n the desk.
引导定语从句的关系代词常见的有that, which,whwhm等。关系代词放在先行词和定语从句之间，起连接作用，同时又作定语从句的一个成份。The man (that/wh tld us a funny stry) is in the next rm.
I lst the bk(( that/which ) yu gave me).
1. wh指人,作主语或宾语 (作宾语可省略）
The man wh I talked with is ur teacher.
A persn wh steals things is called a thief.
2. whm指人,作宾语 (作宾语可省略,如介词提前则不能省)
The man (whm/wh) I ndded t is Mr. Li.
The man t whm I ndded is Prfessr Li.
3. which 指物，作主语或宾语 (作宾语可省 略, 如介词提前则不能省)
These are the trees which were planted last year.
This recrder （which） he is using ismade in Japan.
Is this the library (which) yu brrw bks frm?
Is this the library frm which yu brrwbks?
4. that 指人/物，作主语或宾语 (作宾语可省略）
A plane is a machine. It can fly.
A plane is a machine that can fly.
He is the man. I tld yu abut him.
He is the man (that) I tld yu abut.
归纳：that,即指人又指物，作主语或宾语。 which,指物，作主语或宾语。 wh, whm指人,wh作主语,whm作宾语。that, which, whm在定语从句中作宾语时，可省去。
1) A plane is a machine ________________ can fly.2) The car ____________________ my uncle bught last week was stlen.3) The students ________________ dn’t study hardwill nt pass the exam.4) The wman ___________________ yu saw inthe park is ur English teacher.
which/that/ / /
whm/that/ / /
The huse ___________we live in is very ld.Thse are the shes __________ I lst last week.That is the man __________ fund my handbag.Lucy can’t eat fd __________ has chclate in it.The car __________ my uncle bught last mnth is very beautiful.
which/ that
6. The village __________ Gu Peng lives in is very far away.7. The by __________ is wearing the black jacket is very clever.8. I hate peple __________ talk much but d little.9. The detective fund the thieves __________ rbbed the Bank f Hawaii.10. My aunt wrks in a university __________ has ver five thusand students.
Fill in the blanks with wh, whm, that, r which.
1 The earthquake ____________ hit the city in 1906 was the biggest in American histry.2 We dn’t knw the number f peple __________ lst their hmes in the 1906 earthquake.3 The huse ____________ they built in 1987 stayed up in the earthquake.4 A huse ___________ is built n sand may fall dwn in an earthquake.5 Luckily nne f the peple ___________ I knw were killed in the earthquake.6 Peple _________ study earthquakes thinks that there will be anther big ne sn.
which/ that
1. The bks_______I brrwed frm the library was newly published.2. The ID card _______I lst last week was fund in a supermarket.3. The newspapers ______we have cllected will be recycled.4. Mst f the cars ________were stlen have nt been fund yet. 5. The students ______are visiting the natural museum are very interested in the dinsaurs.
6. The girl _____ is taking care f the baby is my aunt’s baby-sitter.7. All the wmen _____ were wrking in that factry had a day ff n Wmen’s Day.8. 吉姆住的房间看起来很漂亮 The rm _________________ lks very nice. 9. 那就是刚才偷我钱包的那个人 That is the man ___________________________. 10. 昨天抢银行的小偷被抓住了 The thieves _______________________________ were caught. 11. He talked happily abut the men and bks________ interested him greatly in the schl. (which/that)
which Jim lives in
wh stle my purse just nw
wh rbbed the bank yesterday
以下情况只能用that1 先行词既有指人又有指物2 当先行词前有序数词或形容词最高级时，有the nly,the very 等修饰时3 先行词是all, much,anything,smething, nthing等不定代词4 主句是以wh/which开头的特殊疑问句时
Fill in the blanks:1.The terrible typhn killed the peple and cattle_______ were in the wind blew dwn the tallest tree _______ is in frnt f ur schl is the very thing ______ I was lking is the secnd nvel ______ I have ever is nthing in the wrld _______ can is the man _______ is reading under the tree?7.My hmetwn is nt the same ne _______ it usedt be twenty years ag.
