湖北省老河口市第一中学2024-2025学年高二上学期开学摸底考试英语试题（解析版）

这是一份湖北省老河口市第一中学2024-2025学年高二上学期开学摸底考试英语试题（解析版），共21页。

1. 答题前, 考生先将自己的姓名、准考证号码填写清楚, 将条形码准确粘贴在考生信息条形码粘贴区。
2. 选择题必须使用2B铅笔填涂; 非选择题必须使用0.5毫米黑色字迹的签字笔书写, 字体工整、笔迹清楚。
3. 请按照题号顺序在答题卡各题目的答题区域内作答, 超出答题区域书写的答案无效; 在草稿纸、试卷上答题无效。
4. 作图可先使用铅笔画出, 确定后必须用黑色字迹的签字笔描黑。
5. 保持卡面清洁, 不要折叠, 不要弄破、弄皱, 不准使用涂改液、修正带、刮纸刀。
第一部分 听力(1-20小题)在笔试结束后进行。
第一节
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. What des the man want t d in the future?
A. Start his wn business.
B. Teach in a private schl.
C. Wrk at a Lndn restaurant.
2. What des the man prbably d?
A. A htel manager.
B. A bank clerk.
C. A taxi driver.
3. Why is the wman unhappy with the man?
A. He was late t meet her.
B. He didn’t tell her his lcatin.
C. He didn’t return the bk n time.
4. What des the wman prbably want t buy?
A. Clthes. B. Clrful lights. C. Skin care prducts.
5. What is the man ding?
A. Walking thrugh a frest.
B. Visiting the wman’s huse.
C. Planting flwers in his garden.
第二节
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6. What rle des the wman wish t take in the schl play?
A. The vilinist.
B. The writer.
C. The actress.
7. Which instrument des the man learn t play recently?
A. The guitar.
B. The vilin.
C. The guzheng.
听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。
8. Why des the wman give up getting her car fixed?
A. It is beynd repair.
B. She has t spend a lt fixing it.
C. Her grandfather will buy her a new ne.
9. Hw des the wman plan t get t schl?
A. By bus. B. On ft. C. By bike.
听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。
10. What will the weather be like ver the weekend?
A. Rainy. B. Windy. C. Sunny.
11. What is the relatinship between the speakers?
A. Friends. B. Classmates. C. Family members.
12. What is the wman ging t d next Tuesday?
A. Meet friends in a park.
B. Stay at hme and watch TV.
C. Help her father with sme husewrk.
听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。
13. Where des the cnversatin prbably take place?
A. In a gym. B. In an ffice. C. In a restaurant.
14. When des the cnversatin take place?
A. In the mrning. B. In the afternn. C. In the evening.
15. Hw is the wman feeling?
A. Pleased. B. Anxius. C. Cnfident.
16 Which department des the wman prbably wrk in?
A. Supprt services. B. Technlgy. C. Marketing.
听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。
17. What des the speaker mainly talk abut?
A. His schl life. B. His writing career. C. His wrk experience.
18. What did the speaker end up studying at university?
A. Science.
B. Literature.
C. Jurnalism and cmmunicatin.
19. When will the science fictin be published?
A. In 6 mnths. B. In 8 mnths. C. In 14 mnths.
20. Hw can the speaker be described?
A. Aimless. B. Determined. C. Overcnfident.
第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分)
第一节 (共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Best Walking Turs in Lndn
Lndn is ne f the mst walkable capital cities in the wrld. Peple may think yu’ re mad if yu d lace up yur sneakers — here are Lndn’s best walking turs fr yur next visit. drive a car arund twn. Besides, nthing quite lets yu get t knw a city like a gd walk arund. S, lace up yur sneakers — here are Lndn’s best walking turs fr yur next visit.
Tur fr Muggles
This is a can’t-miss trip in England. The tur starts near Lndn Bridge subway statin and mves n t lcatins used in the Harry Ptter films (and several bk lcatins). There’s ne subway ride (LndnBridge t Westminster) but therwise it’s all n ft. Grups are capped t 20 and accept turists f all ages.
Jermyn Street Fashin Walk
A seriusly prfessinal private tur t match yur preferences. Grups are recmmended n larger than eight, and it’s all dne n ft. Mst f the guides, wh lead the Jermyn Street walk, have a backgrund f art, histry r fashin, and ne even trained as a tailr.
Histric Pubs, Fd & Beer Tur
Think f this as a walk with friends rather than a tur (grups are capped at 12). Yu meet at a best selfie spt — at Rtherhithe, verlking the Thames — then catch the vergrund train t the pubs. By reservatin nly. Five f Lndn’s mst histric pubs in fur hurs is nt an easy but wrthwhile task.
East End Walks
East End Walks is a cllectin f 15 turs run by ne man, David Rsenberg. The turs cver the scial histry f the traditinally wrking class area. Grups are capped at 30. Yu meet near the subway statin. Rsenberg, whse grandparents mved t the East End as children, lves the area and its scial histry a lt — it hlds the stry f the wrking class, which is rarely tld.
