新课标高考英语一轮复习选择性必修第二册UNIT4单元主题练习含答案

这是一份新课标高考英语一轮复习选择性必修第二册UNIT4单元主题练习含答案，共7页。试卷主要包含了写作词数应为150左右；等内容，欢迎下载使用。

Ⅰ.阅读理解
eq \a\vs4\al(2024·广州市阶段测试)Transprtatin shapes the wrld: alng with cmmunicatins, it frms a glbal net that cnnects persn t persn, city t city, and cuntry t cuntry.Transprtatin rutes as well as vehicles are vital t the functining and spread f every civilisatin.
A cuntry's ecnmy depends n reliable transprtatin.Cities spread ut alng rads, rivers, and rails；s des infrmatin. Until the 20th century, these rutes were cnfined t land r water.With the inventin f the pwered flight, the air became an pen rad as well.The earliest way f travelling was undubtedly by ft, and humans' earliest means f transprting gds was carrying lads n their backs r shulders.By 4000 BC, peple were using dmesticated animals fr transprt, a methd greatly imprved in sme parts f the wrld by the inventin f the wheel, prbably first develped arund 3500 BC.
Until the 19th century, animals were the engines f land transprtatin.But with the inventin f the steam engine and the internal cmbustin engine, railrads and autmbiles revlutinized travel and trade.Millins f cars and trucks travel the wrld tday.
Water transprt has always been a fast and efficient mde f travel, and even tday it remains a primary way f transprtatin f heavy gds.The imprtance f waterways t human civilisatin can be seen n any map：almst all f the wrld's majr cities are lcated n castlines r rivers.As early as 7000 BC, peple were building canes. Until the 1950s, ships were the chief means f verseas passenger travel.
Althugh the Mntglfier brthers tk flight in ballns in the 18th century, air travel was nt practical until the inventin f the pwered flight by the Wright brthers in 1903.Within ten years, the cmmercial air transprtatin business began.
Since the 20th century, high­speed rail has becme anther cnvenient way f travel.By 2019, mre than tw­thirds f the wrld's peratin length f high­speed rail was in China, which measured 35,000 km, and Chinese peratin length f high­speed rail is expected t reach 38,000 km by 2025.
语篇解读：本文主要介绍了世界交通运输业的发展历史。人类最早的运输方式是人力运输，随着技术的进步，逐渐发展成为水运、空运、铁路运输等多位一体的综合运输体系；中国高铁的发展更为世界交通运输史增添了新的篇章。
1．What is the passage mainly abut?
A．Technlgical advancements in transprt ver time.
B．The influence f ecnmic activities n transprtatin.
C．The relatinship between transprtatin and the infrmatin flw.
D．Reasns why land and sea transprtatin rutes were imprtant.
解析：选A 主旨大意题。通读全文可知，文章主要介绍了世界交通运输业的发展历史，故A项正确。
2．Why des the writer mentin the lcatin f the wrld's majr cities?
A．T encurage mre peple t mve t big cities.
B．T explain why bats and ships cntinue t be irreplaceable.
C．T recmmend water transprt as a cnvenient and cheap frm f transprtatin.
D．T emphasize the cntributin f water transprt t human develpment.
解析：选D 写作意图题。根据第四段内容可知，水运一直是一种快捷高效的旅行方式，即使在今天，它仍然是重型货物的主要运输方式；水路对人类文明的重要性可以在任何地图上看到：几乎世界上所有的主要城市都位于海岸线或河畔。据此可知，作者提及世界主要城市的位置是为了强调水运对人类的发展作出的贡献，故D项正确。
3．What was the ttal peratin length f high­speed rail in the wrld by 2019?
A．Abut 57,000kms. B．Abut 52,500kms.
C．Abut 38,000kms. D．Abut 35,000kms.
解析：选B 细节理解题。根据本文最后一句可知，截至2019年，世界上超过三分之二的高速铁路运营里程在中国，其运营里程达到3.5万千米。据此可以推算出截至2019年世界高铁运营里程约为5.25万千米，故B项正确。
Ⅱ.阅读七选五
Travel Is Gd fr Yur Health
Travel means lts f pprtunities t frce yurself t be active. __4__ S yu're mre likely t attempt a new extreme sprt, walk n sand, r hike t get the best views f yur surrundings. S yu see that travel is really gd fr yur health.
__5__ This ne might nt cme as a big surprise t yu, but it's been scientifically prved that travel will increase yur happiness, decrease yur depressin, and remve yur pressure. A study fund that three days after vacatin, travellers felt well­rested, less anxius, and in a better md.
Travel imprves yur brain health. Travel expands yur mind. Yu meet new peple all ver the wrld. Yu adapt t new cultures and situatins. __6__ This is all gd fr yur mental health because new experiences increase cgnitive flexibility, keeping yur mind sharp.
