专题5 阅读理解七选五 （原卷版+解析版）

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2023年高考真题
2023新高考全国Ⅰ卷
第二节 (共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Persnal Frgiveness
Taking respnsibility fr mistakes is a psitive step, but dn’t beat yurself up abut them. T err (犯错) is human. ____16____ Yu can use the fllwing writing exercise t help yu d this.
In a jurnal r n a piece f paper, put the heading “Persnal strengths.” ____17____ Are yu caring? Creative? Generus? A gd listener? Fun t be arund? They dn’t have t be wrld-changing, just aspects f yur persnality that yu’re prud f.
At the tp f a secnd page, put the heading “Acts f kindness.” On this ne, list all the psitive things yu’ve dne fr thers. It might be the time when yu helped a friend with their hmewrk, when yu did the irning withut being asked, r when yu baked ckies after the family had had a tiring day. ____18____
Yu culd ask a friend r family member t help add t yur list. ____19____ That way, yu culd exchange thughts n what makes each f yu special and the aspects f yur persnality that shine thrugh. In fact, dn’t wait until yu’ve made a mistake t try this — it’s a great way t bst self-cnfidence at any time.
It’s smething f a cliché (陈词滥调) that mst peple learn nt frm their successes but their mistakes. The thing is, it’s true. ____20____ We’ re all changing and learning all the time and mistakes are a psitive way t develp and grw.
A. A little self-frgiveness als ges a lng way.
B. Nw list all the characteristics yu like abut yurself.
C. They might even like t have a g at ding the exercise.
D It’s just as imprtant t shw yurself sme frgiveness.
E. It desn’t mean yu have t ignre what’s happened r frget it.
F. Whatever it is, n matter hw small it might seem, write it dwn.
G. Whatever the mistake, remember it isn’t a fixed aspect f yur persnality.
【答案】16. D 17. B 18. F 19. C 20. G
【解析】
【导语】本文为一篇说明文。文章鼓励人们练习自我宽恕，并提供了一个简单的写作练习来增强自信。通过列出个人的优点和善良的行为，人们可以学会原谅自己的错误，并从中成长。
【16题详解】
根据空前内容“Taking respnsibility fr mistakes is a psitive step, but dn’t beat yurself up abut them. T err (犯错) is human. (为错误承担责任是积极的一步，但不要因此而自责。人孰能无过)”可知，作者认为人都会犯错，勇于承担责任固然重要，但是也不要因此而过于自责。结合空后“Yu can use the fllwing writing exercise t help yu d this. (你可以使用下面的写作练习来帮助你做到这一点)”中的“d this”以及下文内容可推断，空处应该内容和“不要太自责”相似。选项D“It’s just as imprtant t shw yurself sme frgiveness. (宽恕自己也同样重要)”与“不要太自责”语意相近，起承上启下的作用。故选D。
【17题详解】
根据空前内容“In a jurnal r n a piece f paper, put the heading “Persnal strengths. ” (在日记或纸上写上“个人优点”)”以及空后内容“Are yu caring? Creative? Generus? A gd listener? Fun t be arund? They dn’t have t be wrld-changing, just aspects f yur persnality that yu’re prud f. (你有爱心吗？有创造力吗？你慷慨吗？是一个好的倾听者？与人相处很有趣吗？它们不一定要改变世界，只要你个性中让你感到自豪的方面就行)”可知，空处指的是列出一些你个性中的优点。选项B“Nw list all the characteristics yu like abut yurself. (现在列出所有你喜欢的自己身上的特点)”符合上下文内容，下文内容具体解释那些是优点。故选B。
【18题详解】
根据上文内容“At the tp f a secnd page, put the heading “Acts f kindness.” On this ne, list all the psitive things yu’ve dne fr thers. It might be the time when yu helped a friend with their hmewrk, when yu did the irning withut being asked, r when yu baked ckies after the family had had a tiring day. (在第二页的顶部，写上“善举”的标题。在这张单子上，列出你为别人做过的所有积极的事情。它可能是当你帮助朋友做作业的时候，当你没有被要求却主动熨衣服的时候，或者当你在家人累了一天之后烤饼干的时候)”可知，本段主要讲述的是列出一些自己所做的好事。选项F“Whatever it is, n matter hw small it might seem, write it dwn. (不管是什么，不管它看起来有多小，都要把它写下来)”与上文内容一致，讲述的是不管你所做的事情不管有多小，只要是好的事情，都记下来。故选F。
【19题详解】
根据空后内容“That way, yu culd exchange thughts n what makes each f yu special and the aspects f yur persnality that shine thrugh. (这样，你们就可以交换意见，谈谈是什么让你们每个人都与众不同，以及你们个性中闪光的方面)”可知，空处提到了某种方式，这种方式会使得你和朋友们一起交换意见等。选项C“They might even like t have a g at ding the exercise. (他们甚至可能想试一试做练习)”符合语境，C项中的“they”与空前的“Yu culd ask a friend r family member t help add t yur list. (你可以让朋友或家人帮你增加你的列表内容。)”中的“a friend r family member”保持一致，同时选项C和下文“In fact, dn’t wait until yu’ve made a mistake t try this — it’s a great way t bst self-cnfidence at any time. (事实上，不要等到你犯了错误才去尝试这个——这是一个在任何时候都能增强自信的好方法)”中的“this”一致。故选C。
【20题详解】
根据空前内容“It’s smething f a cliché (陈词滥调) that mst peple learn nt frm their successes but their mistakes. The thing is, it’s true. (大多数人不是从他们的成功中学习，而是从他们的错误中学习，这是陈词滥调。但事实是，这是真的)”可知，作者认为人是从错误中学习。选项G“Whatever the mistake, remember it isn’t a fixed aspect f yur persnality. (不管你犯了什么错误，记住这不是你性格中固定的一面)”符合语境，G项中的“isn’t a fixed aspect f yur persnality”和空后内容“We’ re all changing and learning all the time and mistakes are a psitive way t develp and grw. (我们一直在改变和学习，错误是一种积极的发展和成长的方式)”保持一致，指的都是犯错并不是性格中固有的一面，我们是通过错误来成长。故选G。
2023新高考全国Ⅱ卷
第二节(共5小题; 每小题2.5分, 满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文, 从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
As an artist wh shares her jurney n scial media, I’m ften asked by curius fllwers hw t begin an art jurney. Unfrtunately, there is n magic list I can ffer. I d remember, thugh, what it was like t be a cmplete beginner. S I’ve put tgether sme gd tips fr starting an art jurney.
·Start small. I suggest using a sketchbk (素描本) fr small studies. These small studies prvide inspiratin and may be a springbard fr mre cmplex wrks in the future. ___16___ Yu’ll want t lk back n yur jurney t see hw far yu’ve cme.
·Paint ften and paint frm life. There’s n better way t imprve than t put in thse brush miles. Whether yu paint still lifes, prtraits, r landscapes, paint frm life as much as pssible. ___17___
·Cntinually challenge yurself t try smething new. ___18___ Artistic grwth can be a bit painful. Welcme t the club；we’ve all been there. I lve taking n challenges. I nce tk up a challenge t create a painting every day fr a mnth and pst the wrks nline.
·___19___ Seeking and accepting cnstructive feedback (反馈) is crucial t grwth. I pst my wrk n scial media and, in turn, have met sme f the kindest peple. They make me feel valued and respected, n matter my level f artistic ability.
The jurney yu’re n wn’t fllw a straight path. ___20___ Push thrugh, give it time and put in the effrt. Yu will harvest the rewards f an artistic life.
A. Get ut f yur cmfrt zne.
B. Make career plans and set gals.
C. Dn’t thrw away yur beginner art.
D. Share yur wrk if yu feel cmfrtable ding s.
E. Yu’ll hit radblcks, and yu’ll feel discuraged at times.
F. Evaluate yur perfrmance and, if needed, redefine yur rle.
G. Yu’ll develp that painting muscle memry that nly cmes with repetitin.
【答案】16. C 17. G 18. A 19. D 20. E
【解析】
【导语】本文是说明文。文章介绍了了一些开始艺术之旅的好建议。
【16题详解】
根据前文“Start small. I suggest using a sketchbk (素描本) fr small studies. These small studies prvide inspiratin and may be a springbard fr mre cmplex wrks in the future. (从小开始。我建议使用一个素描本进行小规模的学习和实践。这些小的学习和实践可以提供灵感，并成为未来更复杂的作品的跳板)”以及后文“Yu’ll want t lk back n yur jurney t see hw far yu’ve cme. (你会想要回顾一下自己的艺术之旅，看看自己已经取得多少进步)”可知，空处应是一个过渡句，从给出建议使用一个素描本进行小规模的学习和实践，到回顾自己的艺术之旅，所以C项“Dn’t thrw away yur beginner art. (不要扔掉你的初学时的艺术作品)”符合文意，和后文形成顺承关系。故选C项。
【17题详解】
分析设空处，位于段尾，是对本段的总结，根据前文“Paint ften and paint frm life. There’s n better way t imprve than t put in thse brush miles. Whether yu paint still lifes, prtraits, r landscapes, paint frm life as much as pssible. (经常作画，且从生活中作画。没有什么比不断练习更能提高你的艺术水平了。无论你是绘制静物、肖像还是风景，都要尽可能地从真实生活中去观察和绘制)”可知，本段主要讲述不断练习绘画，所以G项“Yu’ll develp that painting muscle memry that nly cmes with repetitin. (你会逐渐形成只有通过反复练习才能获得的绘画肌肉记忆)”是对前文的总结。故选G项。
【18题详解】
分析设空处，空处位于第二句，此处应是对前一句的进一步解释，并同时引出后文，根据前文“Cntinually challenge yurself t try smething new. (不断挑战自己，尝试新事物)”以及后文“Artistic grwth can be a bit painful. (艺术的成长可能会有点痛苦)”可知，A项“Get ut f yur cmfrt zne. (走出你的舒适区)”是对前句的进一步说明，和后文构成顺承关系。故选A项。
【19题详解】
分析设空处，位于段首，是本段的中心句，根据后文“Seeking and accepting cnstructive feedback (反馈) is crucial t grwth. I pst my wrk n scial media and, in turn, have met sme f the kindest peple. They make me feel valued and respected, n matter my level f artistic ability. (寻求并接受有建设性的反馈对于你的成长非常重要。我在社交媒体上发布我的作品，并因此结识了一些最友好的人。无论我的艺术水平如何，他们都让我感到受到了重视和尊重)”可知，本段主要讲述了是分享自己的作品，所以D项“Share yur wrk if yu feel cmfrtable ding s. (如果你感觉舒适的话，分享你的作品)”符合文意，是本段的中心句。故选D项。
【20题详解】
分析设空处，空处位于第二句，此处应是对前一句的进一步解释，并同时引出后文，根据前文“The jurney yu’re n wn’t fllw a straight path. (你的旅程不会是一条笔直的道路)”以及后文“Push thrugh, give it time and put in the effrt. Yu will harvest the rewards f an artistic life. (坚持下去，给它时间，付出努力。你将收获艺术生活的回报)”可知，E项“Yu’ll hit radblcks, and yu’ll feel discuraged at times. (你会遇到障碍，有时你会感到气馁)”是对前句的进一步说明，和后文构成顺承关系。故选E项。
2023全国甲卷
第二节(共5小题;每小题2分，满分10分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Tricks T Becming A Patient Persn
Here’s a riddle: What d traffic jams, lng lines and waiting fr a vacatin t start all have in cmmn? There’s ne answer. ___16___.
In the Digital Age, we’re used t having what we need immediately and right ai ur fingertips. Hwever, research suggests that if we practiced patience, we’d be a whle lt better ff. Here are several tricks.
●Practice gratitude (感激)
Thankfulness has a lt f benefits: Research shws it makes us happier, less stressed and even mre ptimistic. ___17___. “Shwing thankfulness can fster self-cntrl,” said Ye Li, researcher at the University f Califrnia.
● Make yurself wait
Instant gratificatin (满足) may seem like the mst “feel gd” ptin at the time, but psychlgy research suggests waiting fr things actually makes us happier in the lng run. And the nly way fr us t get int the habit f waiting is t practice. ___18___. Put ff watching yur favrite shw until the weekend r wait 10 extra minutes befre ging fr that cake. Yu’ll sn find that the mre patience yu practice, the mre yu start t apply it t ther, mre annying situatins.
● ___19___.
S many f us have the belief that being cmfrtabel is the nly state we will tlerate, and when we experience smething utside f ur cmfrt zne, we get impatient abut the circumstances. Yu shuld learn t say t yurself, “___20___.” Yu’ll then gradually becme mre patient.
A. Find yur causes
B. Start with small tasks
C. Accept the uncmfrtable
D. All this adds up t a state f hurry
E. It can als help us practice mre patience
F. This is merely uncmfrtable, nt intlerable
G. They’re all situatins where we culd use a little extra patience
【答案】16. G 17. E 18. B 19. C 20. F
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了变得耐心的一些方法。
【16题详解】
根据上文“Here’s a riddle: What d traffic jams, lng lines and waiting fr a vacatin t start all have in cmmn? There’s ne answer. (这里有一个谜语：交通堵塞、排长队和等待假期开始有什么共同之处？答案只有一个)”可知，本句说明上文谜语答案，结合“交通堵塞、排长队和等待假期”这些情况可知都需要耐心。故G选项“在这些情况下，我们都需要一点额外的耐心”符合语境，故选G。
【17题详解】
根据上文“Thankfulness has a lt f benefits: Research shws it makes us happier, less stressed and even mre ptimistic.(感恩有很多好处：研究表明，感恩让我们更快乐，压力更小，甚至更乐观)”以及后文““Shwing thankfulness can fster self-cntrl,” said Ye Li, researcher at the University f Califrnia. (加州大学的研究员叶丽说：“表达感激可以培养自我控制能力。”)”可知，上文提到了感恩的诸多好处，可知本句继续说明感恩的好处：它还可以帮助我们练习更多的耐心。E选项中It指代上文Thankfulness。故E选项“它还可以帮助我们练习更多的耐心”符合语境，故选E。
【18题详解】
根据上文“And the nly way fr us t get int the habit f waiting is t practice. (我们养成等待习惯的唯一方法就是练习)”以及后文“Put ff watching yur favrite shw until the weekend r wait 10 extra minutes befre ging fr that cake. (把你最喜欢的节目推迟到周末再看，或者多等10分钟再去吃蛋糕)”可知，后文列举的事情都是日常的小事，说明要从小事开始练习等待，故B选项“从小任务开始”符合语境，故选B。
【19题详解】
根据本段内容“S many f us have the belief that being cmfrtable is the nly state we will tlerate, and when we experience smething utside f ur cmfrt zne, we get impatient abut the circumstances. (我们中的许多人都认为舒适是我们唯一能容忍的状态，当我们经历舒适区之外的事情时，我们会对环境失去耐心)”可知，本段提到了舒适是我们唯一能容忍的状态，结合前文的小标题都是祈使句可知，本段的主旨与接受不舒适相关，C选项中uncmfrtable对应后文cmfrtable。故C选项“接受不舒服”符合语境，故选C。
【20题详解】
根据上文“Yu shuld learn t say t yurself (你应该学会对自己说……)”以及后文“Yu’ll then gradually becme mre patient. (然后你会逐渐变得更有耐心)”结合本段主要说明的是不舒服的状态，可知，本句为对自己所说的话与接受不舒服相关，故F选项“这仅仅是不舒服，而不是无法忍受”符合语境，故选F。
2023全国乙卷
第二节(共5小题;每小题2分，满分10分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Indr plants might lk as if they just sit arund nt ding much, but in many ways they are the unsung heres f the hme. ____16____, but studies have shwn that they can prmte peple’s wellbeing by imprving their md (心情), reducing stress and helping their memry. What’s mre, indr plants are easy t lk after and are nt very expensive.
What are indr plants?
Indr plants, als knwn as huseplants r pt plants, are plants that like t grw indrs. Many f these species (物种) are nt ideally suited t grwing utside in the UK, especially in the winter. ____17____.
Why are indr plants gd fr yu?
Will Spelstra, wh wrks at the Ryal Btanic Gardens, says, “____18____. I find during the winter mnths, plants arund the huse can really lift yur md.” Several studies have backed this up and fund that indr plants can imprve creativity, fcus and memry. There is als research shwing that pt plants can clean the air arund them by remving harmful gases, such as carbn dixide. They als remve sme harmful chemicals frm paints r cking. ____19____.
