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高中英语人教版 (2019)选择性必修 第三册Unit 2 Healthy Lifestyle优秀ppt课件
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这是一份高中英语人教版 (2019)选择性必修 第三册Unit 2 Healthy Lifestyle优秀ppt课件，共46页。PPT课件主要包含了高考链接，即学即练，for，with，Translate等内容，欢迎下载使用。
HABITS FOR A HEALTHY LIFESTYLEAs teenagers grw up, they becme mre independent and start making their wn decisins. Hwever, during this perid, it can be easy fr sme f them t frm bad habits. These bad habits, if left unchecked, culd lead t mre serius nes when they becme adults. Fr example, sme f them may becme invlved in tbacc r alchl abuse, which can lead t physical and mental health prblems. T prevent harmful habits like these frm dminating a teenager’s life is essential. They must learn t recgnise bad habits early and make apprpriate changes.
动词不定式短语作主语，相当于It is essential t
when引导时间状语从句
条件状语从句，if后面省略了they are
Paragraph 1
自己做决定改正/认清不良习惯置之不理/放任不管卷人;参与;与……有关联过度吸烟/饮酒造成身心健康问题支配青少年的生活做出恰当的改变
make their wn decisinscrrect (fix) / recgnise bad habitsleft uncheckedbecme / be / get invlved in★tbacc / alchl abuselead t physical and mental health prblems / issuesdminate a teenager’s lifemake apprpriate changes
as 意为"随着"，引导时间状语从句。
1.As teenagers grw up , they becme mre independent and start making their wn decisins .
在成长过程中，青少年会变得越来越独立，并且开始自己做决定。
It was a clse finish, as they had predicted. The race was called ff as a hurricane struck.Happy as they were, there was smething missing.My sleep left me as the light left the night.
随着最后期限的临近，我更加努力地工作随着时间的推移，我被做得更小了
As the deadline came near , I wrked harder .
As time went by , I was made smaller
正如他们所预料的，比赛结果难分上下。由于飓风袭击，比赛被取消了。尽管他们很快乐，但总缺少点什么。睡眠弃我而去如同光明离开黑夜。
as还可以引导其它从句
虽然，尽管(thugh)
①Child as he is , he knws much .②I must stp writing nw , as I have a lt f wrk t d .③They did as I had asked .
阅读下列句子，写出句中黑体词的词性、词组和含义
①As spring cmes , everything cmes t life .→ With spring , everything cmes t life .②Althugh he might try , the yung man failed . → he might , the yung man failed .
2.T prevent harmful habits like these frm dminating a teenager’s life is essential. They must learn t recgnise bad habits early and make apprpriate changes.
防止像这样的有害习惯支配青少年的生活是至关重要的，他们必须学会及早发现坏习惯，并做出恰当的改变。
此句为“主系表”结构的简单句，其中主语较长，是___________________________________________________________
T prevent harmful habits like these frm dminating a teenager’s life
▲教材原句 T change bad habits is never easy, even with many attempts. After all, it is nt easy t break bad habits.
▲ It is a great hnr t be invited t Mary’s birthday party.▲ It was impssible fr lst time t be made up.
有时为了保持句子平衡，经常将不定式短语放到句子后面，尤其当不定式形式为被动结构时。
prevent ... frm ...阻止……；防止……
prevent / stp / keep ... frm ..．均意为"阻止……"，但 prevent / stp ... frm ..．中的 frm 可以省略，而 keep ... frm ..．中的 frm 不能省略。但在其被动语态中， frm 均不可省略。
谁也不能阻止这个计划的实施。
N ne can prevent this plan frm being carried ut .
1.Their sn was prevented ging t cllege last year because f their lw incme were stpped frm ( enter ) the burning building .
It is apprpriate fr sb t d sth
It is apprpriate that sb (shuld) d sth
be apprpriate fr/t
★ apprpriate adj ．恰当的；合适的
语境理解It ' s nt apprpriate fr yu t ask such persnal questins in an interview .It is apprpriate that yu ( shuld ) pay attentin t yur behaviurNt all f these techniques will be apprpriate fr yur unique situatin.
【即学即用】1.Theater wner said he chse the mvie because it seemed (apprpriately) clthes aren ' t apprpriate a frmal party .3llt ' s apprpriate that yu ( put ) n mre clthes .翻译句子牛仔裤不适合求职面试时穿。
(shuld) put
Jeans are nt apprpriate fr / t a jb interview
此句为复合句。if left unchecked是条件状语从句的省略，if后面省略了they are
3.These bad habits, if left unchecked, culd lead t mre serius nes when they becme adults.
这些坏习惯如果不加以控制，可能会导致他们长大后有更严重的坏习惯
1) 可以省略成分的状语从句：时间、条件、让步、方式。
2) 状语从句省略成分的条件：其主语与主句主语一致，或从句主语是it,且从句谓语为系动词be时，从句的主语和动词be可省略。这种“连词+形容词/分词”的结构，令表达更为简洁、紧凑
3) 常见的连词：when, while, nce, befre, whenever, if, unless, thugh, althugh, as, as if。
4) 状语从句省略成分后常见的类型：连词+ding/dne/ prep短语/ adj短语。
If invlved in the case, yu will be punished.
Once (she was) prperly dressed, she immediately regained her cnfidence.When (he was) asked the same questin again and again, he became increasingly impatient.Unless (they were) given enugh time, they are nt able t cmplete such a demanding task.While (she was) walking alng the river, she suddenly saw a beautiful rainbw ver the bridge.Please keep silent until (yu are) spken t. Thugh (she is) yung, she has already becme a leading neursurgen
一旦穿上合适的衣服， 她马上重获自信。 当再三被问及同一个问题时，他变得越来越不耐烦。 除非给足时间，否则他们无法完成如此高难度的工作。沿河边散步的时候，她忽然看到桥上方有一道美丽的彩虹。没人和你说话之前请保持沉默。虽然年经，但她已经成 为一名顶尖的医生。
在if 引导的条件状语从句中，当状语从句的主语是 it，且谓语动词是be 时，it 和 be 可以省略。If (it is) pssible, yu shuld try t visit Washingtn, yu drp in at my huse this afternn if (it is) cnvenient t yu?
if 省略结构的固定结构：It sunds like smething is wrng with the car’s engine. If s, we’d better take it t the garage immediately.Please tell her yur feelings abut the things arund if pssible.Please let me knw hw many are cming, if any.The mst severe punishments are seldm, if ever, applied.I’d say he was mre like his father, if anything.
If neccessay, yu can chse me t make the presentatin.
语法填空1.Yu can have a wnderful view f the city if ________(stand ) n the tp f the building. 2. (2021·天津阅读理解改编)When___________ (start ) cllege , mst students enjy a week’s stay n campus befre classes actually arising frm lack f cmmunicatin, unless ____________（handle） prperly, may lead t serius prblems the steps yu take are wrking, keep it up. ______ (不然), take anther lk at ther methds yu culd medicine will wrk best if ______ (take) accrding t the instructins. 句式升级When it is seen frm a distance, t tell the truth, the scenery appears mre beautiful __________________, t tell the truth, the scenery appears mre beautiful
When seen frm a distance
1. (2010浙江,8) The experiment shws that prper amunt f exercise, if _______ regularly, can imprve ur health. A. being carried ut B. carrying ut C. carried ut D. t carry ut 2. (2003上海春,37) Unless ________ t speak, yu shuld remain silent at the cnference. A. invited B. inviting C. being invited D. having invited4. (2003上海,39) Generally speaking, ________ accrding t the directins, the drug has n side effect. A. When taking B. When taken C. When t take D. When t be taken5. (2004湖北,28) _______ with the size f the whle earth, the biggest cean des nt seem big at all. A. Cmpare B. When cmpared C. Cmparing D. When cmparing6. (2006浙江,5) When _______ different cultures, we ften pay attentin t the differences withut nticing the many similarities. A. cmpared B. being cmpared C. cmparing D. having cmpared
The leader has been arrested fr the abuse f pwer.She abused her psitin as principal by giving jbs t her friendsMeasures have t be taken t stp animal abuse.
