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新高考英语二轮复习专题突破课件专题01 阅读理解细节理解题
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这是一份新高考英语二轮复习专题突破课件专题01 阅读理解细节理解题，共32页。PPT课件主要包含了content，选项特征，解题技巧详解，高频同义词，Part 01，解题思维导图，Part 02，考法1 直接信息题，考法2 间接信息题，考法3 数字计算题等内容，欢迎下载使用。
“带着问题找答案”先从题干中提取关键性词语(题眼)，然后以此为线索，运用略读及寻读的技巧快速在文章中寻找与此关键词相关的段落、语句，快速定位该题与哪一段哪一句有关，然后仔细推敲，仔细比较所给选项与文中细节的细微区别，在准确理解细节的前提下，最后确定答案。简言之，可采用“一找二定三比对”的方法。
做题小技巧：1.若针对特殊标点符号,举例子,名人名言出题,只需要阅读符号，例子,名言前后的内容，然后与选项核对。2.在出现一些关键词，如hwever、but、mrever、therefre、 thus时，要特别注意句子前后意义的转折，递进，因果等关系。3.细节题的答案一般是同义替换项或者同义转换项 4.选项中有绝对语气词的一般不是答案。如：must, never, the mst, all, merely, nly, have t, any, n, cmpletely, nne,等。但不是绝对，也有例外。5.注意选项中的副词，形容词和介词短语等与原文是否一致。如： must, may, ften, shuld, usually, might, mst, mre r less, likely, all, never，few 等存在程度不同，经常被偷换，往往被忽视。6.细节题干扰项特点：与原文内容相反；与原文内容一半相符，一半不同；叙述过于绝对化；原文没有提及.
【2022宝山二模】GENNY takes air in and passes it thrugh a filter t remve dust and dirt. The filter is pwerful enugh t wrk even in areas with high air pllutin. The air then passes thrugh a chamber where heating and cling cause water vapr in the air t cndense(凝结). This water is then passed thrugh several mre filters and minerals are added t make it healthier and taste better. Finally, the water is stred in a tank where it is cntinually circulated t keep it fresh.57. What des GENNY accmplish by adding ingredients t the water?A. It satisfies lcal water regulatins.B. It imprves the flavr f the water.C. It prepares the water fr shipment abrad.D. It keeps the water at the right temperature.
该类题的特点是试题题干或选项中的关键词语通常使用同义词或近义词甚至反义词来替换文中的相关细节信息,例如,使用bk对文中的reserve进行同义转换,用less different对文中的mre in cmmn进行同义转换。
【2022虹口二模】New analysis f these scans revealed that activity in the same regins Chen’s grup had accurately pinted ut in mice, the aDCN, appeared t be significantly disturbed in humans with Prader-Willi syndrme. In healthy individuals, the aDCN were mre active in respnse t fd images while fasting than just after a meal, but n such difference was identifiable in participants with the disrder. The result suggested that the aDCN were invlved in cntrlling hunger.44. Accrding t the prject cnducted by the researchers, ________.A. the healthy testees were mre likely t vereat after fastingB. fd images increased the appetite f the testees with Prader-Willi syndrmeC. the aDCN in the healthy testees respnded t fd images mre actively after fastingD. the aDCN in the testees with Prader-Willi syndrme made n respnse t fd images
此类题要求考生对具体细节信息,尤其是年龄、时间、数量等数字信息进行加工,但此类试题的重点不在于计算,而在于考查考生对具体信息的处理能力,故试题设置的计算一般比较简单。
【2022徐汇二模】S far, the wrld has relied n wd, il, cal, and natural gas t prduce energy fr heating, lighting, transprtatin, and manufacturing. Since the 1950s, wrld cnsumptin has been increasing persistently. In the year 2000, 80 percent f cmmercial energy was generated frm the cmbustin f fssil fuels, and every day, 50 millin barrels f il are reined (支配) and cnverted t gasline and ther fuels. In additin t the rapid exhaustin f fssil fuels, the cnsequences f high cnsumptin rates are pllutin and glbal warming.64. Hw lng has the wrld been in high speed f burning fssil fuel fr energy?A.Fr half a century. B.Fr nearly sixty ver 70 years. D.Fr mre than a century.
