专题08 阅读理解之七选五（原卷版+解析版）

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规律1：段首设空——段落主题+承上启下
策略1：把握形似, 确定语段标题句
【典题示例】
· 37
Sme peple may think that a garden is n mre than plants, flwers, patterns and masses f clr. Others are cncerned abut using gardening methds that require less water and fewer fertilizers(肥料). 38 Still thers may simply enjy being utdrs and clse t plants. Hwever, there are a number f ther reasns that might explain why yu want t garden. One f them cmes frm ur earliest years.
·Recall(回忆)yur childhd memries
A. Knw why yu garden
B. Find a gd place fr yur wn garden
【思路分析】本题考查对段落小标题的选择。首先根据下文的另一个小标题· Recall(回忆)yur childhd memries(祈使句), 可以将选择范围缩小到A项和B项之间, 再根据段落中的there are a number f ther reasns that might explain why yu want t garden. One f them cmes frm ur earliest years. 可以发现该段主要是分析从事园艺的原因, 故选 A 。
策略2：根据一致, 确定段落主题句
【典题示例】 (2021·全国乙卷·节选)
36 , if yu’re ut f yur cmfrt zne r if yu’re wandering int smebdy’s huse fr the first time. S the main thing is just t shw up and be adventurus, trying different fds and talking t strangers.
A. Hw d yu knw the hst
B. The first step is t g explring
C. If yu ask the questin “Hw did yu get here? ”
D. Be prepared t have awkward cnversatins with strangers
E. Or turn the cnversatin int a tpic where they have little t say
F. What abut that persn wh has had t much t drink r wn’t stp talking
G. He r she is the persn wh is feeling the weight f that awkwardness the mst
【思路分析】本题考查段落主题句。从本段中的“if yu’re ut f yur cmfrt zne r if yu’re wandering int smebdy’s huse fr the first time”, 及“be adventurus, trying different fds and talking t strangers”可知本段主要谈论了走出了自己的舒适区, 或者第一次走进别人的家里, 敢于冒险, 尝试不同的食物, 和陌生人交谈。选项“B. The first step is t g explring”符合语境。故选 B 。
策略3：瞻前顾后, 确定段落过渡句
【典题示例】 (2021·全国甲卷·节选)
Swap, Dn’t Shp!
Yu keep hearing abut recycling, right? But it desn’t end with bttles, cans, and paper. Clthing takes a huge amunt f natural resurces (资源) t make, and buying lads f new clthing (r thrwing ut ld clthing) is nt healthy fr the envirnment. S what t d with all thse perfectly-gd-but-yu’re-maybe-a-little-sick-f-them clthes piled n yur bedrm flr?
16 . It’s the best way t get rid f yur used clthes, scre clthes frm yur friends, and have a party all at the same time.
A. Less peple than that
B. Hld a clthing swap
C. If tw peple are cmpeting
D. Just keep music playing thrughut
E. Dnate whatever clthes are left ver
F. Have everyne put their clthes in the right spts
【思路分析】本题考查段落过渡句。本题前段尾句问“那么, 该如何处理那些堆在卧室地板上的虽完好但可能有点厌倦的衣服呢? ”, 后句提到“这是扔掉旧衣服、从朋友那里得到衣服并同时开派对的最好方法”, B选项“进行衣物交换”是对前句的回答, 同时引起下文, 故选 B 。
规律2：段中设空——“七种关系”助力解题
通常考查与前后句子之间的逻辑关系和上下文的衔接。考查要点有: 总分关系、解释关系、例证关系、转折关系、因果关系、递进关系和并列关系。有时会出现下列衔接词汇或短语结构: first, secnd, then, next, later, sn, s, but, hwever, additinally, what’s mre, that is, namely, in ther wrds, fr ne thing. . . fr anther等, 这些词汇和短语结构在文章中起到提示逻辑关系的作用, 是解题时需要重点关注的部分。
策略1：根据总分关系确定答案
【典题示例】
The friends wh intrduced me t camping thught that it meant t be a pineer. 37 We slept in a tent, cked ver an pen fire, and walked a lng distance t take the shwer and use the bathrm. This brief visit with Mther Nature cst me tw days ff frm wrk, recvering frm a bad case f sunburn and the dctr’s bill fr my sn’s fd pisning.
C. The trip they tk me n was a rugh ne.
F. After the trip, my family became interested in camping.
【思路分析】本题考查总分关系。根据下文的描述“我们睡在帐篷里、在篝火上做饭、走很远的路去洗澡和上厕所”可知, 这次野营比较艰难, 设空处是总体评价, 后面是详细描述。故选 C 。
策略2：根据解释关系确定答案
【典题示例】 (2021·新高考Ⅰ卷·节选)
In France, quality f life is much mre imprtant than efficiency (效率). Yu can tell this by cafés life. French cafés are always crwded. 40 When d these peple wrk? The French take their 35-hur wrkweek seriusly — s seriusly that sme labr unins recently struck a deal with a grup f cmpanies limiting the number f hurs that independent cntractrs can be n call.
A. Nt all the custmers are turists.
B. The quality f life in France is equally excellent.
C. There was a nice kitchen and a cmfrtable bed.
D. The amazing fd is mainly cnsumed by lcal farmers.
E. That’s nt the nly reasn the French eat less than we d.
F. Our aim was t see if we culd live, in sme way, like real Parisians.
G. The fd is s delicius that yu dn’t need much f it t make yu happy.
【思路分析】本题考查解释关系。设空前介绍法国咖啡厅常常很拥挤, 设空处“并非所有的顾客都是游客”符合语境, 空后通过设问“这些人什么时候工作呢? ”, 用回答该问题的方式来解释为什么当地人有时间享受咖啡馆生活。故选 A 。
策略3：根据例证关系确定答案
【典题示例】 (2021·新高考Ⅰ卷·节选)
The place wasn’t entirely authentic, thugh. Unlike a nrmal Parisian apartment, the plumbing (水管) wrked. 37 Our building even had a tiny lift with a female vice that said, “Ouverture des prtes, ” in perfect French. That is the nly French phrase I mastered, and it’s a shame I dn’t have much use fr it.
A. Nt all the custmers are turists.
B. The quality f life in France is equally excellent.
C. There was a nice kitchen and a cmfrtable bed.
D. The amazing fd is mainly cnsumed by lcal farmers.
E. That’s nt the nly reasn the French eat less than we d.
F. Our aim was t see if we culd live, in sme way, like real Parisians.
G. The fd is s delicius that yu dn’t need much f it t make yu happy.
【思路分析】本题考查例证关系。本段句首提出观点: “可是, 这个地方并不完全像地道的巴黎”, 接下来要举例说明, 再结合空前一句讲的是“管道正常工作”, 空后一句讲的是“甚至还有小电梯”, 本句内容应该涉及房子的好处“公寓里有不错的厨房和舒适的床”, 故选 C 。
策略4：根据转折关系确定答案
表示转折关系的连接词有: but但是, hwever/whereas然而, nevertheless仍然, 然而, 不过, nnetheless尽管如此, 依然, 然而, still还; 然而, thugh可是, 不过, 然而, yet然而, in spite f不顾, 不管, at any rate无论如何, 至少, in any case无论如何, 不管怎样, whever无论是谁, whatever无论什么, n the cntrary正相反, in cntrast与此相反, 相比之下, by cntrast相反, 相比之下, in cmparisn比较起来, 比较地, by cmparisn相比之下, cnversely相反(地), therwise否则; 除此以外, nt. . . but不是……而是, as well也等。
【典题示例】 (2021·浙江高考·节选)
“I ften send pstcards t family and friends. ” he says t China Daily, “but yu can imagine that after a while, yu never receive as many as yu send, and yu realize that nt everyne is int it. 32 ”Seeking ther like-minded suls, hwever, Paul started lking in a smewhat unlikely place: nline. Many wuld say the Internet is a place fr peple wh have given up n the traditinal pstal service, but Paul’s hunch (直觉)paid ff.
A. And that’s ttally fine.
B. That makes it extra hard t learn and practice it.
C. He likes t think f sending pstcards as a family-friendly hbby.
D. Many lve t make a cnnectin with smene frm acrss the wrld.
E. On August 5, the number f pstcards exchanged by members tpped 31 millin.
F. Similarly, if yu speak nly Chinese, receiving a card in Swedish takes part f the fun away.
G. In shrt, he lves pstcards, and the excitement f getting a hand-written nte frm smene far away.
【思路分析】本题考查转折关系。设空处前一句的句意为“过了一段时间你会发现自己收到的明信片没有发出去的多”。设空处后一句的句意为“然而, Paul没有放弃自己的爱好, 而是采取了网络的方式”根据逻辑判断, 设空处应与其前一句构成转折关系, 意为“那完全不成问题”。故选 A 。
策略5：根据因果关系确定答案
表示因果关系的连词有as a result/cnsequently结果, thus/therefre因此, s (such). . . that. . . 如此……以至于……等。
【典题示例】 (2021·新高考Ⅰ卷·节选)
My husband and I just spent a week in Paris. 36 S the first thing we did was rent a fantastically expensive sixth-flr apartment the size f a cupbard. It was s tiny that we had t leave ur suitcases in the hallway.
A. Nt all the custmers are turists.
B. The quality f life in France is equally excellent.
C. There was a nice kitchen and a cmfrtable bed.
D. The amazing fd is mainly cnsumed by lcal farmers.
E. That’s nt the nly reasn the French eat less than we d.
F. Our aim was t see if we culd live, in sme way, like real Parisians.
G. The fd is s delicius that yu dn’t need much f it t make yu happy.
【思路分析】本题考查因果关系。根据空后的句子中的S可知, 该句与设空处是因果关系。F项“我们的目的是想看看我们能否像真正的巴黎人一样生活”是作者和她丈夫在巴黎租住公寓的原因。故选 F 。
策略6：根据递进关系确定答案
表示递进关系的连词有: als也, 而且, further另外(地), furthermre而且, 此外, likewise同样地, 照样地; 也, 又, similarly相似地, 类似地, mrever而且, 再者, 此外, in additin另外, 加之, what’s mre更重要的是, t也, 还, either也, neither两者都不, nt nly. . . but als不但……而且等。
【典题示例】 (2021·浙江高考·节选)
Language is certainly a barrier fr many peple. Fr pstcrssing t wrk wrldwide, a cmmn cmmunicatin language is needed s that everyne can understand each ther. As cl as it may be t receive a pstcard written in Chinese, the cncept desn’t wrk if ne desn’t understand it. 34 S a cmmn language is required and in pstcrssing that’s English since it’s widely spken.
A. And that’s ttally fine.
B. That makes it extra hard t learn and practice it.
C. He likes t think f sending pstcards as a family-friendly hbby.
D. Many lve t make a cnnectin with smene frm acrss the wrld.
E. On August 5, the number f pstcards exchanged by members tpped 31 millin.
F. Similarly, if yu speak nly Chinese, receiving a card in Swedish takes part f the fun away.
G. In shrt, he lves pstcards, and the excitement f getting a hand-written nte frm smene far away.
【思路分析】本题考查递进关系。As cl as it may be t receive a pstcard written in Chinese, the cncept desn’t wrk if ne desn’t understand it. “虽然收到一张汉语卡片很酷, 但如果你不懂汉语, 你就看不懂意思”, 而F项Similarly, if yu speak nly Chinese, receiving a card in Swedish takes part f the fun away. “同样, 如果你只会说中文, 收到一张瑞典语的卡片也会让你失去一部分乐趣”与前句构成递进关系。故选 F 。
策略7：根据并列关系确定答案
【典题示例】 (2021·全国乙卷·节选)
38 What abut that persn wh has had t much t drink r wn’t stp talking? If yu can’t take their wine away, yu shuld certainly try t take away their sapbx (讲台). If yu’re the hst, yu can ask them t help yu in the kitchen with smething and just remve them frm the situatin. 39 .
