练习 专辑12 阅读理解推理判断之引申推断 （教师版+学生版）

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1. 三年真题考点分布
2. 命题规律及备考策略
【命题规律】近3年新高考卷对于阅读理解中引申推断考查了11次。主要考查：
根据阅读文章整体或某一段落的内容进行引申推断得出推断结果。引申推断的方法：1.通过分析文章内容，推断出文章中事实的结论，得出新的判断；2.推理判断的结论不是文章中的原句，而是在文章基础上，通过逻辑推理得出的结论。
【备考策略】系统归类引申推断的方法；熟练掌握阅读技能。
【命题预测】
通过阅读理解中的引申推断，考查考生的逻辑思维能力、思辨能力和批评性思维。因此，引申推断题将在2024年高考中将成为高考阅读理解的重点题型。
【2024年高考命题预测】
推理判断之引申推断考点是高考中的必考点。每年的高考阅读理解中都会有引申推断题以考查学生的推理判断能力，推理判断题的答案是通过对文章中材料的分析得出的结论，它不是文章中直接的事实。预测在2024高考中，引申推断会继续在高考阅读理解中呈现。
【推理判断之引申推断考点指南】
规律方法：
常见的设问方式：
1. What can be inferred abut the
2．What can be inferred abut the last paragraph?
3．What can we learn frm
4．What can we infer abut frm the text?
如何解决引申推断题？
引申推断题属于深层理解题，要求根据语篇内容，推断具体细节。做此类题目关键是要正确把握文章的内在关系，理解文章的真正含义，要忠实于原文，千万不能主观臆断，随意揣测，更不能以自己的观点代替作者的观点。此类题目的题干一般包括六个动词：infer(推断)，indicate(象征，暗示)，imply(暗示)，suggest(暗示)，assume(假定，设想)和cnclude(推断，做出结论)。
1.[2023·新高考全国Ⅰ卷]
B
When Jhn Tdd was a child, he lved t explre the wds arund his huse, bserving hw nature slved prblems. A dirty stream, fr example,ften became clear after flwing thrugh plants and alng rcks where tiny creatures lived. When he gt lder, Jhn started t wnder if this prcess culd be used t clean up the messes peple were making.
After studying agriculture, medicine, and fisheries in cllege, Jhn went back t bserving nature and asking questins. Why can certain plants trap harmful bacteria(细菌)? Which kinds f fish can eat cancer-causing chemicals? With the right cmbinatin f animals and plants, he figured, maybe he culd clean up waste the way nature did. He decided t build what he wuld later call an ec-machine.
The task Jhn set fr himself was t remve harmful substances frm sme sludge (污泥). First, he cnstructed a series f clear fibreglass tanks cnnected t each ther. Then he went arund t lcal pnds and streams and brught back sme plants and animals. He placed them in the tanks and waited. Little by little,these different kinds f life gt used t ne anther and frmed their wn ecsystem. After a few weeks, Jhn added the sludge.
He was amazed at the results. The plants and animals in the ec-machine tk the sludge as fd and began t eat it! Within weeks, it had all been digested, and all that was left was pure water.
Over the years, Jhn has taken n many big jbs. He develped a greenhuse-like facility that treated sewage(污水) frm 1,600 hmes in Suth Burlingtn. He als designed an ec-machine t clean canal water in Fuzhu, a city in sutheast China.
“Eclgical design” is the name Jhn gives t what he des.“Life n Earth is kind f a bx f spare parts fr the inventr,” he says.“Yu put rganisms in new relatinships and bserve what?s happening. Then yu let these new systems develp their wn ways t self-repair.”
( )24.What can we learn abut Jhn frm the first tw paragraphs?
A.He was fnd f travelling.
B.He enjyed being alne.
C.He had an inquiring mind.
D.He lnged t be a dctr.
2.[2023·新高考全国Ⅱ卷]
D
As cities balln with grwth, access t nature fr peple living in urban areas is becming harder t find. If yu’re lucky, there might be a pcket park near where yu live, but it’s unusual t find places in a city that are relatively wild.
Past research has fund health and wellness benefits f nature fr humans, but a new study shws that wildness in urban areas is extremely imprtant fr human well-being.
The research team fcused n a large urban park. They surveyed several hundred park-gers, asking them t submit a written summary nline f a meaningful interactin they had with nature in the park. The researchers then examined these submissins, cding (编码) experiences int different categries. Fr example, ne participant’s experience f “We sat and listened t the waves at the beach fr a while” was assigned the categries “sitting at beach” and “listening t waves”.
Acrss the 320 submissins, a pattern f categries the researchers call a“nature language” began t emerge. After the cding f all submissins, half a dzen categries were nted mst ften as imprtant t visitrs. These include encuntering wildlife, walking alng the edge f water, and fllwing an established trail.
Naming each nature experience creates a usable language, which helps peple recgnize and take part in the activities that are mst satisfying and meaningful t them. Fr example, the experience f walking alng the edge f water might be satisfying fr a yung prfessinal n a weekend hike in the park. Back dwntwn during a wrkday, they can enjy a mre dmestic frm f this interactin by walking alng a funtain n their lunch break.
“We’re trying t generate a language that helps bring the human-nature interactins back int ur daily lives. And fr that t happen, we als need t prtect nature s that we can interact with it,” said Peter Kahn, a senir authr f the study.
( )34.What can we learn frm the example given in Paragraph 5?
A.Walking is the best way t gain access t nature.
B.Yung peple are t busy t interact with nature.
C.The same nature experience takes different frms.
D.The nature language enhances wrk perfrmance.
3.【2023年1月·浙江卷】B
Live with rmmates? Have friends and family arund yu? Chances are that if yu’re lking t live a mre sustainable lifestyle, nt everyne arund yu will be ready t jump n that bandwagn.
I experienced this when I started switching t a zer waste lifestyle five years ag, as I was living with my parents, and I cntinue t experience this with my husband, as he is nt cmpletely zer waste like me. I’ve learned a few things alng the way thugh, which I hpe yu’ll find encuraging if yu’re ding yur best t figure ut hw yu can make the change in a nt-always-supprtive husehld.
Zer waste was a radical lifestyle mvement a few years back. I remember shwing my parents a vide f Bea Jhnsn, sharing hw cl I thught it wuld be t buy grceries with jars, and have s little trash! A few days later, I came back with my first jars f zer waste grceries, and my dad cmmented n hw silly it was fr me t carry jars everywhere. It came ff as a bit discuraging.
Yet as the mnths f reducing waste cntinued, I did what I culd that was within my wn reach. I had my wn bedrm, s I wrked n remving things I didn’t need. Since I had my wn tiletries (洗漱用品), I was able t start persnalising my rutine t be mre sustainable. I als ffered t ck every s ften, s I prtined ut a bit f the cupbard fr my wn zer waste grceries. Perhaps yur husehld wn’t entirely make the switch, but yu may have sme cntrl ver yur wn persnal spaces t make the changes yu desire.
As yu make yur lifestyle changes, yu may find yurself wanting t speak up fr yurself if thers cmment n what yu’re ding, which can turn itself int a whle husehld debate. If yu have individuals wh are nt n bard, yur wrds prbably wn’t d much and can ften leave yu feeling mre discuraged.
S here is my advice: Lead by actin.
26．What can we infer abut the authr?
A．She is quite gd at cking.B．She respects thers’ privacy.
C．She enjys being a husewife.D．She is a determined persn.
4.[2023·全国甲卷]
D
Grizzly bears, which may grw t abut 2.5m lng and weigh ver 400kg, ccupy a cnflicted crner f the American psyche—we revere(敬畏) them even as they give us frightening dreams. Ask the turists frm arund the wrld that fld int Yellwstne Natinal Park what they mst hpe t see, and their answer is ften the same: a grizzly bear.
“Grizzly bears are re-ccupying large areas f their frmer range,” says bear bilgist Chris Servheen. As grizzly bears expand their range int places where they haven?t been seen in a century r mre, they?re increasingly being sighted by humans.
The western half f the US was full f grizzlies when Eurpeans came, with a rugh number f 50,000 r mre living alngside Native Americans. By the early 1970s, after centuries f cruel and cntinuus hunting by settlers, 600 t 800 grizzlies remained n a mere 2 per cent f their frmer range in the Nrthern Rckies. In 1975, grizzlies were listed under the Endangered Species Act.
Tday, there are abut 2,000 r mre grizzly bears in the US. Their recvery has been s successful that the US Fish and Wildlife Service has twice attempted t delist grizzlies,which wuld lsen legal prtectins and allw them t be hunted. Bth effrts were verturned due t lawsuits frm cnservatin grups. Fr nw, grizzlies remain listed.
Obviusly, if precautins(预防) aren?t taken, grizzlies can becme trublesme,smetimes killing farm animals r walking thrugh yards in search f fd. If peple remve fd and attractants frm their yards and campsites, grizzlies will typically pass by withut truble. Putting electric fencing arund chicken huses and ther farm animal quarters is als highly effective at getting grizzlies away. “Our hpe is t have a clean, attractant-free place where bears can pass thrugh withut learning bad habits,” says James Jnkel, lngtime bilgist wh manages bears in and arund Missula.
( )35.What can be inferred frm the last paragraph?
A.Fd shuld be prvided fr grizzlies.
B.Peple can live in harmny with grizzlies.
C.A special path shuld be built fr grizzlies.
D.Technlgy can be intrduced t prtect grizzlies.
5.[2023·全国乙卷]
B
Living in Iwa and trying t becme a phtgrapher specializing in landscape (风景) can be quite a challenge, mainly because the crn state lacks gegraphical variatin.
Althugh landscapes in the Midwest tend t be quite similar, either farm fields r highways,smetimes I find distinctive character in the hills r lakes. T make sme f my landscape shts, I have travelled up t fur hurs away t sht within a 10-minute time frame. I tend t travel with a few f my friends t state parks r t the cuntryside t g n adventures and take phts alng the way.
Being at the right place at the right time is decisive in any style f phtgraphy. I ften leave early t seek the right destinatins s I can set up early t avid missing the mment I am attempting t phtgraph. I have missed plenty f beautiful sunsets/sunrises due t being n the spt nly five minutes befre the best mment.
One time my friends and I drve three hurs t Devil?s Lake, Wiscnsin, t climb the purple quartz (石英) rck arund the lake. After we fund a crazy-lking rad that hung ver a bunch f rcks, we decided t phtgraph the scene at sunset. The psitin enabled us t lk ver the lake with the sunset in the backgrund. We managed t leave this spt t climb higher because f the spare time until sunset. Hwever,we did nt mark the rute (路线) s we ended up almst missing the sunset entirely. Once we fund the place, it was stressful getting lights and cameras set up in the limited time. Still, lking back n the phts,they are sme f my best shts thugh they culd have been s much better if I wuld have been prepared and managed my time wisely.
( )26.What can we infer frm the auth’s trip with friends t Devil’s Lake?
A.They went crazy with the purple quartz rck.
B.They felt stressed while waiting fr the sunset.
C.They reached the shting spt later than expected.
D.They had prblems with their equipment.
6.D【2022·全国高考乙卷】
The Gvernment's sugar tax n sft drinks has brught in half as much mney as Ministers first predicted it wuld generate, the first fficial data n the plicy has shwn.
First annunced in April, 2016, the tax which applies t sft drinks cntaining mre than 5g f sugar per 100ml, was intrduced t help reduce childhd besity（肥胖）. It is believed that tday's children and teenagers are cnsuming three times the recmmended level f sugar, putting them at a higher risk f the disease.
