新高考英语二轮复习题型归纳与变式演练专题15 说明文类七选五（2份打包，原卷版+解析版）

这是一份新高考英语二轮复习题型归纳与变式演练专题15 说明文类七选五（2份打包，原卷版+解析版），文件包含新高考英语二轮复习题型归纳与变式演练专题15说明文类七选五原卷版doc、新高考英语二轮复习题型归纳与变式演练专题15说明文类七选五解析版doc等2份试卷配套教学资源，其中试卷共105页， 欢迎下载使用。

新题型七选五其实跟传统题型完形填空有相似之处，完形填空空出的是词，而七选五空出的是句子，但是他们的考察方式都是一样的，只要考生选择的答案能够使行文连贯，符合英文的语法以及习惯表达就行，因此，这两类题型在做题方法上有共通之处。另外，从该题型给出的选项中我们可以发现一些特点：该题型选项大致可分为主旨概括句（文章整体内容）、过渡性句子（文章结构）和注释性句子（上下文逻辑意义）三类。
另外两个多余的干扰项也可以通过这三个特点来排除，例如主旨概括句要么过于宽泛要么以偏概全或偏离主题，过渡性句子不能反映文章的行文结构，注释性句子与上文脱节等。根据这些，我们总结一些关于七选五的做题方法供大家参考。
一、解题技能训练
1. 考情分析
阅读理解七选五要求从短文后的七个选项中（均为完整的句子）选出五个能填入文章空处的最佳选项，主要考查考生对文章的整体内容和结构以及上下文逻辑意义的理解和掌握。其命题形式深受英语四六级和考研阅读多项选择题的影响，体现了《新课标》＂用英语获取、处理和运用信息的能力；逐步获取用英语思维的能力。＂的阅读学习和教学理念。该题型命题形式仍然具有客观题的特点，又与完形填空具有异曲同工之妙，只是选项少，以句子形式出现，考查目的和侧重点不完全相同而已。
从《考试说明》对该题型命题目的的表述＂主要考查考生对文章的整体内容和结构以及上下文逻辑意义的理解和掌握。＂可以得出以下判断：该题备选项可分为主旨概括句（文章整体内容）、过渡性句子（文章结构）和注释性句子（上下文逻辑意义）三类。其多余的两个干扰项也往往从这三方面进行设置，例如主旨概括句或过于宽泛或以偏概全或偏离主题，过渡性句子不能反映文章的行文结构，注释性句子与上文脱节等。
文章体裁以说明文为主，语篇模式较为固定：提出问题——提供解决方案。文章题材较为固定：与学生的日常生活学习紧密相关。
2. 考试方向
分析篇章结构，把握全篇文脉是阅读填空题解题的关键，英语的语篇（discurse）通常是由句子和语段（sentence grup）构成的，语段是句子和语篇之间的中间层次，句子虽然能够单独地表达相对完整的思想，但是它不能表达多方面的、比较复杂的思想，只有把几个句子结合为较大的言语片段，才能表达一个相对独立的层意，所谓的＂积句而成章，积章而成篇。＂就是这个道理。
分析文章的层次包含两种形式：一种是分析整篇文章的层次，也就是段落，另一种是分析每一个段落内部的层次，也就是语篇层次。
语篇与段落是有区别的，语段是篇章结构的中间层次，是由句子到篇的一种过渡形式，段落（paragraph）是在某些语体（如记叙文、议论文）中比语段更大的意义单位，较小的段落可以只包括一个语段或一个句子，一般来说，一个段落通常由几个语段构成。构成语段的方式有两种，一是靠句际间意义的结合，二是靠句际间的关联词，逻辑性插入语来连接，在分析语段层次时，可以借助句际间的连接词语作出判断，但最主要的还是要真正体会句际间的意义关系，把握作者的思路，从语序上去发现断续点，理清层次，好文章的层次非常清晰，只有层层入手，才能真正理解文章。
3. 答题策略

跟完形填空不一样，七选五的答案选项较少，并且给出的都是句子，因此，我们可以通过句子的完整性或者句子后面的标点符号来判断该句在文章中的位置。另外，通过阅读选项，有可能找出跟其它选项表达完全不同意思的句子，这样的话我们就可以直接将该选项排除。
由于七选五空出的是整个句子，而这些句子与句子之间，必然有一种联系，因此我们可以通过选项中某个名词或动词跟空前或空后的一致性或者相关性来确定这两个句子之间有一种关联性，从而选择正确的答案。
在做这类题目的时候，一定要注意句子中出现的人称代词或者指示代词，因为我们知道，代词是指代一个名词或者一个句子的，然后通过代词在句子中所做的成分我们可以推断出它指代的句子的类型，我们要做的就是从选项中找这类句型就可以了。
如果选项中或空前出现特殊疑问词，一定要把这句话仔细读几遍，因为对于不同特殊疑问词的回答方式是不一样的，比如对why的回答，后面要有because等表原因的词，对when的回答，后面要有表时间的状语，对where的回答，后面要有表地点的名词，对hw的回答，后面要有方式状语等。
如一些表示转折的连词，but，Hwever，yet，thugh，nevertheless等，另外还有一些表示并列关系的连词如and，als，as well as，neither nr，either r，nt als，n the ne the ther hand等。因为这些连词可以表现句子与句子之间的关系，通过不同的连词我们可以推知句子与句子之间不同的关系。

二、解题技巧详解

第一步：看位置⇨定类型
句子在段中的位置不同，所起的作用也不同。命题人之所以采用段首、段中和段尾三种挖空方式，正是利用挖空位置的暗示作用和挖空上下文的提示作用，来考查考生的逻辑思维能力。段首、段中、段尾题在文中所起的作用可归纳为下表：
例子1…
●__40__ If yu wrk ut bright and early in the mrning, yu will be mre likely t stick t healthy fd chices thrughut the day. Wh wuld want t ruin their gd wrkut by eating junk fd? Yu will want t cntinue t fcus n psitive chices.
…
A．Yu will stick t yur diet.
B．Yur quality f sleep imprves.
C．Yu prefer healthy fd t fast fd.
D．There is n reasn yu shuld exercise in the mrning.
E．Yu can keep yur head clear fr 4－10 hurs after exercise.
F．After yu exercise, yu cntinue t burn calries thrughut the day.
G．If yu are planning t d exercise regularly, r yu're ding it nw, then listen up!
例子2
…
●Yur metablism (新陈代谢) gets a head start. __38__ If yu wrk ut in the mrnings, then yu will be getting the calrie (卡路里) burning benefits fr the whle day, nt in yur sleep.
…
A．Yu will stick t yur diet.
B．Yur quality f sleep imprves.
C．Yu prefer healthy fd t fast fd.
D．There is n reasn yu shuld exercise in the mrning.
E．Yu can keep yur head clear fr 4－10 hurs after exercise.
F．After yu exercise, yu cntinue t burn calries thrughut the day.
G．If yu are planning t d exercise regularly, r yu're ding it nw, then listen up!

例子3…
The large clr decisins in yur rms cncern the walls, ceilings, and flrs. Whether yu're lking at wallpaper r paint, the time, effrt and relative expense put int it are significant. __40__.
A．While all f them are useful
B．Whatever yu're lking fr
C．If yu're experimenting with a clr
D．Small clr chices are the nes we're mst familiar with
E．It's nt really a gd idea t use t many small clr pieces
F．S it pays t be sure, because yu want t get it right the first time
G．Clr chices in this range are a step up frm the small nes in tw majr ways