A. Hw d yu knw the hst
B. The first step is t g explring
C. If yu ask the questin “Hw did yu get here? ”
D. Be prepared t have awkward cnversatins with strangers
E. Or turn the cnversatin int a tpic where they have little t say
F. What abut that persn wh has had t much t drink r wn’t stp talking
G. He r she is the persn wh is feeling the weight f that awkwardness the mst
【思路分析】本题考查并列关系。空处与空格前的“If yu’re the hst, yu can ask them t help yu in the kitchen with smething and just remve them frm the situatin. ”构成并列句中的选择关系, 并与首句中“wn’t stp talking”呼应, 故E项(或者把谈话变成一个他们无话可说的话题)符合语境。故选 E 。
规律3：段尾设空——“总结概括”+“过渡衔接”
策略1：利用主题句或总结句确定答案
【典题示例】 (2021·浙江高考·节选)
Yu’ve gt mail. . . and it’s a pstcard
Paul Magalhaes, a 34-year-ld Prtuguese cmputer engineer, lves t pen his mailbx and find a brightly clred picture f Rme’s Clsseum. Or Africa’s Victria Falls. Or China’s Great Wall. 31
A. And that’s ttally fine.
B. That makes it extra hard t learn and practice it.
C. He likes t think f sending pstcards as a family-friendly hbby.
D. Many lve t make a cnnectin with smene frm acrss the wrld.
E. On August 5, the number f pstcards exchanged by members tpped 31 millin.
F. Similarly, if yu speak nly Chinese, receiving a card in Swedish takes part f the fun away.
G. In shrt, he lves pstcards, and the excitement f getting a hand-written nte frm smene far away.
【思路分析】本题考查段落总结句。前面提到Paul Magalhaes 喜欢世界各地明信片的内容“罗马圆形大剧场的彩色图片, 或者是非洲维多利亚瀑布, 或者是中国的长城”, 设空处对上文进行总结“总之, 他喜欢明信片……”。故选 G 。
策略2：利用段落过渡句确定答案
【典题示例】
If anyne had tld me three years ag that I wuld be spending mst f my weekends camping, I wuld have laughed heartily. Campers, in my eyes, were peple wh enjyed insect bites, ill-cked meals, and uncmfrtable sleeping bags. They had nthing in cmmn with me. 36
The friends wh intrduced me t camping thught that it meant t be a pineer. The trip they tk me n was a rugh ne. We slept in a tent, cked ver an pen fire, and walked a lng distance t take the shwer and use the bathrm. This brief visit with Mther Nature cst me tw days ff frm wrk, recvering frm a bad case f sunburn and the dctr’s bill fr my sn’s fd pisning.
D. I was t learn a lt abut camping since then, hwever.
E. I must say that I have certainly cme t enjy camping.
【思路分析】本题考查段落过渡句。文章首段是说“如果三年前有人告诉我以后大部分的周末时间都会露营, 我会放声大笑。”而设空处后面讲的是“介绍我去露营的朋友们认为这注定是一次具有开创性的露营。”两段内容上有转折关系, 所以要填一个承上启下的过渡句“然而, 自从那时以来我学到了很多有关露营的知识。”故选 D 。
策略3：利用补充信息句确定答案
【典题示例】
●Dn’t share persnal infrmatin r stries. Prfessrs are nt trained nurses, financial aid experts r yur best friends. If yu are in need f a deadline extensin, simply explain the situatin t the prfessr. 39 .
B. Turn t an nline instructr fr help.
C. If mre infrmatin is needed, they will ask.
【思路分析】本题考查补充信息句。本段主要讲的是: 不要把个人信息和经历告诉教授, 如果你需要延长最后期限, 只需要向教授解释处境即可。最后应该补充说明: 如果需要了解更多信息, 他们会询问的。故选 C 。
规律4：词汇复现法——破解语篇衔接难题
策略1：原词复现法
【典题示例】 (2021·全国乙卷·节选)
And what abut that ther dinner-party killer: awkward silence? If yu’re faced with an awkward silence at a dinner party, the nly thing that always gets everyne talking again is t give the hst a cmpliment (赞扬). 40 . Just quickly turn arund and say, “This cake is extremely delicius and yu have t tell me all abut it. ”
A. Hw d yu knw the hst
B. The first step is t g explring
C. If yu ask the questin “Hw did yu get here? ”
D. Be prepared t have awkward cnversatins with strangers
E. Or turn the cnversatin int a tpic where they have little t say
F. What abut that persn wh has had t much t drink r wn’t stp talking
G. He r she is the persn wh is feeling the weight f that awkwardness the mst
【思路分析】本题考查原词复现。根据段落主题句可知, 本段主要讲面对“ther dinner-party killer: awkward silence(宴会杀手: 尴尬的沉默)”我们该怎么办。由“the nly thing that always gets everyne talking again is t give the hst a cmpliment”和G选项“He r she is the persn wh is feeling the weight f that awkwardness the mst(他或她是最能感受到这种尴尬的人)”中的“He r she(指代hst)”及“awkwardness(原词复现)”可知G项符合语境。故选 G 。
策略2：代词复现法
it可指代单数名词、不可数名词或整个句子; they或them指代复数名词; ne指代单数可数名词; that指代不可数名词或句子; this指代单数名词或句子; these或thse指代前句的复数名词。还有反身代词、指示代词、关系代词等。
【典题示例】 (2021·全国乙卷·节选)
Peple lve t talk abut themselves. If yu can start the cnversatin with a questin ther than “What d yu d fr a living? ”, yu’ll be able t get a lt mre interesting cnversatin ut f whmever it is yu’re talking t. 37 , it can bring in “I have this ld, brken-dwn vehicle” r “I rde the bus with these crazy peple wh were laughing at silly jkes in the back. ” It just pens up cnversatin.
A. Hw d yu knw the hst
B. The first step is t g explring
C. If yu ask the questin “Hw did yu get here? ”
D. Be prepared t have awkward cnversatins with strangers
E. Or turn the cnversatin int a tpic where they have little t say
F. What abut that persn wh has had t much t drink r wn’t stp talking
G. He r she is the persn wh is feeling the weight f that awkwardness the mst
【思路分析】本题考查代词复现。从此空后的标点符号可推知此空应该填入一个从句。再根据后面句子it can bring in “I have this ld, brken-dwn vehicle” r “I rde the bus with these crazy peple wh were laughing at silly jkes in the back. ” (它可以带来“我有一辆旧的, 坏了的车”或者“我和这些疯狂的人一起坐在公共汽车上, 他们在后面笑着愚蠢的笑话”的回答)中的it代指前面提出的问题, 可知C. If yu ask the questin “Hw did yu get here? ”(如果你问“你怎么来的? ”)符合语境。故选 C 。
策略3：派生复现法
【典题示例】
40 While the sun’s rays can age and harm ur skin, they als give us beneficial Vitamin D. T make sure yu get enugh Vitamin D — but still prtect yur skin — put n sunscreen right as yu head utside. It takes sunscreen abut fifteen minutes t start wrking, and that’s plenty f time fr yur skin t absrb a day’s wrth f Vitamin D.
A. Fresh air cleans ur lungs.
B. S what are yu waiting fr?
C. Being in nature refreshes us.
D. Anther side benefit f getting fresh air is sunlight.
E. But is fresh air really as gd fr yu as yur mther always said?
F. Just as imprtantly, we tend t assciate fresh air with health care.
G. All acrss the cuntry, recvery centers have begun building Healing Gardens.
【思路分析】本题考查派生复现。下文中的“beneficial”与 D 项中的“benefit”属于同根词, 属于派生词重复信息。
策略4：同义复现法
【典题示例】 (2021·新高考Ⅰ卷·节选)
Parisians are different frm yu and me. They never lk lazy r untidy. As smene nted in this paper a cuple f weeks ag, they eat great fd and never gain weight. 38 French strawberries d nt taste like cardbard. Instead, they explde in yur muth like little flavr bmbs.
A. Nt all the custmers are turists.
B. The quality f life in France is equally excellent.
C. There was a nice kitchen and a cmfrtable bed.
D. The amazing fd is mainly cnsumed by lcal farmers.
E. That’s nt the nly reasn the French eat less than we d.
F. Our aim was t see if we culd live, in sme way, like real Parisians.
G. The fd is s delicius that yu dn’t need much f it t make yu happy.
【思路分析】本题考查同义复现。G项中的delicius与设空前的great形成同义词复现关系, 而且空后又具体例证了巴黎人吃的食物很美味。故选 G 。
策略5：反义复现法
【典题示例】 (2021·全国甲卷·节选)
·Invite 5—10 peple s yu have a nice selectin. 17 , and there may nt be enugh things t chse frm; mre than that, and it becmes uncntrllable.
A. Less peple than that
B. Hld a clthing swap
C. If tw peple are cmpeting
D. Just keep music playing thrughut
E. Dnate whatever clthes are left ver
F. Have everyne put their clthes in the right spts
G. Tell everyne t bring clean clthes in gd cnditin
【思路分析】 本题考查反义复现。本题要求选择一个半句, 与下文的“mre than that. . . ”形成对比, 要有less than that, less与mre构成反义词, 句意: 人比这少, 可能没有足够的东西可供选择; 人比这多, 它变得无法控制。其中, 选项A中的that指代前文的5—10 peple, 故选 A 。
名校资源学练
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Let us lk at what makes an effective persuasive speech.
Chse a gd tpic.
First, yu shuld chse a tpic yu knw smething abut r have researched well t prepare fr yur speech. Make sure it is a subject abut which peple have different pinins. 1
It is als best t chse a subject yur listeners care abut r can act n. 2 Yu can expect that they care abut hw the twn appears, r that they can change their actins. S, giving a speech abut why littering harms yur twn’s appearance might persuade peple wh d it t stp.
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Yu shuld cnsider yur listeners as yu plan yur speech. What d they value? Thinking f the things yur listeners value will help yu frm arguments in yur speech. If yu want them t stp eating unhealthy fds, fr example, yu may appeal t the value f their appearance. Yu will talk abut hw healthy fds result in gd-lking skin and an attractive bdy.
Prepare yur argument.
4 We use Greek wrds t describe them because the ancient Greeks develped and appealed t these ideas. They are:
Eths—appeal t the listeners’ ethics r mrals.
Paths—appeal t the listeners’ emtins.
Lgs—appeal t the listeners’ lgic r intelligence.
Organize yur speech.
Yu shuld make an utline f yur speech. Start with an attentin-getting statement. Then explain yur main idea and give evidence t supprt yur argument. List the pints yu want t make and think f hw t answer arguments against yur psitin.
Finish with a call t actin—what d yu want yur listeners t d? 5 D nt plan t read the speech wrd-fr-wrd frm a paper.
