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2025届高考英语二轮复习阅读理解强化100题（8）（含解析）
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这是一份2025届高考英语二轮复习阅读理解强化100题（8）（含解析），共15页。
As an evlutinary bilgist, bviusly, it wuld be amazing t bring back extinct creatures. But even if we can bring them back, we are nt ging t be able t cntrl hw they will evlve in the future. N man is an island and neither is any ther creature. We need an ecsystem in rder t survive. S we can think a lt abut the examples f reintrducing species int the envirnment, like the gray wlves int Yellwstne Natinal Park. Eclgy is very cmplicated and it certainly wasn't imprtant when we first intrduced rabbits int Australia, which was a ttal disaster eventually.
All animals like birds and mammals have t learn frm their parents. If we bring them back t life, wh are ging t be arund t teach them? We have examples where in Califrnia we've had the reprductin f the cndrs(大秃鹰). What scientists tried t d is feed the babies using a mther cndr puppet. When these pr creatures were released int the wild, they had an unnatural liking fr humans. They didn't behave the way they shuld have, fr cndrs.
Accrding t Perfrming Animal Welfare Sciety, a healthy elephant csts abut $70,000 per year t care fr and an elderly elephant csts a gd deal mre. Of curse, we are nt talking abut ne. We're talking abut many creatures. I dn't think these creatures will have a future.
1.Why des the authr mentin the film in the first paragraph?
A.T recall an amazing mvie.B.T prmte sme extinct species.
C.T intrduce the tpic t be discussed.D.T get t knw sme intelligent scientists.
2.What des the authr want t tell us by the examples in Paragraph 2?
A.Humans need a balanced ecsystem t survive.
B.T bring back extinct creatures was an unwise idea.
C.Helping endangered species prved t be beneficial t humans.
D.There were all srts f psitive effects f reintrducing species.
3.Which animal didn't act in its wn way?
A.The cndr.B.The gray wlf.
C.The rabbit.D.The elephant.
4.What can be a suitable title fr the text?
A.Is Jurassic Park an Amazing Mvie?
B.What D Creatures Need t Survive?
C.Shuld We Bring Extinct Animals Back t Life?
D.Hw Des an Evlutinary Bilgist Prtect Animals?
2. Mst kids can walk int a library r bkstre and find hundreds f bks t read. But it's nt that simple fr kids wh are blind. They read in a different way. Jenny Lee and ther braille(布莱叶盲文) transcribers take the printed wrds f a bk and change them int a cde f raised dts. Blind peple can read these dts with their fingers. T knw what braille feels like, take a ballpint pen and press hard nt a piece f paper. Then turn the paper ver and tuch the raised dt made by the pen pint.
When Lee first saw the dts f the braille alphabet, she wndered if she'd ever be able t read and write them easily. She tk a class and practiced hard fr abut six mnths befre she passed the final exam: she had t cnvert 35 pages f a bk int braille. Tday, Lee wrks fr a publisher. One f her jbs is t change children's bks int braille.
T d this, Lee first types the stry int a cmputer and then uses a cmputer prgram t translate it int the braille cde. Next, she lks ver the translatin several times t make sure it's mistake-free. After that, a cpy f the braille stry is printed with a special printer. Then Lee and a prfreader wrk tgether t find and crrect any mistake. When a bk is ready, many cpies f it are printed. Afterward, sme are sld thrugh websites and thers are sent t libraries.
Smetimes, ging ver a stry again and again gets tiring. That's when Lee takes a break. Several f Jenny Lee's c-wrkers, wh are blind, use guide dgs. When the animals aren't wrking, Lee likes spending a few minutes with them. T her, playing with dgs "is always a pick-me-up in the middle f the day".
"I lve this missin," Lee says. "Thrugh my brain pwer and my fingers, I am putting the dts int sme kids' hands."
1.Hw des the writer explain what braille feels like?
A.By explaining what braille wrds lk like.B.By describing hw blind peple read bks.
C.By asking readers t experience it themselves.D.By giving examples f different braille wrds.
2.What was Lee's first reactin t braille?
A.She was excited t get a new skill.B.She was amazed at the clever idea.
C.She realized she culd teach it herself.D.She believed it wuld be difficult t learn.
3.What des the underlined part "pick-me-up" in Paragraph 4 mst prbably mean?
A.A discussin t release wrk stress.B.Smething t imprve ne's appetite.
C.Smething t help restre ne's spirits.D.A free ride accmpanied by a guide dg.
4.What des Lee think f her jb?
A.Prfitable and hpeful.B.Tiring but meaningful.
C.Relaxing and helpful.D.Bring but challenging.
3.An Ageless Questin: When Is Smene "Old"?
What des "ld" really mean these days? This isn't a meaningless questin—nt nly des the definitin f "ld" have an ut-sized impact n hw we feel abut urselves (nt t mentin hw thers view us), but it als matters t plicymakers determining hw t plan fr aging ppulatins.
The United Natins histrically has defined lder persns as peple aged 60 years and ver (smetimes 65). It didn't matter whether yu lived in the United States, China r Senegal, even thugh life expectancy is quite different in each f thse cuntries. Everyne became ld at 60.
Researchers Sergei Scherbv and Warren Sandersn, wh study aging, are suggesting verturning the ne-size-fits-all definitin f "ld" acrss the glbe. Instead, they talk abut "prspective age", which lks t the future. Everyne with the same prspective age has the same expected remaining years f life.
Scherbv explained "yung" and "ld" are relative cncepts, and that their cmmn reference pint is life expectancy. It makes sense that "ld" wuld vary between natins, especially between mre- and less-develped cuntries, with differences in educatin, death rates, access t health care and life expectancy.
But wh is "ld" als varies widely between individuals. The pint, Scherbv says, is that persnal age is dependent n ur "characteristics"—understanding abilities, disability, health histry and even educatin levels. Thse with mre educatin tend nt t smke, exercise mre frequently, have better diets and have regular checkups—and, therefre, live lnger, meaning the beginning f their ld age cmes later, says Scherbv.
1.What is the first paragraph mainly abut?
A.Hw we feel abut urselves.B.Hw thers view us.
C.The imprtance f the definitin f "ld".D.The plan fr aging ppulatins.
2.What des the underlined phrase "prspective age" in Paragraph 3 refer t accrding t the text?
A.The expected remaining years f ne's life.B.The beginning f ne's ld age.
C.The differences f ur "characteristics".D.The age when ne becmes ld.
3.What similarity des Scherbv think "yung" and "ld" have?
A.The definitin.B.The age range.
C.The death rates.D.The reference pint.
4.Which f the fllwing helps ne t live lnger?
A.Exercising as much as pssible.B.Lsing weight.
C.Studying histry.D.Imprving the educatin level.
4. Dgs can't speak, but their brains respnd t spken wrds. Every dg wner knws that saying "Gd dg!" in a happy, high vice will make their pet jyfully wag its tail. That made scientists curius: What exactly happens in yur dg's brain when it hears praise, and is it similar t the way ur wn brain prcesses such infrmatin?
When a persn gets thers' cmpliments, the mre primitive, subcrtical auditry regins(皮层下听觉区) first react t the intnatin—the emtinal frce f spken wrds. Next, the brain taps the mre recently evlved auditry crtex(听觉皮层) t figure ut the meaning f the wrds, which is learned.
In 2016, a team f scientists discvered that dgs' brains, like thse f humans, cmpute the intnatin and meaning f a wrd separately—althugh dgs use their right brain t d s, whereas we use ur left ne. Still, a puzzle remained: D their brains g thrugh the same steps t prcess apprval?
It's an imprtant questin, because dgs are a speechless species, yet they respnd crrectly t ur wrds. Fr instance, sme dgs are capable f recgnizing thusands f names f individual bjects, and can link each name t a specific bject.
When the scientists studied scans f the brains f pet dgs, they fund that theirs, like urs, prcess the sunds f spken wrds in this manner—analyzing first the emtinal cmpnent with the lder regin f the brain, the subcrtical regins, and then the wrds' meaning with the newer part, the crtex.
See why dgs are s successful in partnering us? Dgs and humans last shared a cmmn ancestr sme 100 millin years ag, s it's likely that ur brains respnd t sunds in a similar way. As dmesticated animals that have evlved alngside humans in ur hmes fr the past 10,000 years, dgs make special use f it t prcess human emtins. Yu knw, what we say really matters t dgs!
1.Which f the fllwing can replace the underlined wrd "dmesticated"?
A.Abrad.B.Hme.C.Gentle.D.Intelligent.
2.What is the first step when a dg's brain ges thrugh t prcess apprval?
A.Linking it t an bject.B.Analyzing the emtin.
C.Wrking ut its meaning.D.Tapping the auditry crtex.
3.Hw des the writer develp the text?
A.By cmparing pinins.B.By raising examples.
C.By prviding answers t questins.D.By analyzing causes and effects.
4.What is the best title fr the text?