Which plants can yu grw?
Ale vera, peace lilies and spider plants are sme f the species that are easy t grw indrs. Yu can buy plants frm supermarkets, garden centres r nline. Yunger plants are ften cheaper than fully grwn nes, and yu get t care fr them as they mature — which is part f the jy f wning plants. “____20____,” Spelstra says. “It can bring a new interest and fcus int peple’s lives and help t make the link between hme and nature.”
A. All plants are different
B. Nt nly d they lk beautiful
C. There are many benefits t grwing plants indrs
D. Instead, they grw better inside, where it is warmer
E. Plants like peace lilies and devil’s ivy are amng the best
F. Changing the pt f yur plant frm time t time will als help
G. Learning abut the requirements f each plant can be very rewarding
【答案】16. B 17. D 18. C 19. E 20. G
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了什么是室内植物、室内植物带来的好处及你能种植哪些室内植物。
【16题详解】
根据下文“but studies have shwn that they can prmte peple’s wellbeing by imprving their md (心情), reducing stress and helping their memry.(而且研究表明，它们可以通过改善情绪、减轻压力和帮助增强记忆力来促进人们的健康)”可知，此处与下文是递进关系，构成nt nly…but“不仅……而且……”结构。由此可知，B. Nt nly d they lk beautiful(它们不仅看起来很漂亮)能够衔接下文，符合语境。故选B。
【17题详解】
根据上文“Many f these species (物种) are nt ideally suited t grwing utside in the UK, especially in the winter.(这些品种中的许多都不适合在英国户外生长，尤其是在冬天)”可知，有些植物不适合在户外寒冷的环境中生长，即适合在温暖的地方生长。由此可知，D. Instead, they grw better inside, where it is warmer(相反，它们在温暖的室内生长得更好)能够承接上文，符合语境。故选D。
【18题详解】
根据下文“I find during the winter mnths, plants arund the huse can really lift yur md.(我发现在冬天的几个月里，房子周围的植物真的能提升你的情绪)”可知，室内植物对人有好处。由此可知，C. There are many benefits t grwing plants indrs(在室内种植植物有很多好处)能够衔接下文，符合语境。故选C。
【19题详解】
根据上文“There is als research shwing that pt plants can clean the air arund them by remving harmful gases, such as carbn dixide. They als remve sme harmful chemicals frm paints r cking.(也有研究表明，盆栽植物可以通过去除二氧化碳等有害气体来净化周围的空气。它们还能去除油漆或烹饪中的一些有害化学物质)”可知，盆栽植物能够清除有害物质。由此可知，E. Plants like peace lilies and devil’s tngue are amng the best(像和平百合和魔芋之类的植物是最好的)能够承接上文，列举了在这方面做的最好的植物，符合语境。故选E。
【20题详解】
根据上文“Yunger plants are ften cheaper than fully grwn nes, and yu get t care fr them as they mature-which is part f the jy f wning plants.(年轻的植物通常比成熟的植物便宜，而且你可以在它们成熟时照顾它们——这是拥有植物的乐趣之一)”可知，不同的植物需求是不同的。由此可知，G. Learning abut the requirements f each plant can be very rewarding(了解每种植物的需求是非常有益的)能够承接上文，同时引起下文，下文“It can bring a new interest and fcus int peple’s lives and help t make the link between hme and nature.”(它可以为人们的生活带来新的兴趣和焦点，并有助于建立家庭与自然之间的联系。)”具体介绍了了解每种植物的需求的好处。故选G。
2023年2月四省联考
There has been a very serius decline in the numbers f shallw-water fish as a result f verfishing. Peple still want t eat fish, s the fishing industry must lk at ther surces, especially the deep waters f the Atlantic. ____16____
Cnservatin measures will have t be put in place if these deep-sea fish are t survive Research n five such species shws that numbers have declined by between 87 percent and 98 percent. ____17____ Many species culd well disappear cmpletely if the present trend cntinues. These are species that have been swimming in ur ceans fr hundreds f millins f years.
The prblem is emphasized by the fact that the decline in numbers happened in less than twenty years. Deep-sea fish take a lng time t reprduce and nrmally live fr many years. ____18____ The average size f such fish als declined, with ne species shwing a 57 percent decline in average size. This is f particular cncern, as large fish tend t prduce mre ffspring than small nes.
____19____ The deep-sea species have been caught as if they were the fast-breeding (快速繁殖) fish like sardine and herring. It is like killing elephants as if they reprduced at the same rate as rabbits.
The damage dne by verfishing ges beynd the sea envirnment. Millins f peple make a living in the fishing industry. ____20____ Measures must be taken t nt nly cnserve ecsystems, but als sustain livelihds and ensure fd security.
A Billins f peple rely n fish fr prtein.
B. Many peple nw chse nt t eat deep-sea fish.
C. Unfrtunately, their reprductin rate is very lw.
D. This puts them in the categry f “critically endangered”.
E. Nne f these facts has been taken int accunt by the fishing industry.
F. Overfishing is a majr cause f decline in ppulatins f cean wildlife.
G. This has resulted in a sharp decline in the numbers f many f the species caught.
【答案】16. G 17. D 18. C 19. E 20. A
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。短文介绍了由于过度捕捞浅水鱼类的数量已经严重下降，以及由此导致的后果。
【16题详解】
根据上文“Peple still want t eat fish, s the fishing industry must lk at ther surces, especially the deep waters f the Atlantic.”（人们仍然想吃鱼，因此渔业必须寻找其他来源，特别是大西洋的深水区）推知，选项承接上文说明以上做法导致的不良影响。故G选项“这导致许多被捕获物种的数量急剧下降”切题。故选G项。
【17题详解】
根据上文“Research n five such species shws that numbers have declined by between 87 percent and 98 percent.”（对五种这样的物种的研究表明，数量下降了87%到98%）可知，数量下降到了一定程度，我们便称为它们为“极度濒危”物种。故D选项“这使得它们被归为“极度濒危”物种”切题，this指代上文提到的“numbers have declined by between 87 percent and 98 percent.”。故选D项。
【18题详解】
根据上文“Deep-sea fish take a lng time t reprduce and nrmally live fr many years.”（深海鱼类需要很长时间繁殖，通常可以活很多年）根据下文“The average size f such fish als declined, with ne species shwing a 57 percent decline in average size. This is f particular cncern, as large fish tend t prduce mre ffspring than small nes.”（这些鱼的平均尺寸也在下降，其中一个物种的平均尺寸下降了57%。这一点值得特别关注，因为大鱼往往比小鱼生育更多的后代）可知，选项承接上下文说明深海鱼类的繁殖率非常低。故C选项“不幸的是，它们的繁殖率非常低”切题。故选C项。
【19题详解】
根据下文“The deep-sea species have been caught as if they were the fast-breeding (快速繁殖) fish like sardine and herring. It is like killing elephants as if they reprduced at the same rate as rabbits.”（深海鱼类被捕获，仿佛它们是沙丁鱼和鲱鱼等快速繁殖的鱼类。这就像把大象当作繁殖速度飞快的兔子杀死一样）可知，渔业忽略了一些物种繁殖速度慢的事实。故E选项“渔业没有考虑到这些事实”故选E项。
【20题详解】
根据上文“Millins f peple make a living in the fishing industry.”（数百万人以渔业为生）可知，选项与上文为并列关系，说明渔业对人的重要作用。故A选项“数十亿人依赖鱼类获取蛋白质”切题。故选A项。
2023年1月浙江卷
With gas prices rising and airprt security lines snaking lnger than ever, why nt bk yur next dmestic vacatin n a train? Cmpared t ther alternatives, it’s cmfrtable and relaxing. Here is sme advice n hw t make a trip by rail as pleasant as pssible.
Plan ahead. Mst lng-distance trains, especially the sleeping car accmmdatins, sell ut very quickly. ____36____ But n matter when yu travel, it’s a gd idea t make yur reservatins at least 90 days in advance.
Use a travel agent. Cnsider turning yur travel plan ver t a travel agent and letting him duble-check all the details, make suggestins, and then handle the actual reservatins. A gd ne can smetimes find yu discunted tickets. ____37____ Then yu wn’t have t walk thrugh several cars n a mving train three times a day fr yur meals.
Bring a blanket. When yu’re riding n trains, yu wn’t be prvided with a blanket fr free, even if yur trip is an vernight ne. ____38____ In the summer in particular, the air cnditining can make them quite cld.
Arrive early. Mst trains perate just nce a day and sme run nly three times a week, s missing yurs can be a disaster. ____39____ Nte: The times listed n the schedules are departure times, nt arrival times.
Have fun. ____40____ Read a bk, knit, d a crsswrd puzzle, r simply watch the wrld unfld utside the windw. T calculate yur speed as yu d, divide 3,600(the number f secnds in an hur)by the number f secnds it takes yu t travel ne mile(the distance between tw milepsts). If it takes the train 53 secnds t travel ne mile, yu’re ging 67.92 mph.
A. Train trips aren’t fr impatient types.
B. Yu’ll have views frm bth sides f the train.
C. The temperature n rail cars is ften hard t cntrl.
D. That’s particularly true during busy summer mnths.
E. Yu might have t wait lnger than 24 hurs t catch the next ne.
F. Chances are the cst will be a lt less than the cst f ne bedrm.
G. He may als bk yu in a sleeping car that’s right next t the diner.
【答案】36. D 37. G 38. C 39. E 40. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是说明文。文章讲述一些关于如何使坐火车旅行尽可能愉快的建议。
【36题详解】
根据上文“Plan ahead. Mst lng-distance trains, especially the sleeping car accmmdatins, sell ut very quickly.(提前计划。大多数长途火车，尤其是卧铺，很快就卖光了。)”以及下文“But n matter when yu travel, it’s a gd idea t make yur reservatins at least 90 days in advance. (但无论你什么时候去旅行，最好至少提前90天预订。)”可知，大多数长途火车的卧铺很容易被定完，所以要提前安排预定，D项“在繁忙的夏季尤其如此。”符合语境，D项中“busy summer mnths”与前后文呼应，说明忙碌的夏季尤其需要提前计划。故选D项。
【37题详解】
根据上文“A gd ne can smetimes find yu discunted tickets. (一个好的旅行社有时可以帮你找到打折的票。)”以及下文“Then yu wn’t have t walk thrugh several cars n a mving train three times a day fr yur meals. (这样你就不必为了吃饭而每天三次在行驶的火车上穿过几节车厢了。)”可知，好的旅行社帮你预定，不仅可以找到打折的票，还可以节省从卧铺到餐车的距离，G项中“bk yu in a sleeping car that’s right next t the diner”与前后文对应，因此推断G项“他可能还会给你预订餐厅旁边的卧铺车厢。”符合语境。故选G项。
【38题详解】
根据上文“When yu’re riding n trains, yu wn’t be prvided with a blanket fr free, even if yur trip is an vernight ne.(当你乘坐火车时，你不会免费获得一条毯子，即使你的旅行是过夜的。)”以及下文“In the summer in particular, the air cnditining can make them quite cld. (特别是在夏天，空调会让他们很冷。)”可知，这里提到了车厢内温度的问题，提醒乘客最好自备毛毯，C项中“The temperature n rail cars”与前后文对应，因此推断C项“列车上的温度通常很难控制。”符合语境。故选C项。
【39题详解】
根据上文“Mst trains perate just nce a day and sme run nly three times a week, s missing yurs can be a disaster.(大多数火车每天只开一趟，有些火车一周只开三趟，所以错过你的火车可能是一场灾难。)”以及下文“Nte: The times listed n the schedules are departure times, nt arrival times. (注意:时刻表上列出的时间是出发时间，不是到达时间。)”可知，本段提醒要提前安排时间，错过时间是很麻烦的事情，E项中“Yu might have t wait lnger”与前后文对应，说明错过火车导致的结果，因此推断E项“你可能要等上超过24小时才能赶上下一班。”符合语境。故选E项。
【40题详解】
根据上文“Have fun.(玩得开心)”以及下文“T calculate yur speed as yu d, divide 3,600(the number f secnds in an hur)by the number f secnds it takes yu t travel ne mile(the distance between tw milepsts).”(要计算你的速度，用3600(一小时的秒数)除以你走一英里(两个里程碑之间的距离)所花费的秒数。)”可知，本段讲述如何度过乘车时间，A项中讲到火车旅行不适合没有耐心的人与后文要计算时间，用不同的方式打发时间对应，符合语境。故选A项。
2022年高考真题
2022年新高考1卷
Fitness Magazine recently ran an article titled “Five Reasns t Thank Yur Wrkut Partner.” One reasn was: “Yu’ll actually shw up if yu knw smene is waiting fr yu at the gym, ” while anther read: “___36___” With a wrkut partner, yu will increase yur training effrt as there is a subtle (微妙) cmpetitin.
S, hw d yu find a wrkut partner?
First f all, decide what yu want frm that persn. ___37___ Or d yu just want t be physically fit, able t mve with strength and flexibility? Think abut the exercises yu wuld like t d with yur wrkut partner.
Yu might think abut psting what yu are lking fr n scial media, but it prbably wn’t result in a useful respnse. ___38___ If yu plan n wrking ut in a gym, that persn must belng t the same gym.
My partner psted her request n the ntice bard f a lcal park. Her ntice included what kind f training she wanted t d, hw many days a week and hw many hurs she wanted t spend n each sessin, and her age. It als listed her favrite sprts and activities, and prvided her phne number. ___39___
Yu and yur partner will prbably have different skills. ___40___ Over time, bth f yu will benefit — yur partner will be able t lift mre weights and yu will becme mre physically fit. The cre (核心) f yur relatinship is that yu will always be there t help each ther.
A. Yur first meeting may be a little awkward.
B. A wrkut partner usually needs t live clse by.
C. Yu’ll wrk harder if yu train with smene else.
D. D yu want t be a better athlete in yur favrite sprt?
E. Hw can yu write a gd “seeking training partner” ntice?
F. Just accept yur differences and learn t wrk with each ther.
G. Any ntice fr a training partner shuld include such infrmatin.
【答案】36. C 37. D 38. B 39. G 40. F
【解析】
【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了如何找到一个一起锻炼的伙伴。
【36题详解】
根据前文“Fitness Magazine recently ran an article titled “Five Reasns t Thank Yur Wrkut Partne.” One reasn was: “Yu’ll actually shw up if yu knw smene is waiting fr yu at the gym,”(《健身杂志》最近刊登了一篇题为《感谢健身伙伴的五个理由》的文章。一个理由是：“如果你知道有人在健身房等你，你就会去锻炼。”)”可知，这里陈述另一个和别人一起锻炼的理由。所以选择项C“Yu'll wrk harder if yu train with smene else.(如果你和别人一起训练，你会更努力。)”符合上下文语境。故选C。
【37题详解】
根据前文“First f all, decide what yu want frm that persn. (首先，决定你想从那个人身上得到什么。)”和后文“Or d yu just want t be physically fit, able t mve with strength and flexibility?(或者你只是想要身体健康，能够移动的力量和灵活性?)”可知，这里是一个问句，反问自己结伴锻炼的目的。所以选择项D“D yu want t be a better athlete in yur favrite sprt? (你想在你最喜欢的运动项目上成为更好的运动员吗?)”符合上下文语境。故选D。
【38题详解】
根据前文“Yu might think abut psting what yu are lking fr n scial media, but prbably wn't result in a useful respnse. (你可能会考虑在社交媒体上发布你想要的东西，但可能不会得到有用的回应。)”和后文“If yu plan n wrking ut in a gym, that persn must belng t the same gym.(如果你打算在健身房锻炼，那个人一定是同一个健身房的。)”可知，寻找的锻炼伙伴要具有便利性的特点。所以选择项B“A wrkut partner usually needs t live clse by. (锻炼伙伴通常需要住在附近。)”符合上下文语境。故选B。
【39题详解】
根据前文“My partner psted her request n the ntice bard f a lcal park. Her ntice included what kind f training she wanted t d, hw many days a week and hw many hurs she wanted t spend n each sessin, and her age. It als listed her favrite sprts and activities, and prvided her phne number. (我的搭档把她的要求贴在了当地公园的布告栏上。她的注意事项包括她想要做什么样的锻炼，每周多少天，每次培训要花多少小时，以及她的年龄。它还列出了她最喜欢的运动和活动，并提供了她的电话号码。)”可知，本段作者以自己的锻炼伙伴为例，说明寻找锻炼伙伴布告所要包括的信息。所以选择项G“Any ntice fr a training partner shuld include such infrmatin. (任何锻炼伙伴的布告都应包括这些信息。)”符合上下文语境。故选G。
【40题详解】
根据前文“Yu and yur partner will prbably have different skills. (你和你的伴侣可能有不同的技能。)”和后文“Over time, bth f yu will benefit -- yur partner will be able t lift mre weights and yu will becme mre physically fit.(久而久之，你们双方都会受益——你的伴侣会举起更多的重量，你也会变得更健康。)”可知，要学会求同存异，一起合作，共同提高。所以选择项F“Just accept yur differences and learn t wrk with each ther. (接受你们的不同，学会彼此合作。)”符合上下文语境。故选F。
2022年新高考2卷
Writing an essay is a difficult prcess fr mst peple. Hwever, the prcess can be made easier if yu learn t practice three simple techniques.