A. Knw yur audience.
B. Make the theme clear.
C. What will yu d if yu fail?
D. D yu see peple in yur twn littering?
E. It wuld nt be lgical t speak abut a fact recgnized by everybdy.
F. There are three cmmn ways t persuade peple f yur way f thinking.
G. Finally, practice at hme until yu need nly a nte card with yur main pints n it when yu give the speech.
2
Have yu imagined making an attractive garden which will be the reasn fr yur neighbrs’ envy?
6 But nt every ne f them has the talent fr making it happen. Hwever, if there’s ne thing they DO knw, it’s hw t make a simple cup f tea. As fr the used teabags, mst f them find they’re n the landfill site, but n lnger! Yur used teabag can wrk wnders in yur garden by yur simply burying it. 7 Cntinue t read what it des.
If yu have ever tried t grw sme seedlings (幼苗), then yu knw that this can be quite challenging. Nt all seeds can grw int seedlings, even thugh yu have tried s hard. But dn’t wrry. Here is gd news. 8 And what yu need just invlves a used teabag.
By burying a teabag in yur garden, yu will prvide nutritin t the sil, ffering necessary fd t the plants. In this way, yur plants will be healthier and grw quicker. This is because tea wrks as a natural fertilizer (肥料) fr the sil. The teabag itself is usually made frm fibres frm the abaca plant, which is a type f banana plant. The bag breaks dwn with its cntents. 9
If yu bury a teabag clse t the rts f yur plants, it will help stre water in the sil. If there’s ne thing imprtant fr plants, it’s water! What’s mre, weeds are nt wanted in yur garden. 10 By burying a used teabag in the earth, yu’ll make it a lt harder fr the weeds t grw alngside yur healthy plants.
A. A teabag is a great answer.
B. It des wrk thugh it sunds strange.
C. Making a beautiful garden requires effrts.
D. A beautiful garden is smething mst peple enjy.
E. There is ne way t help yur seedlings grw better.
F. A simple teabag is likely t d wnders fr yur seeds.
G. That will create a healthy envirnment fr plants t grw in.
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（2023·四川巴中·统考一模）Friendship is a practice f uncnditinal lve, an pprtunity t grw tgether twards fulfillment (成就), and a jurney t unfld the mst precius capacities f a human being. 11 Here 4 key pints t develp and sustain a true friendship.
12 Many times we blame the ther persn fr what we feel, withut realizing that we are presenting the bad pwer t him/her. This is nt, hwever, smething we must be afraid f r we shuld avid. When we create a bnd f affectin with anther human being, we are autmatically vulnerable t the actins that are prduced by this persn. Being aware f that, we wuld be better ff if we take respnsibility and accept the emtins that cme up in ur inner wrld instead f blaming the ther fr what we are feeling.
Prvide supprt and encuragement. Friendships aren’t all fun and games — they d require yu put in sme wrk. Say they’ve just quarreled with their parents r failed an exam. It’s yur jb t be there fr them and prvide them with whatever they need, starting with supprt and cmfrt. 13
Whatever the case, make it apparent that yu’re rting fr them.
Seek the gd f the ther persn. When we lve anther persn, we seek the gd f the ther because we gladden their wn happiness. Therefre, ur seeking fr the ther persn’s gd is ttally disinterested. We serve the ther withut expecting anything in return. 14
Accept the differences. 15 . Friendship welcmes differences and integrates them int a level f unin that accepts and ges beynd them. Friendship invlves recgnizing that the value f the relatinship is beynd ur persnal traits and belief system.
A. Be hnest with each ther.
B. Acts f lve are made fr its wn sake.
C. Take respnsibility f yur wn emtins.
D. Additinally, it’s yur duty t give them encuragement as needed.
E. Human beings are relatinal beings, as everything we find in the nature.
F. Therefre, develping friendship with ther peple is essential in ur lives.
G. Friendship desn’t mean having the same interests, pinins and mindset as the ther persn.
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（2023·四川攀枝花·统考二模）Scial media has basically taken ver almst everyday life fr many peple. They like t pst vides nline t share their life. But smetimes, if yu pst a vide nline and yur vide becmes ppular, yu may get cmments frm peple wh will always find smething t cmplain abut. They may spread gssip (流言蜚语) abut yu that isn’t true. Negative cmments, if they are mishandled, can affect yur reputatin and md. 16
First, respnd psitively and plitely. Sme peple like yur vide while thers dn’t. N matter hw negative the cmment is, it’s best fr yu t give a psitive and plite respnse. 17 . Dn’t be angry, and stay calm, which helps yu gain the upper hand.
Next, mving the cnversatin ut f the public eye and int a private area is usually the best chice. 18 Instead, leave a cmment fr them, asking them t cntact yu t discuss the prblem privately. This shws everyne that yu are willing t slve the issue.
Finally, dn’t reply if they try t start an argument. Often, keybard warrirs (键盘侠) are feeling bad abut smething in their wn lives. 19 Avid being negatively influenced by their cmments. Yu ttally have the right t delete anything that shuld nt be n yur scial media page.
20 Just laugh them ff and let them g. Yu can’t cntrl what ther peple d. All yu can d is keep psting and sharing psitive things. When thers can see that yu are still living a gd life, they will be encuraged by yu.
A. S when shuld yu ignre negative cmments?
B. Then hw shuld we deal with negative cmments?
C. S keep it in mind that their cmments have nthing t d with yu.
D. Hw d yu recver frm thse negative cmments n scial media?
E. Hwever, dn’t send a direct message t the negative cmment makers.
F. Each cmment needs t be cnsidered n the basis f facts and theries.
G. This shws that yu care abut everyne else n yur scial media page.
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（2023·河北沧州·校考三模）Helping Yur Kids t Be Interested in Sprts
Being active and mving is smething that is s imprtant fr us all, especially fr children. 21 Hwever, sme parents can feel shcked when they see that their child isn’t interested in sprts. S hw can yu encurage them t have ag?
It is such a gd idea t lead by example when yu are a parent. This is true fr a variety f aspects, but especially frgetting children invlved in sprt. 22 S yu need t be smene wh is interested and active, if yu want any hpe f them ding s t. If yu lay n the cuch all day then they will just learn t d that t.
23 Althugh they can chse wh they want t supprt, seeing yur enthusiasm fr a particular player r team can be just what is needed t start their jurney. Yu culd lk fr a team unifrm stre t get them a sprts shirt with their name n fr example, as well as see the team play at ne f their games. 24
If smething is dull, it will be hard fr children t be enthusiastic abut it. This will make them resent(讨厌) it, which is nt a gd thing fr later in life. If they shw particular skill and learn t play sprt, then mre practice and training can cme in. 25 When they can enjy what they d, they will nly see it as smething fun t d, rather than what we as adults might see it as, such as a chre t burn calries.
Whatever sprt yur child chses t play, encurage them and make it fun, and then it will be smething that they will want t carry n ding as they g abut the rest f their lives.
A. They wn’t be interested in sprts if yu’re nt.
B. here are sme ther tips that yu wuld share with them.
C. Share yur enthusiasm and it will help t lighten a passin.
D. S think abut ways that can get them t be active in the sprts.
E. Hw active a child is will impact their verall health and learning.
F. Apart frm leading by example, yu culd als share yur favrite team.
G. Hwever, the main message frgetting children int sprt is t keep it fun.
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（2023·河北石家庄·正定一中校考模拟预测）Insecurities are negative thughts that can cause yu t dubt yurself. Accrding t the American Psychlgical Assciatin, being insecure can make it difficult fr yu t trust thers, have healthy relatinships, be cnfident f yur abilities and reach fr yur gals. 26 .
Challenge negative self-talk. 27 . Then it’s imprtant t start challenging it. Fr instance, if the vice is saying “Dn’t try t dance because yu’re a hrrible dancer and everyne will laugh at yu”, tell yurself “I’m ging t dance because I lve dancing and the nly thing I care abut is having fun”.
28 . Peple wh struggle with cnfidence tend t have a bias (偏见) abut everything they believe they cannt d. Instead, fcus yur attentin tward the things yu d well and the areas in which yu wuld like t cntinue t imprve.
Channel cnfidence. Try t channel times in yur life when yu were feeling cnfident and embdy that feeling. 29 —it culd be when yu made a great presentatin, gave an imprtant speech, r managed a difficult cnversatin. Get back int that head space and see hw yur thught patterns and bdy language als radiate cnfidence.
Get cmfrtable with being uncmfrtable. Stp aviding things that make yu uncmfrtable. 30 . Cmmit t ding smething every day that pushes yu t grw and becme a strnger persn.
A. Fcus n yur strengths
B. Fllw yur inner vices cnfidently
C. Instead, take actin t prevent thse cnsequences
D. Frtunately, yu can help yurself feel less insecure
E. Fr example, think abut the time when yu were prud f yurself
F. Instead, start dealing with the things that scare yu and facing the unknwn
G. Smetimes, yu may get aware f the inner vice that’s putting dubts in yur mind
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（2023·四川绵阳·四川省绵阳南山中学校考模拟预测）Gardening may be ne f the mst relaxing hbbies yu’ll find, with the excitement f seeing smething yu have planted actually turn int a flwer. But if yu’ve been hlding back because yu dn’t have a yard, then yu’re missing ut a lt. 31
Cntainer gardening is the mst bvius way t plant when yu dn’t have a tn f space. If yu can get a cntainer regardless f its size, yu can have a garden. 32 Even a small pt with a brightly clred flwer r bushy green plants can give yur entryway a pp f clr.
33 Grw climbing plants n a fence r the psts ver yur drway t decrate the side f yur hme. Plenty f plants are happy t grw up instead f ut, s yu can have sme greenery withut a traditinal garden.
Have an apartment r twnhuse? Then cnsider utdr windw bxes that yu access frm inside. 34 And they give yu plenty f ptins t plant bright blms r fresh herbs within reach-plus they give yur hme sme added appeal at the same time.
There’s prbably still ne rm where yu haven’t thught f putting sme plants: Yur bathrm. Even if yurs desn’t get much light, a wall-munted garden can still grw well. 35 They will give yur bathrm a mre natural, earthy feel.
A. These require, n grund space at all.
B. When plants get enugh sunlight, they grw better.
C. If yu’re really shrt f space, think height instead.
D. They can add sme green t the inside f yur hme.
E. Bigger pts give yu space t grw several different flwers.
F. In fact, there are plenty f easy ways t get the jy f gardening.
G. Plants that d well in shady and wet envirnments are the best chice.
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（2023·江西·濂溪一中校联考模拟预测）Hw t prepare fr a thrilling hike? Hiking needs mental and physical preparatin weeks befre the material day. If yu’re a fan f hiking muntains. Here is a guide t help yu.
Train hard and train in time
Yu need t train yur bdy at least three mnths befre the challenge. 36 Yu can start with baby steps and gradually take mre demanding exercises and distance. Yu can ften carry yur hiking stick t prmte stability. Keep track f yur prgress t help yu achieve yur gal.
Chse yur clthes carefully
37 . Wear light absrbent pants t reduce frictin and prmte absrptin f sweat. Lng pants keep yu safe frm stinging weeds, insects and tugh weather.
38
Yu must cnsider varius factrs befre purchasing the mst apprpriate hiking shes. First, mind the terrain (地形) f the hiking grund. A mild terrain will d fine with light shes. On the ther hand. A tugh, hard and muntainus terrain require hardy hts t help navigate the rcky grunds.
