还剩3页未读，
继续阅读
所属成套资源：高考英语语法词汇专项突破（含答案解析）
成套系列资料，整套一键下载
高考英语语法词汇专项突破：03重点语法易错易混点解析(表语从句、主语从句、倒装、强调和构词法)
展开
这是一份高考英语语法词汇专项突破：03重点语法易错易混点解析(表语从句、主语从句、倒装、强调和构词法)，共6页。
本文重点总结表语从句、主语从句、倒装结构、强调句型和构词法的易错易混点，并附上相应的巩固练习及其参考答案。
【误用1】It is these pisnus prducts which can cause the symptms f the flu, such as headache and aching muscles.
【指正】which改为that。
强调句型结构是“It + be +被强调部分+that/wh+ 原句剩余部分”，该句型中的that不可以换成which，这一点与引导定语从句的关系代词that不同。
【运用】It was at the railway statin that I met Li Ming yesterday.
【误用2】Yu see, Mr. Barnes, it is since I have lived very much that I can enjy everything s well.
【指正】since改为because。
强调句型可以强调除谓语动词以外绝大部分成分，如主语、宾语、宾语补足语及状语等。但是让步状语、比较状语、since/ as引导的原因状语从句通常不能用此句型强调。
【运用】It was because she asked me abut the pen that I realized I had lst it.
【误用3】It was nt until late in the evening when her husband arrived hme.
【指正】when改为that。
被强调部分出现了表示时间或地点的名词，也不能用when或where代替that，这与定语从句不同。辨别是否是强调句型的方法是：把it be和that去掉, 如果还可以还原成语法和意义都通顺的句子就是强调句型。本题可以还原成：Her husband didn’t arrive hme until late in the evening.
【运用】It was n Octber 1st, 1949 that the Peple’s Republic f China was funded.
【误用4】It has been annunced is that we shall have ur final exams next mnth.
【指正】It改为What或者删掉is。
主语从句应该由连词引导，引导主语从句的what是连接代词，可以在所引导的主语从句中作主语、宾语、表语、定语等成分，引导主语从句的连接代词还有wh，whm, whse, which，whatever，whever 等。it是指示代词，不可以连接句子，本题如果用it，则要删掉is，那么it就是形式主语，真正的主语是后面that引导的主语从句。
【运用】What is clear is that its advantages were immediately apparent t all.
It’s a great pity that they didn't get married.
【误用5】Where will the English evening be held has nt yet been annunced.
【指正】把will置于be之前。
主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句以及同位语从句都是名词性从句，名词性从句谓语动词用陈述语序。
【运用】That is why yu see this wman befre yu knw.
【误用6】The questin is if he shuld have a lw pinin f this research wrk.
【指正】if改为whether。
whether与if 在作“是否”的意思讲时在下列引导主语从句、表语从句情况下一般只能用whether，不用if：①whether引导主语从句在句首时；②引导表语从句；③if与whether都可以与r nt连用，但后面紧跟着r nt时只能用whether。
【运用】The questin is whether he is able t d it alne.
Whether there is life n the mn is an interesting questin.
【误用7】N sner they gt t the plant than they started t wrk.
【指正】they前加上had。
否定副词或否定介词短语置于句首时，句子的谓语动词用部分倒装语序，n sner…than…结构中主句多用过去完成时，从句谓动started是一般过去时，主句应该是过去完成时的倒装形式。类似句型还有Hardly…when…等。
【运用】Hardly had I finished telling the news than she began t cry.
N sner had he arrived hme than he was asked t start n anther jurney.
【误用8】Only when peple vercme their fears they live cnfidently.
【指正】they前加上d/can/will。
当nly置于句首，并且强调状语时，句子的谓语动词用部分倒装，从句vercme是一般现在时，主句应该是一般现在时或一般将来时。如果nly不在句首，或虽在句首但强调的不是状语，也不用倒装。
【运用】Only when agriculture is fully develped can industry have sufficient materials and markets.
Peple will cme t realize the imprtance f family nly when they are ver the hill.
【误用9】Well, here is cming yur test nw. What did yu get?