4.Fr example, sme f them may becme invlved in tbacc r alchl abuse, which can lead t physical and mental health prblems
例如，有些青少年会沉溺于烟酒不能自拔, 造成生理和心理健康问题。
这位领导人因滥用权力而被捕。她滥用校长职权，把工作安排给她的朋友们。 必须采取措施禁止虐待动物。
tbacc r alchl abuse意为“过度吸烟或饮酒”。abuse此处意为“(无节制的)滥用；妄用”，既可以用作名词又可以用作动词，abuse还有“虐待”之意
the abuse f pwer滥用权力、abuse ne's psitin t d sth 滥用职权做某事
T change bad habits is never easy, even with many attempts. There is a famus saying based n the philsphy f Aristtle: “We are what we repeatedly d.” In many ways, ur lifestyle is the sum f chices we have made. We make a chice t d smething, and then we repeat it ver and ver again. Sn that chice becmes autmatic and frms a habit that is much harder t change. The gd news is that we can change, if we understand hw habits wrk.
过去分词短语作后置定语，修饰saying
省略that/which的定语从句
Paragraph 2
if引导条件状语从句；hw habits wrk是宾语从句
even with many attemptsbased n We are what we repeatedly d.the sum f chices we have madever and ver againautmatic
即使尝试了很多次基于重复的行为造就了我们我们做出的选择的总和 反复;再三自动的
There is a famus saying based n the philsphy f Aristtle: “We are what we repeatedly d.”
有一条基于亚里士多德哲学思想的著名谚语说道：“重复的行为造就了我们。”
based n在句中是过去分词短语作_________，放在被修饰的名词后面，它的作用相当于一个_________。
作定语的现在分词所表示正在进行的动作(变为从句时要用进行时态)，或表示经常性的动作，或现在(或当时)的状态(变为从句时, 用一般时态)。
The True Stry f Ah Q written by Lu Xun is familiar t us.=The True Stry f Ah Q ________________________is familiar t us.
He left the htel surrunded by crwds f jurnalists.=He left the htel __________________________________
which is written by Lu Xun
which was surrunded by crwds f jurnalists.
过去分词作定语时，过去分词所表示的动作可以在谓语所表示的动作之前发生，也可以没有一定的时间性
Tell the children playing there nt t make s much nise.=Tell the children__________________ nt t make s much nise.
The living rm has a brad bay windw facing the street.=The living rm has a brad bay windw_________________________
wh are playing there
that facesthe street.
1. 他们中的一些人，在农村出生并长大，从没到过北京。2. 正在召开的这个会议很重要。3. Apart frm the urgent prblems _______ (cause) by wars and cnflicts, the UN helps cuntries with ther prblems such as lack f educatin, lack f fd, pverty, disasters and disease.4. (2016·全国卷I) I was the first Western TV reprter 66 __________ (permit) t film a special unit caring fr pandas rescued frm starvatin in the wild.
Sme f them, brn and brught up in rural villages, had never been t Beijing.
The meeting (which is) being held nw is very imprtant.
Accrding t mdern psychlgy, we must first learn abut the “habit cycle”, which wrks like this： Firstly， there is a “cue” , an actin， event，r situatin that acts as a signal t d smething. Secndly, there is a “rutine”, the regular actin yu take in respnse t the cue.Thirdly, there is the “reward”, the gd thing r feeling we get frm the rutine.
同位语，对cue的内容进行解释说明
in respnse t 回答；答复
定语从句，修饰前面的同位语
Paragraph 3
Fr example, when we feel unhappy (cue), we eat lts f unhealthy snacks (rutine)， which makes us feel happy (reward). The reward makes us much mre likely t cntinue the cycle, and the bad habit f relying n unhealthy snacks is frmed.
when引导的时间状语从句
which 引导非限制性定语从句
省略t的动词不定式作宾语补足语
Paragraph 4
Firstly , there is a " cue ", an actin , event , r situatin that acts as a signal t d smething .
第一是"触发因素"，即一个行动、事件或状况，充当要做某事的讯号。
signal that...
signal t sb t d srh
语境理解It ' s a pity that nbdy saw the signal made with a red flag .She signalled that she was abut t turn left .My mther is signalling t me t remve the table .
①胸部疼痛可能是心脏问题的警告信号。 Chest pains can be heart prblems .②她示意到离开的时候了。 She it was time t leave .③她示意我们跟她走。 She fllw her .
a warning signal f
signalled t us t
signalled that
cueacts as rutinein respnse trewardunhealthy snacksrely n
提示充当 惯例奖励不健康的零食依赖
…there is a “rutine”, the regular actin yu take in respnse t the cue. 形成“惯例”，即你根据暗示采取的有规律的行动。
语境理解The prduct was develped in respnse t custmers’ request. They have made generus respnse t the appeals fr funds. After this statement, we’ll make n respnse t divrce matters.
in respnse t 回答；答复；反应；响应make respnse t 对……作出响应/答复 make n respnse t 不回答、不回应……
…there is the “reward”, the gd thing r feeling we get frm the rutine. 有“奖励”，即我们从惯例中得到的好东西或好感觉。 reward n. smething that yu get because yu have dne smething gd r helpful r have wrked hard回报；奖励；报酬give/ ffer a reward t sb. fr sth. 为某事而给某人奖励 in reward fr 作为（对）……的奖赏、回报eg I send him a bk in reward fr his timely help.reward v. t give smething t smene because they have dne smething gd r helpful r have wrked fr it 奖励；奖赏；给以报酬
▲ reward sb. with sth. 奖赏某人某物 eg “Thank yu, sn,” she said, and she rewarded him with a cin.“谢谢你，好心人。”老妇人说着，而且她送了一枚钱币给他。▲ reward sb. fr (ding) sth. 为（做）某事奖赏某人 eg He gave the children sme chclate t reward them fr behaving well.【语境应用】单句语法填空1) Make the extra effrt t impress the buyer and yu will ____________ (reward) with a quicker sale at a better price.2) He decided t give a reward ____ infrmatin leading t the recvery f the missing diamnd.3) The girl rewarded him _____ a smile fr his help.
be rewarded
…, and the bad habit f relying n unhealthy snacks is frmed. rely n: t depend n依赖；依靠； t put trust in with cnfidence 信赖rely n sb./ sth. t d sth. 依靠或信赖某人/ 某物做某事rely n it that… 相信……, 指望……(rely n后面跟从句时，先接it再接that。) eg Children tend t rely n cncerned schl friends t keep in tuch with schl wrk. Yu may rely n it that he will cme t meet yu.
【语境应用】翻译句子。
1) 许多职业母亲依靠亲戚来帮她们照看孩子。 Many wrking mthers rely n relatives t help take care f their children.2) 我仅能依靠的是他能告诉我事实真相。 I nly rely n it that he can tell me the fact.