A.Dgs—Gd Listeners
B.Dgs—Perfect Partners
C.Dgs and Humans Share a Cmmn Ancestr Actually
D.Dgs Understand Spken Wrds the Same Way We D
5. A new study, published in the jurnal Frntiers in Veterinary Science, reveals that nn-human animals' tears are nt s different frm ur wn. The chemical similarities are s great, in fact, that the cmpsitin f ther species' tears—and hw they're adapted t their envirnments—may prvide insights int better treatments fr human eye disease.
Previusly, scientists had studied clsely nly the tears f a handful f mammals, including humans, dgs, hrses, camels and mnkeys. In the new study, Brazilian veterinarians analyzed the tears f reptiles and birds fr the first time, fcusing n seven species.
Tears, which are released frm tear tubes, frm a film ver the eye that's cmpsed f three ingredients: mucus, water and il. The mucus cats the eye's surface and helps t attach the film t the eye, the water is a natural salty slutin cntaining crucial prteins and minerals, and the il prevents the eye frm drying ut.
Humans are the nly knwn species t prduce emtinal tears; the expressin "crcdile tears", which refers t a persn's phny display f emtin, cmes frm the mysterius tendency f crcdiles t release tears as they eat.
But tears play key rles beynd weeping, ntes Linel Sebbag at Iwa State University, wh was nt invlved in the new research. They help with visin by lubricating and clearing the eye. They als prtect the eye against infectin and prvide nutritin fr the crnea, the eye's clear uter layer, which lacks bld tubes, he says.
Learning hw reptiles and birds use tears may als inspire new medicatins fr cnditins such as dry eye, which ccurs when tear tubes dn't prduce enugh il. The disease, cmmn in cats, dgs, and peple, can smetimes lead t blindness.
1.What is Paragraph 3 mainly abut?
A.The surce f tears.B.The cmpsitin f tears.
C.The classificatin f tears.D.The definitin f tears.
2.What des the underlined wrd "phny" in Paragraph 4 mean?
A.Tricky.B.Regretful.C.Cld.D.False.
3.Which statement des Linel Sebbag agree with?
A.Weeping cntributes t eye disease.B.The crnea has rich bld tubes.
C.Tears il and clear the eyes.D.Mre tears mean better visin.
4.What might be the best title fr the text?
A.Tears, a Barrier t EyesB.A Better Treatment fr the Eye Disease
C.Nn-human Tears Prmise New CuresD.Other Species' Tears Are Similar t Humans'
6.When learning a freign language, mst peple fall back n traditinal methds: reading, writing, listening and repeating. But if yu als gesture with yur arms while studying, yu can remember the vcabulary better, even mnths later. Linking a wrd t brain areas respnsible fr mvement strengthens the memry f its meaning.
As neurscientist Brian Mathias and his clleagues describe in the Jurnal f Neurscience, they had 22 German-speaking adults learn a ttal f 90 invented artificial wrds （such as "lamube" fr "camera" and "atesi" fr "thught"） ver fur days. While the test subjects first heard the new vcabulary, they were simultaneusly （同时地） shwn a vide f a persn making a gesture that matched the meaning f the wrd. When the wrd was repeated, they were suppsed t perfrm the gesture themselves. Five mnths later, they were asked t translate the vcabulary they had learned int German in a multiple-chice test.
At the same time, they had a device attached t their heads that sent weak pulses t their primary mtr crtex （皮层）-the brain area that cntrls vluntary arm mvements. When these interfering （干扰） signals were active, the subjects fund it harder t recall the wrds accmpanied by gestures. When the device sent n interfering signals （but still appeared t the subjects t be active）, they fund it easier t remember the wrds. The researchers cncluded that the mtr crtex cntributed t the translatin f the vcabulary learned with gestures. This applied t cncrete wrds, such as “camera, ” as well as abstract nes, such as “thught. ”
“Our results prvide evidence fr why learning techniques that invlve the bdy's mtr system shuld be used mre ften, ” says Mathias. “I think we underuse gesture in ur classrms. Peple use it spntaneusly （自发地）, if they're gd teachers and gd listeners. But we dn't necessarily bring it int the class if we dn't think abut it. ”
1. What were the subjects required t d in the test?
A. Repeat what ther subjects describe.
B. Fllw what the persn in the vide did.
C. Match the vcabulary with relative pictures.
D. Translate the vcabulary int a freign language.
2. Why were pulses sent t the subjects' mtr crtex?
A. T cntrl their bdy mvements.
B. T shelter ther interfering signals.
C. T identify the functin f the mtr crtex.
D. T cnfirm the abstract thughts in their mind.
3. What is Brian Mathias's expectatin f the research?
A. It will be carried ut mre frequently. B. It will invlve mre cncrete bjects.
C. It will be applied t classrm teaching. D. It will mtivate his clleagues t participate.
4. What is the best title fr the text?
A. Gd Learning Techniques Matter MreB. Repeating Strengthens Memry
C. Bdy Language Betters CmmunicatinD. Gestures Help Learn New Wrds
7.As a financial adviser, my clients cme t me seeking help with grwing their wealth. Perhaps the greatest lessn I share is that being rich isn't a dllar amunt; it is a perceptin that includes happiness, peace f mind, cmfrt and security. There's a big difference between being wealthy and feeling wealthy.
Actually, ne f the best ways I advise thers in building their wealth is this: The secret t having mre is giving mre. Studies have shwn that peple wh vlunteer weekly exhibit an increase in happiness. Dnating yur time makes yu grateful fr all that yu have, and yu'll have the unmatched jy and excitement f knwing yu made a huge impact fr the gd f thers.
Vlunteering enables yu t increase yur relatinship skills and encurages yu t have cnversatins with peple frm very different walks f life. Yu can even make new friends. It is als a wnderful activity that families can d tgether. This has the added benefit f serving as a gd rle mdel t yur children. I am encuraging my kids t vlunteer and experience the pwer f lve fr themselves.
Withut fail, every time I vlunteer, I have cnversatins that change my life in sme way. I was nce vlunteering at a lcal shelter and struck up a cnversatin with ther vlunteers. As we chatted, we all suddenly realized: The massive gratitude f thse receiving help acted like a nuclear bmb ging ff in ur hearts, and it als tuched the ther vlunteers, making us all realize hw truly blessed we are.
Giving ur time, mney and energy gives us a sense f achievement like nthing else. If "wealth" really is a perceptin f happiness, cmfrt and security, we must learn t get utside ur wn experience and understand what wealth means t ther peple.
1. What is the authr's understanding f wealth?
A. It is mre f a state f mind.B. It gives ne the duty t help thers.
C. It has smething t d with finance.D. It lifts peple's spirits like nthing else.
2.What makes a persn appreciate what he has already wned?
A. Winning peple's recgnitin.B.Spending time helping thers.
C.Making a deep impressin n thers.D. Imprving ne's interpersnal skills.
3.What is paragraph 3 mainly abut?
A. Benefits f vlunteering.B.Parents' rles in a family.
C. Imprtance f scial skills.D. Ways f being a vlunteer.
4.Which f the fllwing can be the best title fr the text?
A.A Rad t Real Wealth in LifeB.A Lessn in Wealth Management
C.A Different Way t Pursue HappinessD.A Life-changing Vlunteering Experience
8.When we see smene fr the first time, we interpret many tiny things frm their faces. But since the pandemic began, we have ften been interacting with peple whse faces we can nly half see. And this ges bth ways, weakening ur ability t ffer a friendly smile. S what des it mean t g mre than a year withut seeing smiles as steadily as we did befre?
A 2020 research paper in the Jurnal f Csmetic Dermatlgy fund that dividing the face int a visible half and invisible half might enhance the perceptin f negative emtins and decrease the perceptin f psitive emtins. “Emtins such as surprise that use the muth may be mistaken fr strngly negative emtins such as anger r sadness and a smile may seem diminished r less genuine when the teeth and lips are cvered, the authrs wrte.
Peter Revenaugh has been studying hw peple interpret faces fr years. He knws this firsthand. As a surgen wh ften wears masks arund patients, he is careful t use ther cues t be clear when, fr example, he is making a jke. Sme f my jkes fall flat, he said "because they’re nt really sure. They can’t see me smiling."
Ways t adjust t restricted facial cmmunicatin include making mre f an effrt t analyse psitivity. Peple can emplya cadence(抑扬顿挫)t their speech t guide thers, fr example. Crinkling the crners f the eyes, a lighter tne f the vice, all can help. Revenaugh has tried t use his eyes mre t express meaning. “Our eyes crinkle at the crner when we’re ding a true smile, and mst peple arund the wrld recgnize that as a happy feeling, he said.
And when Revenaugh is with a patient bth masked and he is jking?
“I’ll simply say, 'I’m jking.'" he said.
1. What can be inferred frm paragraph 2?
A. Surprise is mainly expressed thrugh the eyes.
B. Negative emtins always invlve the muth.
C. Half f ur emtins are mistaken due t wearing masks
D. The muth can be very helpful in interpreting an emtin
2. What gives Revenaugh an advantage in understanding the perceptin femtins?
A. His ccupatin.B. His persnality.
C. His sense f humr.D. His interpreting skills.
3. Hw des Revenaugh make sure his jkes dn’t fall flat?
A.By whispering his jkes t peple.
