河南省鹤壁市高中2024-2025学年高二上学期开学摸底考试英语试题（Word版附解析）

这是一份河南省鹤壁市高中2024-2025学年高二上学期开学摸底考试英语试题（Word版附解析），共16页。

1.答题前，考生务必用黑色碳素笔将自己的姓名、准考证号、考场号等在答题卡上填写清楚。
2.每道选择题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑，如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。在试题卷上作答无效。
3.非选择题必须用黑色字迹钢笔或签字笔作答，答案必须写在答题卡各题目指定区域内相应位置上；如需改动，先划掉原来的答案，然后再写上新的答案；不准使用铅笔和涂改液。不按以上要求作答的答案无效。
4.考试结束后，请将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第一部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分）
第一节（共15小题：每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Abut Saln
What we d
Saln has driven the natinal cnversatin since 1995 thrugh fearless jurnalism distributed acrss Saln.cm, Saln TV, scial media, news platfrms, email newsletters and mbile apps. We prvide thrugh analysis and lead in-depth cnversatins; we entertainment ur readers, challenge cnventinal wisdm and celebrate innvatin with humanity. Saln’s award-winning cntent, including ur flagship shw “Saln Talks”, reaches an audience f abut 10 millin mnthly unique visitrs.
Becme a member!
Benefits:
Cmpletely ad-free; Access t members-nly newsletters;
Bkmark articles and recipes; Night-visin mde.
Cntact
Media Inquiries
Members f the press and bkers: If yu’d like t speak t a representative f Saln fr an article r bk a media appearance, please email us at press@saln. cm.
◇ Editrial Cntacts and Submissins
See ur Submissins page t cntact ur editr s with writer pitches (作家推介) and stry submissins. Fr general editrial feedback, cntact Erin Keane, Chief CntentOfficer, at ekeane@saln.cm.
◇Crrectins
Saln aims t publish accurate infrmatin at all times. If yu think Saln has published smething in errr, please email us at readermail@saln.cm.
◇ Sharing and Syndicatin
Newspapers, magazines, websites, bk publishers and bradcast media shuld email us at syndicatin@saln.cm. Requests must include the article, title, writer’s name and yur intended use.
Saln’s prgressive, independent jurnalism grws with yur supprt
We need yur supprt t stay independent — frm the impacts f algrithms (算法) and ad markets, and frm the handful f big media cmpanies and billinaires that nw wn mst U. S. media utlets. With mre members, we can pursue the reprting and analysis that yu need mst.
1.What can we knw abut Saln?
A.It has a histry f ver three decades.B.It mainly fcuses n entertainment cntent.
C.It is an utstanding digital media channel.D.It prvides members-nly newsletters fr regular visitrs.
2.What address will be used if a third party wants t share Saln’s article?
A.press@saln.cm.B.ekeane@saln.cm.
C.readermail@saln.cm.D.syndicatin@saln.cm.
3.What is the purpse f the last part f the text?
A.T intrduce Saln’s recent prgress.B.T encurage mre user subscriptins.
C.T inf rm readers f Saln’s peratin.D.T prmte a new editrial team at Saln.
B
Earlier this mnth，6-year-ld lsaac went n vacatin t Frt Waltn，Flrida，with his family. While there，his mther Garrett learned abut Lulu，a restaurant that ffers fd t custmers with fd allergies(过敏症).
At LuLu，Isaac culd eat a salad and rast chicken with rice.“lsaac lked at me as if he was asking me，Is this k？”Garrett said. Once his mm gave the OK，Isaac enjyed fr the first time the experience f rdering and eating at a restaurant.” “That lk n his face seemed t shw that this was the clest thing he had ever dne.” Garrett said.
Garrett and her family rarely eat ut because f Isaac’s fd allergies. When they d, she cks smething fr Isaac at hme befre they leave and brings it with her t the restaurant. “It’s nt fun and it feels unfair,” she said.
Their night at Lulu marked a celebratin fr lsaac. Isaac felt terribly fulfilled because f eating at the restaurant. Garrett shared the mment n the restaurant's Facebk page t thank them fr helping her sn. “Thank yu frm the bttm f my heart fr giving hi m this experience.” she wrte in her pst.
Barnett，the restaurant's manager said，“When custmers tell the staff that smene in their grup has a fd allergy，I help with the rder by passing it t the kitchen，ensuring it's cked in a separate statin and ffering the finished fd t the guests. We have been imprving this prcess ver the last 10 years since ur allergy prgram was started.”
On Garrett's Facebk pst，Lulu thanked Garrett fr sharing her stry. “Thank yu fr sharing yur experience with us.” the restaurant wrte in a cmment. “We are excited t see yur sn s happy！”
Garrett is hping her pst's ppularity will make ther restaurants，especially the places near her family's hme abut 30 minutes away frm Mashville，prvide such a service.” Lulu ffers quality services t the guests with fd allergies. Nthing wuld make us happier than that.” She said.
4.Why d Garrett and her family hardly eat ut at restaurants?