第二步：由类型⇨定技法
1.主旨概括题
主旨概括题主要考查考生对文章或段落进行概括的能力，它要求考生在阅读文章时，能够提炼其中心思想，体会作者的写作意图，充分运用概括能力提取文章的主题、观点以及作者的情感态度。这类题常以考查段落标题为主，设题位置一般在段首，有时总结性的语句也会出现在段中或段尾。这类题有时也会考查整篇文章的主旨大意，即文章的主题句，一般会在首段设空。概括起来讲，命题人通常从两个方面设题：①概括文章或段落的主题句或结论性语句；②段落标题。
解答主旨概括题通常采用浏览的方式，即重点搜索本段的主题线索词并快速理清主旨大意，然后浏览选项，准确判定出与主旨大意匹配的选项。
例子3
●__39__ Studies fund that peple wh wke up early fr exercise slept better than thse wh exercised in the evening. Exercise energizes yu, s it is mre difficult t relax and have a peaceful sleep when yu are very excited.
A．Yu will stick t yur diet.
B．Yur quality f sleep imprves.
C．Yu prefer healthy fd t fast fd.
D．There is n reasn yu shuld exercise in the mrning.
E．Yu can keep yur head clear fr 4－10 hurs after exercise.
F．After yu exercise, yu cntinue t burn calries thrughut the day.
G．If yu are planning t d exercise regularly, r yu're ding it nw, then listen up!
2.语段过渡题
语段过渡题所涉及的句子是过渡句，具有承上启下的作用，该题型主要考查考生对篇章的理解能力和对上下文之间逻辑关系的分析能力。其设空位置比较灵活，可位于段尾、段首或段中。解这类题通常可采用位置判断法。
如果设空位于段首，要前瞻后望找提示，即阅读上一段结尾部分，通常正确答案与之衔接，并结合本段内容，看所选的答案是否能将两段内容连贯起来。
如果设空位于段中，重点阅读该空的前一句和后一句，找出它们之间的逻辑关系或根据意义的连贯性得出答案；如果还没有把握，再分析该段的中心句。
如果设空位于段尾，在选项中找不出与前文之间的关联时，可考虑与下一段开头之间的衔接。仔细阅读下一段开头几句，看是否能与所选选项紧密连接起来。
例子4
Medium clr chices are generally furniture pieces such as sfas, dinner tables r bkshelves. __39__. They require a bigger cmmitment than smaller nes, and they have a mre pwerful effect n the feeling f a space.
A．While all f them are useful
B．Whatever yu're lking fr
C．If yu're experimenting with a clr
D．Small clr chices are the nes we're mst familiar with
E．It's nt really a gd idea t use t many small clr pieces
F．S it pays t be sure, because yu want t get it right the first time
G．Clr chices in this range are a step up frm the small nes in tw majr ways
3.细节线索题
细节线索类的试题要求考生更加注重文章中的细节，比如某个关键的单词或数字等。解答这类试题经常用到的方法有：词汇复现法、词汇同现法、代词线索法、逻辑关系线索法等。
1．词汇复现法
复现法是保证文章前后衔接而经常使用的一种写作手段，即在文章中不同的位置对同一个概念进行重复描述，从而使得同样的意思在文章中不同的地方重复出现。复现的形式主要包括原词复现、同(近)义词复现、反义词复现等。考生可利用文章的这一特点，在解题时注意选项中出现的与正文意思相同、相近或相反的词。
例子5
__38__. They're the little spts f clr like thrw pillws, mirrrs and baskets that mst f us use t add visual interest t ur rms. Less tiring than painting yur walls and less expensive than buying a clrful sfa, small clr chices bring with them the significant benefit f being easily changeable.
A．While all f them are useful
B．Whatever yu're lking fr
C．If yu're experimenting with a clr
D．Small clr chices are the nes we're mst familiar with
E．It's nt really a gd idea t use t many small clr pieces
F．S it pays t be sure, because yu want t get it right the first time
G．Clr chices in this range are a step up frm the small nes in tw majr ways
2．词汇同现法
词汇同现是指属于同一词汇范畴或者某一领域的词汇在文章中同时出现，达到语意衔接的目的。一般来说，上下文中词汇的范畴越小，上下文的衔接关系越紧密。
例子6
I was, nevertheless, talked int ging n anther fun­filled hliday in the wilderness.__38__ Instead, we had a pp­up camper with cmfrtable beds and an air cnditiner.My nature­lving friends had remembered t bring all the necessities f life.
A．This time there was n tent.
B．Things are ging t be imprved.
C．The trip they tk me n was a rugh ne.
D．I was t learn a lt abut camping since then, hwever.
E．I must say that I have certainly cme t enjy camping.
F．After the trip, my family became quite interested in camping.
G．There was n shade as the trees were n mre than 3 feet tall.
3．代词线索法
英语文章中代词出现的频率极高，代词一般用来指代前面提及的名词，考生如果能巧妙地利用这样的指代关系或根据代词的单复数就可以准确而快速地解题。
例子7
Over the years, there have been a number f different techniques t help designers apprach this imprtant pint. __37__， they can get a little cmplex. But gd news is that there're really nly three kinds f decisins yu need t make abut clr in yur hme: the small nes, the medium nes, and the large nes.
A．While all f them are useful
B．Whatever yu're lking fr
C．If yu're experimenting with a clr
D．Small clr chices are the nes we're mst familiar with
E．It's nt really a gd idea t use t many small clr pieces
F．S it pays t be sure, because yu want t get it right the first time
G．Clr chices in this range are a step up frm the small nes in tw majr ways
4．逻辑关系线索法
一篇文章往往是一个有机的整体，各部分之间存在着一定的联系。从逻辑意义上来看，句子与句子之间常常有并列、顺承、递进、转折、总分、解释、因果、过渡、例证等关系，有时甚至包含不止一种这样的关系。因此，理解阅读材料时一定要把握文章脉络，弄清其中的逻辑关系。如果文中或选项中出现了逻辑关系词，考生就可以利用其来进行推理判断；如果文中或选项中未出现逻辑关系词，这就需要考生全面理解文章大意，根据上下文语境弄清文章内在的逻辑关系，作出正确的判断。
例子8
If anyne had tld me three years ag that I wuld be spending mst f my weekends camping, I wuld have laughed heartily.Campers, in my eyes, were peple wh enjyed insect bites, ill­cked meals, and uncmfrtable sleeping bags.They had nthing in cmmn with me.__36__
The friends wh intrduced me t camping thught that it meant t be a pineer ...
I was, nevertheless, talked int ging n anther fun­filled hliday in the wilderness ...
have dne a lt f it since ...
__40(E)__ It must be true that sner r later, everyne finds his r her way back t nature.I recmmend that yu find yur way in style.
A．This time there was n tent.
B．Things are ging t be imprved.
C．The trip they tk me n was a rugh ne.
D．I was t learn a lt abut camping since then, hwever.
E．I must say that I have certainly cme t enjy camping.
F．After the trip, my family became quite interested in camping.
G．There was n shade as the trees were n mre than 3 feet tall.
例子9
...
●Recall (回忆) yur childhd memries
Our mdel f what a garden shuld be ften ges back t childhd. Grandma's rse garden and Dad's vegetable garden might be gd r bad, but that's nt what's imprtant. __39__ — hw being in thse gardens made us feel. If yu'd like t build a pwerful bnd with yur garden, start by taking sme time t recall the gardens f yur yuth. 40(G). Then g utside and wrk ut a plan t translate yur childhd memries int yur grwn­up garden. Have fun.
A．Knw why yu garden
B．Find a gd place fr yur wn garden
C．It's ur experience f the garden that matters
D．It's delightful t see s many beautiful flwers
E．Still thers may simply enjy being utdrs and clse t plants
F．Yu can prduce that kind f magical quality in yur wn garden, t
G．Fr each f thse gardens, write dwn the strngest memry yu have
例子10...
Unfrtunately, we've all been victims f betrayal. Whether we've been stlen frm, lied t, misled, r cheated n, there are different levels f lsing trust. Smetimes peple simply can't trust anymre. __37__ It's understandable, but if yu're willing t build trust in a relatinship again, we have sme steps yu can take t get yu there.
...
A．Learn t really trust yurself.
B．It is putting cnfidence in smene.
C．Stp regarding yurself as the victim.
D．Remember that yu can expect the best in return.
E．They've been t badly hurt and they can't bear t let it happen again.
F．This knwledge carries ver in their attitude tward their future relatinships.
G．Seeing the psitive side f things desn't mean yu're ignring what happened.


三、高考真题
一、2022年高考真题
【2022年新高考1卷】
Fitness Magazine recently ran an article titled “Five Reasns t Thank Yur Wrkut Partner.” One reasn was: “Yu’ll actually shw up if yu knw smene is waiting fr yu at the gym, ” while anther read: “___36___” With a wrkut partner, yu will increase yur training effrt as there is a subtle (微妙) cmpetitin.
S, hw d yu find a wrkut partner?
First f all, decide what yu want frm that persn. ___37___ Or d yu just want t be physically fit, able t mve with strength and flexibility? Think abut the exercises yu wuld like t d with yur wrkut partner.
Yu might think abut psting what yu are lking fr n scial media, but it prbably wn’t result in a useful respnse. ___38___ If yu plan n wrking ut in a gym, that persn must belng t the same gym.
My partner psted her request n the ntice bard f a lcal park. Her ntice included what kind f training she wanted t d, hw many days a week and hw many hurs she wanted t spend n each sessin, and her age. It als listed her favrite sprts and activities, and prvided her phne number. ___39___
Yu and yur partner will prbably have different skills. ___40___ Over time, bth f yu will benefit — yur partner will be able t lift mre weights and yu will becme mre physically fit. The cre (核心) f yur relatinship is that yu will always be there t help each ther.
A. Yur first meeting may be a little awkward.
B. A wrkut partner usually needs t live clse by.
C. Yu’ll wrk harder if yu train with smene else.
D. D yu want t be a better athlete in yur favrite sprt?
E. Hw can yu write a gd “seeking training partner” ntice?
F. Just accept yur differences and learn t wrk with each ther.
G. Any ntice fr a training partner shuld include such infrmatin.