Initially the sugar tax was expected t make £520m a year fr the Treasury. Hwever, data f the first six mnths shwed it wuld make less than half this amunt. At present it is expected t generate £240m fr the year ending in April 2019, which will g t schl sprts.
It cmes after mre than half f sft drinks sld in shps have had their sugar levels cut by manufacturers（制造商）s they can avid paying the tax. Drinks nw cntain 45 millin fewer kils f sugar as a result f manufacturers' effrts t avid the charge, accrding t Treasury figures. Since April drinks cmpanies have been frced t pay between 18p and 24p fr every litre f sugary drink they prduce r imprt, depending n the sugar cntent.
Hwever, sme high sugar brands, like Classic Cca Cla, have accepted the sugar tax and are refusing t change fr fear f upsetting cnsumers. Fruit juices, milk-based drinks and mst alchlic drinks are free f the tax, as are small cmpanies manufacturing fewer than 1m litres per year.
Tday's figures, accrding t ne gvernment fficial, shw the psitive influence the sugar tax is having by raising millins f punds fr sprts facilities（设施）and healthier eating in schls. Helping the next generatin t have a healthy and active childhd is f great imprtance, and the industry is playing its part.
15. What can be inferred abut the adptin f the sugar tax plicy?
A. It is a shrt-sighted decisin.B. It is a success stry.
C. It benefits manufacturers.D. It upsets custmers.
7.B【2021·英语全国甲卷】
Prt Lympne Reserve, which runs a breeding (繁育) prgramme, has welcmed the arrival f a rare black rhin calf (犀牛幼崽). When the tiny creature arrived n January 31, she became the 40th black rhin t be brn at the reserve. And fficials at Prt Lympne were delighted with the new arrival, especially as black rhins are knwn fr being difficult t breed in captivity (圈养).
Paul Beer, head f rhin sectin at Prt Lympne, said: “Obviusly we're all abslutely delighted t welcme anther calf t ur black rhin family. She's healthy, strng and already eager t play and explre. Her mther, Sli, is a first-time mum and she is ding a fantastic jb. It's still a little t cld fr them t g ut int the pen, but as sn as the weather warms up, I have n dubt that the little ne will be ut and abut explring and playing every day.”
The adrable female calf is the secnd black rhin brn this year at the reserve, but it is t early t tell if the calves will make gd candidates t be returned t prtected areas f the wild. The first rhin t be brn at Prt Lympne arrived n January 5 t first-time mther Kisima and weighed abut 32kg. His mther, grandmther and great grandmther were all brn at the reserve and still live there.
Accrding t the Wrld Wildlife Fund, the glbal black rhin ppulatin has drpped as lw as 5500, giving the rhins a “critically endangered” status.
7．What can be inferred abut Prn Lympne Reserve?
A．The rhin sectin will be pen t the public.
B．It aims t cntrl the number f the animals.
C．It will cntinue t wrk with the Wrld Wildlife Fund.
D．Sme f its rhins may be sent t the prtected wild areas.
1.【2023届河北省高三适应性考试】
One aspect f the clean-energy change will happen inside buildings. Many hmes and businesses burn natural gas fr heating and cking. Natural gas gives ut greenhuse gases as well as ther pllutants that can harm health. Gas appliances (家用电器) can be replaced by electric versins and tap int clean electricity.
Panama Barthlmy is the directr f the Building Decarbnizatin Calitin. His grup, based in Petaluma, Calif., fcuses n limiting gas emissins indrs. “We assume the electric grid (输电网) is getting cleaner ver time, which it is. S, we want mre and mre f ur heating t cme frm electricity.”
It’s much easier t make these types f transitins when gvernments recmmend them, says Beth Miller. She is an eclgist and cnsultant with Gd Cmpany. Based in Eugene, Ore., it helps cmpanies and cmmunities reduce their carbn ftprint. Sme states are already taking steps t make these changes. On September 22, fr instance, Califrnia decided it wuld ban the sale f gas-fired space heaters and water heaters by 2030.
After hmes and businesses make the switch t electric alternatives, they will be mre cmfrtable, says Barthlmy. They will be safer and cleaner, t, he adds. Instead f a gas furnace(燃气炉), an electric heat pump culd bth heat and cl a hme. Gas heaters and stves wn’t be pumping pllutin int a hme’s air. And cks will have even mre cntrl n a mdern electric cker than n a gas stve says Barthlmy.
Getting natural gas ut f yur hme is prbably the largest psitive impact yu can have fr the planet, Barthlmy says. “We all need t fight fr a livable climate. There is n way t meet ur climate gals while still burning gas in buildings. Fr a livable future, we must take measures t stp burning natural gas, thugh we knw we have a lng way t g.” And the bnus: It nw lks like ding that shuld als save peple a lt f mney.
14．What can be inferred frm Paragraph 4?
A．Hmes will be safer.B．Gas stves will be replaced sn.
C．Hmes’ air will have mre pllutants.D．Cks prefer t use traditinal ckers.
2.【2023届安徽省皖江联盟高三最后一卷联考】
Peple spend abut a third f their lives sleeping. That might sund like time wasted, but it’s nt. Even in a deep sleep, the brain is busy. It’s hard at wrk srting memries, cleansing itself f harmful wastes and mre. This time f rest als helps the bdy build strnger bnes and heal wunds faster. Experts recmmend that teens get abut nine hurs f sleep each night. But surveys shw that nly abut ne-third f 18-year-ld reprt getting at least seven hurs f sleep per night. As teens g thrugh puberty(青春期), they becme natural night wls. Their bdies dn’t release the hrmne melatnin (褪黑激素)—which tells the brain it’s time fr bed—until later at night. This shifts their circadian rhythm(昼夜节律) s that sleep cmes mst easily between 11 p.m. and 8 a.m. But mst pubic middle and high schls in the United States start befre 8:30 a.m. And that’s a majr prblem.
Anther reasn fr teens’ widespread sleep shrtage maybe screens. Survey data frm 370.000 U.S. teens has shwn an increase in trading sleep fr screen time. But lsing sleep t screens isn’t just a matter f chsing t stay up later. The light emitted by phnes, laptps and the ther devices makes the brain resist sleepiness. That’s because the glw cntains blue wavelengths als fund in sunlight. This can deceive the brain int thinking it’s daytime.
Lack f sleep has been linked t unhealthy eating and feeling mre anxius. Sleep-deprived peple als have higher risk f feeling depressed, using alchl r drugs, r getting in car accidents. Research suggests that peple wh use screens in bed have a harder time ndding ff. New LED tech culd lessen that effect. But in the meantime, experts suggest putting away electrnics at least 30 minutes befre bed. “It might be hard t quit a lively grup chat r save the next episde f a shw until tmrrw, but turn ff and turn in. Yur bdy and brain will thank yu.”
8．What des the first paragraph imply?
A．There is mre fr the brain t deal with.
B．The brain is the busiest during sleeping time.
C．Sleep is vital t ur health and wellbeing.
D．Many are suffering sleep-related prblems.
3.【2023届福建省龙岩第一中学高考第三次校模拟】
Peter and Minke van Wingerden have created smething wild: a herd f cws flating n the sea. The Dutch husband-and-wife team’s experiment n sustainable agriculture, called Flating Farm, can be fund in the prt f Rtterdam. The mdernist structure huses 40 cws, wh cllectively prduce sme 200 gallns f milk a day. In additin t helping nurish (滋养) the lcal cmmunity, the waterbrne farm is playing a part in the glbal cnversatin abut hw the climate crisis is pushing farmers t recnsider hw—and where—they prduce fd.
Flds, extreme heating, drughts and even rising night temperatures have sent the fd system ff balance. The race t utsmart the cnstant attack f extreme weather has made the wrld f farming unrecgnizable frm what it was nly decades ag. A team f scientists in Mexic is develping wheat types that can adapt themselves t different climates, while Jack’s Slar Garden in Lngmnt, Clrad, is a testbed fr the emerging methd f slar farming.
Rtterdam has already established itself as ne f the mst climate-adaptive places in the wrld. Everything frm ffice buildings t entire neighbrhds are built n water in the city, which is 90% belw sea level. The Wingerdens’ Flating Farm was a new but necessary attempt. Shuld a weather crisis arise, a waterbrne farm isn’t necessarily stuck in place. A frmer prperty develper with a backgrund in engineering, Peter fund his inspiratin fr the Flating Farm in a climate disaster in New Yrk City, where Hurricane Sandy prevented the delivery f fresh fd t millins.
The Wingerdens’ mdel is ripe fr reprductin—which is exactly what the Flating Farm’s team f 14 are wrking n nw. Plans are under way fr a flating vegetable farm t mve int the space next t the current Flating Farm. Permit applicatins are als ut fr similar structures in Dubai, Singapre and the Dutch cities f Haarlem and Arnhem.
The new prjects will apply lessns learned frm Flating Farm. “Yu need t build a huse in rder t knw hw t build a huse,” Peter says. The biggest bstacles he sees ahead, hwever, are nt financial r physical, but rather plitical and administrative. “One f the biggest challenges we cme acrss wrldwide is regulatins. Cities need t have disruptive thinking, cities need t have disruptive departments, and cities need t have areas where yu can say: OK, this is the experimental zne.” Because what Peter and his team are pulling ff is f a different rder than the typical sustainability measures. “We are nt innvative,” he says. “We are disruptive.”
9．It can be inferred frm the passage that ___________.
A．90% f the ppulatin in Rtterdam live belw the sea level
B．The New Yrk City is wrking hard t fight climate change
C．The lcal cmmunity will nt be fed withut new farming
D．Waterbrne facilities are necessary t the future f Rtterdam
4.【2023届山东省潍坊市四县高三下学期5月高考模拟】
When yu step ff the elevatr n the furth flr f Kentucky Children’s Hspital (KCH), yu’re greeted by a magical unicrn (独角兽) in a cmbinatin f greens, blues, and purples.
It is an art piece created by the staff f KCH and UK Arts in Health Care. This unicrn rughly five feet tall and six feet wide, is made up f nthing but thusands f vial (药水瓶) caps, ral injectr caps, and tubes t create an image f a unicrn, silently greeting and cmfrting every patient and visitr.
The idea fr this unicrn was inspired by Tilda Shalf, a nurse in Canada wh spent nearly 30 years cllecting abandned medical plastic t create a clrful creature. KCH nurses apprached the Child Life staff abut creating smething analgus fr their hspital. The staff agreed, and cllectin f plastic began.
Sn the cllectin numbered in the thusands, but the questin remained — what wuld this becme? After many meetings and discussins, KCH staff settled n the idea f a unicrn. After all, unicrns becme the surce where all dreamy thughts can blssm. Meeting a unicrn and making friends with it culd be s appealing t children. Mre than stries abut the healing (治愈) pwer, fr children, a unicrn might even have the magic pwer t change anything.
Lexingtn artist Christine Kuhn jined the team t prvide guidance n the design and cnstructin prcess, but the wrk was dne entirely by KCH staff wh vlunteered their time. “As the unicrn started t take shape, it became even clearer that many hands were present in the artwrk,” said Jey Burke, a nurse ethicist. “Several music therapists asked if they culd add a guitar pick and a member f the maintenance crew added a wire nut. In the end, medical waste became fantastic as the unicrn tk shape.”
When cmpleted, this grand creature needed a name, s a cntest was held amng KCH staff and patients. The name with the mst vtes was Unity “MnPie” McSparkles.
7．What d Jey Burke’s wrds in Paragraph 5 imply?
A．Sme members ppsed reusing medical waste.
B．The design f the unicrn was a bit cmplicated.
C．The staff were enthusiastic abut the unicrn wrk.
D．The cllectin f medical waste was time-cnsuming.