【指正】is cming 改为cmes。
在here, there开头的倒装结构中，谓语动词用一般过去时或者一般现在时，不用其它时态。如果主语是代词则主谓不倒装。
【运用】Here cmes the leader himself. Have we gt the red carpet ut?
【误用10】The reasn why he was late was because he missed the train by ne minute this mrning.
【指正】because改为 that。
当主语是reasn时，表语从句用that引导而不是because，以避免二者语义重复。但是可以用句型That is because …，句型中从属连词because引导表语从句，意为“这是因为……”；That’s why…，句型中从属连词why引导表语从句，意为“这就是为什么……”。
【运用】He had seen the film befre. That is why he did nt see it last night.
The reasn why I'm late is that I missed the bus.
【误用11】That ccurred t her that she might as well talk it ver with Xia Liu.
【指正】That改为It。
that引导的句子是主语从句，句首应该是it作形式主语，只有it可以作形式主语或形式宾语，句型it ccur t sb. that…意思是“某人突然想起……”。
【运用】It ccurred t him that he still did nt knw her surname r where she lived.
It is a fact that English is being accepted as an internatinal language.
【误用12】But it will be mre than 100 years that the cuntry begins nce again t lk as it did befre.
【指正】that 改为befre。
根据主句的一般将来时，从句用一般现在时，结合句意看出不是强调句型，应该是用befre引导时间状语从句，句意是：100年后这个国家才能恢复到原来的样子。
【运用】It will be 8 years befre we meet again.
It was 8 years ag that we met again.
It was 8:00 when we met again.
It is 8 years since we met.
【误用13】（1）Nt until he went thrugh real hardship _____the lve we have fr ur families is imprtant.
(2) 变式：He didn’t g thrugh real hardship until _____the lve we have fr ur families is imprtant.
A. had he realizedB. did he realize C. he realizedD. he had realized
【参考答案】（1）B (2) C
【考点设置】①考查倒装句；②考查nt until句型；③考查句子的时态一致关系。
【答案解析】题（1）否定副词nt置于句首，因此用部分倒装结构，根据went的提示看出用一般过去时，故选B。题（2）根据nt…until句型的主句谓语动词是一般过去时确定从句谓语动词用一般过去时，由于nt没有在句首，所以用陈述语序，故选C。
【误用14】 (1) A: Yu’ve bught a new English dictinary.
B: _____.
(2)Yu’ve bught a new English dictinary. _____.
A. S have I B. S did I C. S I have D. S I did
【答案】(1) C (2) A
【解析归纳】表示某种情况同样适用于另外的某人或某物用s d sb./sth.，其中的sb/sth.与上句主语不同，d的形式根据上句用一致的系动词、情态动词或助动词，如(2)。若表示对上一句的进一步肯定则用s sb./sth. d，如(1)。表示不适用于另外的某人或某物用neither/nr d sb./sth.。
【误用15】 (1) S fast _______ English that nne f us culd understand him.
(2) T my surprise, ______ English s fast that nne f us culd understand him.
(3) Hardly _______ English with American accent when all f the students std up, cheering ludly.
A. spkeheB. did he speakC. had he spkenD. he spke
【答案】(1) B (2) D (3) C
【解析归纳】 在s/such…that句型中，若s/such…置于句首则主句用部分到状结构，如(1)，否则用陈述语序，如(2)。否定副词或表示否定的短语介词置于句首用部分倒装结构，如(3)，hardly…when…和n sner…than…表示“一…就…”是固定句型，但是hardly或n sner不在句首则不需要倒装。
【误用16】 (1) Nt nly______ ut my shrtcmings, but als he helped me t vercme them.
(2) Only after ______ ut my shrtcmings, did I realize my mistakes.
(3) Only ______ ut my shrtcmings, which made me grateful.
(4) What I want t say is that _______ ut my shrtcmings yesterday, I wuldn’t have made s big a mistake.
A. he pintedB. pint heC. had he pintedD. did he pint
【答案】(1) D (2) A (3) A (4) C
【解析归纳】nt nly…but als…连接句子时，前一分句用部分倒装，后一分句不倒装，如(1)。副词nly强调状语置于句首用部分倒装，如(2)，如果强调的不是状语则不倒装，如(3)。在虚拟语气中，如果if从句有had, were, shuld时，可以把其置于句首，省掉if，用部分倒装结构，如(4)。
【误用17】(1) _____ gd luck in everything and gd frtune in every directin.
