2025版高考英语全程一轮复习课时作业二十三Unit5Revealingnature外研版选择性必修第一册

这是一份2025版高考英语全程一轮复习课时作业二十三Unit5Revealingnature外研版选择性必修第一册，共9页。

Helsinki Z
This is a z lcated n an island in Finland—it is the cuntry's biggest z that has amazing animals like deer, Siberian tigers and even bears. What adds t the beauty f this z is the natural wildlife that surrunds it n the island. Frm beautiful rainfrests t lts f plant species, Helsinki Z shuld be a destinatin yu wn't regret visiting.
Trnt Z
Trnt Z is hme t ver 16，000 animals, including tigers, lins, and mnkeys. The z—has an amazing grilla (大猩猩) habitat exhibit, and a Discvery Zne fr children t learn mre abut the animals and their natural habitats. Anther thing that makes this z wrth a visit is its prtectin plicy, Trnt Z has helped t prtect endangered species frm all arund the wrld and is ne f the very few animal­friendly zs in Nrth America.
Sa Pal Z
The state f Sa Pal has strict laws abut animal cruelty and can actually give ut fines (罚款) f up t US $435，000 fr animal testing. S it's n surprise that Sa Pal Z, with its ver 3，200 animals, is animal­friendly. They als spend time in prtectin effrts, fcusing n Brazil's wn endangered animals. Here, yu'll see plenty f animals like parrts, wild cats and varius birds.
Wellingtn Z
It is New Zealand's first and largest z and is hme t mre than 500 different animals and 100 different species. Fcusing n wildlife prtectin, Wellingtn Z has successfully saved endangered animals like the Sun Bear. If yu make yur way t this z, yu'll als find yurself face­t­face with red pandas, mnkeys and the cuntry's fficial bird, the kiwi. This animal­friendly z is als ec­friendly, equipped with slar heating and pwer.
1．What makes Helsinki Z different frm Trnt Z?
A．It has tigers.
B．It has lts f animal species.
C．It stands n an island.
D．It is a gd z t visit.
2．What can peple enjy in Trnt Z?
A．Seeing beautiful rainfrests.
B．Learning abut animals' natural habitats.
C．Watching tiger and lin habitat exhibits.
D．Seeing special animals such as Siberian tigers.
3．What can we learn frm the passage?
A．Helsinki Z has the mst animal species.
B．Wellingtn Z has managed t prtect the Sun Bear.
C．There are many animal­friendly zs in Nrth America.
D．Peple will nt be fined even if they test animals in the state f Sa Pal.
B
[2024·浙江省名校协作体高三上学期联考]Gladys West, the mathematician, was brn in 1930 in Virginia and had t help harvest crps n her family's farm. The hard wrk started befre daybreak and lasted well int the blistering heat f the afternn. T get ut f there, she was ging t get an educatin.
Her parents tried t save sme mney t send her t cllege, but unexpected bills kept hitting the fund. Then a teacher annunced that the state was ging t give a cllege schlarship t the tw tp students frm her year. Finally, West gt the schlarship, allwing her t attend Virginia State Cllege, a histrically black university.
West decided t majr in mathematics because it was a well­respected subject. It was largely studied by men, but she didn't take much ntice f them as she knew deep in her heart that nthing was getting in her way. After graduating, she became a teacher. A few years later, she returned t the university and earned a master's degree in mathematics. Then she was ffered a jb at a naval base in Dahlgren, Virginia. This made her nly the secnd black wman t be hired t wrk as a prgrammer at the base.
Despite her intellectual abilities and career success, West felt she was inferir. It was this feeling, deeply rted and felt by many African Americans, that drve her t wrk as hard as she culd. West determined t cmmit herself t her wrk, hping that by ding it t the best f her ability, she culd get recgnitin fr her wrk.
West did just that. In 1979, she became prject manager fr the Seasat prject, the first satellite that culd mnitr the ceans. She prgrammed an IBM 7030 Stretch cmputer, prviding faster calculatins fr an accurate Earth mdel. This detailed mathematical mdel f the shape f the Earth was a__building__blck fr what wuld becme the GPS rbit. In 1998, aged 68, she intended t fcus n her PhD after retirement. She eventually finished her graduatin thesis and gained her PhD in public administratin and plicy affairs in 2000 at the age f 70.
4．What helps Gladys West t g t the university?
A．Her teacher's aiding her.
B．Her parents' paying fr the expenses.
C．Her family backgrund.
D．The schlarship frm the gvernment.
5．What can we infer frm the text?
A．West gt all her degrees after retirement.
B．Men dminated maths field in West's days.
C.Black wmen scientists' talent was fully appreciated.
D．When she began t wrk, West felt she was superir t thers.
6．What des the underlined phrase “a building blck” in Paragraph 5 mean?
A．A basic part.
B．A detailed map.
C．A building material.
D．A majr bstacle.