A.Because they are n a lw incme.
B.Because Garrett likes cking herself.
C.Because Isaac easily suffers frm fd allergies.
D.Because they cnsider the fd in restaurants unhealthy.
5.What des Garrett usually d when her family g t eat at a restaurant?
A.She leaves her sn alne at hme.
B.She rders sme special fd fr her sn.
C.She lets her sn chse his favrite dishes.
D.She prepares sme fd fr her sn ahead f time.
6.What will Barnett d when guests with allergies cme t dinner?
A.He will help them rder fd.
B.He will ffer services t them first.
C.He will prvide private rm fr them.
D.He will intrduce their allergy prgram.
7.What mved Garrett deeply?
A.LuLu's respnse t her pst.
B.Her sn's experience at LuLu.
C.LuLu's cncern fr the guests with allergies.
D.Mre restaurants' fllwing in LuLu's steps.
C
Over the last 40 years, 90% f the King Penguins (企鹅) n a faraway island have been lst. This is especially wrrying because it was the largest grup f King Penguins in the wrld.
Penguins living in large grups are called “clnies”. And abut half f the wrld's King Penguins live in the Crzet islands, which lie between Antarctica and the tip f Africa. In 1982, the scientists visited the clny n ne f the Crzet islands — the Pig Island. At that time, they figured that there were arund 2 millin King Penguins there. But nw, after carefully studying images taken frm space, the scientists believe there are nly abut 200,000King Penguins left n the island.
The scientists are trying t figure ut what might have caused the prblem. There are sme parts that they understand. Fr example, it gt very warm in 1997. That meant the penguins had t swim much farther t get t the clder water where they culd find their fd. Many penguins culdn't find enugh fd t feed their babies. That year was a hard year fr the penguins all arund Antartica, and many died.
It's pssible that there was sme kind f sickness just n the Pig Island. It's als pssible that the penguins culd have prblems with the cats r mice which are als n the island. But there are cats and mice n the ther islands, and the penguins there seem t be in gd cnditin.
Befre this news, peple thught the King Penguins were fine. Nw, the scientists are wrried that they may be in danger. And it will prbably get wrse because f climate change. The scientists are planning t travel t the Pig Island t cunt the penguins again and t find ut what is ging n. But they wn't be able t make the trip until this autumn.
8.What can we learn abut the Crzet islands frm the secnd paragraph?
A.Tw millin penguins live there nw.B.They are the largest islands in Africa.
C.They are hme t the King Penguins.D.Peple discvered the islands in 1982.
9.Hw did the warm weather in 1997 affect the penguins?
A.They culd feed mre babies.B.They swam slwly in the water.
C.They grew up in a faster way.D.They had difficulty in getting fd.
10.What are the scientists ging t d abut the penguins?
A.Study their images taken frm space.B.Explre what threatens their life.
C.Make them live in different grups.D.Prtect them frm cats and mice.
11.Which is the mst suitable title fr the text?
A.A Sharp Drp in Penguins' NumberB.The Wnderland f the King Penguins
C.A Team's Jurney t the Suth PleD.The Majr Change in Glbal Climate
D
Water pisning is caused by t much cnsumptin f water during a shrt perid f time. Water in and f itself is nt pisnus by any means, but rapid intake f a large quantity f water can break the careful balance f sdium(钠)in the bdy fluids(体液). This cntributes t a swelling f the cells, ften in the central nervus system, including the brain.
When the cells can n lnger bear the pressure, they can begin t die. This is indicated in serius frms f water pisning. Symptms f this cnditin include vmiting, headache and unrespnsiveness. When the sdium in the bld falls t dangerus levels, brain damage and pssibly death may ccur.
What is a fatal(致命的)amunt f water can vary frm persn t persn, depending n ne’s state f health, his r her physical activity at the time, the temperature and the amunt f time in which the persn cnsumes the water. Fr sme, a ne-time cnsumptin f three liters can prve deadly. Althugh the persn cnsuming the water may lse a lt f fluid during heavy labr r exercise, the electrlytes(电解质)are nt replaced fast enugh t avid water pisning.
Thse particularly at risk fr water pisning are athletes engaged in lng distance running like a marathn. Due t the need t replace large quantities f lst fluid, runners must drink a lt f water. This can lead t pisning, s runners must replace their fluids with sprts drinks that have added electrlytes. Other factrs that cntribute t water pisning include activities that stimulate heavy sweating. The persn wrking under extreme heat r intense humidity(湿气)must be careful when cnsuming water in rder t maintain electrlyte balance. Mental diseases can als lead t water pisning. Psychgenic plydipsia is a cnditin in which the affected persn feels a need t drink a lt f water fr unknwn reasns.
12.What harm des water pisning bring?
A.It can affect brain functin.B.It disturbs the balance f sdium.
C.It causes a drp in bld pressure.D.It tends t make its victims nervus.
13.What can we knw abut prper amunt f water t drink?
A.Three liters per day is deadly.B.N single rule fits everyne.
