新高考英语二轮复习讲练测专题03 阅读理解之推理判断题（练习）（2份打包，原卷版+解析版）

这是一份新高考英语二轮复习讲练测专题03 阅读理解之推理判断题（练习）（2份打包，原卷版+解析版），文件包含新高考英语二轮复习讲练测专题03阅读理解之推理判断题练习原卷版doc、新高考英语二轮复习讲练测专题03阅读理解之推理判断题练习解析版doc等2份试卷配套教学资源，其中试卷共156页， 欢迎下载使用。

TOC \ "1-1" \p " " \h \z \u \l "_Tc148019150" 推理判断题 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------1
一、（最新模拟）阅读理解之推理判断---引申推断-------------------------------------------------------------------------2
二、（最新模拟题）阅读理解之推理判断---观点态度----------------------------------------------------------------------6
三、（最新模拟题）阅读理解之推理判断---目的和意图-------------------------------------------------------------------7
四、（最新模拟题）阅读理解之推理判断---描述人或事件的特征-------------------------------------------------------11
五、（最新模拟）阅读理解之推理判断------写作手法---------------------------------------------------------------------15
六、（最新模拟题）阅读理解之推理判断---文章出处---------------------------------------------------------------------15
七、（最新模拟题）阅读理解之推理判断---预测文章走势---------------------------------------------------------------18
八、（最新模拟）阅读理解之推理判断---文章结构-----------------------------------------------------------------------20
九、（最新模拟题）阅读理解之推理判断---读者对象---------------------------------------------------------------------22
十、（高考真题）阅读理解之推理判断----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------23
03 阅读理解之推理判断题
最新模拟演练
一、阅读理解之推理判断---引申推断
1.（2024·吉林省吉林市高三上学期一模）
Indeed, the transfrmatin f the cncept f the animal in mdern behaviural bilgy has been fundamental. This has been cnfirmed by the death f a third belief: fr decades, it was taught that animals behave fr the gd f their species. Tday we knw this is nt the case. Rather, animals d everything t ensure that cpies f their wn genes are passed t the next generatin with maximum efficiency and, when necessary, they will als kill cnspecifics. Clearly, they are nt, as Jane Gdall had nce famusly hped, ‘like us, but better’.
29．It can be inferred that animals’ behaviural actins are mainly driven by __________.
A．their desire t prtect their species.
B．their ability t recgnize themselves in mirrrs.
C．their urge t guarantee the gene transmissin.
D．their eagerness t be scially interacted.
2.（2024·吉林省吉林市高三上学期一模）
Behind the Mask
Wearing the face f Patih Manis, a character in Bali’s dance dramas, means mre than simply putting n a tapel, r mask.
“When yu dance with a tapel and perfrm its character, yu underg a transfrmatin,”says I Made Bandem, a schlar and teacher f Balinese arts – and a dancer fr seven decades. “Yu must’marry’that mask and make ritual (仪式) fferings t create unity between yurself and the tapel. Many dancers will sleep with the mask beside them, s that they can learn its true character.”
32．What can we learn abut tapel frm the first tw paragraphs?
A．Tapel refers t a character’s name.
B．Tapel is suppsed t be with the dancers all alng.
C．Tapel builds a bridge between the dancer and the true character.
D．Tapel experiences dramatic changes when wrn by a dancer.
3.（2024·江西省景德镇市高三上学期第一次质量检测）
The PAL-V Liberty is a revlutinary vehicle that can travel n bth land and air. It is the wrld’s first cmmercial flying car, and it is nw available fr pre-rder. The PAL-V Liberty is develped by a Dutch cmpany called PAL-V Internatinal B．V., which stands fr Persnal Air and Land Vehicle. The cmpany has been wrking n the prject since 2001, and has successfully tested the prttype in 2012.
The PAL-V Liberty is a tw-seater hybrid car and gyrplane, which means it has a three-wheeled chassis and a fldable rtr n tp. It can switch between driving mde and flying mde in abut 10 minutes, with the help f a semi-autmatic system. It has a tp speed f 160 km/h n the rad and 180 km/h in the air, and can fly up t 500 km n a single tank f fuel. It uses regular gasline, and can be refueled at any gas statin.
The PAL-V Liberty is expected t be delivered t custmers in 2023, alter btaining the necessary certificatins frm aviatin authrities. The cmpany claims that the vehicle meets the existing regulatins f bth cars and aircrafts, and that it is safe and easy t perate. Hwever, the PAL-V Liberty is nt a cheap vehicle, nr is it accessible t everyne. It csts599,000 eurs (abut 4.7 millin yuan) fr the Pineer Editin, which includes flight training curses, pwer heating and persnalizatin ptins. There is als a cheaper Sprt Editin, which csts 299,000 eurs (abut 2.3 millin yuan), but it has less features and requires the buy er t pay an additinal 10,000 eurs(abut 78,000 yuan) fr flight training.
T drive the PAL-V Liberty, ne needs bth a driving license and a pilt license. The vehicle als requires a runway r airstrip t take ff and land, as it cannt d s vertically like a helicpter. The cmpany says it has received 70 rders fr the vehicle s far, mstly frm custmers in Eurpe and Nrth America. The PAL-V Liberty is a grundbreaking innvatin that culd change the future f transprtatin, but it als faces many challenges and limitatins.
9．What can we infer abut frm the passage?
A．The PAL-V Liberty has been used in ur daily life.
B．If yu have a pilt license, yu can drive the PAL-V Liberty.
C．It can switch between driving and flying mde in a shrt time
D．The Sprt Editin is mre attractive features than the Pineer Editin.
4. （2024·河北省沧州市三县联考高三上学期11月月考）
A sandstne slab (石板) and ther stne tls unearthed in Vietnam give insight int hw curry (咖喱) was made and reveal that curry was eaten in the regin at least 2,000 years ag.
The sandstne slab, buried 2 meters belw the surface, was dug up in 2018 at Oc E in suthern Vietnam. The site was nce an verseas trading center f an ancient Sutheast Asian kingdm knwn as Funan, accrding t a new study.
“Preparing curry invlves nt nly a diverse range f seasning but als the use f grinding (研磨) tls, cnsiderable time, and human effrt,” said study authr Dr. Hsia chun Hung. “Remarkably, even individuals residing utside f India nearly 2,000 years ag expressed a strng desire t enjy the flavrs f curry, as evidenced by their careful preparatins.”
Hung and a team f researchers analyzed micrscpic remains knwn as starch grains—tiny structures fund within plant cells that can be preserved ver lng perids—that they fund n the grinding tls.
“Nwadays, preparing curry in Vietnam has becme much simpler fr mst families due t the widespread availability f bagged curry in supermarkets. Hwever, it is interesting t nte that the curry recipe used tday has nt varied significantly frm the ancient times,” said study c-authr Dr. Khanh Trung Kien Nguyen. Nguyen added that the team planned t recreate the 2,000-year-ld curry based n the micrscpic remains fund at the site.
Peple were likely enjying curry in India abut 4,000 years ag. Sme f the cmpnents recvered at Oc E are similar t thse fund in Indian curries, while ther cmpnents are mre distinctively Sutheast Asian. The new study cncluded that curry recipes arrived in Sutheast Asia with Suth Asian traders as cntact between the regins increased during the early centuries f the first millennium.
1．What did Dr. Hsia-chun Hung think f preparing curry in the past?
A．It was a cmplex prcess.B．It differed frm ne anther.
C．It demanded little effrt.D．It was envirnment-friendly.
2．What can we infer abut the ancient curry recipes?
A．They restricted reginal trade.B．They were mainly cnsumed in Vietnam.
C．They linked varius cultures.D．They were first favred by Sutheast Asians.
5.（2024·河南省新乡市高中毕业班阶段性测试（三））
“It’s like she never left us,” Britnee recalled. “She came right int ur arms.” The Smiths said they were unsure what happened t Jill in the three years away, althugh she’d been fund just a few blcks away frm their ld huse. “We wish she culd talk,” Rex said. “We have s many questins t ask her.” Jill was verall healthy but had suffered sme scratches. Her paws were raw, likely frm the 100-degree Fahrenheit heat in Arkansas.
7．What cnclusin can be drawn abut Jill frm the text?
A．She was adpted several times.
B．She was with Jack in the past few years.
C．She was discvered near Britnee’s new hme.
D．She was indeed greatly valued by her wners.
6. （2024·河南省新乡市高中毕业班阶段性测试（三））
Hadany wnders whether ther plants and insects already tune int plant pps. Other studies have suggested that plants respnd t sunds. And animals frm pests (害虫), mths t mice can hear in the range f the ultrasnic clicks. Sunds made by plants culd be heard frm arund five meters away. Hadany’s team is nw studying what the living things near the plants will d after hearing the sunds.
15．What still remains unknwn t Hadany’s team?
A．Whether the sunds f plants can travel far.
B．Whether animals can hear the sunds f plants.
C．Hw the neighbrs f plants respnd t their sunds.
D．Hw plants and animals cmmunicate with each ther.
7. （2024•四川省攀枝花市高三第一次统一考试）
The gd news is that smething as simple as a 10-minute break, if used crrectly, can help reduce the effects f digital intensity. “If yu give yurself a break, and d smething like mediatin, reading, drawing — anything that turns yur brain t smething mre relaxing,” says Dr Michael Bhan, the directr f Micrsft’s Human Factrs Engineering Lab, “the brain will begin t prduce alpha waves.” After the break, “yu’ll be mre engaged and fcused, he adds. “Taking breaks lets yu refresh, and maintain better brain health acrss the day.”
What can we infer abut the functin f alpha waves mentined in Paragraph 3?
A．It makes us sleep better.B．It helps imprve cncentratin.
C．It causes tensin and anxiety.D．It helps find new cmmunicatin ways.
8. （2024•四川省攀枝花市高三第一次统一考试）
Frests give us shade, quiet and ne f the harder challenges in the fight against climate change. Even as we humans cunt n frests t sak up a gd share f the carbn dixide we prduce, we are threatening their ability t d s. The climate change we are quickening culd ne day leave us with frests that send ut mre carbn than they absrb.
What des the authr imply in Paragraph 1?
A．Frests may becme a ptential threat.
B．Extreme weather cnditins may arise.
C．Peple may misunderstand glbal warming.
D．Glbal climate change may get ut f cntrl.
二、阅读理解之推理判断---观点态度
1.（2024•黑龙江省佳木斯市四校联考高三上学期11月期中）
Ein-Eli said dispsable masks, in high demand glbally during the health crisis, were nt ecnmically r envirnmentally friendly. “Yu have t make it reusable and friendly, and this is ur slutin,” he said.
15．What’s the attitude f Ein-Eli t the new type f face mask?
A．supprtiveB．negativeC．dubtfulD．indifferent
2. （2024•四川省攀枝花市高三第一次统一考试）
When I first heard abut Summit Learning, I admitted I was nt a bit happy and excited at all. I thught it wuld require interactins with thers. But later, I was astnished when I gt t experience it firsthand.
Recently, we did a petry prject, and ne f the activities was a peer (同伴) review. I wuld never have taken part if it was up t me, as I preferred t wrk independently. But when I gt invlved, I fund in the experience, I had dne smething that I thught was nearly impssible — it made my petry better. My partner infrmed me f my mistakes and tld me where I culd give mre detail.
One f ur final prducts f the prject was t present ur petry t the class. I’ve always lved public speaking but I thught with Summit Learning, I wuld have fewer chances t speak. I was wrng. The peer activities we did with a partner gave me mre belief in my ability and inspired me t d mre t make my presentatin the best it culd pssibly be.
Interactins like these are what Summit Learning is all abut. This style f learning brings a psitive and hard-wrking culture that allws us t push ur bundaries and keep ging It creates a sense f cmmunity since we are all wrking twards a similar gal.
As an active by, I have always been ahead and advanced, but in a nrmal classrm, there are restrictins n what I can d. With Summit Learning, I can g beynd expectatins in prjects r mve ahead in learning new cntent when I’m ready. I have wnership f my wrk and pursue my gals.
Summit Learning has shwed me hw much peple can grw and change. It has helped me see peple and myself differently. It has been ne f the greatest experiences f my life, and I cannt see myself ging back t a nrmal classrm.
1．What was the authr’s initial respnse t Summit Learning?
A．He was astnished t hear abut it.B．He was a bit excited abut it.
C．He was unwilling t attend it.D．He was curius abut hw it wrked.
2．Hw did the authr benefit frm the petry prject?
A．It reminded him t be independent.B．It imprved his pem and cnfidence..
C．It raised him a sense f respnsibility.D．It allwed him t deliver a public speech.
3．What can be inferred abut Summit Learning?
A．It has restrictins n what ne can d.
B．It shws bundaries f ne’s abilities.
C．It teaches petry in a nrmal classrm.
D．It transfrms the traditinal way f learning.
4．What des the authr think f Summit Learning nw?
A．Inspiring.B．Enjyable.C．Challengıng.D．Cnservative.
3. （2024•四川省攀枝花市高三第一次统一考试）
State gvernments are well accustmed t managing frests, but traditinally they’ve fcused n wildlife and pprtunities fr recreatin. Only recently have they cme t see the vital part frests will have t play in string carbn. Califrnia’s plan, which is expected t be finalized by the gvernr next year, shuld serve as a mdel.
What is the authr’s attitude twards Califrnia’s Frest Carbn Plan?
A．Wrried.B．Uncaring.C．Dubtful.D．Favrable.
三、阅读理解之推理判断---目的和意图
1.（2024•河北省石家庄市部分名校高三上学期三调）
Althugh there is much mre t learn, ceangraphers have already made sme amazing discveries. Fr example, we knw that the cean cntains twering muntain ranges and deep valleys, just like thse n land. The peak f the wrld’s tallest muntain—Munt Qmlangma in the Himalaya, measuring 8848. 86 meters high-wuld nt even break the surface f the water if it was placed in the Pacific Ocean’s Mariana Trench r Philippine Trench, tw f the deepest parts f the cean. On the ther hand, the Atlantic Ocean is relatively shallw because large parts f its seaflr are made up f cntinental shelves—parts f the cntinents that extend far ut int the cean. The average depth f the entire cean is 3.720 meters.
33．What des the authr intend t tell us in paragraph 2?
A．Reasns why cean flrs are rugh.
B．Significance f the cean flr t animals.
C．The heights f different muntain ranges.
D．Sme cean knwledge frm ceangraphers.
2. （2024·广东省四校联考高三上学期11月月考）
I live in Xizhu in Yunnan Prvince, n the histric Tea Hrse Rad. I have t admit that when I first heard that Paul Salpek was ging t walk the entire glbe n his wn tw feet, I was blwn away. I culdn’t imagine that there culd be such an unusual persn in the wrld.
Last May, I met Paul. He tld me that it was his first time in China. He talked t me with great excitement abut the histry, migratins, and discveries in my regin f China. He spke f the Shu-Yandu Da (the Suthern Silk Rad), the travels f the 17th-century Chinese explrer Xu Xiake, the Tea Hrse Rad and the early 20th-century American btanist Jseph Rck. He als talked f Xuanzang. Paul cnsidered many f them heres and in a sense Chinese pineers f slw jurnalism.
I decided t accmpany Paul n his walk tward Yunnan. On September 28, 2021, we set ut. Our days were simple: walk, eat, sleep, and repeat. We wke up at sunrise, set ff in high spirits, and rested at sunset, dragging urselves int exhausted sleep.
We met many peple n the rad. Sme were curius, surrunding us and watching us; sme gave us directins; sme invited us int their hme t take a rest; sme spke f the charm f their hmetwn. We met many beautiful suls, simple suls and warm suls. We were walking with ur minds.
Tgether, we were impressed by the bidiversity f the Galigng Muntains. As I walked n ancient paths thrugh muntains, I seemed t hear the antique vices f past travelers urging me t be careful n the rad.
Lking back n the mre than 200 miles I walked with Paul, I came t a realizatin. Walking fr its wn sake, while healthy and admirable, is nly a small part f the benefit f mving with ur feet. A deeper reward is rediscvering the wrld arund us, shrtening the distance between each ther, and sharing each ther’s cultures.
1．Hw did the writer first respnd t Paul’s travel plan?
A．Puzzled.B．Scared.C．Surprised.D．Disappinted.
