2023届高考英语语法复习专项试卷：动词（1）（含解析）

这是一份2023届高考英语语法复习专项试卷：动词（1）（含解析），共5页。试卷主要包含了填空，语法填空等内容，欢迎下载使用。
1.Lk！The plant ______________（与相似）grass in appearance.
2.In China, a whle fish ______(symbl) richness. At a party, it is a traditin t serve the whle fish.
3.The graduatin ceremny itself takes place at the end f May r the beginning f June, which usually ______(include) music, award, and a guest speaker.
4.Fr me, the library as well as the curses explain Harvard as the hme f devted schlars.
5.What's wrse, many a persn always litter here and there in the streets, which is f ur great cncern.
6.As we knw, a clean city, where disease may be reduced and peple's health may be better, are gd bth t ur mind and bdy.
7.Sprts can help yu frget all that make yu unhappy and face schl and life mre psitively.
8.Every day, he went t wrk befre I get up, and cmes hack hme after I g t bed. But t me, it desn't matter at all, because he is a great her in my mind.
9.Why d humans laugh? That questin increasingly ______(interest) scientists arund the glbe.
10.The dust absrbs heat, warming up the atmsphere and making it circulate mre strngly, which _____(prevent) the frmatin f ice cluds.
11.This image that yu create f yurself ______(determine) wh yu are and hw yu feel.
12.I desn’t want a red apple. I want a green ne.
13.The ld man desn't _________(hear) very well.
14.Reading widely ______(able) us t have a chance t braden ur hrizns.
15.Preparing different kinds f fd t satisfy guests’ tastes usually ________ (require) a lt f time.
二、语法填空
16.阅读下面材料,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Sudan is the nly male nrthern white rhin (犀牛) left in the wrld. That ①________(mean) Sudan, 42, is the last hpe fr aviding extinctin. ②________ (prtect) him, fficials have placed him under 24-hur armed guard at the OI Pejeta Cnservancy in central Kenya. Sudan lives there ③________ tw female nrthern white rhins, Fatu and Najin.
Nrthern white rhins, ④________ can weigh up t 5,000 punds, were nce plentiful acrss nrthern and central Africa. ⑤________ (hunter) have killed thusands f rhins because f ⑥________ high demand fr the animals,hrns (角). Rhin hrns, believed t have medical effects, are used in ⑦________ (traditin) Asian medicines. Mre than 1,000 rhins ⑧________ (kill) in 2014 in Suth Africa alne and fifty-fur rhins in Kenya, which has a much ⑨________ (small) ppulatin.
Sudan, Fatu, and Najin have had their hrns ​⑩________ (remve) s that they will nt be hunted. Peple hpe Sudan and ne f the females will be able t have a baby. Sudan is very ld, but scientists will nt give up hpe.
17. The heat wave that brke high temperature recrds in five Eurpean cuntries a week ag is nw ver Greenland, ①_____(cause) the island's vast ice sheet t melt at near-recrd levels and a huge ②_____(lse) f ice in the Arctic. On Wednesday alne, mre than 10 billin tns f ice was lst t the ceans by surface melting, which is equal ③_____ abut 400,000 Olympic-sized swimming pls, said Ruth Mttram, a climate scientist at the Danish Meterlgical Institute.
Melting ④_____(increase) in recent decades because f climate change and has been decreasing the accumulatin f snw. Previusly, during the 1970s and the 1980s, Greenland lst ⑤_____ average f 50 billin tns f ice each year. Frm 2010 t 2018, that figure sht up t 290 billin tns ⑥_____(annual). This summer, the extent f the melting culd surpass(超过) the recrd set in 2012, ⑦_____ abut 97% f the ice sheet's surface began t melt. NASA/JPL-Caltech reprted at the time.
Greenland, the wrld's largest island, ⑧_____(lie) between the Atlantic and Arctic ceans, with 82% f its surface ⑨_____(cver) by ice. A June 2019 study by scientists in the US and Denmark said melting ice in Greenland alne will add between 5 and 33 centimetres t the rising ⑩_____(glbe) sea levels by the year 2100. If all the ice in Greenland melted, which wuld take centuries, the wrld's ceans wuld rise by 7.2 metres.
答案以及解析
1.答案：resembles
解析：根据括号内词义，与 相似 可译为resemble。分析句子，结合句意，句子为一般现在时，主语为单数名词，设空处应用动词的第三人称单数形式。故填: resembles。
2.答案：symblises
解析：句意为: 在中国, 一整条鱼象征着财富。设空处为谓语动词, 主语是a whle fish, 为第三人称单数, 故填symblises。
3.答案：includes
解析：句意为: 毕业典礼一般在五月底或六月初举行, 通常包括音乐节目、毕业证书授予和特邀嘉宾演讲等内容。设空处为定语从句的谓语动词, 关系词在从句中作主语, 先行词为The graduatin ceremny, 是第三人称单数, 故定语从句的谓语动词也应用第三人称单数形式。
4.答案：explain→explains
解析：当as well as连接两个并列成分作主语时, 其谓语动词通常与前面的主语保持人称和数的一致, 又因本句主语是the library, 所以谓语要用第三人称单数形式。故将explain改为explains。
5.答案：litter→litters
解析：句意为: 更糟糕的是, 许多人总是在街上到处扔垃圾, 这是我们非常关注的。固定短语"many a(n)+单数名词"意为"许多的; 大量的", 但是其谓语动词要用单数形式。故将litter改为litters。
6.答案：are→is
解析：句意为: 正如我们所知, 一个干净的城市, 疾病可能会减少, 人们的健康状况可能会更好, 这对我们的身心都有益。分析句子结构可知, 此处是句子的谓语, 主语a clean city是名词单数, 所以谓语也应该用第三人称单数形式。故将are改为is。
7.答案：make→makes
解析：句意为: 运动可以帮助你忘记所有让你不快乐的事情, 证你更积极地面对学校和生活。分析句子结构可知, 此处是一个定语从句, 先行词是all, 在此处意为"所有", 视为一个整体, 从句谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。故将make改为makes。
8.答案：went→ges
解析：根据句中的时间状语Every day以及下文的get up, cmes back和g t bed可知, 此处应用一般现在时, 又因主语he是第三人称单数, 谓语动词应用第三人称单数形式。故将went改为ges。
9.答案：interests
解析：句意为: 人们为什么会笑? 这个问题越来越引起全球科学家的兴趣。设空处在句中作谓语, 且陈述客观事实, 应用一般现在时, 主语为That questin, 谓语动词应用第三人称单数形式。故填interests。
10.答案：prevents
解析：句意为: 尘埃吸收热量, 使大气升温, 使其更强烈地循环, 从而阻止了冰云的形成。从句中充当主语的关系词which指代前面的句子, 和prevent是主动关系, 谓语用第三人称单数形式, 故填prevents。
11.答案：determines
解析：句意为: 你所创造的自身形象决定了你是谁, 你的感受如何。此空为谓语, 根据上下文可知, 时态为一般现在时, 主语(This image)为单数概念, 谓语应用第三人称单数形式, 故填determines。
12.答案：I want a red apple. I want a green ne.