(2) _____ sme difficulties first but yu'll find it easier as yu g alng.
(3) _____ a wrd with my brther in yur ffice?
A. Have yu mayB. May yu haveC. May have yuD. Yu may have
【答案】(1)B (2) D (3) B
【解析归纳】一般疑问句和特殊疑问句是部分倒装结构，如(3)。情态动词may可以表示“祝愿”，是虚拟语气的一种，如(1)。may表示推测、许可等不构成疑问句则不倒装，如(2)。
【跟踪练习】根据汉语提示, 用括号内所给单词完成句子。
1. ________ (是做这项工作的能力) that matters nt where yu cme frm r what yu are. (it)
2. Hardly__________ (她坐下) when she heard smene kncking at the dr. (sit)
3. Only when a great deal mre infrmatin has been btained, _______ (才将有可能) t plan a manned trip t Mars.
4. He did nt see the film last night. That is _________(因为他得帮他的妹妹做作业). (help)
5. ________ (我突然想起) I had seen her, r a picture f her, smewhere befre.（ccur）
6. _________ (医生真的怀疑) is ______ (我妈妈是否恢复过来) frm the serius disease sn．(what, whether)
7. __________ (他似乎是个万事通), but in reality, he is as stupid as he can be.(as if)
8. __________ (村里住着一位老人) lng lng ag.（There …）
9. __________ (会议什么时候举行) has been decided yet. （hld）
10. It remains unknwn ___________ (他们何时结婚).
Suggested Answers:
跟踪练习
1. It is the ability t d the jb
2. had she sat dwn
3. will it be pssible
4. because he had t help his little sister with her hmewrk
5. It ccurred t me that
6. What the dctrs really dubt；whether my mther will recver
7. It seems as if he knew everything
8. There lived an ld man in the village
9. When the meeting will be held
10. when they are ging t get married
本文重点总结表语从句、主语从句、倒装结构、强调句型和构词法的易错易混点，并附上相应的巩固练习及其参考答案。
【误用1】It is these pisnus prducts which can cause the symptms f the flu, such as headache and aching muscles.
【指正】which改为that。
强调句型结构是“It + be +被强调部分+that/wh+ 原句剩余部分”，该句型中的that不可以换成which，这一点与引导定语从句的关系代词that不同。
【运用】It was at the railway statin that I met Li Ming yesterday.
【误用2】Yu see, Mr. Barnes, it is since I have lived very much that I can enjy everything s well.
【指正】since改为because。
强调句型可以强调除谓语动词以外绝大部分成分，如主语、宾语、宾语补足语及状语等。但是让步状语、比较状语、since/ as引导的原因状语从句通常不能用此句型强调。
【运用】It was because she asked me abut the pen that I realized I had lst it.
【误用3】It was nt until late in the evening when her husband arrived hme.
【指正】when改为that。
被强调部分出现了表示时间或地点的名词，也不能用when或where代替that，这与定语从句不同。辨别是否是强调句型的方法是：把it be和that去掉, 如果还可以还原成语法和意义都通顺的句子就是强调句型。本题可以还原成：Her husband didn’t arrive hme until late in the evening.
【运用】It was n Octber 1st, 1949 that the Peple’s Republic f China was funded.
【误用4】It has been annunced is that we shall have ur final exams next mnth.
【指正】It改为What或者删掉is。
主语从句应该由连词引导，引导主语从句的what是连接代词，可以在所引导的主语从句中作主语、宾语、表语、定语等成分，引导主语从句的连接代词还有wh，whm, whse, which，whatever，whever 等。it是指示代词，不可以连接句子，本题如果用it，则要删掉is，那么it就是形式主语，真正的主语是后面that引导的主语从句。
【运用】What is clear is that its advantages were immediately apparent t all.
It’s a great pity that they didn't get married.
【误用5】Where will the English evening be held has nt yet been annunced.
【指正】把will置于be之前。
主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句以及同位语从句都是名词性从句，名词性从句谓语动词用陈述语序。
【运用】That is why yu see this wman befre yu knw.