2．What can we learn abut Paul Salpek frm paragraph 2?
A．He had a knwledge f China.
B．He was a western jurnalist.
C．He came t China several times.
D．He was Jseph Rck’s acquaintance.
3．What des paragraph 4 tell us abut the writer and Paul?
A．They built bnds with peple.
B．They satisfied the lcals’ curisity.
C．They set ff in high spirits.
D．They hnred the ancestrs.
4．What is the main purpse f the writer’s writing the text?
A．T suggest a new way f travel.
B．T share and reflect n a jurney.
C．T advcate prtectin f bidiversity.
D．T intrduce and prmte Chinese culture.
3. （河南省新乡市2023-2024学年高中毕业班阶段性测试（三））
Thrughut histry, technlgical prgress has brught new wealth but hasn’t always imprved peple’s lives. Ecnmists nw say it isn’t clear whether artificial intelligence (AI) will help r hurt sciety. Simn Jhnsn teaches ecnmics at the Massachusetts Institute f Technlgy. He said AI has a lt f pssibilities. But he added, “We are at a frk in the rad.”
Supprters say technlgy will create wealth and imprve living standards. Sme g as far as saying AI will increase peple’s free time and help them be mre creative. But thers are wrried technlgy will lead t jb lsses. They pint t Hllywd writers and actrs wh are wrried that they’ll be replaced by technlgy.
The Internet arrived with a similar prmise f mre prductivity, wealth and jbs. The French bank Natixis nted in its research that mst f the wealth has gne t a few billinaires. And many f the jbs dn’t require highly paid, skilled wrkers. The bank warned in its reprt, “We shuld be cautius when estimating the effects f artificial intelligence n labr prductivity.”
Research f 5,300 wrkers abut AI shws that sme wrkers hpe technlgy will increase pay and jb satisfactin. But they’re als cncerned that technlgy culd push peple t wrk t hard. Histry has als shwn the ecnmic effect f technlgical prgress is generally uncertain, unequal and even harmful.
Jhnsn nted that it’s easier t create smething new than t make sure it wrks fr everyne. His bk, Pwer and Prgress, shws hw the arrival f rail travel imprved the lives f many peple in England in the 1800s. Peple were able t travel lnger distances and eat fresh fd because it culd mve faster frm farms t cities. On the ther hand, Jhnsn said self-checkut technlgy at fd stres desn’t lwer the csts r make life easier fr peple. All it des is reduce the number f wrkers and help businesses lwer labr csts.
As fr AI technlgy, Jhnsn wnders if it’ll make existing inequalities wrse, r help us get back t smething fairer.
1．Why des the authr mentin Hllywd writers and actrs in paragraph 2?
A．T shw the widespread use f AI.
B．T indicate peple’s anxiety abut AI.
C．T stress peple’s high expectatin f AI.
D．T reveal the wealth-creating functin f AI.
2．Which wrd can best describe peple’s cncerns abut AI in paragraph 4?
A．Well-funded.B．Unreasnable.
C．Ill-judged.D．Unnecessary.
4. （2024·河南省新乡市高中毕业班阶段性测试（三））
Hadany and her clleagues first heard the clicks when they set micrphnes next t plants n tables in a lab. The micrphnes caught sme nises. But the researchers needed t make sure that the clicking was cming frm the plants. S, the scientists placed plants inside sundprf bxes in the basement, far frm the nise f the lab. There, micrphnes picked up ultrasnic pps frm thirsty tmat plants. Thugh it was utside humans’ hearing range, the clicking made by plants was abut as lud as a nrmal cnversatin.
13．Why did the scientists put plants inside sundprf bxes in the basement?
A．T enjy the sunds made by the plants.
B．T have a better cnversatin with the plants.
C．T find ut whether the plants did make sunds.
D．T keep the plant sunds within their hearing range.
5. （2024·江西省萍乡市高三上学期一模）
Late nights, early starts, nightmares, anxiety, children ... there are s many things that can cut int ur shut-eye. When des that threaten ur health — and what can we d abut it?
T start with the basics: if yu are getting anywhere frm seven t nine hurs a night, yu’re prbably fine. But yu shuld certainly get cncerned with cnsistently sleeping less than seven hurs a night, and really cncerned if it drpped t six r belw. “If yu are waking up a lt in the night, this will impact the quantity and quality f yur sleep, which can lead t harm in yur immune system, impairment in gut (肠道) health and many ther side-effects,” says Christpher Barker, a persnal trainer and sleep management adviser. “It may be an indicatr f a sleep disrder r anther underlying health cnditin — if yu’re cncerned abut any f these issues, it’s wrth talking t yur dctr.”
S what is yur best bet fr catching sme quality Zs? Well, start during the day. Try t expse yurself t sunlight during the day t keep yur circadian rhythms n track. Physical activity can als help: sleep and exercise have a bidirectinal relatinship. In a 2022 pll, participants wh undertk vigrus physical activity tended t fall asleep faster, wke up less during the night and wke up feeling refreshed, cmpared with nn-exercisers.
Why des the authr mentin “s many things” in the first paragraph?
A．T intrduce the tpic.B．T make cmparisns.
C．T supprt his/her argument.D．T seek pinins.
四、阅读理解之推理判断---描述人或事件的特征
1.（2024·吉林省吉林市高三上学期一模）
Phebe Cx grew up in what might seem an unlikely mental health danger zne fr a kid: tny Pal Alt, Califrnia. But behind its surface f family success and wealth, she said, is an envirnment f heavy pressure n students t perfrm. By 2016, when Cx was in middle schl, Pal Alt had a teen suicide (自杀) rate fur times the natinal average.
Cx’s family lived by the railrad tracks where many f the suicides ccurred. She gt cunseling (咨询). But that chice is nt always easily available t teens in crisis – and she and her peers regarded schl mental health services as their last chice because f cncerns abut privacy.
A new prgram prvides an alternative. Called Allcve, it ffers unattached health and wellness sites t thse ages 12 t 25. Althugh Allcve is built t supprt a wide range f physical, emtinal and scial needs, its main gal is t deal with mental health challenges befre they develp int deeper prblems. Cx said,“I felt pretty helpless as a yung teenager, but Allcve is all abut the students and the students’ needs.”
Abut half f all lifetime mental illness begins by age 14 and 75% befre age 25, accrding t researchers. Yet access t mental health care in the U.S. is lacking. Accrding t the Natinal Alliance n Mental Illness, sme 30 millin adults and children with mental health cnditins g withut treatment, and 129 millin peple live in areas with shrtages f mental health prfessinals.
Allcve prvides fully staffed safe spaces fr teens and yung adults t discuss and deal with their health, bth mental and physical. Dr. Steven Adelsheim, a psychiatrist, wh created the Allcve in 2014, said, “There is a crying need in the U.S. t reach kids with early interventin and help.” Smetimes a kid may cme in with a physical cmplaint, and nly after a few visits is the mental suffering brught ut int the pen. When that happens, Alcve can make a “warm handff” t a mental health specialist nsite. Success, say Adelsheim and Cx, wuld mean the establishment f hundreds f Allcve centers up and dwn the state and, eventually, arund the cuntry.
27．Which f the fllwing best describes the impact f the prgram?
A．Predictable.B．Shrt-lived.C．Unidentifiable.D．Significant.
2.（2024·广东省四校联考高三上学期11月月考）
As athletes get strnger and faster, the pace f play cntinues t increase. The burden f making sure games are played accrding t the rules and that the fficiating (裁判) is accurate is nw being taken ut f human hands and falling mre and mre int the lap f technlgy. It’s called the vide replay.
The Natinal Ftball League is expanding its replay system this upcming seasn t include pass interference (传球干扰). Majr League Baseball nw relies n it fr safe-r-ut and hme run calls. If yu’ve been watching the FIFA Wrld Cup, yu may have nticed that the Vide Assistant Referee (VAR) played a key rle in almst every game. And in the Kentucky Derby, a hrse was disqualified fr kncking anther hrse. N ne knew why until a vide replay cnfirmed the call and cntrversy was avided.
Hwever, many purists—thse wh want peple t fllw rules carefully and d things in the traditinal way—especially in sccer, argue it’s nt the way the game was invented, and that the vide replay is tainting the sprt. But dn’t yu want t see the prper applicatin f the rules thrughut the games? I knw I d. Yes, it can slw the game dwn, but I feel it is wrth it. If technlgical advancements allw fans watching frm hme t spt mistakes instantly, thse same views need t be available t the fficiating crews. Anther example ccurred in the mst recent Natinal Ftball Cnference (NFC) Champinship Game between the Ls Angeles Rams and the New Orleans Saints. When bvius pass interference was cmmitted by the Ls Angeles Rams player Nickell Rbey-Cleman, with just 109 secnds t play, n flag was raised n the field. It weakened the New Orleans Saints spirits. The Ls Angeles Rams wn a 26-23 vertime victry. The n-call deeply angered the public. The vide replay shwed the referees had just missed ne f the mst apparent pass interference calls.
There are n easy answers regarding replay technlgy and whether it is a curse (魔咒). But fr me, keeping the fficiating hnest and n task is the right step in limiting cntrversy.
1．What trend in sprts can be bserved in paragraph 2?
A．The vide replay has been widely used.
B．League games have becme cmpetitive.
C．Rules f prfessinal games are becming stricter.
D．Peple are shwing mre interest in sprts than befre.
2．What might the New Orleans Saints think f the referees in the NFC Champinship Game?
A．They relied a lt n the vide replay.
B．They cared t much abut details.
C．They were definitely stressed ut.
D．They were terribly disqualified.
3. （2024·河北省沧州市三县联考高三上学期11月月考）
Thugh Marley has lved sccer fr as lng as she can remember, her invlvement in the game didn’t extend beynd kickabuts with her father and brthers. But that all changed in 2014 when ne day her sn came hme frm schl and handed her a flier (传单), saying that his sccer cach had asked him t deliver it t her. “I’m reading it... like ‘Wait, Jamaica has a wmen’s ftball team? Where did this cme frm?’” she said.
Six years earlier, in 2008, underfunding had led t the Jamaican Ftball Federatin (JFF) disbanding the wmen’s natinal team prgram. The flier Marley’s sn brught hme was a fundraising request frm the JFF t help restart the prgram. Marley gt t wrk almst immediately, calling the JFF the fllwing mrning t ask what it needed.
“The needs were many,” Marley said, repeating the sentence as if t stress hw dire the situatin was. Frm travel and nutritin t accmmdatin and training camps, every area f the natinal team’s setup was in need f funding.
A skilled musician and multiple Grammy award-winning artist, Marley put her cnsiderable musical talents t wrk. “My family came tgether with me. We recrded a sng Strike Hard t raise funds,” she said.
Her effrts—and the wrk f cuntless thers wh were equally as cmmitted t the cause—paid ff as the wmen’s natinal team became the first Caribbean cuntry t qualify fr the Wmen’s Wrld Cup.
Marley’s wrk has helped nt nly imprve standards and cnditins fr players, but als shift the cuntry’s attitude twards the wmen’s natinal team. “These girls have been tld fr a lng time that wmen in sprts, especially ftball in Jamaica, really weren’t that imprtant,” Marley said. “Nbdy wants t give us brand deals because it’s the female team. It’s s gd nw t see hw all f that has changed dramatically, nt just fr ur wmen, but arund the wrld... and that makes me excited.”
1．Hw did Marley prbably feel while reading the flier?
A．Astnished.B．Disappinted.C．Grateful.D．Regretful.
2．Which can best describe the impact f Marley’s effrts?
A．Shrt-lived.B．Negative.C．Far-reaching.D．Unidentifiable.
4. （2024·江西省萍乡市高三上学期一模）
Sme peple get mre averse t risk as the years g by. Nt s Gail MacCallum, wh at age 40 quit a secure jb and left the city t explre mre pssibilities f life.
MacCallum mved quite a bit in childhd and spent her frmative years utside Canberra in a farmhuse withut electricity, where she enjyed the freedm f the natural wrld. In her teens, she and her family mved int the heart f inner-city Sydney, and she fund she adred that t.
In 2015, MacCallum and her then partner had a daughter, Amelia. They wanted t make sure that despite being a city kid, Amelia had plenty f natural encunters s they sught ut places t climb trees, watch lizards and spt turtles. But ne day MacCallum realised her little girl was mre at ease with busy streets than bushland. “When she was abut seven, we were visiting a friend whse place had a beautiful lawn. Amelia called ut t me and said, ‘I can’t g int the wild!’ We decided we had t let her experience a wider wrld and tw mnths later we were in a camper van heading ff arund Australia.”
MacCallum admits she felt wrried. “I thught we’d need t knw sme basic things but the trip was like a leap in the dark. ” As it happened, the van they’d bught brke dwn just 90 minutes int the trip. But after repairs they set ff again and travelled the cuntry fr six mnths, during which Amelia became an enthusiastic adventurer. “That trip helped me understand that success desn’t have t be assured,” MacCallum says. “I realised that yu can start smething and just wrk it ut as yu g alng.”
2．What can be inferred frm paragraph 3?
A．Amelia was raised in a casual way.
B．Amelia was a nature enthusiast just like her parents.
C．MacCallum and her partner planned the trip separately.
D．MacCallum expected her daughter t be clse t nature.
2．Which wrds can best describe their trip?
A．Cstly but satisfying.B．Eventful but educatinal.
C．Bring but meaningful.D．Difficult but rmantic.
五、阅读理解之推理判断---写作手法
（2024·广东省四校联考高三上学期11月月考）
Many bird species use different alarm calls. Japanese tits, which nest in tree hles, have ne call that causes their baby birds t get dwn t avid being pulled ut f the nest by crws, and anther call fr tree snakes that sends them jumping ut f the nest entirely. Siberian jays vary their calls depending n whether an enemy is seen lking fr fd r actively attacking — and each call gets a different respnse frm ther nearby birds.
9．Hw des the authr develp paragraph 2?
A．By listing data.B．By giving examples.
C．By prviding definitin.D．By making cmparisns.
六、阅读理解之推理判断---文章出处
1.（2024·河北省沧州市三县联考高三上学期11月月考）
Ocean temperature extremes are nw nrmal, a new study reprts. It has analyzed cean surface temperatures fr the past 150 years. It reveals that by 2019, 57 percent f the cean’s surface was warming t temperatures rarely seen 100 years ag.
Eclgists wanted t learn hw ften mdern extreme heat events ccur. They als wanted t see hw lng they last. Kisei Tanaka was ne f thse eclgists. He nw wrks fr the Natinal Oceanic and Atmspheric Administratin (NOAA) in Hnlulu, Hawaii. Tanaka teamed up with Kyle Van Hutan, wh wrks at the Lggerhead Marinelife Center. The tw analyzed mnthly sea surface temperatures cllected frm 1870 thrugh 2019. Then they mapped where and when extreme heat events had shwn up, decade by decade.
By lking at mnthly extremes instead f annual averages, the tw fund that ver time, mre and mre patches (区域) f water were reaching extreme temperatures. Then, in 2014, the entire cean hit a pint f n return, Van Hutan says.
Heat waves harm cean ecsystems. They can lead seabirds t starve... And animals—frm fish and whales t turtles—may have t swim lng distances in search f cmfrtable temperatures.
In May 2020, NOAA annunced that it was updating what climates it nw cnsidered “nrmal”. These values are what the agency uses t put daily weather events in a histrical cntext. The average values frm 1991 t 2020 are nw higher than thse frm 1981 t 2010, NOAA fund.
Van Hutan says his new study shws extreme cean warming is nw the nrm. Much discussin n climate change, he ntes, has been abut future events, and whether r nt they might happen. But what the emerging data make clear, he says, is that extreme heat became cmmn in ur cean in 2014. It’s a dcumented histrical fact—nt a future pssibility.
1．Why did the eclgists cnduct the research?
A．T prve what they had frecast.B．T recgnize the value f the data.
C．T update readers n newfund species.D．T find ut the trend f cean recrd heat.
2．What des Van Hutan want t stress at last?
A．Peple’s lifestyle will be greatly affected.B．It is a must t discuss the climate change.
C．Scientists must fcus n histrical events.D．Ocean heat extremes are the new nrmal.
3．In which sectin f a newspaper may this text appear?
A．Nature.B．Travel.C．Business.D．Histry.