1. Which tur best suits peple wh are interested in the histry f the wrking class?
A. Tur fr MugglesB. Jermyn Street Fashin Walk
C. East End WalksD. Histric Pubs, Fd & Beer Tur
2. What d the fur walking turs have in cmmn?
A. They limit the number f a grup.B. They have prfessinal guides.
C. They are private turs t yur preference.D. They recmmend reservatin in advance.
3 Where is the text prbably taken frm?
A. A news reprt.B. A travel brchure.
C. A gegraphic magazine.D. A histry textbk.
【答案】1. C 2. A 3. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇应用文。伦敦是世界上最适合步行的首都城市之一。文章介绍了四大伦敦最好的徒步旅行。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据East End Walks部分的“The turs cver the scial histry f the traditinally wrking class area.(这些旅游涵盖了传统工人阶级地区的社会历史)”可知，对工人阶级历史感兴趣的人们最适合去East End Walks。故选C。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段的“Grups are capped t 20 and accept turists f all ages.(团体人数上限为20人，并接受所有年龄段的游客)”，第三段的“Grups are recmmended n larger than eight, and it’s all dne n ft.(团体旅游建议不超过8人，全程步行)”，第四段的“Think f this as a walk with friends rather than a tur (grups are capped at 12).(你可以把这当成是和朋友一起散步，而不是旅游(团体人数上限为12人))”及第五段“Grups are capped at 30.(团体人数上限为30人)”可知，四大徒步之旅都限制团队人数。故选A。
【3题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段的“S, lace up yur sneakers — here are Lndn’s best walking turs fr yur next visit.( 所以，系好你的运动鞋吧——下面是你下次来伦敦时最好的徒步旅行)”可知，文章介绍了四大伦敦最后的徒步旅行。由此推知，本文可能选自一本旅游小册子。故选B。
B
Where des the meat n ur table cme frm? It usually cmes frm livestck like chickens and cws. But did yu knw that meat can als be made in a lab? US cmpany JUST has annunced that lab-grwn meat culd be n sme restaurant menus in the United States and Asia by the end f 2018, The Independent reprted.
“These meats include chicken nuggets (鸡块), sausage and fie gras (鹅肝酱),” Jsh Tetrick, CEO f JUST, tld The Independent. Lab meat is smetimes referred t as “clean meat”. It is made using the stem cells (干细胞) f living livestck. The cells need t be grwn in a lab fr a few weeks. Fr example, making a hamburger patty (肉饼) takes abut nine weeks, CNN reprted. This is faster than raising a cw, which usually takes ver 20 weeks.
The first clean meat was a beef burger that was prduced in 2013, but it was said t taste quite dry. Hw des clean meat taste nw? Clean meat supprters tld CNN that they think it tastes just like traditinal meat.
Clean meat has ther advantages. It is healthier than traditinal meat. Meat prducers can cntrl what type f fat ges int the meat. They can prduce clean meat that cntains healthy fats, such as mega-3 fatty acids (脂肪酸). This kind f fat is gd fr peple’s hearts.
Clean meat can als help t slve glbal warming. Accrding t The Washingtn Pst, abut 14.5 percent f the planet’s greenhuse gas emissins (排放) cme frm raising livestck. That’s mre than the emissins frm every car, train, ship and airplane in the wrld cmbined. It is predicted that switching t clean meat culd lwer greenhuse gas emissins by 96 percent, The Independent reprted.
4. Where may the meat we eat cme frm in future?
A. Cmpanies.B. Greenhuses.C. Labs.D. Restaurants.
5. What can be used t make “clean meat”?
A. Stem cells.B. Fatty acids.
C. Hamburger patties.D. Chicken nuggets.
6. What is the advantage f clean meat?
A. It is fatty.B. It is healthy.C. It is free.D. It is smelly.
7. What d we knw abut clean meat frm the last paragraph?
A. It cmes frm livestck.B. It can be switched ff.
C. It results in glbal warming.D. It benefits envirnment.
【答案】4. C 5. A 6. B 7. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章讲主要介绍了未来我们可以在实验室制造出清洁肉类，这种肉类比传统肉类更健康，对环境有益。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段中“US cmpany JUST has annunced that lab-grwn meat culd be n sme restaurant menus in the United States and Asia by the end f 2018, The Independent reprted.(据《独立报》报道，美国JUST公司宣布，到2018年底，美国和亚洲的一些餐厅菜单上可能会出现实验室培育的肉类。)”可知，我们将来吃的肉可能来自实验室。故选C项。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中“Lab meat is smetimes referred t as “clean meat”. It is made using the stem cells (干细胞) f living livestck.(实验室的肉有时被称为“清洁肉类”。它是用活牲畜的干细胞制成的。)”可知，清洁肉类是由干细胞制成的。故选A项。
【6题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段中“Clean meat has ther advantages. It is healthier than traditinal meat.(清洁肉类还有其他好处。它比传统肉类更健康。)”可知，清洁肉类的好处是清洁肉类比传统肉类更健康。故选B项。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“Clean meat can als help t slve glbal warming. Accrding t The Washingtn Pst, abut 14.5 percent f the planet’s greenhuse gas emissins (排放) cme frm raising livestck. That’s mre than the emissins frm every car, train, ship and airplane in the wrld cmbined. It is predicted that switching t clean meat culd lwer greenhuse gas emissins by 96 percent, The Independent reprted.(清洁肉类也有助于解决全球变暖问题。据《华盛顿邮报》报道，地球上大约14.5%的温室气体排放来自饲养牲畜。这比世界上所有汽车、火车、轮船和飞机的排放量加起来还要多。据《独立报》报道，据预测，改用清洁肉类可以减少96%的温室气体排放。)”可知，清洁肉类有助于解决全球变暖问题，对环境有好处。故选D项。
C
Having lived in Califrnia until 1970, my family has felt a number f earthquakes. We have been frtunate, hwever, t have suffered n bdily harm r prperty damage.