B.By making gestures with his hands.
C.By identifying his patients in a psitive way.
D.By telling his intentin directly t the patients.
4.What culd be the best title f the text?
A.Side Effects f Facial Cmmunicatin B.Bringing Back Smiles in the Pandemic
C.Hw t Imprve Masked Cmmunicatin D.Hw t Change the Way Peple Wear Masks
9.If it weren’t fr passinate peple, this wuld be a dull wrld indeed.
Peter Cavanagh, f Lpez Island certainly qualifies in the passinate categry, having taken 600,000 pictures f birds all ver the wrld in the past 13years. Cavanagh73is a retired prfessr in the University f Washingtn. He minred in math and is an instrument-rated pilt. His pictures mstly capture birds in flight nt n a perch(栖息).
“I have a sense f wnder at flight because it is the mst highly cmplex frm f mvement in the entire animal kingdm,” says Cavanagh. “Humans have spent mre than six centuries trying t imitate bird flight but still have nt prduced flying machines with all f the cmplexity, flexibility and perfrmance that is cmmnplace fr birds.” Fr birds, the math f it all just happens. A small bird such as the American kestrel, the smallest falcn(猎鹰)in ur regin at abut 4 unces, sits and waits fr prey.
Meanwhile, t achieve flight, a 90-tn cmmercial jet is filled with electrnics and cmputer systems. “Birds have flying abilities we have nt cme clse t matching in airplanes,” says Cavanagh. The Ryal Acrnautical Sciety in Lndn, in a January 2021 psting, tld h researchers at the University f Denmark did cmputer design f a Being 777 wing based n a bird’s wings. It was 5% lighter, which matters in fuel csts. In 2019, Airbus prduced a Bird f Prey" design that mimicked the eagle’s wing and tail structure fr flight cntrl.
Cavanagh enjys every minute f waiting and waiting, and waiting, starting at sunrise t capture thse images. “I am happiest in truly wild places where the human is a tlerated guest and they are the wrld f wild animals.”
1. What is Peter Cavanagh’s passin?
A. Math educatin.B. Bird phtgraphy.
C. Airplane engineering. D. Wilderness explratin.
2. Why did the authr mentin the American kestrel?
A.T cmpare the sizes and weights f the birds.
B.T shw the imprtance f math in bimechanics
C.T prve the unmatched flying abilities f birds.
D.T stress the diversity f native American species.
3. What des the underlined wrd “mimicked” mean in paragraph 4?
A. Imitated.B. Abandned.C. Outperfrmed.D. Discvered.
4.Which wrd best describes Peter Cavanagh’s attitude t nature accrding t the last paragraph?
A. Skeptical.B. Respectful.C. Objective.D. Indifferent.
10.When yu travel n a Lndn bus, we want yu t have the best experience pssible. If yu haven’t used ur services befre, here are sme tips fr yur reference.
Face cverings. Yu must wear a face cvering, ver yur nse and muth, fr the full uratin f jurneys n the public transprt netwrk. If yu d nt, yu culd be denied travel, receive a minimum £200 fine which will duble each time yu are caught nt wearing a face cvering, up t £6,400.
Quieter times and places. The quieter times t travel n public transprt are 08:15-16:00 and after 17:30 n weekdays, and befre nn and after 18:00 n weekends. These times may change as schls and ffices start t repen.
Cash-free travel. All buses in Lndn are cash-free. This means yu will need t have an Oyster card cntactless payment, r a valid ticket t travel n a Lndn bus.
Getting ff a bus. Next stp infrmatin is displayed n the infrmatin screens and annunced n all f ur buses. When yur stp is displayed and annunced please press the bell nce and in gd time. This lets the driver knw yu intend t get ff.
Bus Statin Cntrller Offices. Get help with travel advice, rute and bus stp infrmatin and departure times, reprt any safety cncerns r hand in lst prperty.
1. What is required when yu use the bus services?
A. Paying in cash.B. Wearing a mask.
C. Listening fr the bell.D. Travelling at quieter hurs.
2.What can passengers d at the cntrller ffice?
A. Recver lst items. B. Prvide sme services.
C. Read safety instructins. D. Apply fr an Oyster card.
3. Which statin can be travelers’ chice at midnight?
A. Vauxhall.B. Walthamstw.
C. Stratfrd Reginal. D. West Crydn.
答案以及解析
1.答案：1-4 CBAC
解析：1.推理判断题。根据第一段最后一句Nw sme very smart scientists are wrking n a way t revive, nt dinsaurs, but ther extinct species...可知, 作者提到《侏罗纪公园》这部电影是为了引出"是否应该复活灭绝物种"的话题, 故选C项。
2.推理判断题。根据第二段中的 are nt ging t be able t cntrl hw they will evlve in the future.可知, 作者用兔子被引入澳大利亚后造成了一场大灾难的例子来告诉我们, 生态很复杂, 复活灭绝的生物是很不明智的, 故选B项。
3.细节理解题。根据第三段中的When these pr creatures were released int the wild, they had an unnatural liking fr humans. They didn't behave the way they shuld have, fr cndrs.可知, 对于大秃鹰来说, 它们的行为不像正常状态, 故选A项。
4.主旨大意题。通读全文可知, 本文以"是否应该让灭绝的动物复活?"为话题展开讨论, 详细陈述了不支持让灭绝动物复活的原因; C项"我们应该让灭绝的动物复活吗?"为最佳标题, 故选C项。
2.答案：1-4 CDCB
解析：1.细节理解题。根据第一段中的 a ballpint pen and press hard nt a piece f paper. Then turn the paper ver and tuch the raised dt made by the pen pint.可知, 作者让读者触摸圆珠笔在纸上扎出的点, 以此来亲身体验盲文是什么感觉, 故选C项。
2.推理判断题。根据第二段中的When Lee first saw the dts f the braille alphabet, she wndered if she'd ever be able t read and write them easily.可知, 李对自己是否能够轻松阅读并书写盲文存疑, 再结合后文说她努力学习了六个月才通过最终考试可知, 她对盲文的第一反应应是觉得它很难学会, 故选D项。
3.词义猜测题。根据倒数第二段中的Smetimes, ging ver a stry again and again gets few minutes with them.可推知, 这项工作单一重复, 有时会让人疲惫, 但是和狗一起玩的时间会令人放松; C项意为"帮助恢复精神的东西", 与画线处为同义表达, 故选C项。
4.推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中的关键词tiring以及最后一段"Thrugh my brain pwer and my fingers, I am putting the dts int sme kids' hands."可知, 作者认为她的工作虽然累人但有意义, 故选B项。
3.答案：1-4 CADD
解析：1.主旨大意题。第一段中的What des "ld" really mean these days? This isn't a meaningless questin—nt it als...对人什么时候变"老"这一问题的重要性进行了阐述, 由此可推知, 第一段主要是关于"老"的定义的重要性, 故选C项。
2.词义猜测题。根据画线部分后的定语从句which lks t the future以及进一步的解释Everyne with the same prspective age has the same expected remaining years f life.可推知, 画线短语prspective age意为"人的预期剩余寿命", 故选A项。
3.细节理解题。根据第四段中的Scherbv explained "yung" and "ld" are relative cncepts, and that their cmmn reference pint is life expectancy.可知, "年轻"和"年老"是以预期寿命为共同参照点的对相对概念, 由此可推知, 谢尔波夫认为"年轻"和"年老"概念的相似之处是它们的参照点相同, 故选D项。
4.细节理解题。根据最后一段最后一句Thse with mre educatin tend nt t , therefre, live lnger, meaning the beginning f their ld age cmes later, says Scherbv.可知, 受教育程度较高的人寿命更长, 由此可推知, 提高教育水平有助于长寿, 故选D项。
4.答案：1-4 BBCD
解析：1.词义猜测题。根据画线词后的定语从句that have evlved alngside humans in ur hmes fr the past 10,000 years可知, 这些动物在过去的一万年里与人类在家中共同进化, 结合上文的pet dgs和下文的in ur hmes可推知dmesticated意为"驯化的; 家养的", 故选B项。