___16___ When yu are first trying t think f ideas fr an essay, put yur pen t yur paper and write nnstp fr ten r fifteen minutes withut letting yur pen leave the paper. Stay lse and free. ___17___ Dn’t wrry abut grammar r spelling. Even thugh this technique wn’t wrk fr everyne, it helps many peple get a gd stre f ideas t draw n.
The next technique is t write yur draft rapidly withut wrrying abut being perfect. ___18___ Yet, by learning t live with imperfectin, yu will save yurself headaches and a wastepaper basket full f crumpled (弄皱) paper. Think f yur first draft as a path cut ut f the jungle—as part f an explratin, nt as a cmplete highway.
The third technique is t try printing ut a triple—spaced (三倍行距) cpy t allw space fr revisin. ___19___ As a result, these writers never get in the habit f crssing ut chunks (大块) f their draft and writing revisins in the blank space. After yu have revised yur draft until it is t messy t wrk frm anymre, yu can enter yur changes int yur wrd prcessr. ___20___ The resulting blank space invites yu t revise.
A. Make sure yur handwriting is neat.
B. Let yur pen fllw the waves f thught.
C. The secnd draft f the essay shuld be better.
D. First f all, learn the technique f nnstp writing.
E. T many writers try t get their drafts right the first time.
F. Many beginning writers dn’t leave enugh space t revise.
G. Then yu can print ut a fresh draft, again setting yur text n triple-space.
【答案】16 D 17. B 18. E 19. F 20. G
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲的是写文章的技巧。
【16题详解】
空格处是本段的主题句，由空后的“When yu are first trying t think f ideas fr an essay, put yur pen t yur paper and write nnstp fr ten r fifteen minutes withut letting yur pen leave the paper. (当你第一次想写一篇文章的时候，把笔放在纸上，不间断地写10到15分钟，不要让笔离开纸。)”可知，本段主要讲的是要学会不间断地写，D选项“First f all, learn the technique f nnstp writing. (首先，学习不间断写作的技巧。)”概括了本段的主要内容，可作为主题句，故选D。
【17题详解】
空前说“Stay lse and free. (保持宽松和自由。)”，空后说“Dn’t wrry abut grammar r spelling. (不要担心语法和拼写。)”，因此空格处应说按心里想的写，自由发挥，B选项“Let yur pen fllw the waves f thught. (让你的笔跟随思想的波浪。)”说明了按自己的思路和想法来写，因此承上启下，符合语境，故选B。
【18题详解】
空前说“The next technique is t write yur draft rapidly withut wrrying abut being perfect. (下一个技巧是快速写草稿，不要担心是否完美。)”，空后说“Yet, by learning t live with imperfectin, yu will save yurself headaches and a wastepaper basket full f crumpled (弄皱) paper. (然而，通过学习与不完美共存，你将避免自己的头痛和一个装满皱巴巴的废纸篓。)”，E选项“T many writers try t get their drafts right the first time. (太多的作家试图在第一次就把草稿写好。)”中的“get their drafts”和上文的“write yur draft”相呼应，说明了有很多人想一次就写好，这是不合理的，要学会允许不完美的存在，因此E选项承上启下，符合语境，故选E。
【19题详解】
空前说“The third technique is t try printing ut a triple—spaced (三倍行距) cpy t allw space fr revisin. (第三种方法是打印出三倍行距的副本，以便有修改的空间。)”，F选项“Many beginning writers dn’t leave enugh space t revise. (许多初来乍到的作者没有留出足够的修改空间。)”中的“revise”和前面的“revisin”一致，指出了新手作者的常见做法，且其中的“Many beginning writers”和后文的“these writers”相互呼应，因此F选项承上启下，符合语境，故选F。
【20题详解】
空前说“After yu have revised yur draft until it is t messy t wrk frm anymre, yu can enter yur changes int yur wrd prcessr. (当你修改你的草稿，直到它太乱以至于无法继续工作，你可以把你的修改输入到你的文字处理器中。)”，空后说“The resulting blank space invites yu t revise. (由此产生的空白允许您修改。)”，因此空格处应说输入到文字处理器后应该做什么，G选项“Then yu can print ut a fresh draft, again setting yur text n triple-space. (然后你可以打印一份新的草稿，同样将文本设置为三倍行距。)”说的是输入到你的文字处理器后的做法，其中的“triple-space”和后文的“The resulting blank space”相呼应，因此G选项承上启下，符合语境，故选G。
2022年全国甲卷
Imprtant Things t Knw When Dining Out
Cultural dining etiquette (礼节) might surprise yu with sme f its imprtant rules. ___36___. Knwing sme tips will help ensure that yu have an enjyable meal with friends r family — n matter where yu are in the wrld.
Chpstick Rules
The way yu handle chpsticks is imprtant t avid annying yur cmpanins. When yu put them dwn between bites, always put them dwn tgether s they are parallel with the edge f the table in frnt f yu. ___37___.
Hands r Utensils (餐具)
In India and the Middle East, it’s cnsidered very rude t eat with yur left hand. Peple in France expect yu t eat with a utensil in each hand. ___38___, instead preferring t use their hands. In Chile, yu may never tuch any fd with yur fingers. Peple in Thailand generally use their frks nly t push fd nt their spns.
Making Requests
___39___. In Prtugal, this wuld be a serius mistake, because it shws the chef that yu dn’t like their seasning skills. Similarly, in Italy, never ask fr extra cheese t add t yur fd.
Sme f these cultural dining etiquette rules may seem randm and strange, but they are imprtant in varius cuntries. ___40___, the mre cmfrtable yu’ll begin t feel with its freign cultural practices.
A. The mre friends yu make in yur lifetime
B. The mre time yu spend in any given cuntry
C. Mexicans cnsider it inapprpriate t eat with utensils
D. Dn’t get caught making an embarrassing mistake at a restaurant
E. It’s a gd sign fr the chef if yu make a mess arund yur plate
F. Never stick them upright in yur fd r crss them as yu use them
G. It may seem like a simple request t ask fr salt and pepper at a meal
【答案】36. D 37. F 38. C 39. G 40. B
【解析】
【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一些外出就餐时要知道的一些重要事情。
【36题详解】
根据文章标题“Imprtant Things t Knw When Dining Out (外出就餐时要知道的重要事情)”可知，本文主要介绍的是外出就餐时应该知道的重要事情。由此可知，D项“Dn’t get caught making an embarrassing mistake at a restaurant (不要在餐馆犯尴尬的错误)”符合语境，其中“at a restaurant”对应标题中的“When Dining Out”，同时引起下文“Knwing sme tips will help ensure that yu have an enjyable meal with friends r family — n matter where yu are in the wrld. (知道一些技巧将有助于确保你和朋友或家人一起享受一顿愉快的晚餐——无论你在世界的哪个地方)”。故选D。
【37题详解】
根据本段小标题“Chpstick Rules”可知，本段主要讲述的是使用筷子的规则。根据上文“When yu put them dwn between bites, always put them dwn tgether s they are parallel with the edge f the table in frnt f yu. (当你在吃的间隙把它们放下来的时候，一定要把它们放在一起，这样它们就和你面前的桌子边缘平行了)”可知，此处讲述了正确使用筷子的方式。由此可知，F项“Never stick them upright in yur fd r crss them as yu use them (不要把它们笔直地插在你的食物中，也不要在使用它们时交叉放置)”讲述的也是使用筷子时的注意事项，符合此处语境，其中“them”指的是上文的“chpsticks”。故选F。
【38题详解】
根据本段小标题“Hands r Utensils (餐具)”可知，本段主要讲述的是手和餐具的问题。根据上文“In India and the Middle East, it’s cnsidered very rude t eat with yur left hand. Peple in France expect yu t eat with a utensil in each hand. (在印度和中东，用左手吃饭被认为是非常不礼貌的。法国人希望你每只手拿一个餐具吃饭)”及下文“instead preferring t use their hands (相反更愿意使用他们的双手)”可知，此处在讲述不同国家就餐时习惯使用哪只手的问题。由此可知，C项“Mexicans cnsider it inapprpriate t eat with utensils (墨西哥人认为用餐具吃饭是不合适的)”符合语境，与下文形成转折关系。故选C。
【39题详解】
根据本段小标题“Making Requests”可知，本段主要讲述的是用餐时提请求的问题。根据下文“In Prtugal, this wuld be a serius mistake, because it shws the chef that yu dn’t like their seasning skills. Similarly, in Italy, never ask fr extra cheese t add t yur fd. (在葡萄牙，这将是一个严重的错误，因为这向厨师表明你不喜欢他们的调味技巧。同样，在意大利，永远不要要求在食物中添加额外的奶酪)”可推知，在一些国家，用餐时提出要求是很无礼的。由此可知，G项“It may seem like simple request t ask fr salt and pepper at a meal (吃饭时要盐和胡椒看似很简单)”符合此处语境，其中“request”是关键词，说明，在用餐时提出一些我们看来很平常的要求在某些国家是无礼的。故选G。
【40题详解】
根据下文“the mre cmfrtable yu’ll begin t feel with its freign cultural practices. (你就会对它的外国文化习俗感到越舒服)”可推知，此处指在一个国家待得越久，就会越习惯当地习俗，且此处是“the+比较级，the+比较级”结构，B项“The mre time yu spend in any given cuntry (你在某个国家待的时间越长)”符合文意，引出下文。故选B。
2022年全国乙卷
Friendship needs care and attentin t keep it in gd health. Here are five ways t sustain (保持) lng-distance friendships.
·Set a regular date
Lng-lasting friendships share the characteristic that bth sides equally cntact (联系) and share with ne anther. With busy schedules, squeezing in phne calls can be a challenge. ___36___.
·Mre isn’t always merrier
Make sure yu have cmmunicated with yur friend abut hw frequently each f yu wants t be cntacted and what methd wrks best fr yu bth. ___37___. There are alternatives t cnstant written cmmunicatin, such as leaving vice messages r having a grup chat.
·Practise empathy (共情)
___38___. The friend wh is remaining needs t be sensitive t all the additinal time demands placed n the friend wh has mved. The ne in the new envirnment shuld be sympathetic t the fact that yur friend may feel abandned.
· ___39___
Anniversaries and birthdays carry even mre weight in lng-distance friendships. Althugh technlgy might make day-t-day cmmunicatin pssible, extra effrt ges a lng way n special days. Simply keeping a diary that keeps track f friends’ birthdays and ther imprtant dates will make sure nthing slips by yu.
·Dn’t rely n technlgy alne
___40___, but lng-distance friendships — even clse nes — may require mre cnscius effrt t sustain. Try t seek ut chances t renew friendships. Hw t d it? Just spend face-t-face time tgether whenever pssible.
A. Remember imprtant dates
B. Cmpensate by writing letters
C. It is als helpful fr yu t be a friendship keeper
D. Try t find a time that wrks fr bth f yu and stick t it
E. Friends need t talk abut their preferred methds f cmmunicatin
F. It is easy t have a sense f cnnectedness thrugh scial media
G. Yu may be the friend wh left r the ne wh was left behind
【答案】36. D 37. E 38. G 39. A 40. F
【解析】
【文章大意】本文是一篇应用文，介绍了五种维系异地友谊的方法。
【36题详解】
上文“With busy schedules, squeezing in phne calls can be a challenge.”（平日繁忙，很难抽出时间打电话。）讲的是双方都很忙碌，很难有时间给对方打电话，D项“尽量找个双方都有空的时间去打电话，并坚持下去” 给出了解决没时间打电话这个问题的方法，符合题意。故选D项。
【37题详解】
上文“Make sure yu have cmmunicated with yur friend abut hw frequently each f yu wants t be cntacted and what methd wrks best fr yu bth.”（确保你已经和你的朋友沟通过，了解你们想要联系的频率，以及哪种方法对你们双方都最有效。）提到异地朋友之间要商量沟通方式，E项“朋友需要谈论他们喜欢的交流方式”承接上文，进一步提出对交流的方法的沟通，下文“There are alternatives t cnstant written cmmunicatin, such as leaving vice messages r having a grup chat.”（除了持续的文字交流，还有其他选择，比如留下语音信息或进行群聊。）对E项中的“methds f cmmunicatin”进行了举例说明，上下文语意连贯。故选E项。
【38题详解】
下文“The friend wh is remaining”（留下来的朋友）和“The ne in the new envirnment”（在新环境中的那个）提到朋友的两个不同处境，G项“你可能是朋友中离开的那一方，也可能是被留下的那一方”指出了异地友谊中分为离开的一方和留下的一方，其中“the friend wh left”和“the ne wh was left behind”分别对应下文“The ne in the new envirnment”和“The friend wh is remaining”，所以G项符合题意。故选G项。
【39题详解】
分析文章结构可知，设空处的内容是维系异地友谊的第四个方法，是第五段的小标题。下文“Anniversaries and birthdays carry even mre weight in lng-distance friendships.”（周年纪念日和生日对于异地友谊而言是非常重要的。）讲的是诸如周年纪念日和生日等重要的日子对于维系异地友谊是非常重要的，由此推知，这段对应的维系异地友谊的方法是A项“记得重要的日子”，所以A项符合题意。故选A项。
【40题详解】
设空处所在句子的后半句“but lng-distance friendships — even clse nes — may require mre cnscius effrt t sustain.”（但是异地友谊——甚至是关系亲密的友谊——可能需要更加自觉地去维系。）讲的是我们要更加自觉地维系异地友谊，其中“but”说明后半句与设空处形成转折，而F项“朋友之间很容易通过社交媒体产生一种联结感”讲的是可以通过社交媒体这种方式很容易与朋友产生联结，与后半句“require mre cnscius effrt t sustain”形成转折，而且其中的“scial media”呼应了该段的小标题“Dn’t rely n technlgy alne”（不要仅仅依赖技术）中的“technlgy”。故选F项。
2022年6月北京卷
Health and fitness help a persn live a gd and healthy life. Often due t varius pressures, we tend t ignre ur health. ____35____ It is the fitness level f ur bdy that helps us fight these diseases.
____36____ We need t be fit t have a healthy bdy. Similarly, if we are healthy we shall naturally be attracted twards maintaining the fitness f ur bdy. Health is the state f ur bdy at a given time. We may nt have any disease but still have a weak bdy, which is ready t be targeted by viruses. ____37____ This des nt definitely mean that we are nt healthy. It means the fitness level is nt in accrdance with ur age and the climatic cnditins we live in.
It is imprtant fr everyne t devte sme time t health and fitness. ____38____ Fr instance, we must exercise daily regardless f ur age and wrking style. There are different levels f exercises fr different age grups and we must d them accrding t ur wn health and age.
Additinally, it is imprtant t relax ur bdy. We shuld have at least six t eight hurs f sleep every day. It helps in imprving ur immune (免疫) system and prtects us against diseases. ____39____ This, in turn, gives us new gals f health and fitness.