C.It desn’t bther healthy peple.D.Physical activity is its decisive factr.
14.Wh wuld prbably fall victim t water pisning?
A.A patient suffering frm stmachache.
B.A labrer wrking with heavy sweating.
C.An athlete fnd f drinking sprts drinks.
D.A teenager ding apprpriate exercise daily.
15.What might be discussed in the paragraph that fllws?
A.What has been fund abut sprts drinks.
B.What else cntributes t water pisning.
C.What are the symptms f water pisning.
D.What can be dne t avid water pisning.
第二节（共5小题：每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
Hw lng des it take t becme an elite (精英) in yur field? 16 That’s what Jhn Hayes, a cgnitive psychlgy prfessr at Carnegie Melln University, wanted t knw.
Fr decades, Hayes has been investigating the rle f effrt, practice and knwledge in tp perfrmers. 17 The research fcused n peple like Mzart and Picass-t determine hw lng it tk them t becme wrld-class at their craft.
Let’s talk abut what Hayes has discvered abut wrld-class-perfrmers. And mre imprtantly, let’s discuss hw yu can use these insights t achieve yur gals and becme yur best.
18 He analyzed thusands f musical pieces prduced frm 1685 t 1900. The central questin that drve his wrk was, “Hw lng after ne becmes interested in music is it that ne becmes wrld-class?” Eventually, Hayes develped a list f 500 pieces f “masterwrks” in the field, which were created by a ttal f 76 cmpsers.
text, Hayes mapped ut the timeline f each cmpsers career. 19 What he discvered was that virtually every single “masterwrk” was written after the tenth year f the cmpser’s career. Nt a single persn prduced incredible wrk withut putting in a decade f practice first. Even a genius like Mzart had t wrk fr at least ten years befre he prduced smething that became ppular. 20
In fllw-up studies, Hayes fund similar patterns amng famus painters and ppular pets. These findings have been further cnfirmed by research frm prfessrs like K. Anders Ericssn, wh prduced research that revealed that yu needed t put in “10, 000 hurs” t becme an elite r expert in yur field.
A.It takes time t achieve yur gals.
B.And what d peple like ding in their spare time?
C.He has studied the mst talented creatrs in histry.
D.Hayes started his research by examining successful cmpsers
E.Prfessr Hayes began t refer t this perid as the “ten years f silence”.
F.And what d the successful peple d differently than the rest f us?
G.And then he calculated hw lng they had been wrking befre they created their ppular wrks.
第二部分 语言运用 (共两节，满分30分)
第一节 (共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)
Leticia Gnzalez wanted t d smething special t put sme extra magic int Christmas. The mther helped her twin daughters, Luna and Gianella, craft the perfect 21 t Santa Claus. The girls then tied their ntes t red ballns and 22 them. Leticia never thught the ballns wuld 23 anyne. But she was 24 ! She gt a Facebk message that 25 her. Smene had fund Luna’s nte and balln, and he was lking t make her day!
Alvin Bamburg lived 650 miles away frm the Gnzalez’s hme. He was ut hunting ne day when he stumbled (绊倒) acrss the 26 , and he knew he wanted t 27 Santa Claus the mment he read the letter. He 28 abut the balln n Facebk seeking help t find the letter-writing child. In her nte, Luna had asked fr candy, a Spider-Man ball, a “Frzen” dll, and a puppy, and the 29 man was determined t get her everything n her list!
When Leticia heard that Alvin was 30 them, she messaged him n Facebk. 31 , a big package sn arrived fr bth Luna and Gianella. Inside was nearly everything n Luna’s list—times tw! Later, Alvin learned hw 32 they were when receiving their gifts. All his 33 were wrthwhile.
These tw families are nw 34 , all because f a far-reaching balln! They becme gd friends. What a wnderful way t make a (n) 35 in these sisters’ lives and give them wnderful memries they’ll never frget!
B.lettersC.cmmentsD.rders
B.blewC.distributedD.delivered
B.cntrlC.reachD.fllw
B.nervusC.indifferentD.wrng
B.embarrassedC.inspiredD.scared
B.ballnC.trapD.branch
B.explainC.seekD.play
B.arguedC.pstedD.thught
B.braveC.respectfulD.energetic
abutB.lking frC.waiting frD.wrrying abut
B.SecretlyC.UnexpectedlyD.Frtunately
B.thughtfulC.humrusD.grateful
B.belngingsC.effrtsD.campaigns
B.linkedC.relievedD.separated
B.prmiseC.decisinD.appintment
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式，并将答案填写在答题卡相应的位置上。
In 2017, a Chinese antique bwl fetched $38 millin at auctin (拍卖) — a new recrd fr Chinese prcelain (瓷器). Thugh it was described as “a highly imprtant and 36 (extreme) rare” piece f art, it was a shallw bwl that was used in ancient China 37 (clean) calligraphy and paint brushes. Why is Chinese prcelain s expensive? The answer lies 38 the Eurpean bsessin (痴迷) with Chinese prcelain.