2.细节理解题。根据第五段中的analyzing first the emtinal cmpnent with the lder regin f the brain可知, 狗的大脑分析夸赞的语言时, 首先要做的是分析话语的情感成分, 故选B项。
3.推理判断题。根据第一段最后一句What exactly happens in yur dg's brain when it hears praise, and is it similar t the way ur wn brain prcesses such infrmatin?和第三段最后一句Still, a puzzle remained: D their brains g thrugh the same steps t prcess apprval?以及最后一段第一句See why dgs are s successful in partnering us?可推知, 本文是通过提出问题并给出答案的方式组织内容的, 故选C项。
4.主旨大意题。文章首段提出疑问"为什么狗能听懂人类讲话?"文章围绕此进行分析, 得出结论, 最后一段中的Dgs and humans last shared a respnd t sunds in a similar way.说明狗和人类大约在一亿年前拥有共同的祖先, 我们的大脑对声音的反应和狗对声音的反应很可能是类似的, 由此可推知, D项"狗理解话语的方式和我们一样"为最佳标题, 故选D项。
5.答案：1-4 BDCC
解析：1.主旨大意题。根据第三段中的Tears, which are released frm tear , water and il.可知, 眼泪在眼睛上形成一层薄膜, 由三种成分组成: 黏液、水和油脂。下文具体阐释三种成分, 由此可推知, 第三段主要讲了眼泪的成分, 故选B项。
2.词义猜测题。根据画线词所在句可知, 鳄鱼流泪不是因为情感, 而是因为鳄鱼进食的时候会流泪, 所以"鳄鱼的眼泪"指的是一个人虚假的情感表达, 由此可推知画线词phny意为"虚假的", 故选D项。
3.细节理解题。由题干中的Linel Sebbag可定位至倒数第二段, 由该段中的But tears play key rles beynd weeping, ntes Linel Sebbag at Iwa State clearing the eye.可知, 莱昂内尔•塞巴格指出, 眼泪除了起哭泣的作用, 还通过润滑和清洁眼睛来对视力产生帮助, 由此可推知, 莱昂内尔•塞巴格可能会同意C项"眼泪可以润滑和清洁眼睛"的观点, 故选C项。
4.主旨大意题。根据第一段的一项新研究可知, 动物的眼泪可能为更好地治疗人类眼疾提供了思路, 下文具体说明这一研究结论; C项"动物的眼泪预示着新的治疗方法"为最佳标题, 故选C项。
6.答案：1-4 BCCD
解析：1.细节理解题。 根据第二段While the test subjects first heard the new vcabulary, they were simultaneusly (同时地） shwn a vide f a persn making a gesture that matched the meaning f the wrd. When the wrd was repeated, they were suppsed t perfrm the gesture themselves.(当测试对象第一次听到新词汇时，他们同时看到了一段视频，视频中有人做了一个与单词意思相匹配的手势。当这个词被重复时，他们应该自己做这个手势。）可知，测试对象被要求重复视频里的人所做的事。故选B。2.推理判断题。根据第三段The researchers cncluded that the mtr crtex cntributed t the translatin f the vcabulary learned with gestures.(研究人员得出结论，运动皮层有助于翻译通过手势学习的词汇。）可知，发送脉冲是为了确认运动皮层的功能。故选C。3.推理判断题。根据最后一段I think we underuse gesture in ur classrms.(我认为我们在课堂上没有充分利用手势。）可知，Brian Mathias认为这一研究可以用于课堂教学。故选C。4.标题归纳题。 根据第一段But if yu als gesture with yur arms while studying, yu can remember the vcabulary better, even mnths later. Linking a wrd t brain areas respnsible fr mvement strengthens the memry f its meaning.(但如果你在学习的时候也用手臂做手势，即使几个月后，你也能更好地记住词汇。将一个单词与大脑负责运动的区域联系起来，可以加强对其含义的记忆。）可知，文章主要介绍了当学习一门外语时，大多数都采取了传统的方法：读、写、听和重复。但是如果你在学习的同时加上手势动作，可以帮助你更好地记住词汇。所以D.Gestures Help Learn New Wrds（手势有助于学习新单词）作为文章标题最为合适。故选D。
7.答案：1-4 ABAA
解析：1.推理判断题。 根据第一段中 的“Perhaps the greatest lessn I share is that being rich isn't a dllar amunt; it is a perceptin that includes happiness, peace f mind, cmfrt and security.(也许我分享的最重要的经验是，富有不是钱的数目；这是一种包括幸福、心灵舒适和安全感的感知）”可推断，作者对财富的理解是，它更多的是一种精神状态。故选A。2.细节理解题。 根据第二段中的“Dnating yur time makes yu grateful fr all that yu have, and yu'll have the unmatched jy and excitement f knwing yu made a huge impact fr the gd f thers.(奉献你的时间会让你感激你所拥有的一切，你会拥有无与伦比的喜悦和兴奋，因为知道你为他人的利益产生了巨大的影响）”可知，花时间帮助别人会让一个人感激他已经拥有的一切。故选B。3.主旨大意题。 根据第三段中的“This has the added benefit f serving as a gd rle mdel t yur children.(这样做还有一个额外的好处，那就是给你的孩子树立一个好榜样）”及整段内容可知，本段的重点都是阐述做志愿服务的好处。故选A。4.主旨大意题。 根据第一段中的“As a financial adviser, my clients cme t me seeking help with grwing their wealth.(作为一名理财顾问, 我的客户来向我寻求财富增长的帮助)”和最后一段中的“If“wealth”really is a perceptin f happiness, cmfrt and security, we must learn t get utside ur wn experience and understand what wealth means t ther peple.(如果“财富”真的是一种幸福、 舒适和安全的感觉，我们必须学会走出自己的经验，了解财富对其他人意味着什么）”及全文内容可知，文章主要介绍了对财富的正确认识，有钱不一定富有，当志愿者与别人分享时间、金钱、精力时，他们才是真正富有的人。由此可知，“A Rad t Real Wealth in Life(通往真正财富的道路）”作为文章标题最为合适。故选A。
8.答案：1-4 DADC
解析：1.推理判断题。 根据第二段的“Emtins such as surprise that use the muth may be mistaken fr strngly negative emtins such as anger r sadness, and a smile may seem diminished r less genuine when the teeth and lips are cvered(用嘴表达的惊讶等情绪可能会被误认为是愤怒或悲伤等强烈的负面情绪，而当牙齿和嘴唇被遮住时，微笑可能会显得不那么真诚。）”可知，在诠释一种情绪时，嘴巴很有帮助。故选D。2.推理判断题。 根据第三段的“As a surgen wh ften wears masks arund patients, he is careful t use ther cues t be clear(作为一名外科医生，他在病人身边经常戴着口罩，所以他会小心地使用其他线索来表达清楚）”可知，Revenaugh在理解情感感知方面有优势是因为他的职业，故选A。3.推理判断题。根据最后一段的“I'll simply say, I'm jking.(我会简单地说，‘我在开玩笑’。）”可知，Revenaugh为了确保他的笑话不会失败，他会直接告诉病人他的意图，故选D。4.主旨大意题。 通读全文， 尤其是第四段的“Ways t adjust t restricted facial cmmunicatin include making mre f an effrt t analyse psitivity. Peple can emply a cadence t their speech t guide thers, fr example. Crinkling the crners f the eyes, a lighter tne f the vice, all can help.(适应有限的面部交流的方法包括努力分析积极的一面。例如，人们可以用自己的抑扬顿挫来引导别人。皱起眼角，轻声细语，这些都有帮助。）”可知，本文主要讲的是戴口罩会减少我们对于积极情绪的感知及如何应对，也就是在戴着口罩的情况下如何进行有效的交流，因此最好的题目是C选项“Hw t Imprve Masked Cmmunicatin(如何改善蒙面沟通）”，故选C。
9.答案：1-4 BCAB
解析：1.考查细节理解题。根据题干：What is Peter Cavanagh's passin?锁定到第二段第一句：Peter Cavanagh, f Lpez Island certainly qualifies in the passinate categry, having taken 600,000 pictures f birds all ver the wrld in the past 13 years.因此选B。2.考查推理判断题。根据文章第三段中的：Humans have spent mre than six centuries trying t imitate bird flight but still have nt prduced flying machines with all f the cmplexity, flexibility and perfrmance that is cmmnplace fr birds.证明了鸟类无与伦比的飞行能力，我们还是望尘莫及。故选C。3.考查词义理解题。根据划线词前面的：“In 2019, Airbus prduced a Bird f Prey”design以及它后面的：“the eagle's wing and tail structure fr flight cntrl”不难看出A Imitated(模仿）为正确答案。4.考查推理判断题。从文章开头第一句：If it weren't fr passinate peple, this wuld be a dull wrld indeed.以及最后一段的内容，可知B是正确答案。
10.答案：1-3 BAC
解析：1.考查细节理解题。 根据题干：What is required when yu use the bus services?锁定到：标题：Face cverings. 以及第二段第一行的：Yu must wear a face cvering, ver yur nse and muth, fr the full uratin f jurneys n the public transprt netwrk.可知 B 为正确答案。
2.考查细节理解题. 根据题干：What can passengers d at the cntrller ffice?锁定到： 标题：Bus Statin Cntrller Offices.以及该段第二行的：... reprt any safety cncerns r hand in lst prperty.可知A 项为正确答案。3.考查细节理解题。根据题干中的： midnight?可知只有C项符合要求（一周7天，每天24小时）。
Vauxhall Bus Statin
Mnday t Friday,06:30-22:00
Saturday/Sunday,10:00-18:00
33 Bndway, Lambeth SW8 2LN
Walthamstw Bus Statin
Mnday t Sunday06:30-22:00
Selbrne Rad, Waltham Frest E17 7JP
Stratfrd Reginal Bus Statin
24 hurs 7 days
Great Eastern Rad, Newham E15 1XD
West Crydn Bus Statin
Mnday t Saturday06:30-22:00
Sunday, 10:00-18:00
Statin Rad Crydn CR0 2RD
As an evlutinary bilgist, bviusly, it wuld be amazing t bring back extinct creatures. But even if we can bring them back, we are nt ging t be able t cntrl hw they will evlve in the future. N man is an island and neither is any ther creature. We need an ecsystem in rder t survive. S we can think a lt abut the examples f reintrducing species int the envirnment, like the gray wlves int Yellwstne Natinal Park. Eclgy is very cmplicated and it certainly wasn't imprtant when we first intrduced rabbits int Australia, which was a ttal disaster eventually.