T facilitate a psitive change in ur bad habits, we must first examine ur bad habit cycles and then try t adapt them. We can d this by cmbining the infrmatin frm ur habit cycles with ur wn psitive ideas. Fr example, we culd try t replace a negative rutine with smething mre psitive.S, when we feel unhappy again (cue), rather than eat snacks, we culd listen t sme f ur favurite music instead (rutine), which will make us feel relaxed (reward). Aside frm changing bad habits, we can als use the habit cycle t create gd habits. Fr example, when we cme t an escalatr (cue), ur nrmal rutine is t ride it, but we culd change this rutine int smething mre psitive by taking the stairs instead.
Paragraph 5
意为“而不是”,做比较状语
which引导非限制性从句
Reading and Thinking – Language Pints
T facilitate a psitive change in ur bad habits, we must first examine ur bad habit cycles and then try t adapt them. 想要促使不良习惯朝着积极的方向转化，我们必须首先审视自己的坏习惯循环，然后尽力去调整。文中adapt和adjust都可以表示“调整；使适应”的意思，常见用法为adapt/adjust sth t d sth. 如：It may be necessary t adjust/adapt yur ideal t make it mre practical. 你需要调整你的理想，让它更实际。而adapt/adjust t sth的用法表示“适应(环境、形势)"。如：It certainly takes time t adjust/adapt t new rules. 适应新规则当然需要时间。
S , when we feel unhappy again ( cue ), rather than eat snacks , we culd listen t sme f ur favurite music instead ( rutine ), which will make us feel relaxed ( reward ).
因此，当我们再次感到不高兴时（信号），我们可以听几首最喜爱的音乐（惯例），而不是吃零食，这会使我们感到放松（奖励）
★ rather than 而不是；与其……（不如）
rather than 连接两个并列成分，意为"而不是"。rather than 连接两个主语时，谓语动词应与 rather than 前面的主语在人称和数上保持一致rather than 后接不定式时，不定式可以带 t，也可以不带 t。但当rather than 位于句首时，则只能接不带 t 的不定式。rather than 连接的并列成分可以是名词、代词、形容词、介词短语、动名词、分词、不定式及动词等
语境理解We will have the meeting in the classrm rather than in the great hall .The sweater she bught was beautiful rather than cheap.Yu rather than I are t make a speech at the meeting .
用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。(1) She’d rather die than _____ (lse) the children.(2) He is an explrer rather than a ______ (sail).(3) Yu rather than I _____ (be) ging t g camping.(4) The sweater she bught was beautiful rather than ______ (cheaply).(5) She enjys singing rather than ________ (dance).(6) We will have the meeting in the classrm rather than ____ the great hall.(7) I decide t write rather than ______________ (telephne).(8) He came running rather than __________ (walk).(9)The yung student rather than his classmates ( be ) ging t travel tmrrwShe likes keeping things rather than t thrw them away. （改错）是文化而不是语言使他难以适应国外的新环境。 (强调句)
(t) telephne
It was the culture, rather than the language, that made it hard fr him t adapt t the new envirnment abrad.
Aside frm changing bad habits, we can als use the habit cycle t create gd habits.
A. 除…之外, 还有 （包括在内，常与als, ther, anther连用） =besides, as well as, in additin t B. 除...之外，没有 （不包括在内，常与n, any, all, every连用） =except C. 除了之外（整体中指出不足, 例外，无上述同类语） =except fr
aside/apart frm sb/sth/ding sth
翻译句子：（1）除了定期运动，健康饮食也是一个控制体重的方法。Aside frm/apart frm/Besides ding sprts regularly,eating healthily is als a way t take cntrl f weight.（2）教室里除了一个坐在窗边的男孩之外，别无他人。The classrm was empty aside frm/apart frm /except fr a by seated by the windw.
Many f us try t change bad habits quickly, and if we are nt successful straight away we ften becme pessimistic and give up. In fact, the mst successful way t change is nt suddenly, but ver a perid f time. As the Chinese philspher La Zi wrte, “A jurney f a thusand miles begins with a single step.” One step seems small, but it is essential. T reach the gal f change, a persn must shw sme discipline and repeatedly take many small steps. After all, it is nt easy t break bad habits.
=at nce 立刻，马上
as引导非限制性定语从句
Paragraph 6
Fr yung peple, there is plenty f time t change bad habits. Hwever, there is n “magic pill” r delete buttn that will help yu; yu have t think abut yur bad habits and decide n sme changes. Yu have the pwer t build a happy and healthy life full f gd habits!
that引导的定语从句
Paragraph 7
使……与……结合用…替换除了……外(还);此外惯常行为乘自动扶梯/滚梯走楼梯立即;马上放弃;认输;让出实现/达成目标毕竟;终究决定;选定有能力做某事构建快乐、健康的生活想出;提出;提供
cmbine ... with / andreplace ... with / by ★aside / apart frm ★nrmal rutineride an escalatrtake the stairsstraight / right away / at nce ★give up★reach / achieve / attain a gal ★after alldecide n / upn★have the pwer t d sthbuild a happy and healthy life cme up with ★
… if we are nt successful straight away, we ften becme pessimistic and give up.
straight away: immediately r withut delay 立即；马上
【拓展】cme/ get straight t the pint 开门见山 g straight hme 直接回家g straight n 一直往前走earn/ get straight A’s 得全优成绩get sth. straight （口语）弄清楚某事be straight with sb. 对某人坦诚
我们中很多人试图迅速改变不良习惯，一旦没有立刻成功，往往变得悲观，继而放弃。
语境理解I’ll cme straight t the pint — yur wrk isn’t gd enugh.I’m ging straight hme after the class.I shuld g and see a dctr straight away.I hpe my clse friends can be straight with me.I culd never lie t my mther because she’d see thrugh me straight away.
Hwever, there is n "magic pill” r delete buttn that will help yu
然而，能帮助你的“魔 力丸”或删除键并不存在……
magic pill意为“灵丹妙药”。delete buttn意为“删除键”。这里magic pill和delete buttn均是暗喻用法，意指“快速改变坏习惯的良策”。暗喻是英语表达中最常见的修辞手法之一。此处的暗喻运用巧妙，让quick and effective way的直白意义顿时形象生动起来，给文字平添一分感染力
经历了如坐过山车般跌宕起伏的一日，他决定给自己做一顿大餐。
在蓬松柔软的"雪毯”尽头，远远出现了一只小红狐。
After a day “n a rller caster”，he decided t ck himself a big dinner
Far beynd the end f the sft, fluffy “snw blanket” appears a tiny red fx.
Fr example, when we cme t an escalatr (cue), ur nrmal rutine is t ride it, but we culd change this rutine int smething mre psitive by taking the stairs instead. ▲这是一个由but连接的并列句。 ▲前半部分是含有when引导时间状语从句的复合句，其中的不定式短语t ride it作表语。 ▲后半句中的by短语作方式状语。
translate the sentence int English.
过去我学英语的最大困难是开口说，但是通过参加英语俱乐部我让这件事变得容易多了。In the past, my biggest difficulty in learning English was t pen my muth t speak, but I changed it easier by taking part in an English club.
In fact, the mst successful way t change is nt suddenly, but ver a perid f time. ▲这是一个含有“nt…but…”结构的简单句。 ▲句中的不定式短语t change作定语，修饰way。
Translate the sentences int Chinese.