2. （2024·四川省攀枝花市高三第一次统一考试）
As yu can imagine, there are many types f advertisements in different mediums, n different channels, and with different gals fr their business.
Print advertising
The first print advertisement ran in England in 1472. Since then, this type f advertising has becme available in newspapers, magazines, and similar mediums f carrying a brand’s message t its ideal users. In this advertisement methd, the advertiser pays the publisher t place their advertisements in the publicatin.
Radi advertising
Radi advertising dates back t 1920, when the first cmmercial radi statins were launched in the United States. In this advertisement medium, the advertiser pays the radi statin t play their advertisements during selected breaks between music r a radi shw.
Televisin advertising
Televisin advertising riginated in the 1940s with the prmtin f practical items and plitical campaigns. In this advertisement medium, the advertiser pays the lcal r natinal TV netwrk t shw their advertisements during selected breaks in the netwrk’s regular prgramming.
Internet advertising
Internet advertising tk rt in the middle f the 1990s. In this advertisement methd, the advertiser pays the website’s wner t place their advertisements in expsed spaces that are minr t the website’s wn cntent. Internet advertising includes vide, search engine marketing, and mre.
Hwever, as yu knw, the advertising types abve have develped dramatically since the irrespective rigins. Sme advertisements have been memrable years after they first ran.
S hw d yu create an advertising strategy that wrks fine? Please click here t knw mre abut the advertisements and campaigns we learn frm.
3．Where will yu prbably read this article?
A．In a textbk.B．In a newspaper.C．On a Website.D．In a magazine.
3. （2024·江西省萍乡市高三上学期一模）
The bks written and published in the 1920s remain n the “best ever” lists. Here are 4 bks that everyne shuld read.
The Great Gatsby
The themes in the nvel reflect the sudden change in the character f America itself, and in sme ways it’s amng the first majr mdern nvels prduced in this cuntry. The nvel als makes a new and pwerful cncept clear at the time: The American Dream, the idea that self-made men and wmen culd make themselves int anything in this cuntry.
A Farewell t Arms
The stry is ne f a lve affair interrupted and dgged by events beynd the lvers’ cntrl, and a central theme is the pintless struggle f life — that we spend s much energy and time n things that finally dn’t matter. Hemingway masterfully cmbines a realistic descriptin f war with sme abstract literary techniques, which is ne reasn why this bk endures as a classic.
Ulysses
When peple make lists f the mst difficult nvels, Ulysses is almst certainly n them. The ne thing almst everyne knws abut Ulysses is that it emplys “stream f cnsciusness”, a literary technique that seeks t shw the inner mnlgue f a persn. James Jyce wasn’t the first writer t use this technique, but he was the first writer t attempt it n the scale as he did.
Mrs. Dallway
It takes place n a single day in the life f the main character, and it emplys a dense and tricky stream-f-cnsciusness technique, raming (漫游) arund t ther characters and pint f view. Mrs. Dallway is cncerned with using these techniques t make the characters clear and definite. The use f stream f cnsciusness is deliberately disrienting in the way it skips thrugh time.
Where can the text be fund?
A．In a bigraphy.B．In a histry bk.
C．In a travel brchure.D．In a literature magazine.
七、阅读理解之推理判断---预测文章走势
1.（广东省茂名市五校联盟第二次联考）
"Hell!" Yu type int the chat bx. There's a slight feeling f excitement flwing thrugh yur fingers, and yu can't wait fr a reply. Yu think, "There's prbably nthing mre exciting than this."
With cmmunicatin frm all crners f the wrld pssible at the ease f yur fingers, we are nw witness t an advanced frm f the hand shake and physical cnversatins: nline friendships.
Alarmingly, accrding t Internet Safety 101, almst half f yung adult users have received upsetting messages, with 92 percent psting their wn real names and identificatin nline and 58 percent thinking it desn't cause cncern. And thugh sme parents may be biting their fingernails in fear right nw, mre than half f the yuth have admitted t making their friends nline and a gd majrity regularly text them.
Thugh the statistics are daunting, we hpe, we haven't scared yu ff! Researchers actually fund that pursuing nline friendships culd be beneficial. Penn State University reprted that this was especially the case fr thse with scial anxiety, as they might frm a strnger cmfrt bnd with their peers thrugh the screen rather than a face-t-face meeting.
Additinally, nline interactin may increase yur self-cnfidence. In ur current situatin f islatin, perhaps that perfect cnnectin frm the safety f ur hmes is all it takes t make things just a little mre bearable.
In the end, it all depends n yu. Whether r nt yur search fr a friend bears fruit lies in yur apprach, and thugh I'm nt a great relatinship master, I have sme tips that will aid yu in yur explratin fr the "BFF" f yur dreams.
1．What can we infer frm the third paragraph?
A．The yuth ften meet nline friends in reality.
B．Mst Internet users like texting t their nline friends.
C．Many parents like biting fingernails when wrried.
D．Mst yung adults lack awareness f Internet safety.
2．What's the authr's attitude t making friends n the Internet?
A．Objective.B．Supprtive.C．Negative.D．Unclear.
3．What d yu think the text will talk abut next?
A．Hw t get n well with nline friends.B．Hw t find nline best friends.
C．Hw t keep in tuch with nline friends.D．Hw t benefit frm dream nline friends.
2.（2023届安徽省皖南八校高三第三次大联考）
Mdern life is full f things that can influence yur ability t be sensitive and respnsive t yur child. These include extra wrk, lack f sleep, and things like mbile devices. Sme experts are cncerned abut the effects that these things trigger ff n emtinal bnding and children’s language develpment, scial interactin, and safety.
If parents are incnsistently available, kids can get distressed(苦恼的)and feel hurt, rejected, r ignred. They may have mre emtinal utbursts and feel alne. They may even stp trying t cmpete fr their parent’s attentin and start t lse emtinal cnnectins t their parents.
“There are times when kids really d need yur attentin and want yur recgnitin. Parents need t cmmunicate that their kids are valuable and imprtant, and children need t knw that parents care what they’re ding,” explains Crnic, a psychlgist. “Kids start t regulate their wn emtins and behavir arund age three. Up until then, they depend mre n yu t help them regulate their emtins, whether t calm them r help get them excited,” he adds.
Dr. Carl Metzler, wh studies parenting at the Oregn Research Institute, explains, “They’re watching yu t see hw yu d it and listening t hw yu talk t them abut it. Parents need t be gd self-regulatrs. Yu’re nt nly trying t regulate yur wn emtins in the mment, but helping yur child learn t manage their emtins and behavir. It can be tugh t respnd t yur kids with sensitivity during tantrums(精神痛苦), arguments, r ther challenging times. If parents respnd by being bad-tempered r aggressive(攻击性的)themselves, children can cpy that behavir, and a negative cycle then cntinues t upgrade.”
As kids becme better at managing their feelings and behavir, it’s imprtant t help them develp cping skills, like active prblem slving. Such skills can help them feel cnfident in handling what cmes their way.
What will the writer prbably talk abut next?
A．The way t train kids t be cnfident.
B．The way t train kids’ abilities t deal with matters.
C．The way t train kids t self-regulate their emtins.
D．The way t train kids’ abilities t be sensitive and respnsibe.
八、阅读理解之推理判断---文章结构
1.（2023届江西省赣州市高三下学期二模）
Sleep is reparative. Because we need t repair a lt while we sleep, it’s imprtant t get quality sleep.
Mst f us functin better in the daytime with rutines. We als functin better at night with a rutine because we want t keep pace with ur natural bdy rhythms. Each persn’s rutine may be different — sme peple wash their face at night, and sme take a bath — just make sure it is a rutine. That’s true during the week and n the weekend; cnsistency matters. Have a winding dwn, getting ready fr sleep rutine, and carry that ut at the same time every night. Find things that are relaxing and help slw yu dwn fr sleep. That may be reading, listening t music, meditating, praying — anything that’s relaxing while als being cnstructive r healthy.
Typically, peple relax and tend t slw everything dwn at bedtime. As they relax, they take deeper breaths, increasing xygen flw, which raises their skin temperature. This is ne f the key reasns why we sleep better in a cler envirnment. If yur skin temperature increases and yur rm is already a bit warm, yu will be t ht t sleep well.
The exact temperature is a persnal matter. The key is that it’s mre tward cl than ht. Many cnsider 68 degrees an envirnment that’s neither s cld we shiver nr s ht we sweat. But there’s n scientific evidence fr an exact, perfect sleeping temperature.
At the end f the day, sleep is abslutely crucial fr s many reasns. It helps us repair and rejuvenate s we can fight infectin, cncentrate, regulate ur mds, shw up fr urselves and the peple in ur lives, and basically functin as humans. We can’t make up lst sleep, cntrary t what many a night wl might think. S, it’s really high time we shuld d all we can t fster the best sleep pssible, starting with a cl rm and relaxing bedtime rutine.
1．What can be inferred frm Paragraph 2?
A．A rutine can be helpful in getting quality sleep.
B．It’s best t avid screens befre yu g t bed.
C．Higher quality f sleep leads t better mental health.
D．Listening t music makes it difficult t stay asleep.
2．What’s the structure f the text?
A．B．
C．D．
2.（2023届山东省潍坊市安丘市高三3月过程检测）
A diet rich in fruit and vegetables and incrprating a daily glass f wine can prtect the brain against dementia, a study suggests. Sticking clsely t Mediterranean eating habits, which als include plenty f nuts, seafd, whle grains and live il, has been linked t a 23 per cent lwer risk f dementia.
Based n data gathered n 60,000 peple via the UK Bibank, a medical database set up in 2006, the researchers scred participants’ diets fr hw clsely they matched the ideal Mediterranean diet n tw scales.
Using ne, thse whse eating habits were the best match were 23 per cent less likely t develp dementia than thse whse diets least fit the pattern. A diet with a perfect scre wuld invlve mre than fur tablespns f live il, at least tw prtins f vegetables and three f fruit per day as well as a glass f wine. It wuld als include at least three servings f legumes, 90 grams f nuts, and three servings f fish r shellfish a week. The ideal diet wuld als invlve very little red r prcessed meat, aviding t many sweetened drinks, butter, margarine r cream.
The secnd scale used similar criteria and a clse match n that was linked t a 14 per cent lwer risk f dementia. The findings, published in the jurnal BMC Medicine, appeared t shw a “prtective effect regardless f smene’s genetic risk”.
Dr Susan Mitchell, f Alzheimer’s Research UK, said, “There is a wealth f evidence that eating a healthy, balanced diet can help reduce the risk f cgnitive decline. But the evidence fr specific diets is much less clear-cut.” She pinted ut that the study nly drew n data frm peple with white, British r Irish ancestry. She said, “While there are n surefire ways t prevent dementia yet, a diet rich in fruit and vegetables, alng with plenty f exercise and nt smking, all cntribute t gd heart health, which in turn helps t prtect ur brain frm diseases that lead t dementia.”
Which f the fllwing best shws the structure f the passage?
A．B．
C．D．
九、阅读理解之推理判断---读者对象
（河北省高三模拟调研卷（三））
When a child is chking, it means that an bject is stuck in the trachea. When this happens, air can't flw nrmally int r ut f the lungs, s the child can t breathe prperly.
The trachea is usually prtected by epiglttis(喉头盖) . It allws fd t pass dwn and g int ur stmach and it als prevents fd frm ging dwn the trachea. But every nce in a while, the epiglttis desn't clse fast enugh and an bject can slip int the trachea. This is what happens when smething ges dwn the wrng pipe.
Mst f the time, the fd r bject nly partially blcks the trachea. If cughed up, breathing returns t nrmal quickly. Kids wh seem t be chking and cughing but still can breathe and talk usually recver withut help. It can be uncmfrtable fr them, but they're generally fine after a few secnds.
Smetimes, an bject can get int the trachea and cmpletely blck the airway. If airflw int and ut f the lungs is blcked and the brain will becme shrt f xygen, chking can becme a life-threatening emergency. A child may be chking and need help right away if he r she can’t breathe r can’t talk r make nise.
If yu have kids, it’s imprtant t get trained in bth CPR（心肺夏苏）and the technique f abdminal thrusts (腹部施压). Even if yu dn't have kids, knwing hw t perfrm these first-aid prcedures will let yu help if smene is chking.
All kids are at risk fr chking, but thse yunger than 3 are especially at risk. Yung kids tend t put things in their muths, have smaller airways that are easily blcked, and dn't have a lt f experience chewing, s they might swallw things whle.
Take the time nw t becme prepared CPR and first-aid curses are a must fr parent, ther caregivers, and babysitters. T find ne in yur area, cntact yur lcal American Red Crss, YMCA, r American Heart Assciatin, r check with hspitals and health departments in yur cmmunity.
3．Whm is the text written fr?
A．American parents.B．Japanese vlunteers.
C．British dctrs.D．Australian visitrs.
十、高考真题
1.[2023·新高考全国Ⅰ卷]
B
When Jhn Tdd was a child, he lved t explre the wds arund his huse, bserving hw nature slved prblems. A dirty stream, fr example,ften became clear after flwing thrugh plants and alng rcks where tiny creatures lived. When he gt lder, Jhn started t wnder if this prcess culd be used t clean up the messes peple were making.
After studying agriculture, medicine, and fisheries in cllege, Jhn went back t bserving nature and asking questins. Why can certain plants trap harmful bacteria(细菌)? Which kinds f fish can eat cancer-causing chemicals? With the right cmbinatin f animals and plants, he figured, maybe he culd clean up waste the way nature did. He decided t build what he wuld later call an ec-machine.
The task Jhn set fr himself was t remve harmful substances frm sme sludge (污泥). First, he cnstructed a series f clear fibreglass tanks cnnected t each ther. Then he went arund t lcal pnds and streams and brught back sme plants and animals. He placed them in the tanks and waited. Little by little,these different kinds f life gt used t ne anther and frmed their wn ecsystem. After a few weeks, Jhn added the sludge.
He was amazed at the results. The plants and animals in the ec-machine tk the sludge as fd and began t eat it! Within weeks, it had all been digested, and all that was left was pure water.
Over the years, Jhn has taken n many big jbs. He develped a greenhuse-like facility that treated sewage(污水) frm 1,600 hmes in Suth Burlingtn. He als designed an ec-machine t clean canal water in Fuzhu, a city in sutheast China.
“Eclgical design” is the name Jhn gives t what he des.“Life n Earth is kind f a bx f spare parts fr the inventr,” he says.“Yu put rganisms in new relatinships and bserve what?s happening. Then yu let these new systems develp their wn ways t self-repair.”
( )24.What can we learn abut Jhn frm the first tw paragraphs?
A.He was fnd f travelling.
B.He enjyed being alne.
C.He had an inquiring mind.
D.He lnged t be a dctr.
2.[2023·新高考全国Ⅱ卷]
D
As cities balln with grwth, access t nature fr peple living in urban areas is becming harder t find. If yu’re lucky, there might be a pcket park near where yu live, but it’s unusual t find places in a city that are relatively wild.
Past research has fund health and wellness benefits f nature fr humans, but a new study shws that wildness in urban areas is extremely imprtant fr human well-being.
The research team fcused n a large urban park. They surveyed several hundred park-gers, asking them t submit a written summary nline f a meaningful interactin they had with nature in the park. The researchers then examined these submissins, cding (编码) experiences int different categries. Fr example, ne participant’s experience f “We sat and listened t the waves at the beach fr a while” was assigned the categries “sitting at beach” and “listening t waves”.
Acrss the 320 submissins, a pattern f categries the researchers call a“nature language” began t emerge. After the cding f all submissins, half a dzen categries were nted mst ften as imprtant t visitrs. These include encuntering wildlife, walking alng the edge f water, and fllwing an established trail.
Naming each nature experience creates a usable language, which helps peple recgnize and take part in the activities that are mst satisfying and meaningful t them. Fr example, the experience f walking alng the edge f water might be satisfying fr a yung prfessinal n a weekend hike in the park. Back dwntwn during a wrkday, they can enjy a mre dmestic frm f this interactin by walking alng a funtain n their lunch break.
“We’re trying t generate a language that helps bring the human-nature interactins back int ur daily lives. And fr that t happen, we als need t prtect nature s that we can interact with it,” said Peter Kahn, a senir authr f the study.
( )34.What can we learn frm the example given in Paragraph 5?