【误用6】The questin is if he shuld have a lw pinin f this research wrk.
【指正】if改为whether。
whether与if 在作“是否”的意思讲时在下列引导主语从句、表语从句情况下一般只能用whether，不用if：①whether引导主语从句在句首时；②引导表语从句；③if与whether都可以与r nt连用，但后面紧跟着r nt时只能用whether。
【运用】The questin is whether he is able t d it alne.
Whether there is life n the mn is an interesting questin.
【误用7】N sner they gt t the plant than they started t wrk.
【指正】they前加上had。
否定副词或否定介词短语置于句首时，句子的谓语动词用部分倒装语序，n sner…than…结构中主句多用过去完成时，从句谓动started是一般过去时，主句应该是过去完成时的倒装形式。类似句型还有Hardly…when…等。
【运用】Hardly had I finished telling the news than she began t cry.
N sner had he arrived hme than he was asked t start n anther jurney.
【误用8】Only when peple vercme their fears they live cnfidently.
【指正】they前加上d/can/will。
当nly置于句首，并且强调状语时，句子的谓语动词用部分倒装，从句vercme是一般现在时，主句应该是一般现在时或一般将来时。如果nly不在句首，或虽在句首但强调的不是状语，也不用倒装。
【运用】Only when agriculture is fully develped can industry have sufficient materials and markets.
Peple will cme t realize the imprtance f family nly when they are ver the hill.
【误用9】Well, here is cming yur test nw. What did yu get?
【指正】is cming 改为cmes。
在here, there开头的倒装结构中，谓语动词用一般过去时或者一般现在时，不用其它时态。如果主语是代词则主谓不倒装。
【运用】Here cmes the leader himself. Have we gt the red carpet ut?
【误用10】The reasn why he was late was because he missed the train by ne minute this mrning.
【指正】because改为 that。
当主语是reasn时，表语从句用that引导而不是because，以避免二者语义重复。但是可以用句型That is because …，句型中从属连词because引导表语从句，意为“这是因为……”；That’s why…，句型中从属连词why引导表语从句，意为“这就是为什么……”。
【运用】He had seen the film befre. That is why he did nt see it last night.
The reasn why I'm late is that I missed the bus.
【误用11】That ccurred t her that she might as well talk it ver with Xia Liu.
【指正】That改为It。
that引导的句子是主语从句，句首应该是it作形式主语，只有it可以作形式主语或形式宾语，句型it ccur t sb. that…意思是“某人突然想起……”。
【运用】It ccurred t him that he still did nt knw her surname r where she lived.
It is a fact that English is being accepted as an internatinal language.
【误用12】But it will be mre than 100 years that the cuntry begins nce again t lk as it did befre.
【指正】that 改为befre。
根据主句的一般将来时，从句用一般现在时，结合句意看出不是强调句型，应该是用befre引导时间状语从句，句意是：100年后这个国家才能恢复到原来的样子。
【运用】It will be 8 years befre we meet again.
It was 8 years ag that we met again.
It was 8:00 when we met again.
It is 8 years since we met.
【误用13】（1）Nt until he went thrugh real hardship _____the lve we have fr ur families is imprtant.
(2) 变式：He didn’t g thrugh real hardship until _____the lve we have fr ur families is imprtant.
A. had he realizedB. did he realize C. he realizedD. he had realized
【参考答案】（1）B (2) C
【考点设置】①考查倒装句；②考查nt until句型；③考查句子的时态一致关系。
【答案解析】题（1）否定副词nt置于句首，因此用部分倒装结构，根据went的提示看出用一般过去时，故选B。题（2）根据nt…until句型的主句谓语动词是一般过去时确定从句谓语动词用一般过去时，由于nt没有在句首，所以用陈述语序，故选C。
【误用14】 (1) A: Yu’ve bught a new English dictinary.
B: _____.
(2)Yu’ve bught a new English dictinary. _____.
A. S have I B. S did I C. S I have D. S I did
【答案】(1) C (2) A
【解析归纳】表示某种情况同样适用于另外的某人或某物用s d sb./sth.，其中的sb/sth.与上句主语不同，d的形式根据上句用一致的系动词、情态动词或助动词，如(2)。若表示对上一句的进一步肯定则用s sb./sth. d，如(1)。表示不适用于另外的某人或某物用neither/nr d sb./sth.。
【误用15】 (1) S fast _______ English that nne f us culd understand him.