5.【2023届山西省运城市高三5月第三次模拟调研测试】
“Yu brught hme such a big dg n Christmas Eve? She’s nt cming int my huse.“ I said as they came. But my husband was happy t have the dg. Frm what he described, she had been neglected and tied t a tree. Her wners had t get rid f her because they were mving, s my husband brught her alng.
I’m nt against animals, but my wrk in emergency medicine let me see plenty f “the dg never bit anyne befre” cases that I didn’t want repeated with my tw-year-ld. My husband adapted an area in the barn fr her. He fed her in the mrning befre wrk and tk her ut in the evening. She was well-behaved. Still, I wasn’t taking chances with my child.
As the seasns passed, I started t feel bad fr Brandy being stuck utside all the time. She seemed kind and gentle. Day after day, I wuld ntice Brandy in her little space, alne, watching the huse. The guilt was eating at me.
As my daughter grew a little lder, I decided t let Brandy inside. She was a perfect huse guest, shwed n sign f aggressin (进攻) and even became buddies with ne f the cats. We made up fr lst time with treats and sft beds. Once she mved int ur huse, she became a member f ur family. We tk her camping and fund her t be great at traveling. She never caused a single mment’s truble. As she became senir, I fund a little dg Shirley thrugh a rescue. We tk Brandy t meet her, and Brandy played with the puppy, making it clear that there wuld be n prblems bringing the yung ne hme.
Brandy’s patient, gentle spirit shwed me that yu can’t judge a bk by its cver—r a dg by its reputatin. By pening my mind, I learned the truth abut her. I’m s thankful fr Brandy and the way she tuched ur lives, and the lessns she taught me.
7．What lessn did the authr draw frm her experience?
A．Rescued animals are a surce f adptin.
B．Treating animals with respect is rewarding.
C．Dgs can be trained t be human cmpanins.
D．Dn’t judge things by the fame r impressin.
基础过关
（最新模拟试题演练）
1.【2023届福建省龙岩第一中学高考第三次校模拟】
One schl night this mnth I quietly apprached Alexander, my 15-year-ld sn, and patted him n the cheek in a manner I hped wuld seem casual. Alex knew better, sensing by my tuch, which remained just a mment t lng, that I was sneaking (偷偷地做) a tuch f the beard that had begun t grw near his ears. Suddenly he went strmily t his cmputer screen. That, and an angry lk f his eyes, tld me mre frcefully than wrds: Mm, yu are seen thrugh!
I realized I cmmitted a silly behavir: nt shwing respect fr my teenager’s persnal space. “The average teenager has strng feelings abut his privacy,” said tw yung wmen experts. Ms. Frankel and Ms. Fx, bth 17, are the authrs f Breaking the Cde, a new bk that seeks t bridge the generatinal divide between parents and adlescents. It is being prmted by its publisher as the first self-help guide by teenagers fr their parents, a kind f Kids Are Frm Mars, Parents Are Frm Venus that de-mystifies the language and actins f teenagers.
Persnally, I welcmed insights int teenagers frm any qualified experts, and that included the authrs. The mst cmmn missteps in interacting with teenagers, they instructed me, result frm the cnflict between parents maintaining their right t knw what ges n under their rf and teenagers striving t guard their privacy. When a child is yunger, they write, every decisin centers arund the parents. But nw, as Ms. Fx tld me, “ften yur teenager is in this circle that desn’t include yu.”
Ms. Fx and Ms. Frankel acknwledge that teenagers can be quick t interpret their parents’ remarks as negative r authritative and respnd with aggressiveness that masks their defenselessness. “What we want abve all is yur apprval,” they write. “Dn’t frget, n matter hw much we act as if we dn’t care what yu say, we believe the things yu say abut us.”
4．In the secnd paragraph, Kids Are Frm Mars, Parents Are Frm Venus is mentined because ______.
A．it disapprves f pinins in Breaking the Cde
B．it shares the same theme with Breaking the Cde
C．it emplys the same language style as Breaking the Cde
D．it ranks right after Breaking the Cde amng self-help guides
5．With their bk, Ms. Frankel and Ms. Fx ______.
A．declare teenagers’ rightsB．remind parents f teenagers’ missteps
C．help parents knw teenagers betterD．aruse much disagreement frm the public
6．What ften leads t cnflicts between parents and teenagers based n the passage?
A．Teenagers’ defense f their privacy.
B．Parents’ striving t instruct teenagers.
C．Teenagers’ refusal t fllw experts’ advice.
D．Parents’ dislike in teenagers’ attitudes t life.
7．What can be learned frm the last paragraph?
A．Teenagers always rush t judgement n thers.
B．Parents ften seek t create an authritative image.
C．Parents’ pinins abut teenagers matter much t them.
D．Teenagers feature gd cmprehensin and defenselessness.
2.【2023届广东省部分学校高三5月联合考试模拟预测】
Sme f the wrld’s largest telescpes are listening fr signals frm distant alien civilizatins. The search is an effrt t find artificial-lking signals that might have cme frm a technlgically advanced civilizatin in a far-away slar system.
It is a new time fr the search fr extraterrestrial (外星球的) intelligence research, knwn as SETI, which is pening up thanks t machine-learning technlgy. The prblem f big data is relatively new fr SETI. Fr decades, the field had been limited by having hardly any data at all. Astrnmer Frank D．Drake pineered SETI in 1960, when he pinted a telescpe twards tw stars and listened fr radi transmissins. Mst f the SETI searches that fllwed were als limited t a small number f stars.
But in 2015, the biggest SETI prgramme ever in Califrnia: the Breakthrugh Listen prject searched ne millin stars fr signs f intelligent life. The prject lks fr radi emissins that cme frm the directin f a star.
The truble is that these searches get a lt f data-including false psitives frm mbile phnes, GPS and ther aspects f mdern life. “The biggest challenge fr us in lking fr SETI signals is nt at this pint getting the data,” says Sfia Z. Sheikh, an astrnmer at the SETI Institute. “The difficult part is t distinguish signals frm human r Earth technlgy frm the kind f signals we’d be lking fr frm technlgy smewhere else ut in the Galaxy.
Ging thrugh millins f results f bservatin manually (手动地) isn’t practical. A cmmn apprach is t use algrithms(算法). Machine-learning algrithms are trained n large amunts f data and can learn t recgnize features that are characteristic f earthly interference.
“Still, SETI will prbably cntinue t use a mixture f classical and machine-learning appraches t srt thrugh data,” says Jean-Luc Margt, a prfessr at UCLA．“Classical algrithms remain excellent at picking up signals, and machine-learning can nt slve all the prblems f particular situatins.”
8．What had limited SETI fr decades?
A．Artificial-lking signals.B．Machine-learning technlgy.
C．Being shrt f data.D．Dealing with big data.
9．What can we knw abut SETI befre the Breakthrugh Listen prject?
A．It nly searched a few stars.B．It fund signs f intelligent life.
C．It stred a large number f signs.D．It searched false data frm many stars.
10．Why are machine-learning algrithms used t deal with data?
A．It is skilled in picking up signals.
B．It can decrease earthly interference.
C．It’s unnecessary t emply many peple t d the jb.
D．It can recgnize signals frm Earth efficiently.
11．What can we infer frm Jean-Luc Margt’s wrds?
A．Scientists will abandn classical algrithms.
B．It’s a hard jb t srt thrugh a huge amunt f data.
C．Machine-learning will replace classical appraches.
D．Classical algrithms will cntinue t be adpted.
3.【2023届河北省高三适应性考试】
Kelsie Dlin’s grandmther always encuraged her t try new things, ften pushing her ut f her cmfrt zne. One way that her grandmther tried t push her ut f her cmfrt zne was by encuraging her t sing mre, especially in public. Kelsie gave it a sht, but it didn’t turn ut like she’d hped.
Kelsie culdn’t help but ntice the unusual number f American Idl advertisements she’d cme acrss that were made t get peple t auditin (试镜). Finally, it reached a pint where she tk it as a sign fr her t take anther chance n singing.
This was a big change fr the shy, dwn-t-earth yung wman wh was nly 18 at the time. As smene wh grew up in Bne Cunty, West Virginia and had never been n a plane befre, just getting t the auditin wuld mean experiencing a lt f firsts. But nce her plane ride was ver, it was time fr her t step ut f her cmfrt zne in a majr way: Nt nly was she abut t perfrm fr the first time ever, but she was abut t d s in frnt f judges Katy Perry, Luke Bryan, and Linel Richie.
Kelsie chse t sing “Piece by Piece” by Kelly Clarksn, a fitting sng since it cmes frm the first-ever winner f American Idl. The judges were impressed by her vcals (唱功), but they culd tell that Kelsie’s nerves were hlding her back. After much encuragement, they asked if she culd sing the secnd sng she had prepared: “When We Were Yung” by Adele. At first, Kelsie’s cnfidence remained abut the same. But as Perry shuted ut instructins t cheer her up and bring her ut f her shell, smething magical happened.
As she reached the chrus (副歌), Kelsie fund the strength t sing, bringing tears t Richie’s eyes. All three judges were s prud f Kelsie fr her great first perfrmance. They culdn’t help but say the magic wrds “Yu are ging t Hllywd!”
4．What did Kelsie’s grandmther ask her t d?
A．Sing at hme.B．Try smething new.
C．Watch advertisements.D．Stay in her cmfrt zne.
5．Why was it a big change fr Kelsie t g t the auditin?
A．She became very shy.B．She tk a plane fr the first time.
C．She first shwed in an advertisement.D．She wuld experience many new things.
6．What was the judges’ purpse f asking Kelsie t sing the secnd sng?
A．T attract mre audience.B．T help her vercme nerves.
C．T make her understand instructins.D．T encurage her t remain the cnfidence.
7．What can we knw frm the judges’ wrds in the last paragraph?
A．Kelsie was mved.B．Kelsie’s effrt paid ff.
C．The judges were tugh.D．The judges perfrmed well.
4.【2023届湖北省华中师范大学第一附属中学高三下学期5月压轴卷】
Fr mst graduating students, the cllege-admissin seasn, usually in July and August, is a nervus time that is ften described as a life-changing mment.
An anxius 18-year-ld Peng Lanxi gt his admissin letter frm Hunan University f Science and Technlgy n July 26, bringing his dream clser-making prsthetic limbs (假肢) mre advanced and accessible t peple like him. His mther Wang Chunmei culdn’t hld back her tears because she knew hw her sn had vercme the difficulties.
Peng Lanxi lst his legs in a car accident in 2005, when he was a baby. Having learned t walk using just his hands, he enjys life as much as the teenagers arund him. On his wheelchair, he plays basketball and badmintn. Once a week, he ges fr a 40-minute swim, and his best time fr 100 meters is ne minute and 15 secnds.
“I believe that bstacles (障碍) are there t be cnquered. Smene says that life is like a mirrr, and we get the best results when we smile at it,” Peng Lanxi says.
His stry has gne viral (在网上快速传播的) n scial media platfrm Sina Weib, which has been viewed mre than 19 millin times and he wn admiratin frm its users fr his curage, determinatin and hard wrk. A user named Shuangpi cmments that Peng lst his legs, but he desn’t let that get in his way.
The fficial accunt f Hunan University f Science and Technlgy n the platfrm has even cmmented, “Welcme Peng t the university.” Lu Ming says that the schl will help Peng t pursue his dream—t be a prsthetics engineer, a career that will change lives. Peng is nt alne, as authrities have imprved the presence f disabled peple n mainstream campuses in recent years. 14,559 students facing physical challenges entered cllege last year. Frm 2016 t 2020, abut 57,500 special needs students were admitted int universities, a mre than 50 percent increase cmpared with the 2011-2015 perid.