A.Walking is the best way t gain access t nature.
B.Yung peple are t busy t interact with nature.
C.The same nature experience takes different frms.
D.The nature language enhances wrk perfrmance.
3.[2023·全国乙卷]
B
Living in Iwa and trying t becme a phtgrapher specializing in landscape (风景) can be quite a challenge, mainly because the crn state lacks gegraphical variatin.
Althugh landscapes in the Midwest tend t be quite similar, either farm fields r highways,smetimes I find distinctive character in the hills r lakes. T make sme f my landscape shts, I have travelled up t fur hurs away t sht within a 10-minute time frame. I tend t travel with a few f my friends t state parks r t the cuntryside t g n adventures and take phts alng the way.
Being at the right place at the right time is decisive in any style f phtgraphy. I ften leave early t seek the right destinatins s I can set up early t avid missing the mment I am attempting t phtgraph. I have missed plenty f beautiful sunsets/sunrises due t being n the spt nly five minutes befre the best mment.
One time my friends and I drve three hurs t Devil’s Lake, Wiscnsin, t climb the purple quartz (石英) rck arund the lake. After we fund a crazy-lking rad that hung ver a bunch f rcks, we decided t phtgraph the scene at sunset. The psitin enabled us t lk ver the lake with the sunset in the backgrund. We managed t leave this spt t climb higher because f the spare time until sunset. Hwever,we did nt mark the rute (路线) s we ended up almst missing the sunset entirely. Once we fund the place, it was stressful getting lights and cameras set up in the limited time. Still, lking back n the phts,they are sme f my best shts thugh they culd have been s much better if I wuld have been prepared and managed my time wisely.
( )26.What can we infer frm the authr’s trip with friends t Devil’s Lake?
A.They went crazy with the purple quartz rck.
B.They felt stressed while waiting fr the sunset.
C.They reached the shting spt later than expected.
D.They had prblems with their equipment.
4.D【2022·全国高考乙卷】
The Gvernment's sugar tax n sft drinks has brught in half as much mney as Ministers first predicted it wuld generate, the first fficial data n the plicy has shwn.
First annunced in April, 2016, the tax which applies t sft drinks cntaining mre than 5g f sugar per 100ml, was intrduced t help reduce childhd besity（肥胖）. It is believed that tday's children and teenagers are cnsuming three times the recmmended level f sugar, putting them at a higher risk f the disease.
Initially the sugar tax was expected t make £520m a year fr the Treasury. Hwever, data f the first six mnths shwed it wuld make less than half this amunt. At present it is expected t generate £240m fr the year ending in April 2019, which will g t schl sprts.
It cmes after mre than half f sft drinks sld in shps have had their sugar levels cut by manufacturers（制造商）s they can avid paying the tax. Drinks nw cntain 45 millin fewer kils f sugar as a result f manufacturers' effrts t avid the charge, accrding t Treasury figures. Since April drinks cmpanies have been frced t pay between 18p and 24p fr every litre f sugary drink they prduce r imprt, depending n the sugar cntent.
Hwever, sme high sugar brands, like Classic Cca Cla, have accepted the sugar tax and are refusing t change fr fear f upsetting cnsumers. Fruit juices, milk-based drinks and mst alchlic drinks are free f the tax, as are small cmpanies manufacturing fewer than 1m litres per year.
Tday's figures, accrding t ne gvernment fficial, shw the psitive influence the sugar tax is having by raising millins f punds fr sprts facilities（设施）and healthier eating in schls. Helping the next generatin t have a healthy and active childhd is f great imprtance, and the industry is playing its part.
15. What can be inferred abut the adptin f the sugar tax plicy?
A. It is a shrt-sighted decisin.B. It is a success stry.
C. It benefits manufacturers.D. It upsets custmers.
5.B【2021·英语全国甲卷】
Prt Lympne Reserve, which runs a breeding (繁育) prgramme, has welcmed the arrival f a rare black rhin calf (犀牛幼崽). When the tiny creature arrived n January 31, she became the 40th black rhin t be brn at the reserve. And fficials at Prt Lympne were delighted with the new arrival, especially as black rhins are knwn fr being difficult t breed in captivity (圈养).
Paul Beer, head f rhin sectin at Prt Lympne, said: “Obviusly we're all abslutely delighted t welcme anther calf t ur black rhin family. She's healthy, strng and already eager t play and explre. Her mther, Sli, is a first-time mum and she is ding a fantastic jb. It's still a little t cld fr them t g ut int the pen, but as sn as the weather warms up, I have n dubt that the little ne will be ut and abut explring and playing every day.”
The adrable female calf is the secnd black rhin brn this year at the reserve, but it is t early t tell if the calves will make gd candidates t be returned t prtected areas f the wild. The first rhin t be brn at Prt Lympne arrived n January 5 t first-time mther Kisima and weighed abut 32kg. His mther, grandmther and great grandmther were all brn at the reserve and still live there.
Accrding t the Wrld Wildlife Fund, the glbal black rhin ppulatin has drpped as lw as 5500, giving the rhins a “critically endangered” status.
7．What can be inferred abut Prn Lympne Reserve?
A．The rhin sectin will be pen t the public.
B．It aims t cntrl the number f the animals.
C．It will cntinue t wrk with the Wrld Wildlife Fund.
D．Sme f its rhins may be sent t the prtected wild areas.
6.A【2022·新高考I卷】
Grading Plicies fr Intrductin t Literature
Grading Scale
90-100, A; 80-89, B; 70-79, C; 60-69, D; Belw 60, E.
Essays (60%)
Yur fur majr essays will cmbine t frm the main part f the grade fr this curse: Essay 1 = 10%; Essay 2 = 15%; Essay 3 = 15%; Essay 4 = 20%.
Grup Assignments (30%)
Students will wrk in grups t cmplete fur assignments (作业) during the curse. All the assignments will be submitted by the assigned date thrugh Blackbard, ur nline learning and curse management system.
Daily Wrk/In-Class Writings and Tests/Grup Wrk/Hmewrk (10%)
Class activities will vary frm day t day, but students must be ready t cmplete shrt in-class writings r tests drawn directly frm assigned readings r ntes frm the previus class' lecture/discussin, s it is imprtant t take careful ntes during class. Additinally, frm time t time I will assign grup wrk t be cmpleted in class r shrt assignments t be cmpleted at hme, bth f which will be graded.
Late Wrk
An essay nt submitted in class n the due date will lse a letter grade fr each class perid it is late. If it is nt turned in by the 4th day after the due date, it will earn a zer. Daily assignments nt cmpleted during class will get a zer. Shrt writings missed as a result f an excused absence will be accepted.
1. Where is this text prbably taken frm?
A. A textbk.B. An exam paper.C. A curse plan.D. An academic article.
2. Hw many parts is a student’s final grade made up f?
A. Tw.B. Three.C. Fur.D. Five.
3. What will happen if yu submit an essay ne week after the due date?
A. Yu will receive a zer.B. Yu will lse a letter grade.
C. Yu will be given a test.D. Yu will have t rewrite it.
7.C【2022·新高考I卷】
The elderly residents (居民) in care hmes in Lndn are being given hens t lk after t stp them feeling lnely.
The prject was dreamed up by a lcal charity (慈善组织) t reduce lneliness and imprve elderly peple’s wellbeing. It is als being used t help patients suffering dementia, a serius illness f the mind. Staff in care hmes have reprted a reductin in the use f medicine where hens are in use.
Amng thse taking part in the prject is 80-year-ld Ruth Xavier. She said: “I used t keep hens when I was yunger and had t prepare their breakfast each mrning befre I went t schl. ”
“I like the prject a lt. I am dwn there in my wheelchair in the mrning letting the hens ut and dwn there again at night t see they’ve gne t bed.”
“It’s gd t have a different fcus. Peple have been bringing their children in t see the hens and residents cme and sit utside t watch them. I’m enjying the creative activities, and it feels great t have dne smething useful.”
There are nw 700 elderly peple lking after hens in 20 care hmes in the Nrth East, and the charity has been given financial supprt t rll it ut cuntrywide.
Wendy Wilsn, extra care manager at 60 Penfld Street, ne f the first t embark n the prject, said: “Residents really welcme the idea f the prject and the creative sessins. We are lking frward t the benefits and fun the prject can bring t peple here.”
Lynn Lewis, directr f Ntting Hill Pathways, said: “We are happy t be taking part in the prject. It will really help cnnect ur residents thrugh a shared interest and creative activities.”
8. What is the purpse f the prject?
A. T ensure harmny in care hmes.B. T prvide part-time jbs fr the aged.
C. T raise mney fr medical research.D. T prmte the elderly peple’s welfare.
9. Hw has the prject affected Ruth Xavier?
A. She has learned new life skills.B. She has gained a sense f achievement.
C. She has recvered her memry.D. She has develped a strng persnality.
10. What d the underlined wrds “embark n” mean in paragraph 7?
A. Imprve.B. Oppse.C. Begin.D. Evaluate.
11. What can we learn abut the prject frm the last tw paragraphs?
A. It is well received.B. It needs t be mre creative.
C. It is highly prfitable.D. It takes ages t see the results.
8.D【2022·全国高考乙卷】
The Gvernment's sugar tax n sft drinks has brught in half as much mney as Ministers first predicted it wuld generate, the first fficial data n the plicy has shwn.
First annunced in April, 2016, the tax which applies t sft drinks cntaining mre than 5g f sugar per 100ml, was intrduced t help reduce childhd besity（肥胖）. It is believed that tday's children and teenagers are cnsuming three times the recmmended level f sugar, putting them at a higher risk f the disease.
Initially the sugar tax was expected t make £520m a year fr the Treasury. Hwever, data f the first six mnths shwed it wuld make less than half this amunt. At present it is expected t generate £240m fr the year ending in April 2019, which will g t schl sprts.
It cmes after mre than half f sft drinks sld in shps have had their sugar levels cut by manufacturers（制造商）s they can avid paying the tax. Drinks nw cntain 45 millin fewer kils f sugar as a result f manufacturers' effrts t avid the charge, accrding t Treasury figures. Since April drinks cmpanies have been frced t pay between 18p and 24p fr every litre f sugary drink they prduce r imprt, depending n the sugar cntent.
Hwever, sme high sugar brands, like Classic Cca Cla, have accepted the sugar tax and are refusing t change fr fear f upsetting cnsumers. Fruit juices, milk-based drinks and mst alchlic drinks are free f the tax, as are small cmpanies manufacturing fewer than 1m litres per year.
Tday's figures, accrding t ne gvernment fficial, shw the psitive influence the sugar tax is having by raising millins f punds fr sprts facilities（设施）and healthier eating in schls. Helping the next generatin t have a healthy and active childhd is f great imprtance, and the industry is playing its part.
12. Why was the sugar tax intrduced?
A. T cllect mney fr schls.B. T imprve the quality f drinks.
C. T prtect children’s health.D. T encurage research in educatin.
13. Hw did sme drinks cmpanies respnd t the sugar tax?
A. They turned t verseas markets.B. They raised the prices f their prducts.
C. They cut dwn n their prductin.D. They reduced their prducts’ sugar cntent.
14. Frm which f the fllwing is the sugar tax cllected?
A. Mst alchlic drinks.B. Milk-based drinks.C. Fruit juices.D. Classic Cke.
15. What can be inferred abut the adptin f the sugar tax plicy?
A. It is a shrt-sighted decisin.B. It is a success stry.
C. It benefits manufacturers.D. It upsets custmers.
9.B【2021·英语全国甲卷】
Prt Lympne Reserve, which runs a breeding (繁育) prgramme, has welcmed the arrival f a rare black rhin calf (犀牛幼崽). When the tiny creature arrived n January 31, she became the 40th black rhin t be brn at the reserve. And fficials at Prt Lympne were delighted with the new arrival, especially as black rhins are knwn fr being difficult t breed in captivity (圈养).
Paul Beer, head f rhin sectin at Prt Lympne, said: “Obviusly we're all abslutely delighted t welcme anther calf t ur black rhin family. She's healthy, strng and already eager t play and explre. Her mther, Sli, is a first-time mum and she is ding a fantastic jb. It's still a little t cld fr them t g ut int the pen, but as sn as the weather warms up, I have n dubt that the little ne will be ut and abut explring and playing every day.”
The adrable female calf is the secnd black rhin brn this year at the reserve, but it is t early t tell if the calves will make gd candidates t be returned t prtected areas f the wild. The first rhin t be brn at Prt Lympne arrived n January 5 t first-time mther Kisima and weighed abut 32kg. His mther, grandmther and great grandmther were all brn at the reserve and still live there.
Accrding t the Wrld Wildlife Fund, the glbal black rhin ppulatin has drpped as lw as 5500, giving the rhins a “critically endangered” status.
7．What can be inferred abut Prn Lympne Reserve?
A．The rhin sectin will be pen t the public.
B．It aims t cntrl the number f the animals.
C．It will cntinue t wrk with the Wrld Wildlife Fund.
D．Sme f its rhins may be sent t the prtected wild areas.
10.C【2021·英语全国甲卷】
When I was 9, we packed up ur hme in Ls Angeles and arrived at Heathrw, Lndn n a gray January mrning. Everyne in the family settled quickly int the city except me. Withut my belved beaches and endless blue—sky days, I felt at a lss and ut f place. Until I made a discvery.
Suthbank, at an eastern bend in the Thames, is the center f British skatebarding, where the cntinuus crashing f skatebards left yur head ringing .I lved it. I sn made friends with the lcal skaters. We spke ur wn language. And my favrite: Safe. Safe meant cl. It meant hell. It meant dn't wrry abut it. Once, when trying a certain trick n the beam（横杆）, I fell nt the stnes, damaging a nerve in my hand, and Tby came ver, helping me up: Safe, man. Safe. A few minutes later, when I landed the trick, my friends beat their bards lud, shuting: “ Safe! Safe! Safe!” And that's what mattered—landing tricks, being a gd skater.
When I was 15, my family mved t Washingtn. I tried skatebarding there, but the lcals were far less welcming. Within a cuple f years, I'd given it up.
When I returned t Lndn in 2004, I fund myself wandering dwn t Suthbank, spending hurs there. I've traveled back several times since, mst recently this past spring. The day was cld but clear: turists and Lndners stpped t watch the skaters. Weaving（穿梭）amng the kids wh rushed by n their bards, I fund my way t the beam. Then a rail—thin teenager, in a baggy white T—shirt, skidded（滑）up t the beam. He sat next t me. He seemed nt t ntice the man next t him. But sn I caught a few f his glances. “I was a lcal here 20 years ag,” I tld him. Then, slwly, he began t nd his head. “Safe, man. Safe.”
“Yeah,” I said. “Safe.”
8．What can we learn abut the authr sn after he mved t Lndn?
A．He felt disappinted.B．He gave up his hbby.
C．He liked the weather there.D．He had disagreements with his family.
11.D【2021·英语全国甲卷】
Wh is a genius? This questin has greatly interested humankind fr centuries.
Let's state clearly: Einstein was a genius. His face is almst the internatinal symbl fr genius. But we want t g beynd ne man and explre the nature f genius itself. Why is it that sme peple are s much mre intelligent r creative than the rest f us? And wh are they?
In the sciences and arts, thse praised as geniuses were mst ften white men, f Eurpean rigin. Perhaps this is nt a surprise. It's said that histry is written by the victrs, and thse victrs set the standards fr admissin t the genius club. When cntributins were made by geniuses utside the club—wmen, r peple f a different clr r belief—they were unacknwledged and rejected by thers.
A study recently published by Science fund that as yung as age six, girls are less likely than bys t say that members f their gender(性别)are “really, really smart.” Even wrse, the study fund that girls act n that belief: Arund age six they start t avid activities said t be fr children wh are “really, really smart.” Can ur planet affrd t have any great thinkers becme discuraged and give up? It desn't take a genius t knw the answer: abslutely nt.
Here's the gd news. In a wired wrld with cnstant glbal cmmunicatin, we're all psitined t see flashes f genius wherever they appear. And the mre we lk, the mre we will see that scial factrs(因素)like gender, race, and class d nt determine the appearance f genius. As a writer says, future geniuses cme frm thse with “intelligence, creativity, perseverance(毅力), and simple gd frtune, wh are able t change the wrld.”
13．What can we infer abut girls frm the study in Science?