解析： I是第一人称，助动词用d；des用于第三人称单数形式；故把desn't改为dn't。
故填：desn't改为dn’t。
13.答案：hear
解析：
14.答案：enables
解析：分析可知, 此处应用动词作谓语, enable"使能够;使有机会", 动词词性, 句子陈述的是事实, 应用一般现在时, 主语为动名词短语reading widely, 谓语应用第三人称单数形式, 故填enables。
15.答案：requires
解析： 句子的主语是Preparing different kinds f fd t satisfy guests' tastes,为单数形式,因此谓语动词使用单数,句子陈述事实,因此使用一般现在时,故答案为requires。
16.答案：1. means 2. T prtect 3. with 4. which 5. Hunters 6. a 7. traditinal 8. were killed 9. smaller 10. remved
解析： ①考查动词时态。这里用一般现在时态，表示客观事实。句意：这意味着42岁的苏丹是避免北方白犀牛灭绝的最后希望。故填 means。
②考查非谓语动词。这里用动词不定式作目的状语。句意：为了保护他肯尼亚中部的 OI Pejeta自然保护区的官员将他置于24小时的武装警卫之下。故填 T prtect。
③考查介词。with表示“和…一起”。句意：苏丹和两头雌性北方白犀牛Fatu和 Najin生活在一起。故填with。
④考查非限制性定语从句。句中先行词 Nrthern white rhins在非限制性定语从句中作主语，故用关系代词 which。句意：北方白犀牛重可达5000磅，曾在非洲北部和中部大量繁殖。故填 which。
⑤考查名词复数。根据谓语have killed可知，用复数名词。句意：猎人杀死了成千上万的犀牛……。故填 Hunters。
⑥考查冠词。名词 demand是可数名词，a在这里表示泛指。句意：……由于对犀牛角的需求量很大。故填a。
⑦考查形容词。根据Asian medicines可知空格处用形容词，故用形容词形式。句意：犀牛角被认为具有医疗作用，被用于传统的亚洲药物。故填traditinal。
⑧考查语态。句中主语 rhins与动词kill之间是被动关系，故用被动语态。句意：仅2014年，南非就有超过1000头犀牛被杀……。故填 were killed。
⑨考查形容词比较级。根据空格前的much可知用 smaller。句意：……而肯尼亚的犀牛数量要少得多。故填 smaller。
⑩考查非谓语动词。本题考查have sth. dne结构。句意：为了不被猎杀，苏丹、法图和纳金的犀牛角都被去除掉了。故填 remved。
17.答案： ①causing ②lss ③t ④has increased/has been increasing ⑤an ⑥annually ⑦when ⑧lies ⑨cvered ⑩glbal
解析：①句意为: 一周前在五个欧洲国家打破高温纪录的热浪现在正在格陵兰岛上空, 导致岛屿上巨大的冰盖以接近纪录的速度融化, 也导致北极地区的冰层大量流失。is为本句的系动词, 动词cause与其之间无连词连接, 应用非谓语动词形式作结果状语; 主语The heat wave与动词cause之间为逻辑上的主动关系, 应用现在分词形式。故填causing。
②a为冠词, huge为形容词, 两者均修饰该空, 应用单数名词。故填lss。
③be equal t为固定搭配, 意为"等同于"。故填t。
④由时间状语in recent decades可知, 此处应使用现在完成时(表示过去的动作对现在的影响)或现在完成进行时(强调动作从过去一直持续到现在并有可能继续下去), 主语Melting为第三人称单数形式。故填has increased/has been increasing。
⑤an average f为固定搭配, 意为"平均"。故填an。
⑥此处表示"每年, 一年一次地", 应用副词作状语。故填annually。
⑦句意为: 今年夏天, 融化的程度可能超过2012年创下的纪录, 当时约97%的冰盖表面开始融化。分析句子结构可知, 设空处引导非限制性定语从句并在从句中作状语, 先行词为2012, 指时间, 故填when。
⑧此处陈述的是客观事实, 用一般现在时; 主语为Greenland, 谓语动词用第三人称单数, 故填lies。
⑨此处为"with+宾语+宾补"结构, 宾语82% f its surface与动词cver之间是逻辑上的被动关系, 应用过去分词形式。故填cvered。
⑩此处修饰名词短语sea levels应用形容词。故填glbal。