Adequately pack yur bag
Yur bag is yur lifeline when hiking. Water is the mst essential itch when hiking. The bdy perfrms best when yu hydrate frequently thrughut the challenge. Carry adequate clean water and sip ften. 39 These are primary tls t help yu find yur way, water pints, emergency twers, and ther places. Hpe fr the lest but always prepare fr ever-agencies. Thus, ensure yu have a flash light, a lighter and a whistle.
Hiking is a refreshing way f keeping fit, having fun and building resilience. 40
A. Chse apprpriate ftwear
B. Search fr the rute yu will he hiking
C. Carry a cmpass, a map and a gas with yu
D. Adequate water can help yu be in gd cn lit in
E. create a regular schedule and be disciplined t fllw it
F. Wear apprpriate clthes that allw yur free mvement
G. Adequate planning will help have a fantastic experience f it
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（2023·福建福州·福建省福州第一中学校考三模）Fr decades, I was a hard drinker wh culd drink anyne under the table. This lasted frm the age f 27 until after 50, a glden time during which I felt very srry fr ex-drinkers and peple wh culdn’t r wuldn’t drink. Hw did they make it thrugh scial situatins, especially parties? What did they d at the end f a wrkday t celebrate and relax? 41
When I first tried t quit drinking myself in my early 50s, I wasn’t sure at first hw it wuld wrk fr me. But I did it anyway. 42 I was getting lder. I had t cncede that I wasn’t as tugh as I used t be. Nights f drinking t much shwed in my face, and I culd feel it in my bnes. I wanted t take care f myself. S fr the next few years, I bunced between nt drinking at all fr mnths at a time, then slwly starting again until I had t quit again.
During these years, I didn’t lve nt drinking. But I had t admit that when I was ff bze, I lked and felt better physically: I slept mre deeply, had mre energy, exercised mre. My mind was clearer. My mds were brighter. Parties were hard, and s was cking at the end f a day f writing withut a glass f wine at my elbw. 43
I finally quit drinking fr real almst fur years ag, n 12 July 2019, when a writer friend stayed with my husband and me after his wife kicked him ut. After my husband had gne upstairs t bed, my friend sat n ur sfa drinking an entire bttle f gin, cmplaining abut his fate, until he passed ut next t ur dg, whse bed that sfa was. 44 I didn’t have a drink the next night, r ever again since.
I’m nt ging t lie: being sber is nt a ht-air balln ride. 45 Having t feel my damn feelings withut filters cmpels me t face and change the things in my life that keep me stuck. Hard wrk all arund, but as my reward, I cnnect mre deeply with the peple I care abut. I think f nt drinking as a kindness I’ve given myself. And t my surprise, it’s rewarded me with true, hard-wn happiness.
A. My bdy demanded it.
B. My health started imprving rapidly.
C. It’s mre like a hike in the muntains.
D. Hw did they quit drinking?
E. It was a wake-up call.
F. But the pluses seemed t utweigh the minuses.
G. Hw did they get thrugh life?
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（2023·浙江丽水·校联考三模）Garden lights are extremely imprtant. 46 We have prepared the ultimate guide that aims t prvide yu with all the infrmatin that yu culd pssibly need. S, what are yu waiting fr? Let’s get started.
The first thing that yu need t d is t use LED lights that are knwn fr their lw heat emissin. It wuld als help reduce the attractin t flies r insects. 47 Hence, yu need t g fr a lwer heat emissins ptin. The lights are gd fr the envirnment and help yu save energy csts.
Next, yu have t install light shields (保护罩) fr creating a physical barrier between the utdr elements and lights. By getting light shields, yu get t increase the prtectin f yur expensive utdr lights. 48 Dn’t frget t take the accurate measurement f the lights when shpping fr light shields.
When it cmes t using garden lights, lcatin is everything. 49 Yu need t place the garden lights in a lcatin where the utdr lighting cmpnents wuld be prtected frm the elements. They shuld prvide sufficient lighting and last a lng time at the same time.
Finally, yu als have t maintain the garden lights system fr ensuring that it cntinues t be prperly cntrlled. Regardless f which type f garden lights yu get, yu have t ensure that they are well maintained and serviced frm time t time. 50 Yu have n excuse nt t get them serviced.
A. It is nt smething that shuld be taken lightly.
B. Unexpected elements will cause damage t the lights.
C. It can be frustrating t see them taking ver the lighting.
D. Place them in the crrect psitin t wrk and last a lng time.
E. They can make yur garden area safer and mre beautiful in n time.
F. Yu shuld seek help frm a lighting prfessinal fr the best utcme.
G. They als help ensure the lights d nt shine t bright in just ne spt.
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（2023·河南开封·统考模拟预测）A fd allergy (过敏) is a medical cnditin that ccurs when the bdy’s prtectin system perceives certain fds as a threat and respnds t them with an allergic reactin.
51 . That’s because they accunt fr arund 90 per cent f fd allergies in the cuntry. And they are the nes mst likely t cause a severe reactin. This grup cnsists f eggs, milk, peanuts, fish, tree nuts and wheat.
Fd allergies are ften cnfused with fd intlerance. But intlerance is a less serius cnditin that des nt invlve a respnse frm the immune system. 52 . If yu experience an extreme reactin, seek medical help immediately.
Symptms (症状) f a fd allergy. Symptms can range frm mild t severe. And they may differ each time a specific allergen appears. Symptms can include: a skin rash r hives, swelling f the face r lips, r feeling lightheaded r dizzy. 53 . That can send the bdy int shck r make it difficult t breathe.
Treating a fd allergy. Fr minr reactins, yu can take sme medicine. Fr severe reactins, hwever, turn t dctrs fr help.
54 . The nly sure way t prevent an allergic reactin t fd is t carefully avid the allergens. This can be a difficult prcess. That requires patients t carefully study fd labels t ensure the fd is safe fr them. 55 . S it’s necessary t infrm family r friends f the fd that can cause a fd allergy.
A. Aviding harm frm allergy
B. Preventing an allergic reactin
C. Nt everyne knws what a fd allergy is
D. Many peple d nt understand the severity f the issue
E. The best way t handle a fd allergy is t avid such fds
F. Fr sme peple, certain allergens can bring a severe reactin
G. Certain fds are cnsidered pririty allergens by Health Canada
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（2023·江苏镇江·江苏省镇江中学校考三模）Nwadays, many f us are finding urselves tired ut, struggling t build balance back int ur lives. 56 Spending time near ceans, lakes, rivers and ther bule spaces can prvide a range f benefits including reducing anxiety, easing mental tiredness and refreshing us. Here is sme advice n hw t take advantage f the healing pwer f water.
57 Yu likely have sme water clse by, even if it is just a pnd alngside the rad. Start there. Then get ut t water yu can visit n the weekend r a vacatin. Urban water cunts—rivers, canals and funtains. 58 If yu can’t get t actual water, then paintings, phtgraphs, vides and mvies can prduce sme f the same benefits. Even virtual reality helps.
G ften. A little bit makes a big difference. 59 But an envirnmental psychlgist fund that spending a similar amunt f time near water has the same benefits. Even peple wh lk int aquariums(水族箱) have lwer heart rates and better mds after just 15 minutes.
Listen. One f the mst calming characteristics f water is its sund, typically steady and sft. The water sunds peple find having the strngest healing pwer are rain in a rainfrest, waves patting a beach, and a running stream. When the sunds f living things are added t the sunds f water, peple like them even better. Make an audi recrding f yur favrite water. 60
A. Remember that all water cunts.
B. It will bring back happy memries.
C. Stay in a place surrunded by water.
D. Accrding t researchers, water can help us.
E. S des dmestic water-in pls, bathtubs, even by fish tanks.
F. Spending sme time every day near water can speed up ur recvery.
G. It takes at least tw hurs a week in nature t imprve ur well-being.
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（2023·江苏·江苏省天一中学校考模拟预测）Scientists help t explain hw the wrld arund us wrks, and carry ut experiments t create new things. T becme a scientist, yu need a cllege degree and varius prfessinal skills. 61
Understand scientist descriptin and respnsibilities. Scientists are respnsible fr examining and explring different aspects f the physical wrld. All their explratin prcesses are dne by fllwing a set f rules knwn as the scientific methd. 62 Of curse, they als have different specific wrk respnsibilities. If yu want t be a scientist in a certain field, yu need t cntinue t have a deep understanding f prfessinal wrk respnsibilities.
63 The influence f every prfessin is duble-sided. As a scientist, it may bring yu sme achievements and benefits, but it als has sme prfessinal disadvantages. S befre yu want t be a scientist, yu shuld have a detailed understanding f the advantages and disadvantages f scientists.
G thrugh cllege. 64 Overall studying is imprtant t becme a prfessinal scientist. Yu can learn all kinds f related knwledge systematically at cllege and lay a slid fundatin fr yur future career.
Get internship (实习) pprtunities. Try t find part-time jbs during the university perid. In this way, yu can btain real wrk experience while studying, which is very valuable fr yu and will definitely be helpful fr yur real career in the future. 65 When yu find a relevant scientist jb, apply fr it.
A scientist’s career path is ften the result f a series f chance meetings, unexpected events and changes in persnal circumstances. Yu shuld nt be afraid t fllw yur wn unique rute.
A. Try t avid the influence f thers.
B. Next, yu will have detailed infrmatin.
C. S make use f yur rich experience if any.
D. Think abut whether it is wrthwhile t be a scientist.
E. Yu can find such chances thrugh special part-time websites.
F. Scientists in different fields may specialize in different subjects.
G. Systematic learning in university is the basis f becming a scientist.
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（2023·河南郑州·洛宁县第一高级中学校联考模拟预测）
Qualities That Can Easily Land Yu a Jb
Dependability
Emplyees that can be relied n arrive at the ffice n time and put up cnsistent effrt in all tasks. 66 . A dependable emplyee is given these tasks when an emplyer has a prject r jb that must be finished in a certain perid f time and t a certain standard. Dependable wrkers cnstantly shw their ability, which can result in pay increases and jb advancements.
Prblem-slving
Any rganizatin can benefit frm having emplyees wh can make their wn decisins and act quickly. 67 . Therefre, they need candidates wh are nt hesitant t take decisive actin. Anyne seeking t advance int a management r leadership rle must pssess the ability t take actin and accept respnsibility fr the results.
Adaptability
68 . Being adaptable fcuses mre n lng-term changes that culd have a large impact n a wrkplace. Yu are able t rapidly adapt t any changes, even when psitins are ruled ut r a firm significantly changes its visin. Adaptable emplyees wrk mre effectively with custmers, clients and their team members.
69
Management can trust independent wrkers t accmplish their respnsibilities well and can be left alne t d s. Althugh many emplyers want wrkers wh can wrk tgether well and cmmunicate effectively, being independent enables an individual t d tasks n his/her wn withut relying n thers. The value f independent wrk depends n hw well the persn manages their time, jins in critical thught and slves prblems.
Team Player
The ability t wrk tgether effectively with thers is a basic cmpnent f almst any emplyment. 70 . Even if sme jbs need yu t wrk alne, a team-riented attitude shws that yu are wrking tward a greater gal and value the grup effrts f yur c-wrkers. Emplyees wh wrk well in a team make gd candidates fr management and leadership rles.