Lars Tharp, a Chinese prcelain specialist, set ut t explre why Chinese prcelain was s 39 (value). He traveled t the muntainside in which almst every single Chinese exprt vase, plate and cup began life in the 18th century — a muntain knwn as Munt Galin, frm 40 name we get the wrd kalin, r china clay. He saw hw the china clay 41 (cmbine) with anther substance, mica, that wuld turn it int prcelain.
42 (carry) his wn newly-acquired vase, Lars uncvered sme secrets f China’s prcelain capital, Jingdezhen. He saw hw 43 trade between China and Eurpe nt nly changed ur idea f what was beautiful but als affected the whle traditin f Chinese aesthetics t.
The prcelain fever has driven high 44 (cnsume) in the past ten years. Tday China’s rising millinaire class are buying back the exprt china nce shipped t Eurpe. The bwl 45 (sell) at auctin shws that the appeal f Chinese prcelain is as strng as ever.
第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（满分15分）
46.假定你是李华，你校交换生 Ryan 在骑车上学的途中受伤。请给他写一封邮件，内容包括：
1.表示慰问；
2.骑行安全建议。
注意：1.写作词数应为80个左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Dear Ryan,
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yurs,
Li Hua
第二节（满分25分）
47.阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
“Have yu brught the frg t schl?” I whispered excitedly t my friend, Jhn. It was early in the mrning and my friends, Jhn, Tm and I were already in schl, discussing the prank(恶作剧)we were ging t play n ur class mnitr, Jane. Laughing quietly, Jhn reached fr his bag, pened the bag and shwed us the frg in his bag. Tm and I culdn't hld back the laughter, thinking abut what wuld happen.
Ring! As sn as the bell rang, ther students, including Jane, hurried ut f the classrm. We had planned t put a frg in Jane's bag and scare her fr telling Ms Tan, ur headteacher, that we were playing in the classrm when there was n teacher in class. “This shuld teach her a lessn!” I thught, smiling t myself. Once we were the nly nes left in the classrm, I tk the frg frm Jhn's bag. Surveying arund t make sure that n ne was walking past ur classrm, I put the frg int Jane's bag secretly.
“Please take ut the hmewrk I assigned yu yesterday,” Ms Tan instructed after the break. Everyne started lking thrugh their schlbags fr their hmewrk. Out f the crner f my eye, I spied Jane bending dwn t pen her bag. Glancing ver at Tm and Jhn, I saw them cvering their muths, trying t hide their laughter.
“Ahhh! There is a frg in my bag!” Jane screamed as the frg leapt(跳) ut f her bag.
注意：1.续写词数应为150个左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
She jumped nt her chair as she screamed in hrrr.
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Gathering all my curage, I decided t tell the truth.
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
英语参考答案
第一部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分）
第一节（共15小题：每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
A
【答案】1.C 2.D 3.B
【解析】1.细节理解题。根据第一段“Saln has driven the natinal cnversatin since 1995 thrugh fearless jurnalism distributed acrss Saln.cm, Saln TV, scial media, news platfrms, email newsletters and mbile apps.(自1995年以来，沙龙通过在Saln.cm、沙龙电视、社交媒体、新闻平台、电子邮件通讯和移动应用程序上发布无畏的新闻，推动了全国对话)”可知，Saln是一个杰出的数字媒体渠道。故选C。
2.细节理解题。根据◇ Sharing and Syndicatin部分中“Newspapers, magazines, websites, bk publishers and bradcast media shuld email us at syndicatin@saln.cm.(报纸、杂志、网站、图书出版商和广播媒体请发电子邮件至syndicatin@saln.cm)”可知，如果第三方想要分享Saln的文章，将使用地址是syndicatin@saln.cm。故选D。