Crrectins:1. The man just said hell t me is my chemistry teacher.

2. Wh is the man yu just shk hands with him.
3. Egypt is a cuntry where is famus fr its pyramids.
( where which)
4. This is the best dictinary which I have ever used.
( which that)
5. The huse where we live in is nt very large.
( where which/that)
6. The huse that it was built in 1970 stayed up inthe earthquake.
1. That bk that yu want it is n the desk.
2. Is this factry that we visited last week?
This factry is the ne that we visited last week.
3. He is the persn fr whm yu are lking.
4. The persn t whm yu talked is Lily.
The persn whm yu talked t is Lily.归纳：1. 定语从句要避免成分重复 2. 定语从句要避免漏用先行词 3. 含有介词的短语动词一般不拆开
I’ll never frget the day when I jined the league.
This is the huse where I lived tw years ag.
D yu knw the reasn why she was late.
“介词＋关系代词”即“介词＋which”引导定语从句应注意：1介词的选用至少要考虑以下的两个因素A.与先行词的搭配关系1）I will never frget the day _____________ I jined the army.2) I will never frget the days ____________ I wrked in the schl.3) I will never frget the year ____________ my snwent t cllege.4) I gt hme at 7:00 p.m. yesterday, ____________ mst peple had had supper.
during which
B. 与从句谓语动词的搭配习惯1）Have yu fund the bk ____________ I paid29 US dllars?2) Have yu fund the bk _____________ I spent29 US dllars?3) Have yu fund the bk _____________ we learnt a lt?4) Have yu fund the bk ____________ she ften talks?
Fill in the blanks.1. I still remember the day _________ we spent inthe frest.2. I still remember the day ____________ I first came t Beijing.3. The factry _________ we will visit is large.4. The factry ____________ his father wrks is large.5. I’ll never frget the time _____________ we wrk n the farm.6. This is the huse ____________ we lived last year.
when/n which
where/in which
when/at which
归纳:关系副词when指时间,关系副词where指地点,在定语从句中作状语。即使先行词是时间地点,若作从句中的宾语，只能用关系代词that, which.
8. The 5 yuan_____________ he bught the bk was given by his friend. 9. I can’t frget the days _______ I studied in cllege. I can’t frget the days ______ I spent in cllege. 10. The ld man always wears his glasses _________ _________ he can’t see anything. 11.The key_________ she was pening the dr brke. 12. The library ___________ we ften g n Sundays is nt far frm ur schl. 13. N ne knws the reasn __________ she is leaving s early. 14. At last they came t a river _____________ a new bridge is being built.
定语从句：Cmplete the fllwing sentences:1. Is this the schl ________ yu visited last year? Is this schl _____ _____ yu visited last year?2. He is ne f the students wh _____ gd at maths. He is the nly ne f the students wh _____ gdat math.3. The girl _____ was always hnest lied t me. The girl ______ I met lied t me.4. I dn’t knw the time _______ she is n lnger the cuntry ________ I saw 10years ag.
the ne
6. The radi I bught yesterday is quite different frm___________ yu bught last mnth.The radi I bught yesterday is quite different frm the ne________ yu bught last mnth.7. D yu still remember the htel ____________ welived last summer hliday? D yu still remember the park ___________we visited last summer hliday?8. This is the rm ____________ my grandmther used t lived in.This is the rm __________ my grandmther used t live .