24．Why did Wang Chunmei burst int tears?
A．Her sn can act like a healthy persn.B．Her sn’s achievement was a shck t her.
C．Her sn succeeded after t much difficulty.D．She hped t put n prsthetic limbs fr her sn.
25．What can we knw abut Peng Lanxi frm the third paragraph?
A．His bitter childhd.B．His game experience.
C．His psitive attitude t life.D．His preference fr varius sprts.
26．What caused Peng Lanxi t be ppular?
A．His mther.B．His talents.C．His hard wrk.D．Shuangpi’s cmment.
27．What can be inferred frm the last paragraph?
A．Lu Ming was nce in charge f admissin.
B．Prsthetics engineers can find jbs much easier.
C．Disabled peple at universities are lked dwn n.
D．Being admitted int the university will cntribute t Peng Lanxi’s future.
5.【2023届湖南省部分名校联盟高三5月冲刺压轴大联考】
Phtsynthesis (光合作用) is a unique skill f green plants—they turn water and carbn dixide int xygen and fd via sunlight. A grup f Chinese scientists, hwever, have “cpied” the prcess n animals.
T understand the new breakthrugh, it is imprtant t knw hw phtsynthesis wrks. Plants take in carbn dixide and water frm the air and sil. Within the plant cell, the water is xidized. This transfrms the water int xygen and the carbn dixide int glucse (葡萄糖). The plant then releases the xygen back int the air and stres energy within the glucse mlecules.
In the study, the researchers frm Zhejiang University develped an independent and cntrllable phtsynthetic system, accrding t the study published in Nature in early December, 2022. They separated thylakids (内囊体), a part f the cell where light reactins take place in plants, frm yung spinach (菠菜) leaves. The scientists then wrapped the thylakids with the cver f animal cells, which made the implanted thylakids mre acceptable t freign bdies. The mice used in the study were suffering frm arthritis (骨关节炎), meaning cells in their cartilage (软骨) had degenerated and culd nt be repaired by themselves. With the thylakids implanted int the mice and expsed t light, the mice recvered. Their metablism (新陈代谢) returned t nrmal. In arthritis, patients usually have energy lss since fewer energy-carrying mlecules are generated. The implant, hwever, can crrect the imbalance by string mre energy via phtsynthesis. The researchers als claimed that their tests wuld have medical usage. It can be used as part f the slutin fr degenerative diseases because the natural phtsynthesis system may repair cells. It may als delay the aging prcess in cells.
The study shwed “an exciting achievement that pens up pssibilities f metablism engineering,” cmmented ne f the paper’s reviewers Francisc Cejud, frm the University f Seville in Spain, reprted Xinhua.
28．What des the study fcus n?
A．Whether phtsynthesis wrks n animals.
B．Hw phtsynthesis prevents degenerative diseases.
C．Why degenerative diseases are harmful.
D．What the scientists have dne fr the metablism engineering.
29．What des the underlined wrd “degenerated” prbably mean?
A．Engaged.B．Infected.C．Wrsened.D．Reprduced.
30．What can we learn frm the text?
A．The study has greatly facilitated metablism engineering.
B．Energy lss partially accunts fr degenerative diseases.
C．The tests succeed in underging clinical trials.
D．The implant can generate mre energy.
31．What des the paper reviewer think f the tests?
A．They are inefficient.B．They are demanding.
C．They are unfunded.D．They are prmising.
6.【2023届吉林省长春吉大附中实验学校高三第四次模拟】
T a chef, the sunds f lip smacking, slurping and swallwing are the highest frm f flattery (恭维). But t smene with a certain type f misphnia, these same sunds can be suffering. Brain scans are nw helping scientists start t understand why.
Peple with misphnia experience strng discmfrt, annyance r disgust when they hear particulatriggers (诱因) . Researchers previusly thught this reactin might be caused by the brain veractively prcessing certain sunds. Nw, hwever, a new study published in Jurnal f Neurscience has linked sme frms f misphnia t heightened “mirrring” behavir in the brain: thse affected feel negative and bitte while their brains act as if they were mimicking (模仿) the triggering muth mvements.
The research team, led by Neweastle University neurscientist Sukhbinder Kumar, analyzed brain activity in peple with and withut misphnia when they were at rest and while they listened t sunds. These included misphnia triggers (such as chewing) , generally unpleasant sunds (like a crying baby) , and neutral sunds. The brain’s auditry crtex (听觉皮层), which. prcesses sund, reacted similarly in subjects with and withut misphnia. But in bth the resting state and listening trials, peple with misphnia shwed strnger cnnectins between the auditry crtex and brain regins that cntrl mvements f the face, muth and thrat, while the cntrlled grup didn’t. Kumar fund this cnnectin became mst active in participants with misphnia when they heard triggers specific t the cnditin.
Sme mirrring is typical in mst humans when witnessing thers’ actins; the researchers d nt yet knw why an excessive mirrring respnse might cause such a negative reactin, and hpe t address that in future research. “Pssibilities include a sense f lss f cntrel, invasin f persnal space, r interference with current gals and actins.” the study authrs write.
Fatima Husain, an Illinis University prfessr f speech and hearing science, says ptential misphnia cures culd build n the new findings by cunseling patients abut handling uncnscius mtr respnses t triggering sunds — nt just cping with the sunds themselves. If this wrks, she adds, ne shuld expect t see reduced cnnected activity between the auditry and mtr crtices.
8．Hw might misphnia sufferers respnd t sunds f eating lud?
A．They sink int awful feelings.B．They feel a strng sense f hunger.
C．They can’t help making the sunds.D．They are mre likely t flatter the chefs.
9．What happened t the misphnia sufferers in the research?
A．They suffered less at the resting state.B．They had nticeable brain damage.
C．They became active in mirrring respnse.D．They lst cntrl f their entire bdies.
10．Which may be a self-talk frm a man suffering misphnia?
A．Hw lnely I am t stay by myself!B．Can’t they share their gals with me?
C．Hw cme I can’t cntrl my mind!D．Fllwing her way is the best thing I can d!
11．What might be the significance f the study?
A．Imprving speech and hearing science.B．Develping a treatment fr misphnia.
C．Drawing peple’s attentin t misphnia.D．Prmting human auditry functin researcb.
7.【2023届吉林省长春吉大附中实验学校高三第四次模拟】
“Yu need t sign this,” my sn Je infrmed me. “What is it?” I asked. Rlling his eyes with a sense f impatience, Je replied, “Yur permissin. And it’s due tmrrw!”
I learned that Je’s sixth-grade class wuld be taking a field trip t the state capital. “That sunds like fun,” I said. “I’ve always wanted t g there.” “Yu can’t cme!” Je answered. Puzzled, I asked. “Why nt?” “Because yu always cme n field trips!”
Of curse, I always jined his class n field trips. Being a chaperne (监护人)n a field trip is ne f the advantages that cmes with being a mm, a vacatin day in a career that ffers few pprtunities fr a change f scenery. “Yu dn’t want me t be a chaperne?” “Give smene else’s mm a chance,” he suggested. What was surprising was hw much I minded being s implitely remved frm the shrt list f willing chapernes by my wn sn.
When Je was in kindergarten, his class planned a pretend trip t Nrway. The day befre the trip, Je wke up nt feeling well.
After learning that he didn’t have a fever, I asked, “Yu dn’t want t miss getting ready fr the trip t Nrway, d yu?” “I guess nt,” he said.
But when I picked him up at the end f the day, the teacher whispered, “Je gt a little upset tday.” “What happened?” “He desn’t want t g t Nrway withut yu.” S that was what had been bthering my 5-year-ld. He thught his class was really flying t Nrway n their wden chairs in their paper airplane. He believed thse passprts and tickets he and his classmates had been making were the real deal.
Preadlescence fell upn my family as my husband and I fund urselves preparing fr ur sn’s upcming teen years with the same trepidatin as smene abut t climb an ice-cvered muntain wearing high heeled-shes.
Je needed t take a field trip withut me accmpanying him. And I needed t let him. I’m glad he desn’t need me all the time.
4．What did the authr really mind?
A．Taking additinal respnsibility as a mm.
B．Being asked by her sn t sign a permissin.
C．Getting refused rudely by her sn as a chaperne.
D．Having missed the chance t visit the state capital.
5．What made Je upset when he was five years ld?
A．The lss f his passprt and ticket.B．His ging t Nrway withut his mm.
C．His realizatin f the fake trip t Nrway.D．The attack f a fever befre the jurney.
6．What des the underlined wrd “trepidatin” in Paragraph 7 prbably mean?
A．Excitement.B．Nervusness.C．Expectatin.D．Impatience.
7．Which f the fllwing statements will the authr agree with?
A．Bravery never ges ut f fashin.B．N legacy is s rich as hnesty.
C．Independence is the fundatin f life.D．Children have mre need f mdels than critics.
8.【2023届辽宁省丹东市高三总复习质量测试（二）】
Oxfrd Dictinaries’ wrd f the year fr 2022 was “gblin mde”: A type f behavir, which is lazy, messy, r greedy, typically in a way that rejects scial nrms r expectatins. If we all gt used t making ur hme cmfrtable and beautiful, it feels like last year was the year we gave up: Embracing the mess and the chas that cmes with nrmal life.
In fact, rganized mess has been n the rise fr a while, with the arrival f the term “cluttercre”, the art f having masses f stuff in yur hme and embracing clr and nise. Think messy maximalism: Chas, but lvingly displayed chas.
Clean spaces dn’t lend themselves t innvatin, which is why s many geniuses d their wrk in cluttered studis and chatic ffices. They dn’t see the mess—they see pssibility. Ever knwn the type f persn t stre crayns in the micrwave and bks in the laundry bin? That’s prbably because they thrive n disrder. That kind f mess creates the cnnectins that bring them t their next great idea. They need their envirnment t clash—messes ffer new ways f seeing the wrld. S dn’t wrry that yur huse is t messy; it just might spark yur next genius inventin.
Messy peple have their wn unique ways f keeping rganized. Yu wuldn’t knw frm lking at their piles f clutter, but they knw exactly what’s in them—and hw t find what they’re lking fr in time. Thugh they lk messy t yu, there’s a definite methd t the madness. These piles are, in fact, hyper-rganized and everything is easy t access. Sme chefs thrive in wrkspaces cluttered with ingredients at the ready. Imprvisatin(即兴创作) in cking—a little f this, a little f that—wrks best in a messy kitchen. Painters, writers, scientists and inventrs thrughut histry have ften wrked in disrder. They aren’t merely lazy, but they have their wn way f dealing with clutter. They knw exactly where everything is and that’s just the way they like it.
8．What des the writer suggest in the first paragraph?
A．Learning the wrd fr the year 2022.B．Rejecting scial nrms r expectatins.
C．Being pen t a life f mess and chas.D．Making hmes cmfrtable and beautiful.
9．What d we knw abut rganized mess?
A．It is an art f arranging ur hmes in rder.B．It is anther type f chas lvingly displayed.
C．It enjys greater ppularity than cluttercre.D．It helps make ur life full f clr and nise.
10．What des the underlined wrd “pssibility” in Paragraph 3 refer t?
A．The ptential f being a genius.B．The risk f becming a messy persn.
C．The chance f getting great inspiratin.D．The danger f causing a kitchen accident.
11．Which f the fllwing best fits thse examples in the last paragraph?
A．A ck, wh hardly remembers where the vinegar is.
B．A prfessr, wh always frgets when t have a class.
C．A musician, wh clearly knws where t find his drafts.
D．A clerk, wh ften wnders which papers are imprtant.