【2022年新高考2卷】
Writing an essay is a difficult prcess fr mst peple. Hwever, the prcess can be made easier if yu learn t practice three simple techniques.
___16___ When yu are first trying t think f ideas fr an essay, put yur pen t yur paper and write nnstp fr ten r fifteen minutes withut letting yur pen leave the paper. Stay lse and free. ___17___ Dn’t wrry abut grammar r spelling. Even thugh this technique wn’t wrk fr everyne, it helps many peple get a gd stre f ideas t draw n.
The next technique is t write yur draft rapidly withut wrrying abut being perfect. ___18___ Yet, by learning t live with imperfectin, yu will save yurself headaches and a wastepaper basket full f crumpled (弄皱) paper. Think f yur first draft as a path cut ut f the jungle—as part f an explratin, nt as a cmplete highway.
The third technique is t try printing ut a triple—spaced (三倍行距) cpy t allw space fr revisin. ___19___ As a result, these writers never get in the habit f crssing ut chunks (大块) f their draft and writing revisins in the blank space. After yu have revised yur draft until it is t messy t wrk frm anymre, yu can enter yur changes int yur wrd prcessr. ___20___ The resulting blank space invites yu t revise.
A. Make sure yur handwriting is neat.
B. Let yur pen fllw the waves f thught.
C. The secnd draft f the essay shuld be better.
D. First f all, learn the technique f nnstp writing.
E. T many writers try t get their drafts right the first time.
F. Many beginning writers dn’t leave enugh space t revise.
G. Then yu can print ut a fresh draft, again setting yur text n triple-space.
【2022年全国甲卷】
Imprtant Things t Knw When Dining Out
Cultural dining etiquette (礼节) might surprise yu with sme f its imprtant rules. ___36___. Knwing sme tips will help ensure that yu have an enjyable meal with friends r family — n matter where yu are in the wrld.
Chpstick Rules
The way yu handle chpsticks is imprtant t avid annying yur cmpanins. When yu put them dwn between bites, always put them dwn tgether s they are parallel with the edge f the table in frnt f yu. ___37___.
Hands r Utensils (餐具)
In India and the Middle East, it’s cnsidered very rude t eat with yur left hand. Peple in France expect yu t eat with a utensil in each hand. ___38___, instead preferring t use their hands. In Chile, yu may never tuch any fd with yur fingers. Peple in Thailand generally use their frks nly t push fd nt their spns.
Making Requests
___39___. In Prtugal, this wuld be a serius mistake, because it shws the chef that yu dn’t like their seasning skills. Similarly, in Italy, never ask fr extra cheese t add t yur fd.
Sme f these cultural dining etiquette rules may seem randm and strange, but they are imprtant in varius cuntries. ___40___, the mre cmfrtable yu’ll begin t feel with its freign cultural practices.
A. The mre friends yu make in yur lifetime
B. The mre time yu spend in any given cuntry
C. Mexicans cnsider it inapprpriate t eat with utensils
D. Dn’t get caught making an embarrassing mistake at a restaurant
E. It’s a gd sign fr the chef if yu make a mess arund yur plate
F. Never stick them upright in yur fd r crss them as yu use them
G. It may seem like a simple request t ask fr salt and pepper at a meal

【2022年1月浙江卷】
I have the same 24 hurs in a day as yu d,but I have made specific chices that allw me t make the mst f every day,and still feel happy and relaxed 31
Pick the mst imprtant
32 Fcus n spending time that fr yu is fun and prductive . I chse the life f an adviser because I like t wrk with cmpanies ,but dn’t want the life f a big cmpany CEO. My chices are based n the lifestyle I want.
Cmbine yur activities
Many peple g crazy trying t figure ut hw t spend time with friends,family,wrk,play ,etc 33 Find ways t enjy them in a cmbined manner .Build yur scial life arund peple in yur wrk envirnment .Find peple in yur cmpany wh share cmmn interests and develp yur career (职业）arund the peple and activities yu lve.
34
Yu wuld think learning takes mre time frm yu,but actually there are always new ways f ding things that can save yu time n daily tasks,freeing yu up fr the mst imprtant .Always be lking fr a new way t gain back an hur here r there.
Lighten up
The wrld wn’t cme t an end in mst cases just because yu left a few things undne .Celebrate prgress and keep refining(改进)tward a happy prductive existence 35 .Every cmpletin is a small victry that adds up in a big way.
A.Speed up
B.Be an active learner
C.Stp trying t balance time between them all
D.Make chices abut what is meaningful in yur life
E.The things yu d well usually give yu greater jy
F.Perhaps these tips will help yu make the mst f yur time
G.This is why making lists is imprtant in any prductivity handbk

二、2021年高考真题
【2021年新高考1卷】
My husband and I just spent a week in Paris. 1 S the first thing we did was rent a fantastically expensive sixth-flr apartment the size f a cupbard. It was s tiny that we had t leave ur suitcases in the hallway.
The place wasn't entirely authentic, thugh. Unlike a nrmal Parisian apartment, the plumbing （水管）wrked. 2 Our building even had a tiny lift with a female vice that said, "Ouverture des prtes, " in perfect French. That is the nly French phrase I mastered, and it's a shame l dn't have much use fr it.
Parisians are different frm yu and me. They never lk lazy r untidy. As smene nted in this paper a cuple f weeks ag, they eat great fd and never gain weight. 3 French strawberries d nt taste like cardbard. Instead, they explde in yur muth like little flavr bmbs.
4 On ur first mrning in Paris, I went arund the crner t the fd market t pick up sme grceries. I bught a handful f perfectly ripe small strawberries and a little sweet meln. My husband and I agreed they were the best fruit we had ever eaten. But they cst ＄18!
In France, quality f life is much mre imprtant than efficiency （效率）. Yu can tell this by café life. French cafés are always crwded. 5 When d these peple wrk? The French take their 35-hur wrkweek seriusly—s seriusly that sme labr unins recently struck a deal with a grup f cmpanies limiting the number f hurs that independent cntractrs can be n call.
A.Nt all the custmers are turists.
B.The quality f life in France is equally excellent.
C.There was a nice kitchen and a cmfrtable bed.
D.The amazing fd is mainly cnsumed by lcal farmers.
E.That's nt the nly reasn the French eat less than we d.
F.Our aim was t see if we culd live, in sme way, like real Parisians.
G.The fd is s delicius that yu dn't need much f it t make yu happy.

【2021年全国甲卷】
Yu keep hearing abut recycling, right? But it desn't end with bttles, cans, and paper. Clthing takes a huge amunt f natural resurces （资源） t make, and buying lads f new clthing (r thrwing ut ld clthing) is nt healthy fr the envirnment. S what t d with all thse perfectly-gd-but-yu're-maybe-a-little-sick-f-them clthes piled n yur bedrm flr? 1 . It's the best way t get rid f yur used clthes, scre clthes frm yur friends, and have a party all at the same time.
A successful swap depends n the selectin f clthes, the rganizatin f the event, and, bviusly, hw much fun is had. It's really easy t d! Here are a few pinters.
• Invite 5-10 peple s yu have a nice selectin. 2 , and there may nt be enugh things t chse frm; mre than that, and it becmes uncntrllable.
• 3 . They shuld als prepare plenty f reusable bags t carry their "new" clthes hme.
• Put different types f clthing n different surfaces in the rm. 4 . Place a few mirrrs arund yur rm s peple can see hw things lk when they try them n. One f the grund rules f the swap shuld be that everyne must try n the clthes befre they take them —things always lk different when yu put them n.
• Set a starting time. Maybe yu say "g, " r turn n a certain sng, r whatever. 5 . And dn't frget t put ut sme ckies and fruits. Remember, it's a party!
A.Less peple than that
B.Hld a clthing swap
C.If tw peple are cmpeting
D.Just keep music playing thrughut
E.Dnate whatever clthes are left ver
F.Have everyne put their clthes in the right spts
G.Tell everyne t bring clean clthes in gd cnditin