There is a website that lists all Califrnian earthquakes recrded frm 1769 t the present. The site lists the dates and time as well as the magnitude (震级) and the exact lcatin f any earthquake that measured mre than 6.0. There are nly a few earthquakes that stand ut in my memry and, luckily, nne is shwn in the website. S, my persnal experience with earthquakes might be cnsidered insignificant.
There are three earthquakes that are difficult t frget. The first ne was in 1955 and ur ldest daughter was walking with me in ur backyard in Redwd City in Califrnia. As the shaking became strnger, I held her t me with ne arm as I held n t ne f ur fruit trees with the ther. All three f us (my daughter, I and the tree) shk fr tw r three minutes that t us felt like hurs.
The secnd ne was in 1963. Our entire family was visiting Disneyland in Suthern Califrnia. The earth started t shake just as we were beginning t walk frm ur htel twards the famus landmark.
My third experience with an earthquake was a lnely ne in Califrnia. It was in my sixties and I was alne in an ld church. As the building started t shake, I quickly headed fr the dr t g utside. I remember I said a few prayers—smething like “Help me get ut f here in time, dear Heavenly Father.” Minutes later, I was safe utside.
8. The authr writes the passage mainly t tell us abut ________.
A. a new film abut an earthquakeB. hw t survive an earthquake
C. his three earthquake experiencesD. hw t save children in an earthquake
9. The earthquakes the authr experienced ________.
A. all caused bdily harmB. are all recrded in a website
C. all measured mre than 6.0D. all happened in Califrnia
10. When the first earthquake happened, the authr ________.
A. was staying with his daughterB. was planting fruit trees
C. was hlding n t a tree fr hursD. was in a htel
11. What des the underlined part “the famus landmark” refer t?
A. A church.B. Disneyland.
C. A building destryed by an earthquake.D. The place where the authr was brn.
【答案】8. C 9. D 10. A 11. B
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。作者讲述了自己在加州所经历的三次地震的情况。
【8题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第三段“There are three earthquakes that are difficult t frget. The first ne was in 1955 and ur ldest daughter was walking with me in ur backyard in Redwd City in Califrnia.”（有三次地震让人难以忘怀。第一次是在1955年，我们的大女儿和我一起在加州雷德伍德市我们家的后院散步）;根据第四段“The secnd ne was in 1963.”（第二次是在1963年）根据第五段“My third experience with an earthquake was a lnely ne in Califrnia.”（我的第三次地震经历是独自一人在加利福尼亚的一次地震）可知，作者主要向读者介绍了自己所经历的三次地震的情况。故选C项。
【9题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段“There are three earthquakes that are difficult t frget. The first ne was in 1955 and ur ldest daughter was walking with me in ur backyard in Redwd City in Califrnia.”（有三次地震让人难以忘怀。第一次是在1955年，我们的大女儿和我一起在加州雷德伍德市我们家的后院散步）根据第四段“The secnd ne was in 1963. Our entire family was visiting Disneyland in Suthern Califrnia.”（第二次是在1963年。我们全家去了南加州的迪士尼乐园）；根据第五段“My third experience with an earthquake was a lnely ne in Califrnia.”（我的第三次地震经历是独自一人在加利福尼亚的一次地震）可知，三次地震都发生在加利福尼亚。故选D项。
【10题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段“There are three earthquakes that are difficult t frget. The first ne was in 1955 and ur ldest daughter was walking with me in ur backyard in Redwd City in Califrnia.”（有三次地震让人难以忘怀。第一次是在1955年，我们的大女儿和我一起在加州雷德伍德市我们家的后院散步）由此可知，第一次地震发生时，作者和女儿待在一起。故选A项。
【11题详解】
词句猜测题。根据第四段的“ Our entire family was visiting Disneyland...” （我们全家都去了迪士尼乐园）可知，就在我们正要从旅馆走向迪士尼乐园的时候，打的开始摇晃起因此来，“the famus landmark”是指Disneyland。故选B。
D
What makes preschlers eat their vegetables? Raise their hand? Wait their turn? “Because I say s” is a cmment that parents ften repeat. But when it cmes t getting kids t behave, a recent study by Duke University researchers suggests that the vice f adult authrity isn’t the nly thing that matters. Arund age three, fitting in with the grup starts t cunt big t.
T understand what cause preschlers t fall in line, the researchers cnducted a test in a lab, where they invited 3.5-year-lds t help set up fr a pretend tea party. Each f the 104 children was given a blue sticker（贴纸）t wear at the start f the study, and tld that the peple with that clr sticker were part f the same team. Next the researchers watched as the children decided amng different kinds f teas, snacks, cups and plates fr the tea party, first n their wn and then after listening t the chices f ther team members.
Smetimes the ther team members cnsidered their chice as a matter f persnal preference (“Fr my tea party tday, I feel like using this snack.”) Other times they presented it as a need shared by the whle grup. (“Fr ur tea parties tday, we always use this kind f snack.”)
After listening t the chices f thers, mst f the time the children stuck with their first chice. In ther wrds, children wh had said they felt like using, say, the ckie finally picked the ckie n matter what the ther persn said they were using. But 23% f the time the children changed their chice t accept smene else’s. And when they did, they were mre likely t g alng with the ther persn when a chice was presented as a grup need rather than just a persnal preference. The finding held up even when the ther persn was anther child, nt an adult.