A. Fitness levels decide the quality f life.
B. Health and fitness are interrelated t each ther.
C. It als helps in keeping us calm and relaxes ur mind.
D. Fr instance, we may have a tendency t catch a cld easily.
E. If we keep ur bdy fit, we can enjy life in a better manner.
F. There are sme activities which everyne shuld d in ur life.
G. This makes ur bdy suffer and we will catch ther diseases.
【答案】35. G 36. B 37. D 38. F 39. C
【解题导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲的是健康和健身之间密不可分的关系以及我们应该通过哪些健身的方式来让自己有一个健康的身体。
35.【解析】
根据空前“Health and fitness help a persn live a gd and healthy life. Often due t varius pressures, we tend t ignre ur health.(健康和健身帮助一个人过上良好和健康的生活。由于各种各样的压力，我们往往会忽视自己的健康。)”可知因为各种压力，我们的健康容易被忽视，根据空后“It is the fitness level f ur bdy that helps us fight these diseases.(正是我们身体的健康水平帮助我们对抗这些疾病。)”可知身体的健康可以让我们应对各种疾病，空处承上启下，所以空处应该讲忽视健康对我们的身体及生活的影响。G项“This makes ur bdy suffer and we will catch ther diseases.(这使我们的身体遭受痛苦，而且我们会感染其他疾病。)”承接上文，引出下文，而且G项中的ther diseases与空后的these diseases相互照应，符合上下文语境。故选G项。
36.【解析】
根据空后“We need t be fit t have a healthy bdy. Similarly, if we are healthy we shall naturally be attracted twards maintaining the fitness f ur bdy.(为了拥有一个健康的身体我们需要健康。同样，如果我们是健康的，我们自然会被保持健康的身体所吸引。)”可知健康的身体与健身是密不可分的，空处位于句首，应是本段的主旨句，B项“Health and fitness are interrelated t each ther.(健康和健身是相互关联的。)”概括全段的主要内容，符合上下文语境。故选B项。
37.【解析】
根据空前“Health is the state f ur bdy at a given time. We may nt have any disease but still have a weak bdy, which is ready t be targeted by viruses.(健康是在特定时间内我们身体的状态。我们可能没有任何疾病，但身体仍然虚弱，随时会被病毒攻击。)”可知我们的身体虽然没有生病，但也很虚弱，随时会生病，根据空后“This des nt definitely mean that we are nt healthy.(这并不一定意味着我们不健康。)”可知生病并不一定表明我们是不健康的。空处承上启下，所以空处应该举例说明我们的身体在虚弱的情况下会生病这样一种状况，D项“Fr instance, we may have a tendency t catch a cld easily.(例如，我们可能很容易感冒。)”举例说明我们的身体会在虚弱的情况下生病，承接上文，引出下文，而且空后的This指代D项的we may have a tendency t catch a cld easily这种情况，符合上下文语境。故选D项。
38.【解析】
根据空前“It is imprtant fr everyne t devte sme time t health and fitness.(对每个人来说，花些时间在健康和健身方面是很重要的。)”可知我们应该花时间去健身，根据空后“Fr instance, we must exercise daily regardless f ur age and wrking style.(例如，我们必须每天锻炼，不管我们的年龄和工作方式。)”可知我们应该每天坚持锻炼，空处承上启下，所以空处应该讲的是我们应该通过哪些活动来进行锻炼，F项“There are sme activities which everyne shuld d in ur life.(在我们的生活中有一些活动是每个人都应该做的。)”承接上文，引出下文，符合上下文语境。故选F项。
39.【解析】
根据空前“We shuld have at least six t eight hurs f sleep every day. It helps in imprving ur immune (免疫) system and prtects us against diseases.(我们每天至少应该有6到8个小时的睡眠。它有助于改善我们的免疫系统，保护我们抵抗疾病。)”可知我们应该保障充足的睡眠，根据空后“This, in turn, gives us new gals f health and fitness.(这反过来又给了我们健康和健身的新目标。)”可知充足的睡眠会对我们的健康和健身目标很有好处，空处承上启下，所以空处应该继续讲充足的睡眠的好处，C项“It als helps in keeping us calm and relaxes ur mind.(它也帮助我们保持冷静和放松我们的大脑。)”进一步讲了充足的睡眠对于我们的好处，承接上文，引出下文，符合上下文语境。故选C项。
2022年6月浙江卷
I have a drawer full f letters t Santa. Each year my children wuld write up their Christmas wish lists. They were plite requests fr the latest game r ty. As the children gt lder, they wuld give Santa sme hints(提示)n where t buy their presents. ____11____
Thse letters taught my children a valuable lessn abut writing: It has a purpse. Smetimes ur purpse is t achieve smething;ther times it may be t entertain, infrm, r persuade. ____12____ And when writing desn’t seem t have any purpse r get any kind f meaningful respnse, then it can be hard t get excited abut ding it.
Christmas is a great time f year fr children t cmmunicate with thers thrugh writing. When children write fr real audiences and real purpses, they can learn t chse their wrds accrdingly. ____13____ Yu write “Dear Santa” because yu dn’t knw him persnally and yu want t shw him respect.
____14____ Texting, nline messaging, live chats while playing vide games all mean that they are cnstantly prducing written messages. Hwever, because they are usually writing t family and friends, they use infrmal language mst f the time.
There is nthing wrng with this kind f writing. It suits the audience and the purpse and gets the jb dne. ____15____ This type f writing wn’t be rewarded by the schl examiner, nr by a future emplyer r a ptential client. The very best cmmunicatrs are thse wh knw hw t adjust their language t match their audience.
A. It isn’t that these yung peple can’t write.
B. But it is always purpseful-r at least it shuld be.
C. The age f pen-and-paper letter writing may have passed.
D. As a result, each year they received smething they wanted.
E. Yu write “Hi Nanna and Pp” because yu are clse t them.
F. As technlgy develps, yung peple are writing mre than they ever have.
G. But if this is the nly kind f writing yung peple d, it will cause prblems.
【答案】11. D 12. B 13. E 14. F 15. G
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇议论文。作者通过讲述孩子们通过给圣诞老人写信暗示得到自己心仪的礼物，从而论证观点：人们写作都是带有某种目的的。
【11题详解】
根据空前“As the children gt lder, they wuld give Santa sme hints(提示)n where t buy their presents. (随着孩子们逐渐长大，他们会给圣诞老人一些提示，告诉他去哪里买礼物。)”可知，孩子们给圣诞老人提示去哪买礼物。结合选项可知，D项“As a result, each year they received smething they wanted. (结果，他们每年都会收到他们想要的东西。)”为孩子们提示的结果：收到心仪的礼物。前后为明显的因果关系。故选D项。
【12题详解】
根据空前“Smetimes ur purpse is t achieve smething;ther times t may be t entertain, infrm, r persuade. (有时我们的目的是为了获得东西，有时可能是为了娱乐、告知或说服。)”可知，我们写作都是带着目的的。结合选项B“But it is always purpseful-r at least it shuld be. (但它总是有目的的——或者至少应该是这样。)”可知，前后语意一致，说明写作是带有目的的。故选B项。
【13题详解】
根据空前“When children write fr real audiences and real purpses, they can learn t chse their wrds accrdingly. (当孩子们为真正的读者和真正的目的写作时，他们就能学会相应地选择用词。)”以及空后“Yu write “Dear Santa” because yu dn’t knw him persnally and yu want t shw him respect. (你写“亲爱的圣诞老人”是因为你不认识他，你想表达对他的尊重。)”可知，空后句和空前句之间是“理论——实践”的关系，由此可推知，空处也应为具体的实践。结合选项E“Yu write “Hi Nanna and Pp” because yu are clse t them. (你写“嗨，奶奶和爸爸”，因为你和他们很亲近。)”可知，符合这一逻辑。而且和空后结构一致。故选E项。
【14题详解】
根据空后“Texting, nline messaging, live chats while playing vide games all mean that they are cnstantly prducing written messages. (在玩电子游戏时发短信、在线消息、实时聊天都意味着他们在不断地产生书面信息。 )”可知，科技的发展让人们的写作变得更普遍。结合选项F“As technlgy develps, yung peple are writing mre than they ever have. (随着科技的发展，年轻人写的东西比以前更多了。)”可知，前后语意一致，符合语境。故选F项。
【15题详解】
根据空前“There is nthing wrng with this kind f writing. It suits the audience and the purpse and gets the jb dne. (这种写作方式并没有错。它迎合了观众和目的，完成了任务。)”可知，作者在评价这种科技影响下的写作方式。结合选项G“But if this is the nly kind f writing yung peple d, it will cause prblems. (但如果这是年轻人唯一的写作方式，那就会造成问题。)”可知，前后语意一致，从正反两方面评价科技带来的写作。故选G项。
2022年1月浙江卷
I have the same 24 hurs in a day as yu d,but I have made specific chices that allw me t make the mst f every day,and still feel happy and relaxed 31
Pick the mst imprtant
32 Fcus n spending time that fr yu is fun and prductive . I chse the life f an adviser because I like t wrk with cmpanies ,but dn’t want the life f a big cmpany CEO. My chices are based n the lifestyle I want.
Cmbine yur activities
Many peple g crazy trying t figure ut hw t spend time with friends,family,wrk,play ,etc 33 Find ways t enjy them in a cmbined manner .Build yur scial life arund peple in yur wrk envirnment .Find peple in yur cmpany wh share cmmn interests and develp yur career (职业）arund the peple and activities yu lve.
34
Yu wuld think learning takes mre time frm yu,but actually there are always new ways f ding things that can save yu time n daily tasks,freeing yu up fr the mst imprtant .Always be lking fr a new way t gain back an hur here r there.
Lighten up
The wrld wn’t cme t an end in mst cases just because yu left a few things undne .Celebrate prgress and keep refining(改进)tward a happy prductive existence 35 .Every cmpletin is a small victry that adds up in a big way.
A.Speed up
B.Be an active learner
C.Stp trying t balance time between them all
D.Make chices abut what is meaningful in yur life
E.The things yu d well usually give yu greater jy
F.Perhaps these tips will help yu make the mst f yur time
G.This is why making lists is imprtant in any prductivity handbk
【答案】FDCBG
【31题详解】
第31题 考查行文逻辑。根据前文: but 1 have made specific chice that allw me t make the mst f every day…以及下文的各个小标题可知，第一段尾句为承上启下。 F意为：或许这些建议能帮助你充分利用时间。符合逻辑，故答案选F。
【32题详解】
第32题 考查行文逻辑。小标题为：选择最重要的东西。空格后说：把时间集中花在对你来说是有趣和有意的事情上。前后是顺承关系，选项D 中选择有意义的事情。符合前后文逻辑, 故答案选D。
【33题详解】
第33题 考查行文逻辑。前文figure ut hw t spend time with friends, family, wrk, play, etc._。后文Find ways t enjy them in a cmbined manner.。C 选项中的代词them是承接指代上下文内容，句意也是别再试图平衡这么多东西。符合行文逻辑，故答案选C。
【34题详解】
第34题 考查主旨大意。后文说：你可能会认为学习需要花费你更多的时间，但实际上总有新的方式可以节省你在日常任务上的时间，让你腾出时间去做最重要的是事情。要一直寻找新的方式。反复提到的学习新的方式。B 选项意为：做一个积极的学习者。符合题意，故答案选B。
【35题详解】
第35题 考查行文逻辑：前文说：庆祝进步，不断改进。后文说：每一次完成都是一次小小的胜利。G 选项中的make lists指代的就是清单中每一项完成就是小小的胜利。符合逻辑，故答案选G。
2021年高考真题
2021年新高考1卷
My husband and I just spent a week in Paris. 1 S the first thing we did was rent a fantastically expensive sixth-flr apartment the size f a cupbard. It was s tiny that we had t leave ur suitcases in the hallway.
The place wasn't entirely authentic, thugh. Unlike a nrmal Parisian apartment, the plumbing （水管）wrked. 2 Our building even had a tiny lift with a female vice that said, "Ouverture des prtes, " in perfect French. That is the nly French phrase I mastered, and it's a shame l dn't have much use fr it.
Parisians are different frm yu and me. They never lk lazy r untidy. As smene nted in this paper a cuple f weeks ag, they eat great fd and never gain weight. 3 French strawberries d nt taste like cardbard. Instead, they explde in yur muth like little flavr bmbs.
4 On ur first mrning in Paris, I went arund the crner t the fd market t pick up sme grceries. I bught a handful f perfectly ripe small strawberries and a little sweet meln. My husband and I agreed they were the best fruit we had ever eaten. But they cst ＄18!
In France, quality f life is much mre imprtant than efficiency （效率）. Yu can tell this by café life. French cafés are always crwded. 5 When d these peple wrk? The French take their 35-hur wrkweek seriusly—s seriusly that sme labr unins recently struck a deal with a grup f cmpanies limiting the number f hurs that independent cntractrs can be n call.
A.Nt all the custmers are turists.
B.The quality f life in France is equally excellent.
C.There was a nice kitchen and a cmfrtable bed.
D.The amazing fd is mainly cnsumed by lcal farmers.
E.That's nt the nly reasn the French eat less than we d.
F.Our aim was t see if we culd live, in sme way, like real Parisians.
G.The fd is s delicius that yu dn't need much f it t make yu happy.
【答案】FCGEA
【文章大意】作者通过亲身体验，感受了法国高品质的生活：高级公寓，美味食物，舒缓的生活节奏和每周35小时的工作时间。
【解析】1 ：F。考查段中空。解题语句：前后句。分析题目可知，空后的S表明该空与空后句为因果逻辑关系，又根据空前句作者夫妇在法国度过了一周，可知，他们的目的是想体验法国当地人的生活，所以他们租了一间公寓。故选F。
2 ：C。考查段中空。解题语句：前后句。分析题目可知，空前的plumbing，空后的building, lift是在介绍作者夫妇租住的公寓，与C选项中的kitchen和bed为同话题词复现。故选C。
3 ：G。考查段中空。解题语句：空前句。分析题目可知，空前一句eat great fd and never gain weight与G选项中s delicius that yu dn't need much f it构成同义替换。故选G。
4 ：E。考查段首空。解题语句：空后句。分析题目可知，前文提到法国人与你我不同之处在于他们吃的食物很精致，摄入量很少，所以他们的体重不会增加，空后提到作者夫妇的一次经历，通过But they cst ＄18可知法国的食物很贵，这也是法国人食物摄入量少的另外一个原因。故选E。
5 ：A。考查段中空。解题语句：前后句。分析题目可知，空前always crwded提到咖啡馆里人很多，且French cafés与A选项中的custmers为同话题词复现，又根据空后When d these peple wrk？以及The French可知咖啡馆的顾客中不光有游客，也有法国当地人。故选A。
2021年6月新高考2卷
If the nly reading yu ever d is the nvel r magazine, the speed at which yu read -prbably des nt matter very much. But if yu have t read a great deal fr study, yu will appreciate the benefits f being able t read mre quickly. ____16____
·Befre yu pen the bk, make sure that yu are cmfrtable. Yu need a seat which supprts yur back and the bk shuld be at the right distance frm yur eyes. ____17____
·____18____ Lk at the table f cntents, the preface, the chapter heading,etc.This will help yu t decide whether yu really need t read the whle bk r nly certain parts f it. Ten minutes spent in this way culd save yu quite a lt f time in the lng run.
·If yu decide that yu need t read the whle bk, decide hw much yu can read at a time. ____19____ A histry bk which may cntain the facts in stry frm will be easier t read than ne dealing with scientific subjects. In the frmer case yu may be able t read a chapter. In the latter yu may nly be able t read ne page.
·Always keep a pencil and paper beside yu. ____20____Nte als the facts imprtant fr yur purpse as well as anything which leads yu t further research. Yu dn't have t write these things in detail. It is enugh t put the page number and ne r tw wrds as a reminder .