All animals like birds and mammals have t learn frm their parents. If we bring them back t life, wh are ging t be arund t teach them? We have examples where in Califrnia we've had the reprductin f the cndrs(大秃鹰). What scientists tried t d is feed the babies using a mther cndr puppet. When these pr creatures were released int the wild, they had an unnatural liking fr humans. They didn't behave the way they shuld have, fr cndrs.
Accrding t Perfrming Animal Welfare Sciety, a healthy elephant csts abut $70,000 per year t care fr and an elderly elephant csts a gd deal mre. Of curse, we are nt talking abut ne. We're talking abut many creatures. I dn't think these creatures will have a future.
1.Why des the authr mentin the film in the first paragraph?
A.T recall an amazing mvie.B.T prmte sme extinct species.
C.T intrduce the tpic t be discussed.D.T get t knw sme intelligent scientists.
2.What des the authr want t tell us by the examples in Paragraph 2?
A.Humans need a balanced ecsystem t survive.
B.T bring back extinct creatures was an unwise idea.
C.Helping endangered species prved t be beneficial t humans.
D.There were all srts f psitive effects f reintrducing species.
3.Which animal didn't act in its wn way?
A.The cndr.B.The gray wlf.
C.The rabbit.D.The elephant.
4.What can be a suitable title fr the text?
A.Is Jurassic Park an Amazing Mvie?
B.What D Creatures Need t Survive?
C.Shuld We Bring Extinct Animals Back t Life?
D.Hw Des an Evlutinary Bilgist Prtect Animals?
2. Mst kids can walk int a library r bkstre and find hundreds f bks t read. But it's nt that simple fr kids wh are blind. They read in a different way. Jenny Lee and ther braille(布莱叶盲文) transcribers take the printed wrds f a bk and change them int a cde f raised dts. Blind peple can read these dts with their fingers. T knw what braille feels like, take a ballpint pen and press hard nt a piece f paper. Then turn the paper ver and tuch the raised dt made by the pen pint.
When Lee first saw the dts f the braille alphabet, she wndered if she'd ever be able t read and write them easily. She tk a class and practiced hard fr abut six mnths befre she passed the final exam: she had t cnvert 35 pages f a bk int braille. Tday, Lee wrks fr a publisher. One f her jbs is t change children's bks int braille.
T d this, Lee first types the stry int a cmputer and then uses a cmputer prgram t translate it int the braille cde. Next, she lks ver the translatin several times t make sure it's mistake-free. After that, a cpy f the braille stry is printed with a special printer. Then Lee and a prfreader wrk tgether t find and crrect any mistake. When a bk is ready, many cpies f it are printed. Afterward, sme are sld thrugh websites and thers are sent t libraries.
Smetimes, ging ver a stry again and again gets tiring. That's when Lee takes a break. Several f Jenny Lee's c-wrkers, wh are blind, use guide dgs. When the animals aren't wrking, Lee likes spending a few minutes with them. T her, playing with dgs "is always a pick-me-up in the middle f the day".
"I lve this missin," Lee says. "Thrugh my brain pwer and my fingers, I am putting the dts int sme kids' hands."
1.Hw des the writer explain what braille feels like?
A.By explaining what braille wrds lk like.B.By describing hw blind peple read bks.
C.By asking readers t experience it themselves.D.By giving examples f different braille wrds.
2.What was Lee's first reactin t braille?
A.She was excited t get a new skill.B.She was amazed at the clever idea.
C.She realized she culd teach it herself.D.She believed it wuld be difficult t learn.
3.What des the underlined part "pick-me-up" in Paragraph 4 mst prbably mean?
A.A discussin t release wrk stress.B.Smething t imprve ne's appetite.
C.Smething t help restre ne's spirits.D.A free ride accmpanied by a guide dg.
4.What des Lee think f her jb?
A.Prfitable and hpeful.B.Tiring but meaningful.
C.Relaxing and helpful.D.Bring but challenging.
3.An Ageless Questin: When Is Smene "Old"?
What des "ld" really mean these days? This isn't a meaningless questin—nt nly des the definitin f "ld" have an ut-sized impact n hw we feel abut urselves (nt t mentin hw thers view us), but it als matters t plicymakers determining hw t plan fr aging ppulatins.
The United Natins histrically has defined lder persns as peple aged 60 years and ver (smetimes 65). It didn't matter whether yu lived in the United States, China r Senegal, even thugh life expectancy is quite different in each f thse cuntries. Everyne became ld at 60.
Researchers Sergei Scherbv and Warren Sandersn, wh study aging, are suggesting verturning the ne-size-fits-all definitin f "ld" acrss the glbe. Instead, they talk abut "prspective age", which lks t the future. Everyne with the same prspective age has the same expected remaining years f life.
Scherbv explained "yung" and "ld" are relative cncepts, and that their cmmn reference pint is life expectancy. It makes sense that "ld" wuld vary between natins, especially between mre- and less-develped cuntries, with differences in educatin, death rates, access t health care and life expectancy.
But wh is "ld" als varies widely between individuals. The pint, Scherbv says, is that persnal age is dependent n ur "characteristics"—understanding abilities, disability, health histry and even educatin levels. Thse with mre educatin tend nt t smke, exercise mre frequently, have better diets and have regular checkups—and, therefre, live lnger, meaning the beginning f their ld age cmes later, says Scherbv.
1.What is the first paragraph mainly abut?
A.Hw we feel abut urselves.B.Hw thers view us.
C.The imprtance f the definitin f "ld".D.The plan fr aging ppulatins.
2.What des the underlined phrase "prspective age" in Paragraph 3 refer t accrding t the text?
A.The expected remaining years f ne's life.B.The beginning f ne's ld age.
C.The differences f ur "characteristics".D.The age when ne becmes ld.
3.What similarity des Scherbv think "yung" and "ld" have?
A.The definitin.B.The age range.
C.The death rates.D.The reference pint.
4.Which f the fllwing helps ne t live lnger?
A.Exercising as much as pssible.B.Lsing weight.
C.Studying histry.D.Imprving the educatin level.
4. Dgs can't speak, but their brains respnd t spken wrds. Every dg wner knws that saying "Gd dg!" in a happy, high vice will make their pet jyfully wag its tail. That made scientists curius: What exactly happens in yur dg's brain when it hears praise, and is it similar t the way ur wn brain prcesses such infrmatin?
When a persn gets thers' cmpliments, the mre primitive, subcrtical auditry regins(皮层下听觉区) first react t the intnatin—the emtinal frce f spken wrds. Next, the brain taps the mre recently evlved auditry crtex(听觉皮层) t figure ut the meaning f the wrds, which is learned.
In 2016, a team f scientists discvered that dgs' brains, like thse f humans, cmpute the intnatin and meaning f a wrd separately—althugh dgs use their right brain t d s, whereas we use ur left ne. Still, a puzzle remained: D their brains g thrugh the same steps t prcess apprval?
It's an imprtant questin, because dgs are a speechless species, yet they respnd crrectly t ur wrds. Fr instance, sme dgs are capable f recgnizing thusands f names f individual bjects, and can link each name t a specific bject.
When the scientists studied scans f the brains f pet dgs, they fund that theirs, like urs, prcess the sunds f spken wrds in this manner—analyzing first the emtinal cmpnent with the lder regin f the brain, the subcrtical regins, and then the wrds' meaning with the newer part, the crtex.
See why dgs are s successful in partnering us? Dgs and humans last shared a cmmn ancestr sme 100 millin years ag, s it's likely that ur brains respnd t sunds in a similar way. As dmesticated animals that have evlved alngside humans in ur hmes fr the past 10,000 years, dgs make special use f it t prcess human emtins. Yu knw, what we say really matters t dgs!
1.Which f the fllwing can replace the underlined wrd "dmesticated"?
A.Abrad.B.Hme.C.Gentle.D.Intelligent.
2.What is the first step when a dg's brain ges thrugh t prcess apprval?
A.Linking it t an bject.B.Analyzing the emtin.
C.Wrking ut its meaning.D.Tapping the auditry crtex.
3.Hw des the writer develp the text?
A.By cmparing pinins.B.By raising examples.
C.By prviding answers t questins.D.By analyzing causes and effects.
4.What is the best title fr the text?
