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新高考英语三轮冲刺查缺补漏【培优冲刺专练04】阅读理解（2份打包，原卷版+解析版）
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这是一份新高考英语三轮冲刺查缺补漏【培优冲刺专练04】阅读理解（2份打包，原卷版+解析版），文件包含新高考英语三轮冲刺查缺补漏培优冲刺专练04阅读理解原卷版doc、新高考英语三轮冲刺查缺补漏培优冲刺专练04阅读理解解析版doc等2份试卷配套教学资源，其中试卷共44页， 欢迎下载使用。
Mazyck was ne f 12 participants in a Zer G flight, rganized by the grup AstrAccess. This type f flight recreates the weightlessness that astrnauts experience withut ging all the way t space. Flying ver the Pacific Ocean ff Suthern Califrnia, the mdified 747 jet airplane made 15 steep dives and climbs, allwing the flyers multiple perids f weightlessness.
The experience left Mazyck feeling jyful. “The flight was smething that I wuld have never in my wildest dreams thught I wuld’ve experienced,” she says, “especially the flating, the weightlessness.”
Traditinally, strict physical requirements have prevented disabled peple frm becming astrnauts. AstrAccess is wrking t make space accessible t all. “Space remves the barriers between peple; nw is the time t remve the barriers t space itself,” says Mazyck, “It is sending a message t peple wh have histrically been excluded frm STEM that nt nly is there rm fr yu in space, there is a need fr yu.”
During the flight, she says, the participants did experiments and made bservatins. They tk nte f things that peple withut certain disabilities might nt realize are issues. Fr example, peple wh culdn’t grip with their legs needed anther way t hld themselves still while weightless. The grup als experimented with signaling lights fr the deaf and with ways f using braille (盲文) fr the blind.
These types f issues are easy enugh t address. Nw is the time t make space accessible — befre space turism r space settlements becme cmmnplace. “I am s prud and elated abut what’s happening here,” Mazyck adds. “We are paving the way fr the future.”
1．What d we knw abut AstrAccess?
A．It redesigns jet airplanes.B．It ffers weightlessness experience.
C．It prvides physical treatment.D．It trains the disabled t be astrnauts.
2．What is required in the flights fr the participants?
A．Astrnaut experience.B．Steep dives and climbs.
C．Weightlessness perids.D．Trials and bservatins.
3．Which f the fllwing wrds can best describe Mazyck?
A．Generus and determined.B．Caring and persistent.
C．Curageus and ptimistic.D．Ambitius and innvative.
4．Which f the fllwing can be the best title f the passage?
A．Paving the Way fr the FutureB．Disabled Americans Make It t Space
C．Making Space a Place fr EveryneD．US Veterans Experience Zer G Flight
（2024·湖南岳阳·二模）Predicting extreme weather events is a tricky business. Changing climate cnditins have increased the frequency f severe strms, flds, and heatwaves, alng with larger wildfires. As a result, scientists are using artificial intelligence (AI) techniques fr mre accurate frecasts that help t minimize damage and save lives.
Researchers at Pennsylvania State University have wrked tgether with meterlgists (气象学家) t analyze mre than 50,000 weather satellite images t quickly identify strms. They fund cmma-shaped clud frmatins that ften lead t severe weather such as hail, blizzards, high winds, and thunderstrms.
Cmputers were then taught using cmputer visin and machine learning t autmatically detect these cluds frm satellite images, with almst 100 percent accuracy, in less than a minute. By refcusing meterlgists’ attentin n ptential strm clud frmatin the AI tl helped predict 64 percent f severe weather events and beat established detectin systems.
Expensive supercmputers are ften used t prcess vast amunts f data needed fr accurate weather predictin. But pwerful AI methds can run n smaller cmputers. Climate risk and planning cmpany ClimateAI uses a technique t dwnscale glbal weather frecasts t a lcal scale, cutting dwn n csts and cmputing pwer.
It uses a machine learning technique that pits tw neural netwrks against each ther. The neural netwrks - designed t wrk like neurns cnnected in the brain - fight and train each ther using glbal weather data until they get a result.
Using this methd ClimateAI researchers generate highly accurate and inexpensive lcal frecasts fr hurs r days ahead. And because it is nt as cstly, it allws prer cuntries affected by climate change t use frecasts t change the way they farm, build bridges, rads, r hmes, and adapt t extreme weather.
Average csts assciated with extreme weather events in the United States have increased steadily since 1980. These have cstly impacts n cities’ basic services, infrastructure, husing, human livelihds, and health. AI helps us t calculate that risk and can be used as a preventive measure.
5．What can be inferred frm Para.1?
A．Inaccurate frecasts minimize the destructin.
B．AI enhances accuracy in making weather predictin.
C．Less natural disasters are caused by climate change.
D．Changeable climate decreased the frequency f serius strms.
6．Which is NOT an advantage f AI tl?
A．Being steadier.B．Being cheaper.
C．Being quicker.D．Being mre precise.
7．What is the functin f Para.5?
A．T explain hw Climate AI wrks.
B．T intrduce why AI methds are used.
C．T shw where ClimateAI can be applied.
D．T identify what effects f the AI tl has.
8．What is the authr’s attitude twards AI techniques in predicting extreme weather?
A．Critical.B．Apprving.C．Objective.D．Indifferent.
（2024·江苏盐城·模拟预测）Just after hatching, many birds learn t identify and fllw the first mving bject they encunter—a prcess called imprinting, which can ffer prtectin in the wild as it helps them stay near a parent. It desn’t take much visual infrmatin fr a bird t learn t prefer ne bject and fllw it. Researchers wanted t knw whether AI mdels called transfrmers culd d a similar task with limited inputs.
Transfrmers are generic learning systems that can be trained t perfrm a wide variety f tasks, making them useful in bth AI chatbts such as ChatGPT and in cmputer visin applicatins, such as autnmus car navigatin.
“T directly cmpare learning algrithms (计算程序) t brains, we need t train them n the same experiences,” says Samantha Wd at Indiana University Blmingtn. She first raised chicks in a bx where the nly visual stimulatin came frm a rtating 3D bject presented n a screen. After the first week, she ran each chick thrugh hundreds f test trials that shwed that same bject n ne screen－presented frm bth familiar and unfamiliar perspectives－and displayed a secnd unfamiliar bject n anther screen. The chicks spent mre f their time near the first bject, suggesting they had imprinted n it.
The researcher then created a virtual simulatin (仿造物) f the set-up and used a virtual agent t mve thrugh it while lking arund and recrding a first-persn view. That prvided tens f thusands f simulated images fr training and evaluating fur transfrmer mdels.
The AI mdels had just 300 millisecnds t learn frm each simulated image－apprximating (接近于) hw lng bilgical neurns (神经元) fire after being presented with an image. The researcher fund that the AIs culd learn t recgnise a 3D bject as quickly and accurately as the chicks.
The study is “a great piece f wrk” in cmparing machine perfrmance with bilgical brains, says Antne Martinh-Truswell at the University f Sydney. But he als ntes, “We might be able t say that the chick ‘saw’its imprinting bject, but that will have a cmpnent (成分) f experience t it. Particularly as imprinting is t d with identifying its mther, it wuld be unsurprising if that visual experience were cmbined with a suite f ther cmpnents f experience: fear yielding t cmfrt, fr example, as the chick cmes t regard the bject as its imprinted ‘mther’.”
9．Why d newbrn birds engage in imprinting?
A．T enhance their navigatin skills.
B．T develp their scial behaviur.
C．T imprve their cmmunicatin with ther birds.
D．T establish a prtective cnnectin with a guardian.
10．Hw did Samantha Wd cnduct the initial experiment with chicks?
A．She raised them in an envirnment with a rtating visual element.
B．She expsed them t varius visual stimulatins in the wild.
C．She shwed them varius mving bjects n screens.
D．She bserved their behaviur in a natural habitat.
11．What rle did the virtual simulatin play in the research?
A．T imitate the natural behaviur f birds.
B．T assess the effectiveness f virtual agents.
C．T examine the Al mdels’ability t identify a 3D bject.
D．T create a visually diverse envirnment fr the chicks.
12．Accrding t Antne Martinh-Truswell, what pses a challenge in cmparing machine perfrmance with bilgical brains?
A．Rapid learning pace f AI mdels.
B．Recreating real-wrld envirnments fr experiments.
C．The cmplexity and diversity f bilgical experiences.
D．Cnducting additinal experiments with a range f animals.
（2024·陕西安康·三模）During space missins, astrnauts can experience a lss f sme f the inner structural supprt in their bnes. Fr trips in space lasting at least six mnths, that lss is equal t abut 20 years f aging. Luckily, a new study finds a year back n Earth rebuilds half f the strength lst in the affected bne.
Exercise scientist Leigh Gabel was part f a team that tracked 17 astrnauts, each f whm had spent fur t seven mnths in space. The team measured the 3-D structure f bne. They fcused n the structure f the tibia (胫骨) and the lwer-arm bne. The researchers tk images f the bnes 3 times—befre spaceflight and again six mnths and ne year later when the astrnaut s returned hme frm space. Frm these pictures, Gabel’s team calculated an astrnaut’s bne strength and density (密度) at each f thse times.
What did they find thrugh cmparisn f the pictures? Astrnauts in space fr less than six mnths regained their preflight bne strength after a year back n Earth. But thse wh stayed in space lnger suffered permanent hne lss in their tibias. That lss was equal t a decade f aging. The lwer-arm bnes shwed almst n lss. That was likely because these aren’t weight-bearing hnes n Earth, Gabel explains. In fact, thse arms can get a bigger wrkut in space than n Earth as astrnauts use them t mve arund their craft by pushing ff handles and drs.
“Inereasing weight-lifting exercises in space culd help alleviate (缓解) bne lss in the legs,” says Steven Byd, als in exercise scientist.
“With lnger spaceflight, we can expect bigger bne lss—and prbably a bigger prblem with recvery,” says physilgist Laurence Vic. “Space agencies shuld als cnsider ther bne health measures, such as nutritin, t reduce bne lss and increase bne frmatin.”