A. Stp t have a rest nw and then.
B. Spend a few minutes lking thrugh the bk.
C. This depends n the type f bk yu are reading.
D. Here are sme tips t help imprve yur reading speed.
E. Make a nte f any page which is f special imprtance.
F. Yu may find yurself having t leam smething by heart.
G. Keep the rm cl rather than warm t avid feeling sleepy.
【答案】16. D 17. G 18. B 19. C 20. E
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一些帮助提高阅读速度的建议。
【16题详解】
根据上文“If the nly reading yu ever d is the nvel r magazine, the speed at which yu read -prbably des nt matter very much. But if yu have t read a great deal fr study, yu will appreciate the benefits f being able t read mre quickly.（如果你唯一的阅读是小说或杂志，那么你阅读的速度可能并不重要。但是，如果你必须大量阅读来学习，你就会感激能够更快地阅读的好处。）”可知，接下来要介绍提高阅读速度的方法。D项：Here are sme tips t help imprve yur reading speed.（这里有一些帮助提高阅读速度的建议。）符合语境。故选D。
【17题详解】
根据本段主题句“Befre yu pen the bk, make sure that yu are cmfrtable.（在你打开书之前，确保你感到舒服。）”可知，本段主要说明要给自己创造舒适的阅读环境。G项：Keep the rm cl rather than warm t avid feeling sleepy.（保持房间凉爽而不是温暖以避免困倦。）符合语境。故选G。
【18题详解】
空处为段落主题句。根据下文“Lk at the table f cntents, the preface, the chapter heading,etc（查看目录、前言、章节标题等。）”可知，本段主要讲述在阅读一本书之前要先浏览一下大致内容。B项：Spend a few minutes lking thrugh the bk.（花几分钟浏览一下这本书。）符合语境。故选B。
【19题详解】
根据上文“If yu decide that yu need t read the whle bk, decide hw much yu can read at a time.（如果你决定要读完整本书，决定一下你一次能读多少。）”和下文“A histry bk which may cntain the facts in stry frm will be easier t read than ne dealing with scientific subjects.（以故事形式包含事实的历史书比科学题材的书更容易阅读。）”可知，看书时间的长短取决于书的类型。C项：This depends n the type f bk yu are reading.（这取决于你读的书的类型。）符合语境。故选C。
【20题详解】
根据段落主题句“Always keep a pencil and paper beside yu.（总是在身边放一支铅笔和一张纸。）”可知，本段强调要随时注意记笔记。E项：Make a nte f any page which is f special imprtance.（把任何有特别重要的一页都记下来。）符合语境。故选E。
2021年全国甲卷
Yu keep hearing abut recycling, right? But it desn't end with bttles, cans, and paper. Clthing takes a huge amunt f natural resurces （资源） t make, and buying lads f new clthing (r thrwing ut ld clthing) is nt healthy fr the envirnment. S what t d with all thse perfectly-gd-but-yu're-maybe-a-little-sick-f-them clthes piled n yur bedrm flr? 1 . It's the best way t get rid f yur used clthes, scre clthes frm yur friends, and have a party all at the same time.
A successful swap depends n the selectin f clthes, the rganizatin f the event, and, bviusly, hw much fun is had. It's really easy t d! Here are a few pinters.
• Invite 5-10 peple s yu have a nice selectin. 2 , and there may nt be enugh things t chse frm; mre than that, and it becmes uncntrllable.
• 3 . They shuld als prepare plenty f reusable bags t carry their "new" clthes hme.
• Put different types f clthing n different surfaces in the rm. 4 . Place a few mirrrs arund yur rm s peple can see hw things lk when they try them n. One f the grund rules f the swap shuld be that everyne must try n the clthes befre they take them —things always lk different when yu put them n.
• Set a starting time. Maybe yu say "g, " r turn n a certain sng, r whatever. 5 . And dn't frget t put ut sme ckies and fruits. Remember, it's a party!
A.Less peple than that
B.Hld a clthing swap
C.If tw peple are cmpeting
D.Just keep music playing thrughut
E.Dnate whatever clthes are left ver
F.Have everyne put their clthes in the right spts
G.Tell everyne t bring clean clthes in gd cnditin
【答案】BAGFD
【文章大意】：本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了如何进行旧衣服的分类和处理，以使衣服得到循环利用。
1 ：B。考查过渡句。空后句意为这是最好的方法摆脱你的旧衣服，得分从你的朋友，并有一个聚会，所有在同一时间。此空前一句作者提出问题：那么如何处理那些状况良好但你又不喜欢的堆在卧室地板上的衣服呢？再结合下一段开头 "A successful swap一个成功的交换" ，故这里答案选B（举办服装交换派对）。
2 ：A。考查过渡句。根据分号后面的句式 "mre than that, and…" , 说明空格应该选和其一致的句式， "Less peple than that" 正好对应了此句式。带入验证，翻译：人比这少，可能没有足够的东西可供选择；不仅如此，它变得无法控制。可知正符合。故选A。
3 ：G。考查开头句。根据空后 "They shuld als prepare plenty f reusable bags t carry their "new" clthes hme. " 他们还应该准备大量可重复使用的袋子，把 "新" 衣服带回家。从als可以得知，大家应该把衣服带来，故选G。
4 ：F。考查过渡句。空前句意为把不同类型的衣服放在房间的不同地方。空后句意为在你的房间周围放几面镜子，这样人们在试穿时就能看到东西的样子。由此推之，这里应该是让大家把各自的衣服放在房间合适的地方，故选F。
5 ：D。考查过渡句。此空前一句意为 "或许你可以说开始或者打开某首歌曲或者别的什么"。由此可以推之，这里应该是把音乐循环播放。故选D。
2021年全国乙卷
Accrding t Jessica Hagy, authr f Hw t Be Interesting, it's nt difficult t make yurself interesting at a dinner party.
1 , if yu're ut f yur cmfrt zne r if yu're wandering int smebdy's huse fr the first time. S the main thing is just t shw up and be adventurus, trying different fds and talking t strangers.
Peple lve t talk abut themselves. If yu can start the cnversatin with a questin ther than "What d yu d fr a living? ", yu'll be able t get a lt mre interesting cnversatin ut f whmever it is yu're talking t. 2 , it can bring in "I have this ld, brken-dwn vehicle" r "I rde the bus with these crazy peple wh were laughing at silly jkes in the back." It just pens up cnversatin.
3 ? If yu can't take their wine away, yu shuld certainly try t take away their sapbx（讲台）. If yu're the hst, yu can ask them t help yu in the kitchen with smething and just remve them frm the situatin. 4 .
And what abut that ther dinner-party killer: awkward silence? If yu're faced with an awkward silence at a dinner party, the nly thing that always gets everyne talking again is t give the hst a cmpliment （赞扬）. 5 . Just quickly turn arund and say, "This cake is extremely delicius and yu have t tell me all abut it."
S being interesting at a dinner party isn't that hard.
A.Hw d yu knw the hst
B.The first step is t g explring
C.If yu ask the questin "Hw did yu get here?"
D.Be prepared t have awkward cnversatins with strangers
E.Or turn the cnversatin int a tpic where they have little t say
F.What abut that persn wh has had t much t drink r wn't stp talking
G.He r she is the persn wh is feeling the weight f that awkwardness the mst
【答案】36. B 37. C 38. F 39. E 40. G
【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了在宴会上如何使自己变得有趣、避免尴尬和沉默的一些具体做法，如积极地提出问题，赞美主人等。
【解析】1 ：B。考查段首空。解题语句：空后段落内容。分析题目可知，空后的内容ut f yur cmfrt zne, shw up and be adventurus与B选项中g explring构成同义替换。故选B。
2 ：C。考查段中空。解题语句：空后一句。分析题目可知，空后vehicle和bus均为交通方式，又结合前文start the cnversatin with a questin可知，该空应为提问客人是如何到达的。故选C。
3 ：F。考查段首空。解题语句：空后一句。分析题目可知，空后一句can't take their wine away与F选项中t much t drink构成同义替换以及take away their sapbx与F选项中wn't stp talking构成同义替换。故选F。
4 ：E。考查段尾空。解题语句：空前一句。分析题目可知，前文if yu're the hst, yu can…是在对应付饮酒过量或话很多的一类人提出的一种处理方式，E选项… where they have little t say是在提出另外一种解决方式。故选E。
5 ：G。考查段中空。解题语句：空前一句。分析题目可知，前文提到碰到大家都沉默的情况下，缓解尴尬的方式是对主人提出赞扬，空后给出具体方式。空前awkward silence与G选项awkwardness构成同义替换，G选项中He r she指代前文hst。故选G。
2021年6月北京卷
Music has lng been cnsidered t be an enjyable pastime fr many peple. 1 The mental health benefits frm music can't be argued. Music culd als be helping yu with many ther health prblems behind the scenes.
2 Hwever, fr the same reasn, music can be very beneficial if ne is in pain. By distracting （分心） the mind frm the pain, music, peple say, can lwer stress and anxiety levels. This, f curse, can lead t less pain.
Many peple enjy relaxing music in the evening prir t ging t bed. 3 While the validity f the idea is still being assessed, the lwered stress can even be tied back t bld pressure. Similarly, accrding t researchers, listening t just 30 minutes f sft music every day may help with healthy bld sugar levels, thrugh the lwering f stress and anxiety.
When it cmes t heart health, there is speculatin （推测） that it's nt the style f music, but rather the temp that makes it s gd fr yur heart health. In ne Eurpean study, participants listened t music as the researchers mnitred their heart rates and bld pressure. 4 On the ther hand, when the music slwed, the participants' stress and anxiety levels became lwer and the effects n heart rates appeared t fllw suit.
5 But there is a whle range f ther health issues that turning up the radi culd be beneficial fr, which is what makes music s valuable.
A.This feeling can als result in many ther health prblems.
B.Sme experts say that music can be harmful if it is t lud.
C.This idea is a little ff-the-wall but still has scientific backing.
D.They say it can play a big rle in calming the brain enugh t sleep.
E.The implicatins f music n verall well-being are really impressive.
F.It is als highly ppular due t the individualized effects n stress and anxiety.
G.Interestingly, the mre cheerful the music was, the faster their heart rates were.
答案FBDGE
【解析】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲的是音乐对身体的好处。
1 ：推理判断题。空格后说 The mental health benefits frm music can't be argued（音乐对心理健康的益处是毋庸置疑的。）F选项It is als highly ppular due t the individualized effects n stress and anxiety中的stress and anxiety照应了mental health benefits，因此F选项切合题意，故选F。
2 ：段落大意题。空格后说Hwever, fr the same reasn, music can be very beneficial if ne is in pain（然而，出于同样的原因，当一个人处于痛苦中时，音乐是非常有益的。）Hwever表转折，因此空格处为对音乐的负面评价，B选项Sme experts say that music can be harmful if it is t lud中的harmful就是负面评价，因此B选项切合题意，故选B。
3 ：推理判断题。空格前说Many peple enjy relaxing music in the evening prir t ging t bed（许多人喜欢在晚上睡觉前听些轻松的音乐。）D选项They say it can play a big rle in calming the brain enugh t sleep中的sleep和ging t bed相呼应，因此D选项切合题意，故选D。
4 ：推理判断题。空格前说In ne Eurpean study, participants listened t music as the researchers mnitred their heart rates and bld pressure.（在欧洲的一项研究中，参与者听音乐，研究人员监测他们的心率和血压。）G选项Interestingly， the mre cheerful the music was, the faster their heart rates were中的heart rates和前面的heart rates相照应，因此G选项切合题意，故选G。
5 ：段落大意题。空格后说But there is a whle range f ther health issues that turning up the radi culd be beneficial fr, which is what makes music s valuable.（但是，开着收音机还可以对一系列其他的健康问题有益，这就是音乐如此有价值的原因。）因此本段讲的是音乐对身体总的好处，E选项The implicatins f music n verall well-being are really impressive讲的是音乐对整体健康的影响是非常令人印象深刻的，因此E选项切合题意，故选E。
2021年1月八省联考
Apps (shrt fr applicatins) are becming increasingly ppular nwadays, and fr gd reasn. They can help yu ut in just abut every area f yur life, whether it's keeping fit, cmmunicating with friends, r even learning a language.____16____Here's what yu shuld think abut befre dwnlading an app fr language learning.
·Learn frm diverse surces(nt just apps)
Any seasned language learner will tell yu that the beauty f mastering a freign language is the wrld which it pens up t yu. This is a wrld f diverse surces(来源) f infrmatin, frm newspapers and bks t TV, radi, music and even real peple. Wuld yu limit yurself t ne medium in yur native language?___17___
·Establish yur purpse and plan yur habits
D yu want t be fluent in weeks r are yu in it fr the brain training? The gd apps are designed t help yu fit yur studies arund yur timetable.____18____These apps encurage habit building, because the successful frmatin f a habit ensures yur safe and regular return.
·Make it scial
___19___I mean scial fr real. I we the speed f prgress I made in Italian t the supprt frm Jim, my partner in study time. Find a friend t accmpany yu. Take an evening class. Brrw a bk. Buy a bk. Bk a week away and attend a language schl. Just dn't frget yur phne!
If I may speak sincerely, the cmbinatin f app, language schl, Jim, evenings ut, and a chice bk r tw prved extremely effective.___20___
A. I recmmend it.
B. Remember that an app is just a tl.
C. N, I dn't mean psting yur prgress nline.
D. I encurage yu t use apps as ften as yu can.
E. Prbably nt, s why d s in yur new language?
F. The best apps adapt themselves based upn yur behavir.
G. Hwever, yu need t knw hw t use them prperly t really benefit.
【答案】16. G 17. E 18. F 19. C 20. A
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。如今，应用程序正变得越来越流行，这是有原因的。他们可以在你生活的方方面面帮助你，无论是保持健康，与朋友交流，甚至是学习一门语言。文章主要介绍了一些在下载一款语言学习应用程序之前应该考虑的事情。
【16题详解】
根据上文“Apps (shrt fr applicatins) are becming increasingly ppular nwadays, and fr gd reasn. They can help yu ut in just abut every area f yur life, whether it’s keeping fit, cmmunicating with friends, r even learning a language.(如今，应用程序正变得越来越流行，这是有原因的。他们可以在你生活的方方面面帮助你，无论是保持健康，与朋友交流，甚至是学习一门语言)”以及后文“Here's what yu shuld think abut befre dwnlading an app fr language learning.(以下是你在下载一款语言学习应用程序之前应该考虑的事情)”可知，上文提到了应用程序的好处，后文则提到在下载之前应该考虑一些事情，故本句与上文构成转折，说明需要知道如何正确使用应用程序才能真正受益。G选项中them指代上文Apps。故G选项“然而，你需要知道如何正确地使用它们才能真正受益”符合语境，故选G。
【17题详解】
根据上文“Any seasned language learner will tell yu that the beauty f mastering a freign language is the wrld which it pens up t yu. This is a wrld f diverse surces f infrmatin, frm newspaper and bks t TV, radi, music and even real peple. Wuld yu limit yurself t ne medium in yur native language?(任何一个经验丰富的语言学习者都会告诉你，掌握一门外语的美妙之处在于它为你打开的世界。这是一个信息来源多样的世界，从报纸、书籍到电视、广播、音乐，甚至是真实的人。在你的母语中，你会把自己限制在一种媒介上吗)”可知，上文提到了学习语言有各种不同的媒体可供选择，且上文提出了一个反问句“你会把自己限制在一种媒体上吗？”，本句位于本段最后一句，应当承接上文回答这一问题，故E选“也许并不会，那么为什么不在你的新语言学习中也这么做呢？”符合语境，故选E。
【18题详解】
根据上文“D yu want t be fluent in weeks r are yu in it fr the brain training? The gd apps are designed t help yu fit yur studies arund yur timetable.(你是想在几周内流利地说英语，还是想参加大脑训练？好的应用程序是设计来帮助你适应你的学习时间表)”以及后文“These apps encurage habit building, because the successful frmatin f a habit ensures yur safe and regular return.(这些应用程序鼓励养成习惯，因为成功养成习惯可以确保你的安全定期回归)”可知，上文提到好的应用程序是设计来帮助你适应你的学习时间表，即好的应用程序可以自我调整，来适应使用者的习惯，F选项中the best apps对应后文中These apps。故F选项“最好的应用程序会根据你的行为进行自我调整”符合语境，故选F。
【19题详解】
根据小标题“Make it scial(使其具有社交性)”以及后文“I mean scial fr real.(我的意思是现实意义上的社交)”可知，后文提到了“使其具有社交性”真实的意义，可知本句应当是在说明与后文意思相反的情况，C选项中I dn’t mean与后文I mean相对应。故C选项“不，我不是说在网上公布你的进展”符合语境，故选C。
【20题详解】
根据上文“If I may speak sincerely, the cmbinatin f app, language schl, Jim, evening ut, and a chice bk r tw prved extremely effective.(坦率地说，app、language schl、Jim、evening ut和一两本精选书的结合证明是非常有效的)”可知，上文提到了一种有效的方法，言下之意，作者推荐这种做法，A选项中it指代上文the cmbinatin f。A选项“我推荐”符合语境，故选A。
2021年6月浙江卷
Yu've gt mail…and it's a pstcard
Paul Magalhaes, a 34-year-ld Prtuguese cmputer engineer, lves t pen his mailbx and find a brightly clred picture f Rme's Clsseum. Or Africa's Victria Falls. Or China's Great Wall. 1
"I ften send pstcards t family and friends, " he says t China Daily, "but yu can imagine that after a while, yu never receive as many as yu send, and yu realize that nt everyne is int it, 2 " Seeking ther like-minded suls, hwever, Paul started lking in a smewhat unlikely place: nline, Many wuld say the Internet is a place fr peple wh have given up n the traditinal pstal service, but Paul's hunch（直觉）paid ff.