A.Dgs—Gd Listeners
B.Dgs—Perfect Partners
C.Dgs and Humans Share a Cmmn Ancestr Actually
D.Dgs Understand Spken Wrds the Same Way We D
5. A new study, published in the jurnal Frntiers in Veterinary Science, reveals that nn-human animals' tears are nt s different frm ur wn. The chemical similarities are s great, in fact, that the cmpsitin f ther species' tears—and hw they're adapted t their envirnments—may prvide insights int better treatments fr human eye disease.
Previusly, scientists had studied clsely nly the tears f a handful f mammals, including humans, dgs, hrses, camels and mnkeys. In the new study, Brazilian veterinarians analyzed the tears f reptiles and birds fr the first time, fcusing n seven species.
Tears, which are released frm tear tubes, frm a film ver the eye that's cmpsed f three ingredients: mucus, water and il. The mucus cats the eye's surface and helps t attach the film t the eye, the water is a natural salty slutin cntaining crucial prteins and minerals, and the il prevents the eye frm drying ut.
Humans are the nly knwn species t prduce emtinal tears; the expressin "crcdile tears", which refers t a persn's phny display f emtin, cmes frm the mysterius tendency f crcdiles t release tears as they eat.
But tears play key rles beynd weeping, ntes Linel Sebbag at Iwa State University, wh was nt invlved in the new research. They help with visin by lubricating and clearing the eye. They als prtect the eye against infectin and prvide nutritin fr the crnea, the eye's clear uter layer, which lacks bld tubes, he says.
Learning hw reptiles and birds use tears may als inspire new medicatins fr cnditins such as dry eye, which ccurs when tear tubes dn't prduce enugh il. The disease, cmmn in cats, dgs, and peple, can smetimes lead t blindness.
1.What is Paragraph 3 mainly abut?
A.The surce f tears.B.The cmpsitin f tears.
C.The classificatin f tears.D.The definitin f tears.
2.What des the underlined wrd "phny" in Paragraph 4 mean?
A.Tricky.B.Regretful.C.Cld.D.False.
3.Which statement des Linel Sebbag agree with?
A.Weeping cntributes t eye disease.B.The crnea has rich bld tubes.
C.Tears il and clear the eyes.D.Mre tears mean better visin.
4.What might be the best title fr the text?
A.Tears, a Barrier t EyesB.A Better Treatment fr the Eye Disease
C.Nn-human Tears Prmise New CuresD.Other Species' Tears Are Similar t Humans'
6.When learning a freign language, mst peple fall back n traditinal methds: reading, writing, listening and repeating. But if yu als gesture with yur arms while studying, yu can remember the vcabulary better, even mnths later. Linking a wrd t brain areas respnsible fr mvement strengthens the memry f its meaning.
As neurscientist Brian Mathias and his clleagues describe in the Jurnal f Neurscience, they had 22 German-speaking adults learn a ttal f 90 invented artificial wrds （such as "lamube" fr "camera" and "atesi" fr "thught"） ver fur days. While the test subjects first heard the new vcabulary, they were simultaneusly （同时地） shwn a vide f a persn making a gesture that matched the meaning f the wrd. When the wrd was repeated, they were suppsed t perfrm the gesture themselves. Five mnths later, they were asked t translate the vcabulary they had learned int German in a multiple-chice test.
At the same time, they had a device attached t their heads that sent weak pulses t their primary mtr crtex （皮层）-the brain area that cntrls vluntary arm mvements. When these interfering （干扰） signals were active, the subjects fund it harder t recall the wrds accmpanied by gestures. When the device sent n interfering signals （but still appeared t the subjects t be active）, they fund it easier t remember the wrds. The researchers cncluded that the mtr crtex cntributed t the translatin f the vcabulary learned with gestures. This applied t cncrete wrds, such as “camera, ” as well as abstract nes, such as “thught. ”
“Our results prvide evidence fr why learning techniques that invlve the bdy's mtr system shuld be used mre ften, ” says Mathias. “I think we underuse gesture in ur classrms. Peple use it spntaneusly （自发地）, if they're gd teachers and gd listeners. But we dn't necessarily bring it int the class if we dn't think abut it. ”
1. What were the subjects required t d in the test?
A. Repeat what ther subjects describe.
B. Fllw what the persn in the vide did.
C. Match the vcabulary with relative pictures.
D. Translate the vcabulary int a freign language.
2. Why were pulses sent t the subjects' mtr crtex?
A. T cntrl their bdy mvements.
B. T shelter ther interfering signals.
C. T identify the functin f the mtr crtex.
D. T cnfirm the abstract thughts in their mind.
3. What is Brian Mathias's expectatin f the research?
A. It will be carried ut mre frequently. B. It will invlve mre cncrete bjects.
C. It will be applied t classrm teaching. D. It will mtivate his clleagues t participate.
4. What is the best title fr the text?
A. Gd Learning Techniques Matter MreB. Repeating Strengthens Memry
C. Bdy Language Betters CmmunicatinD. Gestures Help Learn New Wrds
7.As a financial adviser, my clients cme t me seeking help with grwing their wealth. Perhaps the greatest lessn I share is that being rich isn't a dllar amunt; it is a perceptin that includes happiness, peace f mind, cmfrt and security. There's a big difference between being wealthy and feeling wealthy.
Actually, ne f the best ways I advise thers in building their wealth is this: The secret t having mre is giving mre. Studies have shwn that peple wh vlunteer weekly exhibit an increase in happiness. Dnating yur time makes yu grateful fr all that yu have, and yu'll have the unmatched jy and excitement f knwing yu made a huge impact fr the gd f thers.
Vlunteering enables yu t increase yur relatinship skills and encurages yu t have cnversatins with peple frm very different walks f life. Yu can even make new friends. It is als a wnderful activity that families can d tgether. This has the added benefit f serving as a gd rle mdel t yur children. I am encuraging my kids t vlunteer and experience the pwer f lve fr themselves.
Withut fail, every time I vlunteer, I have cnversatins that change my life in sme way. I was nce vlunteering at a lcal shelter and struck up a cnversatin with ther vlunteers. As we chatted, we all suddenly realized: The massive gratitude f thse receiving help acted like a nuclear bmb ging ff in ur hearts, and it als tuched the ther vlunteers, making us all realize hw truly blessed we are.
Giving ur time, mney and energy gives us a sense f achievement like nthing else. If "wealth" really is a perceptin f happiness, cmfrt and security, we must learn t get utside ur wn experience and understand what wealth means t ther peple.
1. What is the authr's understanding f wealth?
A. It is mre f a state f mind.B. It gives ne the duty t help thers.
C. It has smething t d with finance.D. It lifts peple's spirits like nthing else.
2.What makes a persn appreciate what he has already wned?
A. Winning peple's recgnitin.B.Spending time helping thers.
C.Making a deep impressin n thers.D. Imprving ne's interpersnal skills.
3.What is paragraph 3 mainly abut?
A. Benefits f vlunteering.B.Parents' rles in a family.
C. Imprtance f scial skills.D. Ways f being a vlunteer.
4.Which f the fllwing can be the best title fr the text?
A.A Rad t Real Wealth in LifeB.A Lessn in Wealth Management
C.A Different Way t Pursue HappinessD.A Life-changing Vlunteering Experience
8.When we see smene fr the first time, we interpret many tiny things frm their faces. But since the pandemic began, we have ften been interacting with peple whse faces we can nly half see. And this ges bth ways, weakening ur ability t ffer a friendly smile. S what des it mean t g mre than a year withut seeing smiles as steadily as we did befre?
A 2020 research paper in the Jurnal f Csmetic Dermatlgy fund that dividing the face int a visible half and invisible half might enhance the perceptin f negative emtins and decrease the perceptin f psitive emtins. “Emtins such as surprise that use the muth may be mistaken fr strngly negative emtins such as anger r sadness and a smile may seem diminished r less genuine when the teeth and lips are cvered, the authrs wrte.
Peter Revenaugh has been studying hw peple interpret faces fr years. He knws this firsthand. As a surgen wh ften wears masks arund patients, he is careful t use ther cues t be clear when, fr example, he is making a jke. Sme f my jkes fall flat, he said "because they’re nt really sure. They can’t see me smiling."
Ways t adjust t restricted facial cmmunicatin include making mre f an effrt t analyse psitivity. Peple can emplya cadence(抑扬顿挫)t their speech t guide thers, fr example. Crinkling the crners f the eyes, a lighter tne f the vice, all can help. Revenaugh has tried t use his eyes mre t express meaning. “Our eyes crinkle at the crner when we’re ding a true smile, and mst peple arund the wrld recgnize that as a happy feeling, he said.
And when Revenaugh is with a patient bth masked and he is jking?
“I’ll simply say, 'I’m jking.'" he said.
1. What can be inferred frm paragraph 2?
A. Surprise is mainly expressed thrugh the eyes.
B. Negative emtins always invlve the muth.
C. Half f ur emtins are mistaken due t wearing masks
D. The muth can be very helpful in interpreting an emtin
2. What gives Revenaugh an advantage in understanding the perceptin femtins?
A. His ccupatin.B. His persnality.
C. His sense f humr.D. His interpreting skills.
3. Hw des Revenaugh make sure his jkes dn’t fall flat?
A.By whispering his jkes t peple.