【2021年全国乙卷】
Accrding t Jessica Hagy, authr f Hw t Be Interesting, it's nt difficult t make yurself interesting at a dinner party.
1 , if yu're ut f yur cmfrt zne r if yu're wandering int smebdy's huse fr the first time. S the main thing is just t shw up and be adventurus, trying different fds and talking t strangers.
Peple lve t talk abut themselves. If yu can start the cnversatin with a questin ther than "What d yu d fr a living? ", yu'll be able t get a lt mre interesting cnversatin ut f whmever it is yu're talking t. 2 , it can bring in "I have this ld, brken-dwn vehicle" r "I rde the bus with these crazy peple wh were laughing at silly jkes in the back." It just pens up cnversatin.
3 ? If yu can't take their wine away, yu shuld certainly try t take away their sapbx（讲台）. If yu're the hst, yu can ask them t help yu in the kitchen with smething and just remve them frm the situatin. 4 .
And what abut that ther dinner-party killer: awkward silence? If yu're faced with an awkward silence at a dinner party, the nly thing that always gets everyne talking again is t give the hst a cmpliment （赞扬）. 5 . Just quickly turn arund and say, "This cake is extremely delicius and yu have t tell me all abut it."
S being interesting at a dinner party isn't that hard.
A.Hw d yu knw the hst
B.The first step is t g explring
C.If yu ask the questin "Hw did yu get here?"
D.Be prepared t have awkward cnversatins with strangers
E.Or turn the cnversatin int a tpic where they have little t say
F.What abut that persn wh has had t much t drink r wn't stp talking
G.He r she is the persn wh is feeling the weight f that awkwardness the mst

【2021年6月浙江卷】
Yu've gt mail…and it's a pstcard
Paul Magalhaes, a 34-year-ld Prtuguese cmputer engineer, lves t pen his mailbx and find a brightly clred picture f Rme's Clsseum. Or Africa's Victria Falls. Or China's Great Wall. 1
"I ften send pstcards t family and friends, " he says t China Daily, "but yu can imagine that after a while, yu never receive as many as yu send, and yu realize that nt everyne is int it, 2 " Seeking ther like-minded suls, hwever, Paul started lking in a smewhat unlikely place: nline, Many wuld say the Internet is a place fr peple wh have given up n the traditinal pstal service, but Paul's hunch（直觉）paid ff.
Tday his hbby has develped int the website pstcrssing. cm, a scial netwrk that has grwn t 575, 217 registered users in 214 cuntries and regins since he started it 10 years ag. 3 Running the website has almst turned int a full-time jb.
Language is certainly a barrier fr many peple. Fr pstcrssing t wrk wrldwide, a cmmn cmmunicatin language is needed s that everyne can understand each ther. As cl as it may be t receive a pstcard written in Chinese, the cncept desn't wrk if ne desn't understand it. 4 S a cmmn language is required and in pstcrssing that's English since it's widely spken.
"Many peple in China have limited expsure t Engish. 5 That said, we knw f many pstcrssing members, including Chinese, wh have actually imprved their English skills thrugh their use f pstcrssing. " Paul says.
A.And that's ttally fine.
B.That makes it extra hard t learn and practice it.
C.He likes t think f sending pstcards as a family-friendly hbby.
D.Many lve t make a cnnectin with smene frm acrss the wrld.
E.On August 5, the number f pstcards exchanged by members tpped 31 millin.
F.Similarly, if yu speak nly Chinese, receiving a card in Swedish takes part f the fun away.
G.In shrt, he lves pstcards, and the excitement f getting a hand-written nte frm smene far away.

三、2020年高考真题
【2020·全国卷I】
A Few Tips fr Self-Acceptance
We all want it… t accept and lve urselves. But at times it seems t difficult and t far ut f reach. 36. Here’s a handful f ways that will set yu in the right directin.
●37. D nt fllw the peple wh make yu feel nt-gd-enugh. Why d yu fllw them? Are yu hping that eventually yu will feel empwered because yur life is better than theirs? Knw that yur life is yur wn;yu are the nly yu in this wrld.
●Frgive yurself fr mistakes that yu have made. We are ften ashamed f ur shrtcmings, ur mistakes and ur failures. 38. Yu will make mistakes, time and time again. Rather than getting caught up in hw yu culd have dne better, why nt ffer yurself a cmpassinate (有同情心) respnse? ＂That didn’t g as planned. But, I tried my best.＂
●Recgnize all f yur strengths. Write them dwn in a jurnal. Begin t train yur brain t lk at strength befre weakness. List all f yur accmplishments and achievements. Yu have a jb, earned yur degree, and yu gt ut f bed tday. 39.
●Nw that yu’ve listed yur strengths, list yur imperfectins. Turn the page in yur jurnal. Put int wrds why yu feel unwrthy, why yu dn’t feel gd enugh. Nw, read these wrds back t yurself. 40. Turn t a page in yur jurnal t yur list f strengths and achievements. See hw awesme yu are?
A. Feeling upset again?
B. Where d yu start?
C. Nthing is t small t celebrate.
D. Remember, yu are nly human.
E. Set an intentin fr self-acceptance.
F. Stp cmparing yurself with thers.
G. When des the cmparisn game start?

【2020·全国卷II】
Emji(表情符号) and Wrkplace Cmmunicatin
In Asia, messaging platfrms are grwing rapidly, with users in the hundreds f millins, bth at wrk and play. 36. . It’s been reprted that 76 percent f emplyees in sme western cuntries are using emjis at wrk.
Written cmmunicatins can ften read as cld and dull. Using emjis can add humr and feeling, keeping intentin clear. 37. , encuraging better and mre frequent cmmunicatin.
In any given ffice, emplyees can range frm age 22 t 70 and beynd, and finding cmmn grund in cmmunicatin style can be a challenge. 38. . While the yunger generatins prefer t cmmunicate visually, fr thse used t wrking with traditinal tls like email, it may feel like a learning curve(曲线). The gd news is that it’s simple t learn and can be wrth the effrt.
There is als the matter f tne(语气). Wh hasn’t received an email s annying that it ruined an entire day? 39. . Emji can help cmmunicatin feel friendlier, and even a serius nte can be sftened with an encuraging smile.
40. , and emji can cntribute directly t that psitive utcme. And when yur emplyees begin adding smiling emjis t their business cmmunicatin, yu’ll knw yu have succeeded in imprving yur wrk culture.
A. Message with emjis feel mre cnversatinal
B. Even a frmal email can seem cld and unfriendly
C. Sending smiling faces t clleagues may seem strange
D. The ppularity f these platfrms is spreading glbally
E.Giving emplyees the tls enables them t cmmunicate hnestly
F.Studies shw that friendlier cmmunicatin leads t a happier wrkplace
G.An easy way t bring all wrk generatins tgether is with a chat platfrm

【2020·全国卷III】
A husewarming party is a special party t be held when smene buys r mves int a new apartment r huse. The persn wh bught the huse r mved is the ne wh thrws the party. The party is a chance fr friends and family t cngratulate the persn n the new hme. 36. And it is gd time t fill the new space with lve and hpeful presents.
37. Sme peple register a list f things they want r need fr their new hme at a lcal stres. Sme cmmn things peple will put n a gift registry include kitchen tls like knives and things like curtains. Even if there isn’t a registry, a gd husewarming gift is smething t decrate the new huse with, like a piece f art r a plant.
38. This is ften appreciated since at a husewarming there isn’t a lt f fd served. There are usually n planned activities like games at a husewarming party. The hst r hstess f the party will, hwever, prbably give all the guests a tur f their new hme. Smetimes, because a husewarming party happens shrtly after a persn mves int their new hme, peple may be asked t help unpack bxes. 39.
Husewarming parties get their name frm the fact that a lng time ag peple wuld actually bring firewd t a new hme as a gift. 40. Nw mst hmes have central heating and dn’t use fires t keep warm.
A. This isn’t usual thugh.
B. It is traditinal t bring a gift t a husewarming party.
C. Yu can als bring fd r drinks t share with the ther guests.
D. If yu’re lucky enugh t receive gifts, keep them in a safe place.
E.It als gives peple a chance t see what the new hme lks like.
F.The best husewarming parties encurage ld friends t get tgether.
G.This was s that the persn culd keep their hme warm fr the winter.