13．Why did Gabel’s team take pictures at different times?
A．T ffer evidence fr their predictins.
B．T shw their respect fr the astrnauts.
C．T cmpare the changes in the astrnauts’ bnes.
D．T find ut the prper length f staying in space fr astrnauts.
14．Which f the fllwing may Gabel agree with?
A．A spaceflight in less than half a year des n harm t astrnauts.
B．Astrnauts cming back frm a spaceflight lk much lder.
C．Astrnauts can avid bne lss thrugh ding enugh exercise.
D．There is almst n difference in the astrnauts’ lwer-arm bnes.
15．What can we cnclude frm this text?
A．Peple n Earth never suffer bne lss.
B．The finding f the new study is gd news fr astrnauts.
C．The 17 astrnauts knew the bne lss befre their spaceflights.
D．Astrnauts can regain their bne strength as sn as they return t Earth.
16．What des the text mainly talk abut?
A．Hw t prevent bne lss in space.
B．Prblems faced by astrnauts in space.
C．Astrnauts’ suffering frm bne lss in space.
D．Astrnauts’ cntributins t the develpment f science.
Part2人与自我
（2024·浙江·二模）A diet high in prtein is ften prmted as part f a healthy lifestyle, and many diets encurage cnsumers t reduce fats in favr f prtein t lse weight and gain lean muscle.
Fr the study in Nature Metablism, Bettina Mittendrfer and clleagues fund that while increasing the prprtin f prtein in daily calrie intake is beneficial, cnsuming prtein t much nt nly desn’t add t the develpment f lean muscle but can cause unintended negative health effects.
“Cnsumers are being led t believe that they can never get t much prtein in their diet,” says Mittendrfer. “Hwever, ur research shws that specific amin acids (氨基酸), which are the building blcks f prtein, can trigger heart disease thrugh a signaling mechanism at the cellular level in the bld.”
An amin acid fund in animal-prtein fds, such as beef, eggs, and milk, was fund t be respnsible fr signaling activity in cells that typically clear away rubbish in bld vessels. As cnsumptin f dietary prtein increases, s des the cnsumptin f leucine (亮氨酸), the specific amin acid respnsible fr triggering this cellular activity in the bld.
When functining nrmally, these cells wrk t keep bld vessels free frm plaque (血小板) buildup. When their prductin becmes veractive, the resulting accumulatin f spent cells in the vascular system can cause the plaque buildup and blckages they are suppsed t prevent. The resulting hardening f the arteries (动脉) is a leading risk factr fr heart attack and strke.
“Our hpe is t eventually find the Gldilcks apprach fr maximizing the health benefits f dietary prtein, such as building lean muscle, while aviding the health drawbacks frm vercnsumptin.” says Mittendrfer.
The researchers fund that cnsuming mre than 22% f daily calries frm prtein carries mre dwnside risk than dietary benefit. Fr a nrmal adult, 20 t 30 grams f prtein per meal, r 60 t 90 grams f prtein per day is adequate t supprt health.
The study cmbined human trials with experiments in mice and cells.
17．Which f the fllwing is the finding f the research?
A．It is beneficial t take in prtein in daily diets.
B．A diet high in prtein is always cnsidered as a healthy lifestyle.
C．Many cnsumers are in favr f prtein t lse weight and gain muscle.
D．Cnsuming prtein t much desn’t d gd t the lean muscle develpment.
18．Which f the fllwing is mst likely t cause heart attack and strke?
A．The plaque buildup.B．Animal-prtein fds.
C．The hardening f the arteries.D．Overactive cellular activity in the bld.
19．What is the prper way t make gd use f prtein?
A．T take in prper amunt f prtein per meal.
B．T exercise everyday in rder t build lean muscle.
C．T cnsume mre than 22% f daily calries frm prtein.
D．T d mre experiments in mice and cells t prvide evidence.
20．What d we knw abut the study?
A．It is cnducted in a relatively scientific way.
B．It finally finds a prper apprach t keep fit.
C．It is ttally against what peple have believed.
D．It ffers a diet standard fr peple f all ages all ver the wrld.
（2024·辽宁·模拟预测）What is a barrier? It usually refers t an bstacle r a difficulty that prevents yu frm achieving smething. Whether it was in yur past, r yu’ re presently facing ne, yu have t reslve it. While many peple avid barriers, deny their existence r let barriers cntrl themselves, what stand yu take n barriers will define the utcme f whether yu rise frm the challenge, r remain stuck in it. Here are sme mre great things t lve abut barriers.
First f all, barriers give yu mtivatins. Smetimes barriers can reset yur gals. Yu might be faced with setbacks r difficulties, yu’ re frced t re-think, and re-examine yur path. Yu may end up fcusing n smething new and exciting. Or, yu may cncentrate n smething that yu therwise wuldn’t have if nt fr the particular setback. By having t vercme an bstacle, yu’ll be fulfilling a purpse, rather than just ging thrugh the mtins.
Als, barriers prepare yu fr the unexpected. They serve as guides fr where t g next. Even thugh barriers can bring ut many negative emtins in us, such as frustratin, anger, r sadness, it’s imprtant t realize that they dn’t stp yu frm reaching yur intended gals. Instead, they, in a way, give yu time t stp and think if perhaps there is a new and better path t take and what yu can prepare fr what will happen alng the way. Barriers shift yur perspective.
Barriers, mre ften than nt, are unavidable. Life will never stp thrwing yu new barriers. S, the best thing t d is knw hw t better see and apprach these bstacles, and transfrm them int pprtunities fr self-imprvement. The mre yu’re able t see barriers as being an advantage t yur life, the better yu’ll be at managing them.
It will be rewarding t accept barriers, which will make yu cnstantly change and adapt t new situatins, thus allwing yu t grw int a better versin f yurself.
21．What is the determining factr f the utcme when facing barriers?
A．Yur specific gals.B．Yur wn attitude.
C．Yur diverse preparatins.D．Yur strng will pwer.
22．Which f the fllwing is true abut barriers?
A．They bring yu psitive emtins.
B．They prevent yu frm realizing yur gals.
C．They are avidable if yu prepare fr them well.
D．They enable yu t view things in a different way.
23．What des the underlined wrd “apprach” in paragraph 4 mean?
A．T cpe with.B．T g ver.
C．T cme near t sb.D．T speak t sb abut sth.
24．What’s the main idea f the passage?
A．Life is always thrwing us barriers.B．Barriers are duble-edged swrds.
C．Embracing barriers benefits a lt.D．Meeting barriers is actually avidable.
（2024·辽宁·模拟预测）What t taste in Kuala Lumpur 2024
Great restaurants in Kuala Lumpur ffer a genuine glbal dining experience. Whether yu are lking t enjy hearty cmfrt fd r sme lcal delicacies (佳肴), the city’s dining scene satisfies all cmers.
Cantalupe
Situated abut 20 minutes frm dwntwn Malacca, it is a hme-based eatery (餐馆) with abut 10 tables manned by fur peratrs. Unlike mst restaurants, fd is self-service here, with dishes placed n catering pans fr custmers t chse frm. It serves traditinal Malaysian dishes with distinct Chinese influences. Yu will find rice dumplings and chicken rendang amng the fferings. It has tw branches in the city. Their dishes sell ut fast, s it’d be best t head there befre lunch time.
Mum’s Place
Nthing brings mre cmfrt than mm’s cking. With recipes inspired by the wners’ mther, this restaurant brings yu Nynya dishes that are genuinely Malaysian. Lying in the district f Damansara Perdana, Mum’s Place is a neighburhd restaurant with its main custmers frm residents nearby. Sme f the best dishes include cencaru fish; devil curry chicken and beef rendang.
YumYum Restaurant
Situated in the beautiful Shangri-La Htel, Yum Yum Restaurant is amng the lcals’ many favurite spts t dine at. It ffers an interesting Nynya and Thai fd with Chinese influences that make them stand ut. The classic dishes include sambal petai prawns, assam fish head and Yum Yum egg. It can get crwded here, s it’d be best t head there early r call ahead fr reservatins.
Trika Sky Dining
Offering fine dining, the amazing Trika Sky Dining undubtedly stands ut frm the pack. Set n the 23rd flr f Twer B f The Trika, it ges withut saying that the clud-skimming views here are smething else entirely. The fd is what helps it stand ut. It serves award-winning French, Italian, Greek, and Spanish fd and adventurus menu f high-end pizzas and pasta.
25．What’s unique abut Cantalupe？
A．It is a cafeteria.B．It is a htel-based eatery.
C．It has a branch in the city.D．It requires reservatins in advance.
26．Where are the dishes cmbined with Chinese style available?
A．Cantalupe and Mum’s Palace.
B．Cantalupe and YumYum Restaurant.
C．Mum’s Place and Trika Sky Dining.
D．YumYum Restaurant and Trika Sky Dining.
27．What can custmers d while eating in Trika Sky Dining?
A．Help serve fd.B．Win an award.
C．Play adventurus games.D．Enjy breathtaking views.
（2024·江西吉安·一模）Every year ver the Christmas hliday, I declutter and rganize my kids’ rms. I just can’t stand the thught f adding mre clutter (杂物) t their cabinets when they’re already fully packed with all that stuff. It’s n secret that clutter weighs n us mentally, and when it’s nt dealt with, the prblem nly wrsens. All that stuff can make us feel anxius and verwhelmed. And if it’s in ur bedrms, it can even keep us frm sleeping well. Research has shwn that thse with cluttered bedrms have mre truble getting enugh sleep.
I separate their tys, bks, and clthing int ne f three piles: fr dnatins, friends with yunger children, and, finally, that which is t damaged t keep at all. The prcess can take hurs, but when I’m dne, there’s a huge weight lifted as all the clutter finds a new hme.