7．What kind f persn is Gladys West?
A．Helpful and serius.
B．Hnest and hardwrking.
C．Ambitius and cmmitted.
D．Cnsiderate and devted.
C
[2024·山东省泰安市高三上学期期中]Getting rid f ld tyres has lng been a prblem. Every year mre than a billin reach the end f the rad. Until recently, mst were thrwn int landfills r piled up in strage yards. Tugher envirnmental laws mean many cuntries nw insist tyres are recycled.
Sme firms, therefre, have begun explring a great idea. Since tyres are mstly made frm hydrcarbns, it shuld be pssible in principle t turn ld tyres int lw­carbn fuel which can be used t run the vehicles they came frm. One f the mst ambitius firms pursuing the idea is Wastefrnt, which is based in Osl, in Nrway. Later this year the cmpany will start building a giant tyre­recycling plant. In a cuple f years, when the plant is fully peratinal, it will be able t turn 8m ld tyres int new prducts, including sme 25，000 tns f a black liquid called tyre derived il (TDO)．
The prcess wrks by decnstructing (解构) a tyre int three main parts. One is steel, which is used t brace the structure f a tyre. The secnd is carbn black, a pwdery carbn used t imprve the durability f the tyre. The third is rubber.
In rder t d the decnstructing, the tyres are first shredded and the steel bracing remved. The remaining material then ges thrugh a prcess called pyrlysis (热解). This invlves expsing a material t high temperatures in the absence f air. That causes the rubber t turn int a mix f hydrcarbn gases, which are drawn ff. What is left behind is pure carbn black. Once the drawn­ff gas has cled dwn, a part f it changes int TDO. The remaining gases, which include methane, are funneled back arund t be burned, fuelling the reactr.
The verall utput f the prcess by weight is 40% TDO, 30% carbn black, 20% steel and 10% gas. The recvered TDO is similar t crude il fresh frm the grund. The carbn black can be re­used t make new tyres, which is f interest t tyre­makers. This, says Vianney Vales, Wastefrnt's bss, creates a clsed­lp system that prevents emissins.
8．What can we learn abut ld tyres frm the first paragraph?
A．A billin f them are n the rad.
B．Thrwing them int landfills is easy.
C．Hw t handle them is challenging.
D．Envirnmental laws insist tyres be piled up.
9．Why will Wastefrnt start building a giant tyre­recycling plant?
A．T get hydrcarbns.
B．T explre a great idea.
C．T prduce new tyres.
D．T turn ld tyres int fuel.
10．What is the authr's purpse in mentining Vianney Vales?
A．T shw his ambitin.
B．T shw the success f the idea.
C．T stress the utput f decnstructing.
D．T cmpare different utput f decnstructing.
11．Which f the fllwing is a suitable title fr the text?
A．Recycling tyres: Fuel frm yur wheels
B．One Cmmn Energy Recvery Methd
C．Hw t decnstruct ld tyres reasnably
D．An alternative, pleasingly realistic idea
Ⅱ.七选五
[2024·云南省三校高三第二次联考]
Are Sprts Drinks Gd r Bad fr Yu?
Sprts drinks are electrlyte­enhanced drinks. __1__. They will cntain electrlytes (电解质) and smetimes cntain caffeine.
There are als energy drinks that are ften, and unfrtunately, cnfused with sprts drinks. Energy drinks typically cntain large amunts f caffeine. Many cntain ther legal stimulants. These energy drinks culd reduce tiredness and enhance perfrmance in the shrt term. __2__ when ur purpse is t restre electrlytes and water.
__3__. High amunts f caffeine can cause irregular and rapid heartbeats. Individuals may becme anxius and develp sleeping prblems. Thse cnsuming energy drinks instead f sprts drinks r water may becme dehydrated (脱水). We knw that there are ingredients in energy drinks. __4__，but they may be present in much larger quantities than peple nrmally cnsume.