The value f life lies nt in the length f days, but in the use that we make f them.生命的价值不在于其长短，而在于我们如何利用它。My teacher influenced my decisin t study science.我的老师对我学理科的决定起了影响作用。
11. As the Chinese philspher La Zi wrte, “ A jurney f a thusand miles begins with a single step.” (Para 5)
(1) 学校广播宣布，运动会将于下月举行。(2) 正如我所指出的，日常饮食包含蔬菜很重要。
As is annunced n the schl radi, the sprts meet will be held next mnth.
As I have pinted ut, it is imprtant t include vegetables in ur diet.
正如中国哲学家老子所说：“千里之行，始于足下。”
用 which 或 as 填空。______ yu knw, if yu d the same thing ver and ver again, yu begin t d it autmatically.And ur prters carry yur luggage, ______ means that yu can simply enjy the experience.Smking is harmful t ne’s health, ______ is knwn t us all.It was raining heavily last night, _______ prevented me frm ging t the party.
as 引导的非限制性定语从句可置于主句前，而 which 则不能；as 引导的非限制性定语从句有“正如”之意，而 which 没有此意。
which
Cmpare and Find
T change bad habits is never easy, even with many attempts. There is a famus saying based n the philsphy f Aristtle: "We are what we repeatedly d. " In many ways, ur lifestyle is the sum f chices we have made. We make a chice t d smething, and then we repeat it ver and ver again. Sn that chice becmes autmatic and frms a habit that is much harder t change. The gd news is that we can change, if we understand hw habits wrk.改变不良习惯从来都不是一件容易的事情，即使你三番五次地尝试。有句基于亚里士多德哲学的名言:“我们反复做的事情造就了我们。”从很多方面看，我们的生活方式是我们所作出的选择的总和。我们选择做某件事，接着我们反反复复地做这件事。不久之后，这项选择就变得自然而然，成为一种更加难以改变的习惯。好消息是，如果我们了解习惯是怎么运作的，我们就可以作出改变。
Accrding t mdern psychlgy, we must first learn abut the "habit cycle", which wrks like this：lFirstly， there is a “cue” , an actin， event，r situatin that acts as a signal t d smething.lSecndly, there is a "rutine", the regular actin yu take in respnse t the cue.lThirdly, there is the "reward", the gd thing r feeling we get frm the rutine. Fr example, when we feel unhappy (cue), we eat lts f unhealthy snacks (rutine) which makes us feel happy (reward). The reward makes us much mre likely t cntinue the cycle, and the bad habit f relying n unhealthy snacks is frmed. 根据现代心理学，我们必须首先了解“习惯循环”，其工作原理如下:第一是“触发因素”，即一个行动、事件或状况，充当要做某事的讯号。第二是“惯常行为”，即你响应触发因素而采取的常规行动。第三是“回报”，即我们从惯常行为中获得的美好事物或感受。例如，当我们感到不高兴时(触发因素)，我们会吃很多不健康零食(惯常行为)，这让我们感到快乐(回报)。这一回报使我们更有可能继续这一循环，从而形成了依赖不健康零食这不良习惯。
T facilitate a psitive change in ur bad habits, we must first examine ur bad habit cycles and then try t adapt them. We can d this by cmbining the infrmatin frm ur habit cycles with ur wn psitive ideas. Fr example, we culd try t replace a negative rutine with smething mre psitive. S, when we feel unhappy again (cue), rather than eat snacks, we culd listen t sme f ur favurite music instead (rutine) which will make us feel relaxed (reward). Aside frm changing bad habits, we can als use the habit cycle t create gd habits. Fr example, when we cme t an escalatr (cue), ur nrmal rutine is t ride it, but we culd change this rutine int smething mre psitive by taking the stairs instead.为了促进我们不良习惯的积极改变，我们必须首先审视我们的不良习惯循环，然后尝试去改变它们。为了做到这一点，我们可以把来自我们不良习惯循环的信息与我们自己的积极想法结合起来。例如，我们可以试着将一个消极的惯常行为替换为一个更积极的东西。因此，当我们再次感到不高兴时(触发因素)，我们可以听几首自己最喜爱的音乐(惯常行为)，而不是吃零食，这会使我们感到放松(回报)。除了改变不良习惯之外，我们还可以利用习惯循环来养成良好的习惯。例如，当我们走到电梯前的时候(触发因素)，我们的惯常行为是乘坐电梯，但是我们可以改为走楼梯，从而将上述惯常行为改变为一个更积极的事情。
Many f us try t change bad habits quickly, and if we are nt successful straight away we ften becme pessimistic and give up. In fact, the mst successful way t change is nt suddenly, but ver a perid f time. As the Chinese philspher La Zi wrte, “A jurney f a thusand miles begins with a single step.” One step seems small, but it is essential. T reach the gal f change, a persn must shw sme discipline and repeatedly take many small steps. After all, it is nt easy t break bad habits.我们中很多人试图迅速改变不良习惯，一旦没有立刻成功，我们往往变得悲观，继而放弃。事实上，改变不良习惯的最佳方法不是一蹴而就，而是需要一段时间。正如中国哲学家老子所说:“千里之行，始于足下。” 一步似乎很小，却至关重要。为了实现改变这一目标，一个人必须展示出一定程度的自制力，不断地出许多小步。毕竟，戒除不良习惯并非易事。
Fr yung peple, there is plenty f time t change bad habits. Hwever, there is n “magic pill” r delete buttn that will help yu; yu have t think abut yur bad habits and decide n sme changes. Yu have the pwer t build a happy and healthy life full f gd habits!对年轻人来说，有大量的时间可以改变不良习惯。然而，能帮助你的“魔力丸”或删除键并不存在;你必须思考自己的不良习惯，选定一些作出改变。你有能力构建一种充满良好习惯的快乐、健康的生活!
As teenagers grw up，they becme mre independent and start making their wn decisins.Hwever，during this perid，it can be easy 1.___ sme f them t frm bad habits.These bad habits，if 2.____(leave) unchecked，culd lead t mre serius nes when they becme (change) bad habits is never easy，even with many attempts.The gd news is that we can change ur bad habits if we understand 4.___ habits wrk.T facilitate 5.___ psitive change in ur bad habits，we must first examine ur bad habit cycles and then try t adapt them.We can d this by 6._________(cmbine) the infrmatin frm ur habit cycles with ur wn psitive ideas.We can als use the habit cycle 7._________(create) gd habits.Many f us try t change bad habits quickly，and if we are nt successful straight away，we ften becme pessimistic and give up.In fact，the mst successful way t change is nt suddenly,8.___ ver a perid f time.T reach the gal f change，a persn must 9.__________(repeated) take many small steps.Yung peple have the pwer 10.________(build) a happy and healthy life full f gd habits!
Just ___ Aristtle put it,“We are what we repeatedly d.”In many aspects, ur lifestyle is the result f the chices that we have made. S ________(frm) gd habits is very imprtant, especially fr teenagers. That's because bad habits, if ____ (leave) unchecked, culd lead t mre serius nes when we becme adults. The gd news is that we can change ur bad habits if we understand ____ habits wrk. ___________(prevent) harmful habits frm dminating ur life, we shuld make use f the “habit cycle” t kick bad habits and develp gd nes. First we can facilitate ___ psitive change by examining ur bad habit cycles and trying t adapt them. Aside frm this, we shuld als frm gd habits n purpse. Gradually, we ________________ (reward) by ur actins. Many f us try t change bad habits quickly. But if we are nt successful straight away, dn't becme pessimistic. As a matter f fact, the______________ (successful) way t change is nt suddenly, but ver a perid f time. As the Chinese saying ges, “A jurney f a thusand miles _______ (begin)with a single step.” As lng as we __________(repeat) take many small steps, we are sure t get rid f bad habits and build a healthy life.
will be rewarded
mst successful
Text Review
HABITS FOR A HEALTHY LIFESTYLEAs teenagers grw up, they becme mre independent and start making their wn decisins. Hwever, during this perid, it can be easy fr sme f them t frm bad habits. These bad habits, if left unchecked, culd lead t mre serius nes when they becme adults. Fr example, sme f them may becme invlved in tbacc r alchl abuse, which can lead t physical and mental health prblems. T prevent harmful habits like these frm dminating a teenager’s life is essential. They must learn t recgnise bad habits early and make apprpriate changes.