Organizing and decluttering ur space gives us a sense f cntrl ver ur surrundings, says Jurdan Travers, a psychtherapist and clinical directr f Awake Therapy in New Yrk City. “Mess is stress. Humans have limited bandwidth, and it isn’t easy t fcus n essential tasks when we are in messy r unclean spaces,” says Travers. The research backs this up. A study published in the September 2017 issue f Current Psychlgy fund that “clutter prblems led t a significant decrease in satisfactin with life amng lder adults.” The study fund that thse wh delay decluttering because f “indecisin” end up with a munting issue that weighs n their mind.
Smetimes, hwever, we have truble parting with ur stuff. It can start t munt up because the task f decluttering and rerganizing can start t feel verwhelming and intense. There are varius reasns why we hld nt stuff, sme f which are valid. If smething is a family heirlm, fr example, and has deep meaning, we may nt want t part with it.
Maybe it’s that utfit yu hpe ne day yu’ll fit int. Maybe the items were expensive, and even thugh yu dn’t wear them anymre, yu hate the idea f parting with them. If there are sme items yu have truble parting with, try getting rid f the easy stuff first.
28．What is a direct cnsequence f cluttering?
A．One will feel ut f cntrl ver his life.
B．One will feel burden piling up in his brain.
C．One will feel unable t deal with all the stuff.
D．One will feel relieved by his mental prblems.
29．Which f the fllwing is clsest in meaning t the underlined wrd “bandwidth” in paragraph 3?
A．Brain capacity.
B．Wrk efficiency.
C．Energy level.
D．Learning cmpetence.
30．In what way is decluttering rewarding?
A．It can bst ur well-being.
B．It can bring hpe t the needy.
C．It can guarantee a sund sleep.
D．It can teach children hw t rganize.
31．What can be the best title fr the text?
A．Decluttering-A Lifestyle in fashin.
B．Decluttering-A Psychlgical Therapy.
C．Decluttering-A Slutin t “Indecisin”.
D．Decluttering-A Way t Clear Our Mind Out.
Part3人与社会
（2024·浙江·二模）The sun near the equatr is never-ceasing, bearing dwn as I lead Elaine, a dark brwn hrse, thrugh thick bushes. It’s been a lng day n hrseback. My legs ache and ur camp signals acrss a ridge f ancient flding hills in the Llldaiga Range f nrthern Kenya, a msaic (马赛克) f twisted landscapes and cmmunities.
Suddenly Elaine’s ears flick int alert, and the muscles f her bdy tense beneath me. Our guide Nichlus stretches ut a lean arm tward a bush just meters away. My eyes fcus, trying my best t see what the thers already have: tw amber balls glwing frm a shadwed frm. It’s a yung lin, quick and strng, in the middle f the high grass.
A wild silence hangs between us.
Withut the defensive hunting vehicle, I feel cmpletely expsed. Peering int the bush, I’m suspended between wnder and terrr, the distance between myself and the Savannah’s mst ntrius hunter unbelievably small. Usually, I’m the ne tracking the lin, camera in hand. Nw, the lin shifts in my cnsciusness frm bject t subject. I shift, t, strngly aware f the sft flesh f my wn bdy.
Nichlus nds his head in the ther directin, a safer distance away. He pints t shallw hles in the dust. “Lk, this is a big lin, and these are yung nes, sme cubs,” he says. “Prbably a mther.” Pawprints marked the earth, each telling the stry f mre lins, mving in different directins.
It was time t g.
Hrseback safaris are still the mst immersive way t view wildlife in Kenya. T jurney n hrseback is t break dwn the walls—meant t prtect, but als t separate us frm the natural wrld. And as we’re absrbed in the thrill f the experience, we’re vividly reminded f the imprtance f prtecting these wild spaces.
Out here yur hrse is yur translatr, respnding t the lw hiss f a lepard, the sft scent f an elephant herd, the cl mrning breeze descending frm Munt Kenya’s glacial peaks. Yur jb is t learn hw t listen.
32．Which wrds can NOT describe my hrseback jurney?
A．Thrilling.B．Tiring.C．Breathtaking.D．Bring.
33．What can we learn frm paragraph 3 and 4?
A．I regretted nt having driven a vehicle.
B．I felt extremely tense in case f lins’ attack.
C．There will be a big battle between lins and us.
D．It was ut f my expectatin t break int a lin’s wrld.
34．Why d peple still lve engaging hrseback travelling in Kenya tday?
A．Hrses are much cheaper than vehicles.
B．Visitrs will experience the wildlife anytime.
C．It is a safe and exciting way t enjy the wildlife.
D．It ffers a chance t recnsider the cnnectin between humans and wildlife.
35．What des the authr suggest in the last paragraph?
A．Find mre animals t feed.B．Ask yur hrse fr translatin.
C．Feel nature with yur heart.D．Listen t the sund f every animal.
（2024·辽宁·模拟预测）As AI technlgy is imprving by leaps and bunds, a lw-cst cmputer training prgram can help lder persns drive less dangerusly, accrding t a recent research.
“It is Drive Smart, a training prgram, that is develped by us, which culd be used by anyne wh has a cmputer,” says Jing Feng, c-authr f the study and a prfessr f psychlgy at Stanfrd University. “Drive Smart is a cgnitive (认知的) training prgram that can help lder persns ntice traffic risks mre effectively. Our gal f recent study was t see t what degree Drive Smart changes trainees’ driving behavirs when they get behind the wheel.”
The researchers sught ut 24 persns aged 65 and up t test Drive Smart. In a driving simulatr (模拟器), all f the study participants experienced a basic driving exam. The “active training” grup was made up f eight f the study participants. Every tw weeks, the active training grup had tw Drive Smart trainings. A grup f eight additinal study participants was asked t take “passive training” where this grup watched vides f thers receiving the Drive Smart instructin. This happened twice, with each lasting abut a week. The cntrl grup, which was made up f the remaining eight study participants, received n training. After that, all 24 study participants perfrmed a secnd driving exam in the simulatr.
Cmpared with the ther tw grups, the study participants in the active training grup experienced 23% fewer “unsafe incidents” fllwing the training, accrding t the researchers. There was n bvius change in the number f dangerus incidents amng study participants in the passive training and cntrl grups.
“This testing was cnducted with a fairly limited number f study participants,” Feng says in the interview. “If we can succeed in getting sufficient fund, we’d like t further ur testing with mre peple t clearly prve hw effective this training is at reducing accidents amng lder drivers.”
36．Where might the text mst prbably be taken frm?
A．A website.B．A newspaper.
C．A science fictin.D．A test reprt.
37．What is paragraph 3 f the text mainly abut?
A．The specific pattern f the test.
B．The underlying meaning f the test.
C．The driving behavir f three training grups.
D．The theretical basis fr the training prgram.
38．Jing Feng fund that the “Passive training” grup rarely changed their driving behavir thugh ________.
A．they had reduced dangerus incidents apparently
B．they had experienced insecure incidents previusly
C．they had been shwn instructive vides abut tw weeks
D．they had received Drive Smart trainings every ther week
39．What is Feng’s attitude twards the testing result?
A．Disapprving.B．Frustrated.C．Critical.D．Optimistic.
（2024·辽宁·模拟预测）Saving Us: A Climate Scientist’s Case fr Hpe and Healing in a Divided Wrld—Katherine Hayhe’s new bk, prpses t fight climate change thrugh better cmmunicatin. It is a fllw-up t her awesme TED talk in 2018, when she declared the mst imprtant thing any individual can d t fight climate change is t talk abut it.
Of many refreshing aspects f this bk, ne is that Hayhe recunts bth her successes and her failures t cmmunicate, thrugh which she has gathered evidence abut what wrks and what des nt. Much f the bk’s advice is cmmn sense, all backed up nt just by Hayhe’s experience but als with cnvincing research by psychlgists and scial scientists.
Hayhe advises against trying t engage with a small minrity, the “Dismissives”, wh angrily reject the idea that human-caused climate change is a threat. Hayhe pays special attentin t Dismissives early n, nting that their aggressive psture nline may create the impressin that they’re everywhere. Hwever, she argues, Dismissives accunt fr nly 7% f all American adults. The ther 93% are mre receptive by degree.
The bk includes amusing examples f her encunters with the “Dismissives”, including an engineer wh was uncnvinced abut the evidence but with whm she was able t establish mutual (相互的) respect thrugh a shared passin fr knitting (打毛线衣). It is als packed with inspiring accunts f hw she has wn ver even the crwds wh are the mst suspicius. Her mtt is “bnd, cnnect and inspire”, which represents her apprach f always lking fr pint s f cmmn grund.
She als tells f a man wh apprached her after an event in Lndn in 2019. Inspired by her TED talk, he had started t speak t everybdy he culd in his neighbrhd f Wandswrth. He shwed her details f 12,000 cnversatins that had taken place, claiming that they had helped t cnvince the cuncil t declare a climate emergency and t switch investments frm fssil fuels t renewable energy.
And s, while it may feel difficult t influence the utcme f the COP26, Hayhe’s uplifting bk makes a persuasive case that we can all d ur bit t bring abut success just by talking abut the issue.
40．What des the bk mainly fcus n?
A．Explaining critical talking thrugh literature.
B．Teaching cmmunicatin skills with TED talks.
C．Sharpening peple’s insight int climate change.
D．Sharing cmmunicatin-centered tips fr climate prblems.
41．Which f the fllwing best describes the advice in the bk?
A．Serius and challenging.B．Well-based and wrkable.
C．Apprachable but ne-sided.D．Practical but unacknwledged.
42．Hw did Hayhe win ver the “Dismissives”?
A．By upgrading their scial psitin.
B．By seeking shared interests r hbbies.
C．By changing their fundamental beliefs.
D．By ffering mre facts abut climate change.
43．What des the authr want t say by telling the stry in paragraph 5?
A．Turning t clean energy is inevitable.
B．We shuld raise peple’s awareness f the climate crisis.
C．Cnversatins have an impact n climate decisin-making.
D．A shy man began t speak t everybdy mtivated by Hayhe.