Tday his hbby has develped int the website pstcrssing. cm, a scial netwrk that has grwn t 575, 217 registered users in 214 cuntries and regins since he started it 10 years ag. 3 Running the website has almst turned int a full-time jb.
Language is certainly a barrier fr many peple. Fr pstcrssing t wrk wrldwide, a cmmn cmmunicatin language is needed s that everyne can understand each ther. As cl as it may be t receive a pstcard written in Chinese, the cncept desn't wrk if ne desn't understand it. 4 S a cmmn language is required and in pstcrssing that's English since it's widely spken.
"Many peple in China have limited expsure t Engish. 5 That said, we knw f many pstcrssing members, including Chinese, wh have actually imprved their English skills thrugh their use f pstcrssing. " Paul says.
A.And that's ttally fine.
B.That makes it extra hard t learn and practice it.
C.He likes t think f sending pstcards as a family-friendly hbby.
D.Many lve t make a cnnectin with smene frm acrss the wrld.
E.On August 5, the number f pstcards exchanged by members tpped 31 millin.
F.Similarly, if yu speak nly Chinese, receiving a card in Swedish takes part f the fun away.
G.In shrt, he lves pstcards, and the excitement f getting a hand-written nte frm smene far away.
【答案】1. G 2. A 3. E 4. F 5. B
【文章大意】一位热爱明信片的电脑工程师把这项热爱发展成了他的全职事业，并介绍了一些写明信片的困难和益处。
【解析】1.G。考查与上文的联系。前文以具体形象的例子表现主人公对明信片的喜爱：lves pen…and find a brightly clred picture f…，r…r…，这些brightly clred pictures正是明信片。因此，下一句进行总结。In shrt简言之，就是上文的概括，概括为lves pstcards and the excitement…喜欢明信片，喜欢收到远方朋友手写卡片的兴奋感。故选G项。
2 ：A。考查前后文联系。上文说 "你意识到并不是每个人都喜欢明信片"，下文说 "寻找其他志同道合的人……" 表示主人公接受上文所讲事实，然后才能和有共同兴趣的人继续自己的爱好。A项 "这完全没问题" 正是表示主人公接受这一点。故选A项。
3 ：E。考查段落主旨和前后文联系。全段都在写主人公将自己的爱好发展成了一个成功的社交网站。前文的各项数据也和E项的数据衔接自然，都是在介绍这个网站的成功；同时，这些数据的量都很大，使得空白后 "运营这个网站几乎成了全职工作" 成为必然的结果。故选E项。
4 ：F。考查段落主旨和前后文联系。全段都在写对于写明信片来说，语言可能是一个障碍。4空前是具体的论据 "尽管收到一封用中文写的明信片很酷，但如果收信人不理解中文的话，这个明信片就没什么意义" 。紧接着加F项 "类似地，如果你只讲中文，收到一封瑞典语的明信片也会让乐趣大打折扣" 同样都是对段落主旨的论证，而在衔接上用了similarly也很自然，故选F项。
5 ：B。考查与上文的联系。前文说 "很多中国人对英语的接触有限"，这导致用英语写明信片比较难，正是B项所说 "那使得学习和练习写英语明信片尤其得难"。选项中That指代上文的句子；而句尾的it指代上一段段尾句English is required in pstcrssing。B项与上文衔接紧密，故选B项。
2021年1月浙江卷
Yu run int the grcery stre t pick up ne bttle f water. Yu get what yu need, head t the frnt, and chse the line that lks fastest.
Yu chse wrng. Peple wh yu swear gt in ther lines lng after yu are already checked ut and ff t the parking lt. ___11___
It turns ut, it's just math wrking against yu; chances are, the ther line really is faster.
Grcery stres try t have enugh emplyees at checkut t get all their custmers thrugh with minimum delay. ___12___Any small interruptin - a price check, a chatty custmer-can have dwnstream effects, hlding up an entire line.
If there are three lines in the stre, delays will happen randmly at different registers. Think abut the prbability:____13____S it's nt just in yur mind: Anther line prbably is mving faster.
Researchers have a gd way t deal with this prblem. Make all custmers stand in ne lng, snaking line- called a serpentine line - and serve each persn at the frnt with the next available register. ___14___This is what they d at mst banks and fast-fd restaurants. With a serpentine line, a lng delay at ne register wn't unfairly punish the peple wh lined up behind it. Instead, it will slw dwn everyne a little bit but speed up checkut verall.
____15____It takes many registers t keep ne line mving quickly, and sme stres can't affrd the space r manpwer. S wherever yur next wait may be: Gd luck.
A. Why des this always seem t happen t yu?
B. S why dn't mst places encurage serpentine lines?
C. Sme f the may have std in a queue fr almst an hur.
D The chances f yur line being the fastest are nly ne in three.
E. Hw high is the prbability that yu are in the fastest waiting line?
F. With three registers, this methd is much faster than the traditinal apprach.
G. But smetimes, as n a Sunday afternn, the system gets particularly busy.
【答案】11. A 12. G 13. D 14. F 15. B
【解析】
【分析】本文是说明文。文章说明了杂货店排队方式以及研究人员提出的蛇形队伍的新方式，并分析了各自的利弊。
【11题详解】
下文“It turns ut, it's just math wrking against yu; chances are, the ther line really is faster. （原来，这只是你的数学问题；很可能，另一个队伍真的更快。）”解释了上文“Yu chse wrng.(你选错了)”的原因，下文与空格处是因果关系，所以本空应该是对前文选错提出疑惑，故选A项。
【12题详解】
上文“Grcery stres try t have enugh emplyees at checkut t get all their custmers thrugh with minimum delay.（杂货店尽量让足够的员工在结账时让所有的顾客以最小的延误完成结账。）”解释了杂货店之前的工作模式，下文“Any small interruptin a price check, a chatty custmer -can have dwnstream effects, hlding up an entire line.（任何一个小小的中断，一个价格检查，一个喋喋不休的顾客，都会产生下游效应，拖住整个生产线。）”描述了杂货店的特殊情况，故本空应该填出现特殊情况的原因，故选G项。
【13题详解】
根据上文“If there are three lines in the stre, delays will happen randmly at different registers. （如果杂货店中有三列队伍，延迟将在不同的队伍中随机发生。）”联系下文“S it's nt just in yur mind: Anther line prbably is mving faster.（所以这不仅仅是在你的脑海里：另一条队伍可能移动得更快。）”可知本空说的是任何一个队伍都有可能出现问题。你的队伍跑得最快的几率只有三分之一。故选D项。
【14题详解】
根据“上文Researchers have a gd way t deal with this prblem.(我们得知研究人员有一个很好的方法来处理这个问题)”以及下文“This is what they d at mst banks and fast-fd restaurants. With a serpentine line, a lng delay at ne register wn't unfairly punish the peple wh lined up behind it. Instead, it will slw dwn everyne little bit but speed up checkut verall.（这个大多数银行和快餐店都是这样做的。有了一条蜿蜒的队伍，在一个登记处长时间拖延不会不公平地惩罚后面排队的人。相反，它会减慢每个人一点点，但加快了整体结帐速度。）”说明这个新方案迅速有效，联系上下文可知，空格中应该是与旧的结账方案作比较。故选F项。
【15题详解】
结合下文“It takes many registers t keep ne line mving quickly, and sme stres can't affrd the space r manpwer.（要保持一条生产线的快速运转，需要很多的收银机，而且有些商店负担不起空间和人力。）”说明了一个原因，由此可知，空格处提出了一个问题；通过“It takes many registers t keep ne line mving quickly.(保持一条生产线的快速运转)”可知这里描述的是不鼓励蛇形队伍的原因。故选B项。
2020年高考真题
2020·全国卷I
A Few Tips fr Self-Acceptance
We all want it… t accept and lve urselves. But at times it seems t difficult and t far ut f reach. 36. Here’s a handful f ways that will set yu in the right directin.
●37. D nt fllw the peple wh make yu feel nt-gd-enugh. Why d yu fllw them? Are yu hping that eventually yu will feel empwered because yur life is better than theirs? Knw that yur life is yur wn;yu are the nly yu in this wrld.
●Frgive yurself fr mistakes that yu have made. We are ften ashamed f ur shrtcmings, ur mistakes and ur failures. 38. Yu will make mistakes, time and time again. Rather than getting caught up in hw yu culd have dne better, why nt ffer yurself a cmpassinate (有同情心) respnse? ＂That didn’t g as planned. But, I tried my best.＂
●Recgnize all f yur strengths. Write them dwn in a jurnal. Begin t train yur brain t lk at strength befre weakness. List all f yur accmplishments and achievements. Yu have a jb, earned yur degree, and yu gt ut f bed tday. 39.
●Nw that yu’ve listed yur strengths, list yur imperfectins. Turn the page in yur jurnal. Put int wrds why yu feel unwrthy, why yu dn’t feel gd enugh. Nw, read these wrds back t yurself. 40. Turn t a page in yur jurnal t yur list f strengths and achievements. See hw awesme yu are?
A. Feeling upset again?
B. Where d yu start?
C. Nthing is t small t celebrate.
D. Remember, yu are nly human.
E. Set an intentin fr self-acceptance.
F. Stp cmparing yurself with thers.
G. When des the cmparisn game start?
【答案】36. B 37. F 38. D 39. C 40. A
【文章大意】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了几个自我接纳的小技巧。
36.B 根据题目A Few Tips fr Self-acceptance(自我接纳的几点建议)及下文的Here's a handful f ways that will set yu in the right directin.(这有很多可以帮你找到正确方向的方法。)可知，选项B. Where d yu start? (从哪里开始那？)最合下文语境，故选B项。
37.F 根据下文Are yu hping that eventually yu will feel empwered because yur life is better than theirs? Knw that yur life is yur wn; yu are the nly ne in this wrld.(你是否希望最终你会因为自己的生活比他们的好而感到有力量？要知道，你的生活是你自己的；你在这个世界上是独一无二的。)可知，本段主要讲述不要把自己和别人作比较，因为生活是我们自己的，我们也是世界上独一无二的。故F. Stp cmparing yurself with thers.(停止把自己和别人进行比较。)可以作为本段中心句，故选F项。
38. D根据本文的中心句Frgive yurself fr mistakes that yu have made. (原谅自己所犯的错误。)及下文的Yu will make mistakes, time and time again. (你会一次又一次地犯错误。)可知，本句是在说明要讲自己看作一个普通人，普通人是会犯错的。选项D. Remember, yu are nly human.(记住，你只是个人。)与上下文衔接最好，故选D项。
39. C根据上文List all f yur accmplishments and achievements. Yu have a jb, earned yur degree, and yu gt ut f bed tday.(列出你所有的成就。你有了一份工作，拿到了学位，今天你拜托了困境。)可知，这些小事都是你取得的成就，都值得庆祝，即没有什么事是太小而不值得庆祝的。故选C项。
40.A 结合上文Put int wrds why yu feel unwrthy, why yu dn't feel gd enugh. Nw, read these wrds back t yurself.(用语言来解释为什么你觉得自己不值得，为什么你觉得自己不够好。现在，自己读一下这些话。)和下文的Turn t a page in yur jurnal t yur list f strengths and achievements. See hw awesme yu are? (翻到你日记本上记下你的优点和成就的那页。看到你有多棒了吗？)可推知本句是在说明“再次感到心烦意乱”的情况。选项A. Feeling upset again?(再次感觉心烦意乱了吗？)最合上下文语境，故选A项。
2020·全国卷II
Emji(表情符号) and Wrkplace Cmmunicatin
In Asia, messaging platfrms are grwing rapidly, with users in the hundreds f millins, bth at wrk and play. 36. . It’s been reprted that 76 percent f emplyees in sme western cuntries are using emjis at wrk.
Written cmmunicatins can ften read as cld and dull. Using emjis can add humr and feeling, keeping intentin clear. 37. , encuraging better and mre frequent cmmunicatin.
In any given ffice, emplyees can range frm age 22 t 70 and beynd, and finding cmmn grund in cmmunicatin style can be a challenge. 38. . While the yunger generatins prefer t cmmunicate visually, fr thse used t wrking with traditinal tls like email, it may feel like a learning curve(曲线). The gd news is that it’s simple t learn and can be wrth the effrt.
There is als the matter f tne(语气). Wh hasn’t received an email s annying that it ruined an entire day? 39. . Emji can help cmmunicatin feel friendlier, and even a serius nte can be sftened with an encuraging smile.
40. , and emji can cntribute directly t that psitive utcme. And when yur emplyees begin adding smiling emjis t their business cmmunicatin, yu’ll knw yu have succeeded in imprving yur wrk culture.
A. Message with emjis feel mre cnversatinal
B. Even a frmal email can seem cld and unfriendly
C. Sending smiling faces t clleagues may seem strange
D. The ppularity f these platfrms is spreading glbally
E.Giving emplyees the tls enables them t cmmunicate hnestly
F.Studies shw that friendlier cmmunicatin leads t a happier wrkplace
G.An easy way t bring all wrk generatins tgether is with a chat platfrm
【答案】36. D 37. A 38. G 39. B 40. F
【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了表情符号以及在工作交流所带来的优势。
36.D 根据前句“In Asia, messaging platfrms are grwing rapidly, with users in the hundreds f millins, bth at wrk and play.(在亚洲，即时通讯平台正在迅速发展，无论是工作还是娱乐，都有数亿用户)”和后句“It's been reprted that 76 percent f emplyees in sme western cuntries are using emjis at wrk.(据报道，在一些西方国家，76%的员工在工作中使用表情符号)”可知，前后句都说明了即时通讯平台受欢迎程度。所以选择项D. The ppularity f these platfrms is spreading glbally. (这些平台的受欢迎程度正在全球蔓延)符合题意。故选D。
37. A根据前句“Using emjis can add humr and feeling, keeping intentin clear.(使用表情符号可以增加幽默和感情，保持明确的意图)”和后半句“encuraging better and mre frequent cmmunicatin.(鼓励更好更频繁的交流)”可知，这里陈述使用表情符号的优点。所以选择项A. Messages with Emjis feel mre cnversatinal. (使用表情符号的信息让人感觉更健谈)符合题意。故选A。
38.G 根据前句“In any given ffice, emplyees can range frm age 22 t 70 and beynd, and finding cmmn grund in cmmunicatin can be a challenge. (在任何一间办公室，员工的年龄从22岁到70岁甚至更大，在交流中找到共同点可能是一项挑战)” 中关键词句“emplyees can range frm age 22 t 70 and beynd,”与选择项中“all wrk generatins”是一致的。故选G。
39.B 根据前句“ Wh hasn’t received an email s annying that it ruined an entire day? (谁没有收到过毁掉了一整天的邮件呢？)”和后文介绍表情的优点，可知，这里陈述电子邮件的缺点。所以选择项B. Even a frmal email can seem cld and unfriendly. (即使是一封正式的电子邮件也会显得冷淡和不友好)故选B。
40. F根据后句“and Emji can cntribute directly t that psitive utcme. (并且表情符号可以直接促成这种积极的结果)”可知，这里陈述表情符号能给工作场所带来的好处。所以选择项F. Studies shw that friendlier cmmunicatin leads t a happier wrkplace. (研究表明，更友好的沟通会带来更快乐的工作场所)故选F。
2020·全国卷III
A husewarming party is a special party t be held when smene buys r mves int a new apartment r huse. The persn wh bught the huse r mved is the ne wh thrws the party. The party is a chance fr friends and family t cngratulate the persn n the new hme. 36. And it is gd time t fill the new space with lve and hpeful presents.
37. Sme peple register a list f things they want r need fr their new hme at a lcal stres. Sme cmmn things peple will put n a gift registry include kitchen tls like knives and things like curtains. Even if there isn’t a registry, a gd husewarming gift is smething t decrate the new huse with, like a piece f art r a plant.
38. This is ften appreciated since at a husewarming there isn’t a lt f fd served. There are usually n planned activities like games at a husewarming party. The hst r hstess f the party will, hwever, prbably give all the guests a tur f their new hme. Smetimes, because a husewarming party happens shrtly after a persn mves int their new hme, peple may be asked t help unpack bxes. 39.