【2020·山东卷】
Sme individuals are brn with a gift fr public speaking.16. D yu want t be a gd public speaker? Here are sme principles yu must master.
Peple want t listen t smene wh is interesting, relaxed and cmfrtable. T ften when yu stand up t give a speech, yu fcus n the “public”at the expense f the”speaking. “ 17. Fcus n the speaking. Talk directly t yur audience, be yurself and make a cnnectin.
Even the mst successful public speaker will make mistakes. Yet, the nly ne wh cares abut any mistake is the ne wh is speaking. Peple’s attentin wanders cnstantly. In fact,mst peple nly absrb abut 20 percent f a speaker’s message. S, dn’t stp speaking when yu make a mistake unless it’s a truly serius ne.18.
Yur gal is nt t be a perfect public speaker.19. And like everything else in life, that takes practice. Remember, even wrld champin athletes practice their skills n a cnsistent basis.
20. It’s rare t hear smene say, “I wish that speaker had spken lnger. “On the ther hand, yu prbably can’t cunt the times that yu’ve thught, “I’m glad that talk is ver. It seemed t g n frever! “S surprise yur audience. Always make yur presentatin just a bit shrter than anticipated. It’s better t leave yur listeners wishing fr mre than shifting restlessly in their seats waiting fr yur speech finally t end.
A. D the ppsite.
B. Yu want t be an effective public speaker.
C. Yu dn’ t need t aplgize fr a minr slip.
D. When it cmes t public speaking, less is usually mre.
E.The bjective f mst speeches is t benefit the audience
F.Take the fear ut f public speaking by fcusing n yur listeners
G.Hwever, the majrity f peple are effective speakers because they train t be.

【2020·浙江卷】
I experienced years f lneliness as a child. 31. His friends teased him abut babysitting his sister and his interests were far different frm mine. With n ther kids f my age in the neighbrhd, I had t spend hurs by myself.
A bright spt fr me turned ut t be reading. My lve f the written wrd began early as my mther read t me every evening. 32. I started reading bks n my wn befre age 5 and my mther tk me t the public library nce a week t brrw several bks. I quickly graduated frm typical children’s bks t nes with fewer pictures and lnger chapters. Reading pened new wrlds t me. 33.
My mther als encuraged me t make what I wanted. I tried making ty cars with cardbard bxes and cnstructing buildings frm leftver cardbard and bits f wd my father gave me. When my mther saw my creatins, she tld me hw creative my designs were. 34. I learned a lt abut hw t extend the life f bjects and transfrm them int smething new and useful. It was a trait(特点) thers fund helpful, and I sn had friends wh wanted t make things with me.
35. My parents made it a pint fr their tw kids t spend time utside, n matter the weather r seasn. My brther, f curse, raced ff t be with his friends, while I had plenty t d myself. There was making leaf huses in autumn, ice skating in winter, and s much mre. They’re all memries I treasure tday.
A. I wasn't alne any lnger.
B. I enjyed reading stries alud.
C. I was invited t play with anther kid.
D. I lved the clrful phtgraphs in the bks.
E. Anther habit I frmed early was being utdrs.
F.Thus, I began my lifelng interest in making things.
G.My lder brther culdn’t be bthered t play with me.

四、模拟演练
一、2022年模拟检测
【2022·河北·模拟预测】
It happens t all f us and can be beynd annyance, s why d we itch? Yu knw the feeling: There’s that spt n yur arm, leg r back that just itches and begs fr a deep, satisfying scratch. ____1____ N matter hw much yu scratch, it just can’t be satisfied.
As we all knw, itchy skin is a sensatin that makes us want t scratch—but as sn as yu satisfy that need, yu set ff smething called the itch-scratch cycle.____2____
The main reasn that yu feel itchy is that the skin cells r nerve endings near yur skin have becme annyed. ____3____ When yu itch, yu give yurself a scratch, the area f the bdy that yu have scratched releases chemicals including histamine, and it makes yu itch mre. That’s why we use antihistamines fr allergic reactins but they can als help fr insect bites and things like that.
____4____ The drier yur skin becmes, the mre likely the skin gets itchy. Hwever, it is smetimes caused nt frm the skin, but frm what yu see r hear. When yu hear smene else scratching their skin, r when yu see images that suggest itch, like a picture f being bitten by a msquit, yu get the urge t scratch. Peple with the allergic cnditin seem t be mre easily affected than thse withut the cnditin.____5____
A．Causes f itchy skin.
B．It is usually caused by dry skin.
C．It means yu are ging t end up feeling itchier.
D．Frtunately, there are ways yu can get rid f it.
E．Being aware f this phenmenn can help interrupt its effect.
F．But yu knw giving in t that desire will nly result in mre prblems.
G．Once yu start scratching, yur bdy creates a chemical reactin that makes yu itchier.

【2022·辽宁·一模】
There are many csts f having a negative attitude in the wrkplace. Emplyees wh dn't feel appreciated wrk less prductively. They can have cnflicts with ther members. Negative bsses spread their bad feelings t emplyees. Here are sme ways t develp a psitive spirit in yur wrkplace.
Be a mdel f kindness and respect. Emplyees lk up t their bsses fr an example f hw t behave in the wrkplace. ____6____ It is far better t be patient, kind, and respectful. This is a great way t bring psitivity t the wrkplace.
____7____ When emplyees are thanked fr their gd wrk, it gives them a warm feeling. Everyne likes t be appreciated, and emplyees ften til(辛苦工作) fr years withut being thanked fr their hard wrk. Even “thank yu” and a hand-shake g a lng way tward making an emplyee feel appreciated.
Make gals clear fr everyne. Having a cncrete gal t wrk tward gives emplyees directin and psitivity in the wrkplace. Emplyees like t knw that their hard wrk is directed tward a particular end. ____8____ This can be as simple as expressing yur pride during a staff meeting.
Put n a smile. Even if yu’re having a difficult day, yu can spread psitivity by smiling. When a bss is smiling, their emplyees find reasns t smile, t.____9____
Have an ffice wellness prgram. Have yur human resurces staff arrange a fitness prgram fr yur emplyees. ____10____ Dn't be punitive(惩罚性的) and tiring. Letting yur emplyees have a break t relax will make them happier and mre prductive.
A．Make it fun.
B．Encurage cmmunicatin.
C．Have an attitude f gratitude.
D．When the gals are reached, have a little celebratin.
E．When emplyees are nt listened t, they feel unappreciated.
F．If the bss is disrespectful, that will becme part f the cmpany culture.
G．Dealing with a bss wh is always serius makes the emplyees difficult t wrk with.

【2022·安徽·模拟预测】
Perhaps all f us want t leave gd impressins n thers at wrk. These impressins are like labels pinned n us, but ne f the best may be “knwledgeable”. If yu sund knwledgeable, yu’ll be taken seriusly at meetings and elsewhere. ____11____ The fllwing ways may be helpful.
____12____
If yu want t sund knwledgeable, frm a single idea frm the material yu’ve gathered, and deliver it clearly. N mater hw much yu knw n a tpic, the secret t audience engagement is t put it dwn t a single, cnvincing idea.
Say, “Here’s what I believe ...” Or “My pint is this ...” Be sure t state this idea in ne shrt, sharply fcused sentence. ____13____
Prvide a clear structure.
Once yu state yur idea, make the depth f yur knwledge clear by ffering prf pints that supprt yur ne idea. ____14____ They include Reasns, Ways, Steps in a Prcess, r a Challenge/Respnse. Give yur listeners clear signpsts as yu prceed thrugh yur structure. Use tags like “the first reasn,” “the secnd reasn,” r “The challenge we faced ...” and “Our respnse was ...
Simplify yur language.
The simpler yur wrds and sentences, the mre prfund yu’ll sund. Suppse a clleague reprting n a prject says: “The satisfactin f all parameters implicates the cmpletin f the prject mandate by Q4.” Hearing that, yu have every right t be puzzled. A truly knwledgeable clleague wuld simply say: “We expect t cmplete this prject by year end.”
____15____ Therefre, yu’d better chse simple wrds and shrt sentences. As Winstn Churchill said, “Shrt wrds are best, and the ld wrds when shrt are best f all”.
A．Chse prper materials.
B．True wisdm lies in simplicity.
C．Bil it dwn t ne message.
D．But what is a knwledgeable persn like?
E．These pints can be rganized in a variety f ways.
F．But what exactly des it take t sund knwledgeable?
G．it will center yur audience n a single meaningful thught.