(2) T my surprise, ______ English s fast that nne f us culd understand him.
(3) Hardly _______ English with American accent when all f the students std up, cheering ludly.
A. spkeheB. did he speakC. had he spkenD. he spke
【答案】(1) B (2) D (3) C
【解析归纳】 在s/such…that句型中，若s/such…置于句首则主句用部分到状结构，如(1)，否则用陈述语序，如(2)。否定副词或表示否定的短语介词置于句首用部分倒装结构，如(3)，hardly…when…和n sner…than…表示“一…就…”是固定句型，但是hardly或n sner不在句首则不需要倒装。
【误用16】 (1) Nt nly______ ut my shrtcmings, but als he helped me t vercme them.
(2) Only after ______ ut my shrtcmings, did I realize my mistakes.
(3) Only ______ ut my shrtcmings, which made me grateful.
(4) What I want t say is that _______ ut my shrtcmings yesterday, I wuldn’t have made s big a mistake.
A. he pintedB. pint heC. had he pintedD. did he pint
【答案】(1) D (2) A (3) A (4) C
【解析归纳】nt nly…but als…连接句子时，前一分句用部分倒装，后一分句不倒装，如(1)。副词nly强调状语置于句首用部分倒装，如(2)，如果强调的不是状语则不倒装，如(3)。在虚拟语气中，如果if从句有had, were, shuld时，可以把其置于句首，省掉if，用部分倒装结构，如(4)。
【误用17】(1) _____ gd luck in everything and gd frtune in every directin.
(2) _____ sme difficulties first but yu'll find it easier as yu g alng.
(3) _____ a wrd with my brther in yur ffice?
A. Have yu mayB. May yu haveC. May have yuD. Yu may have
【答案】(1)B (2) D (3) B
【解析归纳】一般疑问句和特殊疑问句是部分倒装结构，如(3)。情态动词may可以表示“祝愿”，是虚拟语气的一种，如(1)。may表示推测、许可等不构成疑问句则不倒装，如(2)。
【跟踪练习】根据汉语提示, 用括号内所给单词完成句子。
1. ________ (是做这项工作的能力) that matters nt where yu cme frm r what yu are. (it)
2. Hardly__________ (她坐下) when she heard smene kncking at the dr. (sit)
3. Only when a great deal mre infrmatin has been btained, _______ (才将有可能) t plan a manned trip t Mars.
4. He did nt see the film last night. That is _________(因为他得帮他的妹妹做作业). (help)
5. ________ (我突然想起) I had seen her, r a picture f her, smewhere befre.（ccur）
6. _________ (医生真的怀疑) is ______ (我妈妈是否恢复过来) frm the serius disease sn．(what, whether)
7. __________ (他似乎是个万事通), but in reality, he is as stupid as he can be.(as if)
8. __________ (村里住着一位老人) lng lng ag.（There …）
9. __________ (会议什么时候举行) has been decided yet. （hld）
10. It remains unknwn ___________ (他们何时结婚).
Suggested Answers:
跟踪练习
1. It is the ability t d the jb
2. had she sat dwn
3. will it be pssible
4. because he had t help his little sister with her hmewrk
5. It ccurred t me that
6. What the dctrs really dubt；whether my mther will recver
7. It seems as if he knew everything
8. There lived an ld man in the village
9. When the meeting will be held
10. when they are ging t get married
相关试卷
高考英语语法词汇专项突破：05重点语法易错易混点（状语从句定语从句名词性从句辨析）： 这是一份高考英语语法词汇专项突破：05重点语法易错易混点（状语从句定语从句名词性从句辨析），共14页。
高考英语语法词汇专项突破：04重点语法易错易混点解析(状语从句、省略、短语动词和虚拟语气)： 这是一份高考英语语法词汇专项突破：04重点语法易错易混点解析(状语从句、省略、短语动词和虚拟语气)，共9页。
高考英语语法词汇专项突破：04名词性从句易错易混点解读： 这是一份高考英语语法词汇专项突破：04名词性从句易错易混点解读，共6页。