A. Respnsibility
B. Independent Thinker
C. Emplyers cannt take part in every small decisin
D. Yur ability fr adaptatin is hw well yu handle changes
E. Emplyers place a high value n the ability t perate well in a team
F. Emplyers have faith in their ability t cmplete the duties arranged fr them
G. A manager will spend less time finding anther persn when a wrker can be adaptable
15
（2023·山东潍坊·潍坊一中校考模拟预测）One Secnd Every Day
I’ve been in advertising fr eight years and used t wrk a lt f late nights and weekends fr numerus prjects. 71 One day I watched a talk called “The pwer f time ff”. It’s abut hw every seven years, the speaker takes a year ff frm wrk s he can d his wn creative prjects. 72 I decided I had t d that. I need t take time t start my wn creative ideas.
The first prject ends up being smething I call “One Secnd Every Day”. Basically I recrd ne secnd f every day fr the rest f my life, cmbining these mments int ne single cntinuus vide until I can’t recrd them anymre. 73 There’re many things I have n recllectin f unless smene brings them up, and I think, “Oh, that’s smething I did.”
74 On a gd day, I’ll have maybe fur secnds I want t chse. I’ll just have t narrw them dwn t ne, but even narrw them dwn t that ne allws me t remember the ther three anyway.
I dn’t use any filters (滤镜), just trying t catch the mment as much as pssible as it is. I started a rule f the first persn view. Early n, I thught I shuld have a cuple f vides where peple wuld see me, but I realized that wasn’t the way t g. 75
The prject has many pssibilities. I encurage yu all t recrd just a small piece f yur life every day, s yu can never frget that day and treasure every mment.
A. It instantly inspired me.
B. The purpse is t remember what I’ve dne.
C. I’m always energetic when ding things I lve.
D. Peple might have different interpretatins f it.
E. It’s difficult, smetimes, t pick that ne secnd.
F. But I never had time fr ne I wanted t wrk n n my wn.
G. The essence f my prject shuld be recrding the thing as I actually see it.
参考答案
1
1. E 2. D 3. A 4. F 5. G
【解析】本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了做说服性演讲的方法和注意事项。
1. 根据前文“First, yu shuld chse a tpic yu knw smething abut r have researched well t prepare fr yur speech. Make sure it is a subject abut which peple have different pinins.(首先，你应该选择一个你了解或研究过的话题来准备你的演讲。确保这是一个人们有不同意见的话题)”可知，空处位于段尾，应是对前文的总结，所以E项“It wuld nt be lgical t speak abut a fact recgnized by everybdy.(谈论一个大家都知道的事实是不合逻辑的)”符合本段的主题，且是对前文的总结。故选E项。
2. 根据前文“It is als best t chse a subject yur listeners care abut r can act n.(最好选择一个你的听众关心或可以采取行动的话题)”以及后文“Yu can expect that they care abut hw the twn appears, r that they can change their actins. S, giving a speech abut why littering harms yur twn’s appearance might persuade peple wh d it t stp.(你可以期待他们关心城镇的外观，或者他们可以改变自己的行为。所以，发表一篇关于为什么乱扔垃圾会损害你的城镇形象的演讲，可能会说服乱扔垃圾的人停止乱扔垃圾)”可知，空处是一个过渡句，由提出主题到具体例子，所以D项“D yu see peple in yur twn littering?(你看到镇上的人乱扔垃圾吗?)”符合文意，其中littering为同词复现。故选D项。
3. 分析设空，空处应是小标题，是对下文的高度概括，根据后文“Yu shuld cnsider yur listeners as yu plan yur speech. What d they value? Thinking f the things yur listeners value will help yu frm arguments in yur speech. If yu want them t stp eating unhealthy fds, fr example, yu may appeal t the value f their appearance. Yu will talk abut hw healthy fds result in gd-lking skin and an attractive bdy.(你在计划演讲时应该考虑听众的意见。他们看重什么?想想听众看重的东西会帮助你在演讲中形成论点。例如，如果你想让他们停止吃不健康的食物，你可能会呼吁他们重视外表。你会谈到健康的食物是如何让你拥有漂亮的皮肤和迷人的身材的)”可知，本段内容，是要了解听众，所以A项“Knw yur audience.(了解你的听众)”符合文意。故选A项。
4. 分析设空，位于段首，是本段的中心句，根据后文“We use Greek wrds t describe them because the ancient Greeks develped and appealed t these ideas.(我们用希腊词来描述它们，因为古希腊人发展并吸引了这些思想)”；“Eths—appeal t the listeners’ ethics r mrals.(Eths-呼吁听众的伦理或道德)”；“Paths—appeal t the listeners’ emtins.(Paths——唤起听众的情感)”以及“Lgs—appeal t the listeners’ lgic r intelligence.(Lgs——吸引听众的逻辑或智力)”可知，本段提到了三种方法去准备论点，所以F项“There are three cmmn ways t persuade peple f yur way f thinking.(有三种常用的方法来说服别人接受你的思维方式)”符合文意。故选F项。
5. 分析设空，位于文章的末尾，应该是最后作什么了，所以G项“Finally, practice at hme until yu need nly a nte card with yur main pints n it when yu give the speech.(最后，在家里练习，直到你在演讲时只需要一张写有要点的卡片)”符合，并且和后文“D nt plan t read the speech wrd-fr-wrd frm a paper.(不要打算逐字逐句地读演讲稿)”构成顺承关系。故选G项。
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6. D 7. B 8. E 9. G 10. A
【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章讲述了茶包的再利用可以用做一种有利于花园种植的好办法。
6. 根据上文“Have yu imagined making an attractive garden which will be the reasn fr yur neighbrs’ envy?(你有没有想过建造一个有吸引力的花园，这会成为你邻居羡慕的原因？)”以及下文“But nt every ne f them has the talent fr making it happen.(但并不是每个人都有实现这一目标的天赋)”可知，此处上下文说的是美丽的花园是很多人喜欢的东西，D项“A beautiful garden is smething mst peple enjy.(美丽的花园是大多数人喜欢的东西)”表达的含义一致，也与下文形成转折，故选D项。
7. 根据上文“As fr the used teabags, mst f them find they’re n the landfill site, but n lnger! Yur used teabag can wrk wnders in yur garden by yur simply burying it.(至于用过的茶包，大多数都在垃圾填埋场，但现在已经不在了！你用过的茶包只要把它埋起来，就能在你的花园里创造奇迹)”可知，上文说的是用过的茶包对花园有效，结合常识而言，有点奇怪，B项“It des wrk thugh it sunds strange.(虽然听起来很奇怪，但它确实有效)”符合题意，故选B项。
8. 根据下文“And what yu need just invlves a used teabag.(你需要的只是一个用过的茶包)”可知，该空应承接下文说的是帮助幼苗更好地生长的方法，E项“There is ne way t help yur seedlings grw better.(有一种方法可以帮助你的幼苗更好地生长)”符合题意，故选E项。
9. 根据上文“This is because tea wrks as a natural fertilizer (肥料) fr the sil. The teabag itself is usually made frm fibres frm the abaca plant, which is a type f banana plant. The bag breaks dwn with its cntents.(这是因为茶是土壤的天然肥料。袋泡茶本身通常是由阿巴卡植物的纤维制成的，阿巴卡植物是一种香蕉植物。袋子里的东西会分解)”可知，茶袋里的东西分解之后，会成为土壤的天然肥料，G项“That will create a healthy envirnment fr plants t grw in.(这将为植物的生长创造一个健康的环境)”符合题意，讲茶包埋进土里分解后对花园植物的好处，故选G项。
10. 根据上文“What’s mre, weeds are nt wanted in yur garden. (更重要的是，你的花园里不需要杂草)”和下文“By burying a used teabag in the earth, yu’ll make it a lt harder fr the weeds t grw alngside yur healthy plants.(把用过的茶包埋在地里，你会让杂草更难与健康的植物一起生长)”可知此处上下文说的是茶包可以作为一种有利于花园除草的好方法，与A项“A teabag is a great answer.(茶包是个不错的办法)”表达的含义一致，故选A项。
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11. F 12. C 13. D 14. B 15. G
【解析】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了培养和维持真正友谊的四个要点。
11. 根据上文“Friendship is a practice f uncnditinal lve, an pprtunity t grw tgether twards fulfillment (成就), and a jurney t unfld the mst precius capacities f a human being.”（友谊是一种无条件的爱的实践，是一个共同成长的机会，也是一个展现人类最宝贵能力的旅程。）说明发展友谊的好处。结合选项F项Therefre, develping friendship with ther peple is essential in ur lives.（因此，与他人发展友谊在我们的生活中是必不可少的。）和上文内容语意递进，形成逻辑上的因果关系，上下文语意连贯。故选F项。
12. 该题为段落主题句，总结该段内容。根据该段内容“Many times we blame the ther persn fr what we feel, withut realizing that we are presenting the bad pwer t him/her. This is nt, hwever, smething we must be afraid f r we shuld avid. When we create a bnd f affectin with anther human being, we are autmatically vulnerable t the actins that are prduced by this persn. Being aware f that, we wuld be better ff if we take respnsibility and accept the emtins that cme up in ur inner wrld instead f blaming the ther fr what we are feeling.”（很多时候，我们因为自己的感受而责备别人，却没有意识到我们把不好的力量呈现给了他/她。然而，这不是我们必须害怕或应该避免的事情。当我们与另一个人建立感情纽带时，我们会自动受到这个人的行为的影响。意识到这一点，如果我们承担责任，接受来自我们内心世界的情绪，而不是因为我们的感受而责怪别人，我们会过得更好。）可知，主要讲的是如果我们承担责任，接受来自我们内心世界的情绪，而不是因为我们的感受而责怪别人，我们会过得更好。结合选项C项Take respnsibility f yur wn emtins.（对自己的情绪负责。）意思一致，为总结该段内容。故选C项。
13. 根据该段主题句“Prvide supprt and encuragement.”（提供支持和鼓励。）以及上文“It’s yur jb t be there fr them and prvide them with whatever they need, starting with supprt and cmfrt.”（你的工作就是在他们身边，提供他们需要的任何东西，从支持和安慰开始。）可知，本段讲的是给予支持和安慰。结合选项D项Additinally, it’s yur duty t give them encuragement as needed.（此外，你有责任在他们需要的时候给予鼓励。）和上文内容一致，为对上文内容的补充和递进，上下文语意连贯。故选D项。