3.推理判断题。根据最后一段“We need yur supprt t stay independent — frm the impacts f algrithms (算法) and ad markets, and frm the handful f big media cmpanies and billinaires that nw wn mst U. S. media utlets. With mre members, we can pursue the reprting and analysis that yu need mst.(我们需要你们的支持来保持独立——不受算法和广告市场的影响，不受少数拥有美国大多数媒体的大型媒体公司和亿万富翁的影响。有了更多的会员，我们可以继续进行您最需要的报告和分析)”可知，文章最后一部分的目的是鼓励更多的用户订阅。故选B。
B
【答案】4.C 5.D 6.A 7.C
【解析】4.细节理解题。根据文章第三段“Garrett and her family rarely eat ut because f Isaac’s fd allergies. (Garrett 和她的家人很少出去吃饭，因为Isaac对食物过敏。)”可知，Garrett和她的家人很少出去吃饭是因为Isaac易患食物过敏。故选C。
5.细节理解题。根据文章第三段“she cks smething fr Isaac at hme befre they leave and brings it with her t the restaurant.(在他们离开之前，她在家为Isaac烹饪了一些东西，并把它带到了餐馆。)”可知，家人外出吃饭时，Garrett经常为Isaac提前准备一些食物。故选D。
6.细节理解题。根据文章第五段“Barnett，the restaurant's manager said，“When custmers tell the staff that smene in their grup has a fd allergy，I help with the rder by passing it t the kitchen，ensuring it's cked in a separate statin and ffering the finished fd t the guests.(餐厅经理Barnett说，“当顾客告诉员工，他们组里有人对食物过敏时，我就帮忙点餐，把食物送到厨房，确保食物在另一个地方烹饪，然后把完成的食物提供给客人。”)”可知，如果有过敏的客人来吃饭，Barnett会亲自帮助他们点餐。故选A。
7.推理判断题。根据文章最后一段““ Lulu ffers quality services t the guests with fd allergies. Nthing wuld make us happier than that.” She said.(“Lulu为食物过敏的客人提供优质的服务。没有什么比这更让我们高兴的了。”她说。)”可知，LuLu对过敏客人的关注深深地触动了Garrett。故选C。
C
【答案】8.C 9.D 10.B 11.A
【解析】8.细节理解题。根据文章第二段的句子“And abut half f the wrld's King Penguins live in the Crzet islands, which lie between Antarctica and the tip f Africa.”（大约一半的世界帝企鹅生活在位于南极和非洲尖端之间的克罗泽特群岛上。）可知，克罗泽特群岛是帝企鹅的家，故选C。
9.细节理解题。根据文章第三段的句子“Fr example, it gt very warm in 1997. That meant the penguins had t swim much farther t get t the clder water where they culd find their fd. Many penguins culdn't find enugh fd t feed their babies.”（例如，1997年天气非常暖和。这意味着企鹅们必须游得更远才能到达他们可以找到食物的冷水区。许多企鹅找不到足够的食物喂养他们的宝宝。）可知，1997年的暖冬使企鹅在获取食物上遇到了困难，故选D。
10.细节理解题。根据文章最后一段的句子“The scientists are planning t travel t the Pig Island t cunt the penguins again and t find ut what”（科学家们计划再次前往猪岛计算企鹅的数量，并找出发生了什么。）可知，科学家们打算探索威胁企鹅生命的因素，故选B。
11.主旨大意题。根据第一段“Over the last 40 years, 90% f the King Penguins(企鹅) n a faraway island have been lst. This is especially wrrying because it was the largest grup f King Penguins in the wrld.”（在过去的40年里，一个遥远岛屿上90%的王企鹅已经消失了。这尤其令人担忧，因为这是世界上最大的王企鹅群。）可知，文章主要讲述了在过去的40年里，远离人类居住地的一个岛上，90%的帝企鹅消失了，科学家们正在努力寻找原因，并计划在秋天再次前往该岛进行调查。所以短文的标题为“企鹅数量急剧下降”。故选A项。
D
【答案】12.A 13.B 14.B 15.D
【解析】12.细节理解题。根据文章第一段中“This cntributes t a swelling f the cells, ften in the central nervus system, including the brain. (这会导致细胞肿胀，通常在中枢神经系统，包括大脑。)”根据第二段“When the sdium in the bld falls t dangerus levels, brain damage and pssibly death may ccur.”（当血液中的钠降至危险水平时，可能会发生脑损伤，甚至死亡。）可知，水中毒会影响中枢神经系统，即影响大脑的功能。故选A。
13.细节理解题。根据文章第三段中“What is a fatal(致命的)amunt f water can vary frm persn t persn, depending n ne’s state f health, his r her physical activity at the time, the temperature and the amunt f time in which the persn cnsumes the water.(什么是致命的水量可能因人而异，具体取决于一个人的健康状况、他或她当时的身体活动、温度和人消耗水的时间。)”可知，合适的饮水量是没有一定的规律的，因人而异，故选B。
14.推理判断题。根据文章第四段中“Other factrs that cntribute t water pisning include activities that stimulate heavy sweating. The persn wrking under extreme heat r intense humidity(湿气)must be careful when cnsuming water in rder t maintain electrlyte balance. (导致水中毒的其他因素包括刺激大量出汗的活动。在极端高温或强湿下工作的人在饮水时必须小心，以保持电解质平衡。)”可知，搬运工等剧烈出汗的人比较容易患上水中毒，故选B。