【2022·河南洛阳·二模】
Why Yu Shuldn’t Exercise t Lse Weight
Many f us are starting (r restarting) exercise in hpes f lsing unwanted punds. Aiming t be mre active is gd. But if the main reasn is t lse weight, yur New Year’s reslutin culd be very well backfire.
____16____, we ften sur n it and stp wrking ut. In a study f 30 verweight peple wh participated in a 12-week exercise prgram and were interviewed afterward, this respnse was typical: “It was quite disappinting that I didn’t lse a single pund.____17____.”
Perhaps the biggest prblem with exercising t drp punds is that it turns physical activity int punishment—a price we have t pay fr a slimmer bdy. Hw many times have yu heard smene say (r said yurself) “I’ll d extra exercise” after eating t much during the hlidays r at a celebratry dinner?____18____. As a cnsequence, we’re unlikely t enjy it r t keep ding it.
The takeaway is that we see exercise psitively and actually d it when we fcus n ur well-being rather than ur weight. Fr sme, the mtivatin may be an imprved md r less stress. Others may find exercise makes them feel physically and mentally strnger.____19____. It can help reduce the risk f heart disease, cancer, clds, etc. It can als imprve sleep, make yu energetic, and prevent aging. What’s mre, exercise can prevent weight gain and imprve yur appearance.
____20____. It’s perhaps the mst imprtant thing yu can d fr yur health. But t imprve the chances f success, fcus n hw mvement helps yu feel better physically and emtinally—and frget abut hw it mves the needle n the scale.
A．It kind f made me give up
B．S by all means, try t exercise regularly in 2022
C．While it’s nt very helpful fr melting away punds
D．When exercise fails t meet ur weight-lss expectatins
E．The benefits f physical activity are well beynd these aspects
F．We treat exercise as a frm f self-punishment fr being “bad” in the past
G．Fr starters, exercise, at least the kind mst f us d, is typically ineffective fr weight lss

【2022·广东广州·一模】
Hw des it feel when yu slve yur prblem by yurself? Things may nt always g as planned, but being resurceful can help yu stay calm and wrk yur way ut f tricky situatins.
Being resurceful means finding smart and creative ways t slve a prblem, using whatever resurces yu have at the time. ____21____ They can als be anything else that’s useful, such as infrmatin, advice r yur wn experience. It als means trusting yur instincts, the ability yu’re brn with, rather than thrugh training and being cnfident abut yur ability t face challenges. A resurceful persn is nt the ne getting crss r panicking when smething ges wrng. They’re thinking abut hw t slve the prblem.
_____22_____ when we learn t prblem slve fr urselves rather than immediately ging t thers fr help, it can help t build ur cnfidence, help us feel mre independent, and feel better abut making decisins. Being resurceful may nt help yu avid prblems, but thinking creatively abut hw yu can deal with them will make yu feel less stressed and mre prepared next time. _____23_____ This can bst self-esteem, that is, hw yu feel abut yurself.
When yu’re facing a challenge, try t fcus n the actual prblem rather than hw yu feel abut it. Think abut where and when it happened and what the causes are. Next, think up as many slutins t the prblem as yu can. ____24____ Finally, review what has and hasn’t wrked, s yu’re equipped t deal with a situatin next time.
And remember, if yu have a tricky prblem that yu’re unable t slve, then ask a trusted adult fr help. ____25____
A．Yu als learn what yu’re gd at.
B．Here is hw yu can be mre resurceful.
C．These may be practical things like pens and paper.
D．N ne is expected t slve all prblems by themselves.
E．Resurcefulness is a skill that’s gd fr yu in lts f ways.
F．They can be famus mttes that always inspire us t mve n.
G．Weigh up what’s gd and bad abut each ne and chse the best.

【2022·全国·二模】
Cnfidence is at the heart f every successful persn and it hlds the key t success. Regardless f hw knwledgeable yu are in yur prfessinal field, if yu lack cnfidence yur success will be limited. ____26____ The fllwing are 3 key tricks yu may learn t increase yur cnfidence.
Knw yurself. Take a lng hard lk in the mirrr and make an hnest and accurate assessment f yur strengths and weaknesses. ____27____ as this will increase yur cnfidence. Meanwhile, take an effective apprach tward imprving yur weaknesses. We all have areas in ur prfessinal and persnal lives that need t be imprved. Ignring them des nt make them g away. ____28____
Dress fr success. Whether yu like it r nt, peple make judgments abut yu based upn hw yu dress. Yu nly have ne chance t make a gd first impressin. Frm a cnfidence perspective, hw yu dress directly reflects hw yu feel abut yurself. ____29____ if yu are wearing a business suit r sweat pants and a T-shirt. Therefre, be highly aware f yur appearance. Dress in a manner that reflects wh yu are and hw yu want t be perceived.
____30____. Yu can increase yur cnfidence by seeking ut ne new challenge at a time. Research shws cnfident peple cnsistently seek ut new challenges. Mve n t the next ne when ne challenge is successfully achieved. Success builds upn itself, therefre, success brings success—all fueled by increased cnfidence!
A．Steady as yu g
B．Put pressure n yurself
C．Cntinue t build upn yur strengths
D．Research shws that yu will feel differently abut yurself
E．What yu wear will unintentinally shw yur weaknesses t thse arund yu
F．On the cntrary, it nly hlds back yur success and keeps yur cnfidence lw
G．Actually, cnfidence isn't what yu're brn with, but smething learned ver time

【2022·江苏南通·二模】
I am nt sure hw many bks I have reread,but perhaps it is fewer than the average persn. ____31____ The surce material, thugh, is f curse nt.
I used t take the same apprach t bks as I did t travel: dn't g t the same place twice.Life is t shrt.____32____Then I realized that the fact that life is shrt might wrk the ther way arund, t: if yu knw yu enjy smething,r smewhere, then why nt return?
Recently I reread Jseph Heller's Catch-22.I was inspired t d s when reminded f hw he'd respnd when peple rudely asked him why he'd never written anything as gd:"Wh has?"Catch-22 pretty much saved my life when I first read it.____33____I had drpped ut f schl twice,didn't leave the huse at all and didn't have a life.It felt as thugh I hadn't laughed in such a lng time.
____34____It managed t take me ut f the dark wrld, and thugh its themes are,f curse,serius,its cleverness cheered me greatly.I related t its characters wh are themselves trapped.I am nw planning t reread the srt f bks that inspired me in my wn writing.
I wn't take a break altgether frm reading the mst recent releases.I lve the smell f new bks fresh frm the printers.____35____
A．Catch-22 had me laughing.
B．My favurites are secndhand editins.
C．There is discmfrt in reading recently-released bks.
D．At that time I was an extremely depressed 17-year-ld.
E．Fr me, the pleasure f rereading is a newly discvered ne.
F．There is s much t read and s much t see and experience.
G．Hwever,I have determined t dip mre frequently int the ld nes

【2022·内蒙古·包头市第四中学一模】
In the United States and Britain, 70th wedding anniversaries are knwn as “platinum anniversaries (铂金婚)”. ____36____ Fr example, celebrating the first year f marriage is knwn as a “paper anniversary”. Fifty years f marriage marks a “gld anniversary”. And the term “diamnd anniversary” is used t describe a marriage that has lasted fr 60 years.
____37____ In the US, peple give gifts t cuples when they reach certain years f their marriage. The first year anniversary is marked by giving the cuple a clck. ____38____ And they can get musical instruments when they reach their 24th anniversary.
____39____ In Canada, cuples can receive a message frm the cuntry’s gvernr-general (总督) n their 50th anniversary, and n every fifth anniversary after that. In the US, the president himself will send a greeting t cuples that reach their 50th anniversary,and fr every anniversary after that.
____40____ Or perhaps the truly cl thing is celebrating such a lng life full f lve and happiness with yur special smene.
A．If tw peple reach their 10th anniversary, they can expect t receive diamnd jewelry.
B．Peple in different cuntries have their wn ways f celebrating wedding anniversaries.
C．The 25th wedding anniversary is ppularly referred t as the “silver anniversary”
D．In Canada and the US, cuples can even receive special cngratulatins frm wrld leaders n certain anniversaries.
E．Peple ften celebrate their wedding anniversary by having dinner at an expensive restaurant.
F．In fact, there are many different terms that are used t describe different marriage lengths.
G．Hw cl wuld it be t get a letter frm the president?

二、2021-2022年模拟检测
1.【湖南省长沙市一中2021-2022学年度高三月考】
Capture spirit f yuth
“Yuth is like the early spring，like the mrning sun，like the budding flwers，like the sharp blade fresh ff the grinding stne. Yuth is the mst valuable time f life. "Chen Duxiu，ne f the funders f the Cmmunist Party f China，nce wrte the Spirit f Yuth.
16． During this time，habits and interests that will cntinue fr the rest f yur life are frmed and develped--s it's imprtant t get ff t a gd start.
But what is the spirit f yuth？It's a time t begin the prcess f self-reliance and self-mtivatin. Sure，yu might have parents and friends t help yu. 17． It builds yur character and makes yu independent，a necessity t get thrugh the challenges f life. N ne can frce yu t get gd grades r get the perfect jb-thse respnsibilities are yurs and yurs alne. Only yu can be the authr f yur wn life.
When times get tugh，please be persevering. Train yurself t be strng. Tell yurself that yu can summn（召唤）the will t vercme whatever bstacles cme yur way. Anything wrth ding isn't easy. 18． In the end，cnquering a difficult task is always wrth it，and yu can thank perseverance fr guiding yu there.
Wrk hard. There's nthing better than relaxing at the end f a lng day，knwing that yu did all yu culd d fr yurself，yur family and friends，and yur cmmunity. Be a persn that thers admire. D the wrk that thers wn't and never cmplain. The prcess f wrking hard will teach yu valuable lessns alng the way；mst imprtantly，it will teach yu that failure is inevitable（不可避免的）but isn't smething yu shuld ever allw t hld yu back. 19．Fllwing these principles will surely bring success in schl，wrk and life in general. Listen t the spirit f yuth inside yu and fllw yur instincts. 20．A．Yuth is a state f mind.
B．Change yur strategy and try again.
C．It's best t learn that lessn early.
D．Be self-reliant，persevere thrugh hard times and always wrk hard t achieve yur dreams.
E.Dealing with bstacles is nt that easy.
F.Yuth is a relatively brief perid in a man's life.
G.But ultimately，yu must rely n yurself.