动词不定式短语作主语，相当于It is essential t
when引导时间状语从句
条件状语从句，if后面省略了they are
Paragraph 1
自己做决定改正/认清不良习惯置之不理/放任不管卷人;参与;与……有关联过度吸烟/饮酒造成身心健康问题支配青少年的生活做出恰当的改变
make their wn decisinscrrect (fix) / recgnise bad habitsleft uncheckedbecme / be / get invlved in★tbacc / alchl abuselead t physical and mental health prblems / issuesdminate a teenager’s lifemake apprpriate changes
as 意为"随着"，引导时间状语从句。
1.As teenagers grw up , they becme mre independent and start making their wn decisins .
在成长过程中，青少年会变得越来越独立，并且开始自己做决定。
It was a clse finish, as they had predicted. The race was called ff as a hurricane struck.Happy as they were, there was smething missing.My sleep left me as the light left the night.
随着最后期限的临近，我更加努力地工作随着时间的推移，我被做得更小了
As the deadline came near , I wrked harder .
As time went by , I was made smaller
正如他们所预料的，比赛结果难分上下。由于飓风袭击，比赛被取消了。尽管他们很快乐，但总缺少点什么。睡眠弃我而去如同光明离开黑夜。
as还可以引导其它从句
虽然，尽管(thugh)
①Child as he is , he knws much .②I must stp writing nw , as I have a lt f wrk t d .③They did as I had asked .
阅读下列句子，写出句中黑体词的词性、词组和含义
①As spring cmes , everything cmes t life .→ With spring , everything cmes t life .②Althugh he might try , the yung man failed . → he might , the yung man failed .
2.T prevent harmful habits like these frm dminating a teenager’s life is essential. They must learn t recgnise bad habits early and make apprpriate changes.
防止像这样的有害习惯支配青少年的生活是至关重要的，他们必须学会及早发现坏习惯，并做出恰当的改变。
此句为“主系表”结构的简单句，其中主语较长，是___________________________________________________________
T prevent harmful habits like these frm dminating a teenager’s life
▲教材原句 T change bad habits is never easy, even with many attempts. After all, it is nt easy t break bad habits.
▲ It is a great hnr t be invited t Mary’s birthday party.▲ It was impssible fr lst time t be made up.
有时为了保持句子平衡，经常将不定式短语放到句子后面，尤其当不定式形式为被动结构时。
prevent ... frm ...阻止……；防止……
prevent / stp / keep ... frm ..．均意为"阻止……"，但 prevent / stp ... frm ..．中的 frm 可以省略，而 keep ... frm ..．中的 frm 不能省略。但在其被动语态中， frm 均不可省略。
谁也不能阻止这个计划的实施。
N ne can prevent this plan frm being carried ut .
1.Their sn was prevented ging t cllege last year because f their lw incme were stpped frm ( enter ) the burning building .
It is apprpriate fr sb t d sth
It is apprpriate that sb (shuld) d sth
be apprpriate fr/t
★ apprpriate adj ．恰当的；合适的
语境理解It ' s nt apprpriate fr yu t ask such persnal questins in an interview .It is apprpriate that yu ( shuld ) pay attentin t yur behaviurNt all f these techniques will be apprpriate fr yur unique situatin.
【即学即用】1.Theater wner said he chse the mvie because it seemed (apprpriately) clthes aren ' t apprpriate a frmal party .3llt ' s apprpriate that yu ( put ) n mre clthes .翻译句子牛仔裤不适合求职面试时穿。
(shuld) put
Jeans are nt apprpriate fr / t a jb interview
此句为复合句。if left unchecked是条件状语从句的省略，if后面省略了they are
3.These bad habits, if left unchecked, culd lead t mre serius nes when they becme adults.
这些坏习惯如果不加以控制，可能会导致他们长大后有更严重的坏习惯
1) 可以省略成分的状语从句：时间、条件、让步、方式。
2) 状语从句省略成分的条件：其主语与主句主语一致，或从句主语是it,且从句谓语为系动词be时，从句的主语和动词be可省略。这种“连词+形容词/分词”的结构，令表达更为简洁、紧凑
3) 常见的连词：when, while, nce, befre, whenever, if, unless, thugh, althugh, as, as if。
4) 状语从句省略成分后常见的类型：连词+ding/dne/ prep短语/ adj短语。
If invlved in the case, yu will be punished.
Once (she was) prperly dressed, she immediately regained her cnfidence.When (he was) asked the same questin again and again, he became increasingly impatient.Unless (they were) given enugh time, they are nt able t cmplete such a demanding task.While (she was) walking alng the river, she suddenly saw a beautiful rainbw ver the bridge.Please keep silent until (yu are) spken t. Thugh (she is) yung, she has already becme a leading neursurgen
一旦穿上合适的衣服， 她马上重获自信。 当再三被问及同一个问题时，他变得越来越不耐烦。 除非给足时间，否则他们无法完成如此高难度的工作。沿河边散步的时候，她忽然看到桥上方有一道美丽的彩虹。没人和你说话之前请保持沉默。虽然年经，但她已经成 为一名顶尖的医生。
在if 引导的条件状语从句中，当状语从句的主语是 it，且谓语动词是be 时，it 和 be 可以省略。If (it is) pssible, yu shuld try t visit Washingtn, yu drp in at my huse this afternn if (it is) cnvenient t yu?
if 省略结构的固定结构：It sunds like smething is wrng with the car’s engine. If s, we’d better take it t the garage immediately.Please tell her yur feelings abut the things arund if pssible.Please let me knw hw many are cming, if any.The mst severe punishments are seldm, if ever, applied.I’d say he was mre like his father, if anything.
If neccessay, yu can chse me t make the presentatin.
语法填空1.Yu can have a wnderful view f the city if ________(stand ) n the tp f the building. 2. (2021·天津阅读理解改编)When___________ (start ) cllege , mst students enjy a week’s stay n campus befre classes actually arising frm lack f cmmunicatin, unless ____________（handle） prperly, may lead t serius prblems the steps yu take are wrking, keep it up. ______ (不然), take anther lk at ther methds yu culd medicine will wrk best if ______ (take) accrding t the instructins. 句式升级When it is seen frm a distance, t tell the truth, the scenery appears mre beautiful __________________, t tell the truth, the scenery appears mre beautiful
When seen frm a distance
1. (2010浙江,8) The experiment shws that prper amunt f exercise, if _______ regularly, can imprve ur health. A. being carried ut B. carrying ut C. carried ut D. t carry ut 2. (2003上海春,37) Unless ________ t speak, yu shuld remain silent at the cnference. A. invited B. inviting C. being invited D. having invited4. (2003上海,39) Generally speaking, ________ accrding t the directins, the drug has n side effect. A. When taking B. When taken C. When t take D. When t be taken5. (2004湖北,28) _______ with the size f the whle earth, the biggest cean des nt seem big at all. A. Cmpare B. When cmpared C. Cmparing D. When cmparing6. (2006浙江,5) When _______ different cultures, we ften pay attentin t the differences withut nticing the many similarities. A. cmpared B. being cmpared C. cmparing D. having cmpared
The leader has been arrested fr the abuse f pwer.She abused her psitin as principal by giving jbs t her friendsMeasures have t be taken t stp animal abuse.