9.【2023届辽宁省沈阳市高三教学质量监测（三）】
Many years ag, when I was in high schl and wrking weekends t pay fr the extras — like a class trip, that my family culdn’t really affrd, I lst my wallet.
One day, my ld car required putting gas in the back. I paid and drve ff, my wallet slipping ut f my pcket. I hadn’t even had time t miss it when a man phned and asked me if I had lst my wallet. I checked it and t my hrrr, I had. He asked me t tell him hw much mney was in it. He then tld me where t pick up my wallet.
As I pulled int his driveway, I nticed his disabled van and the ramp (坡道) ging up t the huse. I was thinking that there is n way this man easily gt my wallet. He had t pull ver his van, get in his wheelchair, lwer the lift, and then pick it up. I was just astnished.
I kncked n the dr and he let me in. I thanked him like 10 times. I was stuck, thugh. While I didn’t want t insult (冒犯) him by ffering mney, I really felt like ffering smething. S I asked him if there was anything I culd d t repay his kindness, and he said “Just pass my kindness n”. I said I wuld be certain t d that, as I was raised t be hnest n any accunt. I wanted t repay his kindness, s I whleheartedly prmised.
Well, ne des nt find many wallets and s it was abut 10 years later that I fund ne. It tk me several days t track dwn the man t whm the wallet belnged. He lived in anther state. I hated ging thrugh his wallet, but I finally lcated him thrugh a business card he had in it. He was actually surprised his mney was still in the wallet and he tried t hand me a $20. I tld him “Thanks, but just pass my kindness n”.
4．Hw did the finder make sure the wallet belnged t the authr?
A．He phned the gas statin.B．He checked the amunt f mney.
C．He went thrugh the wallet.D．He asked where the wallet was lst.
5．Hw did the authr feel when he realized the finder’s being disabled?
A．Satisfied.B．Shcked.C．Delighted.D．Hrrified.
6．What did the authr d t thank the disabled man in paragraph 4?
A．He accepted the man’s prpsal.B．He handed the man sme mney.
C．He passed the man’s kindness n.D．He put the mney int an accunt.
7．What lessn can we learn frm the text?
A．Kindness can be passed n.B．Finders keepers, lsers weepers.
C．Kindness lives in ur heart.D．One gd turn deserves anther.
10.【2023·山东省潍坊市三模】
I’d mved t live with my uncle,and ne year after that, I lst my visin. I had since learned t get abut with a cane, and nw I craved getting back t pursue my dream f being a bradcaster.
But my aunt and uncle said it was much t dangerus fr me t g ut n my wn. What if I gt hit by a car? I must stay in the huse. I was dgged. I rejected their guesses. I believed I culd regain my way if I lst it. I tld my aunt and uncle I wuld pay clse attentin, I wuld listen and be very careful when crssing streets.
A public library was ffering a tuitin-free curse n hw t use a cmputer with screen reading sftware designed fr blind peple. This was an imprtant pprtunity fr me, My aunt and uncle reluctantly agreed.
I knew that the American singer Ray Charles, wh was als blind, gt arund n his wn withut a cane. If he culd d it withut a cane, I reasned, surely I culd d it with ne. Ray’ s secret was t cunt steps. But I culdn’t seem l d that the way he had. Instead I captured the layut (布局) f places I visited by taking nte f landmarks in my mind. I’d imagine the mental map I’d drawn and use that in rder t navigate. Tday, I d this autmatically.
But that desn’t mean I didn’t lse my way many times in the prcess f acquiring this skill. Smetimes I’d be s discuraged that I’d cnsider giving up. Maybe I shuld stay hme and wait until smene culd help me. On thse days when I lst my way, I’d g t bed feeling dwn. And because I didn’t want my uncle t wrry abut me, I kept that t myself.
Since that time, I’ve pursued my educatin. I’ve earned three academic degrees, including a master’s, in face-t-face classrms.Tday, I’m a published jurnalist and audi prducer. Nw, surprised at my prgress, my uncle screams t my aunt,“That by can see!”
4．What des the underlined wrd “dgged” mean in the secnd paragraph?
A．Determined.B．Depressed.
C．Ashamed.D．Frightened.
5．Hw did the authr chart his way every day?
A．Depending n a walking cane.
B．Emplying the pwer f imaginatin.
C．Drawing a detailed map himself.
D．Cunting every pace while walking.
6．What did the authr keep a secret?
A．His firm trust in his uncle.B．His desire fr sme help.
C．His lsing his way smetimes.D．His feeling sleepy at bed.
7．What des the authr’s uncle sund by saying “That by can see!”?
A．A blessing.B．A relief.
C．A surprise.D．A praise.
11.【2023届山东省潍坊市四县高三下学期5月高考模拟】
Curisity affects everything frm ur relatinships t ur educatin, but it’s nt easy t study it. With the help f Wikipedia thugh, researchers have nw dne just that, explring tw main types f curisity.
The resulting study was able t divide the individuals int tw previusly identified types, as far as curisity ges: the ‘busybdy’ wh explres a lt f diverse infrmatin, and the ‘hunter’ wh stays n a mre fcused track when it cmes t gaining knwledge.
“Wikipedia allwed bth intrverts (内向) and extrverts t have equal pprtunity in curius practice, a limitatin in ther studies f curisity, while the ad-free search engine allwed individuals t truly be captains f their wn curisity ships,” says biphysicist Daņielle Bassett, frm the University f Pennsylvania.
By recrding pages as ndes (节点) and analysing hw clsely they were related, Bassett and her clleagues were able t find bth busybdies and hunters in their pl f vlunteers — thse wh tended t jump all arund Wikipedia and thse wh were mre likely t stay n clsely related pages.
Hwever, the participants didn’t always stick t ne type f behaviur r the ther, and t find ut why the researchers used a wellbeing questinnaire given t the participants befre the study began, cvering tpics like seeking ut scial interactin and tlerating stress. Based n the surveys, a need t fill specific knwledge gaps seemed t drive hunter-style behaviur, while a desire t seek ut brand new infrmatin was an indicatr f a busybdy-style f Wikipedia brwsing (浏览) — taking larger leaps (跳跃) between ndes r pages. “We assume that a switch frm hunter t busybdy style might arise due t sensatin seeking, r the tendency t pursue nvel and exciting Infrmatin,” says Bassett.
These findings can be useful in a number f ways, including in infrming appraches t teaching. Curisity is als linked t emtinal wellbeing: peple wh are mre curius tend t be mre satisfied with life and less anxius. By making sure infrmatin is available in ways that are accessible, we can encurage curisity and prmte cntentment at the same time.
12．Why did the researchers use Wikipedia t d their study?
A．It culd aruse a higher level f curisity.
B．It charged n fees fr brwsing infrmatin.
C．It enabled intrverts t switch t extrverts.
D．It caused n disturbance t study participants.
13．What did the researchers find ut abut busybdies?
A．They tk smaller leaps between pages.
B．They tended t brwse lsely cnnected infrmatin.
C．They were anxius t narrw specific knwledge gaps.
D．They were mre likely t stick t their type f behavir.
14．What may drive hunters t becme busybdies?
A．The desire t seek nvelty.
B．A reductin in sensatin seeking.
C．A wish t knw like-minded individuals.
D．The need t dive deeply int a certain tpic.
15．What’s the cnsequence f prmting peple’s curisity?
A．Well-runded individuals.
B．Increased feelings f cntentment.
C．Greater ability t figure ut prblems.
D．Mre chances t becme tp teachers.
12.【2023年辽宁省高三第二次全省统考暨朝阳市第一高级中学高三四模】
Wireless Charging:
Deliver Electricity thrugh the Air
A wireless charging rm has been develped by scientists. It can deliver pwer thrugh the air t any laptp, tablet r phne withut the need fr plugs r cables.
The new technlgy invlves generating magnetic fields ver lnger distances withut als prducing electrical fields that wuld prve harmful t any peple r animals within the rm, accrding t the team frm the University f Tky.
The system, which has been tested in a single rm but is still in its infancy (在初始阶段), can deliver up t 50 watts f pwer withut exceeding current guidelines fr human expsure t magnetic fields, the study authrs explained. It culd be used t charge any device with a wire cil (电线圈) fitted inside, similar t the system used with wireless charging pads currently in use—but withut the pad. As well as remving bundles f charging cables frm desks, it culd allw fr mre devices t be fully rbtized withut the need fr prts, plugs r cables.
T demnstrate the new system, they installed the unique wireless charging infrastructure in a purpse- built aluminum “test rm” that was 10 feet by 10 feet. They then used it t pwer lamps, fans and mbile phnes that drew current frm anywhere in the rm, regardless f where furniture r peple had been placed.
Researchers didn’t say what the technlgy might cst because it is still very early in develpment and “years away” frm being made available t the public. “This really ups the pwer f the ubiquitus (无所不在的) cmputing wrld- yu culd put a cmputer anywhere withut ever having t wrry abut charging r plugging in,” said study cauthr Alansn Sample frm the University f Michigan.
There are als clinical applicatins, accrding t Sample, wh said heart implants currently require a wire frm the pump t run thrugh the bdy and int a scket. “This culd eliminate that,” the authr said, adding it wuld act t reduce the risk f infectin and imprve patients’ quality f life by eliminating the wire cmpletely.
12．What’s the advantage f the new technlgy accrding t the text?
A．It is widely used.
B．It’s envirnmentally friendly.
C．The cable is essential in the new technlgy.
D．It nly culd be used t charge sme devices.
13．What des the underlined wrd in Para. 3 mean?
A．Awkward.B．Artificial.
C．Cntrllable.D．Autmatic.
14．What can we infer frm this text?
A．The technlgy takes a lt f investment.
B．Peple can benefit a lt frm this technlgy.
C．Heart plants can be cnducted with the new technlgy.
D．The technlgy ups the pwer f the cmputing wrld.
15．What’s the purpse f the text?
A．T persuade.B．T advertise.
C．T infrm.D．T educate.
13.【湖北省华大新高考联盟2021-2022学年高三下学期4月教学质量测】
The great Swiss psychlgist Jean used t lecture arund the wrld, explaining hw children’s minds develp as they get lder. Once an American asked, “But Prf. Jean, hw can we get them t d faster?” Tday it’s n lnger just impatient Americans wh assume that faster brain and cgnitive (认知的) develpment is better. Acrss the glbe, bth parents and plicy makers eagerly push preschls t be mre like schls.
A wave f new research shws, hwever, that this picture is far t simple. In 1998 a landmark series f studies lked at the lng term effect f Adverse Childhd Experiences (ACEs) n children’s grwing up. ACEs include physical r emtinal verlk r abuse, being pr, lsing parent, vilence r mental (精神的) illness in the hme. Since the riginal studies, there have been hundreds f similar nes dne acrss the wrld. It turns ut that ACEs are disastrusly cmmn.
A new paper by Dr. Mackey, published in Nature Neurscience Reviews, als cncludes that. ACEs seem t make children’s brains grw up t quickly. Dr. Mackey suggests that frequently repeated bad experiences may have the wrst speeding up effect, while mre varied and unusual gd experiences may be particularly likely t keep the brain pen t learning.
Why wuld stress and disasters make us grw up faster and a rich, varied, nursing envirnment make us grw up mre slwly? One influential recent idea takes ff frm the bilgical cncept f “life histry”. An animal’s life histry includes hw lng it lives, hw much it invests in its yung and hw lng it takes thse yung t mature. A “live fast, die yung” life histry makes mre develpmental sense when resurces are few and life is predictably hard.
In brief, a lng, slw life histry ges with a big, smart brain. All f this shuld be able t relieve the parents’ wrries abut “the American questin”. Lving yur children and giving them space t learn and explre is mre imprtant than designing a particular curriculum (课程).