（2024·陕西西安·模拟预测）Each year, ur educatin team wrks t create a brand-new STEM curriculum. In ur 2023 prgram—Wnder, campers build cnfidence and wrk tgether t take n fur exciting challenges, explring innvatin, creative prblem slving and design thinking, all while develping persistence and having fun!Catching Air
In a high-energy adventure cmbining physics and creativity, kids design and build a mini skate park! They will have t pick ut their wn mini skatebard. Then, they’ll practice persistence by cnstructing an awesme skate park cmplete with ramps, rails, ledges and ther features that will put their wheels t the test.Inventin Celebratin
In this festive experience, kids take n the rle f event planners as they learn abut the imprtance f celebrating. They’ll investigate the science f sights, sunds and circuitry (线路) as they plan their party with light-up party hats, clrful bubbles, art banners and musical instruments. They will als learn abut the efficiency f machines.MimicBt (模拟机器人)
Explring nature, genetics and adaptive innvatin, kids will turn a MimicBt int an animatrnic (电子动物) stuffie. After receiving their bt, they take it apart t investigate its inner mechanics and what makes it mve. Once they put it back tgether, they will persnalize their stuffies and use prblem-slving skills and intellectual prperty t prtect it frm the idea-stealing Cpy Cat!Pp-Up Venture
The sky is the limit as kids discver what it takes t develp and run a business f their dreams! In this creative challenge, they’ll build their wn pp-up shp, making decisins and using riginal strategies t attract custmers. Children will cmmunicate thrugh marketing and advertising, learning hw t launch and perate their wn venture.
44．What can kids learn at Catching Air?
A．Plan a celebratin.B．Design and build a skate park.
C．Set up and run a business.D．Lk int the inner side f machines.
45．What d the fur activities all have in cmmn?
A．They are nly designed t amuse kids.
B．They need adults t prvide guidance.
C．They call fr the same ability t finish.
D．They teach kids smething while having fun.
46．What is the purpse f the text?
A．T educate.B．T advise.C．T intrduce.D．T advertise.
Part3人与自然
（2024·浙江·二模）“Please wuld yu tell me,” asks the herine f Alice’s Adventures in Wnderland, “why yur cat grins like that?” Alice is surprised when tld that all Cheshire cats can grin and that “mst f ‘em d”.
We can nly wnder, then, what she wuld make f a new study that claims that ur pet cats actually have nearly 300 facial expressins — far larger than many experts had expected and which may have evlved as a result f them living alngside humans.
The study invlved dzens f cats being filmed at the CatCafe Lunge in Ls Angeles, where hmeless cats live tgether while up fr adptin. Mre specifically, they lgged each ccurrence f 26 facial muscle mvements, including blinks and half blinks, nse licks, and varius ear psitins. They identified 276 cmbinatins f thse mvements, each f which represents a cat facial expressin.
That was nt far away frm the 357 expressins a similar study had previusly seen in chimpanzees, and it easily beat the 80 frm gibbns (长臂猿). Dgs are said t be capable f 27 facial mvements.
Accrding t the researchers, the number f cat facial expressins was a surprise and indicates a hidden depth t hw cats express themselves. “Thanks t the develpment f Facial Actin Cding Systems, we are nw able t uncver cmmunicative cmplexity amng mammals that may have been previusly verlked.” they said.
The studies shwed that abut 45 per cent f them were clearly friendly: These tended t invlve eyes being clsed and ears and whiskers (胡须) being tilted frwards, twards anther cat, during a friendly encunter. Anther 37 per cent were bviusly aggressive r defensive.
The researchers suggest that pet cats have a greater range f facial expressins in part because being clse t peple ften als means living in clse places with ther cats — and being able t cmmunicate can avid cnflict. And they believe it shuld be pssible t read mre subtle messages. “We plan t study hw cats prduce facial signals during specific interactins, such as play, fighting, and s n.”
47．What d paragraph 1 and 2 mainly tell us?
A．Alice actually made a study n cats’ grins.
B．Cats are ften heres in famus fairy tales.
C．Alice has a cat in Alice’s Adventures in Wnderland.
D．Peple d nt knw much abut cats facial expressins.
48．Why des the authr mentin chimpanzees and dgs?
A．T shw that these animals are all mammals.
B．T shw that cats can express themselves in special ways.
C．T shw that cats are cleverer than chimpanzees and dgs.
D．T shw that cats have unbelievable quantities f facial expressins.
49．What des the study say abut the cats’ facial expressins?
A．Eyes being clsed t anther cat is defensive.
B．Almst all the cat facial expressins are friendly.
C．Living with humans influences cats’ facial expressin.
D．Cats’ facial expressins can be regarded as just simple.
50．What wuld be the best title fr the text?
A．Cats Pull 276 Different Faces.B．Mst f the Cats Can Grin.
C．The Ways Cats Prduce Facial Signals.D．Cats’ Facial Muscle Mvement.
（2024·江西吉安·一模）As a mushrm scientist, yu are vastly utnumbered, with estimates suggesting that there are between 2.2 millin and 3.8 millin species f fungi (真菌), the majrity f which are yet t be identified. Hwever, prfessinals in the field are nt alne in their effrts t uncver new species. An enthusiastic cmmunity f amateurs has emerged, bridging the gap between prfessinals and nn-prfessinals. These amateurs have even made significant discveries. One such amateur is Taylr Lckwd, a 74-year-ld mushrm enthusiast and prfessinal phtgrapher.
In 1984, while living n the Mendcin cast f Califrnia, Taylr Lckwd develped a fascinatin with mushrms. “Outside my cttage were these amazing mushrms,” he says. “And it was as if these mushrms lked at me and said, ‘Taylr, g ut and tell the wrld hw pretty we are.’” Lckwd answered their call and purchased camera equipment t capture their true nature. His passin fr phtgraphing mushrms was s intense that he wuld even dig hles next t the mushrms t get the perfect angle fr his shts.
In the Mnngahela Natinal Frest, Taylr Lckwd discvered an unusual mushrm that lked like tiny fingers wearing ff-white glves. Upn deeper investigatin, fungi researcher Amy Rssman cnfirmed that it was a “hazel glve” mushrm, which is a rare find. “Mushrms are nt like plants,” Rssman says. “They dn’t cme up at the same time every year, and s smetimes it can be decades between when a fungus fruits.” Rssman says that’s why it’s s valuable t have peple like Taylr Lckwd searching thrugh the frest with a trained eye.
A few years ag, Taylr Lckwd realized that still phts weren’t sufficient, s he chse t create time-lapse (延时拍摄的) vides f mushrms. “When I d time-lapse, I see s much life happening arund the mushrms—insects, wrms and ther small creatures interacting with them,” he says. Lckwd’s lve fr art is evident in his apprach t filming mushrms ver time. Althugh he appreciates the scientific aspect f his wrk, he identifies himself as an artist at heart.
51．What can we learn abut mushrm amateurs frm paragraph 1?
A．They keep clse track f the grwth f fungi.
B．They help identify new species f mushrm.
C．They replace prfessinal scientists in the field.
D．They classify the majrity f mushrm species.
52．What inspired Lckwd t phtgraph mushrms?
A．His desire fr knwledge.
B．His curisity abut nature.
C．The beauty f nearby mushrms.
D．The appeal f utdr phtgraphy.
53．Which f the fllwing best describes Lckwd accrding t paragraph 3?
A．Skilled and bservant.
B．Fcused and flexible.
C．Talented and ptimistic.
D．Organized and respnsible.
54．Why did Lckwd decide t make time-lapse vides f mushrms?
A．T imprve his phtgraphy techniques.
B．T capture dynamic life in an artistic way.
C．T cllect bilgical data fr deeper research.
D．T use a new apprach t scientific studies.
（2024·陕西西安·模拟预测）In a new study, researchers fund that invasive insects in the United States culd kill apprximately 1.4 millin urban trees by 2050, which wuld cst ver $900 millin t replace, reprts Vishwam Sankaran fr the Independent.
Ht spts predicted t have the mst urban tree mrtality (死亡率) were Milwaukee, Wiscnsin; Chicag, Illinis; and New Yrk, New Yrk. The study, published in the Jurnal f Applied Eclgy, is the first natinwide frecast f street tree mrtality frm invasive insects.
The emerald ash brer is an invasive beetle native t Asia. It was first detected in 2002 in sutheastern Michigan, and experts suspect it was brught int the United States n wd packing material carried n carg ships r airplanes traveling frm Asia. Since then, the bug has been damaging ash trees. In the last tw decades since the insect was first detected, numerus trees have been killed in Nrth America.
Data cllected frm 30,000 cmmunities acrss the cuntry was used t estimate tree mrtality in the next 30 years. The researchers cmbined this data with a mdel that predicted the spread f 57 different invasive insect species. Their results shw emerald ash brers alne culd cause 90% f the estimated 1.4 millin tree deaths. Ash brers are already predicted t “kill virtually all ash trees” in ver 6,000 urban areas, accrding t Newsweek.
Less than 25% f 30,000 urban areas in the U.S. are expected t experience 95% f all street-tree mrtality, reprts Adam Barnes fr the Hill. The areas that will experience the mst tree lss include cities in the Midwest and East Cast. These lcatins are expected t have the mst tree lss because large numbers f ash trees ccupy the streets and parks in these areas, reprted the Independent.
When it cmes t hw t save urban areas frm becming treeless, study authr Emma Hudgins, a bilgist at McGill University, says, “These results can hpefully prvide a cautinary tale against planting a single species f tree thrughut entire cities, as has been dne with ash trees in Nrth America. Planting varius trees prvides resilience against pest infestatins (侵扰).”
55．What can we knw abut the emerald ash brer?
A．It is an invasive beetle in Asia.
B．It was first fund by the Michigan peple.
C．It has killed numerus trees in America.
D．They definitely enter the U.S. by carg ships r airplanes.
56．What is the furth paragraph intended t describe?
A．The purpse f the research.B．The cnclusin f the research.
C．The significance f the research.D．The prcess and result f the research.
57．What can be inferred frm the fifth paragraph?
A．Pest infestatins are taking place acrss the cuntry.
B．The insect’s invasin wn’t spread equally in America.
C．Tree lss is the main cause f envirnmental prblems.