4.Fr example, sme f them may becme invlved in tbacc r alchl abuse, which can lead t physical and mental health prblems
例如，有些青少年会沉溺于烟酒不能自拔, 造成生理和心理健康问题。
这位领导人因滥用权力而被捕。她滥用校长职权，把工作安排给她的朋友们。 必须采取措施禁止虐待动物。
tbacc r alchl abuse意为“过度吸烟或饮酒”。abuse此处意为“(无节制的)滥用；妄用”，既可以用作名词又可以用作动词，abuse还有“虐待”之意
the abuse f pwer滥用权力、abuse ne's psitin t d sth 滥用职权做某事
T change bad habits is never easy, even with many attempts. There is a famus saying based n the philsphy f Aristtle: “We are what we repeatedly d.” In many ways, ur lifestyle is the sum f chices we have made. We make a chice t d smething, and then we repeat it ver and ver again. Sn that chice becmes autmatic and frms a habit that is much harder t change. The gd news is that we can change, if we understand hw habits wrk.
过去分词短语作后置定语，修饰saying
省略that/which的定语从句
Paragraph 2
if引导条件状语从句；hw habits wrk是宾语从句
even with many attemptsbased n We are what we repeatedly d.the sum f chices we have madever and ver againautmatic
即使尝试了很多次基于重复的行为造就了我们我们做出的选择的总和 反复;再三自动的
There is a famus saying based n the philsphy f Aristtle: “We are what we repeatedly d.”
有一条基于亚里士多德哲学思想的著名谚语说道：“重复的行为造就了我们。”
based n在句中是过去分词短语作_________，放在被修饰的名词后面，它的作用相当于一个_________。
作定语的现在分词所表示正在进行的动作(变为从句时要用进行时态)，或表示经常性的动作，或现在(或当时)的状态(变为从句时, 用一般时态)。
The True Stry f Ah Q written by Lu Xun is familiar t us.=The True Stry f Ah Q ________________________is familiar t us.
He left the htel surrunded by crwds f jurnalists.=He left the htel __________________________________
which is written by Lu Xun
which was surrunded by crwds f jurnalists.
过去分词作定语时，过去分词所表示的动作可以在谓语所表示的动作之前发生，也可以没有一定的时间性
Tell the children playing there nt t make s much nise.=Tell the children__________________ nt t make s much nise.
The living rm has a brad bay windw facing the street.=The living rm has a brad bay windw_________________________
wh are playing there
that facesthe street.
1. 他们中的一些人，在农村出生并长大，从没到过北京。2. 正在召开的这个会议很重要。3. Apart frm the urgent prblems _______ (cause) by wars and cnflicts, the UN helps cuntries with ther prblems such as lack f educatin, lack f fd, pverty, disasters and disease.4. (2016·全国卷I) I was the first Western TV reprter 66 __________ (permit) t film a special unit caring fr pandas rescued frm starvatin in the wild.
Sme f them, brn and brught up in rural villages, had never been t Beijing.
The meeting (which is) being held nw is very imprtant.
Accrding t mdern psychlgy, we must first learn abut the “habit cycle”, which wrks like this： Firstly， there is a “cue” , an actin， event，r situatin that acts as a signal t d smething. Secndly, there is a “rutine”, the regular actin yu take in respnse t the cue.Thirdly, there is the “reward”, the gd thing r feeling we get frm the rutine.
同位语，对cue的内容进行解释说明
in respnse t 回答；答复
定语从句，修饰前面的同位语
Paragraph 3
Fr example, when we feel unhappy (cue), we eat lts f unhealthy snacks (rutine)， which makes us feel happy (reward). The reward makes us much mre likely t cntinue the cycle, and the bad habit f relying n unhealthy snacks is frmed.
when引导的时间状语从句
which 引导非限制性定语从句
省略t的动词不定式作宾语补足语
Paragraph 4
Firstly , there is a " cue ", an actin , event , r situatin that acts as a signal t d smething .
第一是"触发因素"，即一个行动、事件或状况，充当要做某事的讯号。
signal that...
signal t sb t d srh
语境理解It ' s a pity that nbdy saw the signal made with a red flag .She signalled that she was abut t turn left .My mther is signalling t me t remve the table .
①胸部疼痛可能是心脏问题的警告信号。 Chest pains can be heart prblems .②她示意到离开的时候了。 She it was time t leave .③她示意我们跟她走。 She fllw her .
a warning signal f
signalled t us t
signalled that
cueacts as rutinein respnse trewardunhealthy snacksrely n
提示充当 惯例奖励不健康的零食依赖
…there is a “rutine”, the regular actin yu take in respnse t the cue. 形成“惯例”，即你根据暗示采取的有规律的行动。
语境理解The prduct was develped in respnse t custmers’ request. They have made generus respnse t the appeals fr funds. After this statement, we’ll make n respnse t divrce matters.
in respnse t 回答；答复；反应；响应make respnse t 对……作出响应/答复 make n respnse t 不回答、不回应……
…there is the “reward”, the gd thing r feeling we get frm the rutine. 有“奖励”，即我们从惯例中得到的好东西或好感觉。 reward n. smething that yu get because yu have dne smething gd r helpful r have wrked hard回报；奖励；报酬give/ ffer a reward t sb. fr sth. 为某事而给某人奖励 in reward fr 作为（对）……的奖赏、回报eg I send him a bk in reward fr his timely help.reward v. t give smething t smene because they have dne smething gd r helpful r have wrked fr it 奖励；奖赏；给以报酬
▲ reward sb. with sth. 奖赏某人某物 eg “Thank yu, sn,” she said, and she rewarded him with a cin.“谢谢你，好心人。”老妇人说着，而且她送了一枚钱币给他。▲ reward sb. fr (ding) sth. 为（做）某事奖赏某人 eg He gave the children sme chclate t reward them fr behaving well.【语境应用】单句语法填空1) Make the extra effrt t impress the buyer and yu will ____________ (reward) with a quicker sale at a better price.2) He decided t give a reward ____ infrmatin leading t the recvery f the missing diamnd.3) The girl rewarded him _____ a smile fr his help.
be rewarded
…, and the bad habit f relying n unhealthy snacks is frmed. rely n: t depend n依赖；依靠； t put trust in with cnfidence 信赖rely n sb./ sth. t d sth. 依靠或信赖某人/ 某物做某事rely n it that… 相信……, 指望……(rely n后面跟从句时，先接it再接that。) eg Children tend t rely n cncerned schl friends t keep in tuch with schl wrk. Yu may rely n it that he will cme t meet yu.
【语境应用】翻译句子。
1) 许多职业母亲依靠亲戚来帮她们照看孩子。 Many wrking mthers rely n relatives t help take care f their children.2) 我仅能依靠的是他能告诉我事实真相。 I nly rely n it that he can tell me the fact.