15.推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Thse particularly at risk fr water pisning are athletes engaged in lng distance running like a marathn. (那些特别容易发生水中毒的人是像马拉松一样进行长跑的运动员。)”以及“Mental diseases can als lead t water pisning. Psychgenic plydipsia is a cnditin in which the affected persn feels a need t drink a lt f water fr unknwn reasns. (精神疾病也会导致水中毒。精神性多饮症是指受影响的人因未知原因感到需要大量饮水的情况。)”可知推断接下来文章会讨论的是如何避免水中毒，故选D。
第二节（共5小题：每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
【答案】16.F 17.C 18.D 19.G 20.E
【解析】16.上文“Hw lng des it take t becme an elite (精英) in yur field?(成为你所在领域的精英需要多长时间？)”以及下文“That’s what Jhn Hayes, a cgnitive psychlgy prfessr at Carnegie Melln University, wanted t knw.(这正是卡内基梅隆大学认知心理学教授Jhn Hayes想要知道的)”说明Jhn Hayes想要知道需要多久能成为所在领域的精英。空处和前文并列提出关于精英的问题，并引出下文。F项“成功人士与我们其他人有什么不同之处？”符合语境。故选F。
17.上文“Fr decades, Hayes has been investigating the rle f effrt, practice and knwledge in tp perfrmers.(几十年来，海斯一直在研究努力、实践和知识在优秀员工中的作用)”说明Hayes教授多年研究顶尖表现者所付出的努力、练习和知识的作用。空处顺接前文，继续说明他的研究特点或范围，并引出下文。C项中的He指代前文中的Hayes，“the mst talented creatrs ”和下文中的“peple like Mzart and Picass”相呼应，所以C项“他研究了历史上最有才华的创作者。”符合语境。故选C。
18.下文“He analyzed thusands f musical pieces prduced frm 1685 t 1900. The central questin that drve his wrk was, “Hw lng after ne becmes interested in music is it that ne becmes wrld-class?”(他分析了1685年至1900年间创作的数千首乐曲。推动他工作的核心问题是，“一个人对音乐感兴趣多久后，他才能成为世界级的？”)”说明本段主要介绍了Jhn Hayes研究了世界级表演者，以及如何利用这些见解实现目标。所以D项“海斯的研究始于考察成功的作曲家”符合语境，适合引出本段，该项中的“by examining successful cmpsers”和下文中的“He analyzed thusands f musical pieces”相呼应。故选D。
19.上文“Hayes mapped ut the timeline f each cmpsers career. (海斯为每一位作曲家的职业生涯绘制了时间表)”说明Hayes绘制了每位作曲家的职业生涯时间线。空处顺承上文，进一步描述他之后的分析步骤。G项中的they 指代前文中的“cmpsers”，说明Jhn Hayes计算了他们创作流行作品之前工作了多长时间。所以G项“然后他计算了他们创作流行作品之前工作了多长时间。”符合语境。故选G。
20.上文“Nt a single persn prduced incredible wrk withut putting in a decade f practice first. Even a genius like Mzart had t wrk fr at least ten years befre he prduced smething that became ppular.(没有一个人在不先投入十年实践的情况下创作出令人难以置信的作品。即使是像莫扎特这样的天才，也必须工作至少十年才能创作出受欢迎的作品)”说明几乎所有“杰作”都是在作曲家职业生涯的第十年后产生的。空处对前面的现象进行总结性命名。E项中的“this perid”指代前文中的“wrk fr at least ten years befre he prduced smething that became ppular”，所以E项“海斯教授开始将这段时期称为“沉默的十年”。”符合语境。故选E。
第二部分 语言运用 (共两节，满分30分)
第一节 (共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)
【答案】21.B 22.A 23.C 24.D 25.A 26.B 27.D 28.C 29.A 30.B 31.C 32.D 33.C 34.B 35.A
【解析】21.考查名词词义辨析。句意：这位母亲帮助她的双胞胎女儿，Luna和Gianella给圣诞老人写一封完美的信。A.presents 礼物；B. letters信；C. cmments评论；D. rders订单。根据“and he knew he wanted t Santa Claus the mment he read the letter. ”可知，这里指双胞胎分别给圣诞老人写了一封“信”。故选B。
22.考查动词词义辨析。句意：然后，女孩们把纸条绑在红色气球上，放飞它们。A. flew飞；B. blew吹；C. distributed分配；D. delivered递送。根据“The girls then tied their ntes t red ballns”和常识可知，纸条绑在气球上会“飞”走。故选A。
23.考查动词词义辨析。句意：Leticia从没想过气球会飞到别人那里。A. cmfrt安慰；B. cntrl控制；C. reach到达；D. fllw跟随。根据“The girls then tied their ntes t red ballns and them.”可知，因为气球会飞到天空，所以没有想到会“到达”别人那里。故选C。
24.考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但是她错了! A. cnfused困惑的；B. nervus紧张的；C. indifferent漠不关心的；D. wrng错误的。根据“Leticia never thught the ballns wuld anyne”和转折词but可知，Leticia的想法是“错误的”。故选D。