D．Ash trees are being remved frm many areas in the U.S.
58．What suggestin des Emma Hudgins prvide?
A．Getting different types f trees planted.
B．Replacing freign trees with lcal nes.
C．Getting mre trees planted in mre areas.
D．Planting trees resistant t pest infestatins.
Mazyck was ne f 12 participants in a Zer G flight, rganized by the grup AstrAccess. This type f flight recreates the weightlessness that astrnauts experience withut ging all the way t space. Flying ver the Pacific Ocean ff Suthern Califrnia, the mdified 747 jet airplane made 15 steep dives and climbs, allwing the flyers multiple perids f weightlessness.
The experience left Mazyck feeling jyful. “The flight was smething that I wuld have never in my wildest dreams thught I wuld’ve experienced,” she says, “especially the flating, the weightlessness.”
Traditinally, strict physical requirements have prevented disabled peple frm becming astrnauts. AstrAccess is wrking t make space accessible t all. “Space remves the barriers between peple; nw is the time t remve the barriers t space itself,” says Mazyck, “It is sending a message t peple wh have histrically been excluded frm STEM that nt nly is there rm fr yu in space, there is a need fr yu.”
During the flight, she says, the participants did experiments and made bservatins. They tk nte f things that peple withut certain disabilities might nt realize are issues. Fr example, peple wh culdn’t grip with their legs needed anther way t hld themselves still while weightless. The grup als experimented with signaling lights fr the deaf and with ways f using braille (盲文) fr the blind.
These types f issues are easy enugh t address. Nw is the time t make space accessible — befre space turism r space settlements becme cmmnplace. “I am s prud and elated abut what’s happening here,” Mazyck adds. “We are paving the way fr the future.”
1．What d we knw abut AstrAccess?
A．It redesigns jet airplanes.B．It ffers weightlessness experience.
C．It prvides physical treatment.D．It trains the disabled t be astrnauts.
2．What is required in the flights fr the participants?
A．Astrnaut experience.B．Steep dives and climbs.
C．Weightlessness perids.D．Trials and bservatins.
3．Which f the fllwing wrds can best describe Mazyck?
A．Generus and determined.B．Caring and persistent.
C．Curageus and ptimistic.D．Ambitius and innvative.
4．Which f the fllwing can be the best title f the passage?
A．Paving the Way fr the FutureB．Disabled Americans Make It t Space
C．Making Space a Place fr EveryneD．US Veterans Experience Zer G Flight
（2024·湖南岳阳·二模）Predicting extreme weather events is a tricky business. Changing climate cnditins have increased the frequency f severe strms, flds, and heatwaves, alng with larger wildfires. As a result, scientists are using artificial intelligence (AI) techniques fr mre accurate frecasts that help t minimize damage and save lives.
Researchers at Pennsylvania State University have wrked tgether with meterlgists (气象学家) t analyze mre than 50,000 weather satellite images t quickly identify strms. They fund cmma-shaped clud frmatins that ften lead t severe weather such as hail, blizzards, high winds, and thunderstrms.
Cmputers were then taught using cmputer visin and machine learning t autmatically detect these cluds frm satellite images, with almst 100 percent accuracy, in less than a minute. By refcusing meterlgists’ attentin n ptential strm clud frmatin the AI tl helped predict 64 percent f severe weather events and beat established detectin systems.
Expensive supercmputers are ften used t prcess vast amunts f data needed fr accurate weather predictin. But pwerful AI methds can run n smaller cmputers. Climate risk and planning cmpany ClimateAI uses a technique t dwnscale glbal weather frecasts t a lcal scale, cutting dwn n csts and cmputing pwer.
It uses a machine learning technique that pits tw neural netwrks against each ther. The neural netwrks - designed t wrk like neurns cnnected in the brain - fight and train each ther using glbal weather data until they get a result.
Using this methd ClimateAI researchers generate highly accurate and inexpensive lcal frecasts fr hurs r days ahead. And because it is nt as cstly, it allws prer cuntries affected by climate change t use frecasts t change the way they farm, build bridges, rads, r hmes, and adapt t extreme weather.
Average csts assciated with extreme weather events in the United States have increased steadily since 1980. These have cstly impacts n cities’ basic services, infrastructure, husing, human livelihds, and health. AI helps us t calculate that risk and can be used as a preventive measure.
5．What can be inferred frm Para.1?
A．Inaccurate frecasts minimize the destructin.
B．AI enhances accuracy in making weather predictin.
C．Less natural disasters are caused by climate change.
D．Changeable climate decreased the frequency f serius strms.
6．Which is NOT an advantage f AI tl?
A．Being steadier.B．Being cheaper.
C．Being quicker.D．Being mre precise.
7．What is the functin f Para.5?
A．T explain hw Climate AI wrks.
B．T intrduce why AI methds are used.
C．T shw where ClimateAI can be applied.
D．T identify what effects f the AI tl has.
8．What is the authr’s attitude twards AI techniques in predicting extreme weather?
A．Critical.B．Apprving.C．Objective.D．Indifferent.
（2024·江苏盐城·模拟预测）Just after hatching, many birds learn t identify and fllw the first mving bject they encunter—a prcess called imprinting, which can ffer prtectin in the wild as it helps them stay near a parent. It desn’t take much visual infrmatin fr a bird t learn t prefer ne bject and fllw it. Researchers wanted t knw whether AI mdels called transfrmers culd d a similar task with limited inputs.
Transfrmers are generic learning systems that can be trained t perfrm a wide variety f tasks, making them useful in bth AI chatbts such as ChatGPT and in cmputer visin applicatins, such as autnmus car navigatin.
“T directly cmpare learning algrithms (计算程序) t brains, we need t train them n the same experiences,” says Samantha Wd at Indiana University Blmingtn. She first raised chicks in a bx where the nly visual stimulatin came frm a rtating 3D bject presented n a screen. After the first week, she ran each chick thrugh hundreds f test trials that shwed that same bject n ne screen－presented frm bth familiar and unfamiliar perspectives－and displayed a secnd unfamiliar bject n anther screen. The chicks spent mre f their time near the first bject, suggesting they had imprinted n it.
The researcher then created a virtual simulatin (仿造物) f the set-up and used a virtual agent t mve thrugh it while lking arund and recrding a first-persn view. That prvided tens f thusands f simulated images fr training and evaluating fur transfrmer mdels.
The AI mdels had just 300 millisecnds t learn frm each simulated image－apprximating (接近于) hw lng bilgical neurns (神经元) fire after being presented with an image. The researcher fund that the AIs culd learn t recgnise a 3D bject as quickly and accurately as the chicks.
The study is “a great piece f wrk” in cmparing machine perfrmance with bilgical brains, says Antne Martinh-Truswell at the University f Sydney. But he als ntes, “We might be able t say that the chick ‘saw’its imprinting bject, but that will have a cmpnent (成分) f experience t it. Particularly as imprinting is t d with identifying its mther, it wuld be unsurprising if that visual experience were cmbined with a suite f ther cmpnents f experience: fear yielding t cmfrt, fr example, as the chick cmes t regard the bject as its imprinted ‘mther’.”
9．Why d newbrn birds engage in imprinting?
A．T enhance their navigatin skills.
B．T develp their scial behaviur.
C．T imprve their cmmunicatin with ther birds.
D．T establish a prtective cnnectin with a guardian.
10．Hw did Samantha Wd cnduct the initial experiment with chicks?
A．She raised them in an envirnment with a rtating visual element.
B．She expsed them t varius visual stimulatins in the wild.
C．She shwed them varius mving bjects n screens.
D．She bserved their behaviur in a natural habitat.
11．What rle did the virtual simulatin play in the research?
A．T imitate the natural behaviur f birds.
B．T assess the effectiveness f virtual agents.
C．T examine the Al mdels’ability t identify a 3D bject.
D．T create a visually diverse envirnment fr the chicks.
12．Accrding t Antne Martinh-Truswell, what pses a challenge in cmparing machine perfrmance with bilgical brains?
A．Rapid learning pace f AI mdels.
B．Recreating real-wrld envirnments fr experiments.
C．The cmplexity and diversity f bilgical experiences.
D．Cnducting additinal experiments with a range f animals.
（2024·陕西安康·三模）During space missins, astrnauts can experience a lss f sme f the inner structural supprt in their bnes. Fr trips in space lasting at least six mnths, that lss is equal t abut 20 years f aging. Luckily, a new study finds a year back n Earth rebuilds half f the strength lst in the affected bne.
Exercise scientist Leigh Gabel was part f a team that tracked 17 astrnauts, each f whm had spent fur t seven mnths in space. The team measured the 3-D structure f bne. They fcused n the structure f the tibia (胫骨) and the lwer-arm bne. The researchers tk images f the bnes 3 times—befre spaceflight and again six mnths and ne year later when the astrnaut s returned hme frm space. Frm these pictures, Gabel’s team calculated an astrnaut’s bne strength and density (密度) at each f thse times.
What did they find thrugh cmparisn f the pictures? Astrnauts in space fr less than six mnths regained their preflight bne strength after a year back n Earth. But thse wh stayed in space lnger suffered permanent hne lss in their tibias. That lss was equal t a decade f aging. The lwer-arm bnes shwed almst n lss. That was likely because these aren’t weight-bearing hnes n Earth, Gabel explains. In fact, thse arms can get a bigger wrkut in space than n Earth as astrnauts use them t mve arund their craft by pushing ff handles and drs.
“Inereasing weight-lifting exercises in space culd help alleviate (缓解) bne lss in the legs,” says Steven Byd, als in exercise scientist.
“With lnger spaceflight, we can expect bigger bne lss—and prbably a bigger prblem with recvery,” says physilgist Laurence Vic. “Space agencies shuld als cnsider ther bne health measures, such as nutritin, t reduce bne lss and increase bne frmatin.”
13．Why did Gabel’s team take pictures at different times?
A．T ffer evidence fr their predictins.
B．T shw their respect fr the astrnauts.
C．T cmpare the changes in the astrnauts’ bnes.