2.【湖南省长郡中学2021-2022学年高三月考】
What makes yu cry? Being mved by a sad mvie, waving a lved ne ff, r getting emtinal after splitting up with yur partner can all cause tears t rll dwn ur faces. 16．When yu think abut it, shedding tears frm yur eyes can cause embarrassment r cnfusin. But it seems t be an autmatic reactin when we get sad r upset. 17． Hwever, the feeling is the same – yur cheeks puff up, yur eyes tighten and befre yu knw it, tears are streaming dwn yur face. Sme f us may weep a little while thers might cry like a baby.
A study in the UK in 2017 fund that wmen admitted they cry 72 times a year. This was, n average, mre than men. Adam Rutherfrd, lead researcher, says that the result has been pretty much cnsistent with previus research. 18．Are they just mre embarrassed abut shwing their true feelings? The debate cntinues.
One place where we experience emtinal and tearful utbursts is in the wrkplace.19． Smene might be stressed with a heavy wrklad. And, as therapist Janna Crss put it, “crying is ften a build-up f frustratin and undealt-with situatins and it’s a bit f a final straw mment.” She describes hw smene might start weeping when they’re just asked t make a cup f tea. Actually, their stress has accumulated t the breaking pint.
But crying in the ffice r elsewhere can be an effective stress reliever. It can actually make yu feel better.20．Crying yur eyes ut shws thers hw yu feel, s perhaps it’s a crying shame that mre f us, particularly men, dn’t cry mre ften.
A．Then hw d we cpe with it?
B．This can be where emtins run high.
C．Peple reach their breaking pint in different ways.
D．We all have the pwer t cry, but is that a gd thing?
E.Maybe it disslves r clears the negative feelings yu’ve had.
F.What brings abut this reactin differs frm persn t persn.
G.But des this mean men dn’t get as upset r emtinal as wmen?

3.【江苏省如皋市2021-2022学年高三调研】
Scientists have implanted memries int the brins f birds, helping yung zebra finches t learn a sng nrmally taught t them by their fathers. 16．Like humans, zebra finches learn hw t vcalize by imitating their parents. By listening t them sing, yung birds memrize the ntes.
“17．.” Tdd Rberts, frm the University f Texas Suthwestern Medical Center, tld Newsweek. “In fact, there are amazing similarities between sngbirds learning their sng and the early stages f speech learning."
Rberts, tgether with clleagues, used “ptgenetic manipulatin"— where light is used t mnitr and cntrl brain activity—t guide the learning f sngs. 18． In this way, memries f syllables f a sng were created—the length f a nte agrees with the length f light expsure.
As a result, they guided the learning f the zebra finch with these implanted memries. Their findings are published in the jurnal Science.
“We learn many behavirs during develpment by cpying the behavir f ur parents, lder siblings r teachers. 19． But ur research in yung sngbirds shws that select synapses cnnecting sensry and mtr circuits play a pwerful rle in laying dwn these types f memries and that activatin f these cnnectins in the brain can help frm memries that can guide learning. We were very surprised by the utcme f ur experiments," Rberts said.
Rberts said it is unlikely that a similar apprach culd be used in humans t implant memries.
20． Hwever, he did say that understanding these pathways culd help us understand cnditins where develpmental disrders cause speech prblems.
A．They are active thrughut the day.
B．Sngbirds prvide an excellent mdel.
C．Such experiments wuld give rise t debate.
D．The brain activities invlved in this are still prly understd.
E.They cntrlled the interactins between tw regins f the brain
F.It may nt be t many years befre the measurements f brain activity.
G.The breakthrugh has given an insight int the develpment f vcal learning.

4.【江苏省扬州中学2021-2022学年高三调研】
When it cmes t hbbies and career, all f us have ur wn stries. As a little girl, my favrite thing t d was read — same as tday. S I figured I’d be a librarian when I grew up. 16． The library had a tw-bk limit, but she knew I’d blw thrugh thse in just a few days, s she always let me check ut a big stack.
Time passed quickly and I was in furth grade. Our schl librarian, Mrs. Ketelsen, sent sme pems I’d written abut dinsaurs t Highlights magazine. 17．At the University, thugh majring in jurnalism, I quickly learned that I did nt want t be a newspaper reprter. 18． It amuses almst everyne wh knws me and thinks I’m utging. (I am, but nly with peple I knw!) S I was thrilled when I was selected fr a summer internship at Reader’s Digest.
Ten years after that, I came back t RD t wrk as an editr. 19． I’ve wrked at ther magazines t, but I’ve spent mst f my career here, reading magazines, newspapers, websites, and bks fr stries we culd cndense (简缩); writing articles; even chsing jkes.
20． “The Tractr War” takes me hme t the Midwest. “Smething t Sneeze At” reminds me f all the sneezing I did when I mved t New Yrk City and was suddenly allergic t grasses and trees... I relate t lts f ur stries this mnth, and I hpe yu d t. Enjy!
A．It was a lng rad hme.
B．I lst my interest in it sn.
C．My first published writing!
D．I’m shy abut interviewing peple.
E.My dream f becming a librarian encuraged me.
F.The stries in this issue seem t intrduce myself t yu.
G.Our twn librarian, Mrs. Tnne, was really imprtant t me becming me.

5.【辽宁省沈阳市郊联体2021-2022学年高三月考】
Calligraphy（书法）is the art f writing letters beautifully. These days, a lt f writing is dne n cmputers and phnes.16．The best thing abut calligraphy is having fun ding art with pen and ink, and nt wrrying t much abut what yu create. It's abut making marks n paper, and then practicing the letter frms ver and ver.17．Eleanr Winters, authr f Calligraphy fr Kids, says the best way t learn the art is t jin a lcal calligraphy club. If yur schl desn't run ne, ask if they culd start ne up. "It's easy and inexpensive t start learning.18．I wuld recmmend beginning with markers（马克笔）and paper," says Winters.
Nrmal marker pens with a pinted tip are perfect t start, s that yu can learn the shapes f the letters "19．They can make the thick- and-thin lines that are characteristic f traditinal calligraphy," says Winters. In terms f paper, lined is much easier t write n because it's easier t cntrl the height f the letters. "Practice and patience are bth imprtant," says Winters. "Yu'll learn much better if yu take time t practice each step befre yu mve n t the next ne."
20．It prvides a beautiful way t express yurself, whether yu are making a birthday card, creating a letter r pem, r writing in yur diary. It's als a very relaxing and quiet activity, making fr a nice break frm the stresses f the schl day.
A．All yu need is a pen, ink and paper
B．Practicing calligraphy has many advantages.
C．After that, yu culd use calligraphy markers.
D．Like anything, the mre yu practice, the better yu will d.
E.The next imprtant thing is t knw hw t hld the marker.
F.S calligraphy is a way t celebrate writing artistically n paper.
G.Mdern calligraphy is quite different frm traditinal calligraphy.

6.【辽宁省实验中学2021-2022学年高三月考】
The carbn ftprint shws hw much carbn dixide a persn emits(排放)in everyday life. It measures the amunt ffssil(化石)fuels and electricity smene uses up as well as the carbn ftprint f the prducts they buy. When we use ur cars r heat ur hmes with carbn dixide，varius ther gases are set free. 16．Yu can measure yur carbn ftprint by using a calculatr that yu can find n varius websites. 17． In America fr example，every citizen prduces abut 28 tns f carbn dixide and ther dangerus gases a year；in Great Britain the amunt is abut 10 tns.
18． The way we travel，fr example，has a majr effect n ur envirnment. Use yur bike r walk fr shrt distances. Public transprt is a way f getting t places withut putting a burden n the envirnment. 19． Many envirnmental experts，hwever，argue that it ften saves energy t buy fd that is prduced naturally in faraway places than cnsuming fd grwn lcally in greenhuses. In yur hme yu can cntribute t saving energy by turning ff lights if yu dn’t need them r by aviding the use f air cnditiners. Recycling plastic glass and paper can als reduce yur carbn ftprint dramatically.
20． Only if we cncentrate n reducing carbn emissins tgether can we hpe t make ur envirnment better.
A．Many peple travel between cities and suburbs every day.
B．The carbn ftprint is usually measured in tns f CO2 per year.
C．These emissins lead t a thicker atmsphere and glbal warming.
D．It is als vital t persuade thers t take the same steps that yu d.
E.There are many actins yu can take t reduce yur carbn ftprint.
F.The websites als prvide carbn strage tls and methds fr individuals.
G.Buying lcal fd is anther way f restricting emissin int the atmsphere.