9. He has tw sns, and bth f _____ wrk as actrs.He has tw sns, bth f _____ wrk as has hundreds f islands, ____ _____ Taiwanis the largest.China has hundreds f islands, the largest____________ is is the huse _____ _____ the windw wasbrken yesterday.This is the huse _______ windw was brken is the teacher _____ ______ help we havemade great prgress.
f which
f which
with whse
1.I’ll remember the day _____ I spent with my friend.2.I’ll remember the day __________ I was brn.3. I’ll remember the day _________ is special t is the place _________is quiet and is the place ______________I like very much.6. This is the place ____________ I wrked fr ne year.7. That’s the reasn _____________he tld us.8. That’s the reasn __________ he came late fr class.
that / which/ Ø
n which/ when
that / which
in which/ where
fr which/ why
1.He is the very persn __ I like.it B. which C. this D. that2.This is the first place ___ we visited last year.which B. what C. that D. where3.Mney is nt the nly thing ___ is missing.which B. that C. wh D. whse4.This is ___ I wanted. A. the ne B. what C. the ne that D. all the abve5. A clck is that ___ tells us time. A. that B. which C. it D. wh6.Wh is the teacher __ is wrking in the ffice? A. wh B. that C. whm D. which7.I like things and persns ___ are interesting. A. wh B. that C. which D. whm
在选择引导定语从句的关系代词时，有如下要点：1 由于关系代词在主句与从句间既起到联系作用，又在从句中充当一个成分，因此， 要正确判断关系代词在从句中的功能，如作主语还是宾语等。2 当先行词指人时，关系代词可用wh（做主语，宾语），that（做主语，宾语），whm（作宾语），whse（作定语）3 当先行词指物时，关系代词可用that（做主语，宾语），which（做主语，宾语）4 在定语从句中，作宾语的关系代词常可省略，但在介词后面的关系代词不能省略。指人时，介词后只用whm，指物时，介词后只用which。
如果介词提前，作宾语的关系代词不能省略
指物，只用 which指人,只用whm
Is this the library frm which yu brrw bks?
当先行词指人时，关系代词可用 wh（做主语，宾语），that（做主语，宾语），whm（作宾语），whse（作定语）
当先行词指物时，关系代词可用that（做主语，宾语），which（做主语，宾语）
限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句：
My sister, wh is twenty, wrks in a bank.
The man wh came here yesterday has cme again.
限制性定语从句是先行词在意义上不可缺少的定语， 如果去掉，主句的意思就不完整或失去意义。这种从句和主句关系十分密切， 写时不用逗号分开。
非限制性定语从句和主句关系不很密切，只是对先行词作些附加说明， 如果去掉，主句的意思仍然清楚。这种从句， 写时往往逗号分开。
在非限制性定语从句中，指人时，只用wh，指物时，只用which。
She lked at Jeff, wh was waving his arms.Ftball, which is a very interesting game, is lved by mst peple in the wrld.
whse 在定语从句中作定语，表示引导词与 whse 后的名词为所属关系。 whse多指人，也可指物，指物时可与 f which互换使用。Whse is used instead fr his/her/their/its.
This is the bk whse cver is blue.This is the bk f which the cver is blue.
Fill in the blanks with wh, whm, whse that, r which.
1 I have a friend ______ likes listening t classical music.2 Yesterday Emily was wearing the new dress __________ I gave her.3 The man ______ leg brke in a match used t be a ftball player.4 Kevin is reading a bk __________ is t difficult fr him.
5 The family _____ I’m staying with lives in twn. 6 I knw the student ________ article was published.7 Betty, ______ has never been abrad, is studying English very well.8 My parents live in a huse ____________ is mre than 100 years ld.9 The by with _______ Jhn spke is my brther.
1.Octber 1,1949 is the day _____ the PRC was funded.which B. when C. that D. n that2.Is that the reasn _____ yu are fr the plan. which B. what C. why D. fr that
3.Octber 1,1949 is the day _____ the PRC was funded.A. which B. when C. that D. n that4. Is this the place ______ yu were brn?A. which B.where C.what D.that
1. Is this the place ______ yu were brn?A. which B.where C.what D.that2. Is this the place ______ sme German friends visited last year?A. which B.where C.what D. why
3.The huse _______ the famus writer wrte his wrks is a museum nw.A. which B.where C.what huse _______ the famus writer bught many years ag is a museum nw.A. that B.where C.what D. why
5.He tld her the reasn____ he is unhappy, but she desn’t believe the reasn ______ he gives her.A. why; whyB. why; whichC. that; whyD. which; why