D．T find ut the prper length f staying in space fr astrnauts.
14．Which f the fllwing may Gabel agree with?
A．A spaceflight in less than half a year des n harm t astrnauts.
B．Astrnauts cming back frm a spaceflight lk much lder.
C．Astrnauts can avid bne lss thrugh ding enugh exercise.
D．There is almst n difference in the astrnauts’ lwer-arm bnes.
15．What can we cnclude frm this text?
A．Peple n Earth never suffer bne lss.
B．The finding f the new study is gd news fr astrnauts.
C．The 17 astrnauts knew the bne lss befre their spaceflights.
D．Astrnauts can regain their bne strength as sn as they return t Earth.
16．What des the text mainly talk abut?
A．Hw t prevent bne lss in space.
B．Prblems faced by astrnauts in space.
C．Astrnauts’ suffering frm bne lss in space.
D．Astrnauts’ cntributins t the develpment f science.
Part2人与自我
（2024·浙江·二模）A diet high in prtein is ften prmted as part f a healthy lifestyle, and many diets encurage cnsumers t reduce fats in favr f prtein t lse weight and gain lean muscle.
Fr the study in Nature Metablism, Bettina Mittendrfer and clleagues fund that while increasing the prprtin f prtein in daily calrie intake is beneficial, cnsuming prtein t much nt nly desn’t add t the develpment f lean muscle but can cause unintended negative health effects.
“Cnsumers are being led t believe that they can never get t much prtein in their diet,” says Mittendrfer. “Hwever, ur research shws that specific amin acids (氨基酸), which are the building blcks f prtein, can trigger heart disease thrugh a signaling mechanism at the cellular level in the bld.”
An amin acid fund in animal-prtein fds, such as beef, eggs, and milk, was fund t be respnsible fr signaling activity in cells that typically clear away rubbish in bld vessels. As cnsumptin f dietary prtein increases, s des the cnsumptin f leucine (亮氨酸), the specific amin acid respnsible fr triggering this cellular activity in the bld.
When functining nrmally, these cells wrk t keep bld vessels free frm plaque (血小板) buildup. When their prductin becmes veractive, the resulting accumulatin f spent cells in the vascular system can cause the plaque buildup and blckages they are suppsed t prevent. The resulting hardening f the arteries (动脉) is a leading risk factr fr heart attack and strke.
“Our hpe is t eventually find the Gldilcks apprach fr maximizing the health benefits f dietary prtein, such as building lean muscle, while aviding the health drawbacks frm vercnsumptin.” says Mittendrfer.
The researchers fund that cnsuming mre than 22% f daily calries frm prtein carries mre dwnside risk than dietary benefit. Fr a nrmal adult, 20 t 30 grams f prtein per meal, r 60 t 90 grams f prtein per day is adequate t supprt health.
The study cmbined human trials with experiments in mice and cells.
17．Which f the fllwing is the finding f the research?
A．It is beneficial t take in prtein in daily diets.
B．A diet high in prtein is always cnsidered as a healthy lifestyle.
C．Many cnsumers are in favr f prtein t lse weight and gain muscle.
D．Cnsuming prtein t much desn’t d gd t the lean muscle develpment.
18．Which f the fllwing is mst likely t cause heart attack and strke?
A．The plaque buildup.B．Animal-prtein fds.
C．The hardening f the arteries.D．Overactive cellular activity in the bld.
19．What is the prper way t make gd use f prtein?
A．T take in prper amunt f prtein per meal.
B．T exercise everyday in rder t build lean muscle.
C．T cnsume mre than 22% f daily calries frm prtein.
D．T d mre experiments in mice and cells t prvide evidence.
20．What d we knw abut the study?
A．It is cnducted in a relatively scientific way.
B．It finally finds a prper apprach t keep fit.
C．It is ttally against what peple have believed.
D．It ffers a diet standard fr peple f all ages all ver the wrld.
（2024·辽宁·模拟预测）What is a barrier? It usually refers t an bstacle r a difficulty that prevents yu frm achieving smething. Whether it was in yur past, r yu’ re presently facing ne, yu have t reslve it. While many peple avid barriers, deny their existence r let barriers cntrl themselves, what stand yu take n barriers will define the utcme f whether yu rise frm the challenge, r remain stuck in it. Here are sme mre great things t lve abut barriers.
First f all, barriers give yu mtivatins. Smetimes barriers can reset yur gals. Yu might be faced with setbacks r difficulties, yu’ re frced t re-think, and re-examine yur path. Yu may end up fcusing n smething new and exciting. Or, yu may cncentrate n smething that yu therwise wuldn’t have if nt fr the particular setback. By having t vercme an bstacle, yu’ll be fulfilling a purpse, rather than just ging thrugh the mtins.
Als, barriers prepare yu fr the unexpected. They serve as guides fr where t g next. Even thugh barriers can bring ut many negative emtins in us, such as frustratin, anger, r sadness, it’s imprtant t realize that they dn’t stp yu frm reaching yur intended gals. Instead, they, in a way, give yu time t stp and think if perhaps there is a new and better path t take and what yu can prepare fr what will happen alng the way. Barriers shift yur perspective.
Barriers, mre ften than nt, are unavidable. Life will never stp thrwing yu new barriers. S, the best thing t d is knw hw t better see and apprach these bstacles, and transfrm them int pprtunities fr self-imprvement. The mre yu’re able t see barriers as being an advantage t yur life, the better yu’ll be at managing them.
It will be rewarding t accept barriers, which will make yu cnstantly change and adapt t new situatins, thus allwing yu t grw int a better versin f yurself.
21．What is the determining factr f the utcme when facing barriers?
A．Yur specific gals.B．Yur wn attitude.
C．Yur diverse preparatins.D．Yur strng will pwer.
22．Which f the fllwing is true abut barriers?
A．They bring yu psitive emtins.
B．They prevent yu frm realizing yur gals.
C．They are avidable if yu prepare fr them well.
D．They enable yu t view things in a different way.
23．What des the underlined wrd “apprach” in paragraph 4 mean?
A．T cpe with.B．T g ver.
C．T cme near t sb.D．T speak t sb abut sth.
24．What’s the main idea f the passage?
A．Life is always thrwing us barriers.B．Barriers are duble-edged swrds.
C．Embracing barriers benefits a lt.D．Meeting barriers is actually avidable.
（2024·辽宁·模拟预测）What t taste in Kuala Lumpur 2024
Great restaurants in Kuala Lumpur ffer a genuine glbal dining experience. Whether yu are lking t enjy hearty cmfrt fd r sme lcal delicacies (佳肴), the city’s dining scene satisfies all cmers.
Cantalupe
Situated abut 20 minutes frm dwntwn Malacca, it is a hme-based eatery (餐馆) with abut 10 tables manned by fur peratrs. Unlike mst restaurants, fd is self-service here, with dishes placed n catering pans fr custmers t chse frm. It serves traditinal Malaysian dishes with distinct Chinese influences. Yu will find rice dumplings and chicken rendang amng the fferings. It has tw branches in the city. Their dishes sell ut fast, s it’d be best t head there befre lunch time.
Mum’s Place
Nthing brings mre cmfrt than mm’s cking. With recipes inspired by the wners’ mther, this restaurant brings yu Nynya dishes that are genuinely Malaysian. Lying in the district f Damansara Perdana, Mum’s Place is a neighburhd restaurant with its main custmers frm residents nearby. Sme f the best dishes include cencaru fish; devil curry chicken and beef rendang.
YumYum Restaurant
Situated in the beautiful Shangri-La Htel, Yum Yum Restaurant is amng the lcals’ many favurite spts t dine at. It ffers an interesting Nynya and Thai fd with Chinese influences that make them stand ut. The classic dishes include sambal petai prawns, assam fish head and Yum Yum egg. It can get crwded here, s it’d be best t head there early r call ahead fr reservatins.
Trika Sky Dining
Offering fine dining, the amazing Trika Sky Dining undubtedly stands ut frm the pack. Set n the 23rd flr f Twer B f The Trika, it ges withut saying that the clud-skimming views here are smething else entirely. The fd is what helps it stand ut. It serves award-winning French, Italian, Greek, and Spanish fd and adventurus menu f high-end pizzas and pasta.
25．What’s unique abut Cantalupe？
A．It is a cafeteria.B．It is a htel-based eatery.
C．It has a branch in the city.D．It requires reservatins in advance.
26．Where are the dishes cmbined with Chinese style available?
A．Cantalupe and Mum’s Palace.
B．Cantalupe and YumYum Restaurant.
C．Mum’s Place and Trika Sky Dining.
D．YumYum Restaurant and Trika Sky Dining.
27．What can custmers d while eating in Trika Sky Dining?
A．Help serve fd.B．Win an award.
C．Play adventurus games.D．Enjy breathtaking views.
（2024·江西吉安·一模）Every year ver the Christmas hliday, I declutter and rganize my kids’ rms. I just can’t stand the thught f adding mre clutter (杂物) t their cabinets when they’re already fully packed with all that stuff. It’s n secret that clutter weighs n us mentally, and when it’s nt dealt with, the prblem nly wrsens. All that stuff can make us feel anxius and verwhelmed. And if it’s in ur bedrms, it can even keep us frm sleeping well. Research has shwn that thse with cluttered bedrms have mre truble getting enugh sleep.
I separate their tys, bks, and clthing int ne f three piles: fr dnatins, friends with yunger children, and, finally, that which is t damaged t keep at all. The prcess can take hurs, but when I’m dne, there’s a huge weight lifted as all the clutter finds a new hme.
Organizing and decluttering ur space gives us a sense f cntrl ver ur surrundings, says Jurdan Travers, a psychtherapist and clinical directr f Awake Therapy in New Yrk City. “Mess is stress. Humans have limited bandwidth, and it isn’t easy t fcus n essential tasks when we are in messy r unclean spaces,” says Travers. The research backs this up. A study published in the September 2017 issue f Current Psychlgy fund that “clutter prblems led t a significant decrease in satisfactin with life amng lder adults.” The study fund that thse wh delay decluttering because f “indecisin” end up with a munting issue that weighs n their mind.