12. What’s the recent study mainly abut?
A. Parent training.B. Scial rules.
C. Child behavir.D. Eating habits.
13. What des the underlined wrd “fall in line” refer t in paragraph 2?
A. Stand in a line.B. Jin the grup.
C. Listen t the parents.D. Attend a party.
14. What made children accept thers’ chice?
A. The cmmn need.B. The advice f adults.
C. The delicius ckie.D. The individual preference.
15. Which f the fllwing is suitable title fr the text?
A. Adults Are Lsing Their Authrity
B. 3-Year-Olds Want t Fit int the Grup.
C. Children Are Nt Brn Knwing What t D
D. Kids Are Acting Out f a Sense f Cpying Adults.
【答案】12. C 13. B 14. A 15. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。很多人认为孩子的行为规矩是因为成年人对他们所提出的要求，最近的一项研究表明，成年人权威的声音并不是唯一重要的事情。在三岁左右，融入群体也开始变得重要起来。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段“But when it cmes t getting kids t behave, a recent study by Duke University researchers suggests that the vice f adult authrity isn’t the nly thing that matters. Arund age three, fitting in with the grup starts t cunt big t.(但说到让孩子规规矩矩，杜克大学(Duke University)研究人员最近的一项研究表明，成年人权威的声音并不是唯一重要的事情。在三岁左右，融入群体也开始变得重要起来。)”可知，这项研究主要是关于孩子们的行为，故选C。
【13题详解】
词义猜测题。根据第一段“What makes preschlers eat their vegetables? Raise their hand? Wait their turn? “Because I say s” is a cmment that parents ften repeat. (是什么让学龄前儿童吃蔬菜？举手吗？等待轮到它们吗？“因为我这么说”是父母经常重复的一句话。)”可知，很多父母认为孩子的行为是因为父母提出的要求，孩子听从父母的要求，结合第一小题的解析可知，对孩子行为的研究表明，成年人的声音不是唯一重要的事情，融入集体也有很大影响。结合划线词所在句“T understand what cause preschlers t fall in line, the researchers cnducted a test in a lab, where they invited 3.5-year-lds t help set up fr a pretend tea party. (为了了解是什么原因导致学龄前儿童fall in line，研究人员在实验室里进行了一项测试，他们邀请3.5岁的孩子帮助布置一个虚拟的茶话会。)”可知，研究是为了了解孩子融入集体的原因，由此可推知，短语fall in line表示“融入集体”，故选B。
【14题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段“But 23% f the time the children changed their chice t accept smene else’s. And when they did, they were mre likely t g alng with the ther persn when a chice was presented as a grup need rather than just a persnal preference. The finding held up even when the ther persn was anther child, nt an adult.(但有23%的孩子改变了选择，接受了别人的选择。当他们这样做的时候，当一个选择作为群体需要而不是个人偏好出现时，他们更有可能同意另一个人的选择。即使对方是另一个孩子，而不是成年人，这一发现仍然成立。)”可知，孩子会根据集体需要而改变自己的选择。故选A。
【15题详解】
主旨大意题。通读全文结合第一段“But when it cmes t getting kids t behave, a recent study by Duke University researchers suggests that the vice f adult authrity isn’t the nly thing that matters. Arund age three, fitting in with the grup starts t cunt big t.(但说到让孩子规规矩矩，杜克大学(Duke University)研究人员最近的一项研究表明，成年人权威的声音并不是唯一重要的事情。在三岁左右，融入群体也开始变得重要起来。)”可知，本文主要是关于一项对孩子行为的研究，研究结果表明，三岁孩子会因为群体需求而改变自己的选择，融入群体对孩子的行为产生影响，所以B项“3-Year-Olds Want t Fit int the Grup.(3岁的孩子想融入群体。)”符合文章中心主旨，适合作为本文标题，故选B。
第二节 (共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
I have cllected sme examples that shuld be an inspiratin t anyne wh desires t be successful. They shw that if yu want t succeed yu shuld expect failure alng the way. I actually believe that failure can encurage yu n and make yu try even harder. ____16____ The Truly successful things wn’t be beaten, they take respnsibility fr failure, learn frm it and start all ver frm a strnger psitin.
Walt Disney — ne f the greatest business leaders wh created the glbal Disney empire f film studis, theme parks and cnsumer prducts didn’t start ff successful. ____17____ Believe it r nt, Walt was fired frm an early jb at the Kansas City Star Newspaper because he was nt creative enugh! In 1922 he started his first cmpany called Laugh-O-Gram. The Kansas based n business wuld prduce cartns and shrt advertising films. ____18____ Walt didn’t give up, he packed up, went t Hllywd and started The Walt Disney Cmpany.
Bill Gates-c-funder and chairman f Micrsft set up a business called Traf-O-Data. The partnership between him, Paul Allen and Paul Gilbert was based n a gd idea but a flawed business mdel that left the cmpany with few custmers. ____19____ Hwever, Bill Gates and Paul Allen tk what they learned and avided thse mistakes when they created the Micrsft empire.
____20____ I hpe that these are inspiratin and mtivatin fr everyne wh aspires t be successful in whatever way they chse. D yu agree r disagree with me?
A. S, the ne thing successful peple never d is: Give up!
B. In 1923, the business went bankrupt.
C He was greatly depressed.