25.考查动词词义辨析。句意：她在Facebk上收到了一条令她惊讶的消息。 A. surprised惊讶；B. embarrassed尴尬；C. inspired鼓舞；D. scared害怕。根据“Leticia never thught the ballns wuld anyne.”和“Smene had fund Luna’s nte and balln, and he was lking t make her day!”可知，Leticia在Facebk上收到消息，让她很“惊讶”。选选A。
26.考查名词词义辨析。句意：有一天，他出去打猎时绊倒了气球，他一读到信就知道他想成为圣诞老人。A. cver封面；B. balln气球；C. trap陷阱；D. branch树枝。根据“The girls then tied their ntes t red ballns and them.”可知，Alvin Bamburg外出打猎时，被“气球”绊倒了。故选B。
27.考查动词词义辨析。句意：有一天，他出去打猎时绊倒了气球，他一读到信就知道他想成为圣诞老人。A. select挑选；B. explain解释；C. seek寻找；D. play玩；扮演。根据“Luna and Gianella, craft the perfect t Santa Claus. ”可知，Alvin Bamburg读到信后，决定“扮演”圣诞老人。故选D。
28.考查动词词义辨析。句意：他在Facebk上发布了气球的消息，寻求帮助寻找这个写信的孩子。A. heard听见；B. argued争论；C. psted发布；D. thught想。根据“n Facebk seeking help t find the letter-writing child”可知，Alvin Bamburg在网上“发布”了关于气球的消息。故选C。
29. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在她的信中，Luna要了糖果、蜘蛛侠球、《冰雪奇缘》玩偶和一只小狗，这个好心的男人决心要把她清单上的东西都给她! A. kindhearted仁慈的；好心的。B. brave勇敢的；C. respectful尊敬的；D. energetic精力充沛的。根据“was determined t get her everything n her list!”和“Inside was nearly everything n Luna’s list—times tw!”可知，Alvin Bamburg满足了双胞胎姐妹所有的心愿，所以是“好心的”。故选A。
30.考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：当Leticia听说Alvin在找她们时，她在Facebk上给他发了消息。A. caring abut关心；B. lking fr寻找；C. waiting fr等待；D. wrrying abut担心。根据“He abut the balln n Facebk seeking help t find the letter-writing child.”可知，Alvin在“寻找”写信的双胞胎姐妹。故选B。
31.考查副词词义辨析。句意：出乎意料的是，Luna和Gianella很快就收到了一个大包裹。A. Gradually逐渐地；B. Secretly秘密地；C. Unexpectedly未料到地；D. Frtunately幸运地。根据“a big package sn arrived fr bth Luna and Gianella”可知，Luna和Gianella收到圣诞老人的礼物是“未料到”的。故选C。
32.考查形容词词义辨析。句意：后来，Alvin了解到她们收到礼物时是多么感激。A. anxius焦急的；B. thughtful体贴的；C. humrus幽默的；D. grateful感激的。根据“when receiving their gifts”可知，双胞胎姐妹收到礼物，当然很“感激”的。故选D。
33. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：他的一切努力都是值得的。A. services服务；B. belngings所有物；C. effrts努力；D. campaigns运动。根据“Later, Alvin learned hw they were when receiving their gifts”可知，Alvin得到礼物，实现愿望了，所以觉得自己的“努力”是值得的。故选C。
34.考查动词词义辨析。句意：这两个家庭现在连在一起了，都是因为一个影响深远的气球! A. encuraged鼓励；B. linked连接；联系；C. relieved欣慰；D. separated分开。根据“all because f a far-reaching balln!”可知，因为气球，两个家庭“联系”在一起了。故选B。
35.考查名词词义辨析。句意：这是一种多么美妙的方式，可以让这对姐妹的生活有所不同，给她们留下永远不会忘记的美好回忆! A. difference不同；B. prmise答应；C. decisin决定；D. appintment约会。make a difference表“有影响；有所不同”。根据“and give them wnderful memries they’ll never frget!”及全文可知，Alvin的行为对这对双胞胎姐妹生活有影响，让她们的生活有所不同。故选A。
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
【答案】36.extremely 37.t clean 38.in 39.valuable 40.whse 41.was cmbined 42.Carrying 43.the 44.cnsumptin 45.sld
【解析】36.考查副词。句意：虽然它被描述为一件“非常重要和极其罕见”的艺术品，但它是一个浅碗，在中国古代用于清洁书法和画笔。空格处用副词extremely修饰形容词rare，extremely意为“极其”，故填extremely。
37.考查不定式。句意：虽然它被描述为一件“非常重要和极其罕见”的艺术品，但它是一个浅碗，在中国古代用于清洁书法和画笔。that指代的是先行词“a shallw bwl”，是“物”。“某物被用来做某事”是“sth. be used t d sth.”，因此空格处用不定式t clean，故填t clean。
38.考查介词。句意：答案在于欧洲人对中国瓷器的痴迷。lie in是固定短语，意为“在于”，因此空格处用介词in，故填in。
39.考查形容词。句意：中国瓷器专家Lars Tharp着手探索中国瓷器如此珍贵的原因。空格处用形容词作表语，value的形容词是“valuable”，意为“值钱的，贵重的”，故填valuable。
40.考查定语从句。句意：在18世纪，他到被称为高岭山的山坡去旅行，几乎每一个中国出口的花瓶、盘子和杯子都是在这里诞生的，高岭土这个词就是从它的名字而来的。空格处是“介词+关系代词”引导的非限制性定语从句，Munt Galin和name之间是所属关系，因此空格处填入表所属关系的whse，故填whse。
41.考查时态，语态和主谓一致。句意：他看到了瓷土是如何与另一种物质——云母结合在一起，从而变成瓷器的。空格处是谓语部分，china clay和cmbine之间是逻辑上的动宾关系，因此句子要用被动语态，句子描述过去的事情，时态用一般过去时，因此空格处要用一般过去时的被动语态，主语china clay是不可数名词，因此空格处填was cmbined。故填was cmbined。
42.考查非谓语动词。句意：Lars拿着自己新买的花瓶，揭开了中国瓷器之都景德镇的一些秘密。句中谓语是uncvered，所以空格处用非谓语动词，Lars和carry之间是逻辑上的主谓关系，因此空格处用现在分词表主动含义。空格处位于句首，因此首字母大写。故填Carrying。