为了增加细节理解题的难度,命题人有时候也会从考查考生信息综合能力的角度来命题,虽然各细节信息在文章中都能找到,但需要考生进行综合分析之后,才能得出答案。
同义替换指对原文句子中的关键词进行同义替换。如把lse ne's jb换成了be ut f wrk。有些细节理解题把原文中的一些词变换一下词性，如把imprtant变换成f imprtance；改变原文中句子的语态，如主动语态与被动语态的转换。信息归纳用精炼的语言来概括原文中比较分散或复杂的信息，设置为正确答案。正话反说把原文中的意思反过来表达而成为正确选项。原文原词利用原文原词作为正确选项。
张冠李戴是原文信息，但不是题目要求的内容。无中生有符合常识，但不是文章的内容。曲解文意与原文的内容极其相似，只是在某个细节处有些变动。颠倒是非在意思上与原文大相径庭甚至完全相反。正误参半部分正确，部分错误。
Bk=reserve=rderCnduct=carry utPlease=amuse=entertainImprve=prmteGuarantee=ensureDcument=recrdPreserve=prtectRuin=destry=damage=vilateDeclare=annunce=infrmDivide=separate=part with
cmplete = fulfill =accmplish= achieveDelay=put ff=pstpneGive=supply=prvide=fferIgnre=turn ne’s back tOveruse=abuseencurage = mtivate =stimulate = spurReject=refuse=turn dwn=declineReceive=acceptSee=bserve=ntice=sptSearch=explre
Cnnect=link=relate=assciateExplde=blw utDiscurage=frustraterent=hirePrve=turn utRemve=get rid fAdmire=appreciatePssess=wnDecide=determine=reslve t dGet= btain= acquire= gain= pssess
Data=statisticsNvel=fictinFeature=characteristicsCareer=ccupatinManners=etiquetteGratitude=appreciatinExperiement=trialPersnality=characterStress=pressureOrigin=pineer
Circumstance=envirnment=atmsphereOpprtunity=chanceCreatin=innvatinCmment=remark=review(make a cmment n)Achievement=recgnitinOptin=chice=selectinMaterial=resurceLuggage=baggage=packageRule=regulatin=principle
Directin=discipline=guidelineClleague=cwrkerEssay=passage=article=textApprach=way=methd=means
Delicius=tastyAttentive=fcusedOriginal=initialFinal=eventualObvius=evident=StrikingAccurate=exactOutstanding=brilliant=excellent=remarkable=distinctiveAuthentic=true=genuineThrilling=frighteningThrilled=excited
Average=rdinary=cmmn=universalTime-hnred=has a lng histryDull=bringDaring=braveExtra=additinalGlad=pleased=delightedTuched=mvedSignificant=vital=key=essential=primary=elementaryAccessible=available=at handApprpriate=prper=suitable
Appealing=attractiveImmediately=quickly=at nce=in time=hurriedly(hurry)Rarely=hardly=seldmApprximately=abut=nearly=almst=practicallyCmplex=cmplicatedSafe=secure
Ahead f time=in advance=previusPlaces f interest=turist attractinResult in=lead t=cntribute tBe accustmed t=be used t dingMeet/satisfy/fulfill ne’s in=take part in=participate in=invlve in=be engaged inGet ready fr=be prepared frFcus n =cncentrate nTransfrm A int B=Turn A int B
In the lng term=in the lng a way=t sme degree=at sme pintHld n t=insistTake actin=take measures=take steps tKeep in tuch with=cntactIn sme respect=t sme degree=at sme pintDeal with=cpe with=handle with=addressAt the same time=meanwhileOn the spt=n the sceneBe prud f=take pride in
As a matter f fact=in fact=t tell yu the truthHead int=leave frArrive at=reach=get t=apprachIn spite f=despiteFrm ne’s perspective=frm ne’s pint f viewTry ding=attempt tBe filled with=be charged with=be full fPrefer t d A rather than d BPrefer A t BPrefer ding A t ding B
Run int=cme acrssTake the place f=replaceCme int effect= practice/useFrm time t time=nce in a whileBe caught in=be trapped inCnsist f =be made up fFr a mment=fr a whileG n=cntinueA cllectin f =a series f