D. Every experience f failure increases the hunger fr success.
E. The cmpany ran up lsses between 1974 and 1980 befre it was clsed.
F. Many factrs may affect yur success.
G. Befre the great success came a number f failures.
【答案】16. D 17. G 18. B 19. E 20. A
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文，文章通过举例说明了成功人士在成功之前经历过的失败，并强调了失败是成功的垫脚石。
【16题详解】
根据前文“They shw that if yu want t succeed yu shuld expect failure alng the way. I actually believe that failure can encurage yu n and make yu try even harder.(它们表明，如果你想成功，你应该预料到一路上会有失败。我实际上相信失败可以鼓励你继续努力。)”和后文“The Truly successful things wn’t be beaten, they take respnsibility fr failure, learn frm it and start all ver frm a strnger psitin.(真正成功的人不会被打败，他们对失败负责，从中吸取教训，从一个更强大的位置重新开始。)”可知，每一次失败的经历都会增加对成功的渴望。选项D“每一次失败的经历都会增加对成功的渴望。”符合语境。故选D。
【17题详解】
根据前文“Walt Disney — ne f the greatest business leaders wh created the glbal Disney empire f film studis, theme parks and cnsumer prducts didn’t start ff successful. (华特·迪士尼——创造了全球迪斯尼帝国的最伟大的商业领袖之一，包括电影制片厂、主题公园和消费品，但他一开始并不成功。)”和后文“Believe it r nt, Walt was fired frm an early jb at the Kansas City Star Newspaper because he was nt creative enugh!(信不信由你，沃尔特因为不够有创意而被堪萨斯城星报解雇了！)”可知，沃尔特在取得巨大成功之前并不成功，后文列举了失败的例子。选项G“在取得巨大成功之前经历了许多失败。”符合语境。故选G。
【18题详解】
根据前文“In 1922 he started his first cmpany called Laugh-O-Gram. The Kansas based n business wuld prduce cartns and shrt advertising films.(1922年，他创办了第一家公司，名为Laugh-O-Gram。这家位于堪萨斯的公司将制作卡通片和短广告片。)”和后文“Walt didn’t give up, he packed up, went t Hllywd and started The Walt Disney Cmpany.(沃尔特没有放弃，他收拾行李，去了好莱坞，创办了华特迪士尼公司。)”可知，发生了变故，导致沃尔特收拾行李，去了好莱坞，创办了华特迪士尼公司。选项B“1923年，公司破产了。”，从时间上承接1922，相吻合，符合语境。故选B。
【19题详解】
根据前文“Bill Gates-c-funder and chairman f Micrsft set up a business called Traf-O-Data. The partnership between him, Paul Allen and Paul Gilbert was based n a gd idea but a flawed business mdel that left the cmpany with few custmers.(微软联合创始人兼董事长比尔·盖茨创办了一家名为Traf-O-Data的公司。他与保罗·艾伦和保罗·吉尔伯特的合作基于一个好主意，但由于商业模式存在缺陷，公司客户很少。)”和后文“Hwever, Bill Gates and Paul Allen tk what they learned and avided thse mistakes when they created the Micrsft empire.(然而，比尔·盖茨和保罗·艾伦吸取了教训，避免了那些错误，创建了微软帝国。)”可知，后文提到了“那些错误”，空格处应该继续描述这家公司不好的状态，继而引出后文的“创建了微软帝国”。选项E“公司在1974年至1980年间亏损后关闭。”符合语境。故选E。
【20题详解】
空格处是最后一段的首句，应该起到总结全文的作用。后文“I hpe that these are inspiratin and mtivatin fr everyne wh aspires t be successful in whatever way they chse.(我希望这些能激励和激励每一个渴望成功的人。)”可知，最后一段总结全文列举的成功人士从不放弃的这些例子，对读者进行呼吁。选项A“所以，成功人士从不做的一件事就是：放弃！”符合语境。故选A。
第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节 (共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Faye and Matthew Gding and their five yung sns appear t have perfect lives. Mrs. Gding___21___ beautiful phts f life in their fur-bedrm huse n Instagram (一种社交软件), and mre than 32,000 peple ____22____them. Fr the cuple themselves,____23____, this “materially (物质地)perfect wrld” was lacking smething—s nw they are giving up all their ____24____t travel arund the wrld with their kids.
This was the last Christmas that the cuple spent in their huse, which has already been sld. Mst f their belngings are____25____t. Shrtly their Frd car will be sld and the family will take just ne backpack each.
Mrs. Gding said: “Sme friends and family think Matt and I are____26____t be giving up s much. It’s been difficult giving up s many pssessins. Yet____27____enjying spending time with the bys, I fund myself cleaning the huse all day befre. The lder nes were at schl and I thught, ‘I____28____ see them’. I admitted hw I felt t Matt. He agreed it felt as if ur lives mved arund____29____things—bth f us wrking t____30____ the mrtgage (贷款)and keep urselves in ur materially perfect wrld.”
They will leave this mnth and plan t start their_____31_____in Sweden where they have friends.
Mr. Gding added: “Peple have said ‘aren’t yu wrried abut stability and safety?’—____32____as we have five small children. It is a(an)____33____because we are giving up s much. But we can't wait t spend mre time with ur sns withut the____34____f everyday rutines. We dn’t knw what will happen, but we d knw if we didn’t d this we wuld always_____35_____it.”