28．What can we infer frm paragraph 1?
A．Americans are usually smarter than thers.
B．American brain science is better develped.
C．Mst peple believed children shuld skip preschls.
D．Mst peple wish t develp their children’s brains faster.
29．What is Dr. Mackey’ s pinin abut speeding up children’s brain?
A．It leads t an early death.
B．It may cause painful prblems.
C．It is beneficial t academic learning.
D．It riginates frm unpleasant envirnment.
30．What des the authr finally advise parents t d?
A．Push preschls t be mre like schls.
B．Put middle-high pressure n their children.
C．Give children care and freedm t learn and explre.
D．Ask teachers t design abundant curricula fr children.
31．What may be the best title fr the text?
A．Live Fast, Die Yung
B．Faster Develpment, Better Future
C．An American Questin, the Wrld’s Prblem
D．ACEs, Key t Children’s Brains’ Develpment
14.【2024届浙江省强基联盟高三仿真模拟卷（一）】
William Lindesay, renwned Great Wall expert and cnservatinist, and his wife Wu Qi have traveled acrss the glbe by the back paths, prviding their sns Jimmy and Tmmy a unique envirnment fr persnal grwth.
Sunhats, backpacks, sneakers and trekking ples — these are the day-t-day must-haves f the family. This East-meets-West cuple started traveling while their yunger sn was still in nappies in 2003. Mst f their trips, mst f which are far frm the ht spts recmmended by travel guidebks, seem mre rigrus than leisurely — heritage study in the Mnglian deserts, a 53-kilmeter hiking tur f New Zealand, a ne-day climb f three English summits and a six-day train ride frm Beijing t Mscw.
“Real travel may be hard, uncertain, uncmfrtable, but there’s a feel-gd factr when yu pass a test f sme kind,” Lindesay wrte in the family’s newly published travel memir Pages f Discvery.
Lindesay attaches great imprtance t learning ut f the classrm, saying that children might scre well n schl tests, but that experience f the wrld utside, in distant lands, with different languages, scripts, plitical structures, and religius beliefs, is the real testing grund.
Children in this internatinal family did nt have the same pressure t perfrm n schl tests, but they had “hmewrk” n the rad. Wu asked her sns t write travel diaries, cllect tickets, draw maps and summarize travel tips. She says such habits, thugh they might nt directly imprve test scres, will pay dividends in later life.
These experiences certainly shaped their sns’ characters and influenced their chsen study at university. One read wrld histry, the ther internatinal relatins. The tw brthers als share an interest in histrical mnuments, and the Great Wall in particular. They are nw planning t fllw in their father’s ftsteps with a new 4,500-km hike n the Great Wall.
“My parents view the wrld as a big classrm, and my brther and I are the biggest beneficiaries,” Jimmy says.
4．Which f the fllwing best describes their trips acrss the wrld?
A．Hard and risky.B．Unique yet stressful.
C．Challenging and educatinal.D．Leisurely yet rewarding.
5．What can we infer abut the cuple frm the text?
A．They think little f schl educatin.
B．They believe travel prvides real educatin.
C．They ask their sns t fllw their career path.
D．They require their sns t perfrm well n schl tests.
6．What d the underlined wrds “pay dividends” mean in paragraph 5?
A．Bring advantages.B．Pay a price.
C．Imprve scres.D．Make mistakes.
7．What des the family’s stry tell us?
A．Gd cmpany n the rad is the shrtest cut.
B．Gd habits frmed at yuth make all the difference.
C．A jurney f a thusand miles begins with a single step.
D．It is better t travel 10,000 miles than t read 10,000 bks.
真题感知
1.A【2022·新高考I卷】
Grading Plicies fr Intrductin t Literature
Grading Scale
90-100, A; 80-89, B; 70-79, C; 60-69, D; Belw 60, E.
Essays (60%)
Yur fur majr essays will cmbine t frm the main part f the grade fr this curse: Essay 1 = 10%; Essay 2 = 15%; Essay 3 = 15%; Essay 4 = 20%.
Grup Assignments (30%)
Students will wrk in grups t cmplete fur assignments (作业) during the curse. All the assignments will be submitted by the assigned date thrugh Blackbard, ur nline learning and curse management system.
Daily Wrk/In-Class Writings and Tests/Grup Wrk/Hmewrk (10%)
Class activities will vary frm day t day, but students must be ready t cmplete shrt in-class writings r tests drawn directly frm assigned readings r ntes frm the previus class' lecture/discussin, s it is imprtant t take careful ntes during class. Additinally, frm time t time I will assign grup wrk t be cmpleted in class r shrt assignments t be cmpleted at hme, bth f which will be graded.
Late Wrk
An essay nt submitted in class n the due date will lse a letter grade fr each class perid it is late. If it is nt turned in by the 4th day after the due date, it will earn a zer. Daily assignments nt cmpleted during class will get a zer. Shrt writings missed as a result f an excused absence will be accepted.
1. Where is this text prbably taken frm?
A. A textbk.B. An exam paper.C. A curse plan.D. An academic article.
2. Hw many parts is a student’s final grade made up f?
A. Tw.B. Three.C. Fur.D. Five.
3. What will happen if yu submit an essay ne week after the due date?
A. Yu will receive a zer.B. Yu will lse a letter grade.
C. Yu will be given a test.D. Yu will have t rewrite it.
2.C【2022·新高考I卷】
The elderly residents (居民) in care hmes in Lndn are being given hens t lk after t stp them feeling lnely.
The prject was dreamed up by a lcal charity (慈善组织) t reduce lneliness and imprve elderly peple’s wellbeing. It is als being used t help patients suffering dementia, a serius illness f the mind. Staff in care hmes have reprted a reductin in the use f medicine where hens are in use.
Amng thse taking part in the prject is 80-year-ld Ruth Xavier. She said: “I used t keep hens when I was yunger and had t prepare their breakfast each mrning befre I went t schl. ”
“I like the prject a lt. I am dwn there in my wheelchair in the mrning letting the hens ut and dwn there again at night t see they’ve gne t bed.”
“It’s gd t have a different fcus. Peple have been bringing their children in t see the hens and residents cme and sit utside t watch them. I’m enjying the creative activities, and it feels great t have dne smething useful.”
There are nw 700 elderly peple lking after hens in 20 care hmes in the Nrth East, and the charity has been given financial supprt t rll it ut cuntrywide.
Wendy Wilsn, extra care manager at 60 Penfld Street, ne f the first t embark n the prject, said: “Residents really welcme the idea f the prject and the creative sessins. We are lking frward t the benefits and fun the prject can bring t peple here.”
Lynn Lewis, directr f Ntting Hill Pathways, said: “We are happy t be taking part in the prject. It will really help cnnect ur residents thrugh a shared interest and creative activities.”
8. What is the purpse f the prject?
A. T ensure harmny in care hmes.B. T prvide part-time jbs fr the aged.
C. T raise mney fr medical research.D. T prmte the elderly peple’s welfare.
9. Hw has the prject affected Ruth Xavier?
A. She has learned new life skills.B. She has gained a sense f achievement.
C. She has recvered her memry.D. She has develped a strng persnality.
10. What d the underlined wrds “embark n” mean in paragraph 7?
A. Imprve.B. Oppse.C. Begin.D. Evaluate.
11. What can we learn abut the prject frm the last tw paragraphs?
A. It is well received.B. It needs t be mre creative.
C. It is highly prfitable.D. It takes ages t see the results.
3.D【2022·全国高考乙卷】
The Gvernment's sugar tax n sft drinks has brught in half as much mney as Ministers first predicted it wuld generate, the first fficial data n the plicy has shwn.
First annunced in April, 2016, the tax which applies t sft drinks cntaining mre than 5g f sugar per 100ml, was intrduced t help reduce childhd besity（肥胖）. It is believed that tday's children and teenagers are cnsuming three times the recmmended level f sugar, putting them at a higher risk f the disease.
Initially the sugar tax was expected t make £520m a year fr the Treasury. Hwever, data f the first six mnths shwed it wuld make less than half this amunt. At present it is expected t generate £240m fr the year ending in April 2019, which will g t schl sprts.
It cmes after mre than half f sft drinks sld in shps have had their sugar levels cut by manufacturers（制造商）s they can avid paying the tax. Drinks nw cntain 45 millin fewer kils f sugar as a result f manufacturers' effrts t avid the charge, accrding t Treasury figures. Since April drinks cmpanies have been frced t pay between 18p and 24p fr every litre f sugary drink they prduce r imprt, depending n the sugar cntent.
Hwever, sme high sugar brands, like Classic Cca Cla, have accepted the sugar tax and are refusing t change fr fear f upsetting cnsumers. Fruit juices, milk-based drinks and mst alchlic drinks are free f the tax, as are small cmpanies manufacturing fewer than 1m litres per year.
Tday's figures, accrding t ne gvernment fficial, shw the psitive influence the sugar tax is having by raising millins f punds fr sprts facilities（设施）and healthier eating in schls. Helping the next generatin t have a healthy and active childhd is f great imprtance, and the industry is playing its part.
12. Why was the sugar tax intrduced?
A. T cllect mney fr schls.B. T imprve the quality f drinks.
C. T prtect children’s health.D. T encurage research in educatin.
13. Hw did sme drinks cmpanies respnd t the sugar tax?
A. They turned t verseas markets.B. They raised the prices f their prducts.
C. They cut dwn n their prductin.D. They reduced their prducts’ sugar cntent.
14. Frm which f the fllwing is the sugar tax cllected?
A. Mst alchlic drinks.B. Milk-based drinks.C. Fruit juices.D. Classic Cke.
15. What can be inferred abut the adptin f the sugar tax plicy?
A. It is a shrt-sighted decisin.B. It is a success stry.
C. It benefits manufacturers.D. It upsets custmers.
4.B【2021·英语全国甲卷】
Prt Lympne Reserve, which runs a breeding (繁育) prgramme, has welcmed the arrival f a rare black rhin calf (犀牛幼崽). When the tiny creature arrived n January 31, she became the 40th black rhin t be brn at the reserve. And fficials at Prt Lympne were delighted with the new arrival, especially as black rhins are knwn fr being difficult t breed in captivity (圈养).
Paul Beer, head f rhin sectin at Prt Lympne, said: “Obviusly we're all abslutely delighted t welcme anther calf t ur black rhin family. She's healthy, strng and already eager t play and explre. Her mther, Sli, is a first-time mum and she is ding a fantastic jb. It's still a little t cld fr them t g ut int the pen, but as sn as the weather warms up, I have n dubt that the little ne will be ut and abut explring and playing every day.”
The adrable female calf is the secnd black rhin brn this year at the reserve, but it is t early t tell if the calves will make gd candidates t be returned t prtected areas f the wild. The first rhin t be brn at Prt Lympne arrived n January 5 t first-time mther Kisima and weighed abut 32kg. His mther, grandmther and great grandmther were all brn at the reserve and still live there.
Accrding t the Wrld Wildlife Fund, the glbal black rhin ppulatin has drpped as lw as 5500, giving the rhins a “critically endangered” status.
7．What can be inferred abut Prn Lympne Reserve?
A．The rhin sectin will be pen t the public.
B．It aims t cntrl the number f the animals.
C．It will cntinue t wrk with the Wrld Wildlife Fund.
D．Sme f its rhins may be sent t the prtected wild areas.
5.C【2021·英语全国甲卷】
When I was 9, we packed up ur hme in Ls Angeles and arrived at Heathrw, Lndn n a gray January mrning. Everyne in the family settled quickly int the city except me. Withut my belved beaches and endless blue—sky days, I felt at a lss and ut f place. Until I made a discvery.