Travel will decrease yur risk f heart disease. That's because peple wh wander away frm their hmes fr a little vacatin are generally less stressed and anxius r at least they're willing t take a break frm their stresses. __7__
Travel will let yu live lnger. It's true. __8__ Whether lcal r glbal, all frms f travel imprve ur life and can actually increase ur life expectancy. Research shws that travel reduces stress, keeps yur bdy healthy inside and ut, and imprves brain health. This adds t the chance f living lnger and having fun.
A．Travel lwers stress levels.
B．Pay attentin t yur health during yur trip.
C．Thse wh travel tend t increase the length f their lives.
D．As a result, yu becme mre glbally and culturally aware.
E．Dn't travel t lng r yu'll burn yurself and may nt get t yur destinatin.
F．When yu travel, yu want t try a new frm f exercise and see all wrth seeing.
G．It's prved that peple wh travel annually are less likely t suffer frm a heart attack.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了旅行给身体带来的四个益处，分别是：旅行意味着你有很多机会强迫自己变得积极，可以降低压力，可以改善你的大脑健康和降低患心脏病的风险，以及会让你更长寿。
4．选F 根据空后一句可知，因此，你更有可能尝试一种新的极限运动，在沙滩上行走，或徒步旅行，以获得周围环境的最佳景观。由此可知，当你旅行时你更有可能去尝试一些新的东西，或去看周围的风景。故选F。
5．选A 根据空后一句可知，对你来说，这一次也许不是什么大惊喜，但科学证明，旅行会增加你的快乐，减少你的抑郁，消除你的压力。由此可知旅行可以减少抑郁，降低压力。故选A。
6．选D 根据上文可知，旅行可以改善你的大脑健康。旅行使你的思想开阔。你在世界各地遇到了新朋友。你要适应新的文化和环境。由此可知，本句承接上文说明旅行让你在世界各地结识新朋友，因此你会变得更全球化，更有文化意识。D选项中的culturally对应上文中的cultures。故选D。
7．选G 根据本段内容可知，旅行会降低患心脏病的风险。这是因为离家度假的人通常压力更小，焦虑更少，或者至少他们愿意从压力中解脱出来。由此可知，旅行的人患心脏病的可能性更小。故选G。
8．选C 根据上文“Travel will let yu live lnger. It's true.”可知，旅行会让你更长寿。这是真的。由此可知旅行的人会寿命更长。故选C。
Ⅲ.完形填空
eq \a\vs4\al(2024·临沂高三检测)Adventure is in my bld. And I had been cnsidering hw I was ging t __9__ my high schl graduatin. I didn't just want a small party in the backyard. I started thinking abut ding a sl __10__smewhere ut f the rdinary. I tk ut maps and drew the 1,500­mile rute alng which I wuld be __11__ frm the nrthernmst pint in Nrway t the suthernmst sectin f Sweden. When I shared my plans with my dad, he __12__ as I thught he wuld. Because I get my adventurus spirits frm him, he was __13__ it.
I had nly been away frm my hme three days nw, but there was an inner __14__ ging n inside f me. Part f me was __15__ and dubting whether I really culd make it. The ther part f me was ready t __16__ t myself and my family that I culd d it by myself.
On the rad, I met anther bicyclist wh was quite a bit lder than I was. He had started his jurney alne by bike at the suthern part f Nrway and had just finished. I culd tell he had a great sense f __17__. It encuraged me nt t __18__.
As I listened t my __19__artists n my MP4 player, I pedaled (踩踏板) with my feet. There was __20__ arund me fr miles. __21__， that wasn't entirely true. There were msquites — millins f them. My arms were s dtted with bites that they lked like a tpgraphical (地形) map.But, hwever __22__ it wuld be, nthing culd stp my advance __23__ the destinatin. As yu knw, adventure is in my bld.
