高中英语人教版 (2019)选择性必修 第二册Unit 2 Bridging Cultures优秀学案

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1. t judge the cmpund sentences and determine the cmpsitin f the clauses in the sentence.
2. t try t learn grammar by generalizing grammar rules, cntrlling written practice, and semi-pen ral utput.
3. t systematize the functin and usage f nun clause.
1: 从课文中找出更多的名词性从句，对其进行归纳，总结其语法特点。
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语法要点:
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2:划出以下讲义中例句的名词性从句，并口头翻译成汉语。
(一)主语从句
主语从句是指在句中作主语的从句，位置与陈述句的主语相同。
Whether the sprts meet will be held is nt certain nw.
[名师点津] 若主语部分结构较长，可以使用形式主语it，把真正的主语从句放于后面。
That she will d well in her exam is certain.
＝It is certain that she will d well in her exam.
Hw we understand things has a lt t d with what we feel.
That he had met a kind librarian in the city library gave us n surprise.
Every year, whever makes the mst beautiful kite will win a prize in the Kite Festival.
What he had said surprised everyne present.
It seemed that he had dnated all his mney t thse in need.
(二)宾语从句
Everyne knws that the earth is made up f matter.
She asked me whether I had returned the bks t the library, and I admitted that I hadn't.
I dn't knw where I can place my luggage．
We discussed whether we shuld use the mney t buy a new huse.
I'm nt certain whether the train will arrive n time.
注意：形容词后跟宾语从句的用法只限于少数动态形容词，如sure(确信)，certain(肯定)，afraid(担心)，cnfident(有把握的)等。
注意
(1)宾语从句的否定转移：think、believe、suppse、 imagine等动词后的宾语从句中的否定词要转移到主句中，即主句的谓语动词用否定式，而从句的谓语动词用肯定式。
I dn't think we need t waste much time n it.。(形式上否定主句，实际上还是否定从句)
(2)“dubt＋宾语从句”的应用。
肯定句中用whether或if，否定句和疑问句中用that。
I dubt whether he can pass the exam.
I dn't dubt that he can pass the exam.
D yu dubt that he can pass the exam?
(三)表语从句
1．表语从句在复合句中作表语，出现在连系动词之后，一般结构为“主语＋连系动词＋表语从句”。
2．表语从句实际上是对主语进行补充说明，从句表达的是主语的内容。
The fact is that he didn't ntice the car until t late.
3．主句的主语是名词idea、advice、suggestin、rder、request、requirement等时，表语从句应用虚拟语气，即谓语动词用“(shuld＋)动词原形”。
My suggestin is that we (shuld) have a discussin abut this matter instead f setting it aside.
The mst pleasant thing f the rainy seasn is that ne can be entirely free frm dust.
This is because abut seventy-ne percent f its surface is cvered by water.
名词性从句连接词
(一)that、whether和if
1．连接词that
that引导从句时，本身无意义，在从句中不充当成分。但是that在引导主语从句、表语从句时，一般不能省略。例如：
That he suddenly fell ill made us surprised.。
The fact is that we are behind ther grups.
在引导宾语从句时，常被省略；但是以下两种情况除外：
(1)多个并列从句出现时，第一个that可以省略，其他的不能省略。
She said (that) she wuld cme here and that I shuld wait fr her till Mnday.
(2)含有形式主语it时，放于后面的宾语从句不能省略that。
They made it clear t the public that they did an imprtant and necessary jb.
2．连接词whether和if
(1)连接词whether/if在从句中意为“是否”，不充当成分，一般不能省略。
(2)在主语从句中位于句首时只能用whether；当用it作形式主语时，whether与if都可以。
Whether he passed the exam was nt certain.＝It was nt certain whether/if he passed the exam.
(3)表语从句中常用whether。
The questin is whether we shuld ask them fr help.
(4)宾语从句中连接词whether和if常常可以互换。
I wnder whether/if he'll agree with me.
[点津] 宾语从句中用whether不用if的三种情况：
(1)与r nt连用
We dn't knw whether Tm will turn up at the meeting r nt.
(2)位于介词之后
Everything depends n whether yu are fr it.
(3)位于动词不定式之前
I dn't knw whether t believe him.