Suthbank, at an eastern bend in the Thames, is the center f British skatebarding, where the cntinuus crashing f skatebards left yur head ringing .I lved it. I sn made friends with the lcal skaters. We spke ur wn language. And my favrite: Safe. Safe meant cl. It meant hell. It meant dn't wrry abut it. Once, when trying a certain trick n the beam（横杆）, I fell nt the stnes, damaging a nerve in my hand, and Tby came ver, helping me up: Safe, man. Safe. A few minutes later, when I landed the trick, my friends beat their bards lud, shuting: “ Safe! Safe! Safe!” And that's what mattered—landing tricks, being a gd skater.
When I was 15, my family mved t Washingtn. I tried skatebarding there, but the lcals were far less welcming. Within a cuple f years, I'd given it up.
When I returned t Lndn in 2004, I fund myself wandering dwn t Suthbank, spending hurs there. I've traveled back several times since, mst recently this past spring. The day was cld but clear: turists and Lndners stpped t watch the skaters. Weaving（穿梭）amng the kids wh rushed by n their bards, I fund my way t the beam. Then a rail—thin teenager, in a baggy white T—shirt, skidded（滑）up t the beam. He sat next t me. He seemed nt t ntice the man next t him. But sn I caught a few f his glances. “I was a lcal here 20 years ag,” I tld him. Then, slwly, he began t nd his head. “Safe, man. Safe.”
“Yeah,” I said. “Safe.”
8．What can we learn abut the authr sn after he mved t Lndn?
A．He felt disappinted.B．He gave up his hbby.
C．He liked the weather there.D．He had disagreements with his family.
6.D【2021·英语全国甲卷】
Wh is a genius? This questin has greatly interested humankind fr centuries.
Let's state clearly: Einstein was a genius. His face is almst the internatinal symbl fr genius. But we want t g beynd ne man and explre the nature f genius itself. Why is it that sme peple are s much mre intelligent r creative than the rest f us? And wh are they?
In the sciences and arts, thse praised as geniuses were mst ften white men, f Eurpean rigin. Perhaps this is nt a surprise. It's said that histry is written by the victrs, and thse victrs set the standards fr admissin t the genius club. When cntributins were made by geniuses utside the club—wmen, r peple f a different clr r belief—they were unacknwledged and rejected by thers.
A study recently published by Science fund that as yung as age six, girls are less likely than bys t say that members f their gender(性别)are “really, really smart.” Even wrse, the study fund that girls act n that belief: Arund age six they start t avid activities said t be fr children wh are “really, really smart.” Can ur planet affrd t have any great thinkers becme discuraged and give up? It desn't take a genius t knw the answer: abslutely nt.
Here's the gd news. In a wired wrld with cnstant glbal cmmunicatin, we're all psitined t see flashes f genius wherever they appear. And the mre we lk, the mre we will see that scial factrs(因素)like gender, race, and class d nt determine the appearance f genius. As a writer says, future geniuses cme frm thse with “intelligence, creativity, perseverance(毅力), and simple gd frtune, wh are able t change the wrld.”
13．What can we infer abut girls frm the study in Science?
A．They think themselves smart.
B．They lk up t great thinkers.
C．They see gender differences earlier than bys.
D．They are likely t be influenced by scial beliefs
7.B【2021·全国高考乙卷】
When almst everyne has a mbile phne, why are mre than half f Australian hmes still paying fr a landline（座机）?
These days yu’d be hard pressed t find anyne in Australia ver the age f 15 wh desn’t wn a mbile phne. In fact plenty f yunger kids have ne in their pcket. Practically everyne can make and receive calls anywhere, anytime.
Still, 55 percent f Australians have a landline phne at hme and nly just ver a quarter （29%） rely nly n their smartphnes accrding t a survey （调查）. Of thse Australians wh still have a landline, a third cncede that it’s nt really necessary and they’re keeping it as a security blanket — 19 percent say they never use it while a further 13 percent keep it in case f emergencies. I think my hme falls int that categry.
Mre than half f Australian hmes are still chsing t stick with their hme phne. Age is naturally a factr（因素）— nly 58 percent f Generatin Ys still use landlines nw and then, cmpared t 84 percent f Baby Bmers wh’ve perhaps had the same hme number fr 50 years. Age isn’t the nly factr; I’d say it’s als t d with the makeup f yur husehld.
Generatin Xers with yung families, like my wife and I, can still find it cnvenient t have a hme phne rather than prviding a mbile phne fr every family member. That said, t be hnest the nly peple wh ever ring ur hme phne are ur Baby Bmers parents, t the pint where we play a game and guess wh is calling befre we pick up the phne（using Caller ID wuld take the fun ut f it）.
Hw attached are yu t yur landline? Hw lng until they g the way f gas street lamps and mrning milk deliveries?
27．What can be inferred abut the landline frm the last paragraph?
A．It remains a family necessity.
B．It will fall ut f use sme day.
C．It may increase daily expenses.
D．It is as imprtant as the gas light.
8.D【2021·全国高考乙卷】
During an interview fr ne f my bks, my interviewer said smething I still think abut ften. Annyed by the level f distractin（干扰）in his pen ffice, he said, “That’s why I have a membership at the c-wrking space acrss the street — s I can fcus”. His cmment struck me as strange. After all, c-wrking spaces als typically use an pen ffice layut（布局）. But I recently came acrss a study that shws why his apprach wrks.
The researchers examined varius levels f nise n participants as they cmpleted tests f creative thinking. They were randmly divided int fur grups and expsed t varius nise levels in the backgrund, frm ttal silence t 50 decibels（分贝）, 70 decibels, and 85 decibels. The differences between mst f the grups were statistically insignificant; hwever, the participants in the 70 decibels grup — thse expsed t a level f nise similar t backgrund chatter in a cffee shp — significantly utperfrmed the ther grups. Since the effects were small, this may suggest that ur creative thinking des nt differ that much in respnse t ttal silence and 85 decibels f backgrund nise.
But since the results at 70 decibels were significant, the study als suggests that the right level f backgrund nise — nt t lud and nt ttal silence — may actually imprve ne’s creative thinking ability. The right level f backgrund nise may interrupt ur nrmal patterns f thinking just enugh t allw ur imaginatins t wander, withut making it impssible t fcus. This kind f “distracted fcus” appears t be the best state fr wrking n creative tasks.
S why d s many f us hate ur pen ffices? The prblem may be that, in ur ffices, we can’t stp urselves frm getting drawn int thers’ cnversatins while we’re trying t fcus. Indeed, the researchers fund that face-t-face interactins and cnversatins affect the creative prcess, and yet a c-wrking space r a cffee shp prvides a certain level f nise while als prviding freedm frm interruptins.
35．What can we infer abut the authr frm the text?
A．He’s a news reprter.
B．He’s an ffice manager.
C．He’s a prfessinal designer.
D．He’s a published writer.
9.C【2021·全国新高考I卷】
When the explrers first set ft upn the cntinent f Nrth America, the skies and lands were alive with an astnishing variety f wildlife. Native Americans had taken care f these precius natural resurces wisely. Unfrtunately, it tk the explrers and the settlers wh fllwed nly a few decades t decimate a large part f these resurces. Millins f waterfwl ( 水 禽 ) were killed at the hands f market hunters and a handful f verly ambitius sprtsmen. Millins f acres f wetlands were dried t feed and huse the ever-increasing ppulatins, greatly reducing waterfwl habitat.
In 1934, with the passage f the Migratry Bird Hunting Stamp Act (Act), an increasingly cncerned natin tk firm actin t stp the destructin f migratry ( 迁徙的) waterfwl and the wetlands s vital t their survival. Under this Act, all waterfwl hunters 16 years f age and ver must annually purchase and carry a Federal Duck Stamp. The very first Federal Duck Stamp was designed by J.N. “Ding” Darling, a plitical cartnist frm Des Mines, lwa, wh at that time was appinted by President Franklin Rsevelt as Directr f the Bureau f Bilgical Survey. Hunters willingly pay the stamp price t ensure the survival f ur natural resurces.
Abut 98 cents f every duck stamp dllar ges directly int the Migratry Bird Cnservatin Fund t purchase wetlands and wildlife habitat fr inclusin int the Natinal Wildlife Refuge System — a fact that ensures this land will be prtected and available fr all generatins t cme. Since 1934, better than half a billin dllars has gne int that Fund t purchase mre than 5 millin acres f habitat. Little wnder the Federal Duck Stamp Prgram has been called ne f the mst successful cnservatin prgrams ever initiated.291
30．What is a direct result f the Act passed in 1934?
A．The stamp price has gne dwn.B．The migratry birds have flwn away.
C．The hunters have stpped hunting.D．The gvernment has cllected mney.
10. B【2020·浙江卷】
The traffic signals alng Factria Bulevard in Bellevue, Washingtn, generally dn't flash the same length f green twice in a rw, especially at rush hur. At 9:30am, the full red/yellw/green signal cycle might be 140 secnds. By 9:33am, a burst f additinal traffic might push it t 145 secnds. Less traffic at 9:37am culd push it dwn t 135. Just like the traffic itself, the timing f the signals changes.
That is by design. Bellevue, a fast-grwing city just east f Seattle, uses a system that is gaining ppularity arund the US: intersectin(十字路口) signals that can adjust in real time t traffic cnditins. These lights, knwn as adaptive signals, have led t significant declines in bth the truble and cst f travels between wrk and hme.
“Adaptive signals can make sure that the traffic demand that is there is being addressed, ” says Alex Stevanvic, a researcher at Flrida Atlantic University.
Fr all f Bellevue’s success, adaptive signals are nt a cure-all fr jammed radways. Kevin Balke, a research engineer at the Texas A&M University Transprtatin Institute, says that while smart lights can be particularly beneficial fr sme cities, thers are s jammed that nly a sharp reductin in the number f cars n the rad will make a meaningful difference. “It’s nt ging t fix everything, but adaptive signals have sme benefits fr smaller cities,” he says.
In Bellevue, the switch t adaptive signals has been a lessn in the value f welcming new appraches. In the past, there was ften an autmatic reactin t increased traffic: just widen the rads, says Mark Pch, the Bellevue Transprtatin Department’s traffic engineering manager. Nw he hpes that ther cities will cnsider making their streets run smarter instead f just making them bigger.
26．What des Kevin Balke say abut adaptive signals?
A．They wrk better n brad rads.
B．They shuld be used in ther cities.
C．They have greatly reduced traffic n the rad.
D．They are less helpful in cities seriusly jammed.
27．What can we learn frm Bellevue’s success?
A．It is rewarding t try new things.B．The ld methds still wrk tday.
C．I pays t put thery int practice.D．The simplest way is the best way.
11. C【2020·浙江卷】
Challenging wrk that requires lts f analytical thinking, planning and ther managerial skills might help yur brain stay sharp as yu age, a study published Wednesday in the jurnal Neurlgy suggests.
Researchers frm the University f Leipzig in Germany gathered mre than 1, 000 retired wrkers wh were ver age 75 and assessed the vlunteers’ memry and thinking skills thrugh a battery f tests. Then, fr eight years, the scientists asked the same grup t cme back t the lab every 18 mnths t take the same srts f tests.
Thse wh had held mentally stimulating(刺激), demanding jbs befre retirement tended t d the best n the tests. And they tended t lse cgnitive(认知) functin at a much slwer rate than thse with the least mentally challenging jbs. The results held true even after the scientists accunted fr the participants’ verall health status.