21. A. takesB. savesC. sellsD. psts
22. A. hateB. cmpareC. fllwD. intrduce
23. A. hweverB. therefreC. therwiseD. furthermre
24. A. mneyB. pssessinsC. equipmentD. lives
25. A. stlenB. watchedC. rentedD. gne
26. A. relaxingB. realisticC. humrusD. mad
27. A. rather thanB. ther thanC. mre thanD. less than
28. A. regularlyB. hardlyC. frequentlyD. recently
29. A. beautifulB. unnecessaryC. materialD. spiritual
30. A. ask frB. lk intC. buyD. pay
31. A. jbsB. respnsibilitiesC. relatinshipsD. travels
32. A. interestinglyB. particularlyC. luckilyD. abslutely
33. A. hnrB. requirementC. riskD. must
34. A. freedmB. distancesC. stressesD. predictin
35. A. regretB. endC. accessD. value
【答案】21. D 22. C 23. A 24. B 25. D 26. D 27. A 28. B 29. C 30. D 31. D 32. B 33. C 34. C 35. A
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇记叙文。古丁太太家庭富足生活完美，但是她和丈夫发现这些只是物质上的完美。为了追求精神上的完美生活，他们决定卖掉家产带着孩子们环球旅行。
【详解】1.考查动词辨析。句意：古丁太太在Instagram上发布了他们四居室房子里美丽的生活照片，有超过3.2万人关注了这些照片。A.takes拿走；B.saves节省；C.sells卖；D.psts上传。根据n Instagram可知，此处是指古丁太太在Instagram上发布了照片。故选D。
2.考查动词辨析。句意：古丁太太在Instagram上发布了他们四居室房子里美丽的生活照片，有超过3.2万人关注了这些照片。A.hate讨厌；B.cmpare比较；C.fllw 关注；D.intrduce介绍。根据“beautiful phts f life in their fur-bedrm huse n Instagram”可知，这张照片被许多人关注。故选C。
3.考查副词辨析。句意：然而，对这对夫妇自己来说，这个“物质完美的世界”缺少了什么——所以现在他们放弃了所有的财产，带着孩子周游世界。A.hwever但是； B.therefre因此；C.therwise否则；D.furthermre此外，而且。后文 this “materially (物质地)perfect wrld” was lacking smething和前文“Faye and Matthew Gding and their five yung sns appear t have perfect lives. ”（菲耶和马修·古丁夫妇和他们五个年幼的儿子似乎拥有完美的生活。）构成转折关系。故选A。
4.考查名词辨析。句意：然而，对这对夫妇自己来说，这个“物质完美的世界”缺少了什么——所以现在他们放弃了所有的财产，带着孩子周游世界。A.mney钱； B.pssessins财产； C.equipment设备；D.lives生活。根据后文This was the last Christmas that the cuple spent in their huse, which has already been sld.（这是这对夫妇在他们的房子里度过的最后一个圣诞节，房子已经被卖掉了。）可知，他们放弃了所有的财产。故选B。
5.考查动词辨析。句意：他们的大部分财物也都不见了。A.stlen偷； B.watched观看； C.rented租借；D.gne消失。根据前文This was the last Christmas that the cuple spent in their huse, which has already been sld.（这是这对夫妇在他们的房子里度过的最后一个圣诞节，房子已经被卖掉了。）可知，他们的大部分财物也都不见了。故选D。
6.考查形容词辨析。句意：古丁太太说：“一些朋友和家人认为马特和我放弃这么多东西是疯了。”A.relaxing令人放松的；B.realistic现实的；C.humrus幽默的；D.mad疯狂的。根据后文“It’s been difficult giving up s many pssessins. ”（放弃这么多财产是很困难的。）可知，别人认为这一家人疯了。故选D。
7.考查固定短语辨析。句意：然而，我非但没有享受和孩子们在一起的时光，反而发现自己之前一整天都在打扫房子。A.rather than而不是；B.ther than除了；C.mre than比……多； D.less than比……少。根据“I fund myself cleaning the huse all day befre”可知，古丁太太并没有享受和孩子们在一起的时光。故选A。
8.考查副词辨析。句意：大一点的孩子在学校，我想，“我几乎看不到他们”。A.regularly规律地；B.hardly几乎不；C.frequently频繁地；D.recently最近。根据“The lder nes were at schl”可知，古丁太太几乎见不到大一点的孩子们。故选B。
9.考查形容词辨析。句意：他承认，我们的生活似乎在围绕着物质的东西转动。A.beautiful美丽的；B.unnecessary不必要的；C.material物质上的；D.spiritual精神上的。根据“bth f us wrking t pay the mrtgage (贷款)and keep urselves in ur materially perfect wrld”（我们俩都工作来付房贷，保持物质世界的完美）可知，我们的生活似乎在围绕着物质的东西转动。故选C。
10.考查动词短语和动词辨析。句意：我们俩都工作来付房贷，保持物质世界的完美。A.ask fr要求； B.lk int调查；C.buy买；D.pay付。根据“wrking t”和“ the mrtgage ”可知，此处是指努力工作还房贷。故选D。
11.考查名词辨析。句意：他们将于本月出发，计划在瑞典开始他们的旅行，他们在那里有朋友。A.jbs工作；B.respnsibilities责任；C.relatinships关系；D.travels旅行。根据前文“travel arund the wrld with their kids”（和孩子们一起环游世界）可知，他们要开始旅行。故选D。
12.考查副词辨析。句意：古丁补充说:“人们说，你不担心稳定性和安全吗?”——尤其是我们有五个小孩。A.interestingly有趣地；B.particularly尤其；C.luckily幸运地；D.abslutely完全地。在有小孩的情况下，旅行的安全性和稳定性尤其要考虑。故选B。
13.考查名词辨析。句意：这是一种风险，因为我们要放弃这么多。A.hnr荣耀； B.requirement要求；C.risk冒险，风险；D.must必需品。根据“we are giving up s much”可知，这是一种冒险。故选C。
14.考查名词辨析。句意：但是我们迫不及待地想要花更多的时间和儿子们在一起，远离日常生活的压力。A.freedm自由；B.distances距离；C.stresses压力；D.predictin预测。根据前文“bth f us wrking t pay the mrtgage (贷款)and keep urselves in ur materially perfect wrld”（我们俩都工作来付房贷，保持物质世界的完美）可知，日常生活给我们带来很多压力。故选C。
15.考查动词辨析。句意：我们不知道会发生什么，但我们知道如果我们不这样做，我们会一直后悔。A.regret后悔；B.end结束；C.access接近，使用；D.value珍重。根据转折词but可知，古丁太太认为如果不这样做他们会一直后悔。故选A。
第二节 (共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Here are tw athletes wh are masters in their sprts and als set ____36____ gd example fr thers.