A．They think themselves smart.
B．They lk up t great thinkers.
C．They see gender differences earlier than bys.
D．They are likely t be influenced by scial beliefs
12.B【2021·全国高考乙卷】
When almst everyne has a mbile phne, why are mre than half f Australian hmes still paying fr a landline（座机）?
These days yu’d be hard pressed t find anyne in Australia ver the age f 15 wh desn’t wn a mbile phne. In fact plenty f yunger kids have ne in their pcket. Practically everyne can make and receive calls anywhere, anytime.
Still, 55 percent f Australians have a landline phne at hme and nly just ver a quarter （29%） rely nly n their smartphnes accrding t a survey （调查）. Of thse Australians wh still have a landline, a third cncede that it’s nt really necessary and they’re keeping it as a security blanket — 19 percent say they never use it while a further 13 percent keep it in case f emergencies. I think my hme falls int that categry.
Mre than half f Australian hmes are still chsing t stick with their hme phne. Age is naturally a factr（因素）— nly 58 percent f Generatin Ys still use landlines nw and then, cmpared t 84 percent f Baby Bmers wh’ve perhaps had the same hme number fr 50 years. Age isn’t the nly factr; I’d say it’s als t d with the makeup f yur husehld.
Generatin Xers with yung families, like my wife and I, can still find it cnvenient t have a hme phne rather than prviding a mbile phne fr every family member. That said, t be hnest the nly peple wh ever ring ur hme phne are ur Baby Bmers parents, t the pint where we play a game and guess wh is calling befre we pick up the phne（using Caller ID wuld take the fun ut f it）.
Hw attached are yu t yur landline? Hw lng until they g the way f gas street lamps and mrning milk deliveries?
27．What can be inferred abut the landline frm the last paragraph?
A．It remains a family necessity.
B．It will fall ut f use sme day.
C．It may increase daily expenses.
D．It is as imprtant as the gas light.
13.D【2021·全国高考乙卷】
During an interview fr ne f my bks, my interviewer said smething I still think abut ften. Annyed by the level f distractin（干扰）in his pen ffice, he said, “That’s why I have a membership at the c-wrking space acrss the street — s I can fcus”. His cmment struck me as strange. After all, c-wrking spaces als typically use an pen ffice layut（布局）. But I recently came acrss a study that shws why his apprach wrks.
The researchers examined varius levels f nise n participants as they cmpleted tests f creative thinking. They were randmly divided int fur grups and expsed t varius nise levels in the backgrund, frm ttal silence t 50 decibels（分贝）, 70 decibels, and 85 decibels. The differences between mst f the grups were statistically insignificant; hwever, the participants in the 70 decibels grup — thse expsed t a level f nise similar t backgrund chatter in a cffee shp — significantly utperfrmed the ther grups. Since the effects were small, this may suggest that ur creative thinking des nt differ that much in respnse t ttal silence and 85 decibels f backgrund nise.
But since the results at 70 decibels were significant, the study als suggests that the right level f backgrund nise — nt t lud and nt ttal silence — may actually imprve ne’s creative thinking ability. The right level f backgrund nise may interrupt ur nrmal patterns f thinking just enugh t allw ur imaginatins t wander, withut making it impssible t fcus. This kind f “distracted fcus” appears t be the best state fr wrking n creative tasks.
S why d s many f us hate ur pen ffices? The prblem may be that, in ur ffices, we can’t stp urselves frm getting drawn int thers’ cnversatins while we’re trying t fcus. Indeed, the researchers fund that face-t-face interactins and cnversatins affect the creative prcess, and yet a c-wrking space r a cffee shp prvides a certain level f nise while als prviding freedm frm interruptins.
35．What can we infer abut the authr frm the text?
A．He’s a news reprter.
B．He’s an ffice manager.
C．He’s a prfessinal designer.
D．He’s a published writer.
14.C【2021·全国新高考I卷】
When the explrers first set ft upn the cntinent f Nrth America, the skies and lands were alive with an astnishing variety f wildlife. Native Americans had taken care f these precius natural resurces wisely. Unfrtunately, it tk the explrers and the settlers wh fllwed nly a few decades t decimate a large part f these resurces. Millins f waterfwl ( 水 禽 ) were killed at the hands f market hunters and a handful f verly ambitius sprtsmen. Millins f acres f wetlands were dried t feed and huse the ever-increasing ppulatins, greatly reducing waterfwl habitat.
In 1934, with the passage f the Migratry Bird Hunting Stamp Act (Act), an increasingly cncerned natin tk firm actin t stp the destructin f migratry ( 迁徙的) waterfwl and the wetlands s vital t their survival. Under this Act, all waterfwl hunters 16 years f age and ver must annually purchase and carry a Federal Duck Stamp. The very first Federal Duck Stamp was designed by J.N. “Ding” Darling, a plitical cartnist frm Des Mines, lwa, wh at that time was appinted by President Franklin Rsevelt as Directr f the Bureau f Bilgical Survey. Hunters willingly pay the stamp price t ensure the survival f ur natural resurces.
Abut 98 cents f every duck stamp dllar ges directly int the Migratry Bird Cnservatin Fund t purchase wetlands and wildlife habitat fr inclusin int the Natinal Wildlife Refuge System — a fact that ensures this land will be prtected and available fr all generatins t cme. Since 1934, better than half a billin dllars has gne int that Fund t purchase mre than 5 millin acres f habitat. Little wnder the Federal Duck Stamp Prgram has been called ne f the mst successful cnservatin prgrams ever initiated.291
30．What is a direct result f the Act passed in 1934?
A．The stamp price has gne dwn.B．The migratry birds have flwn away.
C．The hunters have stpped hunting.D．The gvernment has cllected mney.
15. B【2020·浙江卷】
The traffic signals alng Factria Bulevard in Bellevue, Washingtn, generally dn't flash the same length f green twice in a rw, especially at rush hur. At 9:30am, the full red/yellw/green signal cycle might be 140 secnds. By 9:33am, a burst f additinal traffic might push it t 145 secnds. Less traffic at 9:37am culd push it dwn t 135. Just like the traffic itself, the timing f the signals changes.
That is by design. Bellevue, a fast-grwing city just east f Seattle, uses a system that is gaining ppularity arund the US: intersectin(十字路口) signals that can adjust in real time t traffic cnditins. These lights, knwn as adaptive signals, have led t significant declines in bth the truble and cst f travels between wrk and hme.
“Adaptive signals can make sure that the traffic demand that is there is being addressed, ” says Alex Stevanvic, a researcher at Flrida Atlantic University.
Fr all f Bellevue’s success, adaptive signals are nt a cure-all fr jammed radways. Kevin Balke, a research engineer at the Texas A&M University Transprtatin Institute, says that while smart lights can be particularly beneficial fr sme cities, thers are s jammed that nly a sharp reductin in the number f cars n the rad will make a meaningful difference. “It’s nt ging t fix everything, but adaptive signals have sme benefits fr smaller cities,” he says.
In Bellevue, the switch t adaptive signals has been a lessn in the value f welcming new appraches. In the past, there was ften an autmatic reactin t increased traffic: just widen the rads, says Mark Pch, the Bellevue Transprtatin Department’s traffic engineering manager. Nw he hpes that ther cities will cnsider making their streets run smarter instead f just making them bigger.
26．What des Kevin Balke say abut adaptive signals?
A．They wrk better n brad rads.
B．They shuld be used in ther cities.
C．They have greatly reduced traffic n the rad.
D．They are less helpful in cities seriusly jammed.
27．What can we learn frm Bellevue’s success?
A．It is rewarding t try new things.B．The ld methds still wrk tday.
C．I pays t put thery int practice.D．The simplest way is the best way.
16. C【2020·浙江卷】
Challenging wrk that requires lts f analytical thinking, planning and ther managerial skills might help yur brain stay sharp as yu age, a study published Wednesday in the jurnal Neurlgy suggests.
Researchers frm the University f Leipzig in Germany gathered mre than 1, 000 retired wrkers wh were ver age 75 and assessed the vlunteers’ memry and thinking skills thrugh a battery f tests. Then, fr eight years, the scientists asked the same grup t cme back t the lab every 18 mnths t take the same srts f tests.
Thse wh had held mentally stimulating(刺激), demanding jbs befre retirement tended t d the best n the tests. And they tended t lse cgnitive(认知) functin at a much slwer rate than thse with the least mentally challenging jbs. The results held true even after the scientists accunted fr the participants’ verall health status.
“This wrks just like physical exercise, ” says Francisca Then, wh led the study. “After a lng run, yu may feel like yu’re in pain, yu may feel tired. But it makes yu fit. After a lng day at wrk-sure, yu will feel tired, but it can help yur brain stay healthy. ”
It's nt just crprate jbs, r even paid wrk that can help keep yur brain fit, Then pints ut. A waiter’s jb, fr example, that requires multitasking, teamwrk and decisin-making culd be just as stimulating as any high-level ffice wrk. And “running a family husehld requires high-level planning and crdinating(协调), ” she says. “Yu have t rganize the activities f the children and take care f the bills and grceries. ”
Of curse, ur brains can decline as we grw lder fr lts f reasns-including ther envirnmental influences r genetic factrs. Still, cntinuing t challenge yurself mentally and keeping yur mind busy can nly help.304
29．Hw des Francisca Then explain her findings in paragraph 4?
A．By using an expert’s wrds.B．By making a cmparisn.
C．By referring t anther study.D．By intrducing a cncept.
17. B【2020·全国新高考II山东卷】
Jenifer Mauer has needed mre willpwer than the typical cllege student t pursue her gal f earning a nursing degree. That willpwer bre fruit when Jennifer graduated frm University f Wiscnsin-Eau Claire and became the first in her large family t earn a bachelr's degree.
Mauer, f Edgar, Wiscnsin, grew up n a farm in a family f 10 children. Her dad wrked at a jb away frm the farm, and her mther ran the farm with the kids. After high schl, Jennifer attended a lcal technical cllege, wrking t pay her tuitin（学费）, because there was n extra mney set aside fr a cllege educatin. After graduatin, she wrked t help her sisters and brthers pay fr their schling.
Jennifer nw is married and has three children f her wn. She decided t g back t cllege t advance her career and t be able t better supprt her family while ding smething she lves: nursing. She chse the UW-Eau Claire prgram at Ministry Saint Jseph's Hspital in Marshfield because she was able t pursue her fur-year degree clse t hme. She culd drive t class and be hme in the evening t help with her kids. Jenifer received great supprt frm her family as she wrked t car her degree: Her husband wrked tw jbs t cver the bills, and her 68-year-ld mther helped take care f the children at times.
Thrugh it all, she remained in gd academic standing and graduated with hnrs. Jennifer sacrificed（牺牲）t achieve her gal, giving up many nights with her kids and missing imprtant events t study. “Sme nights my heart was breaking t have t pick between my kids and studying fr exams r papers,” she says. Hwever, her children have learned an imprtant lessn witnessing their mther earn her degree. Jennifer is a first-generatin graduate and an inspiratin t her family-and that's pretty pwerful.
7. What can we learn frm Jenifer's stry? （ ）
A. Time is mney. B. Lve breaks dwn barriers.
C. Hard wrk pays ff. D. Educatin is the key t success.
18. D【2020·全国新高考II山东卷】
Accrding t a recent study in the Jurnal f Cnsumer Research, bth the size and cnsumptin habits f ur eating cmpanins can influence ur fd intake. And cntrary t existing research that says yu shuld avid eating with heavier peple wh rder large prtins(份), it's the beanples with big appetites yu really need t avid.
T test the effect f scial influence n eating habits, the researchers cnducted tw experiments. In the first, 95 undergraduate wmen were individually invited int a lab t stensibly(表面上)participate in a study abut mvie viewership. Befre the film began, each wman was asked t help herself t a snack. An actr hired by the researchers grabbed her fd first. In her natural state, the actr weighed 105 punds. But in half the cases she wre a specially designed fat suit which increased her weight t 180 punds.
Bth the fat and thin versins f the actr tk a large amunt f fd. The participants fllwed suit, taking mre fd than they nrmally wuld have. Hwever, they tk significantly mre when the actr was thin.
Fr the secnd test, in ne case the thin actr tk tw pieces f candy frm the snack bwls. In the ther case, she tk 30 pieces. The results were similar t the first test: the participants fllwed suit but tk significantly mre candy when the thin actr tk 30 pieces.
The tests shw that the scial envirnment is extremely influential when we're making decisins. If this fellw participant is ging t eat mre, s will I. Call it the “I’ll have what she's having” effect. Hwever, we'll adjust the influence. If an verweight persn is having a large prtin, I'll hld back a bit because I see the results f his eating habits. But if a thin persn eats a lt, I'll fllw suit. If he can eat much and keep slim, why can't I?
14．Why did the researchers hire the actr?
A．T see hw she wuld affect the participants.
B．T test if the participants culd recgnize her.
C．T find ut what she wuld d in the tw tests.
D．T study why she culd keep her weight dwn.
15．On what basis d we “adjust the influence” accrding t the last paragraph?
A．Hw hungry we are.B．Hw slim we want t be.
C．Hw we perceive thers.D．Hw we feel abut the fd.
19. B【2020·全国新课标I】
Returning t a bk yu’ve read many times can feel like drinks with an ld friend. There’s a welcme familiarity - but als smetimes a slight suspicin that time has changed yu bth, and thus the relatinship. But bks dn’t change, peple d. And that’s what makes the act f rereading s rich and transfrmative.
The beauty f rereading lies in the idea that ur bnd with the wrk is based n ur present mental register. It’s true, the lder I get, the mre I feel time has wings. But with reading, it’s all abut the present. It’s abut the nw and what ne cntributes t the nw, because reading is a give and take between authr and reader. Each has t pull their wn weight.
There are three bks I reread annually The first, which I take t reading every spring is Emest Hemningway’s A Mveable Feast. Published in 1964, it’s his classic memir f 1920s Paris. The language is almst intxicating (令人陶醉的)，an aging writer lking back n an ambitius yet simpler time. Anther is Annie Dillard’s Hly the Firm, her petic 1975 ramble (随笔) abut everything and nthing. The third bk is Juli Crtazar’s Save Twilight: Selected Pems, because petry. And because Crtazar.
While I tend t buy a lt f bks, these three were given t me as gifs, which might add t the meaning I attach t them. But I imagine that, while mney is indeed wnderful and necessary, rereading an authr’s wrk is the highest currency a reader can pay them. The best bks are the nes that pen further as time passes. But remember, it’s yu that has t grw and read and reread in rder t better understand yur friends.
24．Why des the authr like rereading?
A．It evaluates the writer-reader relatinship.
B．It’s a windw t a whle new wrld.
C．It’s a substitute fr drinking with a friend.
D．It extends the understanding f neself.
25．What d we knw abut the bk A Mveable Feas!?
A．It’s a brief accunt f a trip.
B．It’s abut Hemingway’s life as a yung man.
C．It’s a recrd f a histric event.
D．It’s abut Hemingway’s friends in Paris.
27．What can we infer abut the authr frm the text?
A．He lves petry.
B．He’s an editr.
C．He’s very ambitius.
D．He teaches reading.
20. C【2020·全国新课标II】
When yu were trying t figure ut what t buy fr the envirnmentalist n yur hliday list, fur prbably didn’t crss yur mind. But sme eclgists and fashin (时装)enthusiasts are trying t bring back the market fr fur made frm nutria(海狸鼠).
Unusual fashin shws in New Orleans and Brklyn have(shwcased)nutria fur made int clthes in different styles. “It sunds crazy t talk abut guilt-free fur-unless yu understand that the nutria are destrying vast wetlands every year”, says Cree McCree, prject directr f Righteus Fur.
Scientists in Luisiana were s cncerned that they decided t pay hunters $5 a tail. Sme f the fur ends up in the fashin shws like the ne in Brklyn last mnth.
Nutria were brught there frm Argentina by fur farmers and let g int the wild. “The ecsystem dwn there can’t handle this nn-native species(物种).It’s destrying the envirnment. It’s them r us.” says Michael Massimi, an expert in this field.
The fur trade kept nutria check fr decades，but when the market fr nutria cllapsed in the late 1980s，the cat-sized animals multiplied like crazy.