B.By making gestures with his hands.
C.By identifying his patients in a psitive way.
D.By telling his intentin directly t the patients.
4.What culd be the best title f the text?
A.Side Effects f Facial Cmmunicatin B.Bringing Back Smiles in the Pandemic
C.Hw t Imprve Masked Cmmunicatin D.Hw t Change the Way Peple Wear Masks
9.If it weren’t fr passinate peple, this wuld be a dull wrld indeed.
Peter Cavanagh, f Lpez Island certainly qualifies in the passinate categry, having taken 600,000 pictures f birds all ver the wrld in the past 13years. Cavanagh73is a retired prfessr in the University f Washingtn. He minred in math and is an instrument-rated pilt. His pictures mstly capture birds in flight nt n a perch(栖息).
“I have a sense f wnder at flight because it is the mst highly cmplex frm f mvement in the entire animal kingdm,” says Cavanagh. “Humans have spent mre than six centuries trying t imitate bird flight but still have nt prduced flying machines with all f the cmplexity, flexibility and perfrmance that is cmmnplace fr birds.” Fr birds, the math f it all just happens. A small bird such as the American kestrel, the smallest falcn(猎鹰)in ur regin at abut 4 unces, sits and waits fr prey.
Meanwhile, t achieve flight, a 90-tn cmmercial jet is filled with electrnics and cmputer systems. “Birds have flying abilities we have nt cme clse t matching in airplanes,” says Cavanagh. The Ryal Acrnautical Sciety in Lndn, in a January 2021 psting, tld h researchers at the University f Denmark did cmputer design f a Being 777 wing based n a bird’s wings. It was 5% lighter, which matters in fuel csts. In 2019, Airbus prduced a Bird f Prey" design that mimicked the eagle’s wing and tail structure fr flight cntrl.
Cavanagh enjys every minute f waiting and waiting, and waiting, starting at sunrise t capture thse images. “I am happiest in truly wild places where the human is a tlerated guest and they are the wrld f wild animals.”
1. What is Peter Cavanagh’s passin?
A. Math educatin.B. Bird phtgraphy.
C. Airplane engineering. D. Wilderness explratin.
2. Why did the authr mentin the American kestrel?
A.T cmpare the sizes and weights f the birds.
B.T shw the imprtance f math in bimechanics
C.T prve the unmatched flying abilities f birds.
D.T stress the diversity f native American species.
3. What des the underlined wrd “mimicked” mean in paragraph 4?
A. Imitated.B. Abandned.C. Outperfrmed.D. Discvered.
4.Which wrd best describes Peter Cavanagh’s attitude t nature accrding t the last paragraph?
A. Skeptical.B. Respectful.C. Objective.D. Indifferent.
10.When yu travel n a Lndn bus, we want yu t have the best experience pssible. If yu haven’t used ur services befre, here are sme tips fr yur reference.
Face cverings. Yu must wear a face cvering, ver yur nse and muth, fr the full uratin f jurneys n the public transprt netwrk. If yu d nt, yu culd be denied travel, receive a minimum £200 fine which will duble each time yu are caught nt wearing a face cvering, up t £6,400.
Quieter times and places. The quieter times t travel n public transprt are 08:15-16:00 and after 17:30 n weekdays, and befre nn and after 18:00 n weekends. These times may change as schls and ffices start t repen.
Cash-free travel. All buses in Lndn are cash-free. This means yu will need t have an Oyster card cntactless payment, r a valid ticket t travel n a Lndn bus.
Getting ff a bus. Next stp infrmatin is displayed n the infrmatin screens and annunced n all f ur buses. When yur stp is displayed and annunced please press the bell nce and in gd time. This lets the driver knw yu intend t get ff.
Bus Statin Cntrller Offices. Get help with travel advice, rute and bus stp infrmatin and departure times, reprt any safety cncerns r hand in lst prperty.
1. What is required when yu use the bus services?
A. Paying in cash.B. Wearing a mask.
C. Listening fr the bell.D. Travelling at quieter hurs.
2.What can passengers d at the cntrller ffice?
A. Recver lst items. B. Prvide sme services.
C. Read safety instructins. D. Apply fr an Oyster card.
3. Which statin can be travelers’ chice at midnight?
A. Vauxhall.B. Walthamstw.
C. Stratfrd Reginal. D. West Crydn.
答案以及解析
1.答案：1-4 CBAC
解析：1.推理判断题。根据第一段最后一句Nw sme very smart scientists are wrking n a way t revive, nt dinsaurs, but ther extinct species...可知, 作者提到《侏罗纪公园》这部电影是为了引出"是否应该复活灭绝物种"的话题, 故选C项。
2.推理判断题。根据第二段中的 are nt ging t be able t cntrl hw they will evlve in the future.可知, 作者用兔子被引入澳大利亚后造成了一场大灾难的例子来告诉我们, 生态很复杂, 复活灭绝的生物是很不明智的, 故选B项。
3.细节理解题。根据第三段中的When these pr creatures were released int the wild, they had an unnatural liking fr humans. They didn't behave the way they shuld have, fr cndrs.可知, 对于大秃鹰来说, 它们的行为不像正常状态, 故选A项。
4.主旨大意题。通读全文可知, 本文以"是否应该让灭绝的动物复活?"为话题展开讨论, 详细陈述了不支持让灭绝动物复活的原因; C项"我们应该让灭绝的动物复活吗?"为最佳标题, 故选C项。
2.答案：1-4 CDCB
解析：1.细节理解题。根据第一段中的 a ballpint pen and press hard nt a piece f paper. Then turn the paper ver and tuch the raised dt made by the pen pint.可知, 作者让读者触摸圆珠笔在纸上扎出的点, 以此来亲身体验盲文是什么感觉, 故选C项。
2.推理判断题。根据第二段中的When Lee first saw the dts f the braille alphabet, she wndered if she'd ever be able t read and write them easily.可知, 李对自己是否能够轻松阅读并书写盲文存疑, 再结合后文说她努力学习了六个月才通过最终考试可知, 她对盲文的第一反应应是觉得它很难学会, 故选D项。
3.词义猜测题。根据倒数第二段中的Smetimes, ging ver a stry again and again gets few minutes with them.可推知, 这项工作单一重复, 有时会让人疲惫, 但是和狗一起玩的时间会令人放松; C项意为"帮助恢复精神的东西", 与画线处为同义表达, 故选C项。
4.推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中的关键词tiring以及最后一段"Thrugh my brain pwer and my fingers, I am putting the dts int sme kids' hands."可知, 作者认为她的工作虽然累人但有意义, 故选B项。
3.答案：1-4 CADD
解析：1.主旨大意题。第一段中的What des "ld" really mean these days? This isn't a meaningless questin—nt it als...对人什么时候变"老"这一问题的重要性进行了阐述, 由此可推知, 第一段主要是关于"老"的定义的重要性, 故选C项。
2.词义猜测题。根据画线部分后的定语从句which lks t the future以及进一步的解释Everyne with the same prspective age has the same expected remaining years f life.可推知, 画线短语prspective age意为"人的预期剩余寿命", 故选A项。
3.细节理解题。根据第四段中的Scherbv explained "yung" and "ld" are relative cncepts, and that their cmmn reference pint is life expectancy.可知, "年轻"和"年老"是以预期寿命为共同参照点的对相对概念, 由此可推知, 谢尔波夫认为"年轻"和"年老"概念的相似之处是它们的参照点相同, 故选D项。
4.细节理解题。根据最后一段最后一句Thse with mre educatin tend nt t , therefre, live lnger, meaning the beginning f their ld age cmes later, says Scherbv.可知, 受教育程度较高的人寿命更长, 由此可推知, 提高教育水平有助于长寿, 故选D项。