Smetimes, hwever, we have truble parting with ur stuff. It can start t munt up because the task f decluttering and rerganizing can start t feel verwhelming and intense. There are varius reasns why we hld nt stuff, sme f which are valid. If smething is a family heirlm, fr example, and has deep meaning, we may nt want t part with it.
Maybe it’s that utfit yu hpe ne day yu’ll fit int. Maybe the items were expensive, and even thugh yu dn’t wear them anymre, yu hate the idea f parting with them. If there are sme items yu have truble parting with, try getting rid f the easy stuff first.
28．What is a direct cnsequence f cluttering?
A．One will feel ut f cntrl ver his life.
B．One will feel burden piling up in his brain.
C．One will feel unable t deal with all the stuff.
D．One will feel relieved by his mental prblems.
29．Which f the fllwing is clsest in meaning t the underlined wrd “bandwidth” in paragraph 3?
A．Brain capacity.
B．Wrk efficiency.
C．Energy level.
D．Learning cmpetence.
30．In what way is decluttering rewarding?
A．It can bst ur well-being.
B．It can bring hpe t the needy.
C．It can guarantee a sund sleep.
D．It can teach children hw t rganize.
31．What can be the best title fr the text?
A．Decluttering-A Lifestyle in fashin.
B．Decluttering-A Psychlgical Therapy.
C．Decluttering-A Slutin t “Indecisin”.
D．Decluttering-A Way t Clear Our Mind Out.
Part3人与社会
（2024·浙江·二模）The sun near the equatr is never-ceasing, bearing dwn as I lead Elaine, a dark brwn hrse, thrugh thick bushes. It’s been a lng day n hrseback. My legs ache and ur camp signals acrss a ridge f ancient flding hills in the Llldaiga Range f nrthern Kenya, a msaic (马赛克) f twisted landscapes and cmmunities.
Suddenly Elaine’s ears flick int alert, and the muscles f her bdy tense beneath me. Our guide Nichlus stretches ut a lean arm tward a bush just meters away. My eyes fcus, trying my best t see what the thers already have: tw amber balls glwing frm a shadwed frm. It’s a yung lin, quick and strng, in the middle f the high grass.
A wild silence hangs between us.
Withut the defensive hunting vehicle, I feel cmpletely expsed. Peering int the bush, I’m suspended between wnder and terrr, the distance between myself and the Savannah’s mst ntrius hunter unbelievably small. Usually, I’m the ne tracking the lin, camera in hand. Nw, the lin shifts in my cnsciusness frm bject t subject. I shift, t, strngly aware f the sft flesh f my wn bdy.
Nichlus nds his head in the ther directin, a safer distance away. He pints t shallw hles in the dust. “Lk, this is a big lin, and these are yung nes, sme cubs,” he says. “Prbably a mther.” Pawprints marked the earth, each telling the stry f mre lins, mving in different directins.
It was time t g.
Hrseback safaris are still the mst immersive way t view wildlife in Kenya. T jurney n hrseback is t break dwn the walls—meant t prtect, but als t separate us frm the natural wrld. And as we’re absrbed in the thrill f the experience, we’re vividly reminded f the imprtance f prtecting these wild spaces.
Out here yur hrse is yur translatr, respnding t the lw hiss f a lepard, the sft scent f an elephant herd, the cl mrning breeze descending frm Munt Kenya’s glacial peaks. Yur jb is t learn hw t listen.
32．Which wrds can NOT describe my hrseback jurney?
A．Thrilling.B．Tiring.C．Breathtaking.D．Bring.
33．What can we learn frm paragraph 3 and 4?
A．I regretted nt having driven a vehicle.
B．I felt extremely tense in case f lins’ attack.
C．There will be a big battle between lins and us.
D．It was ut f my expectatin t break int a lin’s wrld.
34．Why d peple still lve engaging hrseback travelling in Kenya tday?
A．Hrses are much cheaper than vehicles.
B．Visitrs will experience the wildlife anytime.
C．It is a safe and exciting way t enjy the wildlife.
D．It ffers a chance t recnsider the cnnectin between humans and wildlife.
35．What des the authr suggest in the last paragraph?
A．Find mre animals t feed.B．Ask yur hrse fr translatin.
C．Feel nature with yur heart.D．Listen t the sund f every animal.
（2024·辽宁·模拟预测）As AI technlgy is imprving by leaps and bunds, a lw-cst cmputer training prgram can help lder persns drive less dangerusly, accrding t a recent research.
“It is Drive Smart, a training prgram, that is develped by us, which culd be used by anyne wh has a cmputer,” says Jing Feng, c-authr f the study and a prfessr f psychlgy at Stanfrd University. “Drive Smart is a cgnitive (认知的) training prgram that can help lder persns ntice traffic risks mre effectively. Our gal f recent study was t see t what degree Drive Smart changes trainees’ driving behavirs when they get behind the wheel.”
The researchers sught ut 24 persns aged 65 and up t test Drive Smart. In a driving simulatr (模拟器), all f the study participants experienced a basic driving exam. The “active training” grup was made up f eight f the study participants. Every tw weeks, the active training grup had tw Drive Smart trainings. A grup f eight additinal study participants was asked t take “passive training” where this grup watched vides f thers receiving the Drive Smart instructin. This happened twice, with each lasting abut a week. The cntrl grup, which was made up f the remaining eight study participants, received n training. After that, all 24 study participants perfrmed a secnd driving exam in the simulatr.
Cmpared with the ther tw grups, the study participants in the active training grup experienced 23% fewer “unsafe incidents” fllwing the training, accrding t the researchers. There was n bvius change in the number f dangerus incidents amng study participants in the passive training and cntrl grups.
“This testing was cnducted with a fairly limited number f study participants,” Feng says in the interview. “If we can succeed in getting sufficient fund, we’d like t further ur testing with mre peple t clearly prve hw effective this training is at reducing accidents amng lder drivers.”
36．Where might the text mst prbably be taken frm?
A．A website.B．A newspaper.
C．A science fictin.D．A test reprt.
37．What is paragraph 3 f the text mainly abut?
A．The specific pattern f the test.
B．The underlying meaning f the test.
C．The driving behavir f three training grups.
D．The theretical basis fr the training prgram.
38．Jing Feng fund that the “Passive training” grup rarely changed their driving behavir thugh ________.
A．they had reduced dangerus incidents apparently
B．they had experienced insecure incidents previusly
C．they had been shwn instructive vides abut tw weeks
D．they had received Drive Smart trainings every ther week
39．What is Feng’s attitude twards the testing result?
A．Disapprving.B．Frustrated.C．Critical.D．Optimistic.
（2024·辽宁·模拟预测）Saving Us: A Climate Scientist’s Case fr Hpe and Healing in a Divided Wrld—Katherine Hayhe’s new bk, prpses t fight climate change thrugh better cmmunicatin. It is a fllw-up t her awesme TED talk in 2018, when she declared the mst imprtant thing any individual can d t fight climate change is t talk abut it.
Of many refreshing aspects f this bk, ne is that Hayhe recunts bth her successes and her failures t cmmunicate, thrugh which she has gathered evidence abut what wrks and what des nt. Much f the bk’s advice is cmmn sense, all backed up nt just by Hayhe’s experience but als with cnvincing research by psychlgists and scial scientists.
Hayhe advises against trying t engage with a small minrity, the “Dismissives”, wh angrily reject the idea that human-caused climate change is a threat. Hayhe pays special attentin t Dismissives early n, nting that their aggressive psture nline may create the impressin that they’re everywhere. Hwever, she argues, Dismissives accunt fr nly 7% f all American adults. The ther 93% are mre receptive by degree.
The bk includes amusing examples f her encunters with the “Dismissives”, including an engineer wh was uncnvinced abut the evidence but with whm she was able t establish mutual (相互的) respect thrugh a shared passin fr knitting (打毛线衣). It is als packed with inspiring accunts f hw she has wn ver even the crwds wh are the mst suspicius. Her mtt is “bnd, cnnect and inspire”, which represents her apprach f always lking fr pint s f cmmn grund.
She als tells f a man wh apprached her after an event in Lndn in 2019. Inspired by her TED talk, he had started t speak t everybdy he culd in his neighbrhd f Wandswrth. He shwed her details f 12,000 cnversatins that had taken place, claiming that they had helped t cnvince the cuncil t declare a climate emergency and t switch investments frm fssil fuels t renewable energy.
And s, while it may feel difficult t influence the utcme f the COP26, Hayhe’s uplifting bk makes a persuasive case that we can all d ur bit t bring abut success just by talking abut the issue.
40．What des the bk mainly fcus n?
A．Explaining critical talking thrugh literature.
B．Teaching cmmunicatin skills with TED talks.
C．Sharpening peple’s insight int climate change.
D．Sharing cmmunicatin-centered tips fr climate prblems.
41．Which f the fllwing best describes the advice in the bk?
A．Serius and challenging.B．Well-based and wrkable.
C．Apprachable but ne-sided.D．Practical but unacknwledged.
42．Hw did Hayhe win ver the “Dismissives”?
A．By upgrading their scial psitin.
B．By seeking shared interests r hbbies.
C．By changing their fundamental beliefs.
D．By ffering mre facts abut climate change.
43．What des the authr want t say by telling the stry in paragraph 5?
A．Turning t clean energy is inevitable.
B．We shuld raise peple’s awareness f the climate crisis.
C．Cnversatins have an impact n climate decisin-making.
D．A shy man began t speak t everybdy mtivated by Hayhe.