Figure ut=find utBright up=light upRll arund=turn lecture=deliver a speechDraw ne’s attentin=attract ne’s attentin =raise ne’s awarenessBe desperate fr=desire fr=be thirsty frIn favr f=favrable
“带着问题找答案”先从题干中提取关键性词语(题眼)，然后以此为线索，运用略读及寻读的技巧快速在文章中寻找与此关键词相关的段落、语句，快速定位该题与哪一段哪一句有关，然后仔细推敲，仔细比较所给选项与文中细节的细微区别，在准确理解细节的前提下，最后确定答案。简言之，可采用“一找二定三比对”的方法。
做题小技巧：1.若针对特殊标点符号,举例子,名人名言出题,只需要阅读符号，例子,名言前后的内容，然后与选项核对。2.在出现一些关键词，如hwever、but、mrever、therefre、 thus时，要特别注意句子前后意义的转折，递进，因果等关系。3.细节题的答案一般是同义替换项或者同义转换项 4.选项中有绝对语气词的一般不是答案。如：must, never, the mst, all, merely, nly, have t, any, n, cmpletely, nne,等。但不是绝对，也有例外。5.注意选项中的副词，形容词和介词短语等与原文是否一致。如： must, may, ften, shuld, usually, might, mst, mre r less, likely, all, never，few 等存在程度不同，经常被偷换，往往被忽视。6.细节题干扰项特点：与原文内容相反；与原文内容一半相符，一半不同；叙述过于绝对化；原文没有提及.
【2022宝山二模】GENNY takes air in and passes it thrugh a filter t remve dust and dirt. The filter is pwerful enugh t wrk even in areas with high air pllutin. The air then passes thrugh a chamber where heating and cling cause water vapr in the air t cndense(凝结). This water is then passed thrugh several mre filters and minerals are added t make it healthier and taste better. Finally, the water is stred in a tank where it is cntinually circulated t keep it fresh.57. What des GENNY accmplish by adding ingredients t the water?A. It satisfies lcal water regulatins.B. It imprves the flavr f the water.C. It prepares the water fr shipment abrad.D. It keeps the water at the right temperature.
该类题的特点是试题题干或选项中的关键词语通常使用同义词或近义词甚至反义词来替换文中的相关细节信息,例如,使用bk对文中的reserve进行同义转换,用less different对文中的mre in cmmn进行同义转换。
【2022虹口二模】New analysis f these scans revealed that activity in the same regins Chen’s grup had accurately pinted ut in mice, the aDCN, appeared t be significantly disturbed in humans with Prader-Willi syndrme. In healthy individuals, the aDCN were mre active in respnse t fd images while fasting than just after a meal, but n such difference was identifiable in participants with the disrder. The result suggested that the aDCN were invlved in cntrlling hunger.44. Accrding t the prject cnducted by the researchers, ________.A. the healthy testees were mre likely t vereat after fastingB. fd images increased the appetite f the testees with Prader-Willi syndrmeC. the aDCN in the healthy testees respnded t fd images mre actively after fastingD. the aDCN in the testees with Prader-Willi syndrme made n respnse t fd images
此类题要求考生对具体细节信息,尤其是年龄、时间、数量等数字信息进行加工,但此类试题的重点不在于计算,而在于考查考生对具体信息的处理能力,故试题设置的计算一般比较简单。
【2022徐汇二模】S far, the wrld has relied n wd, il, cal, and natural gas t prduce energy fr heating, lighting, transprtatin, and manufacturing. Since the 1950s, wrld cnsumptin has been increasing persistently. In the year 2000, 80 percent f cmmercial energy was generated frm the cmbustin f fssil fuels, and every day, 50 millin barrels f il are reined (支配) and cnverted t gasline and ther fuels. In additin t the rapid exhaustin f fssil fuels, the cnsequences f high cnsumptin rates are pllutin and glbal warming.64. Hw lng has the wrld been in high speed f burning fssil fuel fr energy?A.Fr half a century. B.Fr nearly sixty ver 70 years. D.Fr mre than a century.