(二)连接代词what、 which、wh、whm和whse
连接代词what、which、wh、whm和whse在从句中的意义分别为“所……”“哪一个”“谁”“谁”“谁的”；在从句中起代词的作用，可作主语、表语、宾语或定语。
That's what we have said.(作宾语)
D yu knw which f the bys was late? (作主语)
Wh will cme t give the talk is knwn t us all.(作主语)
The prblem is whm the headmaster will send t deal with it.(作宾语)
D yu knw whse T­shirt it is？(作定语)
[点津] 连接代词what、 which的区别：
which引导主语从句时需要限定一个有限的、较小的范围，而what指在一个较广的范围内进行选择或者根本没有范围。
Which f the bys brke the windw is already knwn.
I dn't knw what bks the children can read.
(三)连接副词when、where、why和hw
when意为“何时”，在从句中作时间状语；where意为“哪里”，在从句中作地点状语；hw意为“如何”，在从句中作方式状语；why意为“为什么”，在从句中作原因状语。
When we'll set ff fr hme hasn't been decided yet.
That was where I spent my hliday.
Nbdy knew hw she gt the prize.
This is why we put ff the meeting.
(四)复合连接词whatever、whichever、whever和whmever
连接代词whatever、whichever、whever和whmever在从句中的意义分别为“无论什么” “无论哪一个” “无论谁” “无论谁”；在从句中起代词的作用，可作主语、宾语或定语。
Whatever I have is at yur service.
I'll take whichever picture yu dn't want.
Whever breaks the law shuld be punished.
Whmever yu invite will be welcme.
[名师点津] (1)whatever、whichever、wh(m)ever既可引导名词性从句，又可引导让步状语从句；n matter what、n matter which、n matter wh(m)只引导让步状语从句。
Whichever/N matter which dictinary yu want t buy, I'll pay fr it.无
(2)wherever (＝n matter where); whenever (＝n matter when); hwever (＝n matter hw)一般引导让步状语从句。
Hwever/N matter hw tugh the prblem may be, I'll wrk it ut by myself.
三：背过以下常用句型。
it作形式主语或形式宾语的名词性从句
(一)主语从句中以it作形式主语的四种常用句型
1．It ＋不及物动词的适当形式＋从句
It seems that ... 好像是……
It happened that ... 碰巧……
It fllws that ... 由此可见……
It has turned ut that ... 结果……
2．It＋be＋及物动词的过去分词＋从句
It is said that ... 据说……
It is reprted that ... 据报道……
It is believed that ... 人们认为……
It is hped that ... 大家希望……
It has been prved that ... 已证明……
3．It＋be＋名词(词组)＋从句
It is a fact that ... 事实是……
It is gd news that ... ……是好消息。
It is a questin that ... ……是个问题。
It is cmmn knwledge that ... ……是常识。
It is a fact that smking is a danger t health.
吸烟危害健康，这是事实。
4．It＋be＋形容词＋从句
It is necessary that ... 有必要……
It is clear that ... 很清楚……
It is (un)likely that ... 很(不太)可能……
It is imprtant that ... 重要的是……
(二)宾语从句中以it作形式宾语的两种常用句型
1．带复合宾语(宾语＋宾语补足语)的句子，that引导的宾语从句经常移到句子后面，而用it作形式宾语。
We think it pssible that yu can finish the wrk tday.我们认为你今天能够完成这项工作。
2．表示喜欢、憎恶等心理活动的动词或短语后习惯上先跟一个形式宾语it，再接宾语从句。如：hate、enjy、dislike、lve、dn't mind、feel like、appreciate、rely n、cunt n、see t、take (认为)、we等。
四：巩固练习。
A.翻译句子。
看起来他们会赢得这场比赛。
有人建议会议应当延期。
我讨厌他们满嘴食物时说话。
我认为每天多喝开水是有必要的。
B.用适当的连接词填空
1．T start with, _____________________I intend t stress is that we are abut t start ur next lessn in Classrm 8 f the Teaching Building at 10 a．m. next Friday.
2．___________ cars will be parked in the future is a questin.
3.___________ we will have a picnic depends n the weather.
4．___________ fails in the exam shall nt lse heart.
5．It has nt been decided___________ will attend the meeting.
6．It is reprted ___________t a new film will be put n in the cinema.
7．___________Mike didn't turn up at the meeting yesterday made the chairman f the meeting unhappy.
8．___________ the President will attend the party r nt is kept a secret.
9．It is necessary ___________ he shuld learn abut the whle matter.
10．___________ they suddenly disappeared remains a mystery nw.