Bilgist Edmnd Mutn runs the nutria cntrl prgram fr Luisiana. He says it’s nt easy t cnvince peple that nutria fur is green, but he has n dubt abut it. Hunters bring in mre than 300,000 nutria tails a year, s part f Mutn’s jb these days is trying t prmte fur.
Then there’s Righteus Fur and its unusual fashin. Mrgan says，”T give peple a guilt-free ptin that they can wear withut smene thrwing paint n them-1 think that’s ging t be a massive thing, at least here in New Yrk.” Designer Jennifer Andersn admits it tk her a while t cme arund t the pinin that using nutria fur fr her creatins is mrally acceptable. She trying t cme up with a label t attach t nutria fashins t shw it is ec-friendly.318
31．What can we infer abut wearing fur in New Yrk accrding t Mrgan?
A．It’s frmal.B．It’s risky.C．It’s harmful.D．It’s traditinal.
21. B【2020·全国新课标III】
When "Rise f the Planet f the Apes" was first shwn t the public last mnth, a grup f excited animal activists gathered n Hllywd Bulevard. But they weren’t there t thrw red paint n fur-cat-wearing film stars. Instead, ne activist, dressed in a full-bdy mnkey suit, had arrived with a sign praising the filmmakers: "Thanks fr nt using real apes (猿)!"
The creative team behind "Apes" used mtin-capture (动作捕捉) technlgy t create digitalized animals, spending tens f millins f dllars n technlgy that I recrds an actr’s perfrmance and later prcesses it with cmputer graphics t create a final image (图像). In this case, ne f a realistic-lking ape.
Yet "Apes" is mre exceptin than the rule. In fact, Hllywd has been ht n live animals lately. One nnprfit rganizatin, which mnitrs the treatment r animals in filmed entertainment, is keeping tabs n mre than 2,000 prductins this year. Already, a number f films, including "Water fr Elephants," "The Hangver Part Ⅱ" and "Zkeeper," have drawn the anger f activists wh say the creatures acting in them haven’t been treated prperly.
In sme cases, it’s nt s much the treatment f the animals n set in the studi that has activists wrried; it’s the ff-set training and living cnditins that are raising cncerns. And there are questins abut the films made utside the States, which smetimes are nt mnitred as clsely as prductins filmed in the Sates.241
27. What can we infer frm the last paragraph abut animal actrs?
A. They may be badly treated.
B. They shuld take further training.
C. They culd be traded illegally
D. They wuld lse ppularity.
22.B【2022·全国高考乙卷】
In 1916, tw girls f wealthy families, best friends frm Auburn, N. Y.—Drthy Wdruff and Rsamnd Underwd—traveled t a settlement in the Rcky Muntains t teach in a ne-rm schlhuse. The girls had gne t Smith Cllege. They wre expensive clthes. S fr them t mve t Elkhead, Cl. t instruct the children whse shes were held tgether with string was a surprise. Their stay in Elkhead is the subject f Nthing Daunted: The Unexpected Educatin f Tw Sciety Girls in the West by Drthy Wickenden, wh is a magazine editr and Drthy Wdruff’s granddaughter.
Why did they g then? Well, they wanted t d smething useful. Sn, hwever, they realized what they had undertaken.
They mved in with a lcal family, the Harrisns, and, like them, had little privacy, rare baths, and a blanket f snw n their quilt when they wke up in the mrning. Sme mrnings, Rsamnd and Drthy wuld arrive at the schlhuse t find the children weeping frm the cld. In spring, the snw was replaced by mud ver ice.
In Wickenden’s bk, she expanded n the histry f the West and als n feminism, which f curse influenced the girls’ decisin t g t Elkhead. A hair-raising sectin cncerns the building f the railrads, which entailed (牵涉) drilling thrugh the Rckies, ften in blinding snwstrms. The bk ends with Rsamnd and Drthy’s return t Auburn.
Wickenden is a very gd stryteller. The sweep f the land and the sticism (坚忍) f the peple mve her t sme beautiful writing. Here is a picture f Drthy Wdruff, n her hrse, lking dwn frm a hill tp: “When the sun slipped behind the muntains, it shed a rsy glw all arund them. Then a full mn rse. The snw was marked nly by small animals: fxes, cytes, mice, and varying hares, which turned white in the winter.”
7. What is the text?
A. A news reprt.B. A bk review.C. A children’s stry.D. A diary entry.
23.C【2019·全国I】
As data and identity theft becmes mre and mre cmmn, the market is grwing fr bimetric(生物测量)technlgies—like fingerprint scans—t keep thers ut f private e-spaces. At present, these technlgies are still expensive, thugh.
Researchers frm Gergia Tech say that they have cme up with a lw-cst device(装置)that gets arund this prblem: a smart keybard. This smart keybard precisely measures the cadence(节奏)with which ne types and the pressure fingers apply t each key. The keybard culd ffer a strng layer f security by analyzing things like the frce f a user's typing and the time between key presses. These patterns are unique t each persn. Thus, the keybard can determine peple's identities, and by extensin, whether they shuld be given access t the cmputer it's cnnected t—regardless f whether smene gets the passwrd right.
It als desn't require a new type f technlgy that peple aren't already familiar with. Everybdy uses a keybard and everybdy types differently.
In a study describing the technlgy, the researchers had 100 vlunteers type the wrd “tuch”fur times using the smart keybard. Data cllected frm the device culd be used t recgnize different participants based n hw they typed, with very lw errr rates. The researchers say that the keybard shuld be pretty straightfrward t cmmercialize and is mstly made f inexpensive, plastic-like parts. The team hpes t make it t market in the near future.
31. Where is this text mst likely frm?
A. A diary.B. A guidebkC. A nvel.D. A magazine.
24.B【2022·全国高考乙卷】
In 1916, tw girls f wealthy families, best friends frm Auburn, N. Y.—Drthy Wdruff and Rsamnd Underwd—traveled t a settlement in the Rcky Muntains t teach in a ne-rm schlhuse. The girls had gne t Smith Cllege. They wre expensive clthes. S fr them t mve t Elkhead, Cl. t instruct the children whse shes were held tgether with string was a surprise. Their stay in Elkhead is the subject f Nthing Daunted: The Unexpected Educatin f Tw Sciety Girls in the West by Drthy Wickenden, wh is a magazine editr and Drthy Wdruff’s granddaughter.
Why did they g then? Well, they wanted t d smething useful. Sn, hwever, they realized what they had undertaken.
They mved in with a lcal family, the Harrisns, and, like them, had little privacy, rare baths, and a blanket f snw n their quilt when they wke up in the mrning. Sme mrnings, Rsamnd and Drthy wuld arrive at the schlhuse t find the children weeping frm the cld. In spring, the snw was replaced by mud ver ice.
In Wickenden’s bk, she expanded n the histry f the West and als n feminism, which f curse influenced the girls’ decisin t g t Elkhead. A hair-raising sectin cncerns the building f the railrads, which entailed (牵涉) drilling thrugh the Rckies, ften in blinding snwstrms. The bk ends with Rsamnd and Drthy’s return t Auburn.
Wickenden is a very gd stryteller. The sweep f the land and the sticism (坚忍) f the peple mve her t sme beautiful writing. Here is a picture f Drthy Wdruff, n her hrse, lking dwn frm a hill tp: “When the sun slipped behind the muntains, it shed a rsy glw all arund them. Then a full mn rse. The snw was marked nly by small animals: fxes, cytes, mice, and varying hares, which turned white in the winter.”
4. Why did Drthy and Rsamnd g t the Rcky Muntains?
A. T teach in a schl.B. T study American histry.
C. T write a bk.D. T d sightseeing.
5. What can we learn abut the girls frm paragraph 3?
A. They enjyed much respect.B. They had a rm with a bathtub.
C. They lived with the lcal kids.D. They suffered severe hardships.
6. Which part f Wickenden’s writing is hair-raising?
A. The extreme climate f Auburn.B. The living cnditins in Elkhead.
C. The railrad building in the Rckies.D. The natural beauty f the West.
7. What is the text?
A. A news reprt.B. A bk review.C. A children’s stry.D. A diary entry.
25.A【2021·英语全国甲卷】
A Take a view, the Landscape（风景）Phtgrapher f the Year Award, was the idea f Charlie Waite, ne f tday's mst respected landscape phtgraphers.Each year, the high standard f entries has shwn that the Awards are the perfect platfrm t shwcase the very best phtgraphy f the British landscape.Take a view is a desirable annual cmpetitin fr phtgraphers frm all cmers f the UK and beynd.
3．Where can the text be fund?
A．In a histry bk.B．In a nvel.C．In an art magazine.D．In a bigraphy.
26.【2022年1月普通高等学校招生全国统一考试（浙江卷）】
The United States rse t glbal pwer n the strength f its technlgy, and the lifebld that technlgy has lng been electricity. By prviding lng-distance cmmunicatin and energy, electricity created the mdem wrld. Yet prperly understd, the age f electricity is merely the secnd stage in the age f steam, which began a century earlier.
"It is curius that n ne has put tgether a histry f bth the steam and electric revlutins." writes Maury Klein in his bk The Pwer Makers, Steam, Electricity, and the Men Invented Mdem America. Klein, a nted histrian f technlgy, spins a narrative s lively that at times it reads like a nvel.
The stry begins in the last years f the 18th century in Sctland, where Watt perfected "the machine that changed the wrld". Klein writes, "America did nt invent the steam engine, but nce they grasped its passwrds they put it t mre uses than anyne else. "
Meanwhile, ver the curse f 19th century, electricity went frm mere curisity t a basic necessity. Mrse invented a cde fr sending messages ver an electrmagnetic circuit. Bell then gave the telegraph a vice. Edisn perfected an incandescent bulls that brught electric light int the American hme.
Mst imprtantly, Edisn realized that success depended n mass electrificatin, which he shwed in New Yrk City. With help frm Tesla, Westinghuse's firm develped a system using alternating current, which sn became the majr frms f pwer delivery.
T frame his stry, Klein creates the character f Ned, a fictinal witness t the prgress brught abut by the steams and electric revlutins in America during ne man's lifetime. It's a technique that helps turn a lng narrative int an interesting ne.
4．What is Klein's understanding f the age f electricity?
A．It is clsely linked t the steam age.
B．It began earlier than prper thught.
C．It is a little-studied perid f histry.
D．It will cme t an end sner r later.
5．What can be inferred abut Ned?
A．He was brn in New Yrk City.B．He wrte many increasing stries,
C．He created an electricity cmpany.D．He lived mainly in the 19th century.
6．What is the text?
A．A bigraphy.B．A bk review.C．A shrt stry.D．A science reprt.
27.C【2019·全国I】
As data and identity theft becmes mre and mre cmmn, the market is grwing fr bimetric(生物测量)technlgies—like fingerprint scans—t keep thers ut f private e-spaces. At present, these technlgies are still expensive, thugh.
Researchers frm Gergia Tech say that they have cme up with a lw-cst device(装置)that gets arund this prblem: a smart keybard. This smart keybard precisely measures the cadence(节奏)with which ne types and the pressure fingers apply t each key. The keybard culd ffer a strng layer f security by analyzing things like the frce f a user's typing and the time between key presses. These patterns are unique t each persn. Thus, the keybard can determine peple's identities, and by extensin, whether they shuld be given access t the cmputer it's cnnected t—regardless f whether smene gets the passwrd right.
It als desn't require a new type f technlgy that peple aren't already familiar with. Everybdy uses a keybard and everybdy types differently.
In a study describing the technlgy, the researchers had 100 vlunteers type the wrd “tuch”fur times using the smart keybard. Data cllected frm the device culd be used t recgnize different participants based n hw they typed, with very lw errr rates. The researchers say that the keybard shuld be pretty straightfrward t cmmercialize and is mstly made f inexpensive, plastic-like parts. The team hpes t make it t market in the near future.
31. Where is this text mst likely frm?
A. A diary.B. A guidebkC. A nvel.D. A magazine.
28.（2018﹒新课标全国卷Ⅱ，B）
Many f us lve July because it’s the mnth when nature’s berries and stne fruits are in abundance. These clurful and sweet jewels frm British Clumbia’s fields are little pwerhuses f nutritinal prtectin.
Of the cmmn berries, strawberries are highest in vitamin C, althugh, because f their seeds, raspberries cntain a little mre prtein (蛋白质), irn and zinc (nt that fruits have much prtein). Blueberries are particularly high in antixidants (抗氧化物质). The yellw and range stne fruits such as peaches are high in the cartenids we turn int vitamin A and which are antixidants. As fr cherries (樱桃), they are s delicius wh cares? Hwever, they are rich in vitamin C.
When cmbined with berries f slices f ther fruits, frzen bananas make an excellent base fr thick, cling fruit shakes and lw fat “ice cream”. Fr this purpse, select ripe bananas fr freezing as they are much sweeter. Remve the skin and place them in plastic bags r cntainers and freeze. If yu like, a squeeze f fresh lemn juice n the bananas will prevent them turning brwn. Frzen bananas will last several weeks, depending n their ripeness and the temperature f the freezer.
If yu have a juicer, yu can simply feed in frzen bananas and sme berries r sliced fruit. Out cmes a “sft-serve” creamy dessert, t be eaten right away. This makes a fun activity fr a children’s party; they lve feeding the fruit and frzen bananas int the tp f the machine and watching the ice cream cme ut belw.
27. Frm which is the text prbably taken?
A. A bilgy textbk. B. A health magazine.
C. A research paper. D. A travel brchure.
29.[2023·新高考全国Ⅱ卷]
D
As cities balln with grwth, access t nature fr peple living in urban areas is becming harder t find. If yu’re lucky, there might be a pcket park near where yu live, but it’s unusual t find places in a city that are relatively wild.
Past research has fund health and wellness benefits f nature fr humans, but a new study shws that wildness in urban areas is extremely imprtant fr human well-being.
The research team fcused n a large urban park. They surveyed several hundred park-gers, asking them t submit a written summary nline f a meaningful interactin they had with nature in the park. The researchers then examined these submissins, cding (编码) experiences int different categries. Fr example, ne participant’s experience f “We sat and listened t the waves at the beach fr a while” was assigned the categries “sitting at beach” and “listening t waves”.
Acrss the 320 submissins, a pattern f categries the researchers call a“nature language” began t emerge. After the cding f all submissins, half a dzen categries were nted mst ften as imprtant t visitrs. These include encuntering wildlife, walking alng the edge f water, and fllwing an established trail.
Naming each nature experience creates a usable language, which helps peple recgnize and take part in the activities that are mst satisfying and meaningful t them. Fr example, the experience f walking alng the edge f water might be satisfying fr a yung prfessinal n a weekend hike in the park. Back dwntwn during a wrkday, they can enjy a mre dmestic frm f this interactin by walking alng a funtain n their lunch break.
“We’re trying t generate a language that helps bring the human-nature interactins back int ur daily lives. And fr that t happen, we als need t prtect nature s that we can interact with it,” said Peter Kahn, a senir authr f the study.
( )32.What phenmenn des the authr describe at the beginning f the text?
A.Pcket parks are nw ppular.
B.Wild nature is hard t find in cities.
C.Many cities are verppulated.
D.Peple enjy living clse t nature.
30.[2023·全国乙卷]
C
What cmes int yur mind when yu think f British fd? Prbably fish and chips, r a Sunday dinner f meat and tw vegetables. But is British fd really s uninteresting? Even thugh Britain has a reputatin fr less-than-impressive cuisine, it is prducing mre tp class chefs wh appear frequently n ur televisin screens and whse recipe bks frequently tp the best seller lists.
It’s thanks t these TV chefs rather than any advertising campaign that Britns are turning away frm meat-and-tw-veg and ready-made meals and becming mre adventurus in their cking habits. It is recently reprted that the number f thse sticking t a traditinal diet is slwly declining and arund half f Britain’s cnsumers wuld like t change r imprve their cking in sme way. There has been a rise in the number f students applying fr fd curses at UK universities and clleges. It seems that TV prgrammes have helped change what peple think abut cking.