14. 上文“Therefre, ur seeking fr the ther persn’s gd is ttally disinterested. We serve the ther withut expecting anything in return.”（因此，我们对他人利益的追求是完全无私的。我们服务他人，不求任何回报。）说明爱是无私的。结合选项B项Acts f lve are made fr its wn sake.（爱的行为是为了爱本身。）意思一致，为对上文内容的总结。故选B项。
15. 根据该段主题句“Accept the differences.”（接受差异。）以及下文“Friendship welcmes differences and integrates them int a level f unin that accepts and ges beynd them.”（友谊欢迎差异，并将它们整合成一种接受并超越差异的联盟。）可知，讲的都是关于友谊接受差异方面的内容。故可推断空格处内容为与此相关，结合选项G项Friendship desn’t mean having the same interests, pinins and mindset as the ther persn.（友谊并不意味着和另一个人有相同的兴趣、观点和心态。）符合此推断，上下文语意连贯。故选G项。
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16. B 17. G 18. E 19. C 20. D
【解析】本文是篇说明文。介绍了如何处理网上的负面评论。
16. 分析设空，空处位于首段段尾，应是承上启下的作用，根据前文“But smetimes, if yu pst a vide nline and yur vide becmes ppular, yu may get cmments frm peple wh will always find smething t cmplain abut. They may spread gssip (流言蜚语) abut yu that isn’t true. Negative cmments, if they are mishandled, can affect yur reputatin and md. (但有时候，如果你在网上发布了一个视频，你的视频变得很受欢迎，你可能会收到一些人的评论，他们总是会找到一些抱怨的地方。他们可能会散布关于你的不真实的流言蜚语。消极的评论，如果处理不当，会影响你的声誉和情绪)”可知，本文主要讲述如何处理网上的负面评论，所以B项“Then hw shuld we deal with negative cmments? (那么我们应该如何处理负面评论呢?)”符合文意，是前文的总结，并通过提问引出下文。故选B项。
17. 根据前文“First, respnd psitively and plitely. Sme peple like yur vide while thers dn’t. N matter hw negative the cmment is, it’s best fr yu t give a psitive and plite respnse. (首先，积极礼貌地回应。有些人喜欢你的视频，而有些人则不喜欢。不管评论有多负面，你最好给出一个积极而礼貌的回应)”可知G项“This shws that yu care abut everyne else n yur scial media page. (这表明你关心你的社交媒体页面上的其他人)”是对前文的总结，符合文意。故选G项。
18. 根据前文“Next, mving the cnversatin ut f the public eye and int a private area is usually the best chice. (其次，将谈话转移到公众视线之外的私人领域通常是最好的选择)”以及后文“Instead, leave a cmment fr them, asking them t cntact yu t discuss the prblem privately. (相反，给他们留言，让他们联系你私下讨论这个问题)”可知，空处应是对前文进一步说明，并和后文构成转折，所以E项“Hwever, dn’t send a direct message t the negative cmment makers. (但是，不要直接给负面评论的制造者发信息)”符合文意，对前文进一步说明，并和后文构成转折。故选E项。
19. 根据前文“Finally, dn’t reply if they try t start an argument. Often, keybard warrirs (键盘侠) are feeling bad abut smething in their wn lives. (最后，如果他们试图开始争论，不要回答。通常，键盘侠会对自己生活中的某些事情感到难过)”以及后文“Avid being negatively influenced by their cmments. Yu ttally have the right t delete anything that shuld nt be n yur scial media page.(避免被他们的评论负面影响。你完全有权利删除任何不应该出现在你的社交媒体页面上的东西)”可知，空处应是过渡句，所以C项“S keep it in mind that their cmments have nthing t d with yu. (所以请记住，他们的评论与你无关)”符合本段主题，对前文的总结并引出下文。故选C项。
20. 分析设空，位于段首，应是本段的中心句，根据后文“Just laugh them ff and let them g. Yu can’t cntrl what ther peple d. All yu can d is keep psting and sharing psitive things. When thers can see that yu are still living a gd life, they will be encuraged by yu. (一笑了之，让他们走吧。你不能控制别人做什么。你所能做的就是继续发布和分享积极的事情。当别人看到你仍然过着美好的生活时，他们会受到你的鼓励)”可知，本段在讲述如何从社交媒体上的负面评论中恢复过来，所以D项“Hw d yu recver frm thse negative cmments n scial media? (你如何从社交媒体上的负面评论中恢复过来?)”符合文意。故选D项。
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21. E 22. A 23. F 24. C 25. G
【解析】本文是说明文。文章主要介绍一些帮助孩子对运动感兴趣的方法。
21. 根据上文“Being active and mving is smething that is s imprtant fr us all, especially fr children. (活跃和运动对我们所有人都非常重要，对儿童来说尤为重要。)”可知，这里强调活跃和运动对儿童来说尤为重要。选项E“孩子的活跃程度将影响他们的整体健康和学习。”和上文意思一致。故选E。
22. 根据上文“It is such a gd idea t lead by example when yu are a parent. This is true fr a variety f aspects, but especially frgetting children invlved in sprt.(当你为人父母时，以身作则是个好主意。这在很多方面都是正确的，但尤其是在忘记孩子们参与体育运动这方面。)”可知，作为家长要为孩子树立榜样，结合上文提到体育运动，可知选项A“如果你不感兴趣，他们就不会对体育感兴趣。”和上文意思一致。故选A。
23. 根据下文“Althugh they can chse wh they want t supprt, seeing yur enthusiasm fr a particular player r team can be just what is needed t start their jurney. (尽管他们可以选择他们想要支持的人，但看到你对某个特定球员或球队的热情可能正是他们开始旅程所需要的。)”可知，这里建议家长跟孩子分享喜欢的球员或球队。选项F“除了以身作则，你还可以与他们分享你喜欢的球队。”和下文意思一致。故选F。
24. 根据上文“Yu culd lk fr a team unifrm stre t get them a sprts shirt with their name n fr example, as well as see the team play at ne f their games. (例如，你可以找一家队服商店给他们买一件印有他们名字的运动衫，也可以看球队参加他们的一场比赛。)”可知，这里举例说明家长在球队的热情。选项C“分享你的热情，这将有助于点燃激情。”和上文意思一致。故选C。
25. 根据上文“If they shw particular skill and learn t play sprt, then mre practice and training can cme in. (如果他们表现出特殊的技能并且学习运动，那么就应多练习和训练。)”和下文“When they can enjy what they d, they will nly see it as smething fun t d, rather than what we as adults might see it as, such as a chre t burn calries.(当他们能够享受自己所做的事情时，他们只会认为这是一件有趣的事情，而不是我们成年人可能认为的事情，比如燃烧卡路里的家务。)”可知，这里建议让孩子参与有乐趣的运动。选项G“然而，让孩子们参与体育运动的关键是让运动变得有乐趣。”和上下文意思一致。故选G。
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26. D 27. G 28. A 29. E 30. F
【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了几种克服缺乏安全感的方法。
26. 上文“Accrding t the American Psychlgical Assciatin, being insecure can make it difficult fr yu t trust thers, have healthy relatinships, be cnfident f yur abilities and reach fr yur gals.(根据美国心理协会的说法，缺乏安全感会使你难以信任他人、建立健康的人际关系、对自己的能力充满信心并实现目标)”可知，这些是缺乏安全感的危害，D项“幸运的是，你可以帮助自己减少不安全感”提到了克服该消极情绪的方法，起到了承上启下的作用。故选D项。
27. 根据下文“Then it’s imprtant t start challenging it. Fr instance, if the vice is saying...(然后开始挑战它是很重要的。例如，如果这个声音说……)”可知，空处是关于内心的声音，G项“有时，你可能会意识到那个让你怀疑自己的内心声音的存在”符合语境，下中的it指代的是G项中的the vice。故选G项。
28. 下文“Instead, fcus yur attentin tward the things yu d well and the areas in which yu wuld like t cntinue t imprve.(相反，把注意力集中在你做得好的事情以及你想继续改进的领域上)”可知，你要把精力集中在想要让自己变好的领域或者是事情上，A项“专注于你的强项”适合作为本段的主题句。故选A项。
29. 下文“it culd be when yu made a great presentatin, gave an imprtant speech, r managed a difficult cnversatin.(这可能是你做了一个很棒的演讲，发表了一次重要的演讲，或者进行了一次艰难的对话)”是举例说明一些对自己感到自信的时候，故E项“例如，想想你为自己感到骄傲的时候”符合语境。故选E项。
30. 上文“Stp aviding things that make yu uncmfrtable.(不要回避那些让你感到不舒服的事情)”提到，不要回避那些让你感到不舒服的事情，空处应是接着说而是应该怎么做，F 项“相反，开始应对那些让你害怕的事情并直面未知”符合语境。故选F项。
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31. F 32. E 33. C 34. A 35. G
【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要就如何进行园艺提出了一些方法。
31. 根据上文“Gardening may be ne f the mst relaxing hbbies yu’ll find, with the excitement f seeing smething yu have planted actually turn int a flwer. But if yu’ve been hlding back because yu dn’t have a yard, then yu’re missing ut a lt.(园艺可能是你会发现的最放松的爱好之一，看到你种的东西实际上变成了一朵花，你会感到兴奋。但如果你因为没有院子而退缩，那么你就错过了很多)”结合后文主要关于园艺的建议，故F选项“事实上，有很多简单的方法可以获得园艺的乐趣”符合语境，故选F。
32. 根据上文“Cntainer gardening is the mst bvius way t plant when yu dn’t have a tn f space. If yu can get a cntainer regardless f its size, yu can have a garden.(当你没有足够的空间时，容器园艺是最明显的种植方式。如果你能得到一个容器，不管它的大小，你就可以拥有一个花园)”可知，本句主要针对上文提到的容器进行说明。故E选项“更大的花盆给你空间种植几种不同的花”符合语境，故选E。
33. 根据后文“Grw climbing plants n a fence r the psts ver yur drway t decrate the side f yur hme. Plenty f plants are happy t grw up instead f ut, s yu can have sme greenery withut a traditinal garden.(在门口的栅栏或柱子上种植攀缘植物来装饰你家的一面。很多植物都很乐意向上生长而不是长出来，所以你可以在没有传统花园的情况下拥有一些绿色植物)”可知，在门口的栅栏或柱子上种植，即从高度空间来种植。故C选项“如果你真的缺少空间，那就考虑一下高度吧”符合语境，故选C。
34. 根据上文“Have an apartment r twnhuse? Then cnsider utdr windw bxes that yu access frm inside.(你有公寓或联排别墅吗？然后考虑从室内进入的室外窗框)”可知，上文提到考虑从室内进入的室外窗框来种植，本句主要针对这一做法进行说明：不需要地面空间。故A选项“这些根本不需要地面空间”符合语境，故选A。
35. 根据上文“Even if yurs desn’t get much light, a wall-munted garden can still grw well.(即使你的花园没有足够的光线，壁挂式花园仍然可以很好地生长)”以及后文“They will give yur bathrm a mre natural, earthy feel.(它们会给你的浴室带来一种更自然、更朴实的感觉)”可知，没有足够的光线，可以选择在阴凉潮湿的环境中生长良好的植物。故G选项“在阴凉潮湿的环境中生长良好的植物是最好的选择”符合语境，故选G。
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36. E 37. F 38. A 39. C 40. G
【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章告诉我们如何为惊险的徒步旅行做准备。