Husewarming parties get their name frm the fact that a lng time ag peple wuld actually bring firewd t a new hme as a gift. 40. Nw mst hmes have central heating and dn’t use fires t keep warm.
A. This isn’t usual thugh.
B. It is traditinal t bring a gift t a husewarming party.
C. Yu can als bring fd r drinks t share with the ther guests.
D. If yu’re lucky enugh t receive gifts, keep them in a safe place.
E.It als gives peple a chance t see what the new hme lks like.
F.The best husewarming parties encurage ld friends t get tgether.
G.This was s that the persn culd keep their hme warm fr the winter.
【答案】36. E 37. B 38. C 39. A 40. G
【文章大意】本文是说明文，介绍了乔迁聚会的目的，礼物的选取，活动安排和名称的由来。
36.E 上句 The party is a chance fr friends and family t cngratulate the persn n the new hme.(这个聚会是朋友和家人祝贺新家的机会)。介绍庆祝乔迁之喜的聚会是亲戚朋友祝贺搬新家的人的一次机会，下句 And it is a gd time t fill the new space with lve and hpefully presents.(现在是时候用爱和希望的礼物来填补新家了)。介绍这也是给新家装满爱和希望礼物的好时机。E项：它也给了人们一次看看新家什么样的机会。与上下句并列，都是庆祝乔迁之喜聚会的目的，故选E。
37. B下文Sme cmmn things peple will put n a gift registry include kitchen tls like knives and things like curtains.和like a piece f art r a plant. 列举了参加聚会所带礼物的清单，可以是厨房工具、窗帘、艺术品或绿植。这些都和参加聚会带礼物有关，B项：带礼物去参加乔迁派对是一种传统，概括了本段内容，引出下文，故选B。
38.C 本段介绍了聚会的活动安排，根据后文This is ften appreciated since at a husewarming there isn' t a lt f fd served.(这一点通常是值得赞赏的，因为在乔迁派对上不会提供很多食物)。指出因为新搬家，所以主人不会准备太丰盛的食物或太多的活动。那么本句是在建议你可以带上自己的食物或饮料与其他客人分享搬家，所以主人不会准备太丰盛的食物或太多的活动。C项：你也可以带上食物或饮料与其他客人分享。故选C。
39. A本段提到在乔迁聚会上人们会聚餐，主人带领客人参观新家。上句提到，由于乔迁聚会是在搬进新家后不久举行的，人们可能会被要求帮助打开箱子。根据常识可知在乔迁聚会上让客人们帮忙干活是不常见的，A项：但这并不常见。表达了此意，与上文衔接，故选A。
40.G 上句介绍了乔迁聚会名称的由来，根据bring firewd t a new hme as a gift.可知人们会带柴火作为礼物，那么本空承接上文说明了带柴火的目的和作用。G项：这样人们就可以在冬天的时候保持家里温暖。符合语境。故选G。
2020年北京卷
Many peple think that psitive thinking is mstly abut keeping ne's head in the sand and ignring daily prblems, trying t lk ptimistic. In reality it has mre t d with the way an individual talks t himself. Self-talk is a cnstant stream f thughts f a persn, wh is ften unaware and uncertain f sme events, phenmena, peple, r even the persn himself.____46____Meanwhile, psitive thinking can help t stp negative self-talks and start t frm a psitive view n an issue. Peple wh regularly practise psitive thinking tend t slve prblems mre effectively. They are less expsed t stress caused by external factrs. They tend t believe in themselves and in what they d.
____47____Peple wh think psitively demnstrate increased life spans, lwer rates f depressin and anxiety, better physical and psychlgical health, reduced risks f death frm heart prblems. Psitive thinking als cntributes t ne's ability t deal with prblems and hardships.____48____Fr example, researchers have fund that in the case f a crisis accmpanied by strng emtins, such as a natural disaster, psitive thinking can prvide a srt f buffer against depressin and anxiety. Resilient peple wh think psitively tend t treat every prblem as a challenge, a chance fr imprvement f any kind, r as an pprtunity fr persnal grwth. Pessimists, n the cntrary, tend t perceive prblems as a surce f additinal stress.____49____
In cnclusin, psitive thinking is a pwerful and effective tl fr dealing with hard times and imprving the quality f ne's life. It desn't have anything t d with ignrant ptimism when an individual refuses t ntice a prblem.____50____
Thinking in a psitive, self-encuraging way brings abut many benefits t ne's physical and mental health.
A. It desn't cause any severe emtinal discmfrt, either.
B. Negative self-talk damages self-cnfidence and decreases self-respect.
C. It helps ne t remain clear-headed and cnfident in difficult situatins.
D. Psitive thinking has several beneficial effects n the bdy and the mind.
E. As thinking changes, an individual's behaviur and habits change as well.
F. They ften ffer a real alternative t the cmmn and regular way f thinking.
G. They ften feel discuraged lng befre trying t slve the prblem, even if small.
【答案】46. B 47. D 48. C 49. G 50. A
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了积极思考对人产生的各种益处，同时将积极思考者与悲观主义者相比较，分析两种人的差异。积极思维是应对困难时期和提高个人生活质量的强大而有效的工具。
【46题详解】
根据上文“Self-talk is a cnstant stream f thughts f a persn, wh is ften unaware and uncertain f sme events, phenmena, peple, r even the persn himself.(自我对话是一个人持续不断的想法，他常常对一些事件、现象、人，甚至是他自己都没有意识和不确定)”以及后文“Meanwhile, psitive thinking can help t stp negative self-talks and start t frm a psitive view n an issue.(同时，积极的思考可以帮助停止消极的自我对话，开始形成对一个问题的积极的观点)”由此可知，上文对自我对话进行了定义，后文则提到了积极的思考可以有助于停止消极的自我对话，可知本句是在说明消极的自我对话对人的不良影响。后文中negative self-talks可对应到B选项中Negative self-talk。故B选项“消极的自言自语会损害自信，降低自尊”符合语境，故选B。
【47题详解】
根据后文“Peple wh think psitively demnstrate increased life spans, lwer rates f depressin and anxiety, better physical and psychlgical health, reduced risks f death frm heart prblems. Psitive thinking als cntributes t ne's ability t deal with prblems and hardships.(积极思考的人寿命更长，抑郁和焦虑率更低，身心更健康，死于心脏问题的风险更低。积极的思考也有助于一个人处理问题和困难的能力)”由此可知，后文提到了积极思考对人的益处，后文中Peple wh think psitively以及Psitive thinking可对应到D选项中Psitive thinking。故D选项“积极思考对身心有几个有益的影响”符合语境，故选D。
【48题详解】
根据后文“Fr example, researchers have fund that in the case f a crisis accmpanied by strng emtins, such as a natural disaster, psitive thinking can prvide a srt f buffer against depressin and anxiety.(例如，研究人员发现，当危机伴随着强烈的情绪时，比如自然灾害，积极的思考可以为抑郁和焦虑提供一种缓冲)”可知，后文举出的例子说明了积极思考可以让一个人在面临危机时，保持冷静。故C选项“它帮助一个人在困难的情况下保持头脑清醒和自信”符合语境，故选C。
【49题详解】
根据上文“Resilient peple wh think psitively tend t treat every prblem as a challenge, a chance fr imprvement f any kind, r as an pprtunity fr persnal grwth. Pessimists, n the cntrary, tend t perceive prblems as a surce f additinal stress.(积极思考的、有韧性的人倾向于把每一个问题都看作是一个挑战，一个改进的机会，或者一个个人成长的机会。相反，悲观主义者倾向于将问题视为额外压力的来源)可知，上文在将积极思考者与悲观主义者相比较，本句应承接上文，进一步解释说明悲观主义者在解决问题时一些性格特点。上文Pessimists可对应到G选项中They。故G选项“他们常常在试图解决问题之前就感到气馁，即使是很小的问题”符合语境，故选G。
【50题详解】
根据上文“In cnclusin, psitive thinking is a pwerful and effective tl fr dealing with hard times and imprving the quality f ne's life. It desn't have anything t d with ignrant ptimism when an individual refuses t ntice a prblem. (总之，积极思考是应对困难时期和提高个人生活质量的强大而有效的工具。当一个人拒绝注意到一个问题时，它与无知的乐观主义没有任何关系)”可知，本句承接上文进一步说明一个人拒绝注意到问题的影响，它与无知的乐观主义没有任何关系，也不会引起任何严重的情绪不适。故A选项“它也不会引起任何严重的情绪不适”符合语境，故选A。
2020·山东卷
Sme individuals are brn with a gift fr public speaking.16. D yu want t be a gd public speaker? Here are sme principles yu must master.
Peple want t listen t smene wh is interesting, relaxed and cmfrtable. T ften when yu stand up t give a speech, yu fcus n the “public”at the expense f the”speaking. “ 17. Fcus n the speaking. Talk directly t yur audience, be yurself and make a cnnectin.
Even the mst successful public speaker will make mistakes. Yet, the nly ne wh cares abut any mistake is the ne wh is speaking. Peple’s attentin wanders cnstantly. In fact,mst peple nly absrb abut 20 percent f a speaker’s message. S, dn’t stp speaking when yu make a mistake unless it’s a truly serius ne.18.
Yur gal is nt t be a perfect public speaker.19. And like everything else in life, that takes practice. Remember, even wrld champin athletes practice their skills n a cnsistent basis.
20. It’s rare t hear smene say, “I wish that speaker had spken lnger. “On the ther hand, yu prbably can’t cunt the times that yu’ve thught, “I’m glad that talk is ver. It seemed t g n frever! “S surprise yur audience. Always make yur presentatin just a bit shrter than anticipated. It’s better t leave yur listeners wishing fr mre than shifting restlessly in their seats waiting fr yur speech finally t end.
A. D the ppsite.
B. Yu want t be an effective public speaker.
C. Yu dn’ t need t aplgize fr a minr slip.
D. When it cmes t public speaking, less is usually mre.
E.The bjective f mst speeches is t benefit the audience
F.Take the fear ut f public speaking by fcusing n yur listeners
G.Hwever, the majrity f peple are effective speakers because they train t be.
【答案】16. G 17. A 18. C 19. B 20. D
【文章大意】本文是说明文。文章介绍了成为好的演讲者需要掌握的一些原则。
16.G 本文主题是介绍成为好的演讲者要掌握的一些原则。上句提到有些人生来就有演讲的天赋。G项:然而，大多数人之所以能成为有影响的演讲者，是因为他们受过训练。与上句转折，引出本文主题--演讲者要训练。故选G。
17.A 下句Fcus n the speaking.是本段主题，建议演讲者把注意力集中在演讲上。上句提到一种常见现象，当站起来发表演讲时，演讲者往往会把注意力放在”公众”上，而不是”演讲”上。这是错误的做法，A项D the ppsite.承上启下，说明了上句做法的错误，引出了下句正确的做法。故选A。
18.C 本段提到即使成功的演讲者也会犯错误，观众不会太在意你的错误。上句建议当出错时不要停止演讲，除非是非常严重的错误。C项:你不需要为一个小失误道歉。与上句承接，是对待演讲出错的方法。故选C。
19. B本段是说明练习的重要性。上句提到你的目标不是成为一个完美的演说家，下句应该说明目标是什么。B. Yu want t be an effective public speaker.与上句衔接，是我们演讲的真正目的。故选B。
20.D 下文提到观众并不是认为演讲越长越好，根据 Always make yur presentatin just a bit shrter than anticipated.可知，作者建议让演讲比预期的短一点，给观众更多的期待胜过让他们坐立不安地等待演讲结束。D项:公开演讲时，通常少就是多。说明了演讲时，多和少的辩证关系。故选D。
2020.7·浙江卷
I experienced years f lneliness as a child. 31. His friends teased him abut babysitting his sister and his interests were far different frm mine. With n ther kids f my age in the neighbrhd, I had t spend hurs by myself.
A bright spt fr me turned ut t be reading. My lve f the written wrd began early as my mther read t me every evening. 32. I started reading bks n my wn befre age 5 and my mther tk me t the public library nce a week t brrw several bks. I quickly graduated frm typical children’s bks t nes with fewer pictures and lnger chapters. Reading pened new wrlds t me. 33.
My mther als encuraged me t make what I wanted. I tried making ty cars with cardbard bxes and cnstructing buildings frm leftver cardbard and bits f wd my father gave me. When my mther saw my creatins, she tld me hw creative my designs were. 34. I learned a lt abut hw t extend the life f bjects and transfrm them int smething new and useful. It was a trait(特点) thers fund helpful, and I sn had friends wh wanted t make things with me.
35. My parents made it a pint fr their tw kids t spend time utside, n matter the weather r seasn. My brther, f curse, raced ff t be with his friends, while I had plenty t d myself. There was making leaf huses in autumn, ice skating in winter, and s much mre. They’re all memries I treasure tday.
A. I wasn't alne any lnger.
B. I enjyed reading stries alud.
C. I was invited t play with anther kid.
D. I lved the clrful phtgraphs in the bks.
E. Anther habit I frmed early was being utdrs.
F.Thus, I began my lifelng interest in making things.
G.My lder brther culdn’t be bthered t play with me.
【答案】31. G 32. D 33. A 34. F 35. E
【文章大意】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者养成几个生活习惯的原因。
31.G 设空在段中，应是承前启后句。根据后文“His friends teased him abut babysitting his sister and his interests were far different frm mine”可知，设空句应提及“his”的身份，即G项中的“My elder brther”，且G项“我哥哥懒得和我一起玩”在此起到了承上启下的作用。故选G项。故选G项。
32. D根据前句提到“我对文字的爱始于母亲每天晚上给我读故事的时候”可知，D项“我喜欢书中的彩色照片”和上句构成进一步说明。同时D项中的“书”指代上句提到的母亲每天给我读故事的书。D项切题。故选D项。
33.A 根据前句提到“阅读为我打开了新世界”可知，A项“我不在孤独”和上句构成了因果关系。A项切题。故选A项。
34.F 根据前句“当我的母亲看到我的创作时，她说我的设计很有创意”可知，F项“于是，我开始对制造东西产生了长久的兴趣”和上句构成因果关系，我正是在听了母亲那句话后才开始了对制造东西产生兴趣。F项切题。故选F项。
35.E 根据后句“无论天气或季节，我的父母都要让他们的两个孩子花时间在户外”可知，E项“我很早养成的另一个习惯是去户外”和前句表示因果逻辑。作者有去户外的习惯是因为后句提到的父母的影响。E项切题。故选E项。
2020年1月浙江卷
Let's take a minute t think abut the water we use. The human bdy is 60% water and we need t drink lts f water t be healthy. When we are thirsty we just g t the kitchen and fill a glass with clean water.
1 Fr example, farmers, wh prduce the fd we eat, use water t make the plants grw. When we turn n a light r switch n a TV r a cmputer we use energy and we need water t prduce this energy.
The truth is that we are lucky enugh t have clean water whenever we want, but this is nt the case fr many peple arund the wrld. 2 That's arund ne in 10 peple in the wrld. If we drink dirty water, we can catch diseases frm the bacteria and becme ill. Every year ver 500, 000 children die frm diarrhea（腹泻）frm dirty water. That's arund 1, 400 children every day! Als, in sme cuntries children walk many kil metres every day t get water. 3 Therefre, they dn't have time t learn hw t read r write and dn't get an educatin.
4 On this day every year, cuntries arund the wrld hld events t educate peple abut the prblems f dirty water and that clean water is smething that everyne shuld have arund the wrld. At ne schl in the UK, children between the ages f 10 and 15 walk 6 km with six litres f water. 5 Peple give them mney t d this and all the mney helps get clean water t as many peple as pssible arund the wrld.
A.We use water in directly t.
B.Every system in ur bdy depends n water t functin.
C.It is t inspire peple t learn mre abut water-related prblems.
D.If children walk many hurs a day t get water, they can't g t schl.
E.Did yu knw that arund 750 millin peple d nt have clean water t drink?
F.In 1993 the United Natins decided that March 22nd is the Wrld Day fr Water.
G.In this way, they knw hw it feels t walk a lng distance carrying heavy bttles.