Accrding t a new study frm market analysts, 1 in 5 Britns say that watching ckery prgrammes n TV has encuraged them t try different fd. Almst ne third say they nw use a wider variety f ingredients(配料) than they used t, and just under 1 in 4 say they nw buy better quality ingredients than befre. One in fur adults say that TV chefs have made them much mre cnfident abut expanding their ckery knwledge and skills, and yung peple are als getting mre interested in cking. The UK’s bsessin(痴迷) with fd is reflected thrugh televisin scheduling. Ckery shws and dcumentaries abut fd are bradcast mre ften than befre. With an increasing number f male chefs n TV, it?s n lnger “uncl” fr bys t like cking.
( )28.What d peple usually think f British fd?
A.It is simple and plain.
B.It is rich in nutritin.
C.It lacks authentic tastes.
D.It deserves a high reputatin.
( )29.Which best describes ckery prgrammes n British TV?
A.Authritative.
B.Creative.
C.Prfitable.
D.Influential.
31.（2022·新高考全国II）We jurnalists live in a new age f strytelling, with many new multimedia tls. Many yung peple dn’t even realize it’s new. Fr them, it’s just nrmal.
This hit hme fr me as I was sitting with my 2-year-ld grandsn n a sfa ver the Spring Festival hliday. I had brught a children’s bk t read. It had simple wrds and clrful pictures — a perfect match fr his age.
Picture this: my grandsn sitting n my lap as I hld the bk in frnt s he can see the pictures. As I read, he reaches ut and pkes (戳) the page with his finger.
What’s up with that? He just likes the pictures, I thught. Then I turned the page and cntinued. He pked the page even harder. I nearly drpped the bk. I was cnfused: Is there smething wrng with this kid?
Then I realized what was happening. He was actually a stranger t bks. His father frequently amused the by with a tablet cmputer which was laded with clrful pictures that cme alive when yu pke them. He thught my strybk was like that.
Srry, kid. This bk is nt part f yur high-tech wrld. It’s an utdated, lifeless thing. An antique, like yur grandfather. Well, I may be ld, but I’m nt hpelessly challenged, digitally speaking. I edit vide and prduce audi. I use mbile payment. I’ve even built websites.
There’s ne ntable gap in my new-media experience, hwever: I’ve spent little time in frnt f a camera, since I have a face made fr radi. But that didn’t stp China Daily frm asking me last week t share a persnal stry fr a vide prject abut the integratin f Beijing, Tianjin and Hebei prvince.
Anyway, grandpa is nw an internet star — tw minutes f fame! I prmise nt t let it g t my head. But I will make sure my 2-year-ld grandsn sees it n his tablet.
1. What d the underlined wrds “hit hme fr me” mean in paragraph 2?
A. Prvided shelter fr me.B. Became very clear t me.
C. Tk the pressure ff me.D. Wrked quite well n me.
2. Why did the kid pke the strybk?
A. He tk it fr a tablet cmputer.B. He disliked the clrful pictures.
C. He was angry with his grandpa.D. He wanted t read it by himself.
3. What des the authr think f himself?
A. Scially ambitius.B. Physically attractive.
C. Financially independent.D. Digitally cmpetent.
4. What can we learn abut the authr as a jurnalist?
A. He lacks experience in his jb.B. He seldm appears n televisin.
C. He manages a vide department.D. He ften interviews internet stars.
32.2021年新高考I卷之D篇
Ppularizatin has in sme cases changed the riginal meaning f emtinal (情感的) intellingence. Many peple nw misunderstand emtinal intelligence as almst everything desirable in a persn's makeup that cannt be measured by an IQ test, such as character, mtivatin, cnfidence, mental stability, ptimism and “peple skills.” Research has shwn that emtinal skills may cntribute t sme f these qualities, but mst f them mve far beynd skill-based emtinal intelligence.
We prefer t describe emtinal intelligence as a specific set f skills that can be used fr either gd r bad purpses. The ability t accurately understand hw thers are feeling may be used by a dctr t find hw best t help her patients, while a cheater might use it t cntrl ptential victims. Being emtinally intelligent des nt necessarily make ne a mral persn.
Althugh ppular beliefs regarding emtinal intelligence run far ahead f what research can reasnably supprt, the verall effects f the publicity have been mre beneficial than harmful. The mst psitive aspect f this ppularizatin is a new and much needed emphasis (重视) n emtin by emplyers, educatrs and thers interested in prmting scial well-being. The ppularizatin f emtinal intelligence has helped bth the public and researchers re-evaluate the functinality f emtins and hw they serve peple adaptively in everyday life.
Althugh the cntinuing ppular appeal f emtinal intelligence is desirable, we hpe that such attentin will excite a greater interest in the scientific and schlarly study f emtin. It is ur hpe that in cming decades, advances in science will ffer new perspectives (视角) frm which t study hw peple manage their lives. Emtinal intelligence, with its fcus n bth head and heart, may serve t pint us in the right directin.
34. What is the authr’s attitude t the ppularizatin f emtinal intelligence?
A. Favrable.B. Intlerant.
C. Dubtful.D. Unclear.
33.【2020·全国I】
Race walking shares many fitness benefits with running, research shws, while mst likely cntributing t fewer injuries. It des, hwever, have its wn prblem.
Race walkers are cnditined athletes. The lngest track and field event at the Summer Olympics is the 50-kilmeter race walk, which is abut five miles lnger than the marathn. But the sprt’s rules require that a race walker’s knees stay straight thrugh mst f the leg swing and ne ft remain in cntact (接触) with the grund at all times. It’s this strange frm that makes race walking such an attractive activity, hwever, says Jaclyn Nrberg, an assistant prfessr f exercise science at Salem State University in Salem, Mass.
Like running, race walking is physically demanding, she says, Accrding t mst calculatins, race walkers mving at a pace f six miles per hur wuld burn abut 800 calries(卡路里) per hur, which is apprximately twice as many as they wuld burn walking, althugh fewer than running, which wuld prbably burn abut 1,000 r mre calries per hur.
Hwever, race walking des nt pund the bdy as much as running des, Dr. Nrberg says. Accrding t her research, runners hit the grund with as much as fur times their bdy weight per step, while race walkers, wh d nt leave the grund, create nly abut 1.4 times their bdy weight with each step.
As a result, she says, sme f the injuries assciated with running, such as runner’s knee, are uncmmn amng race walkers. But the sprt’s strange frm des place cnsiderable stress n the ankles and hips, s peple with a histry f such injuries might want t be cautius in adpting the sprt. In fact, anyne wishing t try race walking shuld prbably first cnsult a cach r experienced racer t learn prper technique, she says. It takes sme practice.306
Which wrd best describes the authr’s attitude t race walking?
A．Skeptical.B．Objective.
C．Tlerant.D．Cnservative.
34.2021年新高考I卷之D篇
Ppularizatin has in sme cases changed the riginal meaning f emtinal (情感的) intellingence. Many peple nw misunderstand emtinal intelligence as almst everything desirable in a persn's makeup that cannt be measured by an IQ test, such as character, mtivatin, cnfidence, mental stability, ptimism and “peple skills.” Research has shwn that emtinal skills may cntribute t sme f these qualities, but mst f them mve far beynd skill-based emtinal intelligence.
We prefer t describe emtinal intelligence as a specific set f skills that can be used fr either gd r bad purpses. The ability t accurately understand hw thers are feeling may be used by a dctr t find hw best t help her patients, while a cheater might use it t cntrl ptential victims. Being emtinally intelligent des nt necessarily make ne a mral persn.
Althugh ppular beliefs regarding emtinal intelligence run far ahead f what research can reasnably supprt, the verall effects f the publicity have been mre beneficial than harmful. The mst psitive aspect f this ppularizatin is a new and much needed emphasis (重视) n emtin by emplyers, educatrs and thers interested in prmting scial well-being. The ppularizatin f emtinal intelligence has helped bth the public and researchers re-evaluate the functinality f emtins and hw they serve peple adaptively in everyday life.
Althugh the cntinuing ppular appeal f emtinal intelligence is desirable, we hpe that such attentin will excite a greater interest in the scientific and schlarly study f emtin. It is ur hpe that in cming decades, advances in science will ffer new perspectives (视角) frm which t study hw peple manage their lives. Emtinal intelligence, with its fcus n bth head and heart, may serve t pint us in the right directin.
32. What is a cmmn misunderstanding f emtinal intelligence?
A. It can be measured by an IQ test.B. It helps t exercise a persn’s mind.
C. It includes a set f emtinal skills.D. It refers t a persn’s psitive qualities.
33. Why des the authr mentin “dctr” and “cheater” in paragraph 2?
A. T explain a rule.B. T clarify a cncept.
C. T present a fact.D. T make a predictin.
34. What is the authr’s attitude t the ppularizatin f emtinal intelligence?
A. Favrable.B. Intlerant.
C. Dubtful.D. Unclear.
35. What des the last paragraph mainly talk abut cncerning emtinal intelligence?
A. Its appeal t the public.B. Expectatins fr future studies.
C. Its practical applicatin.D. Scientists with new perspectives.
35.2020年新课标Ⅰ卷之C篇
Race walking shares many fitness benefits with running, research shws, while mst likely cntributing t fewer injuries. It des, hwever, have its wn prblem.
Race walkers are cnditined athletes. The lngest track and field event at the Summer Olympics is the 50-kilmeter race walk, which is abut five miles lnger than the marathn. But the sprt’s rules require that a race walker’s knees stay straight thrugh mst f the leg swing and ne ft remain in cntact (接触) with the grund at all times. It’s this strange frm that makes race walking such an attractive activity, hwever, says Jaclyn Nrberg, an assistant prfessr f exercise science at Salem State University in Salem, Mass.
Like running, race walking is physically demanding, she says, Accrding t mst calculatins, race walkers mving at a pace f six miles per hur wuld burn abut 800 calries(卡路里) per hur, which is apprximately twice as many as they wuld burn walking, althugh fewer than running, which wuld prbably burn abut 1,000 r mre calries per hur.
Hwever, race walking des nt pund the bdy as much as running des, Dr. Nrberg says. Accrding t her research, runners hit the grund with as much as fur times their bdy weight per step, while race walkers, wh d nt leave the grund, create nly abut 1.4 times their bdy weight with each step.
As a result, she says, sme f the injuries assciated with running, such as runner’s knee, are uncmmn amng race walkers. But the sprt’s strange frm des place cnsiderable stress n the ankles and hips, s peple with a histry f such injuries might want t be cautius in adpting the sprt. In fact, anyne wishing t try race walking shuld prbably first cnsult a cach r experienced racer t learn prper technique, she says. It takes sme practice.
28. Why are race walkers cnditined athletes?
A. They must run lng distances.
B. They are qualified fr the marathn.
C. They have t fllw special rules.
D. They are gd at swinging their legs.
29. What advantage des race walking have ver running?
A. It’s mre ppular at the Olympics.
B. It’s less challenging physically.
C. It’s mre effective in bdy building.
D. It’s less likely t cause knee injuries.
30. What is Dr. Nrberg’s suggestin fr smene trying race walking?
A. Getting experts’ pinins.
B. Having a medical checkup.
C. Hiring an experienced cach.
D. Ding regular exercises.
31. Which wrd best describes the authr’s attitude t race walking?
A. Skeptical.B. Objective.
C. Tlerant.D. Cnservative.
36.【2023年1月·浙江卷】C
A machine can nw nt nly beat yu at chess, it can als utperfrm yu in debate. Last week, in a public debate in San Francisc, a sftware prgram called Prject Debater beat its human ppnents, including Na Ovadia, Israel’s frmer natinal debating champin.
Brilliant thugh it is, Prject Debater has sme weaknesses. It takes sentences frm its library f dcuments and prebuilt arguments and strings them tgether. This can lead t the kinds f errrs n human wuld make. Such wrinkles will n dubt be irned ut, yet they als pint t a fundamental prblem. As Kristian Hammnd, prfessr f electrical engineering and cmputer science at Nrthwestern University, put it: “There’s never a stage at which the system knws what it’s talking abut.”
What Hammnd is referring t is the questin f meaning, and meaning is central t what distinguishes the least intelligent f humans frm the mst intelligent f machines. A cmputer wrks with symbls. Its prgram specifies a set f rules t transfrm ne string f symbls int anther. But it des nt specify what thse symbls mean. Indeed, t a cmputer, meaning is irrelevant. Humans, in thinking, talking, reading and writing, als wrk with symbls. But fr humans, meaning is everything. When we cmmunicate, we cmmunicate meaning. What matters is nt just the utside f a string f symbls, but the inside t, nt just hw they are arranged but what they mean.
Meaning emerges thrugh a prcess f scial interactin, nt f cmputatin, interactin that shapes the cntent f the symbls in ur heads. The rules that assign meaning lie nt just inside ur heads, but als utside, in sciety, in scial memry, scial cnventins and scial relatins. It is this that distinguishes humans frm machines. And that’s why, hwever astnishing Prject Debater may seem, the traditin that began with Scrates and Cnfucius will nt end with artificial intelligence.
28．Why des the authr mentin Na Ovadia in the first paragraph?
A．T explain the use f a sftware prgram.
B．T shw the cleverness f Prject Debater.
C．T intrduce the designer f Prject Debater.
D．T emphasize the fairness f the cmpetitin.
37.【2023年1月·浙江卷】D
Accrding t the Slar Energy Industry Assciatin, the number f slar panels installed(安装)has grwn rapidly in the past decade, and it has t grw even faster t meet climate gals. But all f that grwth will take up a lt f space, and thugh mre and mre peple accept the cncept f slar energy, few like large slar panels t be installed near them.
Slar develpers want t put up panels as quickly and cheaply as pssible, s they haven’t given much thught t what they put under them. Often, they’ll end up filling the area with small stnes and using chemicals t cntrl weeds. The result is that many cmmunities, especially in farming regins, see slar farms as destryers f the sil.
“Slar prjects need t be gd neighbrs,” says Jrdan Macknick, the head f the Innvative Site Preparatin and Impact Reductins n the Envirnment(InSPIRE)prject. “They need t be prtectrs f the land and cntribute t the agricultural ecnmy.” InSPIRE is investigating practical appraches t “lw-impact” slar develpment, which fcuses n establishing and perating slar farms in a way that is kinder t the land. One f the easiest lw-impact slar strategies is prviding habitat fr pllinatrs(传粉昆虫).
Habitat lss, pesticide use, and climate change have caused dramatic declines in pllinatr ppulatins ver the past cuple f decades, which has damaged the U.S. agricultural ecnmy. Over 28 states have passed laws related t pllinatr habitat prtectin and pesticide use. Cnservatin rganizatins put ut pllinatr-friendliness guidelines fr hme gardens, businesses, schls, cities—and nw there are guidelines fr slar farms.
Over the past few years, many slar farm develpers have transfrmed the space under their slar panels int a shelter fr varius kinds f pllinatrs, resulting in sil imprvement and carbn reductin. “These pllinatr-friendly slar farms can have a valuable impact n everything that’s ging n in the landscape,” says Macknick.
34．What is the purpse f the laws mentined in paragraph 4?
A．T cnserve pllinatrs.B．T restrict slar develpment.
C．T diversify the ecnmy.D．T ensure the supply f energy.
38.[2023·新高考全国Ⅰ卷]
C
The gal f this bk is t make the case fr digital minimalism, including a detailed explratin f what it asks and why it wrks, and then t teach yu hw t adpt this philsphy if yu decide it’s right fr yu.
T d s, I divided the bk int tw parts. In part ne, I describe the philsphical fundatins f digital minimalism, starting with an examinatin f the frces that are making s many peple’s digital lives increasingly intlerable,befre mving n t a detailed discussin f the digital minimalism philsphy.
Part ne cncludes by intrducing my suggested methd fr adpting this philsphy: the digital declutter. This prcess requires yu t step away frm ptinal nline activities fr thirty days. At the end f the thirty days, yu will then add back a small number f carefully chsen nline activities that yu believe will prvide massive benefits t the things yu value.
In the final chapter f part ne, I’ll guide yu thrugh carrying ut yur wn digital declutter. In ding s, I’ll draw n an experiment I ran in 2018 in which ver 1,600 peple agreed t perfrm a digital declutter. Yu’ll hear these participants’ stries and learn what strategies wrked well fr them, and what traps they encuntered that yu shuld avid.
The secnd part f this bk takes a clser lk at sme ideas that will help yu cultivate(培养) a sustainable digital minimalism lifestyle. In these chapters, I examine issues such as the imprtance f slitude(独处) and the necessity f cultivating high-quality leisure t replace the time mst nw spend n mindless device use. Each chapter cncludes with a cllectin f practices, which are designed t help yu act n the big ideas f the chapter. Yu can view these practices as a tlbx meant t aid yur effrts t build a minimalist lifestyle that wrks fr yur particular circumstances.