（2024·陕西西安·模拟预测）Each year, ur educatin team wrks t create a brand-new STEM curriculum. In ur 2023 prgram—Wnder, campers build cnfidence and wrk tgether t take n fur exciting challenges, explring innvatin, creative prblem slving and design thinking, all while develping persistence and having fun!Catching Air
In a high-energy adventure cmbining physics and creativity, kids design and build a mini skate park! They will have t pick ut their wn mini skatebard. Then, they’ll practice persistence by cnstructing an awesme skate park cmplete with ramps, rails, ledges and ther features that will put their wheels t the test.Inventin Celebratin
In this festive experience, kids take n the rle f event planners as they learn abut the imprtance f celebrating. They’ll investigate the science f sights, sunds and circuitry (线路) as they plan their party with light-up party hats, clrful bubbles, art banners and musical instruments. They will als learn abut the efficiency f machines.MimicBt (模拟机器人)
Explring nature, genetics and adaptive innvatin, kids will turn a MimicBt int an animatrnic (电子动物) stuffie. After receiving their bt, they take it apart t investigate its inner mechanics and what makes it mve. Once they put it back tgether, they will persnalize their stuffies and use prblem-slving skills and intellectual prperty t prtect it frm the idea-stealing Cpy Cat!Pp-Up Venture
The sky is the limit as kids discver what it takes t develp and run a business f their dreams! In this creative challenge, they’ll build their wn pp-up shp, making decisins and using riginal strategies t attract custmers. Children will cmmunicate thrugh marketing and advertising, learning hw t launch and perate their wn venture.
44．What can kids learn at Catching Air?
A．Plan a celebratin.B．Design and build a skate park.
C．Set up and run a business.D．Lk int the inner side f machines.
45．What d the fur activities all have in cmmn?
A．They are nly designed t amuse kids.
B．They need adults t prvide guidance.
C．They call fr the same ability t finish.
D．They teach kids smething while having fun.
46．What is the purpse f the text?
A．T educate.B．T advise.C．T intrduce.D．T advertise.
Part3人与自然
（2024·浙江·二模）“Please wuld yu tell me,” asks the herine f Alice’s Adventures in Wnderland, “why yur cat grins like that?” Alice is surprised when tld that all Cheshire cats can grin and that “mst f ‘em d”.
We can nly wnder, then, what she wuld make f a new study that claims that ur pet cats actually have nearly 300 facial expressins — far larger than many experts had expected and which may have evlved as a result f them living alngside humans.
The study invlved dzens f cats being filmed at the CatCafe Lunge in Ls Angeles, where hmeless cats live tgether while up fr adptin. Mre specifically, they lgged each ccurrence f 26 facial muscle mvements, including blinks and half blinks, nse licks, and varius ear psitins. They identified 276 cmbinatins f thse mvements, each f which represents a cat facial expressin.
That was nt far away frm the 357 expressins a similar study had previusly seen in chimpanzees, and it easily beat the 80 frm gibbns (长臂猿). Dgs are said t be capable f 27 facial mvements.
Accrding t the researchers, the number f cat facial expressins was a surprise and indicates a hidden depth t hw cats express themselves. “Thanks t the develpment f Facial Actin Cding Systems, we are nw able t uncver cmmunicative cmplexity amng mammals that may have been previusly verlked.” they said.
The studies shwed that abut 45 per cent f them were clearly friendly: These tended t invlve eyes being clsed and ears and whiskers (胡须) being tilted frwards, twards anther cat, during a friendly encunter. Anther 37 per cent were bviusly aggressive r defensive.
The researchers suggest that pet cats have a greater range f facial expressins in part because being clse t peple ften als means living in clse places with ther cats — and being able t cmmunicate can avid cnflict. And they believe it shuld be pssible t read mre subtle messages. “We plan t study hw cats prduce facial signals during specific interactins, such as play, fighting, and s n.”
47．What d paragraph 1 and 2 mainly tell us?
A．Alice actually made a study n cats’ grins.
B．Cats are ften heres in famus fairy tales.
C．Alice has a cat in Alice’s Adventures in Wnderland.
D．Peple d nt knw much abut cats facial expressins.
48．Why des the authr mentin chimpanzees and dgs?
A．T shw that these animals are all mammals.
B．T shw that cats can express themselves in special ways.
C．T shw that cats are cleverer than chimpanzees and dgs.
D．T shw that cats have unbelievable quantities f facial expressins.
49．What des the study say abut the cats’ facial expressins?
A．Eyes being clsed t anther cat is defensive.
B．Almst all the cat facial expressins are friendly.
C．Living with humans influences cats’ facial expressin.
D．Cats’ facial expressins can be regarded as just simple.
50．What wuld be the best title fr the text?
A．Cats Pull 276 Different Faces.B．Mst f the Cats Can Grin.
C．The Ways Cats Prduce Facial Signals.D．Cats’ Facial Muscle Mvement.
（2024·江西吉安·一模）As a mushrm scientist, yu are vastly utnumbered, with estimates suggesting that there are between 2.2 millin and 3.8 millin species f fungi (真菌), the majrity f which are yet t be identified. Hwever, prfessinals in the field are nt alne in their effrts t uncver new species. An enthusiastic cmmunity f amateurs has emerged, bridging the gap between prfessinals and nn-prfessinals. These amateurs have even made significant discveries. One such amateur is Taylr Lckwd, a 74-year-ld mushrm enthusiast and prfessinal phtgrapher.
In 1984, while living n the Mendcin cast f Califrnia, Taylr Lckwd develped a fascinatin with mushrms. “Outside my cttage were these amazing mushrms,” he says. “And it was as if these mushrms lked at me and said, ‘Taylr, g ut and tell the wrld hw pretty we are.’” Lckwd answered their call and purchased camera equipment t capture their true nature. His passin fr phtgraphing mushrms was s intense that he wuld even dig hles next t the mushrms t get the perfect angle fr his shts.
In the Mnngahela Natinal Frest, Taylr Lckwd discvered an unusual mushrm that lked like tiny fingers wearing ff-white glves. Upn deeper investigatin, fungi researcher Amy Rssman cnfirmed that it was a “hazel glve” mushrm, which is a rare find. “Mushrms are nt like plants,” Rssman says. “They dn’t cme up at the same time every year, and s smetimes it can be decades between when a fungus fruits.” Rssman says that’s why it’s s valuable t have peple like Taylr Lckwd searching thrugh the frest with a trained eye.
A few years ag, Taylr Lckwd realized that still phts weren’t sufficient, s he chse t create time-lapse (延时拍摄的) vides f mushrms. “When I d time-lapse, I see s much life happening arund the mushrms—insects, wrms and ther small creatures interacting with them,” he says. Lckwd’s lve fr art is evident in his apprach t filming mushrms ver time. Althugh he appreciates the scientific aspect f his wrk, he identifies himself as an artist at heart.
51．What can we learn abut mushrm amateurs frm paragraph 1?
A．They keep clse track f the grwth f fungi.
B．They help identify new species f mushrm.
C．They replace prfessinal scientists in the field.
D．They classify the majrity f mushrm species.
52．What inspired Lckwd t phtgraph mushrms?
A．His desire fr knwledge.
B．His curisity abut nature.
C．The beauty f nearby mushrms.
D．The appeal f utdr phtgraphy.
53．Which f the fllwing best describes Lckwd accrding t paragraph 3?
A．Skilled and bservant.
B．Fcused and flexible.
C．Talented and ptimistic.
D．Organized and respnsible.
54．Why did Lckwd decide t make time-lapse vides f mushrms?
A．T imprve his phtgraphy techniques.
B．T capture dynamic life in an artistic way.
C．T cllect bilgical data fr deeper research.
D．T use a new apprach t scientific studies.
（2024·陕西西安·模拟预测）In a new study, researchers fund that invasive insects in the United States culd kill apprximately 1.4 millin urban trees by 2050, which wuld cst ver $900 millin t replace, reprts Vishwam Sankaran fr the Independent.
Ht spts predicted t have the mst urban tree mrtality (死亡率) were Milwaukee, Wiscnsin; Chicag, Illinis; and New Yrk, New Yrk. The study, published in the Jurnal f Applied Eclgy, is the first natinwide frecast f street tree mrtality frm invasive insects.
The emerald ash brer is an invasive beetle native t Asia. It was first detected in 2002 in sutheastern Michigan, and experts suspect it was brught int the United States n wd packing material carried n carg ships r airplanes traveling frm Asia. Since then, the bug has been damaging ash trees. In the last tw decades since the insect was first detected, numerus trees have been killed in Nrth America.
Data cllected frm 30,000 cmmunities acrss the cuntry was used t estimate tree mrtality in the next 30 years. The researchers cmbined this data with a mdel that predicted the spread f 57 different invasive insect species. Their results shw emerald ash brers alne culd cause 90% f the estimated 1.4 millin tree deaths. Ash brers are already predicted t “kill virtually all ash trees” in ver 6,000 urban areas, accrding t Newsweek.
Less than 25% f 30,000 urban areas in the U.S. are expected t experience 95% f all street-tree mrtality, reprts Adam Barnes fr the Hill. The areas that will experience the mst tree lss include cities in the Midwest and East Cast. These lcatins are expected t have the mst tree lss because large numbers f ash trees ccupy the streets and parks in these areas, reprted the Independent.
When it cmes t hw t save urban areas frm becming treeless, study authr Emma Hudgins, a bilgist at McGill University, says, “These results can hpefully prvide a cautinary tale against planting a single species f tree thrughut entire cities, as has been dne with ash trees in Nrth America. Planting varius trees prvides resilience against pest infestatins (侵扰).”
55．What can we knw abut the emerald ash brer?
A．It is an invasive beetle in Asia.
B．It was first fund by the Michigan peple.
C．It has killed numerus trees in America.
D．They definitely enter the U.S. by carg ships r airplanes.
56．What is the furth paragraph intended t describe?
A．The purpse f the research.B．The cnclusin f the research.
C．The significance f the research.D．The prcess and result f the research.
57．What can be inferred frm the fifth paragraph?
A．Pest infestatins are taking place acrss the cuntry.
B．The insect’s invasin wn’t spread equally in America.
C．Tree lss is the main cause f envirnmental prblems.
D．Ash trees are being remved frm many areas in the U.S.
58．What suggestin des Emma Hudgins prvide?
A．Getting different types f trees planted.
B．Replacing freign trees with lcal nes.
C．Getting mre trees planted in mre areas.
D．Planting trees resistant t pest infestatins.
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