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者以一种特殊的方式来庆祝自己高中毕业——骑自行车旅行。
9．A.celebrate B．finish
C．spend D．rganise
解析：选A 根据空后一句“I didn't just want a small party in the backyard.”可知，“我”不想只在后院举行一个聚会。由此可推知，此处指“我”正在考虑如何庆祝高中毕业。故选A。
10．A.flight B．activity
C．perfrmance D．trip
解析：选D 根据后文的描述可知，“我”打算独自一人去旅行。故选D。
11．A.walking B．flying
C．biking D．jgging
解析：选C 根据第三段中的“I met anther bicyclist”可知，“我”是骑自行车去旅行的。故选C。
12．A.agreed B．sighed
C．teased D．btained
解析：选A 根据第三、四段可知，作者独自骑自行车去冒险了，故此处指父亲同意了“我”的想法。故选A。
13．A.in fear f B．in charge f
C．in favr f D．in need f
解析：选C 根据“Because I get my adventurus spirits frm him”可知，“我”的父亲很赞成。故选C。
14．A.battle B．dilemma
C．request D．discussin
解析：选A 根据后文中的“Part f me”以及“The ther part f me”可知，“我”的内心还处于斗争中。故选A。
15．A.stubbrn B．ambitius
C．hmesick D．astnished
解析：选C 根据前文“I had nly been away frm my hme three days nw”可知，“我”离家已经三天了，因此推测“我”是很想家的。故选C。
16．A.submit B．turn
C．prve D．adapt
解析：选C 根据前后文内容可知，一部分“我”怀疑自己是否真的能成功；另一部分“我”想向自己和家人证明自己能做到。prve t sb. that ... 意为“向某人证明……”。故选C。
17．A.humr B．directin
C．balance D．satisfactin
解析：选D 根据前文中的“He had started his jurney ... and had just finished.”可知，作者可以断定他有一种满足感。a sense f satisfactin意为“满足感”。故选D。
18．A.calm dwn B．break dwn
C．keep n D．give up
解析：选D 根据“He had started his jurney just finished.”可知，此处指“我”骑自行车旅行途中遇到的另一个骑自行车的人，他已经成功的经历鼓励“我”不要放弃。故选D。
19．A.persnal B．favurite
C．prfessinal D．grateful
解析：选B 结合生活常识可知，“我”在用MP4听自己最喜欢的艺术家的歌。故选B。
20．A.nbdy B．everybdy
C．anything D．everything
解析：选A 根据前文可知，“我”独自骑自行车去旅行，在途中只遇到另一个独自骑自行车在挪威南部旅行的人。由此可推测，周围几英里没有人。故选A。
21．A.Simply B．Actually
C．Eventually D．Frtunately
解析：选B 根据“There was ________ arund me fr miles ... There were msquites — millins f them.”可知，周围几英里没有人，但有数百万只蚊子。因此，“我”说“实际上这并不完全是真的”，这是一种幽默的表达。故选B。
22．A.bring B．cnfusing
C．cmplex D．tugh
解析：选D 根据后文“nthing culd stp my advance”可知，“我”有冒险精神，不管有多艰难，没有什么能阻止“我”朝目标前进。故选D。
23．A.frm B．with
C．in D．tward
解析：选D 参见上题解析。表示“朝，向”，用介词tward。故选D。
Ⅳ.读后续写
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
We were three thusand miles away frm hme n a Randm Acts f Kindness and Vlunteerism Rad Trip. We were shrt f mney, s we had tw gals tday：
1．Try ut ur new “Smile！” signs and see hw much kindness and jy we culd spread in Pike Place Market.
2．Raise at least D|S80 by ding street perfrmances. Singing, drawing r strytelling. This wuld be enugh fr gas t Prtland and a small htel rm.
We weren't sure hw peple wuld react t ur signs. It was s easy t walk past a busy crwd, lst in yur wn wrld, refusing t make eye­cntact with strangers, and feeling alne despite being surrunded by hundreds f peple just like yu. Finally, I gathered curage t raise ur signs and shuted “Hi, here！” t a yung cuple. They lked ver, cnfused fr a mment，read my sign and brke int smiles. Then we saw mre smiling faces in the crwd.
Befre lng, ur signs were wildly ppular. Turists wanted phts with us. Strangers stpped t ask us abut ur signs. We tld them the stry f ur acts f kindness rad trip and listened t their stries, t.
Smetimes I'd see unfriendly faces and feel particularly nervus t shw them my bright sign. But I was always rewarded with a big smile whenever I did s. Suddenly they were n lnger faces f strangers but thse f neighburs and friends. This wrld is full f gd peple we just dn't knw yet. We gt s wrapped up in ur wnderful “Smile！” prject that we frgt the ther gal. Befre we knew it, the sun was setting, and we had n mney fr ur trip t Prtland.
注意：1.写作词数应为150左右；
2．请按如下格式作答。
Paragraph 1：
We sat dwn t watch a musician play the guitar while we thught abut ur secnd gal.



Paragraph 2：
Our little band f five attracted a large audience.



参考范文：
Paragraph 1：
We sat dwn t watch a musician play the guitar while we thught abut ur secnd gal. It seemed that it was tugh t achieve. Nw we didn't have much time t lse. Suddenly, a gd idea flashed thrugh my mind. I gathered my curage and walked straight tward the musician and asked him t d us a favr. T ur great delight, he enthusiastically supprted ur mney prject and agreed t frm a band with us. With an empty hat n the grund in frnt f us, we began ur perfrmance.
Paragraph 2：
Our little band f five attracted a large audience.We received a strm f applause. A gentleman in his fifties was the first t put sme change int ur hat. His act f kindness was sn fllwed by mre dnatins. A little by, hlding his mum's hand, carefully drpped a cin and gave us the mst beautiful smile in the wrld. Befre it was dark, we were sure we had made it. The amunt f mney gathered ttalled $92. What a sweet victry! We thanked the musician and went n with ur jurney. In the depth f my heart, I wuld keep these heartwarming mments frever.