( )28.What is the bk aimed at?
A.Teaching critical thinking skills.
B.Advcating a simple digital lifestyle.
C.Slving philsphical prblems.
D.Prmting the use f a digital device.
39.[2023·全国甲卷]
C
I was abut 13 when an uncle gave me a cpy f Jstein Gaarder’s Sphie’s Wrld. It was full f ideas that were new t me, s I spent the summer with my head in and ut f that bk. It spke t me and brught me int a wrld f philsphy(哲学).
That lve fr philsphy lasted until I gt t cllege. Nthing kills the lve fr philsphy faster than peple wh think they understand Fucault, Baudrillard, r Cnfucius better than yu—and then try t explain them.
Eric Weiner’s The Scrates Express: In Search f Life Lessns frm Dead Philsphers reawakened my lve fr philsphy. It is nt an explanatin, but an invitatin t think and experience philsphy.
Weiner starts each chapter with a scene n a train ride between cities and then frames each philspher?s wrk in the cntext(背景) f ne thing they can help us d better. The end result is a read in which we learn t wnder like Scrates, see like Threau, listen like Schpenhauer, and have n regrets like Nietzsche. This, mre than a bk abut understanding philsphy,is a bk abut learning t use philsphy t imprve a life.
He makes philsphical thught an appealing exercise that imprves the quality f ur experiences, and he des s with plenty f humur. Weiner enters int cnversatin with sme f the mst imprtant philsphers in histry, and he becmes part f that crwd in the prcess by decding(解读) their messages and adding his wn interpretatin.
The Scrates Express is a fun, sharp bk that draws readers in with its apparent simplicity and gradually pulls them in deeper thughts n desire, lneliness, and aging. The invitatin is clear: Weiner wants yu t pick up a cffee r tea and sit dwn with this bk. I encurage yu t take his ffer. It?s wrth yur time, even if time is smething we dn’t have a lt f.
( )29.Why des the authr list great philsphers in Paragraph 4?
A.T cmpare Weiner with them.
B.T give examples f great wrks.
C.T praise their writing skills.
D.T help readers understand Weiner?s bk.
40.[2023·全国乙卷]
D
If yu want t tell the histry f the whle wrld, a histry that des nt privilege ne part f humanity, yu cannt d it thrugh texts alne, because nly sme f the wrld has ever had texts, while mst f the wrld, fr mst f the time, has nt. Writing is ne f humanity’s later achievements,and until fairly recently even many literate(有文字的) scieties recrded their cncerns nt nly in writing but in things.
Ideally a histry wuld bring tgether texts and bjects, and sme chapters f this bk are able t d just that, but in many cases we simply can’t. The clearest example f this between literate and nn-literate histry is perhaps the first cnflict, at Btany Bay, between Captain Ck’s vyage and the Australian Abriginals. Frm the English side, we have scientific reprts and the captain’s recrd f that terrible day. Frm the Australian side, we have nly a wden shield(盾) drpped by a man in flight after his first experience f gunsht. If we want t recnstruct what was actually ging n that day, the shield must be questined and interpreted as deeply and strictly as the written reprts.
In additin t the prblem f miscmprehensin frm bth sides, there are victries accidentally r deliberately twisted, especially when nly the victrs knw hw t write. Thse wh are n the lsing side ften have nly their things t tell their stries. The Caribbean Tain, the Australian Abriginals, the African peple f Benin and the Incas, all f whm appear in this bk, can speak t us nw f their past achievements mst pwerfully thrugh the bjects they made:a histry tld thrugh things gives them back a vice. When we cnsider cntact (联系) between literate and nn-literate scieties such as these, all ur first-hand accunts are necessarily twisted, nly ne half f a dialgue. If we are t find the ther half f that cnversatin, we have t read nt just the texts,but the bjects.
( )33.What des the authr indicate by mentining Captain Ck in Paragraph 2?
A.His reprt was scientific.
B.He represented the lcal peple.
C.He ruled ver Btany Bay.
D.His recrd was ne-sided.
41.B【2022·新高考I卷】
Like mst f us, I try t be mindful f fd that ges t waste. The arugula (芝麻菜)was t make a nice green salad, runding ut a rast chicken dinner. But I ended up wrking late. Then friends called with a dinner invitatin. I stuck the chicken in the freezer. But as days passed, the arugula went bad. Even wrse, I had unthinkingly bught way t much; I culd have made six salads with what I threw ut.
In a wrld where nearly 800 millin peple a year g hungry, “fd waste ges against the mral grain,” as Elizabeth Ryte writes in this mnth’s cver stry. It’s jaw-drpping hw much perfectly gd fd is thrwn away — frm “ugly” (but quite eatable) vegetables rejected by grcers t large amunts f uneaten dishes thrwn int restaurant garbage cans.
Prducing fd that n ne eats wastes the water, fuel, and ther resurces used t grw it. That makes fd waste an envirnmental prblem. In fact, Ryte writes, “if fd waste were a cuntry, it wuld be the third largest prducer f greenhuse gases in the wrld.”
If that’s hard t understand, let’s keep it as simple as the arugula at the back f my refrigeratr. Mike Curtin sees my arugula stry all the time — but fr him, it's mre like 12 bnes f dnated strawberries nearing their last days. Curtin is CEO f DC Central Kitchen in Washingtn, D.C., which recvers fd and turns it int healthy meals. Last year it recvered mre than 807,500 punds f fd by taking dnatins and cllecting blemished (有瑕疵的) prduce that therwise wuld have rtted in fields. And the strawberries? Vlunteers will wash, cut, and freeze r dry them fr use in meals dwn the rad.
Such methds seem bvius, yet s ften we just dn’t think. “Everyne can play a part in reducing waste, whether by nt purchasing mre fd than necessary in yur weekly shpping r by asking restaurants t nt include the side dish yu wn’t eat,” Curtin says.
4. What des the authr want t shw by telling the arugula stry?
A. We pay little attentin t fd waste.B. We waste fd unintentinally at times.
C. We waste mre vegetables than meat.D. We have gd reasns fr wasting fd.
42. C【2020·全国新高考I山东卷】
In the mid-1990s, Tm Bissell taught English as a vlunteer in Uzbekistan. He left after seven mnths, physically brken and having lst his mind. A few years later, still attracted t the cuntry, he returned t Uzbekistan t write an article abut the disappearance f the Aral Sea.
His visit, hwever, ended up invlving a lt mre than that. Hence this bk, Chasing the Sea: Lst Amng the Ghsts f Empire in Central Asia, which talks abut a rad trip frm Tashkent t Karakalpakstan, where millins f lives have been destryed by the slw drying up f the sea. It is the stry f an American travelling t a strange land, and f the peple he meets n his way: Rustam, his translatr, a lvely 24-year-ld wh picked up his clrful English in Califrnia, Oleg and Natasha, his hsts in Tashkent, and a string f freign aid wrkers.
This is a quick lk at life in Uzbekistan, made f friendliness and warmth, but als its darker side f sciety. In Samarkand, Mr Bissell admires the architectural wnders, while n his way t Bukhara he gets a taste f plice methds when suspected f drug dealing. In Ferghana, he attends a muntain funeral(葬礼)fllwed by a strange drinking party. And in Karakalpakstan, he is saddened by the dust strms, diseases and fishing bats stuck miles frm the sea.
Mr Bissell skillfully rganizes histrical insights and cultural references, making his tale a well-runded picture f Uzbekistan, seen frm Western eyes. His judgment and references are decidedly American, as well as his delicate stmach. As the authr explains, this is neither a travel nr a histry bk, r even a piece f reprtage. Whatever it is, the result is a fine and vivid descriptin f the purest f Central Asian traditins.
11．What is the purpse f this text?
A．T intrduce a bk.B．T explain a cultural phenmenn.
C．T remember a writer.D．T recmmend a travel destinatin.
43.【2020·全国新课标III】
We are the prducts f evlutin, and nt just evlutin that ccurred billins f years ag. As scientists lk deeper int ur genes (基因), they are finding examples f human evlutin in just the past few thusand years. Peple in Ethipian highlands have adapted t living at high altitudes. Cattle -raising peple in East Africa and nrthern Eurpe have gained a mutatin (突变) that helps them digest milk as adults.
On Thursday in an article published in Cell, a team f researchers reprted a new kind f adaptatin - nt t air r t fd, but t the cean. A grup f sea-dwelling peple in Sutheast Asia have evlved int better divers. The Bajau, as these peple are knwn, number in the hundreds f thusands in Indnesia, Malaysia and the Philippines. They have traditinally lived n husebats; in recent times, they've als built huses n stilts (支柱) in castal waters. “They are simply a stranger t the land," said Redney C. Jubilad, a University f Hawaii researcher wh studies the Bajau.
Dr. Jubilad first met the Bajau while grwing up n Samal Island in the Philippines. They made a living as divers, spearfishing r harvesting shellfish. "We were s amazed that they culd stay underwater much lnger than us lcal islanders," Dr. Jubilad said. “I culd see them actually walking under the sea."
In201, Melissa Ilard, then a graduate student in genetics at the University f Cpenhagen, heard abut the Bajau. She wndered if centuries f diving culd have led t the evlutin f physical characteristics that made the task easier fr them. “it seemed like the perfect chance fr natural selectin t act n a ppulatin," said Dr. Ilard. She als said there were likely a number f ther genes that help the Bajau dive.299
32. What des the authr want t tell us by the examples in paragraph 1?
A. Envirnmental adaptatin f cattle raisers.
B. New knwledge f human evlutin.
C. Recent findings f human rigin.
D. Significance f fd selectin.
44.【四川省宜宾市2021届普2021届高三“一诊”】
On Mnday, abut 270 pilt whales gt int difficulty n a sandbank at Macquarie Heads, near Strahan n Tasmania’s west cast, abut 190 kilmetres frm Hbart. Anther 200 f the animals were fund early n Wednesday, making it Tasmania’s largest recrded stranding event. The Department f Primary Industry, Parks, Water and Envirnment (DPIPWE) said that abut a third had died.
Marine bilgists arrived in the area t carry ut rescue peratins. They planned t use specialized equipment such as special tarpaulins t push the whales back int the deep water. The lcal plice als assisted in the rescue.
The whales that were stranded are Pilt Whales, and they are fund in almst all the ceans f the wrld, accrding t the Marine cnservatin grup. Pilt whales are in fact ne f the largest members f the dlphin family, but they are treated as whales fr the Marine Mammals Prtectin Regulatins issued in 1992.They were named pilt whales because it was thught that each pd fllwed a ‘pilt’ in the grup.
Cetacean stranding, cmmnly knwn as beaching, is a phenmenn in which whales and dlphins strand themselves n land, usually n a beach. Several explanatins fr why cetaceans strand themselves have been prpsed, including changes in water temperatures, unusual features f whales’ ech lcatin in certain surrundings, and gemagnetic disturbances, but nne have s far been universally accepted as a definitive reasn fr the behavir.
In recent years, whale strandings have becme mre frequent arund the wrld. In Nvember 2018, a dead sperm whale that had washed ashre in eastern Indnesia cnsumed a hrrifying cllectin f plastic trash, including 115 drinking cups, 25 plastic bags, plastic bttles, tw flip-flps and a bag cntaining mre than 1,000 pieces f string. In all, the plastic cntents f the whale’s stmach weighed 13.2 pund (six kilgrams). The bags are black due t a reactin with the creature’s stmach acids, accrding t Thai Whales rganizatin. A persn, n average, breathes r swallws at least 74,000 micrscpic particles f plastic each year.
1．Hw many whales died accrding t DPIPWE?
A．Abut 160.B．Abut 200.C．Abut 270.D．Abut 470.
2．What des the underlined wrd “stranding” mean in Paragraph 1?
A．Being put int danger.
B．Being trapped in truble.
C．Being fund in extinctin.
D．Being left r driven ashre.
3．What des the authr want t tell us by the numbers in Paragraph 5?
A．Whales mistake plastics fr fd.
B．Whales need the ability f self-prtectin.
C．Whales’ living cnditins are wrsening.
D．Whales have an excellent digestive system.
4．What will be discussed prbably fllwing the last paragraph?
A．Prtective measures fr whales.
B．The reasns fr whale stranding.
C．Studying whales’ stmach deeply.
D．Researching the ceans’ ecsystem.
45.【2023·广东省华附、省实、广雅、深中四校联考】
One f the mst imprtant changes cities must make t imprve life in them is t separate peple frm their cars. Even when yu have a strng public transprt system in mving peple between ppulatin hubs, the last mile - that sectin between the railway statin and smene’s hme, fr example - can lead t car use if it’s cnsidered t far r t dangerus t walk.
The idea f a lw-traffic neighburhd (LTN) - where cars are banned frm quieter ‘rat runs’ (偏僻小路) t keep them n the majr rutes - has taken ff in parts f the UK. LTNs attempt t filter ut cars frm residential streets using bllards, camera-cntrlled gates r even planters full f flwers placed acrss the rad, while pedestrians, cyclists and emergency vehicles can still pass.
Analysis fr the active transprt charity Sustrans fund that “driving a mile n a minr urban rad is twice as likely t kill r seriusly injure a child pedestrian, and three times mre likely t kill r seriusly injure a child cyclist, cmpared t driving a mile n an urban A-rad,” and that heavy car traffic in residential areas can lead t a rise in scial islatin. LTNs reduce this danger, leading t a three-fld reductin in injuries, and have been shwn t increase the number f visitrs t lcal businesses.
Als ppular are e-scter hire trials, which are taking place in twns and cities including Middlesbrugh, Bristl and Chelmsfrd. The trials see gaggles f electric scters available t be picked up frm street crners. The scters are hired using an app and then, nce they’re finished with, parked elsewhere inside the trial area, where they’re cllected and recharged by the hiring cmpany. A Department f Transprt reprt n e-scter use fund they were “widely perceived t have envirnmental and cnvenience benefits,” but suffered frm cmparisns t children’s tys.
But that’s nt all. The wrld’s first hub fr demnstrating electric air taxis and drnes pened in Cventry earlier this year. The taxis and drnes based at the hub all take ff and land vertically like helicpters and are being used t travel shrt jurneys r deliver carg.
Weaning us ff ur car addictin is ne f the mre difficult barriers standing between us and healthier cities. The first step that needs t be taken will be t tackle the dminance f the car.
1．What can we learn frm Paragraph 1?
A．Peple are cnsidered reliant n cars t travel.
B．Public transprt system still needs imprvement.
C．Pllutin frm cars has an impact n peple’s life quality.
D．Residential areas are usually far away frm the railway statin.
2．What d we knw abut the idea f an LTN?
A．It’s a way t encurage scial interactin and lcal business.
B．It’s a series f measures t reserve the streets t walking residents.
C．It’s a system that emplys high technlgy t keep cars n the main rads.
D．It’s a practice prved effective in keeping children safe frm traffic accidents.
3．What’s the structure f the text?
P=Paragraph
A．B．
C．D．
4．What’s the purpse f the text?
A．T call n readers t cnstruct a healthier city.
B．T prmte the latest develpments in car alternatives.
C．T intrduce pssible ways t get rid f dependence n cars.
D．T infrm citizens f technlgical advances t tackle scial prblems.
Mike Shepherd(2011)
Skiddaw in Winter
Cumbria, England
It was an extremely cld winter's evening and freezing fg hung in the air. I climbed t the tp f a small rise and realised that the mist was little mre than a few feet deep, and thugh it was nly a shrt climb, I fund myself cmpletely abve it and lking at a wnderfully clear view f Skiddaw with the sum setting in the west. I used classical techniques, translated frm my cllege days spent in the darkrm int Phtshp, t achieve the black—and—white image（图像）.
Timthy Smith(2014)
Macclesfield Frest
Cheshire, England
I was back in my hme twn f Macclesfield t take sme winter images. Walking up a path thrugh the frest twards Shutlingsle. a lcal high pint, I came acrss a small clearing and immediately nticed the dead yellw grasses set against the fresh snw. The small pine added t the interest and I placed it centrally t take the view frm the fregrund right thrugh int the frest.