为了增加细节理解题的难度,命题人有时候也会从考查考生信息综合能力的角度来命题,虽然各细节信息在文章中都能找到,但需要考生进行综合分析之后,才能得出答案。
同义替换指对原文句子中的关键词进行同义替换。如把lse ne's jb换成了be ut f wrk。有些细节理解题把原文中的一些词变换一下词性，如把imprtant变换成f imprtance；改变原文中句子的语态，如主动语态与被动语态的转换。信息归纳用精炼的语言来概括原文中比较分散或复杂的信息，设置为正确答案。正话反说把原文中的意思反过来表达而成为正确选项。原文原词利用原文原词作为正确选项。
张冠李戴是原文信息，但不是题目要求的内容。无中生有符合常识，但不是文章的内容。曲解文意与原文的内容极其相似，只是在某个细节处有些变动。颠倒是非在意思上与原文大相径庭甚至完全相反。正误参半部分正确，部分错误。
Bk=reserve=rderCnduct=carry utPlease=amuse=entertainImprve=prmteGuarantee=ensureDcument=recrdPreserve=prtectRuin=destry=damage=vilateDeclare=annunce=infrmDivide=separate=part with
cmplete = fulfill =accmplish= achieveDelay=put ff=pstpneGive=supply=prvide=fferIgnre=turn ne’s back tOveruse=abuseencurage = mtivate =stimulate = spurReject=refuse=turn dwn=declineReceive=acceptSee=bserve=ntice=sptSearch=explre
Cnnect=link=relate=assciateExplde=blw utDiscurage=frustraterent=hirePrve=turn utRemve=get rid fAdmire=appreciatePssess=wnDecide=determine=reslve t dGet= btain= acquire= gain= pssess
Data=statisticsNvel=fictinFeature=characteristicsCareer=ccupatinManners=etiquetteGratitude=appreciatinExperiement=trialPersnality=characterStress=pressureOrigin=pineer
Circumstance=envirnment=atmsphereOpprtunity=chanceCreatin=innvatinCmment=remark=review(make a cmment n)Achievement=recgnitinOptin=chice=selectinMaterial=resurceLuggage=baggage=packageRule=regulatin=principle
Directin=discipline=guidelineClleague=cwrkerEssay=passage=article=textApprach=way=methd=means
Delicius=tastyAttentive=fcusedOriginal=initialFinal=eventualObvius=evident=StrikingAccurate=exactOutstanding=brilliant=excellent=remarkable=distinctiveAuthentic=true=genuineThrilling=frighteningThrilled=excited
Average=rdinary=cmmn=universalTime-hnred=has a lng histryDull=bringDaring=braveExtra=additinalGlad=pleased=delightedTuched=mvedSignificant=vital=key=essential=primary=elementaryAccessible=available=at handApprpriate=prper=suitable
Appealing=attractiveImmediately=quickly=at nce=in time=hurriedly(hurry)Rarely=hardly=seldmApprximately=abut=nearly=almst=practicallyCmplex=cmplicatedSafe=secure
Ahead f time=in advance=previusPlaces f interest=turist attractinResult in=lead t=cntribute tBe accustmed t=be used t dingMeet/satisfy/fulfill ne’s in=take part in=participate in=invlve in=be engaged inGet ready fr=be prepared frFcus n =cncentrate nTransfrm A int B=Turn A int B
In the lng term=in the lng a way=t sme degree=at sme pintHld n t=insistTake actin=take measures=take steps tKeep in tuch with=cntactIn sme respect=t sme degree=at sme pintDeal with=cpe with=handle with=addressAt the same time=meanwhileOn the spt=n the sceneBe prud f=take pride in
As a matter f fact=in fact=t tell yu the truthHead int=leave frArrive at=reach=get t=apprachIn spite f=despiteFrm ne’s perspective=frm ne’s pint f viewTry ding=attempt tBe filled with=be charged with=be full fPrefer t d A rather than d BPrefer A t BPrefer ding A t ding B
Run int=cme acrssTake the place f=replaceCme int effect= practice/useFrm time t time=nce in a whileBe caught in=be trapped inCnsist f =be made up fFr a mment=fr a whileG n=cntinueA cllectin f =a series f
Figure ut=find utBright up=light upRll arund=turn lecture=deliver a speechDraw ne’s attentin=attract ne’s attentin =raise ne’s awarenessBe desperate fr=desire fr=be thirsty frIn favr f=favrable
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