43.考查定冠词。句意：他看到中欧之间的贸易不仅改变了我们对美的看法，而且也影响了整个中国美学传统。空格处要用定冠词the，特指中欧之间的贸易，故填the。
44.考查名词。句意：在过去的十年里，瓷器热推动了高消费。high是形容词，修饰名词，句子表示“瓷器热推动了高消费”，空格处意为“消费”，名词是cnsumptin，是不可数名词，故填cnsumptin。
45.考查非谓语动词。句意：拍卖会上售出的这只碗表明，中国瓷器的吸引力一如既往地强大。句中谓语是shws，空格处要用非谓语动词，bwl和sell之间是逻辑上的动宾关系，因此空格处用过去分词形式表被动含义，故填sld。
第三部分 写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（满分15分）
46.【答案】Dear Ryan,
I'm srry t hear that yu gt injured when riding t schl. I am wrried abut yu. Hw are yu feeling nw? If yu need any help, please dn't hesitate t let me knw.
Nw, I want t share sme safety tips fr cycling. First f all, bey traffic rules just like yu expect cars t. A lt f cycling accidents result frm cyclists riding thrugh red lights and stp signs. In additin, it is necessary t watch ut fr pening car drs, which pses a significant danger. The mst imprtant is t avid texting, phne calls, r listening t music while riding yur bike.
With every gd wish fr yur swift and full recvery.
Yurs,
Li Hua
【解析】1.词汇积累
担心的：wrried→cncerned
此外：in additin → what’s mre
安全：safety→security
当心：watch ut fr → lk ut fr
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：A lt f cycling accidents result frm cyclists riding thrugh red lights and stp signs.
拓展句：Because f the fact that cyclists ften ride thrugh red lights and stp signs, a significant number f cycling accidents ccur.
【高分句型1】I'm srry t hear that yu gt injured when riding t schl. (运用了that引导宾语从句，when引导的时间状语从句的省略)
【高分句型2】In additin, it is necessary t watch ut fr pening car drs, which pses a significant danger. (运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句)
第二节（满分25分）
47.【答案】One pssible versin:
She jumped nt her chair as she screamed in hrrr. A few girls held their breath in shck and sme rushed ut f the classrm. The ther classmates and I burst int laughter. I thught, “Serve yu right, Jane! Yu shuld nt have tld Ms Tan abut what we did!” “Silence!” Ms Tan shuted, glaring at all f us. Silence filled the classrm. “Wh did this?” Seeing Jane still standing n her chair, her eyes widened and face pale, I felt regretful fr what I had dne suddenly.
Gathering all my curage, I decided t tell the truth. “…I did… it,” I said in a lw vice. Ms Tan criticized me and cmmanded me t aplgize and take back the frg. Fllwing my lead, Jhn and Tm std up and aplgized t. Frtunately, Jane frgave us willingly. I breathed a sigh f relief. That day, regret welled up within me as I thught abut the prank I had played n pr Jane. My heart sank with guilt ver hw Jane had easily and kindly frgiven us. I realized that we shuld nt have played a prank n such a kind girl.
【解析】段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“她惊恐地尖叫着跳到了椅子上。”可知，第一段可描写Jane发现青蛙后的反应以及同学们的不同表现，同时作者开始反思自己的行为。
②由第二段首句内容“我鼓起所有的勇气，决定说出真相。”可知，第二段可描写作者承认错误，Jhn和Tm也跟随作者一起道歉，最后Jane原谅了他们，作者深感后悔。
续写线索：Jane的反应——同学们的反应——作者的反思——承认错误——Jhn和Tm的道歉——Jane的原谅——作者的后悔
词汇激活
行为类
①尖叫：scream/cry ut
②批评：criticize/cndemn
③原谅：frgive/clear the air
情绪类
①震惊：shcked/stunned
②后悔：regretful/remrseful
[高分句型1]. Seeing Jane still standing n her chair, her eyes widened and face pale, I felt regretful fr what I had dne suddenly.（使用了现在分词短语作状语）
[高分句型2]. That day, regret welled up within me as I thught abut the prank I had played n pr Jane.（使用了as引导的时间状语从句）
$9.95 PER MONTH
$95 PER YEAR
( Subscribe)
( Subscribe)