T facilitate a psitive change in ur bad habits, we must first examine ur bad habit cycles and then try t adapt them. We can d this by cmbining the infrmatin frm ur habit cycles with ur wn psitive ideas. Fr example, we culd try t replace a negative rutine with smething mre psitive.S, when we feel unhappy again (cue), rather than eat snacks, we culd listen t sme f ur favurite music instead (rutine), which will make us feel relaxed (reward). Aside frm changing bad habits, we can als use the habit cycle t create gd habits. Fr example, when we cme t an escalatr (cue), ur nrmal rutine is t ride it, but we culd change this rutine int smething mre psitive by taking the stairs instead.
Paragraph 5
意为“而不是”,做比较状语
which引导非限制性从句
Reading and Thinking – Language Pints
T facilitate a psitive change in ur bad habits, we must first examine ur bad habit cycles and then try t adapt them. 想要促使不良习惯朝着积极的方向转化，我们必须首先审视自己的坏习惯循环，然后尽力去调整。文中adapt和adjust都可以表示“调整；使适应”的意思，常见用法为adapt/adjust sth t d sth. 如：It may be necessary t adjust/adapt yur ideal t make it mre practical. 你需要调整你的理想，让它更实际。而adapt/adjust t sth的用法表示“适应(环境、形势)"。如：It certainly takes time t adjust/adapt t new rules. 适应新规则当然需要时间。
S , when we feel unhappy again ( cue ), rather than eat snacks , we culd listen t sme f ur favurite music instead ( rutine ), which will make us feel relaxed ( reward ).
因此，当我们再次感到不高兴时（信号），我们可以听几首最喜爱的音乐（惯例），而不是吃零食，这会使我们感到放松（奖励）
★ rather than 而不是；与其……（不如）
rather than 连接两个并列成分，意为"而不是"。rather than 连接两个主语时，谓语动词应与 rather than 前面的主语在人称和数上保持一致rather than 后接不定式时，不定式可以带 t，也可以不带 t。但当rather than 位于句首时，则只能接不带 t 的不定式。rather than 连接的并列成分可以是名词、代词、形容词、介词短语、动名词、分词、不定式及动词等
语境理解We will have the meeting in the classrm rather than in the great hall .The sweater she bught was beautiful rather than cheap.Yu rather than I are t make a speech at the meeting .
用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。(1) She’d rather die than _____ (lse) the children.(2) He is an explrer rather than a ______ (sail).(3) Yu rather than I _____ (be) ging t g camping.(4) The sweater she bught was beautiful rather than ______ (cheaply).(5) She enjys singing rather than ________ (dance).(6) We will have the meeting in the classrm rather than ____ the great hall.(7) I decide t write rather than ______________ (telephne).(8) He came running rather than __________ (walk).(9)The yung student rather than his classmates ( be ) ging t travel tmrrwShe likes keeping things rather than t thrw them away. （改错）是文化而不是语言使他难以适应国外的新环境。 (强调句)
(t) telephne
It was the culture, rather than the language, that made it hard fr him t adapt t the new envirnment abrad.
Aside frm changing bad habits, we can als use the habit cycle t create gd habits.
A. 除…之外, 还有 （包括在内，常与als, ther, anther连用） =besides, as well as, in additin t B. 除...之外，没有 （不包括在内，常与n, any, all, every连用） =except C. 除了之外（整体中指出不足, 例外，无上述同类语） =except fr
aside/apart frm sb/sth/ding sth
翻译句子：（1）除了定期运动，健康饮食也是一个控制体重的方法。Aside frm/apart frm/Besides ding sprts regularly,eating healthily is als a way t take cntrl f weight.（2）教室里除了一个坐在窗边的男孩之外，别无他人。The classrm was empty aside frm/apart frm /except fr a by seated by the windw.
Many f us try t change bad habits quickly, and if we are nt successful straight away we ften becme pessimistic and give up. In fact, the mst successful way t change is nt suddenly, but ver a perid f time. As the Chinese philspher La Zi wrte, “A jurney f a thusand miles begins with a single step.” One step seems small, but it is essential. T reach the gal f change, a persn must shw sme discipline and repeatedly take many small steps. After all, it is nt easy t break bad habits.
=at nce 立刻，马上
as引导非限制性定语从句
Paragraph 6
Fr yung peple, there is plenty f time t change bad habits. Hwever, there is n “magic pill” r delete buttn that will help yu; yu have t think abut yur bad habits and decide n sme changes. Yu have the pwer t build a happy and healthy life full f gd habits!
that引导的定语从句
Paragraph 7
使……与……结合用…替换除了……外(还);此外惯常行为乘自动扶梯/滚梯走楼梯立即;马上放弃;认输;让出实现/达成目标毕竟;终究决定;选定有能力做某事构建快乐、健康的生活想出;提出;提供
cmbine ... with / andreplace ... with / by ★aside / apart frm ★nrmal rutineride an escalatrtake the stairsstraight / right away / at nce ★give up★reach / achieve / attain a gal ★after alldecide n / upn★have the pwer t d sthbuild a happy and healthy life cme up with ★
… if we are nt successful straight away, we ften becme pessimistic and give up.
straight away: immediately r withut delay 立即；马上
【拓展】cme/ get straight t the pint 开门见山 g straight hme 直接回家g straight n 一直往前走earn/ get straight A’s 得全优成绩get sth. straight （口语）弄清楚某事be straight with sb. 对某人坦诚
我们中很多人试图迅速改变不良习惯，一旦没有立刻成功，往往变得悲观，继而放弃。
语境理解I’ll cme straight t the pint — yur wrk isn’t gd enugh.I’m ging straight hme after the class.I shuld g and see a dctr straight away.I hpe my clse friends can be straight with me.I culd never lie t my mther because she’d see thrugh me straight away.
Hwever, there is n "magic pill” r delete buttn that will help yu
然而，能帮助你的“魔 力丸”或删除键并不存在……
magic pill意为“灵丹妙药”。delete buttn意为“删除键”。这里magic pill和delete buttn均是暗喻用法，意指“快速改变坏习惯的良策”。暗喻是英语表达中最常见的修辞手法之一。此处的暗喻运用巧妙，让quick and effective way的直白意义顿时形象生动起来，给文字平添一分感染力
经历了如坐过山车般跌宕起伏的一日，他决定给自己做一顿大餐。
在蓬松柔软的"雪毯”尽头，远远出现了一只小红狐。
After a day “n a rller caster”，he decided t ck himself a big dinner
Far beynd the end f the sft, fluffy “snw blanket” appears a tiny red fx.
Fr example, when we cme t an escalatr (cue), ur nrmal rutine is t ride it, but we culd change this rutine int smething mre psitive by taking the stairs instead. ▲这是一个由but连接的并列句。 ▲前半部分是含有when引导时间状语从句的复合句，其中的不定式短语t ride it作表语。 ▲后半句中的by短语作方式状语。
translate the sentence int English.
过去我学英语的最大困难是开口说，但是通过参加英语俱乐部我让这件事变得容易多了。In the past, my biggest difficulty in learning English was t pen my muth t speak, but I changed it easier by taking part in an English club.
In fact, the mst successful way t change is nt suddenly, but ver a perid f time. ▲这是一个含有“nt…but…”结构的简单句。 ▲句中的不定式短语t change作定语，修饰way。
Translate the sentences int Chinese.
The value f life lies nt in the length f days, but in the use that we make f them.生命的价值不在于其长短，而在于我们如何利用它。My teacher influenced my decisin t study science.我的老师对我学理科的决定起了影响作用。
11. As the Chinese philspher La Zi wrte, “ A jurney f a thusand miles begins with a single step.” (Para 5)
(1) 学校广播宣布，运动会将于下月举行。(2) 正如我所指出的，日常饮食包含蔬菜很重要。
As is annunced n the schl radi, the sprts meet will be held next mnth.