Lang Ping, as a player, brught hnur and glry t her cuntry. As a cach, she led the China wmen’s vlleyball team t _____37_____ (medal) at wrld champinships and the Olympics. When the Chinese team was preparing fr the 2015 Wrld Cup, her ____38____ (determine) was tested. The team she had built was falling apart. Tw f her players had t leave. ____39____ (face) the challenge, Lang Ping didn’t lse heart. She knew that her yung players culd win ___40___ they wrked tgether as a team. Tw weeks later, they were wrld champins.
Michael Jrdan, wh became knwn as “Air Jrdan”, changed basketball with his graceful mves and jumps. His skills were ___41___ (impress), but the mental strength he shwed made him unique. In the final secnds f a game, Jrdan always seemed t find a way ___42___ (win). Jrdan says that the secret ___43___ his success is learning frm his failures. Lsing games taught him t practise ___44___ (hard) than befre and never give up. In life, Jrdan has learnt t share his success with thers. The Bys and Girls Club he started in Chicag ___45___ (help) yung peple since 1996.
【答案】36. a 37. medals
38. determinatin
39. Facing 40. if
41. impressive
42. t win 43. f##t
44 harder 45. has been helping
【解析】
【导语】本文是人物传记。文章讲述了中国女排教练郎平和篮球传奇迈克尔·乔丹的故事，展示了他们在各自领域的成就和对他人的积极影响。
【36题详解】
考查冠词。句意：这里有两位运动员，他们是自己运动领域的大师，也为其他人树立了好榜样。set a gd example fr是固定短语“为……树立榜样”，表示泛指，gd 以辅音音素开头，应用不定冠词a。故填a。
【37题详解】
考查名词的数。句意：作为教练，她带领中国女排在世界锦标赛和奥运会上获得了奖牌。medal是可数名词，表示多个奖牌，应用复数形式。故填medals。
【38题详解】
考查名词。句意：当中国队准备参加2015年世界杯时，她的决心受到了考验。在形容词性物主代词her后，用名词作主语，determine的名词形式是determinatin。故填determinatin。
【39题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：面对挑战，郎平没有灰心。句子谓语动词是didn’t lse，空格处填入非谓语动词，face与其逻辑主语Lang Ping之间是主动关系，应用现在分词形式作状语，句首单词首字母大写。故填Facing。
【40题详解】
考查连词。句意：她知道如果她的年轻球员们作为一个团队一起努力，他们就能赢。空格后的句子是前文“能赢”的条件，用if引导条件状语从句。故填if。
【41题详解】
考查形容词。句意：他的技术令人印象深刻，但他所表现出的精神力量使他独一无二。在系动词were后用形容词作表语，impress的形容词形式是impressive“令人印象深刻的”。故填impressive。
【42题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：在比赛的最后几秒钟，乔丹总能找到获胜的方法。find a way t d sth是固定搭配，意为“找到做某事的方法”，动词不定式作后置定语修饰名词way。故填t win。
【43题详解】
考查介词。句意：乔丹说他成功的秘诀是从失败中学习。secret t…是固定搭配，意为“……的秘诀”也可以填入介词f，表示所属关系，the secret f his success意为“成功的秘诀”。故填f/t。
【44题详解】
考查副词比较级。句意：输掉比赛教会了他比以前更努力地练习，永不放弃。结合后文的than可知填入副词hard的比较级harder。故填harder。
【45题详解】
考查时态。句意：他在芝加哥创办的男孩女孩俱乐部自1996年以来一直在帮助年轻人。根据时间状语since 1996可知，表示动作从过去开始持续到现在，并且会持续下去，强调动作的延续性，应用现在完成进行时。主语是The Bys and Girls Club，助动词用has。故填has been helping。
第三部分 写作(共两节，满分40分)
第一节 (满分15分)
46. 假如你是李华，你的朋友Tm给你来信说近期由于饮食问题而身体不适，影响了学习和生活。请你按下面的要求给他写封信，建议他养成良好的饮食习惯。
1. 健康饮食的重要性；
2. 吃健康早餐，远离含脂肪、油、糖多的食物，多吃蔬菜水果；
3. 饮食均衡，有规律。
注意：
1. 词数80左右；
2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Dear Tm,
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Yurs,
Li Hua
【答案】Dear Tm
I’m srry t hear that yu are nt well recently and I advise yu shuld have a healthy eating habit.