36. 根据上文“Yu need t train yur bdy at least three mnths befre the challenge. (在挑战开始前，你至少需要提前三个月训练你的身体。) ”和下文“Yu can start with baby steps and gradually take mre demanding exercises and distance. (你可以从小步开始，逐渐进行更多的练习并增加距离。) ”可推测设空处应该是制定训练计划，然后按时训练，E项“制订一个有规律的时间表，并严格遵守。”符合语境。故选E。
37. 根据本段标题“Chse yur clthes carefully (仔细选择你的衣服) ”和下文“Wear light absrbent pants t reduce frictin and prmte absrptin f sweat. (穿轻薄的裤子可以减少摩擦，促进汗水的吸收)”可知本段主要讲要穿适合的衣服，F项“穿合适的，能让你自由活动的衣服。”符合语境。故选F。
38. 根据下文“Yu must cnsider varius factrs befre purchasing the mst apprpriate hiking shes. (在购买最合适的登山鞋之前，你必须考虑各种因素。)” 可知本段是关于如何选择鞋子的，所以A项“选择合适的鞋”是本段的主题。故选A。
39. 根据下文“These are primary tls t help yu find yur way, water pints, emergency twers, and ther places. (这些都是帮助你找到方向、供水点、应急塔和其他地方的主要工具。)”可知，设空处应是要携带的工具，C项“随身携带指南针、地图和GPS。”符合语境。故选C。
40. 根据上文“Hiking is a refreshing way f keeping fit, having fun and building resilience. (徒步旅行是一种可以让人保持健康、享受乐趣和增强复原力的方式。) ”可知后文是对前面进行总结，所以只有计划好，才会有一个美好的徒步旅行体验，G项“充分的计划将有助于获得美妙的户外体验。”符合语境。故选G。
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41. G 42. A 43. F 44. E 45. C
【解析】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者戒酒的过程。
41. 上文“This lasted frm the age f 27 until after 50, a glden time during which I felt very srry fr ex-drinkers and peple wh culdn’t r wuldn’t drink. Hw did they make it thrugh scial situatins, especially parties? What did they d at the end f a wrkday t celebrate and relax(这种情况从27岁一直持续到50岁以后，在那段黄金时期，我为那些曾经喝酒的人和那些不能或不愿喝酒的人感到非常遗憾。他们是如何通过社交活动，特别是派对的？他们在工作日结束时做了什么来庆祝和放松？)”指出作者爱喝酒，并提出几个问题为那些曾经喝酒的人和那些不能或不愿喝酒的人表示遗憾，由此可知，空处也应是提出问题，表示遗憾，G项“他们是如何度过一生的？”符合，故选G。
42. 上文“When I first tried t quit drinking myself in my early 50s, I wasn’t sure at first hw it wuld wrk fr me. But I did it anyway( 在我50岁出头的时候，我第一次尝试戒酒，起初我并不确定这对我有什么用。但我还是做了。)”指出作者开始戒酒，下文“I was getting lder. I had t cncede that I wasn’t as tugh as I used t be.(随着年纪变大，我不得不承认我不像以前那么坚强了。)”说明作者戒酒的原因——即岁数大了，身体不允许作者再喝酒了，A项“我的身体需要这样做。”符合，引起下文，故选A。
43. 上文“But I had t admit that when I was ff bze, I lked and felt better physically: I slept mre deeply, had mre energy, exercised mre. My mind was clearer. My mds were brighter. Parties were hard, and s was cking at the end f a day f writing withut a glass f wine at my elbw.(但我不得不承认，当我戒酒后，我的身体状况看起来好多了：睡得更深，精力更充沛，锻炼得更多。我的头脑更清醒了。我的心情好多了。聚会是艰难的，在一天写作结束的时候，手边没有一杯葡萄酒，做饭也变得艰难起来的。)”重点描述了戒酒的好处，由此可知，戒酒利大于弊，空处对上文进行总结，F项“但利大于弊。”符合，故选F。
44. 上文“After my husband had gne upstairs t bed, my friend sat n ur sfa drinking an entire bttle f gin, cmplaining abut his fate, until he passed ut next t ur dg, whse bed that sfa was(在我丈夫上楼睡觉后，我的朋友坐在我们的沙发上喝了一整瓶杜松子酒，抱怨他的命运，后来他昏倒在我们的狗旁边，那张沙发就是我们狗的床。)”描述作者朋友喝醉酒后躺在狗床上睡着了，下文“I didn’t have a drink the next night, r ever again since.(第二天晚上我没有喝酒，从那以后我再也没有喝过酒。)”指出作者从那以后戒酒了，由此可知，空处应该是描述朋友喝酒对作者的影响，即让作者戒酒了，E项“这是一个警钟。”符合，故选E。
45. 由上文“I’m nt ging t lie: being sber is nt a ht-air balln ride.(我不想撒谎：保持清醒不是坐热气球（让人飘忽不定）。)”可知，空处承接上文，应该指出不喝酒的感觉是什么样的，C项“更像是在山里远足。”符合，故选C。
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46. E 47. C 48. G 49. D 50. B
【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章提供了使用庭院照明方面的建议。
46. 前文“Garden lights are extremely imprtant.（庭院灯是非常重要的。）”说明庭院灯的重要性，E项“They can make yur garden area safer and mre beautiful in n time.（它们可以立刻让你的庭院更安全、更美丽。）”符合语境，解释了重要的原因，承接前文。虽然A项“It is nt smething that shuld be taken lightly.（它不是可以掉以轻心的东西。）”语义上可以承接前文，但是其中的“It”无法指代前文的“Garden lights”，因此不合语境。故选E。
47. 前文“It wuld als help reduce the attractin t flies r insects.（这也有助于减少对苍蝇或昆虫的吸引力。）”提到用LED等可以减少苍蝇或昆虫，C项“It can be frustrating t see them taking ver the lighting.（看到它们借用照明是令人沮丧的。）”符合语境，说明灯下有苍蝇或昆虫的坏处，承接前文，其中的“them”指代前文的“flies r insects”。故选C。
48. 前文“By getting light shields, yu get t increase the prtectin f yur expensive utdr lights.（通过获得遮光罩，你可以增加对昂贵的户外灯的保护。）”指出用遮光罩的好处，G项“They als help ensure the lights d nt shine t bright in just ne spt.（它们还有助于确保灯光不会在一个地方太亮。）”符合语境，进一步指出用遮光罩的好处，承接前文，其中的“They”指代前文的“light shields”。故选G。
49. 前文“When it cmes t using garden lights, lcatin is everything.（使用庭院灯时，位置就是一切。）”指出位置的重要性，D项“Place them in the crrect psitin t wrk and last a lng time.（放置在正确的位置才能工作，延长使用寿命。）”符合语境，解释位置重要的原因，承接前文，其中的“them”指代前文的“garden lights”。故选D。
50. 后文“Yu have n excuse nt t get them serviced.（你没有理由不去保养它们。）”指出有理由保养庭院灯，B项“Unexpected elements will cause damage t the lights.（意想不到的因素会损坏灯。）”符合语境，指出庭院灯可能会损坏，自然引出后文的保养，后文的“them”指代其中的“the lights”。故选B。
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51. G 52. E 53. F 54. B 55. D
【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了什么是食物过敏、过敏的症状以及如何预防食物过敏。
51. 空后说“That’s because they accunt fr arund 90 per cent f fd allergies in the cuntry. And they are the nes mst likely t cause a severe reactin. This grup cnsists f eggs, milk, peanuts, fish, tree nuts and wheat.(这是因为它们占了全国食物过敏的90%左右。它们是最有可能引起严重反应的。这类食物包括鸡蛋、牛奶、花生、鱼、坚果和小麦。)”，这介绍的是一些过敏原，G选项“Certain fds are cnsidered pririty allergens by Health Canada(加拿大卫生部认为某些食物是优先过敏原)”说明某些食物是优先过敏原，因此引起下文，符合语境，故选G。
52. 空后说“If yu experience an extreme reactin, seek medical help immediately.(如果你经历了极端的反应，立即寻求医疗帮助。)”，这说明的是如何应对食物过敏，E选项“The best way t handle a fd allergy is t avid such fds(应对食物过敏的最好方法就是避免吃这些食物)”说明应对食物过敏的最好方法就是避免吃这些食物，因此引起下文，符合语境，故选E。
53. 空前说“Symptms can include: a skin rash r hives, swelling f the face r lips, r feeling lightheaded r dizzy.(症状可能包括：皮疹或荨麻疹，面部或嘴唇肿胀，或感到头晕或头晕。)”，这说明的是食物过敏的一些症状，空后说“That can send the bdy int shck r make it difficult t breathe.(这会使身体休克或呼吸困难。)”，说明空格处也应该介绍某种症状，且是会使身体休克或呼吸困难的症状，F选项“Fr sme peple, certain allergens can bring a severe reactin(对一些人来说，某些过敏原会带来严重的反应)”说明了过敏原会带来严重的反应，和后文它会使身体休克或呼吸困难相呼应，因此承上启下，符合语境，故选F。
54. 空后说“The nly sure way t prevent an allergic reactin t fd is t carefully avid the allergens.(防止食物过敏反应的唯一可靠方法是小心避免接触过敏原。)”，因此本段主要讲的是怎么避免食物过敏，B选项“Preventing an allergic reactin(预防过敏反应)”概括了本段主要内容，可作为主题句，故选B。
55. 空后说“S it’s necessary t infrm family r friends f the fd that can cause a fd allergy.(因此，有必要告诉家人或朋友可能导致食物过敏的食物。)”，说明有人可能不知道食物过敏是很严重的，D选项“Many peple d nt understand the severity f the issue(许多人不了解这个问题的严重性)”说明许多人不了解这个问题的严重性，因此引起下文，符合语境，故选D。
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56. D 57. A 58. E 59. G 60. B
【解析】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍的是一些关于如何利用水的治疗力量的建议
56. 根据空前的“Nwadays, many f us are finding urselves tired ut, struggling t build balance back int ur lives.(如今，我们中的许多人都发现自己疲惫不堪，努力恢复生活的平衡)”可知，当前，很多人处于疲惫状态，在努力地建立生活中的平衡，根据空后的“Spending time near ceans, lakes, rivers and ther bule spaces can prvide a range f benefits including reducing anxiety, easing mental tiredness and refreshing us.(在海洋、湖泊、河流和其他蓝色空间附近度过一段时间可以带来一系列好处，包括减少焦虑、缓解精神疲劳和让我们精神焕发)”可知，与水相关的环境在一起一段时间会有很大帮助，由此可推断，此空处应是承上启下的作用，指出水可以帮助我们缓解疲惫。D选项“Accrding t researchers, water can help us.(据研究人员称，水可以帮助我们)”符合题意。故选D项。
57. 根据分析语篇可知，此处应为本段的主题句，应为祈使句，根据空后的“Yu likely have sme water clse by, even if it is just a pnd alngside the rad. Start there. Then get ut t water yu can visit n the weekend r a vacatin. Urban water cunts—rivers, canals and funtains.(你附近可能有一些水，即使它只是路边的一个池塘。从这里开始。然后到你可以在周末或假期参观的水里去。城市用水——河流、运河和喷泉)”可知，该段讲述的只要是有水的地方就可以，无论是哪里的水，A选项“Remember that all water cunts.(记住，所有的水都可以)”符合题意，概括了本段的主题。故选A项。
58. 根据上题分析的内容，本段讲述的是无论哪里的水都很重要，由此可知，此空处讲述的内容与此相关，根据空前的“Then get ut t water yu can visit n the weekend r a vacatin. Urban water cunts—rivers, canals and funtains.(然后到你可以在周末或假期参观的水里去。城市用水——河流、运河和喷泉)”可知，此处讲述的是在周末时间去接触外界的水，E选项“S des dmestic water-in pls, bathtubs, even by fish tanks.(家庭水池、浴缸，甚至鱼缸也是如此)”讲述的内容是家里的水也很重要，与本段主题相符，且内容一致。故选E项。
59. 根据本段主题句“G ften.”可知，该段建议人们经常接触水，与时间相关，根据空后的“But an envirnmental psychlgist fund that spending a similar amunt f time near water has the same benefits.(但一位环境心理学家发现，在水附近呆同样长的时间也有同样的好处)”可知，在水附近花费类似的时间有一样的好处，根据but可知，此空处的内容与空后内容为转折关系，G选项“It takes at least tw hurs a week in nature t imprve ur well-being.(我们每周至少要花两个小时在大自然中才能改善我们的健康)”可知，每周在大自然中待至少两个小时会改善健康，与空后的“在水边花费相似的时间”以及“起到一样的效果”意义相符。故选G项。