As I have pinted ut, it is imprtant t include vegetables in ur diet.
正如中国哲学家老子所说：“千里之行，始于足下。”
用 which 或 as 填空。______ yu knw, if yu d the same thing ver and ver again, yu begin t d it autmatically.And ur prters carry yur luggage, ______ means that yu can simply enjy the experience.Smking is harmful t ne’s health, ______ is knwn t us all.It was raining heavily last night, _______ prevented me frm ging t the party.
as 引导的非限制性定语从句可置于主句前，而 which 则不能；as 引导的非限制性定语从句有“正如”之意，而 which 没有此意。
which
Cmpare and Find
T change bad habits is never easy, even with many attempts. There is a famus saying based n the philsphy f Aristtle: "We are what we repeatedly d. " In many ways, ur lifestyle is the sum f chices we have made. We make a chice t d smething, and then we repeat it ver and ver again. Sn that chice becmes autmatic and frms a habit that is much harder t change. The gd news is that we can change, if we understand hw habits wrk.改变不良习惯从来都不是一件容易的事情，即使你三番五次地尝试。有句基于亚里士多德哲学的名言:“我们反复做的事情造就了我们。”从很多方面看，我们的生活方式是我们所作出的选择的总和。我们选择做某件事，接着我们反反复复地做这件事。不久之后，这项选择就变得自然而然，成为一种更加难以改变的习惯。好消息是，如果我们了解习惯是怎么运作的，我们就可以作出改变。
Accrding t mdern psychlgy, we must first learn abut the "habit cycle", which wrks like this：lFirstly， there is a “cue” , an actin， event，r situatin that acts as a signal t d smething.lSecndly, there is a "rutine", the regular actin yu take in respnse t the cue.lThirdly, there is the "reward", the gd thing r feeling we get frm the rutine. Fr example, when we feel unhappy (cue), we eat lts f unhealthy snacks (rutine) which makes us feel happy (reward). The reward makes us much mre likely t cntinue the cycle, and the bad habit f relying n unhealthy snacks is frmed. 根据现代心理学，我们必须首先了解“习惯循环”，其工作原理如下:第一是“触发因素”，即一个行动、事件或状况，充当要做某事的讯号。第二是“惯常行为”，即你响应触发因素而采取的常规行动。第三是“回报”，即我们从惯常行为中获得的美好事物或感受。例如，当我们感到不高兴时(触发因素)，我们会吃很多不健康零食(惯常行为)，这让我们感到快乐(回报)。这一回报使我们更有可能继续这一循环，从而形成了依赖不健康零食这不良习惯。
T facilitate a psitive change in ur bad habits, we must first examine ur bad habit cycles and then try t adapt them. We can d this by cmbining the infrmatin frm ur habit cycles with ur wn psitive ideas. Fr example, we culd try t replace a negative rutine with smething mre psitive. S, when we feel unhappy again (cue), rather than eat snacks, we culd listen t sme f ur favurite music instead (rutine) which will make us feel relaxed (reward). Aside frm changing bad habits, we can als use the habit cycle t create gd habits. Fr example, when we cme t an escalatr (cue), ur nrmal rutine is t ride it, but we culd change this rutine int smething mre psitive by taking the stairs instead.为了促进我们不良习惯的积极改变，我们必须首先审视我们的不良习惯循环，然后尝试去改变它们。为了做到这一点，我们可以把来自我们不良习惯循环的信息与我们自己的积极想法结合起来。例如，我们可以试着将一个消极的惯常行为替换为一个更积极的东西。因此，当我们再次感到不高兴时(触发因素)，我们可以听几首自己最喜爱的音乐(惯常行为)，而不是吃零食，这会使我们感到放松(回报)。除了改变不良习惯之外，我们还可以利用习惯循环来养成良好的习惯。例如，当我们走到电梯前的时候(触发因素)，我们的惯常行为是乘坐电梯，但是我们可以改为走楼梯，从而将上述惯常行为改变为一个更积极的事情。
Many f us try t change bad habits quickly, and if we are nt successful straight away we ften becme pessimistic and give up. In fact, the mst successful way t change is nt suddenly, but ver a perid f time. As the Chinese philspher La Zi wrte, “A jurney f a thusand miles begins with a single step.” One step seems small, but it is essential. T reach the gal f change, a persn must shw sme discipline and repeatedly take many small steps. After all, it is nt easy t break bad habits.我们中很多人试图迅速改变不良习惯，一旦没有立刻成功，我们往往变得悲观，继而放弃。事实上，改变不良习惯的最佳方法不是一蹴而就，而是需要一段时间。正如中国哲学家老子所说:“千里之行，始于足下。” 一步似乎很小，却至关重要。为了实现改变这一目标，一个人必须展示出一定程度的自制力，不断地出许多小步。毕竟，戒除不良习惯并非易事。
Fr yung peple, there is plenty f time t change bad habits. Hwever, there is n “magic pill” r delete buttn that will help yu; yu have t think abut yur bad habits and decide n sme changes. Yu have the pwer t build a happy and healthy life full f gd habits!对年轻人来说，有大量的时间可以改变不良习惯。然而，能帮助你的“魔力丸”或删除键并不存在;你必须思考自己的不良习惯，选定一些作出改变。你有能力构建一种充满良好习惯的快乐、健康的生活!
As teenagers grw up，they becme mre independent and start making their wn decisins.Hwever，during this perid，it can be easy 1.___ sme f them t frm bad habits.These bad habits，if 2.____(leave) unchecked，culd lead t mre serius nes when they becme (change) bad habits is never easy，even with many attempts.The gd news is that we can change ur bad habits if we understand 4.___ habits wrk.T facilitate 5.___ psitive change in ur bad habits，we must first examine ur bad habit cycles and then try t adapt them.We can d this by 6._________(cmbine) the infrmatin frm ur habit cycles with ur wn psitive ideas.We can als use the habit cycle 7._________(create) gd habits.Many f us try t change bad habits quickly，and if we are nt successful straight away，we ften becme pessimistic and give up.In fact，the mst successful way t change is nt suddenly,8.___ ver a perid f time.T reach the gal f change，a persn must 9.__________(repeated) take many small steps.Yung peple have the pwer 10.________(build) a happy and healthy life full f gd habits!
Just ___ Aristtle put it,“We are what we repeatedly d.”In many aspects, ur lifestyle is the result f the chices that we have made. S ________(frm) gd habits is very imprtant, especially fr teenagers. That's because bad habits, if ____ (leave) unchecked, culd lead t mre serius nes when we becme adults. The gd news is that we can change ur bad habits if we understand ____ habits wrk. ___________(prevent) harmful habits frm dminating ur life, we shuld make use f the “habit cycle” t kick bad habits and develp gd nes. First we can facilitate ___ psitive change by examining ur bad habit cycles and trying t adapt them. Aside frm this, we shuld als frm gd habits n purpse. Gradually, we ________________ (reward) by ur actins. Many f us try t change bad habits quickly. But if we are nt successful straight away, dn't becme pessimistic. As a matter f fact, the______________ (successful) way t change is nt suddenly, but ver a perid f time. As the Chinese saying ges, “A jurney f a thusand miles _______ (begin)with a single step.” As lng as we __________(repeat) take many small steps, we are sure t get rid f bad habits and build a healthy life.
will be rewarded
mst successful
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