“This wrks just like physical exercise, ” says Francisca Then, wh led the study. “After a lng run, yu may feel like yu’re in pain, yu may feel tired. But it makes yu fit. After a lng day at wrk-sure, yu will feel tired, but it can help yur brain stay healthy. ”
It's nt just crprate jbs, r even paid wrk that can help keep yur brain fit, Then pints ut. A waiter’s jb, fr example, that requires multitasking, teamwrk and decisin-making culd be just as stimulating as any high-level ffice wrk. And “running a family husehld requires high-level planning and crdinating(协调), ” she says. “Yu have t rganize the activities f the children and take care f the bills and grceries. ”
Of curse, ur brains can decline as we grw lder fr lts f reasns-including ther envirnmental influences r genetic factrs. Still, cntinuing t challenge yurself mentally and keeping yur mind busy can nly help.304
29．Hw des Francisca Then explain her findings in paragraph 4?
A．By using an expert’s wrds.B．By making a cmparisn.
C．By referring t anther study.D．By intrducing a cncept.
12. B【2020·全国新高考II山东卷】
Jenifer Mauer has needed mre willpwer than the typical cllege student t pursue her gal f earning a nursing degree. That willpwer bre fruit when Jennifer graduated frm University f Wiscnsin-Eau Claire and became the first in her large family t earn a bachelr's degree.
Mauer, f Edgar, Wiscnsin, grew up n a farm in a family f 10 children. Her dad wrked at a jb away frm the farm, and her mther ran the farm with the kids. After high schl, Jennifer attended a lcal technical cllege, wrking t pay her tuitin（学费）, because there was n extra mney set aside fr a cllege educatin. After graduatin, she wrked t help her sisters and brthers pay fr their schling.
Jennifer nw is married and has three children f her wn. She decided t g back t cllege t advance her career and t be able t better supprt her family while ding smething she lves: nursing. She chse the UW-Eau Claire prgram at Ministry Saint Jseph's Hspital in Marshfield because she was able t pursue her fur-year degree clse t hme. She culd drive t class and be hme in the evening t help with her kids. Jenifer received great supprt frm her family as she wrked t car her degree: Her husband wrked tw jbs t cver the bills, and her 68-year-ld mther helped take care f the children at times.
Thrugh it all, she remained in gd academic standing and graduated with hnrs. Jennifer sacrificed（牺牲）t achieve her gal, giving up many nights with her kids and missing imprtant events t study. “Sme nights my heart was breaking t have t pick between my kids and studying fr exams r papers,” she says. Hwever, her children have learned an imprtant lessn witnessing their mther earn her degree. Jennifer is a first-generatin graduate and an inspiratin t her family-and that's pretty pwerful.
7. What can we learn frm Jenifer's stry? （ ）
A. Time is mney. B. Lve breaks dwn barriers.
C. Hard wrk pays ff. D. Educatin is the key t success.
13. D【2020·全国新高考II山东卷】
Accrding t a recent study in the Jurnal f Cnsumer Research, bth the size and cnsumptin habits f ur eating cmpanins can influence ur fd intake. And cntrary t existing research that says yu shuld avid eating with heavier peple wh rder large prtins(份), it's the beanples with big appetites yu really need t avid.
T test the effect f scial influence n eating habits, the researchers cnducted tw experiments. In the first, 95 undergraduate wmen were individually invited int a lab t stensibly(表面上)participate in a study abut mvie viewership. Befre the film began, each wman was asked t help herself t a snack. An actr hired by the researchers grabbed her fd first. In her natural state, the actr weighed 105 punds. But in half the cases she wre a specially designed fat suit which increased her weight t 180 punds.
Bth the fat and thin versins f the actr tk a large amunt f fd. The participants fllwed suit, taking mre fd than they nrmally wuld have. Hwever, they tk significantly mre when the actr was thin.
Fr the secnd test, in ne case the thin actr tk tw pieces f candy frm the snack bwls. In the ther case, she tk 30 pieces. The results were similar t the first test: the participants fllwed suit but tk significantly mre candy when the thin actr tk 30 pieces.
The tests shw that the scial envirnment is extremely influential when we're making decisins. If this fellw participant is ging t eat mre, s will I. Call it the “I’ll have what she's having” effect. Hwever, we'll adjust the influence. If an verweight persn is having a large prtin, I'll hld back a bit because I see the results f his eating habits. But if a thin persn eats a lt, I'll fllw suit. If he can eat much and keep slim, why can't I?
14．Why did the researchers hire the actr?
A．T see hw she wuld affect the participants.
B．T test if the participants culd recgnize her.
C．T find ut what she wuld d in the tw tests.
D．T study why she culd keep her weight dwn.
15．On what basis d we “adjust the influence” accrding t the last paragraph?
A．Hw hungry we are.B．Hw slim we want t be.
C．Hw we perceive thers.D．Hw we feel abut the fd.
14. B【2020·全国新课标I】
Returning t a bk yu’ve read many times can feel like drinks with an ld friend. There’s a welcme familiarity - but als smetimes a slight suspicin that time has changed yu bth, and thus the relatinship. But bks dn’t change, peple d. And that’s what makes the act f rereading s rich and transfrmative.
The beauty f rereading lies in the idea that ur bnd with the wrk is based n ur present mental register. It’s true, the lder I get, the mre I feel time has wings. But with reading, it’s all abut the present. It’s abut the nw and what ne cntributes t the nw, because reading is a give and take between authr and reader. Each has t pull their wn weight.
There are three bks I reread annually The first, which I take t reading every spring is Emest Hemningway’s A Mveable Feast. Published in 1964, it’s his classic memir f 1920s Paris. The language is almst intxicating (令人陶醉的)，an aging writer lking back n an ambitius yet simpler time. Anther is Annie Dillard’s Hly the Firm, her petic 1975 ramble (随笔) abut everything and nthing. The third bk is Juli Crtazar’s Save Twilight: Selected Pems, because petry. And because Crtazar.
While I tend t buy a lt f bks, these three were given t me as gifs, which might add t the meaning I attach t them. But I imagine that, while mney is indeed wnderful and necessary, rereading an authr’s wrk is the highest currency a reader can pay them. The best bks are the nes that pen further as time passes. But remember, it’s yu that has t grw and read and reread in rder t better understand yur friends.
24．Why des the authr like rereading?
A．It evaluates the writer-reader relatinship.
B．It’s a windw t a whle new wrld.
C．It’s a substitute fr drinking with a friend.
D．It extends the understanding f neself.
25．What d we knw abut the bk A Mveable Feas!?
A．It’s a brief accunt f a trip.
B．It’s abut Hemingway’s life as a yung man.
C．It’s a recrd f a histric event.
D．It’s abut Hemingway’s friends in Paris.
27．What can we infer abut the authr frm the text?
A．He lves petry.
B．He’s an editr.
C．He’s very ambitius.
D．He teaches reading.
15. C【2020·全国新课标II】
When yu were trying t figure ut what t buy fr the envirnmentalist n yur hliday list, fur prbably didn’t crss yur mind. But sme eclgists and fashin (时装)enthusiasts are trying t bring back the market fr fur made frm nutria(海狸鼠).
Unusual fashin shws in New Orleans and Brklyn have(shwcased)nutria fur made int clthes in different styles. “It sunds crazy t talk abut guilt-free fur-unless yu understand that the nutria are destrying vast wetlands every year”, says Cree McCree, prject directr f Righteus Fur.
Scientists in Luisiana were s cncerned that they decided t pay hunters $5 a tail. Sme f the fur ends up in the fashin shws like the ne in Brklyn last mnth.
Nutria were brught there frm Argentina by fur farmers and let g int the wild. “The ecsystem dwn there can’t handle this nn-native species(物种).It’s destrying the envirnment. It’s them r us.” says Michael Massimi, an expert in this field.
The fur trade kept nutria check fr decades，but when the market fr nutria cllapsed in the late 1980s，the cat-sized animals multiplied like crazy.
Bilgist Edmnd Mutn runs the nutria cntrl prgram fr Luisiana. He says it’s nt easy t cnvince peple that nutria fur is green, but he has n dubt abut it. Hunters bring in mre than 300,000 nutria tails a year, s part f Mutn’s jb these days is trying t prmte fur.
Then there’s Righteus Fur and its unusual fashin. Mrgan says，”T give peple a guilt-free ptin that they can wear withut smene thrwing paint n them-1 think that’s ging t be a massive thing, at least here in New Yrk.” Designer Jennifer Andersn admits it tk her a while t cme arund t the pinin that using nutria fur fr her creatins is mrally acceptable. She trying t cme up with a label t attach t nutria fashins t shw it is ec-friendly.318
31．What can we infer abut wearing fur in New Yrk accrding t Mrgan?
A．It’s frmal.B．It’s risky.C．It’s harmful.D．It’s traditinal.
16. B【2020·全国新课标III】
When "Rise f the Planet f the Apes" was first shwn t the public last mnth, a grup f excited animal activists gathered n Hllywd Bulevard. But they weren’t there t thrw red paint n fur-cat-wearing film stars. Instead, ne activist, dressed in a full-bdy mnkey suit, had arrived with a sign praising the filmmakers: "Thanks fr nt using real apes (猿)!"
The creative team behind "Apes" used mtin-capture (动作捕捉) technlgy t create digitalized animals, spending tens f millins f dllars n technlgy that I recrds an actr’s perfrmance and later prcesses it with cmputer graphics t create a final image (图像). In this case, ne f a realistic-lking ape.
Yet "Apes" is mre exceptin than the rule. In fact, Hllywd has been ht n live animals lately. One nnprfit rganizatin, which mnitrs the treatment r animals in filmed entertainment, is keeping tabs n mre than 2,000 prductins this year. Already, a number f films, including "Water fr Elephants," "The Hangver Part Ⅱ" and "Zkeeper," have drawn the anger f activists wh say the creatures acting in them haven’t been treated prperly.
In sme cases, it’s nt s much the treatment f the animals n set in the studi that has activists wrried; it’s the ff-set training and living cnditins that are raising cncerns. And there are questins abut the films made utside the States, which smetimes are nt mnitred as clsely as prductins filmed in the Sates.241
27. What can we infer frm the last paragraph abut animal actrs?
A. They may be badly treated.
B. They shuld take further training.
C. They culd be traded illegally
D. They wuld lse ppularity.
考点
题型
推理判断之引申推断
阅读理解
2023
试卷类型
设问
考点
[2023·新高考全国Ⅰ卷]B
( )24.What can we learn abut Jhn frm the first tw paragraphs?
引申推断
[2023·新高考全国Ⅱ卷]D
( )34.What can we learn frm the example given in Paragraph 5?
引申推断
【2023年1月·浙江卷】B
26．What can we infer abut the authr?
引申推断
[2023·全国甲卷]D
( )35.What can be inferred frm the last paragraph?
引申推断
[2023·全国乙卷]B
( )26.What can we infer frm the auth’s trip with friends t Devil’s Lake?
引申推断
2022
2022·新高考I卷
阅读A23.3. What will happen if yu submit an essay ne week after the due date?
C篇31. What can we learn abut the prject frm the last tw paragraphs?
引申推断
2022·全国高考乙卷
D篇35. What can be inferred abut the adptin f the sugar tax plicy?
引申推断
2021
2021·英语全国甲卷
B篇27．What can be inferred abut Prn Lympne Reserve?
D篇33．What can we infer abut girls frm the study in Science?
引申推断
2021·全国高考乙卷
B篇27．What can be inferred abut the landline frm the last paragraph?
D篇35．What can we infer abut the authr frm the text?
引申推断
2021·全国新高考I卷
C篇30．What is a direct result f the Act passed in 1934?
引申推断
2021·全国新高考II卷
D篇34．Why des Pete Bnds still hire cwbys t watch cattle?
引申推断