60. 根据本段的主题句“Listen.”以及空前的“Make an audi recrding f yur favrite water.(录制您最喜欢的水的录音)”可知，本段讲述的是听水声对身体健康是有用的，空前讲述的是录制一段最喜欢的水的录音，由此可知，此空处应是这样做的效果，B选项“It will bring back happy memries.(它会带回快乐的回忆)”符合题意，承接空前内容。故选B项。
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61. B 62. F 63. D 64. G 65. E
【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了成为一名科学家的一些注意事项。
61. 前文“T becme a scientist, yu need a cllege degree and varius prfessinal skills.（要成为一名科学家，你需要一个大学学位和各种专业技能。）”提到成为科学家需要学位和技能，后文的段落具体介绍成为一名科学家需要注意的详细情况，B项“Next, yu will have detailed infrmatin.（接下来，您将获得详细信息。）”符合语境，引出详细信息，承上启下。故选B。
62. 后文“Of curse, they als have different specific wrk respnsibilities. If yu want t be a scientist in a certain field, yu need t cntinue t have a deep understanding f prfessinal wrk respnsibilities.（当然，他们也有不同的具体工作职责。如果你想成为某一领域的科学家，你需要继续对专业工作职责有深刻的理解。）”提到不同领域的科学家的职责，建议对这些职责有深刻理解，F项“Scientists in different fields may specialize in different subjects.（不同领域的科学家可能专攻不同的学科。）”符合语境，说明科学家专攻不同的学科，引出后文的不同工作职责，后文的“als”是对选项内容的延伸。故选F。
63. 空处位于段首，是段落主旨句，需概括段落内容。后文“The influence f every prfessin is duble-sided. As a scientist, it may bring yu sme achievements and benefits, but it als has sme prfessinal disadvantages. S befre yu want t be a scientist, yu shuld have a detailed understanding f the advantages and disadvantages f scientists.（任何职业的影响都是双面的。作为一名科学家，它可能会给你带来一些成就和好处，但它也有一些专业上的缺点。所以在你想成为一名科学家之前，你应该对科学家的优点和缺点有一个详细的了解。）”说明科学家的职业有利有弊，建议要考虑利弊，D项“Think abut whether it is wrthwhile t be a scientist.（想想当科学家是否值得。）”符合语境，建议思考是否值得，可统领段落内容。故选D。
64. 前文“G thrugh cllege.（读完大学。）”建议读完大学，后文“Overall studying is imprtant t becme a prfessinal scientist.（全面学习对成为一名专业科学家很重要。）”说明大学的全面学习的重要性，G项“Systematic learning in university is the basis f becming a scientist.（大学里系统的学习是成为科学家的基础。）”符合语境，承上启下。故选G。
65. 前文“Try t find part-time jbs during the university perid. In this way, yu can btain real wrk experience while studying, which is very valuable fr yu and will definitely be helpful fr yur real career in the future.（在大学期间尽量找些兼职工作。这样，你可以在学习的同时获得真正的工作经验，这对你来说是非常宝贵的，对你未来的真正的职业生涯肯定会有帮助。）”说明要去找兼职工作，积累经验，E项“Yu can find such chances thrugh special part-time websites.（你可以通过专门的兼职网站找到这样的机会。）”符合语境，介绍找兼职工作的途径，承接前文。故选E。
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66. F 67. C 68. D 69. B 70. E
【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章从管理者的角度介绍了能让求职者轻松找到工作应具备的5种素质。
66. 根据本段小标题Dependability (要可靠)及空前“Emplyees that can be relied n arrive at the ffice n time and put up cnsistent effrt in all tasks. (星的员工会准时达办公至,并在所有的开务中做土-的努力)”，并结合空后“A dependable emplyee is given these tasks when an emplyer has a prject r jb that must be finished in a certain perid f time and t a certain standard. (当雇主有一个项目或工作,必须在一定的时间内完成并达到一定的标准时，一个可靠的员工就会被赋予这些任务。)”可知，关键词these tasks应在前文有所指示，F选项“Emplyers have faith in their ability t cmplete the duties arranged fr them(雇主相信他们有能力完成安排给他们的任务)”符合上下文语境，故选F项。
67. 根据空前“Any rganizatin can benefit frm having emplyees wh can make their wn decisins and act quickly.(任何组织都可以从拥有能够做出自己的决定并迅速采取行动的员工中受益。)”及空后“Therefre, they need candidates wh are nt hesitant t take decisive actin. (因此，他们需要毫不犹豫地采取果断行动的候选人。)”中的therefre可知本句应与空处构成因果关系，选项C“Emplyers cannt take part in every small decisin(雇主不能参与每一个小决定)”与上下文一致，且为因果关系，故选C项。
68. 本段小标题为“Adaptability(适应能力)”，根据行文要求，应能概括后文展开的内容。根据空后三句“Being adaptable fcuses mre n lng-term changes that culd have a large impact n a wrkplace. Yu are able t rapidly adapt t any changes, even when psitins are ruled ut r a firm significantly changes its visin. Adaptable emplyees wrk mre effectively with custmers, clients and their team members.(适应性强更侧重于可能对工作场所产生重大影响的长期变化。您能够快速适应任何变化，即使头寸被排除或公司的愿景发生了重大变化。适应性强的员工可以更有效地与客户、客户及其团队成员合作。)”，D项“Yur ability fr adaptatin is hw well yu handle changes(你的适应能力是你处理变化的能力)”最能概括本段大意，与山下文一致，故选D项。
69. 根据设空位置可知为小标题，结合本段内容“Management can trust independent wrkers t accmplish their respnsibilities well and can be left alne t d s. Althugh many emplyers want wrkers wh can wrk tgether well and cmmunicate effectively, being independent enables an individual t d tasks n his/her wn withut relying n thers. The value f independent wrk depends n hw well the persn manages their time, jins in critical thught and slves prblems.( (管理层可以信任独立的工人能够很好地完成他们的职责，并且可以让他们独自完成。尽管许多雇主希望工人能够很好地合作和有效地沟通，但独立使一个人能够不依赖他人而自己完成任务。独立工作的价值取决于这个人如何管理自己的时间，加入批判性思考，并解决问题)”可知本段主旨为独立工作，与B项“Independent Thinker(独立思考者)”上下文一致，故选B项。
70. 本段小标题为“Team Plaver (团队精神)”，根据空前“The ability t wrk tgether effectively with thers is a basic cmpnent f almst any emplyment. (与他人有效合作的能力是几乎所有就业的基本组成部分)”与空后“Even if sme jbs need yu t wrk alne, a team-riented attitude shws that yu are wrking tward a greater gal and value the grup effrts f yur c-wrkers. (即使有些工作需要你独自工作，以团队为导向的态度表明你正在朝着更大的目标努力，并重视同事的团队努力。)”可知团队合作非常重要，并且是找工作必备的能力之一，与E项“Emplyers place a high value n the ability t perate well in a team(雇主高度重视在团队中良好运作的能力)”上下文一致，故选E项。
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71. F 72. A 73. B 74. E 75. G
【解析】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲的是作者从事广告行业8年了，加班熬夜做了无数项目，但他一直没有时间做自己真正想做的个人项目。有一天他受到一个演讲的启发，开始自己的项目“每天一秒钟”来记录每一天的生活。
71. 根据上文的“I’ve been in advertising fr eight years and used t wrk a lt f late nights and weekends fr numerus prjects.(我在广告业干了8年，曾经为了很多项目工作到深夜和周末)”和下文的“I need t take time t start my wn creative ideas.(我需要时间来开始我自己的创意)”可知，作者在工作中加班熬夜做了无数项目，看到一个演讲后决定开始做属于自己的项目，故空处内容应与没有做过个人想做的项目有关。F项“But I never had time fr ne I wanted t wrk n n my wn.(但我从来没有时间做一个我想自己做的项目)”与上文构成转折，选项中的ne表示“ne prject”，因此F选项承上启下，符合语境。故选F。
72. 上文“One day I watched a talk called “The pwer f time ff”. It’s abut hw every seven years, the speaker takes a year ff frm wrk s he can d his wn creative prjects.(有一天，我看了一个名为“休息时间的力量”的演讲。这是关于每七年，演讲者如何从工作中请假一年，这样他就可以做自己的创意项目)”提到作者看到一个演讲，介绍了演讲者每过七年，就拿出一年时间来做自己的富有创造力的项目，下文“I decided I had t d that. I need t take time t start my wn creative ideas.(我决定我必须这么做。我需要时间来开始我自己的创意)”讲到作者决定也要这么做，开始自己的富有创造力的想法，说明这个演讲启发了作者，A项“It instantly inspired me.(它立刻启发了我)”中的It指代前面的那个演讲，说明了那个演讲启发了作者，因此承上启下，符合语境。故选A。
73. 上文“Basically I recrd ne secnd f every day fr the rest f my life, cmbining these mments int ne single cntinuus vide until I can’t recrd them anymre.(基本上，在我的余生中，我每天都会录下一秒钟，把这些时刻组合成一个连续的视频，直到我再也录不下来。)”提到作者每天录一秒钟的视频，将这些一秒钟的视频拼接成一段连续的视频，直到他没有能力再录制为止，下文“There’re many things I have n recllectin f unless smene brings them up(有很多事我都不记得了，除非有人提起)”讲到有很多作者之前做过的事情，他都想不起来了，故空处内容应仍与作者录制视频有关，且涉及记住过去的事。B项“The purpse is t remember what I’ve dne.(目的是帮助我记住做过的事)”说明了这个项目帮助作者记住做过的事情，因此承上启下，符合语境。故选B。
74. 下文“On a gd day, I’ll have maybe fur secnds I want t chse. I’ll just have t narrw them dwn t ne, but even narrw them dwn t that ne allws me t remember the ther three anyway.(在美好的一天，我大概有四秒钟的时间可以选择。我只需要把它们缩小到一个，但即使缩小到一个也能让我记住其他三个)”讲到在美好的一天里，作者想要多录制三秒钟，他只是把它们压缩到一秒钟，但是即使压缩到了只有一秒钟，也足以让他记住其他三秒钟，说明作者有时只能选择一秒钟，E项“It’s difficult, smetimes, t pick that ne secnd.(有时候只能选择一秒钟很难)”是对下文内容的总结，说明只能选择一秒很难，因此引起下文，符合语境。故选E。
75. 空前说“I dn’t use any filters (滤镜), just trying t catch the mment as much as pssible as it is. I started a rule f the first persn view. Early n, I thught I shuld have a cuple f vides where peple wuld see me, but I realized that wasn’t the way t g.(我没有使用任何滤镜，只是尽可能地捕捉那一刻。我开始了第一人称视角的规则。早些时候，我想我应该有几个视频，让人们看到我，但我意识到这不是我要走的路)”，说明这不是作者想要的，因此空格处应该说作者真正想要的是什么，G项“The essence f my prject shuld be recrding the thing as I actually see it.(我的项目的本质应该是记录我实际看到的东西)”说明了作者的项目的本质，因此承接上文，符合语境。故选G。