7.【山东省潍坊市五县市2022届高三联考】
D yu have an imprtant r favrite memry frm the past? Perhaps it was clapping fr gals. 16． By sharing ur memries, we can feel clser t ther peple and mre psitive abut what we've been thrugh.
Hw des memry wrk?
Scientists believe there are tw levels f memry. One is shrt-term r wrking memry, which stays in yur brain fr nly 15-30 secnds. The ther level is lng-term r permanent memry, which can be stred fr days, mnths r even years.
17． Mtr-skill memries help yu remember hw t ride a bike; factual memries help yu t recgnize faces. These types f memries can be shrt r lng term. Emtinal memries recall hw yu felt abut smething and can be strng and pwerful. Remembering the sadness f missing yur friends during lckdwn, and being happy and excited t see them again afterwards, are emtinal memries. 18．Why are memries imprtant?
Memries tell yu the stry f yurself. Infrmatin such as which schl yu g t and wh yur friends are is stred inside yur brain, ready fr when yu need it. 19． “If I miss seeing my grandparents, I remember staying with them in Devn. It makes me feel happy, like when I was there.” Heidi, 12, tld The Week.
20． When peple think f shared experience, what usually cmes t mind is being with clse thers, such as friends r family, and talking with them. By telling a funny r embarrassing stry-perhaps the time the dg stle the Christmas ham -we share feelings f jy r recgnitin f difficulties vercme, large r small. By sharing similar r nt-s-similar experiences, we empathize with and understand ne anther better.
A．There are many uses fr memry.
B．Memries can help yu wn wellbeing.
C．Shared memries can cnnect yu t thers.
D．Time cannt erase his memries f the past.
E.Memries can als help yu manage feelings.
F.Or it was seeing rainbw pictures in the windws.
G.They are lng term and can smetimes last a lifetime.

8.【山东师大附中2021-2022学年高三月考】
When yu’ve lst smething, yu’ll feel upset and fear that yu will never find the lst bject. Actually, if yu think abut it fr a mment, yu’ll find it sn.
16．This wn’t help yu find the lst bject but it helps yu calm dwn. Only when yu regain yur calm can yu fcus n finding the bject again. Often when we’ve lst smething, especially if it’s an imprtant bject like a set f keys r a passprt, we get wrried. 17．Have yu lent the bject ut?
Of curse, this is unlikely t be the case with keys r ther ID stuff. But it can easily be the case with bks, magazines, DVDS, etc. If there is a chance that yu have lent an bject t smene else, then send a quick email r text message ut t the likely peple. 18． Make the message mre alng the lines that yu’re wrried because f this particular bject.
Slw dwn.
The mre imprtant the bject is, the mre we are likely t run arund like a headless chicken with the mistaken idea that ur rush will speed up finding the bject. 19． Slwing dwn will give yu a chance t think back t the last time and place yu saw the missing bject. This may give yu a clue r tw as t where the bject is.
Get help frm thers.
Getting the help f smene else anyne wh knws what the bject lks like will d fine. 20． Als, this gives an extra thught pattern t the search. In fact, It may be the best way t find lst bjects fast.
A．Take a lng deep breath.
B．Try yur best t calm dwn.
C．Yu can even turn t thse yu dn’t knw at all.
D．In fact, it’s almst always a case f mre hurry, less speed.
E.These lng deep breaths will help yu t regain yur calm.
F.This dubles the number f peple lking fr the lst bject.
G.Hwever, make sure that the message desn’t accuse thers f taking the bject in questin.

9.【重庆市巴蜀中学2022届月考】
Magnet schls are public schls that have specialized curricula in areas such as the sciences, arts, leadership, r languages. Students ften chse magnet schls t challenge themselves in fields that appeal t their interests.16．
Magnet schls were brn in the late 1960s, when students attended schls clsest t their hmes. 17． Students frm diverse neighbrhds wuld chse t attend a schl that might be further frm hme because the schl catered t their particular strengths and interests.
Many magnet schls have remained true t their riginal gals f prmting diversity thrugh educatinal chice. Cnnecticut, fr example, has 95 magnet schls acrss the state, and all have admissins plicies designed t prmte bth sciecnmic and racial diversity. 18．
Admissins t sme schls will be all but guaranteed while ther schls reject mre applicants than they admit.19． Sme perate n a simple lttery that assures equal pprtunity fr attendance acrss all applicants. Other schls have deliberate prcedures fr assuring a balanced mix f students frm different neighbrhds. Mre selective schls may have tests and interviews as part f the applicatin prcess.
20． Funded by taxpayers, they have n ther cst fr attendance. Students get a high quality educatin fr free. Magnet schls typically have very high graduatin and cllege placement rates. Yet students may live far away and transprtatin may nt be prvided by schls. These are things yu need t take int cnsideratin when thinking f applying fr a magnet schl.
A．It clearly places an added burden n parents.
B．Yu can access the requirements frm their websites.
C．These schls cnsistently rank amng the tp in the state.
D．The term “magnet”，in fact, refers t this idea f attractin.
E.The prcesses vary greatly frm schl t schl and city t city.
F.Magnet schls cme with a mix f advantages and disadvantages.
G.Magnet schls were designed t draw students frm different znes.

10.【重庆市开州中学2021-2022学年高三月考】
It can be very easy t stick with what yu knw, instead f trying t meet peple wh are different frm yu. 16．Here's what yu can d:
Becme self-aware. 17．This includes biases(偏见）abut yur wn cultural backgrund. It can be cnfrnting, but by ding this yu'll be able t think abut hw these traits might impact n yur apprach t and understanding f differences. Yu culd try: Think abut what assumptins yu make abut yur friends, peers, and peple yu wrk with.
Talk t smene frm a different cultural backgrund. Try and get t knw smene frm a different cultural backgrund better. 18．Yu'll autmatically find ut mre abut their life and experiences. Just being curius and pen-minded can be helpful.
Be mre accepting. Smetimes, fr ne reasn r anther, it's nt all that easy t understand sme cultural differences. 19． In ther wrds, yu dn't have t understand, r even agree with, smene in rder t accept them.
20． One f the biggest difficulties t vercme in understanding cultural differences is making judgments based n ne pinin. Yu shuld d sme research t actually learn abut peple, instead f making brad-brush assessments. Steretyping(模式化）peple frm different cultural backgrunds can impact their quality f life and pprtunities.
A．D yur wn research.
B．Think beynd steretypes.
C．Practice being sympathetic twards peple.
D．Wrk ut yur wn beliefs, values and persnal biases.
E.Instead f asking them questins directly, treat them as friends.
F.And the best apprach is t acknwledge peple are different and t accept that's kay.
G.Hwever, trying t understand peple frm ther cuntries can help yu experience mre.
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前后的某句是为了证明另一句而举的例子。例证的形式具有多样性，思维过程基本是归纳(从例子到观点)和推理(从观点到例子)。常见的表示例证关系的标志词语有：fr example, fr instance, in fact/as a matter f fact, actually, in ther wrds/that is t say等。
转折关系
若空格前后两句之间是逻辑上的逆转， 则空格处很有可能表示转折。表示转折关系的标志词语有： but, hwever, yet, while/thugh/althugh, r/therwise, n the cntrary, instead, nevertheless(然而), still, in cntrast/cmparisn, by cmparisn等。
因果关系
表示因果关系的标志词语有：s, therefre, thus, cnsequently(结果), as a result (f), s/such ..., s that ...等。
递进关系
若空格前后两句之间是逻辑上的层进关系，则空格处很有可能是个表示递进的句子。表示递进关系的标志词语有：t, als, besides, further, furthermre, mrever, likewise, similarly, what's mre, what's wrse, in additin, as well, t make matters wrse, nt ... but ..., nt nly ... but als等。
并列关系
表示并列关系的标志词语有：and, first(ly), secnd(ly); first, then/next; t begin with, sme ... thers ...; fr ne thing, fr anther thing; then/next, finally/last等。
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用于总结本段内容，常含有总结性的词语。
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