The American Academy f Pediatrics recmmends that children and teenagers d nt use energy drinks. Parents shuld keep in mind that there are ther drinks that cntain caffeine, and that many sprts drinks cntain very high levels f caffeine that wuld be far mre than the daily recmmended amunt. __5__．
A．Many energy drinks are used in studies
B.Hwever, they are nt sprts drinks and shuld nt be used
C．Many ingredients in these energy drinks are marketed as “natural”
D.Energy drinks can be dangerus when cnsumed in large quantities
E．Cnsuming sprts drinks shuldn't be saved fr the late stages f the race
F.Therefre, it's best fr children t avid sprts drinks with added caffeine
G.Their main purpse is t restre water and electrlytes lst during heavy exercise and sweating
[答题区]
1．____________ 2.____________ 3.____________ 4.____________ 5.____________
课时作业(二十三) 选择性必修第一册 Unit 5 Revealing nature
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇应用文。介绍了世界上颇具特色的四个动物园，详细介绍了这四个动物园的具体信息。旨在吸引更多的游客前往参观。
1．答案与解析：C 细节理解题。根据第一段第一句可知赫尔辛基动物园坐落在一个小岛上，这是与其他几个动物园不一样的地方。
2．答案与解析：B 细节理解题。根据第二段第二句可知在多伦多动物园里，人们可以了解动物以及他们的栖息地的相关内容。
3．答案与解析：B 细节理解题。根据最后一段第二句可知Wellingtn动物园成功地保护了the Sun Bear。
B
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了出生在农民家庭的West通过自己的不懈努力考进大学研究数学专业，最后成为一名优秀的女科学家并作出巨大贡献的故事。
4．答案与解析：D 细节理解题。根据第二段中“Finally, West gt the schlarship, allwing her t attend Virginia State Cllege，”可知，是奖学金使得West能够进入大学。故选D项。
5．答案与解析：B 推理判断题。根据第三段中“It was largely studied by men”可知，在West那个时代里，男人主宰着数学领域。
6．答案与解析：A 词句猜测题。画线词句前文“她编写了一台IBM 7030 Stretch计算机，为精确的地球模型提供了更快的计算。”说明这个数学模型是GPS的基础，从而推知画线词句“(这个关于地球形状的详细数学模型是GPS轨道的a__building__blck。)”其中画线短语应为“基石”的意思，故选A项。
7．答案与解析：C 推理判断题。根据最后一段“In 1998, aged 68, she intended t fcus n her PhD after retirement...”可知，West是一位有雄心抱负的人。根据第四段中“West determined t cmmit herself t her wrk”可知，她是一位尽心尽力的人。故选C项。
C
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了将轮胎回收利用变为燃料的措施。
8．答案与解析：C 细节理解题。由文章第一段“Getting rid f ld tyres has lng been a prblem.”可知，如何处理这些旧轮胎一直是个难题，很有挑战性。故选C。
9．答案与解析：D 细节理解题。由文章第二段中“由于轮胎主要是由碳氢化合物制成的，原则上应该有可能将旧轮胎转化为低碳燃料，用于驱动它们原来的车辆……今年晚些时候，该公司将开始建设一个巨大的轮胎回收工厂。”可知，Wastefrnt要开始建造一个巨大的轮胎回收厂是因为它想把旧轮胎变成燃料。故选D。
10．答案与解析：B 推理判断题。由文章最后一段“按重量计，该工艺的总产量为40% TDO, 30%炭黑，20%钢和10%气体。回收的TDO类似于刚从地下开采出来的原油。炭黑可以重新用于制造新轮胎，这是轮胎制造商感兴趣的。‘废物前线’的老板Vianney Vales说，这创造了一个防止排放的闭环系统。”可推知，作者提到维亚尼·瓦雷斯的目的是为了证明这个想法的成功。故选B。
11．答案与解析：A 标题判断题。通读全文，尤其是文章第二段可知，文章主要讲述了回收轮胎的新方法，即将废旧轮胎作为燃料。A选项“回收轮胎：轮胎里的燃料”适合作为最佳标题。故选A。
Ⅱ.七选五
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲运动饮料和功能饮料的区别以及饮料对我们身体的影响。
1．答案与解析：G 由上文“运动饮料是电解质增强型饮料。”以及下文“它们含有电解质，有时还含有咖啡因。”可知，这里主要介绍什么是运动饮料以及作用，而G项“它们的主要目的是恢复在剧烈运动和出汗过程中损失的水分和电解质”符合语境，其中Their 与上文Sprts drinks对应，electrlytes也与后文对应。
2．答案与解析：B 由上文“这些能量饮料可以在短期内减少疲劳并提高表现。”可知，这里主要介绍功能饮料的作用，而B项“然而，它们不是运动饮料，不应使用”符合语境，与上文为转折关系。其中they 与上文These energy drinks对应，shuld nt be used与后文when ur purpse is t restre electrlytes and water组合句意通顺。
3．答案与解析：D 由下文“大量的咖啡因会导致心跳不规则和心跳加速。个人可能会变得焦虑并出现睡眠问题。”可知，这里主要讲功能饮料的害处，而D项“大量饮用能量饮料可能很危险”符合语境，对下文有启下作用。
4．答案与解析：C 由下文“但它们的存在量可能比人们通常消费的量大得多。”可知，这里主要讲功能饮料当中成分含量过多，而C项“这些能量饮料中的许多成分在市场上被称为‘天然’”符合语境，其中Many ingredients与下文的they对应，且前后两句形成转折关系。
5．答案与解析：F 由上文“家长们应该记住，还有其他饮料含有咖啡因，许多运动饮料中的咖啡因含量非常高，远远超过每日推荐量。”可知，这里主要讲家长应注意饮料中的咖啡因。而F项“因此，儿童最好避免饮用添加咖啡因的运动饮料”符合语境，其中children与上文Parents 对应，caffeine也与前文对应。