4.答案：1-4 BBCD
解析：1.词义猜测题。根据画线词后的定语从句that have evlved alngside humans in ur hmes fr the past 10,000 years可知, 这些动物在过去的一万年里与人类在家中共同进化, 结合上文的pet dgs和下文的in ur hmes可推知dmesticated意为"驯化的; 家养的", 故选B项。
2.细节理解题。根据第五段中的analyzing first the emtinal cmpnent with the lder regin f the brain可知, 狗的大脑分析夸赞的语言时, 首先要做的是分析话语的情感成分, 故选B项。
3.推理判断题。根据第一段最后一句What exactly happens in yur dg's brain when it hears praise, and is it similar t the way ur wn brain prcesses such infrmatin?和第三段最后一句Still, a puzzle remained: D their brains g thrugh the same steps t prcess apprval?以及最后一段第一句See why dgs are s successful in partnering us?可推知, 本文是通过提出问题并给出答案的方式组织内容的, 故选C项。
4.主旨大意题。文章首段提出疑问"为什么狗能听懂人类讲话?"文章围绕此进行分析, 得出结论, 最后一段中的Dgs and humans last shared a respnd t sunds in a similar way.说明狗和人类大约在一亿年前拥有共同的祖先, 我们的大脑对声音的反应和狗对声音的反应很可能是类似的, 由此可推知, D项"狗理解话语的方式和我们一样"为最佳标题, 故选D项。
5.答案：1-4 BDCC
解析：1.主旨大意题。根据第三段中的Tears, which are released frm tear , water and il.可知, 眼泪在眼睛上形成一层薄膜, 由三种成分组成: 黏液、水和油脂。下文具体阐释三种成分, 由此可推知, 第三段主要讲了眼泪的成分, 故选B项。
2.词义猜测题。根据画线词所在句可知, 鳄鱼流泪不是因为情感, 而是因为鳄鱼进食的时候会流泪, 所以"鳄鱼的眼泪"指的是一个人虚假的情感表达, 由此可推知画线词phny意为"虚假的", 故选D项。
3.细节理解题。由题干中的Linel Sebbag可定位至倒数第二段, 由该段中的But tears play key rles beynd weeping, ntes Linel Sebbag at Iwa State clearing the eye.可知, 莱昂内尔•塞巴格指出, 眼泪除了起哭泣的作用, 还通过润滑和清洁眼睛来对视力产生帮助, 由此可推知, 莱昂内尔•塞巴格可能会同意C项"眼泪可以润滑和清洁眼睛"的观点, 故选C项。
4.主旨大意题。根据第一段的一项新研究可知, 动物的眼泪可能为更好地治疗人类眼疾提供了思路, 下文具体说明这一研究结论; C项"动物的眼泪预示着新的治疗方法"为最佳标题, 故选C项。
6.答案：1-4 BCCD
解析：1.细节理解题。 根据第二段While the test subjects first heard the new vcabulary, they were simultaneusly (同时地） shwn a vide f a persn making a gesture that matched the meaning f the wrd. When the wrd was repeated, they were suppsed t perfrm the gesture themselves.(当测试对象第一次听到新词汇时，他们同时看到了一段视频，视频中有人做了一个与单词意思相匹配的手势。当这个词被重复时，他们应该自己做这个手势。）可知，测试对象被要求重复视频里的人所做的事。故选B。2.推理判断题。根据第三段The researchers cncluded that the mtr crtex cntributed t the translatin f the vcabulary learned with gestures.(研究人员得出结论，运动皮层有助于翻译通过手势学习的词汇。）可知，发送脉冲是为了确认运动皮层的功能。故选C。3.推理判断题。根据最后一段I think we underuse gesture in ur classrms.(我认为我们在课堂上没有充分利用手势。）可知，Brian Mathias认为这一研究可以用于课堂教学。故选C。4.标题归纳题。 根据第一段But if yu als gesture with yur arms while studying, yu can remember the vcabulary better, even mnths later. Linking a wrd t brain areas respnsible fr mvement strengthens the memry f its meaning.(但如果你在学习的时候也用手臂做手势，即使几个月后，你也能更好地记住词汇。将一个单词与大脑负责运动的区域联系起来，可以加强对其含义的记忆。）可知，文章主要介绍了当学习一门外语时，大多数都采取了传统的方法：读、写、听和重复。但是如果你在学习的同时加上手势动作，可以帮助你更好地记住词汇。所以D.Gestures Help Learn New Wrds（手势有助于学习新单词）作为文章标题最为合适。故选D。
7.答案：1-4 ABAA
解析：1.推理判断题。 根据第一段中 的“Perhaps the greatest lessn I share is that being rich isn't a dllar amunt; it is a perceptin that includes happiness, peace f mind, cmfrt and security.(也许我分享的最重要的经验是，富有不是钱的数目；这是一种包括幸福、心灵舒适和安全感的感知）”可推断，作者对财富的理解是，它更多的是一种精神状态。故选A。2.细节理解题。 根据第二段中的“Dnating yur time makes yu grateful fr all that yu have, and yu'll have the unmatched jy and excitement f knwing yu made a huge impact fr the gd f thers.(奉献你的时间会让你感激你所拥有的一切，你会拥有无与伦比的喜悦和兴奋，因为知道你为他人的利益产生了巨大的影响）”可知，花时间帮助别人会让一个人感激他已经拥有的一切。故选B。3.主旨大意题。 根据第三段中的“This has the added benefit f serving as a gd rle mdel t yur children.(这样做还有一个额外的好处，那就是给你的孩子树立一个好榜样）”及整段内容可知，本段的重点都是阐述做志愿服务的好处。故选A。4.主旨大意题。 根据第一段中的“As a financial adviser, my clients cme t me seeking help with grwing their wealth.(作为一名理财顾问, 我的客户来向我寻求财富增长的帮助)”和最后一段中的“If“wealth”really is a perceptin f happiness, cmfrt and security, we must learn t get utside ur wn experience and understand what wealth means t ther peple.(如果“财富”真的是一种幸福、 舒适和安全的感觉，我们必须学会走出自己的经验，了解财富对其他人意味着什么）”及全文内容可知，文章主要介绍了对财富的正确认识，有钱不一定富有，当志愿者与别人分享时间、金钱、精力时，他们才是真正富有的人。由此可知，“A Rad t Real Wealth in Life(通往真正财富的道路）”作为文章标题最为合适。故选A。
8.答案：1-4 DADC
解析：1.推理判断题。 根据第二段的“Emtins such as surprise that use the muth may be mistaken fr strngly negative emtins such as anger r sadness, and a smile may seem diminished r less genuine when the teeth and lips are cvered(用嘴表达的惊讶等情绪可能会被误认为是愤怒或悲伤等强烈的负面情绪，而当牙齿和嘴唇被遮住时，微笑可能会显得不那么真诚。）”可知，在诠释一种情绪时，嘴巴很有帮助。故选D。2.推理判断题。 根据第三段的“As a surgen wh ften wears masks arund patients, he is careful t use ther cues t be clear(作为一名外科医生，他在病人身边经常戴着口罩，所以他会小心地使用其他线索来表达清楚）”可知，Revenaugh在理解情感感知方面有优势是因为他的职业，故选A。3.推理判断题。根据最后一段的“I'll simply say, I'm jking.(我会简单地说，‘我在开玩笑’。）”可知，Revenaugh为了确保他的笑话不会失败，他会直接告诉病人他的意图，故选D。4.主旨大意题。 通读全文， 尤其是第四段的“Ways t adjust t restricted facial cmmunicatin include making mre f an effrt t analyse psitivity. Peple can emply a cadence t their speech t guide thers, fr example. Crinkling the crners f the eyes, a lighter tne f the vice, all can help.(适应有限的面部交流的方法包括努力分析积极的一面。例如，人们可以用自己的抑扬顿挫来引导别人。皱起眼角，轻声细语，这些都有帮助。）”可知，本文主要讲的是戴口罩会减少我们对于积极情绪的感知及如何应对，也就是在戴着口罩的情况下如何进行有效的交流，因此最好的题目是C选项“Hw t Imprve Masked Cmmunicatin(如何改善蒙面沟通）”，故选C。
9.答案：1-4 BCAB
解析：1.考查细节理解题。根据题干：What is Peter Cavanagh's passin?锁定到第二段第一句：Peter Cavanagh, f Lpez Island certainly qualifies in the passinate categry, having taken 600,000 pictures f birds all ver the wrld in the past 13 years.因此选B。2.考查推理判断题。根据文章第三段中的：Humans have spent mre than six centuries trying t imitate bird flight but still have nt prduced flying machines with all f the cmplexity, flexibility and perfrmance that is cmmnplace fr birds.证明了鸟类无与伦比的飞行能力，我们还是望尘莫及。故选C。3.考查词义理解题。根据划线词前面的：“In 2019, Airbus prduced a Bird f Prey”design以及它后面的：“the eagle's wing and tail structure fr flight cntrl”不难看出A Imitated(模仿）为正确答案。4.考查推理判断题。从文章开头第一句：If it weren't fr passinate peple, this wuld be a dull wrld indeed.以及最后一段的内容，可知B是正确答案。
10.答案：1-3 BAC
解析：1.考查细节理解题。 根据题干：What is required when yu use the bus services?锁定到：标题：Face cverings. 以及第二段第一行的：Yu must wear a face cvering, ver yur nse and muth, fr the full uratin f jurneys n the public transprt netwrk.可知 B 为正确答案。
2.考查细节理解题. 根据题干：What can passengers d at the cntrller ffice?锁定到： 标题：Bus Statin Cntrller Offices.以及该段第二行的：... reprt any safety cncerns r hand in lst prperty.可知A 项为正确答案。3.考查细节理解题。根据题干中的： midnight?可知只有C项符合要求（一周7天，每天24小时）。
Vauxhall Bus Statin
Mnday t Friday,06:30-22:00
Saturday/Sunday,10:00-18:00
33 Bndway, Lambeth SW8 2LN
Walthamstw Bus Statin
Mnday t Sunday06:30-22:00
Selbrne Rad, Waltham Frest E17 7JP
Stratfrd Reginal Bus Statin
24 hurs 7 days
Great Eastern Rad, Newham E15 1XD
West Crydn Bus Statin
Mnday t Saturday06:30-22:00
Sunday, 10:00-18:00
Statin Rad Crydn CR0 2RD
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