【答案】AEDFG
【解析】1 ：信息匹配题。根据第一段的描述，主要讲了我们直接补充水分的途径，第二段提到用水种植庄稼、产生能量，因此是间接使用水的情况，A选项 "我们也会间接用水" 符合文意，故选A。
2：信息匹配题。根据该空处后一句话， "那就是说世界上十个人里有一个" ，说明前一句内容和数字相关，E选项 "你知道大约有75亿人没有干净水可以喝吗？" 符合文意，故选E。
3：信息匹配题。根据空格前后句子信息， "在一些国家，孩子们每天走几千公里取水" 、 "因此他们没有时间学习……" , D选项 "如果孩子们每天花很多时间取水，就去不了学校了" 能够连接前后句子，故选D。
4：信息匹配题。根据空格后一句中的n this day "在这天" 可知，前一句涉及到某个日子，F选项 "确定世界水日" 符合文意，故选F。
5：信息匹配题。根据前一句，10到15岁之间的孩子每天带着6升水走路上学，G选项 "通过这个方式，他们就会知道带着沉甸甸的瓶子走很远的路是什么感觉了" 符合文意，故选G。
2019年高考真题
2019·全国卷I
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Is Fresh Air Really Gd fr Yu?
We all grew up hearing peple tell us t “g ut and get sme fresh air.” ____36____ Accrding t recent studies，the answer is a big YES，if the air quality in yur camping area is gd.
___37___ If the air yu’re breathing is clean-which it wuld be if yu’re away frm the smg f cities-then the air is filled with life-giving，energizing xygen. If yu exercise ut f drs，yur bdy will learn t breathe mre deeply，allwing even mre xygen t get t yur muscles(肌肉)and yur brain.
Recently，peple have begun studying the cnnectin between the natural wrld and healing(治愈). _____38_____ In these places patients can g t be near nature during their recvery. It turns ut that just lking at green，grwing things can reduce stress，lwer bld pressure，and put peple int a better md(情绪).Greenery is gd fr us. Hspital patients Wh see tree branches ut their windw are likely t recver at a faster rate than patients wh see buildings r sky instead. ______39______ It gives us a great feeling f peace.
___40___While the sun's rays can age and harm ur skin, they als give is beneficial Vitamin D. T make sure yu get enugh Vitamin D—but still prtect yur skin— put n sunscreen right as yu head utside. It takes sunscreen abut fifteen minutes t start wrking, and that's plenty f time fr yur skin t absrb a day's wrth f Vitamin D.
A. Fresh air cleans ur lungs.
B. S what are yu waiting fr?
C. Being in nature refreshes us.
D. Anther side benefit f getting fresh air is sunlight.
E. But is fresh air really as gd fr yu as yur mther always said?
F. Just as imprtantly, we tend t assciate air with health care.
G. All acrss the cuntry, recvery centers have begun building Healing Gardens.
【参考答案】EAGCD
【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了新鲜空气的好处：新鲜空气中的氧气，阳光对人们的身心健康均有好处。人们已经开始利用大自然和治愈疾病的关系，建造“康复花园”，治疗病人了。
36.E
根据下一句中的“the answer is a big YES”可知，该空应该是一个一般疑问句，选项中只有E选项是一般疑问句。故选E：但是新鲜空气真得像你母亲说的那样对你有好处吗？空前的peple tell us t “g ut and get sme fresh air”和选项中的“yur mther always said”亦是呼应。
37.A
根据下一句中提到的“If the air yu’re breathing is clean…the air is filled with life-giving, energizing xygen”可知，新鲜空气充满赋予人生命的，充满活力的氧气。下文中“…breathe mre deeply, allwing mre xygen t get t yur muscles and yur brain”是对前文的递进：在户外，更多的氧气进入你的肌肉和大脑。根据前面的分析可以推知，该空应该提到新鲜空气的基本作用，根据常识，我们知道吸入的空气首先进入的是肺部，然后才会使我们的肌肉和大脑受益，故该空应选A选项：新鲜空气清洁我们的肺部。
38.G
根据下一句中提到的“these places”可以推知，该空应该提到表示地点的复数名词。选项中只有G选项提到该类名词，故选项G：在全国，康复中心已经开始建造“康复花园”。these places就是指Healing Gardens。
39.C
前文介绍的是“康复花园”中的绿色植物对于病人康复的好的作用：绿色的正在成长的植物可以减轻压力，降低血压，使人情绪良好。空后提到“它给我们一种平和感”。该空起承上启下的作用，仍然要提到处于“康复花园”这种自然环境中的好处，空后的it也要指代这种情况。故C选项切题：身处大自然可以使人精神焕发。
40.D
根据下文中提到的“the sun’s rays…give us beneficial Vitamin D”可知，该段介绍的阳光的好处。故该选项应该提到阳光。选项中只有D选项涉及阳光。故选D：获得新鲜空气的另一个好处是阳光。
2019·全国卷II
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Imagine a child standing n a diving bard fur feet high and asking himself the questin:“Shuld I jump? This is what mtivatin r the lack f it can d. Mtivatin and gal setting are the tw sides f same cin. ___36___Like the child n the diving bard, yu will stay undecided.
___37___ Mre than that, hw shuld yu stay mtivated t achieve the gal? First, yu need t evaluate yurself , yur values yur strengths, yur weaknesses, yur achievements, yur desires ,etc. Only then shuld yur yu’re yur gals
Yu als need t judge the quality and depth f yur mtivatin. This is quite imprtant, because it is directly related t yur cmmitment. There are times when yur heart is nt in yur wrk. ___38___ S, slw dwn and think what yu really want t d at that mment. Clarity(清晰)f thughts can help yu mve frward.
Anther way f setting realistic gals is t analyze yur shrt and lng term bjectives, keeping in mind yur beliefs, values and strengths. Remember that gals are flexible.____39____ They als need t be measurable. Yu must keep these pints in mind while setting yur gals.
Yur persnal circumstances are equally imprtant. Fr example, yu may want t be a Pilt but can’t becme ne because yur eyesight is nt gd enugh.____40____Yu shuld reassess yur gals, and mtivate yurself t set a fresh gal.
Yu will surely need t vercme sme difficulties, sme planned, but mst unplanned. Yu cannt vercme them withut ample mtivatin. Make sure that yu plan fr these difficulties at the time f setting yur gals.
A. This can affect yur wrk.
B. S hw shuld yu mtivate yurself?
C. Hwever, this shuld nt discurage yu.
D. S why shuld we try t set specific gals?
E. They can change accrding t circumstances.
F. Mtivatin is what yu need mst t d a gd jb.
G. Withut mtivatin yu can neither set a gal nr reach it
【参考答案】GBAEC
【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。文章作者对于怎样设定具体目标，给出了一些方法。
36.G
上文说“动机和目标设定是同一枚硬币的两面”。下文说“就像孩子在跳水台，难以决定”。该空承上启下，G选项“没有目标，你就既不能设定目标，也无法实现它”切题，故选G。
37.B
下文说“不仅如此，你应该如何为实现你的目标保持积极性”。该空引出下文，B选项“那么你应该如何激励自己呢”切题，故选B。
38.A
上文说“有时候你的心不在工作上”，下文说“所以，减慢速度，想一想那时候，你到底想干什么”。该空承上启下，A选项“这会影响你的工作”切题，故选A。
39.E
上文说“记得，目标是灵活的”。该空承接上文，E选项“它们会根据环境的改变而改变”切题，故选E。
40.C
上文说“你可能想当一名飞行员，但是不能成为一名飞行员，因为你的视力不够好。”下文说“你应该重新评估你的目标，并且设定一个新的目标”。该空承上启下，C选项“然而，这也不要使你沮丧”切题，故选C。
2019·全国卷III
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
In an nline class, develping healthy patterns f cmmunicatin with prfessrs is very imprtant. ___36___ While I have nly listed tw f each, there are bviusly many ther situatins that can arise. Students shuld be able t extend the lgic(逻辑)f each t their particular circumstance.
D's
• ___37___ Questins abut subject cntent are generally welcmed. Befre asking questins abut the curse design, read the syllabus(教学大纲)and learning management system infrmatin t be sure the answer isn't hiding in plain sight.
• Participate in discussin frums(论坛), blgs and ther pen-ended frums fr dialgue. ___38___ Be sure t stay n tpic and nt ffer irrelevant infrmatin. Make a pint, and make it safe fr thers t d the same.
Dn'ts
• Dn't share persnal infrmatin r stries. Prfessrs are nt trained nurses, financial aid experts r yur best friends. If yu are in need f a deadline extensin, simply explain the situatin t the prfessr. ___39___
• Dn't penly express annyance at a prfessr r class. ___40___ When a student attacks a prfessr n the scial media, the language used actually says mre abut the student. If there is truly a cncern abut a prfessr's prfessinalism r ability, be sure t use nline curse evaluatins t calmly ffer yur cmments.
A. That's what they are fr.
B. Turn t an nline instructr fr help.
C. If mre infrmatin is needed, they will ask.
D. Remember that nline prfessrs get a lt f emails.
E. Belw are sme cmmn d's and dn' ts fr nline learners.
F. Everyne has taken a nt-s-great class at ne time r anther.
G. Ask questins, but make sure they are gd, thughtful questins.
【参考答案】EGACF
【语篇解读】本文为说明文。在网络课堂上，与教授建立健康的交流模式是非常重要的，作者在文中列举了一些规矩与禁忌。
36.E
根据文章段落结构和本段首句In an nline class, develping healthy patterns f cmmunicatin with prfessrs is very imprtant，可知，在网络课堂上，与教授建立健康的交流模式是非常重要的，作者在下文中列举了一些规矩与禁忌，故选项E符合语境。
37.G
根据其后一句Questins abut subject cntent are generally welcmed.（与课程内容相关的问题是受欢迎的），解释了什么样的问题是好问题，可知，与G项“make sure they are gd, thughtful questins”相呼应，要提一些好的令人深思的问题，故选G。
38.A
根据前一句 Participate in discussin frums（论坛）, blgs and ther pen-ended frums fr dialgue.可知，要参与论坛讨论、博客和其他开放式的对话论坛。而这正是网络课堂采用的交流的途径，故选A。
39.C
根据本段Prfessrs are nt trained nurses, financial aid experts r yur best friends教授不是训练有素的护士，不是经济援助专家，也不是你最好的朋友，可知，不要分享个人信息或故事，如果他们需要更多信息的话，他们会主动问起的，故选项C符合语境。
40.F
通读本段，并根据本段主题句Dn’t penly express annyance at a prfessr r class.告诫读者，每个人都可能曾经上过不太好的课，不要在社交媒体上攻击教授，不要公开表达对教授或班级的不满，要利用课程评价冷静地提出你的意见。选项F符合上下文语境。
2019·北京卷
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Much f the wrk in tday’s wrld is accmplished(完成)in teams. Mst peple believe the best way t build a great team is t gather a grup f the mst talented individuals._____46_____Cmpanies spend millins hiring tp business peple. Is their mney well spent？
___47___They fcused n ftball，basketball and baseball. The results are mixed Fr ftball and basketball，adding talented players t a team prves a gd methd，but nly up t the pint where 70% f the players are tp talent；abve that level, the team’s perfrmance begins t decline. Interestingly，this trend isn’t evident in baseball. where additinal individual talent keeps imprving the team’s perfrmance.
T explain this phenmenn，the researchers explred the degree t which a gd perfrmance by a team requires its members t crdinate(协调)their actins.______48______In baseball，the perfrmance f individual players is less dependent n teammates. They cnclude that when task interdependence is high，team perfrmance will suffer when there is t much talent，while individual talent will have psitive effects n team perfrmance when task interdependence is lwer. If a basketball star is. fr example，trying t gain a high persnal pint ttal，he may take a sht himself when it wuld be better t pass the ball t a teammate，affecting the team's perfrmance. Yung children learning t play team sprts are ften tld，“There is n I in TEAM.”___49___
Anther pssibility is that when there is a lt f talent n a team，sme players may make less effrt. Just as in a game f tug-f-war(拔河比赛)，whenever a persn is added，everyne else pulls the rpe with less frce.
___50___.An A-team may require a balance-nt just A players，but a few generus B players as well.
A. It's nt a simple matter t determine the nature f talent.
B. Sprts team wners spend millins f dllars attracting tp talent
C. The grup interactin and its effect drew the researchers' attentin.
D. Stars apparently d nt fllw this basic principle f sprtsmanship.
E. Several recent studies examined the rle f talent in the sprts wrld.
F. Building up a dream team is mre cmplex than simply hiring the best talent.
G. This task interdependence distinguishes baseball frm ftball and basketball.
【参考答案】BEGDF
【语篇解读】这是一篇夹叙夹议的文章。文章主要讲了建立一支最佳阵容球队比简单地雇佣最优秀的人才要复杂得多。一支一流球队可能需要一种平衡——不仅仅是最好球员，也需要一些优雅量的普通球员。
46.B
上文说“大多数人相信建立一个伟大团队的最好方法就是聚集一群最有天赋的人
个人”。下文说“公司花费数百万雇佣顶级商业人士。”该空承上启下，也是在举例，B选项“运动队老板花费数百万美元吸引顶尖人才。”切题，故选B。
47.E
下文说“他们专注于足球、篮球和篮球。结果有好有坏。”该空引出下文，E选项“最近的几项研究调查了体育世界中人才的作用。”切题，故选E。
48.G
上文说“为了解释这一现象，研究人员探索了一场好的表现要求队员们协调他们行动的程度”，下文说明了研究结果，该空承上启下，G选项“这项任务的相互依赖性使棒球区别于足球和篮球。”切题，故选G。
49.D
上文说了“一个球星为了个人得分，而影响团队的表现”，该空承接上文，D选项“球星显然没有遵守运动员精神的基本原则”切题，故选D。
50.F
下文说“一支一流球队可能需要一种平衡——不仅仅是最好球员，也需要一些优雅量的普通球员。”该空引出下文，F选项“建立一支最佳阵容球队比简单地雇佣最优秀的人才要复杂得多。”切题，故选F。
2019.6·浙江卷
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Rck music cnsists f many different styles. Even thugh there is a cmmn spirit amng all music grups, they make very different music. ___31___ At that time the Beatles entered the wrld f music frm Liverpl.
After they were given an invitatin t appear live n BBC, the Beatles quickly became famus in Britain with natinwide turs. By mid-1963, the Beatles had been extremely ppular in England. ___32___ They held large cncerts and perfrmed at clubs. They became the httest thing n the pp music scene in England. They began as a mdestly successful musician grup and ended the year as shw business legends(传说). Jhn Lennn and Paul McCartney were named cmpsers f the year.
___33___ They were nt sure hw the Americans wuld react t the new type f music. Beatlemania hit New Yrk n February 7, 1964. Hundreds f fans jammed the airprt t greet them. ___34___ The cncert was bradcast live and attracted the largest ne night audience in the histry f televisin up t that time. The Beatles were described as a British invasin(入侵)by lcal and natinwide newspapers at that time. Their victry in America was still remembered as a majr turning pint in the histry f rck and rll. Thanks t the Beatles, a lt f pprtunities were pened up t new faces n the market. ___35___
A. They decided n a tur t the United States in 1964.
B. Even their hairstyles became majr trends at that time.
C. Rck music develped in the 1950s and the early 1960s.
D. Hwever, their sngs changed the lives f generatins t cme.
E. Many rck bands were able t fllw in the ftsteps f the Beatles.
F. They appeared in the films A Hard Day's Night(1964)and Help！(1965).
G. They perfrmed their first cncert in America at CBS televisin's 53rd street studi.
【参考答案】CBAGE
【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文中讲述了披头士的发展和影响，引领了一种潮流趋势。
31. C
第一段讲述摇滚音乐，根据空后的at that time可知前句提到了时间，而且与rck music有关，选项中只有C 项讲的是摇滚音乐，并且讲述了其发展的时间，故选C。
32. B
空前后都是讲述披头士的出名程度，根据空前extremely ppular in England, 以及后文的they became the httest thing可知此处描述了他们的影响，选项B （甚至他们的发型在那时也成为了一种潮流）符合文意，且关键词even是一个提示，故选B。
33.A
根据空后They were nt sure hw the Americans wuld react t the new type f music.（他们不确定美国人怎样反应），可知他们首次来美国演出，所以A项（决定首次到美国开巡回演出）符合文意，故选A。
34. G
根据空后The cncert was bradcast live…可知前句中应该出现cncert，选项G中的关键词their first cncert 前后呼应。故选G。
35. E
根据空前（由于披头士，市场上出现了很多机会），E项（很多新乐队（新面孔）都是模仿披头士），符合逻辑。故选E。