Having healthy eating habits will help yu have a healthy bdy and mind, and enjy a happy life. There are many ways t develp healthy eating habits. Firstly, yu ught t start a day with a healthy breakfast. It will imprve yur perfrmance at schl. What’s mre, yu’d better keep away frm the fd that is rich in fat, il and sugar, eat mre fruit and vegetables and keep a balanced diet. In additin, yu shuld eat meals regularly every day.
In a wrd, healthy eating habits will help keep yu active and have a healthy lifestyle.
Yurs,
Li Hua
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生给朋友Tm写信，建议他养成良好的饮食习惯。
【详解】1.词汇积累
快乐的：happy→glad
总之：in a wrd→all in all
另外：what’s mre→besides
建议：advise→suggest
2.句式拓展
合并简单句
原句：Firstly, yu ught t start a day with a healthy breakfast. It will imprve yur perfrmance at schl.
拓展句：Firstly, yu ught t start a day with a healthy breakfast, which will imprve yur perfrmance at schl.
【点睛】【高分句型1】I’m srry t hear that yu are nt well recently and I advise yu shuld have a healthy eating habit. (运用了that引导宾语从句和省略that的宾语从句)
【高分句型2】What’s mre, yu’d better keep away frm the fd that is rich in fat, il and sugar, eat mre fruit and vegetables and keep a balanced diet. (运用了that引导的限制性定语从句)
第二节 (满分25分)
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。续写的词数应为150左右。
I remember the first time I met Ry. He was telling a jke. When he reached the final line, everyne burst ut laughing. “A ppular by,” I thught t myself. My name is Daniel. I was the new by in the class. There were 33 students in my new class, and mst peple weren’t very interested in a shy new by. Ry was kind t me. He ften invited me t jin his particular grup and we became gd friends. We trusted each ther and we culd talk abut persnal matters.
Five years later, Ry and I were still in the same class. But just a year ag Ry’s father was kncked ver by a car. He died a few days later. The family had difficulty with finance. Ry changed cmpletely. He started lsing friends, including me.
Abut three mnths ag, a grup f us were playing ftball tgether after schl. Having left smething in the classrm, I went inside t get it and fund Ry ging thrugh the pckets f peple’s cats. In his hand he had a wallet and I knew it wasn’t his. Ry went bright red. “I will put it back right nw,” he said, and he did s. I turned rund and walked ut withut saying a wrd. I really hped that Ry wuld explain why he had been stealing, but instead he started aviding me.
Last week, ur schl had a big fair in rder t raise mney fr a charity and we made abut ￡500. But t ur surprise, the next mrning, we were tld that the mney had been stlen. This mrning I decided t ask Ry abut the theft s I went t see him. Ry was ut. I put his jacket n and put my hands in the pckets. I culd feel a lt f ntes and I pulled them ut. It lked as if there were abut ￡500 there. I was s surprised that I just std there, hlding the ntes in my hand. And that mment, Ry walked in.
注意：
1. 续写词数应为150词左右；
2. 续写部分分为两段，每段的开头已为你写好。
Paragraph 1:
Seeing me standing there with mney in my hand, Ry felt panicked (恐慌的).
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Paragraph 2:
We went t the head teacher Mrs Smith, tgether.
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【答案】Seeing me standing there with mney in my hand, Ry felt panicked (恐慌的). I became very angry, asking him if it was the mney that we raised last week. He went bright red, admitting that he had stlen it in a lw vice. I slwly calmed dwn and hugged him, telling him that I wuld be willing t help him vercme his difficulty. He wept and then we had a sincere face-t-face talk. At last, we agreed t return the mney.
We went t the head teacher Mrs Smith, tgether. In the teacher's ffice, Ry returned the mney t Mrs Smith, and guaranteed nt t d such things again. Thugh Mrs Smith was s surprised that she culdn't believe her eyes, she praised him fr his curage and tld him if he had difficulty with finance she wuld be ready t help him. Ry was mved t tears. After that, we became gd friends again. We trusted each ther and shared srrw and happiness tgether.
【解析】
【分析】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了作者和遭遇家庭变故的罗伊归还他偷来的钱并重归于好的故事。
【详解】1.段落续写：
由第一段首句内容“看到我手里拿着钱站在那里，罗伊感到很恐慌”可知，第一段可描写罗伊承认偷了钱，作者与罗伊进行了一次真诚的面对面谈话。最后，他们同意还钱。
②由第二段首句内容“我们一起去找了校长史密斯夫人”可知，第二段可描写作者他们一起还钱，校长表扬了罗伊的勇气，并很愿意帮助罗伊，罗伊很感动，作者与罗伊又称为了好朋友。
2.续写线索：承认偷钱——决定还钱——校长表扬——罗伊感动——与作者再次称为朋友
3.词汇激活
行为类
拥抱：hug/embrace
帮助：help/assist
告诉：tell/infrm
情绪类
生气的：angry/annyed
感动的：mved/tuched
【点睛】[高分句型1]He went bright red, admitting that he had stlen it in a lw vice.（现在分词作状语及that引导的宾语从句）
[高分句型2] Thugh Mrs Smith was s surprised that she culdn't believe her eyes, she praised him fr his curage and tld him if he had difficulty with finance she wuld be ready t help him（thugh引导的让步状语从句）